WO2010072827A1 - Basic arch module for a tunnel casing device, and tunnel casing device - Google Patents

Basic arch module for a tunnel casing device, and tunnel casing device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010072827A1
WO2010072827A1 PCT/EP2009/067895 EP2009067895W WO2010072827A1 WO 2010072827 A1 WO2010072827 A1 WO 2010072827A1 EP 2009067895 W EP2009067895 W EP 2009067895W WO 2010072827 A1 WO2010072827 A1 WO 2010072827A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
elementary
hanger
series
formwork
coupling means
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Application number
PCT/EP2009/067895
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French (fr)
Inventor
Minas Melkonian
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Minas Melkonian
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Publication date
Application filed by Minas Melkonian filed Critical Minas Melkonian
Publication of WO2010072827A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010072827A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
    • E21D11/102—Removable shuttering; Bearing or supporting devices therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an elementary hanger module for a formwork device of tunnels and / or underground galleries and such a formwork device of tunnels and / or underground galleries.
  • the formwork devices of tunnels and / or underground galleries are in the form of a tool comprising two or three elements of monocoque formwork hinged together to allow to bring the formwork device to the casting site, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, to achieve stripping by stripping.
  • These formwork elements are generally bulky, heavy steel and made to measure metal parts for a given site. Manufactured in the factory, these formwork elements are brought by road to the site, which requires heavy logistics. In addition, once the site is completed, the formwork elements are discarded.
  • an elementary hanger module for a formwork device for tunnels and / or underground galleries comprising a beam element of determined length comprising an upper face and inclined ends relative to at a perpendicular to the upper face, and two end caps, one at each of the inclined ends, a first end cap comprising a first coupling means, a second end cap comprising a second complementary coupling means of the first coupling means, the two coupling means being arranged so as to make a pivot connection.
  • the elementary hanger module has at least one of the following characteristics: the upper face comprises reversible assembly means with an element comprising a form skin; the two inclined ends are substantially mirror-symmetrical with respect to each other; each end cap further comprises means for attaching a link; the beam element comprises additional means of assembly with complementary elements of the formwork device; and, the elementary hanger module further comprises a concrete feed pipe.
  • a formwork device for tunnels and / or underground galleries comprising a series of elementary modules of hanger having at least one of the preceding characteristics, each elementary module of hanger of the series being coupled at least one other elementary hanger module of the series by cooperation of the first coupling means of one with the second coupling means of the other.
  • the formwork device has at least one of the following characteristics: the formwork device comprises a series of links, each connecting rod of the series being fixed on two elementary modules of hanger coupled together, in order to define the angle formed between them two elementary modules hanger; the formwork device further comprises a series of elements comprising a form skin, each element comprising a casing skin of the series being reversibly assembled on the upper face of an elementary hanger module; the elements comprising a skin cooffverse are disposable; and, the elements comprising a formwork skin are made of metal material or wood.
  • FIG. 1 is a half-view in section of a tunnel of the framework of a formwork device according to the invention
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b are a view from above and a front view of an elementary hanger module according to the invention
  • Figures 3a and 3b are front and bottom detail views of the coupling of two elementary hanger modules of Figures 2a and 2b
  • Figure 4 is a front view of the elementary hanger module of Figures 2a and 2b assembled with a member having a metal form skin
  • FIG. 5 is a front view of the elementary hanger module of FIGS. 2a and 2b assembled with an element comprising a wooden form skin.
  • a formwork device for tunnels and / or Underground galleries comprises a formwork comprising a framework for supporting in position a formwork skin 31.
  • This framework comprises a series of elementary hanger modules 10,100 coupled in pairs, a series of rods 20 participating in the coupling of the elementary hanger modules together, and a series of elements 30 comprising the formwork skin 31.
  • the elementary hanger modules are coupled so as to follow a profile of a tunnel wall 1 to be made in order to be able to cast the arch, the kidneys as well as the feet of said tunnel.
  • the formwork device of tunnels and / or underground galleries according to the invention may comprise other elements such as a brace 40 fixed on two elementary modules of hanger of the series of elementary modules hanger.
  • Each elementary hanger module of the series of elementary hanger modules is assembled with an element 30 comprising the form-forming skin 31.
  • the form-forming skin 31 delimits the intrados of the wall of the tunnel to be produced.
  • the elementary hanger module 10 comprises an element 1 1 forming a beam of determined length L having an upper face 12 and a lower face 121.
  • the beam element 11 is here an IPN type beam, and in particular has an I-section.
  • the determined length L is chosen according to the diameter of the tunnel and / or the underground gallery to be made. It is the same for the section of the beam element. For example, a first length Li and a first section are chosen to be able to make tunnels having a diameter of 9 to 14 meters, is a second length L 2 , smaller than Li, and a second section are chosen for tunnels diameters less than 9 m.
  • the elementary hanger module 1 1 comprises an end cap 13, 14.
  • the end caps 13, 14 are inclined with respect to a perpendicular to the upper face 12 of the beam member 11.
  • the two end caps 13 and 14 are inclined. so that, viewed from the front, the elementary hanger module 10 has a trapezoidal shape substantially mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane perpendicular to FIG. 2b passing through an axis X substantially perpendicular to the upper face 12.
  • the upper face 12 of the beam element 11 comprises reversible assembly means 18 comprising orifices through the upper face 12 of said beam member 11.
  • the beam member 1 1 comprises additional assembly means 17 and 19 for assembly with complementary elements of the formwork device of tunnels and / or underground galleries according to the invention, such as sleepers or sleepers. braces of rigidity.
  • the assembly means 17 are located on the side of the beam member 1 1, while the assembly means 19 having through holes are provided on the lower face 121 of the beam member 11 .
  • the end caps 13 and 14 each comprise coupling means 15 and 16 which are here complementary to each other.
  • the coupling means 15 and 16 each have two parallel pans substantially relative to each other, projecting substantially perpendicularly from the end cap 13,14.
  • These coupling means 15 and 16 are complementary to each other in the sense that the two flanges forming the coupling means 16 are separated from one another so as to be able to receive between them the two flanges forming the coupling means 15, during a coupling of two elementary modules of hanger 10 between them as we will see later.
  • the coupling means 15 and 16 comprise a through-orifice 152, 162.
  • the coupling means 15 and 16 each have means for attaching a link 151, 161.
  • FIGs 3a and 3b we will now describe the coupling of two elementary modules of hanger 10 between them according to the invention.
  • the operator makes penetrate between the flanges of the coupling means 16 of one of the elementary modules of the hanger 10 the flanges forming the coupling means 15 of the other elementary modules hanger 10 so that the orifices 162 and 152 are positioned facing each other. Therefore, the operator introduces into these orifices a bolting.
  • the two elementary hanger modules 10 thus coupled can pivot relative to one another about the pivot connection thus made at the orifices 162, 152.
  • the operator then positions the two elementary hanger modules 10 thus coupled with each other. so that the end cap 14 of one of the elementary hanger modules 10 and the end cap 13 of the other of the elementary hanger modules 10 form an angle ⁇ determined in relation to the profile of the wall 1 of the tunnel to achieve.
  • the operator positions a rod 20 between the fastening means 161 of one of the elementary hanger modules 10 and the fastening means 151 of the other of the elementary hanger modules 10.
  • the length of the rod 20 is determined in order to maintain, during a casting, the angle ⁇ between the two elementary modules hanger 10 thus coupled.
  • This elementary hanger module 100 is of a structure similar to the elementary hanger module 10 previously described, except that the element forming a beam of this elementary hanger module 100 has a reduced length and forms the keystone of the formwork device of tunnels and / or underground galleries according to the invention.
  • this elementary hanger module 100 includes a pipe 110 for introducing, during a casting, the concrete between the wall resulting from the tunnel and / or the underground gallery and the skin formwork 31 of the formwork device of tunnels and / or underground galleries according to the invention.
  • an element 30, 300 comprising a formwork skin 31 and intended to be assembled in a reversible manner on an elementary hanger module 10 according to the invention will be described.
  • an element 30 comprising the formwork skin 31 made of metallic materials.
  • the form skin 31 is delimited by an upper face of a metal sheet 32 resting on a set of metal rafters 33 regularly distributed over a section of said metal sheet 32.
  • the chevrons 33 are positioned perpendicular to a flange 34 for positioning the element 30 comprising the casing skin 31 on the elementary hanger module 10.
  • the flange 34 comprises a set of orifices capable of being placed opposite the orifices 18 of the reversible assembly means of the elementary hanger module 10
  • a simple bolting makes it possible to reversibly fix the flange 34 on the upper face 12 of the elementary hanger module 10.
  • FIG. 5 we will describe a second embodiment of an element 300 comprising the casing skin 31.
  • This embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5 is intended for the production of tunnels and / or underground tunnels of short length. . It allows a reduced investment for the realization.
  • the element 300 comprising the formwork skin 31 is made of wood.
  • the form skin 31 is delimited by an upper face of a plywood plate 301 attached to a series of wooden rafters 302 uniformly distributed along a section of the plywood plate 301.
  • the series of chevrons 302 is themselves fixed on a joist 303 cut from a plank of wood or plywood, positioned substantially perpendicular to the series of chevrons 302 and assembled on the upper face of the elementary hanger module 10 of the same way that the flange 34 of the previous embodiment of the element 30 comprising the formwork skin 31.
  • the realization of a formwork for a formwork device of tunnels and / or underground galleries according to the invention allows on the one hand a great modularity in the realization of the frame, an adaptability to any type of sections of tunnels to achieve as well as a simplified adaptation to the pressure and arch mass loads by varying the distance between two series of elementary hanger modules.
  • the elementary hanger modules are reusable from one site to another and can be dimensioned so as to be easily manageable and transportable. Only the elements comprising the formwork skin are specific to a given site and are therefore, at the end of it, put to rebus.
  • the formwork device of tunnels and / or underground galleries according to the invention allows an investment saving with a maximum number of reusable elements.
  • a formwork device for tunnels and / or underground tunnels according to the invention is suitable for producing tunnels and chambers at great underground depths (in mines for example), accesses being made by a well having a winch or lift.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a basic arch module (10) for a tunnel casing device, comprising a beam element (11) having a predetermined length (L) with an upper surface (12) and ends inclined relative to a perpendicular to said upper surface, and two end flanges (13, 14), one at each inclined end, the first end flange (13) including a first coupling means (15), the second end flange (14) including a second coupling means (16) complementary to the first coupling means, the first and second coupling means being arranged so as to define a pivot link. The tunnel casing device includes a series of basic arch modules (10).

Description

MODULE ELEMENTAIRE DE CINTRE POUR DISPOSITIF DE COFFRAGE DE TUNNELS ET DISPOSITIF DE COFFRAGE DE TUNNELS ELEMENTARY HANGER MODULE FOR TUNNEL FORMWORK DEVICE AND TUNNEL FORMWORK DEVICE
L'invention concerne un module élémentaire de cintre pour un dispositif de coffrage de tunnels et/ou de galeries souterraines ainsi qu'un tel dispositif de coffrage de tunnels et/ou de galeries souterraines.The invention relates to an elementary hanger module for a formwork device of tunnels and / or underground galleries and such a formwork device of tunnels and / or underground galleries.
Actuellement, les dispositifs de coffrages de tunnels et/ou de galeries souterraines se présentent sous la forme d'un outillage comportant deux ou trois éléments de coffrages monocoques articulés entre eux afin de permettre d'amener le dispositif de coffrage sur le lieu de coulée, d'une part, et, d'autre part, de réaliser le décoffrage par décintrement. Ces éléments de coffrage sont des pièces métalliques en acier généralement volumineuses, lourdes et réalisées sur mesure pour un chantier donné. Fabriqués en usine, ces éléments de coffrage sont amenés par la route sur le chantier, ce qui nécessite une logistique lourde. De plus, une fois le chantier terminé, les éléments de coffrage sont mis au rebuts.Currently, the formwork devices of tunnels and / or underground galleries are in the form of a tool comprising two or three elements of monocoque formwork hinged together to allow to bring the formwork device to the casting site, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, to achieve stripping by stripping. These formwork elements are generally bulky, heavy steel and made to measure metal parts for a given site. Manufactured in the factory, these formwork elements are brought by road to the site, which requires heavy logistics. In addition, once the site is completed, the formwork elements are discarded.
Il y a donc nécessité de réaliser un coffrage pour un dispositif de coffrage de tunnels et/ou de galerie souterraine qui soit beaucoup plus maniable, plus rationnel et dont un nombre maximal d'éléments soient réutilisable d'un chantier à un autre.There is therefore a need for a formwork for a formwork tunnel and / or underground tunnel that is much more manageable, more rational and a maximum number of elements are reusable from one site to another.
A cet effet, il est prévu, selon l'invention, un module élémentaire de cintre destiné à un dispositif de coffrage de tunnels et/ou de galeries souterraines comportant un élément formant poutre de longueur déterminée comprenant une face supérieure et des extrémités inclinées par rapport à une perpendiculaire à la face supérieure, et deux chapes d'extrémité, une à chacune des extrémités inclinées, une première chape d'extrémité comprenant un premier moyen d'accouplement, une deuxième chape d'extrémité comprenant un deuxième moyen d'accouplement complémentaire du premier moyen d'accouplement, les deux moyens d'accouplement étant agencés de sorte à pouvoir réaliser une liaison pivot. Ainsi, l'utilisation de modules élémentaires de cintre va permettre, de manière très modulaire, de réaliser une ossature pour un dispositif de coffrage de tunnels et/ou de galeries souterraines simplement. La longueur déterminée de ces modules est choisie pour permettre un transport et un stockage simple ne nécessitant pas de logistiques lourdes. De plus, ces modules élémentaires de cintre sont utilisables d'un chantier à un autre. Enfin, une ossature de coffrage ainsi réalisée permet l'utilisation d'éléments consommables comprenant une peau coffrante, propres à un chantier donné, présentant des dimensions équivalentes à celle du module élémentaire de cintre, donc très maniables et simples à transporter, à stocker et à mettre au rebut.For this purpose, there is provided, according to the invention, an elementary hanger module for a formwork device for tunnels and / or underground galleries comprising a beam element of determined length comprising an upper face and inclined ends relative to at a perpendicular to the upper face, and two end caps, one at each of the inclined ends, a first end cap comprising a first coupling means, a second end cap comprising a second complementary coupling means of the first coupling means, the two coupling means being arranged so as to make a pivot connection. Thus, the use of elementary modules hanger will allow, in a very modular way, to achieve a framework for a tunnel formwork device and / or underground galleries simply. The determined length of these modules is chosen to allow simple transport and storage that does not require heavy logistics. In addition, these elementary hanger modules can be used from one site to another. Finally, a formwork frame thus produced allows the use of consumable elements comprising a formwork skin, specific to a given site, having dimensions equivalent to that of the elementary hanger module, so very manageable and simple to transport, store and to be discarded.
Avantageusement, mais facultativement, le module élémentaire de cintre présente au moins l'une des caractéristiques suivantes : la face supérieure comporte des moyens d'assemblage réversible avec un élément comportant une peau coffrante ; les deux extrémités inclinées sont sensiblement symétriques en miroir l'une par rapport à l'autre ; chacune des chapes d'extrémité comportent en outre des moyens de fixations d'une biellette ; l'élément formant poutre comporte des moyens supplémentaires d'assemblage avec des éléments complémentaires du dispositif de coffrage ; et, le module élémentaire de cintre comporte en outre une pipe d'alimentation en béton.Advantageously, but optionally, the elementary hanger module has at least one of the following characteristics: the upper face comprises reversible assembly means with an element comprising a form skin; the two inclined ends are substantially mirror-symmetrical with respect to each other; each end cap further comprises means for attaching a link; the beam element comprises additional means of assembly with complementary elements of the formwork device; and, the elementary hanger module further comprises a concrete feed pipe.
Il est aussi prévu, selon l'invention, un dispositif de coffrage de tunnels et/ou de galeries souterraines comportant une série de modules élémentaires de cintre présentant au moins l'une des caractéristiques précédentes, chaque module élémentaire de cintre de la série étant accouplé à au moins un autre module élémentaire de cintre de la série par coopération du premier moyen d'accouplement de l'un avec le deuxième moyen d'accouplement de l'autre. Avantageusement, mais facultativement, le dispositif de coffrage présente au moins l'une des caractéristiques suivantes : le dispositif de coffrage comporte une série de biellettes, chaque biellette de la série étant fixée sur deux modules élémentaires de cintre accouplés entre eux, afin de définir l'angle que forment entre eux les deux modules élémentaires de cintre ; le dispositif de coffrage comporte en outre une série d'éléments comportant une peau coffrante, chaque élément comportant une peau coffrante de la série étant assemblé de manière réversible sur la face supérieure d'un module élémentaire de cintre ; les éléments comportant une peau cofffrante sont jetables ; et, les éléments comportant une peau coffrante sont réalisés en matériau métallique ou en bois.It is also envisaged, according to the invention, a formwork device for tunnels and / or underground galleries comprising a series of elementary modules of hanger having at least one of the preceding characteristics, each elementary module of hanger of the series being coupled at least one other elementary hanger module of the series by cooperation of the first coupling means of one with the second coupling means of the other. Advantageously, but optionally, the formwork device has at least one of the following characteristics: the formwork device comprises a series of links, each connecting rod of the series being fixed on two elementary modules of hanger coupled together, in order to define the angle formed between them two elementary modules hanger; the formwork device further comprises a series of elements comprising a form skin, each element comprising a casing skin of the series being reversibly assembled on the upper face of an elementary hanger module; the elements comprising a skin coofffrante are disposable; and, the elements comprising a formwork skin are made of metal material or wood.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront lors de la description ci-après d'un mode de réalisation préféré. Aux dessins annexés : la figure 1 est une demi-vue en section d'un tunnel de l'ossature d'un dispositif de coffrage selon l'invention ; les figures 2a et 2b sont une vue de dessus et une vue de face d'un module élémentaire de cintre selon l'invention ; les figures 3a et 3 b sont des vues de détail de face et de dessous de l'accouplement de deux modules élémentaires de cintre des figures 2a et 2b ; la figure 4 est une vue de face du module élémentaire de cintre des figure 2a et 2b assemblé avec un élément comportant une peau de coffrage métallique ; et, la figure 5 est une vue de face du module élémentaire de cintre des figure 2a et 2b assemblé avec un élément comportant une peau de coffrage en bois.Other features and advantages of the invention will appear in the description below of a preferred embodiment. In the accompanying drawings: FIG. 1 is a half-view in section of a tunnel of the framework of a formwork device according to the invention; FIGS. 2a and 2b are a view from above and a front view of an elementary hanger module according to the invention; Figures 3a and 3b are front and bottom detail views of the coupling of two elementary hanger modules of Figures 2a and 2b; Figure 4 is a front view of the elementary hanger module of Figures 2a and 2b assembled with a member having a metal form skin; and FIG. 5 is a front view of the elementary hanger module of FIGS. 2a and 2b assembled with an element comprising a wooden form skin.
En référence aux figures annexées, nous allons décrire un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention. Un dispositif de coffrage de tunnels et/ou de galeries souterraines selon l'invention comporte un coffrage comprenant une ossature permettant de soutenir en position une peau de coffrage 31 . Cette ossature comporte une série de modules élémentaires de cintre 10,100 accouplés deux à deux, une série de biellettes 20 participant à l'accouplement des modules élémentaires de cintre entre eux, ainsi qu'une série d'éléments 30 comportant la peau de coffrage 31 . Les modules élémentaires de cintre sont accouplés de sorte à suivre un profil d'une paroi 1 de tunnel à réaliser afin de pouvoir couler la voûte, les reins ainsi que les pieddroits dudit tunnel. Le dispositif de coffrage de tunnels et/ou de galeries souterraines selon l'invention peut comporter d'autres éléments comme un contreventement 40 fixé sur deux modules élémentaires de cintre de la série de modules élémentaires de cintre. Chaque module élémentaire de cintre de la série de modules élémentaires de cintre est assemblé avec un élément 30 comportant la peau coffrante 31. La peau coffrante 31 délimite l'intrados de la paroi du tunnel à réaliser.With reference to the appended figures, we will describe a preferred embodiment of the invention. A formwork device for tunnels and / or Underground galleries according to the invention comprises a formwork comprising a framework for supporting in position a formwork skin 31. This framework comprises a series of elementary hanger modules 10,100 coupled in pairs, a series of rods 20 participating in the coupling of the elementary hanger modules together, and a series of elements 30 comprising the formwork skin 31. The elementary hanger modules are coupled so as to follow a profile of a tunnel wall 1 to be made in order to be able to cast the arch, the kidneys as well as the feet of said tunnel. The formwork device of tunnels and / or underground galleries according to the invention may comprise other elements such as a brace 40 fixed on two elementary modules of hanger of the series of elementary modules hanger. Each elementary hanger module of the series of elementary hanger modules is assembled with an element 30 comprising the form-forming skin 31. The form-forming skin 31 delimits the intrados of the wall of the tunnel to be produced.
En référence aux figures 2a et 2b, nous allons décrire en détail un module élémentaire de cintre 10 selon l'invention. Le module élémentaire de cintre 10 comprend un élément 1 1 formant poutre de longueur déterminée L présentant une face supérieure 12 et une face inférieure 121 . L'élément formant poutre 11 est, ici, une poutre de type IPN, et, en particulier, présente une section en I. La longueur déterminée L est choisie selon le diamètre du tunnel et/ou de la galerie souterraine à réaliser. Il en est de même pour la section de l'élément formant poutre. Par exemple, un première longueur Li et une première section sont choisies pour pouvoir réaliser des tunnels présentant un diamètre de 9 à 14 mètres, est une deuxième longueur L2, plus petite que Li , ainsi qu'une deuxième section sont choisies pour des tunnels de diamètres inférieures à 9 m.Referring to Figures 2a and 2b, we will describe in detail an elementary module hanger 10 according to the invention. The elementary hanger module 10 comprises an element 1 1 forming a beam of determined length L having an upper face 12 and a lower face 121. The beam element 11 is here an IPN type beam, and in particular has an I-section. The determined length L is chosen according to the diameter of the tunnel and / or the underground gallery to be made. It is the same for the section of the beam element. For example, a first length Li and a first section are chosen to be able to make tunnels having a diameter of 9 to 14 meters, is a second length L 2 , smaller than Li, and a second section are chosen for tunnels diameters less than 9 m.
A chacune de ces extrémités, le module élémentaire de cintre 1 1 comporte une chape d'extrémité 13,14. Ici, les chapes d'extrémité 13,14 sont inclinées par rapport à une perpendiculaire à la face supérieure 12 de l'élément formant poutre 1 1 . Selon le mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention illustrée sur la figure 2b, les deux chapes d'extrémité 13 et 14 sont inclinées de sorte que, vu de face, le module élémentaire de cintre 10 présente une forme trapézoïdale sensiblement symétrique en miroir par rapport à un plan perpendiculaire à la figure 2b passant par un axe X sensiblement perpendiculaire à la face supérieure 12. La face supérieure 12 de l'élément formant poutre 11 comporte des moyens d'assemblage réversible 18 comprenant des orifices traversants la face supérieure 12 dudit élément formant poutre 1 1 . Ces orifices traversants sont aptes à recevoir une boulonnerie qui permet l'assemblage sur le module élémentaire de cintre 10 d'un élément 30 comportant une peau de coffrage 31 , comme cela sera détaillé ultérieurement. En outre, l'élément formant poutre 1 1 comporte des moyens d'assemblage supplémentaires 17 et 19 permettant l'assemblage avec des éléments complémentaires du dispositif de coffrage de tunnels et/ou de galeries souterraines selon l'invention, comme des traverses ou des croisillons de rigidité. En particulier, les moyens d'assemblage 17 sont situés sur le flanc de l'élément formant poutre 1 1 , alors que les moyens d'assemblage 19 comportant des orifices traversant sont prévus sur la face inférieure 121 de l'élément formant poutre 1 1 .At each of these ends, the elementary hanger module 1 1 comprises an end cap 13, 14. Here, the end caps 13, 14 are inclined with respect to a perpendicular to the upper face 12 of the beam member 11. According to the preferred embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 2b, the two end caps 13 and 14 are inclined. so that, viewed from the front, the elementary hanger module 10 has a trapezoidal shape substantially mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane perpendicular to FIG. 2b passing through an axis X substantially perpendicular to the upper face 12. The upper face 12 of the beam element 11 comprises reversible assembly means 18 comprising orifices through the upper face 12 of said beam member 11. These through orifices are able to receive a bolting which allows assembly on the elementary module hanger 10 of an element 30 having a formwork skin 31, as will be detailed later. In addition, the beam member 1 1 comprises additional assembly means 17 and 19 for assembly with complementary elements of the formwork device of tunnels and / or underground galleries according to the invention, such as sleepers or sleepers. braces of rigidity. In particular, the assembly means 17 are located on the side of the beam member 1 1, while the assembly means 19 having through holes are provided on the lower face 121 of the beam member 11 .
Les chapes d'extrémités 13 et 14 comprennent chacune des moyens d'accouplement 15 et 16 qui sont, ici, complémentaires l'un de l'autre. Les moyens d'accouplement 15 et 16 présentent chacun deux flaques parallèles sensiblement l'un par rapport l'autre, s'étendant en saillie de manière sensiblement perpendiculaire de la chape d'extrémité 13,14. Ces moyens d'accouplement 15 et 16 sont complémentaires l'un de l'autre dans le sens où les deux flasques formant le moyen d'accouplement 16 sont séparés l'un de l'autre de sorte à pouvoir recevoir entre eux les deux flasques formant les moyens d'accouplement 15, lors d'un accouplement de deux modules élémentaires de cintre 10 entre eux comme nous le verrons ultérieurement. Au voisinage de la face supérieure 12 de l'élément formant poutre 1 1 , les moyens d'accouplement 15 et 16 comportent un orifice traversant respectivement 152, 162. Au voisinage de la face inférieure 121 de l'élément formant poutre 1 1 , les moyens d'accouplement 15 et 16 présente chacun des moyens de fixation d'une biellette 151 , 161. En référence aux figures 3a et 3b, nous allons maintenant décrire l'accouplement de deux modules élémentaires de cintre 10 entre eux selon l'invention. Lors de l'assemblage de deux modules élémentaires de cintre 10 entre eux, l'opérateur fait pénétrer entre les flasques du moyen d'accouplement 16 de l'un des modules élémentaires de cintre 10 les flasques formant le moyen d'accouplement 15 de l'autre des modules élémentaires de cintre 10 de sorte que les orifices 162 et 152 soient positionnés en regard l'un de l'autre. Dès lors, l'opérateur introduit dans ces orifices une boulonnerie. Les deux modules élémentaires de cintre 10 ainsi accouplés peuvent pivoter l'un par rapport à l'autre autour de la liaison pivot ainsi réalisée au niveau des orifices 162, 152. L'opérateur positionne alors les deux modules élémentaires de cintre 10 ainsi accouplés de sorte que la chape d'extrémité 14 de l'un des modules élémentaires de cintre 10 et la chape d'extrémité 13 de l'autre des modules élémentaires de cintre 10 forme un angle α déterminé en relation avec le profil de la paroi 1 du tunnel à réaliser. Une fois cet angle α défini, l'opérateur positionne une biellette 20 entre les moyens de fixation 161 de l'un des modules élémentaires de cintre 10 et les moyens de fixation 151 de l'autre des modules élémentaires de cintre 10. La longueur de la biellette 20 est déterminée afin de maintenir, lors d'une coulée, l'angle α entre les deux modules élémentaires de cintre 10 ainsi accouplés.The end caps 13 and 14 each comprise coupling means 15 and 16 which are here complementary to each other. The coupling means 15 and 16 each have two parallel pans substantially relative to each other, projecting substantially perpendicularly from the end cap 13,14. These coupling means 15 and 16 are complementary to each other in the sense that the two flanges forming the coupling means 16 are separated from one another so as to be able to receive between them the two flanges forming the coupling means 15, during a coupling of two elementary modules of hanger 10 between them as we will see later. In the vicinity of the upper face 12 of the beam member 11, the coupling means 15 and 16 comprise a through-orifice 152, 162. In the vicinity of the lower face 121 of the beam member 11, the coupling means 15 and 16 each have means for attaching a link 151, 161. Referring to Figures 3a and 3b, we will now describe the coupling of two elementary modules of hanger 10 between them according to the invention. During the assembly of two elementary modules of hanger 10 between them, the operator makes penetrate between the flanges of the coupling means 16 of one of the elementary modules of the hanger 10 the flanges forming the coupling means 15 of the other elementary modules hanger 10 so that the orifices 162 and 152 are positioned facing each other. Therefore, the operator introduces into these orifices a bolting. The two elementary hanger modules 10 thus coupled can pivot relative to one another about the pivot connection thus made at the orifices 162, 152. The operator then positions the two elementary hanger modules 10 thus coupled with each other. so that the end cap 14 of one of the elementary hanger modules 10 and the end cap 13 of the other of the elementary hanger modules 10 form an angle α determined in relation to the profile of the wall 1 of the tunnel to achieve. Once this angle α has been defined, the operator positions a rod 20 between the fastening means 161 of one of the elementary hanger modules 10 and the fastening means 151 of the other of the elementary hanger modules 10. The length of the rod 20 is determined in order to maintain, during a casting, the angle α between the two elementary modules hanger 10 thus coupled.
De nouveau en référence à la figure 1 , nous allons décrire un module élémentaire de cintre particulier référencé 100. Ce module élémentaire de cintre 100 est d'une structure similaire au module élémentaire de cintre 10 précédemment décrit si ce n'est que l'élément formant poutre de ce module élémentaire de cintre 100 présente une longueur réduite et forme la clef de voûte du dispositif de coffrage de tunnels et/ou de galeries souterraines selon l'invention. D'autre part, ce module élémentaire de cintre 100 comporte une pipe 110 permettant d'introduire, lors d'une coulée, le béton entre la paroi issue du percement du tunnel et/ou de la galerie souterraine et la peau coffrante 31 du dispositif de coffrage de tunnels et/ou de galeries souterraines selon l'invention.Referring again to FIG. 1, we will describe a particular elementary hanger module referenced 100. This elementary hanger module 100 is of a structure similar to the elementary hanger module 10 previously described, except that the element forming a beam of this elementary hanger module 100 has a reduced length and forms the keystone of the formwork device of tunnels and / or underground galleries according to the invention. On the other hand, this elementary hanger module 100 includes a pipe 110 for introducing, during a casting, the concrete between the wall resulting from the tunnel and / or the underground gallery and the skin formwork 31 of the formwork device of tunnels and / or underground galleries according to the invention.
Maintenant, en référence aux figures 4 et 5, nous allons décrire deux modes de réalisation d'un élément 30, 300 comportant une peau de coffrage 31 et destiné à être assemblé de manière réversible sur un module élémentaire de cintre 10 selon l'invention. En référence à la figure 4, nous allons décrire un élément 30 comportant la peau coffrante 31 réalisée en matériaux métalliques. La peau coffrante 31 est délimitée par une face supérieure d'une feuille métallique 32 reposant sur un ensemble de chevrons métalliques 33 régulièrement réparti sur une section de ladite feuille métallique 32. Les chevrons 33 sont positionnés de manière perpendiculaire à un flasque 34 permettant de positionner l'élément 30 comportant la peau coffrante 31 sur le module élémentaire de cintre 10. Pour cela, le flasque 34 comporte un ensemble d'orifices apte à être mis en regard des orifices 18 des moyens d'assemblage réversibles du module élémentaire de cintre 10. Un simple boulonnage permet de fixer de manière réversible le flasque 34 sur la face supérieure 12 du module élémentaire de cintre 10.Now, with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, two embodiments of an element 30, 300 comprising a formwork skin 31 and intended to be assembled in a reversible manner on an elementary hanger module 10 according to the invention will be described. With reference to FIG. 4, we will describe an element 30 comprising the formwork skin 31 made of metallic materials. The form skin 31 is delimited by an upper face of a metal sheet 32 resting on a set of metal rafters 33 regularly distributed over a section of said metal sheet 32. The chevrons 33 are positioned perpendicular to a flange 34 for positioning the element 30 comprising the casing skin 31 on the elementary hanger module 10. For this, the flange 34 comprises a set of orifices capable of being placed opposite the orifices 18 of the reversible assembly means of the elementary hanger module 10 A simple bolting makes it possible to reversibly fix the flange 34 on the upper face 12 of the elementary hanger module 10.
En référence à la figure 5, nous allons décrire un deuxième mode de réalisation d'un élément 300 comportant la peau coffrante 31. Ce mode de réalisation illustré en figure 5 est destiné à la réalisation de tunnels et/ou de galeries souterraines de faible longueur. Il permet un investissement réduit pour la réalisation. Pour cela, l'élément 300 comportant la peau coffrante 31 est réalisée en bois. La peau coffrante 31 est délimitée par une face supérieure d'une plaque de contre-plaqué 301 fixée sur une série de chevrons 302 en bois uniformément répartis le long d'une section de la plaque de contre-plaqué 301 . La série de chevrons 302 est elles-mêmes fixée sur une solive 303 découpée dans une planche de bois ou de contre- plaqué, positionnée sensiblement perpendiculaire à la série de chevrons 302 et assemblée sur la face supérieure du module élémentaire de cintre 10 de la même manière que le flasque 34 du mode de réalisation précédent de l'élément 30 comportant la peau coffrante 31 . La réalisation d'un coffrage pour un dispositif de coffrage de tunnels et/ou de galeries souterraines selon l'invention permet d'une part une grande modularité dans la réalisation de l'ossature, une adaptabilité à tout type de sections de tunnels à réaliser ainsi qu'une adaptation simplifiée aux charges de pression et masse de voûte en jouant sur l'écartement entre deux séries de modules élémentaires de cintre. Ainsi les modules élémentaires de cintre sont réemployables d'un chantier à l'autre et peuvent être dimensionnés de manière à être facilement maniables et transportables. Seuls les éléments comportant la peau coffrante sont propres à un chantier donné et sont donc, à la fin de celui-ci, mis au rébus. Ainsi le dispositif de coffrage de tunnels et/ou de galeries souterraines selon l'invention permet une économie d'investissement en comportant un nombre maximal d'éléments réutilisables. En particulier, un dispositif de coffrage de tunnels et/ou de galeries souterraines selon l'invention est adapté à la réalisation de galeries et de chambres en grandes profondeurs souterraines (dans les mines par exemple), les accès étant réalisés par un puits comportant un treuil ou un ascenseur.With reference to FIG. 5, we will describe a second embodiment of an element 300 comprising the casing skin 31. This embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5 is intended for the production of tunnels and / or underground tunnels of short length. . It allows a reduced investment for the realization. For this, the element 300 comprising the formwork skin 31 is made of wood. The form skin 31 is delimited by an upper face of a plywood plate 301 attached to a series of wooden rafters 302 uniformly distributed along a section of the plywood plate 301. The series of chevrons 302 is themselves fixed on a joist 303 cut from a plank of wood or plywood, positioned substantially perpendicular to the series of chevrons 302 and assembled on the upper face of the elementary hanger module 10 of the same way that the flange 34 of the previous embodiment of the element 30 comprising the formwork skin 31. The realization of a formwork for a formwork device of tunnels and / or underground galleries according to the invention allows on the one hand a great modularity in the realization of the frame, an adaptability to any type of sections of tunnels to achieve as well as a simplified adaptation to the pressure and arch mass loads by varying the distance between two series of elementary hanger modules. Thus the elementary hanger modules are reusable from one site to another and can be dimensioned so as to be easily manageable and transportable. Only the elements comprising the formwork skin are specific to a given site and are therefore, at the end of it, put to rebus. Thus the formwork device of tunnels and / or underground galleries according to the invention allows an investment saving with a maximum number of reusable elements. In particular, a formwork device for tunnels and / or underground tunnels according to the invention is suitable for producing tunnels and chambers at great underground depths (in mines for example), accesses being made by a well having a winch or lift.
Bien entendu, il est possible d'apporter à l'invention de nombreuses modifications sans sortir du cadre de celle-ci. Of course, it is possible to bring to the invention many modifications without departing from the scope thereof.

Claims

Revendications claims
1. Module élémentaire de cintre (10 ;100) destiné à un dispositif de coffrage de tunnels et/ou de galeries souterraines caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un élément formant poutre (11 ) de longueur déterminée (L) comprenant une face supérieure (12) et des extrémités inclinées par rapport à une perpendiculaire à la face supérieure, et deux chapes d'extrémité (13,14), une à chacune des extrémités inclinées, une première chape d'extrémité (13) comprenant un premier moyen d'accouplement (15), une deuxième chape d'extrémité (14) comprenant un deuxième moyen d'accouplement (16) complémentaire du premier moyen d'accouplement, les deux moyens d'accouplement étant agencés de sorte à pouvoir réaliser une liaison pivot.1. elementary hanger module (10; 100) intended for a formwork device for tunnels and / or underground galleries, characterized in that it comprises a beam element (11) of determined length (L) comprising an upper face ( 12) and ends inclined relative to a perpendicular to the upper face, and two end caps (13,14), one at each of the inclined ends, a first end cap (13) comprising a first means of coupling (15), a second end cap (14) comprising a second coupling means (16) complementary to the first coupling means, the two coupling means being arranged so as to be able to make a pivot connection.
2. Module élémentaire de cintre selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que la face supérieure comporte des moyens d'assemblage réversible (18) avec un élément (30 ; 300) comportant une peau coffrante (31 ).2. elementary hanger module according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper face comprises reversible assembly means (18) with a member (30; 300) having a form skin (31).
3. Module élémentaire de cintre selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les deux extrémités inclinées sont sensiblement symétriques en miroir l'une par rapport à l'autre.3. elementary hanger module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the two inclined ends are substantially mirror symmetrical with respect to each other.
4. Module élémentaire de cintre selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que chacune des chapes d'extrémité comportent en outre des moyens de fixations (151 ,161 ) d'une biellette (20).4. elementary hanger module according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each of the end caps further comprise fastening means (151, 161) of a rod (20).
5. Module élémentaire de cintre selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'élément formant poutre comporte des moyens supplémentaires d'assemblage (17,19) avec des éléments complémentaires du dispositif de coffrage.5. elementary hanger module according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the beam member comprises additional assembly means (17,19) with complementary elements of the formwork device.
6. Module élémentaire de cintre selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre une pipe d'alimentation en béton (110).6. elementary hanger module according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it further comprises a concrete supply pipe (110).
7. Dispositif de coffrage de tunnels et/ou de galeries souterraines, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une série de modules élémentaires de cintre (10 ;100) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, chaque module élémentaire de cintre de la série étant accouplé à au moins un autre module élémentaire de cintre de la série par coopération du premier moyen d'accouplement de l'un avec le deuxième moyen d'accouplement de l'autre.7. Formwork device for tunnels and / or underground tunnels, characterized in that it comprises a series of elementary modules hanger (10; 100) according to one of claims 1 to 6, each elementary module hanger of the series being coupled to at least one other elementary hanger module of the series by cooperation of the first coupling means of the one with the second coupling means of the other.
8. Dispositif de coffrage selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une série de biellettes, chaque biellette (20) de la série étant fixée sur deux modules élémentaires de cintre accouplés entre eux, afin de définir un angle (α) que forment entre eux les deux modules élémentaires de cintre.8. shuttering device according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises a series of rods, each rod (20) of the series being fixed on two elementary modules hanger coupled together, to define an angle (α) that form between them the two elementary modules of hanger.
9. Dispositif de coffrage selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre une série d'éléments (30 ;300) comportant une peau coffrante (31 ), chaque élément comportant une peau coffrante de la série est assemblé de manière réversible sur la face supérieure d'un module élémentaire de cintre.9. shuttering device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that it further comprises a series of elements (30; 300) having a form skin (31), each element comprising a casing skin of the series is assembled reversibly on the upper face of an elementary hanger module.
10. Dispositif de coffrage selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les éléments comportant une peau cofffrante sont jetables.10. Formwork device according to claim 9, characterized in that the elements comprising a coofffrante skin are disposable.
11. Dispositif selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que les éléments comportant une peau coffrante sont réalisés en matériau métallique ou en bois. 11. Device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the elements comprising a formwork skin are made of metal material or wood.
PCT/EP2009/067895 2008-12-23 2009-12-23 Basic arch module for a tunnel casing device, and tunnel casing device WO2010072827A1 (en)

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FR0859026 2008-12-23
FR0859026A FR2940349B1 (en) 2008-12-23 2008-12-23 ELEMENTARY HANGER MODULE FOR TUNNEL FORMWORK DEVICE AND TUNNEL FORMWORK DEVICE

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1219288A (en) * 1958-12-22 1960-05-17 Pour La France Et L Etranger S Improvements to tunnel formwork processes and devices for implementation
DE3242414A1 (en) * 1982-11-16 1984-05-17 Ernst 7703 Rielasingen-Worblingen Voss Device with an arcaded arch or the like as template for arched building elements
FR2752013A1 (en) * 1996-07-30 1998-02-06 Parra Robert Curved coffering ring for tunnel

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1219288A (en) * 1958-12-22 1960-05-17 Pour La France Et L Etranger S Improvements to tunnel formwork processes and devices for implementation
DE3242414A1 (en) * 1982-11-16 1984-05-17 Ernst 7703 Rielasingen-Worblingen Voss Device with an arcaded arch or the like as template for arched building elements
FR2752013A1 (en) * 1996-07-30 1998-02-06 Parra Robert Curved coffering ring for tunnel

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FR2940349B1 (en) 2011-03-04

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