WO2010072172A1 - 喷射导流防淤方法 - Google Patents

喷射导流防淤方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010072172A1
WO2010072172A1 PCT/CN2009/076032 CN2009076032W WO2010072172A1 WO 2010072172 A1 WO2010072172 A1 WO 2010072172A1 CN 2009076032 W CN2009076032 W CN 2009076032W WO 2010072172 A1 WO2010072172 A1 WO 2010072172A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pipe
injection
water
main
manifold
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PCT/CN2009/076032
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
卢如年
Original Assignee
Lu Runian
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Publication date
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Publication of WO2010072172A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010072172A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
    • E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
    • E02F3/92—Digging elements, e.g. suction heads
    • E02F3/9206—Digging devices using blowing effect only, like jets or propellers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
    • E02B3/023—Removing sediments
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/28—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for cleaning watercourses or other ways
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for spraying and guiding silt prevention, which is applied to waters with natural water flow such as rivers, rivers and estuaries, so that mainstream water channels can be prevented from being sedimented and maintained in the mainstream waterway without change; Understand the waterway status along the water depth.
  • the navigation of a ship's navigational waterways or open rivers is most suitable. It can be used in the deep water area of artificial excavation to prevent sediment from accumulating in this area, so that the sediment can move away from the pipe network area under the action of water flow to achieve the effect of preventing siltation; the port basin of the port terminal is most suitable. Background technique
  • the dam, pick-up bank, diversion dyke and other structures used in the traditional river improvement project, after the beam flow is diverted The waterway is unevenly wide and uneven, and the flow velocity is unevenly hooked, resulting in many hidden safety hazards, poor navigation performance, low waterway grade, insufficient utilization of water resources, and weakening of the economic development along the line. Also, construction materials such as stone are scattered. In the waterway, the safety of the ship is endangered; due to the existence of these structures, the ecological environment and natural landscape of the natural river are destroyed.
  • the port of the port where the ship is docked The depth of the port is generally achieved after manual excavation. Due to the water depth and relative flow rate, the sediment is particularly likely to settle in the sediment, resulting in sedimentation in the harbor. The water depth becomes shallow, which affects the ship's berthing and even stranding. A high-level safety occurs; the cost of maintaining the water depth of the harbor is high and the ship is normally berthed and the safety of the ship is endangered during maintenance operations.
  • the purpose of the invention is as follows: 1.
  • the mainstream waterway passing through the waters such as rivers, rivers and estuaries is not subject to sedimentation and the trend of the mainstream waterways is not changed, the condition of the mainstream waterways can be monitored in real time, and the safety of the navigation is guaranteed. And continuity; to ensure the stability of flood protection and revetment; to improve the navigation capacity of natural rivers, to protect the ecological environment of natural rivers and natural landscapes.
  • Second, the port of the port terminal will not be silted up, ensuring the normal use of the port terminal and ensuring the safety of the ship.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is: A method of jet guiding and anti-silting, characterized in that an injection pipe network is laid under water, and the injection pipe network is connected with a water supply facility.
  • the jet pipe network includes at least one main pipe, and the main pipe is provided with an injection hole at a certain distance, and a water column having a certain pressure is emitted through the injection hole.
  • the main pipe is spaced apart by a certain distance, and a branch pipe is installed on both sides thereof, and an injection hole is opened in the branch pipe, and a water column having a certain pressure is injected through the injection hole.
  • the injection hole is provided with a cover that is automatically opened and closed.
  • a pressure measuring device is installed along the main pipe.
  • the jet pipe network may further include: a main pipe and a discharge pipe arranged in parallel, the main pipe is connected with the water supply facility, and the main pipe and the parallel discharge pipe are connected by a plurality of branch pipes; the main pipe and the branch pipe are sprayed The hole, through which a water column with a certain pressure is injected.
  • a valve is installed at the end of the discharge pipe to periodically discharge sediment deposited in the manifold and the branch pipe.
  • a manifold valve is mounted on the manifold to control opening and closing.
  • the invention has the main water channel for the ships in the waters such as rivers, rivers and estuaries not being sedimented by the sediment and the trend of the main water channel is not changed; the water depth along the line can be monitored in real time; the water flow of the open river channel is concentrated and arranged along the line The direction of the flow; the stability of the flood protection and revetment is more secure; the navigation capacity of the natural river is improved, the ecological environment and natural landscape of the natural river are protected; and the port of the port is not deposited by sediment.
  • the specific performance is as follows:
  • the pipeline laid at the bottom of the mainstream waterway emits a water column with a certain pressure due to the injection holes spaced apart by a certain distance.
  • the water column prevents sedimentation at the location, thereby forming a water passage and naturally concentrating the water.
  • the forming merges, the confluence is getting bigger and bigger, and the natural flushing force is getting larger and larger until the balance is reached; the confluence continuously flushes the sediment around the pipeline, and finally forms a wide waterway;
  • the position of the pipe laid is stable, so the course of the channel remains stable.
  • An electronic pressure measuring device is installed to measure the water pressure inside and outside the pipe, so that the injection can be monitored in real time, and the water depth along the line can be monitored in real time to understand the state of the waterway; also because it is more traditional than the spur dike and the dike
  • the diversion beam effect of the construction materials such as diversion dykes is good and can be replaced, and the navigation capacity of natural rivers can be improved, and the ecological environment and natural landscape of natural rivers can be protected.
  • Figure 1 shows the relative position of the monitoring center, water supply facilities, jet pipe network, water channel, etc.
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A1 of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 2
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C of Figure 1.
  • FIG. 5 is a relative position plan diagram of the monitoring center, water supply facility, jet pipe network, dock, harbor basin, port area, etc.
  • Figure 6 is an enlarged view of a portion A2 of Figure 4.
  • Figure 7 is an enlarged view of a portion A3 of Figure 6.
  • Figure 8 is an enlarged view of a portion A4 of Figure 5
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of Figure 6
  • Figure 10 is an enlarged view of a portion A5 of Figure 9.
  • Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of Figure 6
  • Figure 12 is an enlarged view of a portion A6 of Figure 11
  • the invention discloses a method for injecting and preventing sedimentation, which is to lay an injection pipe network under water, and the injection pipe network is connected with a water supply facility.
  • the jet pipe network can have various structures, and is essentially capable of stably ejecting a water column having a certain pressure.
  • One or more main pipes are laid on the bottom surface of the main flow channel, and the upper or lower part or the side surface of the main pipe is separated by a certain distance from the injection hole, and a water column with a certain pressure is injected through the injection hole; the pressure gauge is installed along the main line.
  • the water supply facilities may be various facilities capable of providing a large amount of water sources such as reservoirs, pools, deep wells, water intake pipes, transmission and distribution networks, pumping stations, and public water supply stations.
  • the water pipe 2 is connected to the water supply facility 1;
  • the water pipe 2 is equipped with a valve 2a to control the opening and closing.
  • the injection pipe network 3 includes at least one main pipe 4, and the main pipe 4 is connected to the water supply facility through the water pipe 2, and the main pipe 4 is spaced apart by a certain distance, and the injection hole 6 is opened at the upper portion thereof, and the injection hole 6 is opened.
  • the size is determined according to the design flow rate; the main pipe 4 is spaced apart by a certain distance, and the branch pipe 5 can be installed on both sides thereof, and the injection hole 6a is opened in the upper portion of the branch pipe 5, and the size of the injection hole 6a is determined according to the design flow rate; the opening of the injection holes 6 and 6a
  • the direction is such that the jet is inclined to the direction of the water flow; the cross-sectional area of the main pipe 4 is preferably 1.2 times or more of the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the injection holes 6 and 6a downstream thereof.
  • Each of the injection holes 6 and 6a is provided with cover plates 8 and 8a which are opened by pressure when the water is sprayed, and are automatically closed when the water is stopped to prevent the sediment from entering the pipe and blocking the pipe.
  • the injection pipe network 3 is installed on the bottom surface 9 of the water channel; the main pipe 4 of the injection pipe network 3 is connected to the water delivery pipe 2; the number of the main pipes 4 included in the injection pipe network 3 can be The width of the waterway is designed to be installed one or more.
  • a pipe network is laid on the bottom surface of the deep water zone, and the upper or lower part or the side of the pipe network is provided with a spray hole at a certain distance, and a water column having a certain pressure is injected through the spray hole.
  • the jet net comprises a manifold 14 and a discharge pipe 16 arranged in parallel.
  • the manifold 14 is in communication with the water supply facility 18, and the manifold 14 and the parallel discharge pipe 16 are connected by a plurality of branches. 15 connected.
  • the branch pipe 15 has injection holes 17 on both sides thereof. The size of the injection holes 17 is determined according to the design flow rate; the cross-sectional area of the manifold 14 is preferably 1.2 times or more of the total cross-sectional area of the injection holes 17 on the branch pipe 15.
  • the spacing of the branch pipe 15 is determined based on: It can ensure that the jet does not have a blind zone (the jet covers the entire range).
  • a valve 16a is installed at the end of the discharge pipe 16, and the sediment deposited in the header pipe 14 and the branch pipe 15 is periodically discharged.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)

Description

喷射导流防淤方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种喷射导流防淤方法， 应用于江、 河、 出海口等水能自然流动的 水域， 能使主流水道不被泥沙淤积和保持主流水道的走向不发生改变； 能实时监测 沿线的水深情况，了解水道状态。船舶通行的航行水道或开阔河流的引流最为适用。 应用于人工开挖的深水区内， 能阻止泥沙在该区域内沉淀， 使泥沙在水流作用下移 离管网区， 达到防淤的效果； 港口码头的港池最为适用。 背景技术
世界上的物资流动， 90%以上是依靠船舶通过水上运输来实现的， 可见， 水上 运输对国民经济和人们的生活具有多么重要的作用。
一、 水上航行的船舶， 需要有一定水深和方向的主流水道， 当自然条件不具备 时， 人们就会人工开挖出主流水道来满足船舶航行的需要， 但是这种人工开挖的主 流水道， 由于种种原因， 主流水道非常不稳定， 亦即主流水道要不很快就会被泥沙 淤积， 要不就是主流水道的走向发生改变， 使船舶不能航行或发生安全事故； 维护 主流水道的成本高且维护作业时影响船舶正常航行、 危及船舶安全； 航行水道的水 深是否发生变化、 是否会危及船舶安全航行， 随时了解航行水道的水深情况就非常 重要。
有防洪要求的河道护岸， 由于主流水道不稳定， 流向发生改变， 导致水流冲刷 河道护岸， 使护岸建筑物崩塌， 防洪失效， 危及人民生命和财产的安全。
传统的河道整治工程中采用的丁坝、 挑流堤、 导流堤等建造物， 其束流导流后 的水道宽深不均勾、流速不均勾， 导致航行安全隐患多、通航性能差、航道等级低， 水资源未充分利用， 致使带动沿线经济发展的作用减弱； 还因为石材等建筑材料流 散到水道中， 危及船舶安全； 由于这些建造物的存在， 破坏了天然河流的生态环境 和自然景观。
由此可见， 要保障船舶航行的安全和连续性， 最主要的就是防止主流水道被泥 沙淤积和防止主流水道的走向发生改变、 随时能了解航行水道的水深变化情况； 要 保障河道防洪护岸的稳定， 最主要的就是稳定主流水道的走向； 要保护天然河流的 生态环境和自然景观、 提高河流通航能力、 提高船舶航行安全， 传统的丁坝、 挑流 堤、 导流堤等建造物就应该被取代。
二、 船舶停靠的港口码头， 港池的深度一般都是经过人工开挖后才达到使用要 求的， 该区域由于水深、相对流速小， 泥沙在此特别容易沉淀， 导致港池泥沙淤积， 水深变浅， 影响船舶靠泊甚至搁浅发生安全事故； 维护港池水深的成本高且维护作 业时影响船舶正常靠泊、 危及船舶安全。
由此可见， 要保障港口码头的正常使用， 保障船舶靠港的安全， 最主要的就是 防止泥沙在港池内淤积。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于： 一、 使江、 河、 出海口等水域内船舶通行的主流水道不被 泥沙淤积和主流水道的走向不发生改变、 能实时监测主流水道的状况， 保障船舶航 行的安全和连续性； 保障防洪护岸的稳定性； 提高天然河流的通航能力、 保护天然 河流的生态环境和自然景观。 二、 使港口码头的港池不被泥沙淤积， 保障港口码头 的正常使用， 保障船舶靠港的安全。 本发明的技术解决方案是： 一种喷射导流防淤方法， 其特征在于在水下铺设喷 射管网， 喷射管网与供水设施连通。
所述的喷射管网包括至少一条主管， 该主管上间隔一定的距离开有喷射孔， 通 过喷射孔射出有一定压力的水柱。
所述的主管上间隔一定的距离， 在其两侧安装支管， 在支管上开有喷射孔， 通 过喷射孔射出有一定压力的水柱。
所述的喷射孔安装有自动开闭的盖板。 主管道上沿线安装有测压装置。
所述的喷射管网还可以是， 包括一条总管和一条平行设置的排放管， 总管与供 水设施连通， 总管和平行设置的排放管之间由多条支管连通； 总管和支管上均开有 喷射孔， 通过喷射孔射出有一定压力的水柱。
所述的排放管的末端安装有阀门， 定期排放沉淀在总管和支管内的泥沙。 所述的总管上安装有总管阀门以控制开闭。
本发明具有使江、 河、 出海口等水域内船舶通行的主流水道不被泥沙淤积和主 流水道的走向不发生改变； 能实时监测沿线的水深情况； 使开阔河道的水流集中并 沿着设定的方向流动；使防洪护岸的稳定性更有保障；使天然河流的通航能力提高， 使天然河流的生态环境和自然景观得到保护； 使港口码头的港池不被泥沙淤积。 具 体表现在如下几点：
1、 在主流水道的底部铺设的管道， 因其间隔一定距离的喷射孔射出有一定压 力的水柱， 该水柱阻止了泥沙在该位置的沉淀， 从而成型一条过水通道， 自然地把 水集中到该过水通道内， 成型合流， 合流越来越大， 其自然冲刷力也越来越大， 直 到达到平衡为止；其间合流不断地冲刷管道周围的泥沙，最终成型一条宽阔的水道; 还由于铺设的管道位置是稳定的， 所以该水道的走向保持稳定。 还由于主管沿线上 安装了电子测压装置，能测得管内和管外的水压力，从而可实时监察喷射是否正常， 还能实时监测沿线的水深情况， 了解水道状态； 还由于其比传统的丁坝、 挑流堤、 导流堤等建造物的导流束流效果好、 并可取代， 达到了天然河流的通航能力得以提 高、 天然河流的生态环境和自然景观得到保护。
2、 在港口码头的港池的底面上铺设管网， 因管网的管道上间隔一定距离的喷 射孔射出有一定压力的水柱， 阻止了泥沙在该位置的沉淀， 使泥沙在水流作用下移 离管网区， 达到了港池的防淤效果。 附图说明
图 1为监控中心、 供水设施、 喷射管网、 水道等的相对位置平面图
图 2为图 1的局部 A1的放大图
图 3为图 2的 B-B向剖面图
图 4为图 1的 C-C向即剖面图
其中： 1、 供水设施； 2、 输水管； 2a、 阀门； 3、 喷射管网； 4、 主管； 5、 支管； 6、 主管的喷射孔； 6a、 支管的喷射孔； 7、 射流； 8、 主孔盖板； 8a、 支 孔盖板； 9、 水道底面； 10、 主流水道； 11、 岸线； 12、 水道水面线； PR、 电子测 压装置； EC、 信号传输缆； CB、 监控中心。 图 5为监控中心、 供水设施、 喷射管网、 码头、 港池、 港区等的相对位置平面 图
图 6为图 4的局部 A2的放大图
图 7为图 6的局部 A3的放大图 图 8为图 5的局部 A4的放大图
图 9为图 6的 D-D向剖视图
图 10为图 9的局部 A5的放大图
图 11为图 6的 E-E向剖视图
图 12为图 11的局部 A6的放大图
其中： 1、 供水设施； 2、 输水管； 2a、 阀门； 14、 总管； 14a、 总管阀门； 15、 支管； 16、 排放管； 16a、 排放管阀门； 17、 喷射孔； 18、 供水设施； 19、 码 头； 20、 桩柱； 21、 港池底面； CB、 监控中心。 具体实施方式
本发明一种喷射导流防淤方法， 是在水下铺设喷射管网， 喷射管网与供水设施 连通。喷射管网可以有各种结构，其本质是能够稳定地喷射出具有一定压力的水柱。
实施例 1
主流水道的底面上铺设一条或多条主管， 主管的上部或下部或侧面间隔一定距 离开有喷射孔， 通过喷射孔射出有一定压力的水柱； 主管沿线上安装测压装置。
参见图 1~4
1、 在水道的上游建造供水设施 1 ; 供水设施 1的水量应能保证给支管网 3连 续供应有一定压力的水， 并保持压力的稳定。
所述的供水设施可以是水库、 水池、 深井、 引水管渠、 输配管网、 泵站、 公用 给水站等各种能提供大量水源的设施。
2、 在供水设施的附近建造监控中心 CB， 监测和维护喷射导流系统的正常运 行。 3、 按照设计好的主流水道 10和水道底面 9， 开挖水道。
4、 安装输水管 2; 输水管 2连通到供水设施 1 ; 输水管 2安装有阀门 2a控制 开闭。
5、 喷射管网 3的制作： 喷射管网 3包括至少一条主管 4， 主管 4通过输水管 2 与供水设施连通， 主管 4上间隔一定的距离， 在其上部开喷射孔 6， 喷射孔 6的大 小根据设计流量确定； 主管 4上间隔一定的距离， 在其两侧可安装支管 5， 在支管 5的上部开喷射孔 6a， 喷射孔 6a的大小根据设计流量确定； 喷射孔 6和 6a的开口 方向以使射流斜向水流方向为佳； 主管 4的横截面积是其下游的喷射孔 6和 6a横 截面积总和的 1.2倍以上为佳。
6、 每个喷射孔 6和 6a安装盖板 8和 8a， 该盖板 8和 8a在射水时受压开启， 停止射水时自动关闭， 以防止泥沙进入管道内堵塞管道。
7、 按照设计好的喷射管网 3的位置， 在水道底面 9上安装喷射管网 3 ; 喷射 管网 3的主管 4连接到输水管 2上； 喷射管网 3包括的主管 4的数量可根据水道的 宽度大小设计安装一条或两条以上。
8、 在主管 4上间隔一定的距离安装电子测压装置 PR，沿着主管 4铺设信号传 输缆 EC， 信号传输缆 EC连接到电子测压装置 PR上， 信号传输缆 EC连通到监控 中心 CB内。
实施例 2
在深水区的底面上铺设管网， 管网的管道上部或下部或侧面间隔一定的距离开 有喷射孔， 通过喷射孔射出有一定压力的水柱。
参见图 5-12
1、 在港池附近建造供水设施 18;供水设施 18的出水量应能保证给喷射管网连 续供应有一定压力的水， 并保持压力的稳定。
2、 在供水设施的附近建造监控中心 CB， 监测和维护喷射导流系统的正常运 行。
3、 按照设计好的港池位置和水深， 开挖好港池。
4、 在港池底面 21铺设喷射管网， 喷射网包括一条总管 14和一条平行设置的 排放管 16， 总管 14与供水设施 18连通， 总管 14和平行设置的排放管 16之间由多 条支管 15连通。 支管 15的两侧开有喷射孔 17， 喷射孔 17的大小根据设计流量确 定； 总管 14的横截面积是支管 15上喷射孔 17横截面积总和的 1.2倍以上为佳。
5、 支管 15的间距大小的确定依据是： 能保证射流不出现盲区 （射流覆盖全部 范围）。
6、 排放管 16的末端安装有阀门 16a， 定期排放沉淀在总管 14、 支管 15 内的 泥沙。
7、 按照设计好的喷射管网的位置安装总管 14、 支管 15、 排放管 16; 总管 14 上安装有总管阀门 14a控制开闭。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种喷射导流防淤方法， 其特征在于在水下铺设喷射管网， 喷射管网与供 水设施连通。
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的喷射导流防淤方法， 其特征在于所述的喷射管网包 括至少一条主管， 该主管上间隔一定的距离开有喷射孔， 通过喷射孔射出有一定压 力的水柱。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的喷射导流防淤方法， 其特征在于主管上间隔一定的 距离， 在其两侧安装支管， 在支管上开有喷射孔， 通过喷射孔射出有一定压力的水 柱。
4、根据权利要求 1-3中的任意一项所述的喷射导流防淤方法，其特征在于喷射 孔安装有自动开闭的盖板。
5、 一种喷射导流防淤方法， 其特征在于主管道上沿线安装有测压装置。
6、 根据权利要求 1 所述的喷射导流防淤方法， 其特征在于所述的喷射管网包 括一条总管和一条平行设置的排放管， 总管与供水设施连通， 总管和平行设置的排 放管之间由多条支管连通； 总管和支管上均开有喷射孔， 通过喷射孔射出有一定压 力的水柱。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的喷射导流防淤方法， 其特征在于所述的排放管的末 端安装有阀门， 定期排放沉淀在总管和支管内的泥沙。
8、 根据权利要求 6或 7所述的喷射导流防淤方法， 其特征在于所述的总管上 安装有总管阀门以控制开闭。
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