WO2010073979A1 - 通信品質監視装置、通信システム、通信品質監視方法及びそのプログラム - Google Patents
通信品質監視装置、通信システム、通信品質監視方法及びそのプログラム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010073979A1 WO2010073979A1 PCT/JP2009/071109 JP2009071109W WO2010073979A1 WO 2010073979 A1 WO2010073979 A1 WO 2010073979A1 JP 2009071109 W JP2009071109 W JP 2009071109W WO 2010073979 A1 WO2010073979 A1 WO 2010073979A1
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- threshold value
- congestion
- communication quality
- buffer length
- deterioration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
- H04L1/1835—Buffer management
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/20—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received using signal quality detector
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/19—Flow control; Congestion control at layers above the network layer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/30—Flow control; Congestion control in combination with information about buffer occupancy at either end or at transit nodes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a communication quality monitoring apparatus, a communication quality monitoring method, and a program thereof, and more particularly to a communication quality monitoring apparatus, a communication quality monitoring method, and a program thereof for detecting communication deterioration in a session control protocol.
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 disclose related techniques for detecting deterioration of communication quality at the Control Protocol level.
- TCP traffic is measured by a measuring device inserted between a transmitting terminal and a receiving terminal, and the theoretical throughput of TCP is calculated from the network delay, the packet loss rate, etc. measured by the measuring device. Then, a method is disclosed in which the actual throughput is compared, and when the actual throughput is lower than the theoretical throughput, it is determined that the performance is degraded.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method for determining communication degradation when the number of TCP retransmission timeouts exceeds a threshold according to the time and order of TCP packets.
- Patent Document 3 a round trip delay time between a transmission terminal and a reception terminal is measured, and an advertisement window (a usage amount of a reception buffer on the reception side) is determined in advance whether the round trip delay time has increased abruptly or slowly.
- a method of determining whether the cause of the response delay is caused by either the server terminal or the network is disclosed based on three detection results indicating whether or not the value falls below the specified value.
- Patent Documents 4 and 5 As a related technique for determining deterioration in a network repeater, there are techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 4 and 5, for example.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a traffic congestion predictor monitoring system for notifying that when traffic information (communication buffer usage) in a network exceeds a predetermined threshold.
- Patent Document 5 monitors the transmission queue of a dedicated line, and when the transmission queue exceeds a predetermined length, determines that the flow rate of transmission packets has exceeded the line speed of the dedicated line and distributes some packets to the ISDN line. An apparatus is disclosed.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 have a problem that communication quality deterioration cannot be determined in a section where no packet loss occurs. This problem can occur not only in communication using packets but also in communication using data such as cells and frames.
- the communication quality deterioration is a determination method that is assumed to be caused by packet loss. Even if packet loss does not occur, communication quality degradation may occur due to the fact that the link bandwidth is small relative to the data input speed and the speed increase of the session congestion control method in a high-delay environment is reduced. .
- An object of the present invention is to provide a communication quality monitoring apparatus, a communication quality monitoring method, and a program thereof that can determine the deterioration of communication quality in the session layer regardless of the occurrence of data loss.
- a communication quality monitoring apparatus is a communication quality monitoring apparatus that detects deterioration in communication quality based on a buffer length of a session control protocol, and that performs communication quality deterioration in accordance with parameters related to congestion detection of the session control protocol. It includes a threshold value calculation unit that calculates a threshold value for determination, and a deterioration determination unit that compares the threshold value and the buffer length to determine communication quality deterioration.
- a communication system includes a communication device that performs communication using a session control protocol, and a communication quality monitoring device that detects deterioration of communication quality based on a buffer length of a session control protocol connected to the communication device via a communication network.
- a communication quality monitoring device that compares a threshold value and a buffer length with a threshold value calculation unit that calculates a threshold value for determining deterioration in communication quality according to a parameter related to congestion detection of a session control protocol.
- a deterioration determining unit that determines deterioration of communication quality.
- a communication quality monitoring method is a communication quality monitoring method by a communication quality monitoring device that detects deterioration of communication quality based on a buffer length of a session control protocol, and according to a parameter related to congestion detection of a session control protocol, It includes a threshold value calculating step for calculating a threshold value for determining communication quality deterioration, and a deterioration determining step for determining communication quality deterioration by comparing the threshold value and the buffer length.
- a communication quality monitoring program is a communication quality monitoring program that is executed on a computer device that detects deterioration of communication quality based on a buffer length of a session control protocol, according to parameters related to congestion detection of the session control protocol.
- the computer apparatus is caused to execute a threshold value calculation process for calculating a threshold value for determining deterioration in communication quality and a deterioration determination process for determining deterioration in communication quality by comparing the threshold value and the buffer length.
- the present invention by calculating a buffer length threshold for determining deterioration according to a congestion state, it is possible to determine communication quality deterioration regardless of whether or not data loss has occurred.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a communication system to which communication quality monitoring according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- a packet transmission / quality degradation monitoring device 11-1 as a communication device is connected to a packet reception device 11-3 via a communication network 11-2.
- the packet transmission / quality degradation monitoring device 11-1 is a device that generates a packet by session control and monitors communication quality degradation of session control.
- the packet receiving device 11-3 is a device that receives a packet subjected to session control from the packet transmission / quality degradation monitoring device 11-1.
- the packet transmission / quality degradation monitoring apparatus 11-1 includes a buffer input unit 11-10, a buffer unit 11-11, a session processing unit 11-12, a packet transmission unit 11-13, and a buffer status monitoring unit 11. -14, a session state monitoring unit 11-15, a state storage unit 11-16, a threshold value calculation unit 11-17, and a deterioration determination unit 11-18.
- the buffer input unit 11-10 is a part having a function of inputting data from an application or received data from another session to the buffer unit 11-11.
- the buffer unit 11-11 is a part having a function of buffering data to be transmitted.
- the session control unit 11-12 is a part having a function of generating a packet based on session control for the data stored in the buffer unit 11-11.
- This session control includes congestion control.
- the packet transmitter 11-13 is a part having a function of transmitting the generated packet to the packet receiver 11-3.
- the buffer status monitoring unit 11-14 is a part having a function of monitoring the buffer length of the buffer unit 11-11.
- the session state monitoring unit 11-15 is a part having a function of monitoring session control parameters.
- the session control parameter includes a parameter related to congestion detection and a parameter related to speed control.
- the parameter related to congestion detection indicates the number of retransmissions, the number of packet loss detections, or the packet loss rate.
- the parameter related to speed control refers to a communication speed or a window and a round trip delay time.
- the window indicates a transfer amount per one round-trip delay time. Therefore, the communication speed can be obtained by dividing the window by the round trip delay time.
- the state storage unit 11-16 is a part having a function of storing the buffer length monitored by the buffer state monitoring unit 11-14 and the session control parameter monitored by the session state monitoring unit 11-15.
- the threshold calculation unit 11-17 determines the presence / absence of a congestion state based on a session control parameter past from an arbitrary time point t stored in the state storage unit 11-16, and the deterioration determination unit 11 according to the presence / absence of the congestion state. This is a part having a function of obtaining a buffer length threshold value for judging deterioration of communication quality at -18.
- the arbitrary time point t is preferably the latest time point stored in the state storage unit 11-16.
- the deterioration determination unit 11-18 has a function of comparing the buffer length at an arbitrary time t stored in the state storage unit 11-16 with the threshold obtained by the threshold calculation unit 11-17 to determine communication quality deterioration. It is a part to have.
- the deterioration determining unit 11-18 determines that the buffer length is deteriorated if the buffer length is equal to or greater than the threshold value or exceeds the threshold value.
- an average value of buffer lengths near the time point t among the buffer lengths stored in the state storage unit 11-16 may be used.
- the threshold calculation unit 11-17 includes a congestion state determination processing unit 11-17-1, a congestion threshold calculation processing unit 11-17-2, and a non-congestion threshold calculation processing unit 11-17-2. Including.
- the congestion state determination processing unit 11-17-1 performs a process of determining whether or not the congestion state is based on a parameter that increases according to the congestion detection stored in the state storage unit 11-16. Whether or not it is in a congestion state is determined based on whether or not the session control parameter has increased between arbitrary times td to t stored in the state storage unit 11-16.
- the session control protocol has control dependency on the packet round-trip delay time, and an arbitrary value sufficiently larger than the packet round-trip delay time is used as the time d in order to detect congestion at a larger interval than the control interval.
- a value proportional to the measurement interval may be used as the time d.
- Examples of the session control parameter that increases according to congestion detection include the number of packet losses recognized by the congestion control protocol and the number of retransmissions when the congestion control protocol has a retransmission mechanism.
- the congestion threshold value calculation processing unit 11-17-2 determines that the congestion state is determined by the congestion state determination processing unit 11-17-1
- the deterioration determination unit 11-18 determines the deterioration as a buffer length threshold ( Hereinafter, processing for calculating a deterioration determination threshold value) is performed.
- the congestion threshold value calculation processing unit 11-17-2 obtains a deterioration determination threshold value corresponding to the change in the buffer length of the buffer unit 11-11.
- the method based on the statistical value is a method of obtaining the deterioration judgment threshold value from the statistical value of the past fluctuation of the buffer length stored in the state storage unit 11-16.
- a specific method of obtaining will be described with reference to FIG.
- a plurality of maximum values of buffer length variation are calculated, and a deterioration determination threshold value is obtained from the average of these maximum values.
- the deterioration determination threshold value is preferably the average of the maximum value + constant ⁇ deviation.
- the deviation may be a standard deviation or an average deviation.
- the constant is preferably “1” or more.
- an increase model equation of the communication speed parameter is derived in advance, and the communication speed is reduced by avoiding congestion N times between times td and t based on the increase model equation.
- the maximum value of the buffer length in the case of occurrence of the problem is obtained, and the deterioration judgment value is calculated using the obtained maximum value.
- the maximum buffer length can be obtained by the following procedure. First, assuming that the input data rate matches the communication rate and there is no fluctuation in the buffer length, the period from when the communication rate decrease occurs due to N consecutive congestion avoidances until the communication rate returns to the communication rate before the rate decrease occurred r1 to r2 are obtained from the model formula f. Next, the buffer length before congestion avoidance is added to the value obtained by integrating the model formula f in the periods r1 and r2. However, in this method, since the maximum buffer length can be obtained only when r2-r1 ⁇ d, t and d are set so that r2-r1 ⁇ d.
- the deterioration determination threshold value is the maximum value of the obtained buffer length ⁇ (a constant of 1.0 or more) or the maximum value of the obtained buffer length + (a constant of 0 or more).
- This calculation method obtains a threshold based on the behavior of session control during congestion, compared with a method based on statistical values, so the possibility of erroneous detection is reduced.
- the method based on the statistical value and the method based on the model formula of the congestion control of the session control may be used alone or both may be used together. When using together, it is preferable to use the maximum value among the deterioration judgment threshold values obtained by both methods.
- the non-congestion threshold value calculation processing unit 11-17-3 determines that the deterioration determination unit 11-18 determines deterioration when the congestion state determination processing unit 11-17-1 determines that there is no congestion state.
- a process of calculating (hereinafter referred to as a deterioration judgment threshold) is performed.
- the buffer length of the buffer unit 11-11 is smaller when the link speed is lower than the input data speed or when the communication speed calculated by the congestion control during non-congestion is lower than the input data speed.
- Increase in case. The latter is a round-trip delay time when a timeout occurs after a burst loss such as a route change and the communication speed increases from the initial value, or when the round-trip delay time is extended as a congestion control method, the increase speed of the communication speed decreases. Occurs when used in an environment where the
- the deterioration determination threshold value is a value calculated from the buffer length at an arbitrary time point t ′ stored in the state storage unit 11-16. It is preferable that the deterioration determination threshold value is the buffer length at time t ′ + (a constant equal to or greater than 0).
- the time point t ′ is a time point stored in the state storage unit 11-16 that is more than a time interval before the latest time point stored in the state storage unit 11-16 can ignore the fluctuation of the buffer length.
- the time point t ′ is preferably the time point when the congestion state determination processing unit 11-17-1 determines that the congestion is not occurring. Furthermore, it is preferable to use the previous deterioration determination time as the time t ′.
- the buffer lengths at a plurality of time points are extrapolated, the buffer lengths at the time when the buffer lengths to be compared are measured by the deterioration determining unit 11-18 are estimated, and the deterioration determination threshold is a value based on the estimated buffer lengths.
- the deterioration determination threshold value is set to a deterioration estimated value + (a constant equal to or greater than 0).
- the first and second calculation methods may be used, or both may be used in combination. When using together, it is good to use the maximum value among the deterioration judgment threshold values calculated by both methods.
- an upper layer deterioration determination unit that determines deterioration in an upper layer such as an application based on the history determined as deterioration may be added to the result of the deterioration determination unit 11-18.
- the threshold value n may be a constant or a value that is inversely proportional to the increase in buffer length.
- the data is stored in the buffer unit 11-11 by the buffer input unit 11-10 (step A101 in FIG. 4).
- the session control unit 11-12 extracts data from the buffer unit 11-11 according to the session control (step A102), and generates a packet (step A103).
- the packet transmitter 11-13 transmits the packet generated by the session controller 11-12 to the packet receiver 11-3 (step A104).
- the buffer status monitoring unit 11-14 of the packet transmission / quality degradation monitoring device 11-1 acquires the buffer status of the buffer unit 11-11 (step A201 in FIG. 5).
- the acquired buffer state is stored in the state storage unit 11-16 (step A202). Thereafter, the process is temporarily stopped and the buffer state is acquired again (step A203).
- the session state monitoring unit 11-15 acquires the session state of the session control unit 11-12 (step A301 in FIG. 6).
- the acquired session state is stored in the state storage unit 11-16 (step A302). After that, it pauses and acquires the session state again (step A303).
- the congestion state determination processing unit 11-17-1 of the threshold calculation unit 11-17 acquires the session state from the state storage unit 11-17 and determines whether or not congestion has occurred (step A401 in FIG. 7). ).
- the congestion threshold calculation processing unit 11-17-1 calculates a degradation determination threshold during congestion (step A402). If no congestion occurs, the non-congestion threshold value calculation processing unit 11-17-2 calculates a deterioration determination threshold value during non-congestion (step A403).
- the deterioration determination unit 11-18 determines whether the buffer length stored in the state storage unit 11-17 is greater than or equal to the deterioration determination threshold or larger than the deterioration determination threshold (step A404). If the condition is true, it is determined that the communication quality is deteriorated (step A405). If the condition is false, it is determined that the communication quality is not deteriorated (step A406).
- the threshold calculation unit 11-17 determines that the congestion state is a congestion state determination processing unit 11-17-1 that determines whether or not the congestion state is based on a parameter related to congestion detection
- a congestion time threshold value calculation processing unit 11-17-2 for calculating a buffer length threshold value
- a non-congestion threshold value calculation processing unit 11-17-3 for calculating a buffer length threshold value when it is determined that the state is not congested.
- the congestion threshold value calculation processing unit 11-17-2 and the non-congestion threshold value calculation processing unit 11-17-3 calculate the deterioration determination threshold value according to the fluctuation width of the buffer length. It is possible to prevent erroneous detection and delay in quality deterioration detection.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 cannot determine whether the deterioration of the TCP session level is related to the deterioration of the application level.
- the reason is that the relationship between the amount of input data from the application and the transferable data amount of TCP is not grasped, so it is determined whether the decrease in the transferable data amount due to deterioration of the TCP session level affects the transfer of input data. This is because it cannot be done.
- the buffer length of the buffer for temporarily storing data to be transmitted by session control and the session control parameter are monitored, and the deterioration determination of the buffer length is determined according to the presence or absence of the congestion state. In order to determine the threshold value and determine the deterioration of the communication quality, it is possible to determine whether the deterioration of the TCP session level is related to the deterioration of the application level.
- the packet transmission / quality monitoring apparatus 11-1 and the packet receiving apparatus 11-3 are one-to-one has been described, but the packet transmission / quality monitoring apparatus 11-1
- the case where the packet receiving apparatus 11-3 is 1 to N, N to 1, and N to N can be similarly implemented and is not limited by the number. Further, the packet transmission / quality monitoring device 11-1 and the packet receiving device 11-3 may be the same device.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a communication system to which the second embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- the packet transmission device 12-1 is connected to the packet reception device 12-3 via the communication network 12-2.
- the packet transmission device 12-1 is connected to the quality degradation monitoring device 12-5 via the communication network 12-4.
- the communication network 12-2 and the communication network 12-4 may be the same network or different networks, or one of them may be included in the other.
- the packet transmission device 11-1 is a device that generates a packet by session control, sends the packet to the packet reception device 12-3, and sends the session control buffer length and control state to the quality degradation monitoring device 12-5.
- the packet receiving device 12-3 is a device that receives a packet for which session control is performed from the packet transmitting device 12-1.
- the quality deterioration monitoring device 12-5 is a device that monitors communication quality deterioration of the packet transmission device 12-1.
- the packet transmission device 12-1 includes a buffer input unit 12-10, a buffer unit 12-11, a session processing unit 12-12, a packet transmission unit 12-13, a buffer status monitoring unit 12-14, a session It includes a state monitoring unit 12-15 and a state information transmission unit 12-19.
- the buffer input unit 12-10, the buffer unit 12-11, the session processing unit 12-12, the packet transmission unit 12-13, the buffer status monitoring unit 12-14, and the session status monitoring unit 12-15 are the same as those in the first implementation described above. Are the same as the buffer input unit 11-10, the buffer unit 11-11, the session processing unit 11-12, the packet transmission unit 11-13, the buffer state monitoring unit 11-14, and the session state monitoring unit 11-15. Detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the status information transmission unit 12-19 has a function of notifying the quality degradation monitoring device 12-5 of the buffer status monitored by the buffer status monitoring unit 12-14 and the session status monitored by the session status monitoring unit 12-15. It is.
- the quality deterioration monitoring device 12-5 includes a state information receiving unit 12-51, a state storage unit 12-52, a threshold value calculating unit 12-53, and a deterioration determining unit 12-54.
- the status information receiving unit 12-51 is a part having a function of receiving a buffer status and a session status from the packet transmission device 12-1.
- the state storage unit 12-52, the threshold calculation unit 12-53, and the deterioration determination unit 12-54 are the state storage unit 11-16, threshold calculation unit 11-17, deterioration determination unit 11- in the first embodiment described above. 18, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the operations of the buffer input unit 12-10, the buffer unit 12-11, the session processing unit 12-12, and the packet transmission unit 12-13 of the packet transmission device 12-1 in FIG. 10 are shown in FIG. 2 in the first embodiment.
- the operations of the buffer input unit 11-10, the buffer unit 11-11, and the session control unit 11-12 shown in FIG. 4 are the same as those shown in steps A101 to A104 in FIG.
- the buffer status monitoring unit 12-14 acquires the buffer status of the buffer unit 12-11 (step B201 in FIG. 12).
- the status information transmission unit 12-19 notifies the acquired buffer status to the quality degradation monitoring device 12-5 (step B202). Thereafter, the process is temporarily stopped and the buffer state is acquired again (step B203).
- the session state monitoring unit 12-15 acquires the session state of the session control unit 12-12 (step B301).
- the status information transmission unit 12-19 notifies the acquired buffer status to the quality degradation monitoring device 12-5 (step B202). After that, it pauses and acquires the session state again (step B303).
- the state information receiving unit 12-51 receives the state information from the packet transmission device 12-1 (step B401 in FIG. 14) and stores it in the state storage unit 12-52 (step B402).
- the operations of the threshold calculation unit 12-53 and the degradation determination unit 12-54 are the same as the operations of the threshold calculation unit 11-17 and the degradation determination unit 11-18 in steps A401 to A406 shown in FIG. 7 in the first embodiment. Therefore, detailed description is omitted.
- the packet transmission device 12-1 and the packet reception device 12-3 are one-to-one has been described.
- the packet transmission device 12-1 and the packet reception device 12 are -3 can be implemented in the same manner when 1 to N, N to 1, and N to N, and is not limited by the number.
- N to 1 and N to N can be implemented in the same manner and are not limited by the number.
- the packet transmission device 12-1 and the packet reception device 12-3 may be the same device. Further, the packet transmission device 12-1 and the quality monitoring device 12-5 may be the same device. Further, the packet receiving device 12-3 and the quality monitoring device 12-5 may be the same device.
- the threshold value calculation unit 11-17 in the first embodiment and the threshold value calculation unit 12-53 in the second embodiment calculate a threshold value for determining deterioration depending on whether congestion has occurred. went. Instead of whether or not congestion has occurred, the congestion may be determined as a plurality of congestion states according to the amount of increase in parameters that increase according to congestion detection, and a threshold value for determining deterioration for each congestion state may be calculated.
- the congestion may be determined as a plurality of congestion states according to an increase amount of a parameter that increases according to congestion detection, a plurality of threshold values may be calculated according to the congestion state, and the degree of deterioration may be determined based on the plurality of threshold values.
- the present invention can be implemented as long as data is communicated by dividing data such as a cell and a frame. is there.
- the threshold calculation unit 11-17 and the threshold calculation unit 12-53 have a procedure for determining congestion.
- the threshold calculation unit 11-17 and the threshold calculation unit 12-53 there is no procedure for determining congestion, and the buffer length is determined as degradation based on the past buffer length from an arbitrary time t stored in the state storage unit 11-16. May be obtained.
- the procedure for obtaining the threshold in this case is the same as that of the non-congestion threshold calculation processing unit 11-17-2.
- FIG. 17 is a block diagram illustrating a hardware configuration example of the packet transmission / quality degradation monitoring apparatus 11-1 according to the first embodiment.
- the packet transmission / quality degradation monitoring device 11-1 can be realized by a hardware configuration similar to that of a general computer device, and includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 401, a RAM (Random Access Memory).
- the main storage unit 402 used for a data work area and a temporary data save area, a communication unit 403 that transmits / receives data to / from other nodes via a network, and transmits / receives data by connecting to an external device.
- I / O interface unit 404 to perform, an auxiliary storage unit 405 that is a hard disk device composed of a nonvolatile memory such as a ROM (Read Only Memory), a magnetic disk, and a semiconductor memory, an input device 406 such as a keyboard and a mouse, a display device, etc. output Location 407, and a system bus 408 that connects to each other the above components.
- auxiliary storage unit 405 that is a hard disk device composed of a nonvolatile memory such as a ROM (Read Only Memory), a magnetic disk, and a semiconductor memory
- input device 406 such as a keyboard and a mouse
- output Location 407 such as a keyboard and a mouse
- system bus 408 that connects to each other the above components.
- the packet transmission / quality degradation monitoring apparatus 11-1 includes a session control unit 11-12, a buffer status monitoring unit 11-14, a session status monitoring unit 11-15, a threshold calculation unit 11-17, and a degradation determination unit. It is a matter of course that the operation can be realized in hardware by mounting circuit components which are hardware components such as LSI (Large Scale Integration) incorporating a communication quality monitoring program for executing processing such as 11-18.
- LSI Large Scale Integration
- a program that provides the functions of the session control unit 11-12, the buffer state monitoring unit 11-14, the session state monitoring unit 11-15, the threshold value calculation unit 11-17, and the deterioration determination unit 11-18 is stored. Stored in the unit 405, loaded into the main storage unit 402 and executed by the CPU 401 By Rukoto, it is also be implemented as software.
- FIG. 17 describes the hardware configuration example of the packet transmission / quality degradation monitoring apparatus 11-1, but the quality degradation monitoring apparatus 12-5 in the second embodiment has the same configuration as that of FIG.
- the first and second embodiments can be implemented on an IP network using TCP as a session control method.
- TCP since TCP has a retransmission mechanism, the number of packet losses and the number of packet retransmissions are used as parameters that increase according to congestion detection.
- TCP-Reno As a TCP congestion control method, a congestion control method called TCP-Reno is widely used.
- TCP-Reno is a 1/1 RTT (Round Trip Time) packet per ACK (ACKnowledgement), that is, one packet with one RTT, a congestion window (hereinafter, CWND: congestion).
- the buffer section monitored by the buffer status monitoring section may be a TCP stack buffer or a TCP API (Application It may be a buffer on the application side provided when calling a transmission function in SOCKET which is a Programming Interface). Further, both a TCP stack buffer and an application side buffer may be included.
- the fluctuation of the CWND and the TCP transmission buffer when there is no packet loss for a while will be described with reference to FIG.
- the CWND value immediately before the packet loss is x packets
- the CWND becomes 1 / 2x due to packet loss
- the TCP transmission buffer length Becomes maximum
- CWND becomes 3 / 2x (time c)
- the buffer length returns to the value before the packet loss.
- the congestion threshold value calculation processing unit 11-17-1 calculates the congestion determination threshold value by a method based on the model formula of the congestion control of the session control.
- the buffer length at time b in FIG. 15 is theoretically obtained, and the deterioration determination threshold value is obtained from the buffer length.
- the times a to b are r * x / 2.
- the increase d in the buffer length during this time is a discrete integral of the increase model formula f of the communication speed parameter during the time a to b.
- the buffer length increase amount d is doubled.
- the buffer length increase d is r * (x-floor (1/2 N x)) + r * (x-floor (1/2 N -1 x)) ... + r * (x-floor (1/2 2 x)) + r * (x-floor (1/2 1 x)) ... Equation (3)
- the buffer length at the time b is a value obtained by adding the buffer length increase d to the buffer length q immediately before the packet loss (time a).
- the buffer length does not exceed the deterioration determination threshold, but when the packet loss is 2 times as in the section a′c ′, the buffer length is deteriorated.
- the determination threshold is exceeded and it is determined that the deterioration has occurred.
- the current operating system is implemented with a TCP having a congestion control method that is faster than TCP-Reno, especially in a high-delay, high-bandwidth environment, and has fairness with TCP-Reno during congestion.
- Compound Server TCP is installed in Windows Server 2008
- CUBIC-TCP is installed in Linux, and is used as an OS standard.
- the degradation determination threshold value may be obtained based on an increase model formula of the communication speed parameter of the high speed TCP.
- the deterioration judgment threshold assuming TCP-Reno it becomes a large value compared to the deterioration judgment threshold assuming high speed TCP. Must not.
- the deterioration determination threshold is obtained from the buffer lengths at a plurality of points in time as the deterioration determination threshold during non-congestion in the non-congestion threshold calculation processing unit. Specifically, the buffer length at time t and the buffer length at time 2t before are linearly extrapolated from the latest recorded time, the buffer length at the latest time is estimated, and the value is set as a deterioration determination threshold. And
- SCTP Stream Control Transmission
- TCP-Reno TCP-Reno
- DCCP Datagram Congestion It can be implemented on an IP network using the Control Protocol. Since DCCP does not have a retransmission mechanism, the number of packet losses or the packet loss rate is used as a parameter that increases according to congestion detection.
- DCCP can change the congestion control algorithm using CCID (Congestion Control ID) parameters.
- CCID Congestion Control ID
- mode 2 and mode 3 are currently defined.
- transmission is controlled using a congestion window, and the fluctuation of the congestion window is the same as in TCP-Reno. Therefore, the present invention can be implemented by the same method as TCP-Reno.
- transmission control is performed using the transmission rate, and the transmission rate is set so that the theoretical throughput of TCP-Reno is obtained from the delay and packet loss rate and becomes the value. However, it is set so that the rate does not fluctuate more than twice in 1 RTT. Since the rate fluctuation is smaller than that in mode 2, a method based on statistical values is used as a method for calculating a degradation determination threshold value during congestion in the congestion threshold value calculation processing unit 11-17-2.
- the congestion control mechanism similar to DCCP is implemented on UDP (User Datagram Protocol).
- the present invention can also be applied to a system in which one of the congestion control mechanisms of the CCCP CCID modes 2 and 3 is mounted on UDP.
- the present invention can be implemented as long as the session control protocol performs congestion control.
- the apparatus includes a communication quality monitoring apparatus having a quality deterioration monitoring function.
- the packet transmission device includes a configuration other than the threshold value calculation unit 11-17 and the deterioration determination unit 11-18
- the communication quality monitoring device includes the threshold value calculation unit 11-17 and the deterioration determination unit 11-18.
- by calculating a buffer length deterioration determination threshold value for determining deterioration according to the congestion state it is possible to determine communication quality deterioration regardless of the occurrence of data loss.
- the quality deterioration monitoring device 12-5 includes a state information receiving unit 12-51, a state storage unit 12-52, a threshold value calculating unit 12-53, and a deterioration determining unit 12-54.
- the threshold calculation unit 12-53 and the deterioration determination unit 12-54 as a minimum configuration. In this case, by acquiring the buffer state and session state stored on the packet transmitting device 12-1 side, and calculating the buffer length deterioration judgment threshold value for judging the deterioration according to the congestion state, whether or not data loss has occurred Regardless of whether or not the communication quality is degraded.
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Abstract
Description
Control Protocol)レベルの通信品質の劣化を検出する関連技術が、例えば、特許文献1~3に開示されている。
本発明の目的は、データロスの発生有無にかかわらずセッション層の通信品質劣化の判断ができる通信品質監視装置、通信品質監視方法及びそのプログラムを提供することにある。
図1は、本発明の第1の実施の形態による通信品質監視を適用した通信システムの構成例を示すブロック図である。
図2を参照すると、パケット送信・品質劣化監視装置11-1は、バッファ入力部11-10、バッファ部11-11、セッション処理部11-12、パケット送信部11-13、バッファ状態監視部11-14、セッション状態監視部11-15、状態記憶部11-16、閾値算出部11-17、劣化判断部11-18を含む。
図3を参照すると、閾値算出部11-17は、輻輳状態判断処理部11-17-1、輻輳時閾値算出処理部11-17-2、非輻輳時閾値算出処理部11-17-2を含む。
次に、図2の構成図及び図4~6のフローチャートを参照して、本実施の形態のパケット送信・品質劣化監視装置11-1のバッファ入力部11-10、バッファ部11-11及びセッション制御部11-12の動作について詳細に説明する。
第1の実施の形態によれば、上記のような構成と動作により、セッション制御プロトコルを終端し中継するノード、および、アプリケーションからデータを受け取りセッション制御プロトコルによって通信を行うノードにおいて、パケットロスの発生有無にかかわらずセッション制御プロトコルにおける通信品質の劣化を検出することができる。
本実施の形態によれば、輻輳時閾値算出処理部11-17-2と非輻輳時閾値算出処理部11-17-3によって、バッファ長の変動幅に従って劣化判断閾値を算出するので、品質劣化の誤検出や品質劣化検出の遅れを防ぐことができる。
本実施の形態によれば、セッション制御により送信するデータを一時保存するバッファのバッファ長と、セッション制御パラメータを監視し、輻輳状態の有無に応じて通信品質の劣化を判断するバッファ長の劣化判断閾値を求め、通信品質の劣化を判断するため、TCPのセッションレベルの劣化がアプリケーションレベルの劣化に関連しているのかを判別することが可能である。
次に、本発明の第2の実施の形態について図面を参照して詳細に説明する。
図10を参照すると、パケット送信装置12-1は、バッファ入力部12-10、バッファ部12-11、セッション処理部12-12、パケット送信部12-13、バッファ状態監視部12-14、セッション状態監視部12-15、状態情報送信部12-19を含む。
図11を参照すると、品質劣化監視装置12-5は、状態情報受信部12-51、状態記憶部12-52、閾値算出部12-53、劣化判断部12-54を含む。
次に、第2の実施の形態の動作について図12から図14のフローチャートを参照して詳細に説明する。
第2の実施の形態によれば、上記のような構成と動作により、第1の実施の形態と同様に、輻輳状態に応じて劣化と判断するためのバッファ長の閾値を算出することにより、パケットロスの発生有無にかかわらず通信品質劣化の判断を行うことができる。
window)と呼ばれる1RTTごとの送信データ量を調節するパラメータを増加させる。よって、通信速度パラメータの増加モデル式fは、f(t)=1/RTT[パケット/単位時間]とすることができる。パケットロスを検出した場合、ロスしたパケットを完全に再送した後に、CWNDを半分にして、再び輻輳回避フェイズとなる。よって、1RTT中一度に複数パケットが落ちても、パケットロス検出としては1回とカウントされる。バッファ状態監視部で監視されるバッファ部のとしては、TCPスタックのバッファであってもよいし、TCPのAPI(Application
Programming Interface)であるSOCKET中の送信関数を呼び出すときに設けるアプリケーション側のバッファであってもよい。また、TCPスタックバッファ、アプリケーション側のバッファの両方を含んでもよい。
* (x/2 - floor(x/2)) = r/2 * (ceil(x/2) * (ceil(x/2) + 1) - 1 ) + r * (x/2 -
floor(x/2)) ・・・式(1)
(ceil(x)はx以上の最小の整数値、floor(x)はx以下の最大の整数値)で算出される。
x) - 1) + ... + r * 3 + r * 2 + r * (1/2N x - floor(1/2N
x)) = r/2 * ((x - floor(1/2N x))(x - floor(1/2N x) + 1) -
1) + r * (1/2N x - floor(1/2N x)) ・・・式(2)
で算出される。
r * (x - floor(1/2N x)) + r * (x-floor(1/2N-1
x))...+ r * (x - floor(1/22 x))+ r * (x - floor(1/21 x))・・・式(3)
を加える。
Protocol)においても、同様に実施可能である。
Control Protocol)を用いて、IPネットワーク上での実施が可能である。DCCPは再送機構を持たないため、輻輳検出に従って増加するパラメータとして、パケットロス数もしくはパケットロス率を用いる。
この場合にも、輻輳状態に応じて劣化と判断するためのバッファ長の劣化判断閾値を算出することにより、データロスの発生有無にかかわらず通信品質劣化の判断を行うことが可能である。
この場合、パケット送信装置12-1側に記憶したバッファ状態とセッション状態を取得し、輻輳状態に応じて劣化と判断するためのバッファ長の劣化判断閾値を算出することにより、データロスの発生有無にかかわらず通信品質劣化の判断を行うことが可能である。
Claims (37)
- セッション制御プロトコルのバッファ長に基づいて通信品質の劣化を検出する通信品質監視装置であって、
前記セッション制御プロトコルの輻輳検出に関するパラメータに応じて、通信品質の劣化を判断するための閾値を算出する閾値算出部と、
前記閾値とバッファ長を比較して通信品質の劣化を判断する劣化判断部と
を備えることを特徴とする通信品質監視装置。 - セッション制御により送信するデータを一時保存するバッファのバッファ長を監視するバッファ状態監視部と、
通信速度に関するパラメータや輻輳検出に関するパラメータを含むセッション制御パラメータを監視するセッション状態監視部と、
前記バッファ長と前記セッション制御に関するパラメータを記憶する状態記憶部を備え、
前記閾値算出部が、前記状態記憶部に記憶された前記輻輳検出に関するパラメータに応じて、前記閾値を算出することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の通信品質監視装置。 - 前記閾値算出部が、
前記輻輳検出に関するパラメータによって輻輳状態であるかを判断する輻輳状態判断処理部と、
輻輳状態と判断された場合の劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出する輻輳時閾値算出処理部と、
輻輳状態ではないと判断された場合の劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出する非輻輳時閾値算出処理部を備えることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の通信品質監視装置。 - 前記輻輳時閾値算出処理部が、前記バッファ長の変動幅に従って劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の通信品質監視装置。
- 前記輻輳時閾値算出処理部が、前記バッファ長の過去の変動の統計値に従って劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出することを特徴とする請求項4に記載の通信品質監視装置。
- 前記輻輳時閾値算出処理部が、前記バッファ長の過去の変動における複数の極大値を算出し、算出した複数の極大値の平均を用いて前記閾値を算出することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の通信品質監視装置。
- 前記輻輳時閾値算出処理部が、セッション制御の輻輳制御のモデル式に基づいて劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出することを特徴とする請求項4に記載の通信品質監視装置。
- 前記輻輳時閾値算出処理部が、セッション制御の輻輳制御のモデル式に基づき輻輳回避による通信速度減少が生じた場合のバッファ長の最大値を求め、求めた最大値を用いて劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出することを特徴とする請求項7に記載の通信品質監視装置。
- 前記輻輳時閾値算出処理部が、前記最大値を、任意の回数連続した輻輳回避により通信速度の減少が発生した時点から減少前の通信速度に戻るまでの期間をセッション制御の輻輳制御の通信速度パラメータ増加モデル式に従って求め、前記モデル式を前記期間で積分した値に輻輳回避前のバッファ長を加算して求めることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の通信品質監視装置。
- 前記非輻輳時閾値算出処理部が、輻輳状態ではない場合、通信品質の劣化時に所定時間以上の間隔におけるバッファ長の変化が単調増加の傾向を示すことを利用して、劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の通信品質監視装置。
- 前記非輻輳時閾値算出処理部が、非輻輳と判断した時点におけるバッファ長を用いて劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出することを特徴とする請求項10に記載の通信品質監視装置。
- 前記非輻輳時閾値算出処理部が、過去の複数の時点のバッファ長から前記劣化判断部で比較するバッファ長が計測された時点でのバッファ長を推定し、推定したバッファ長を用いて劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出することを特徴とする請求項10に記載の通信品質監視装置。
- セッション制御プロトコルによって通信を行う通信装置と、通信装置と通信網を介して接続されるセッション制御プロトコルのバッファ長に基づいて通信品質の劣化を検出する通信品質監視装置を有する通信システムであって、
前記通信品質監視装置が、
前記セッション制御プロトコルの輻輳検出に関するパラメータに応じて、通信品質の劣化を判断するための閾値を算出する閾値算出部と、
前記閾値とバッファ長を比較して通信品質の劣化を判断する劣化判断部と
を備えることを特徴とする通信システム。 - 前記通信品質監視装置が、
セッション制御により送信するデータを一時保存するバッファのバッファ長を監視するバッファ状態監視部と、
通信速度に関するパラメータや輻輳検出に関するパラメータを含むセッション制御パラメータを監視するセッション状態監視部と、
前記バッファ長と前記セッション制御に関するパラメータを記憶する状態記憶部を備え、
前記閾値算出部が、前記状態記憶部に前記輻輳検出に関するパラメータに応じて、前記閾値を算出することを特徴とする請求項13に記載の通信システム。 - 前記閾値算出部が、
前記輻輳検出に関するパラメータによって輻輳状態であるかを判断する輻輳状態判断処理部と、
輻輳状態と判断された場合の劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出する輻輳時閾値算出処理部と、
輻輳状態ではないと判断された場合の劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出する非輻輳時閾値算出処理部を備えることを特徴とする請求項14に記載の通信システム。 - 前記輻輳時閾値算出処理部が、前記バッファ長の変動幅に従って劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出することを特徴とする請求項15に記載の通信システム。
- 前記輻輳時閾値算出処理部が、前記バッファ長の過去の変動の統計値に従って劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出することを特徴とする請求項16に記載の通信システム。
- 前記輻輳時閾値算出処理部が、前記バッファ長の過去の変動における複数の極大値を算出し、算出した複数の極大値の平均を用いて前記閾値を算出することを特徴とする請求項17に記載の通信システム。
- 前記輻輳時閾値算出処理部が、セッション制御の輻輳制御のモデル式に基づいて劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出することを特徴とする請求項16に記載の通信システム。
- 前記非輻輳時閾値算出処理部が、輻輳状態ではない場合、通信品質の劣化時に所定時間以上の間隔におけるバッファ長の変化が単調増加の傾向を示すことを利用して、劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出することを特徴とする請求項15に記載の通信システム。
- 前記非輻輳時閾値算出処理部が、非輻輳と判断した時点におけるバッファ長を用いて劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出することを特徴とする請求項20に記載の通信システム。
- セッション制御プロトコルのバッファ長に基づいて通信品質の劣化を検出する通信品質監視方法であって、
前記セッション制御プロトコルの輻輳検出に関するパラメータに応じて、通信品質の劣化を判断するための閾値を算出する閾値算出ステップと、
前記閾値とバッファ長を比較して通信品質の劣化を判断する劣化判断ステップと
を有することを特徴とする通信品質監視方法。 - 前記閾値算出ステップが、
前記輻輳検出に関するパラメータによって輻輳状態であるかを判断する輻輳状態判断ステップと、
輻輳状態と判断された場合の劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出する輻輳時閾値算出ステップと、
輻輳状態ではないと判断された場合の劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出する非輻輳時閾値算出ステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項22に記載の通信品質監視方法。 - 前記輻輳時閾値算出ステップで、前記バッファ長の変動幅に従って劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出することを特徴とする請求項23に記載の通信品質監視方法。
- 前記輻輳時閾値算出ステップで、前記バッファ長の過去の変動の統計値に従って劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出することを特徴とする請求項24に記載の通信品質監視方法。
- 前記輻輳時閾値算出ステップで、前記バッファ長の過去の変動における複数の極大値を算出し、算出した複数の極大値の平均を用いて前記閾値を算出することを特徴とする請求項25に記載の通信品質監視方法。
- 前記輻輳時閾値算出ステップで、セッション制御の輻輳制御のモデル式に基づいて劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出することを特徴とする請求項24に記載の通信品質監視方法。
- 前記非輻輳時閾値算出ステップで、輻輳状態ではない場合、通信品質の劣化時に所定時間以上の間隔におけるバッファ長の変化が単調増加の傾向を示すことを利用して、劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出することを特徴とする請求項26に記載の通信品質監視方法。
- 前記非輻輳時閾値算出ステップで、非輻輳と判断した時点におけるバッファ長を用いて劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出することを特徴とする請求項28に記載の通信品質監視方法。
- セッション制御プロトコルのバッファ長に基づいて通信品質の劣化を検出するコンピュータ装置上で実行される通信品質監視プログラムであって、
前記セッション制御プロトコルの輻輳検出に関するパラメータに応じて、通信品質の劣化を判断するための閾値を算出する閾値算出処理と、
前記閾値とバッファ長を比較して通信品質の劣化を判断する劣化判断処理とを、前記コンピュータ装置に実行させることを特徴とする通信品質監視プログラム。 - 前記閾値算出処理が、
前記輻輳検出に関するパラメータによって輻輳状態であるかを判断する輻輳状態判断処理と、
輻輳状態と判断された場合の劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出する輻輳時閾値算出処理と、
輻輳状態ではないと判断された場合の劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出する非輻輳時閾値算出処理を含むことを特徴とする請求項30に記載の通信品質監視プログラム。 - 前記輻輳時閾値算出処理が、前記バッファ長の変動幅に従って劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出する処理を行うことを特徴とする請求項31に記載の通信品質監視プログラム。
- 前記輻輳時閾値算出処理が、前記バッファ長の過去の変動の統計値に従って劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出する処理を行うことを特徴とする請求項32に記載の通信品質監視プログラム。
- 前記輻輳時閾値算出処理が、前記バッファ長の過去の変動における複数の極大値を算出し、算出した複数の極大値の平均を用いて前記閾値を算出する処理を行うことを特徴とする請求項33に記載の通信品質監視プログラム。
- 前記輻輳時閾値算出処理が、セッション制御の輻輳制御のモデル式に基づいて劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出する処理を行うことを特徴とする請求項32に記載の通信品質監視プログラム。
- 前記非輻輳時閾値算出処理が、輻輳状態ではない場合、通信品質の劣化時に所定時間以上の間隔におけるバッファ長の変化が単調増加の傾向を示すことを利用して、劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出する処理を行うことを特徴とする請求項31に記載の通信品質監視プログラム。
- 前記非輻輳時閾値算出処理が、非輻輳と判断した時点におけるバッファ長を用いて劣化を判断するための前記閾値を算出する処理を行うことを特徴とする請求項36に記載の通信品質監視プログラム。
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US13/141,366 US8929212B2 (en) | 2008-12-25 | 2009-12-18 | Communication quality monitoring device, communication system, communication quality monitoring method and program thereof |
JP2010544034A JP5299794B2 (ja) | 2008-12-25 | 2009-12-18 | 通信品質監視装置、通信システム、通信品質監視方法及びそのプログラム |
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WO2017159520A1 (ja) * | 2016-03-14 | 2017-09-21 | 日本電気株式会社 | ネットワーク通信品質計測システム、ネットワーク通信品質計測方法および記録媒体 |
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EP2754258A1 (en) * | 2011-09-07 | 2014-07-16 | ConteXtream Ltd. | Optimization of the transmission control protocol particularly for wireless connections |
AU2012392162A1 (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2015-04-30 | Adaptive Spectrum And Signal Alignment, Inc. | Method and system for latency measurement in communication systems |
CA2887576C (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2018-11-13 | Adaptive Spectrum And Signal Alignment, Inc. | Method and system for connectivity diagnostics in communication systems |
CA2920122A1 (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2015-02-12 | Ricoh Company, Limited | Program, communication quality estimation method, information processing apparatus, communication quality estimation system, and storage medium |
EP2871795A1 (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2015-05-13 | MyOmega System Technologies GmbH | Method and controller for controlling at least one load |
CN104581821B (zh) * | 2015-01-28 | 2018-03-20 | 湘潭大学 | 基于节点缓存长度公平分配速率的拥塞控制方法 |
KR102480856B1 (ko) * | 2016-06-17 | 2022-12-23 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 블루투스 기반의 무선 통신 시스템에서 스트리밍 데이터의 통신 방법 및 장치 |
US11582537B2 (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2023-02-14 | Inscape Data, Inc. | Dynamic content serving using a media device |
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US8929212B2 (en) | 2015-01-06 |
JPWO2010073979A1 (ja) | 2012-06-14 |
JP5299794B2 (ja) | 2013-09-25 |
US20110255437A1 (en) | 2011-10-20 |
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