WO2010064481A1 - 屋外構造物及び屋外構造物構成部材の劣化推定方法 - Google Patents
屋外構造物及び屋外構造物構成部材の劣化推定方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010064481A1 WO2010064481A1 PCT/JP2009/066641 JP2009066641W WO2010064481A1 WO 2010064481 A1 WO2010064481 A1 WO 2010064481A1 JP 2009066641 W JP2009066641 W JP 2009066641W WO 2010064481 A1 WO2010064481 A1 WO 2010064481A1
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- corrosion
- rainwater
- corrosion sensor
- ion
- outdoor structure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0033—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining damage, crack or wear
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
- G01N17/02—Electrochemical measuring systems for weathering, corrosion or corrosion-protection measurement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0025—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings of elongated objects, e.g. pipes, masts, towers or railways
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an outdoor structure that can prevent salt damage in advance while constantly monitoring changes with time of salt damage.
- Patent Document 1 a corrosion sensor has been proposed as a sensor for predicting the amount of salt corrosion.
- this corrosion sensor When two dissimilar metals (substrate and conductive part) are insulatively insulated from each other and both ends are exposed to the environment, a water film is connected between the two metals according to the environment. Corrosion current flows. Since this current corresponds to the corrosion rate of the base metal, it is used with the corrosion sensor.
- This sensor is called “Atmospheric Corrosion Monitor” or ACM type corrosion sensor.
- An example of this sensor is shown in FIGS.
- an ACM-type corrosion sensor (hereinafter referred to as “corrosion sensor”) 110 was formed as a substrate 111 by cutting a carbon steel plate having a thickness of 0.8 mm into 64 mm ⁇ 64 mm.
- an insulating portion 112 of an insulating paste (thickness 30 to 35 ⁇ m) was applied and cured using a precision screen printer for thick film ICs.
- a conductive paste (thickness of 30 to 40 ⁇ m, filler: Ag) is laminated and printed on the pattern of the insulating portion 112 so as to maintain the greenness with the substrate 111, and cured to form the conductive portion 113.
- a corrosion sensor is configured (Non-patent Document 3). Then, as shown in FIG. 19, the conductive portion 113 and the substrate 111 are short-circuited by the water film 114 such as humidity or sea salt (chloride ion or the like), and the corrosion current of the Fe—Ag galvanic pair is measured by an ammeter. Measurement is performed at 115. Reference numerals 116a and 116b are terminals.
- Non-Patent Document 4 a method for predicting the amount of salt damage corrosion of solar power generation system members using the ACM type corrosion sensor is proposed, and the amount of attached sea salt is estimated from the relationship diagram between humidity, measured current value, and amount of sea salt attached. Has been proposed (Non-Patent Document 4).
- the degree of corrosion can be estimated from the corrosion current using an ACM type corrosion sensor, most of the materials of each component constituting the outdoor component are painted, so the individual There is a problem that the degree of corrosion cannot be determined as appropriate according to the state of the coating film (the type of coating film, the thickness of the coating film, etc.).
- an object of the present invention is to provide an outdoor structure that can accurately determine the degree of corrosion according to the installation environment and a method for estimating deterioration of an outdoor structure component.
- a corrosion sensor for detecting a corrosion current is provided at least at one or more locations on the outer surface of a structure exposed to the outside air environment.
- the substrate is made of the same material as each constituent member of the structure, covers a plurality of conductive portions provided on the surface of the substrate of the corrosion sensor via an insulating portion, and extends over the surface of the structure, It exists in the outdoor structure characterized by apply
- the second invention is an outdoor structure according to the first invention, wherein the corrosion sensor is irradiated with ultraviolet rays from an ultraviolet lamp.
- the corrosion sensor is installed in a mortar-shaped depression portion installed horizontally on the outer surface of the structure, and the coating film covers a plurality of conductive portions.
- An outdoor structure characterized by being applied over a mortar-shaped surface and a structure surface.
- an outdoor structure according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the outdoor structure is a wind power generator.
- the 5th invention is equipped with the corrosion sensor which detects a corrosion current in at least 1 or more places of the outer surface of the structure exposed to external air environment, and the board
- substrate of the said corrosion sensor is the same as each structural member of a structure And covering a plurality of conductive parts provided on the surface of the substrate of the corrosion sensor via an insulating part, and covering the surface of the structure with the same coating as the coating applied to the constituent members.
- An outdoor structure constituent member deterioration estimation method is characterized in that a film is applied and the degree of deterioration of each constituent member is estimated based on deterioration over time.
- the sixth invention is the deterioration estimation method for an outdoor structure constituent member according to the fifth invention, wherein the deterioration is estimated in advance by a deterioration acceleration test.
- a method for monitoring the lifetime of structural members due to a corrosion current using a corrosion sensor that is provided in at least one location of the structure exposed to the outside air environment and detects a corrosion current of salt damage information.
- the substrate of the corrosion sensor is made of the same material as each component of the structure, covers a plurality of conductive portions provided on the surface of the substrate of the corrosion sensor via an insulating portion, and the structure A first corrosion sensor formed by applying the same coating film as the coating applied to the constituent member over the surface of the first corrosion sensor; and a second corrosion sensor in which the coating film is not applied in the first corrosion sensor.
- the first corrosion sensor measures the amount of corrosion electricity in the lifetime until the corrosion current is detected
- the second corrosion sensor measures the accumulated electricity amount of the corrosion current
- the second Total electricity from corrosion sensors Amount when exceeding the value of the corrosion electric quantity in the lifetime is the lifetime monitoring method of the components of an outdoor structure by corrosion current, characterized in that a warning.
- the wet time due to rainwater when the second corrosion sensor measures a total electric quantity of the corrosion current and a high current of a certain current value or more is detected, the wet time due to rainwater.
- the wetting time due to rainwater when a high current of a certain current value or more is detected by the second corrosion sensor when measuring the accumulated electric quantity of the corrosion current, the wetting time due to rainwater.
- a tenth aspect of the invention includes an ion measurement device that is provided in at least one place of a structure exposed to the outside air environment and detects ion information that causes salt damage.
- the ion measurement device temporarily stores rainwater.
- the outdoor structure is provided with a rainwater collecting chamber for collecting ions and an ion electrode provided in the rainwater collecting chamber for ion analysis.
- An eleventh aspect of the invention includes an ion measuring device that is provided in at least one place of a structure that is exposed to the outside air environment and detects ion information that causes salt damage, and the ion measuring device temporarily stores rainwater.
- the outdoor structure is provided with a rainwater collecting chamber for collecting ions and an ion chromatograph provided in the rainwater collecting chamber for ion analysis.
- a twelfth aspect of the present invention is provided with an ion measurement device that is provided at at least one location of a structure exposed to the outside air environment and detects ion information that causes salt damage, and the ion measurement device performs ion measurement by laser measurement. It is in an outdoor structure characterized by measuring.
- a thirteenth invention is the mortar-shaped portion provided in the upper part of the rainwater collecting chamber according to any one of the tenth to twelfth invention, and collecting rainwater containing a corrosive factor in a mortar-shaped central depression.
- the outdoor structure is characterized by having a rainwater collecting section for dropping rainwater into the rainwater collecting chamber from a hole communicating with the depression.
- a fourteenth invention is characterized in that, in the thirteenth invention, the same coating film as that applied to the surface of each constituent material of the structure is applied to the mortar surface of the mortar-shaped part. Is in an outdoor structure.
- a fifteenth aspect of the invention is an outdoor structure according to any one of the tenth to fourteenth aspects, wherein the outdoor structure is a wind power generator.
- the present invention due to changes over time due to the action of corrosive factors such as sea salt and rainwater, cracks and the like occur in the same coating film applied to each constituent material, a deteriorated part is formed, and rainwater enters. However, a corrosion current flows, and thereby the degree of deterioration of the coating film of each constituent member can be determined. As a result, it is possible to individually evaluate the materials and paints corresponding to the individual materials of the constituent members of the outdoor structure.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a corrosion sensor according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view during corrosion.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the corrosion sensor according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a wind turbine generator that is an example of an outdoor structure.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a corrosion sensor according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another corrosion sensor according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7-1 is a plan view of the first corrosion sensor according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 7-2 is a plan view of the second corrosion sensor according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a second corrosion sensor according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the second corrosion sensor according to the third embodiment during corrosion.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a corrosion sensor according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view during corrosion.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the corrosion
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a wind turbine generator that is an example of an outdoor structure.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of another wind turbine generator that is an example of an outdoor structure.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an ion measuring apparatus according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a wind turbine generator that is an example of an outdoor structure according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of an ion measurement apparatus according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a wind turbine generator that is an example of an outdoor structure according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of an ion measurement apparatus according to the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is a plan view of a corrosion sensor according to the prior art.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a corrosion sensor according to the prior art.
- FIG. 19 is a schematic view during corrosion in the prior art.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a corrosion sensor according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view during corrosion.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the corrosion sensor according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a wind turbine generator that is an example of an outdoor structure.
- the corrosion sensor 11A according to the present embodiment has a substrate 12 that is a structure, for example, a material of each constituent member (for example, the generator 104) of the wind power generation apparatus 100A (see FIG. 4).
- the wind power generator 100A shown in FIG. 4 will be described.
- the wind power generator 100 ⁇ / b> A includes, for example, a tower 102 installed on the ground portion 101, and a nacelle 103 provided at the upper end of the tower 102.
- the nacelle 103 can turn in the yaw direction and is directed in a desired direction by a nacelle turning mechanism (not shown).
- the nacelle 103 is equipped with a generator 104 and a speed increaser 105.
- the rotor of the generator 104 is joined to the main shaft 107 of the wind turbine rotor 106 via the speed increaser 105.
- the windmill rotor 106 includes a hub 108 connected to the main shaft 107 and blades 109 attached to the hub 108.
- the material of the generator 104 is 13A
- the coating film is 16A
- the material of the speed increaser 105 is 13B
- the coating film is 16B.
- FIG. 4 An example of the installation of such a corrosion sensor 11A-1 in a specific wind power generator is shown in FIG.
- the corrosion sensor 11A-1 is installed on the surface of the tower 102, and, for example, a coating film 16A of the generator 104A is applied so as to cover the surface.
- the corrosion sensor 11A-2 is installed on the surface of the tower 102, and, for example, the coating film 16B of the speed increaser 105 is applied so as to cover the surface.
- the deterioration estimation method of the outdoor structure constituent member of the present invention applies the coating film 16A identical to the coating film 16A applied to the material 13A using the corrosion sensor 11A, and each component is deteriorated due to deterioration over time. The degree of deterioration of the member is estimated. Based on this estimation result, it is possible to construct a construction plan for the structure and a plan for its maintenance work.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a corrosion sensor according to the second embodiment.
- the corrosion sensor 11 ⁇ / b> B according to the present example performs an acceleration test by irradiating the surface coated with the coating film 16 ⁇ / b> A with ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet irradiation unit 50.
- the degree of deterioration of the coating film can be determined.
- the normal accelerated coating deterioration test is an ultraviolet exposure test in an environment where there is no external cause such as sea salt, whereas the accelerated deterioration test according to the present invention is performed at the site where the external structure is installed. Since the deterioration acceleration test according to the actual environment can be performed, more accurate judgment can be performed.
- FIG. 6 shows an example of another deterioration acceleration test, which is installed in a mortar-shaped portion 32 of a mortar body 31 installed in a horizontal portion of a structure, and the coating film 16A covers a plurality of conductive portions 15 and forms a mortar shape. It is applied over the surface of the portion 32 and the surface of the structure.
- the corrosive factor 19 is always accumulated in the vicinity of the mortar-shaped depression (particularly, the sea salt components such as Na ions and Mg ions are concentrated), so that the coating film 16A is in contact. Corrosion will progress further.
- FIG. 7-1 is a plan view of the first corrosion sensor according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 7A the reference numeral of the first corrosion sensor is 11-1.
- FIG. 7-2 is a plan view of the second corrosion sensor according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a second corrosion sensor according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the second corrosion sensor during corrosion.
- FIG.10 and FIG.11 is the schematic of the wind power generator which is an example of an outdoor structure.
- the substrate 12 is the same as the material of each structural member (for example, the generator 104) of the wind power generation device that is a structure. .., And covers a plurality of conductive portions 15 provided on the surface of the substrate 12 of the corrosion sensor 11 via the insulating portion 14, and covers the outer surface 102 a of the tower 102 of the wind turbine generator.
- the coating film 16A identical to the coating film 16A applied to the constituent member (for example, the generator 104) is applied.
- the second corrosion sensor 11-2 of the present embodiment is related to the prior art in which the coating film 16A is not applied in the first corrosion sensor 11-1, as shown in FIGS. A sensor is used.
- FIG. 10 shows an example of a specific installation of the first corrosion sensor 11-1 and the second corrosion sensor 11-2 in the wind power generator 100B.
- the wind power generator 100B shown in FIG. 10 has the same configuration as the wind power generator 100A of FIG. 4, the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
- the first corrosion sensors 11-1 A and 11-1 B and the second corrosion sensor 11-2 are installed close to the surface of the tower 102.
- FIG. A deteriorated portion 20 is formed. From this deteriorated portion 20, rainwater enters, the conductive portion 15 and the substrate 12 are short-circuited, a corrosion current flows, and deterioration can be determined by measurement by the ammeter 18.
- the first corrosion sensor 11-1A measures the amount of corrosion electricity (coulomb: Cmax) in the lifetime (tmax) until the corrosion current is detected on the substrate 12 made of the material 13A. Thereby, the corrosion life in the generator 104 of the material 13A can be predicted by the coating film 16A. This test is performed in advance, and may be obtained by, for example, an accelerated deterioration test using ultraviolet irradiation means.
- the second corrosion sensor 11-2 by using the second corrosion sensor 11-2, the accumulated electric quantity (coulomb) of the corrosion current due to the change with time is measured, and the total electric quantity (X) by the second corrosion sensor 11-2 is the lifetime time.
- a predetermined warning is, for example, a command for switching the ventilation system, using a salt damage prevention filter, dehumidifying the inside of the apparatus, or the like.
- the second corrosion sensor 11-2 measures the total electric quantity (X) of the corrosion current and a high current of a certain current value (for example, 1 ⁇ A) or more is detected, the wet time due to rainwater Therefore, the amount of electricity during the wet time due to rainwater may be excluded from the total amount of electricity.
- a certain current value for example, 1 ⁇ A
- the outdoor structure when there is a determination of wetness due to rainwater, it is determined that the outdoor structure has a high corrosion factor due to wetness, and the outdoor structure may be dehumidified.
- an air introduction unit for introducing outside air 120 from the outside for heat dissipation inside the nacelle 103. Not shown is installed.
- sea salt is also accompanied with rainwater. Can be predicted.
- the flow path is switched to the sea salt filter passage 125 having the sea salt filter 124 interposed therebetween, thereby preventing internal corrosion. I am doing so.
- reference numerals 126 and 127 denote switching units.
- the particle size of the sea salt particles generally has two peaks of 1.0 ⁇ m or less and around 5 ⁇ m, and about 70% of the total is in the particle size range of 2.0 to 7.0 ⁇ m. Therefore, it can be easily collected by a filter medium.
- a sea salt filter even when a salt absorption layer having a strong water absorption capacity and a layer having water repellency are laminated, and even when deliquescent under high humidity conditions, the liquefied salt is a film having a water repellency.
- the liquid droplets do not spread in the form of liquid droplets, and the increase in pressure loss can be suppressed. At the same time, since it is quickly absorbed and held by the salt absorption layer, re-scattering to the downstream side (inside side) is prevented.
- the method for monitoring the lifetime of the constituent members of the outdoor structure uses the first corrosion sensor 11-1 corresponding to each constituent member, and the coating film 16A applied to the material 13A, etc.
- the same coating film 16A, etc. is applied, and the degree of deterioration of each constituent member is determined based on the deterioration over time. Based on this, the deterioration of each member can be monitored.
- the switching units 126 and 127 are switched, and the sea salt filter passage having the sea salt filter 124 is switched. By switching to 125, salt damage can be prevented.
- the passage may be closed or the amount of air taken in may be reduced to prevent salt damage as much as possible.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an ion measuring apparatus according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a wind turbine generator that is an example of an outdoor structure.
- the ion measuring device 20A according to the present embodiment is provided in at least one place of a structure (for example, a wind power generation device) exposed to the outside air environment, for example, ion information that causes salt damage.
- a rainwater recovery chamber 22 that temporarily detects rainwater 21 and the like containing corrosive factors, and an ion electrode 23 that is provided in the rainwater recovery chamber 22 and performs ion analysis are provided.
- Reference numeral 24 denotes an ion meter that measures ion information from the ion electrode.
- a rainwater collecting unit 30 that further collects rainwater and the like is provided in the upper part of the rainwater collecting chamber 22.
- the rainwater collecting part 30 is provided in the upper part of the rainwater collecting chamber 22, and a mortar-like part 32 that collects rainwater 21 containing a corrosive factor in a mortar-like bottom part 34 and a hole 35 communicated with the bottom part 34.
- the falling rainwater 36 is dropped into the rainwater collecting chamber 22.
- ion measurement it may be set as appropriate every certain period or in the case of rainwater.
- pure water may be sprayed on the surface of the mortar-shaped portion 32 and collected.
- the ion electrode 23 measures ion information (positive ions, negative ions) in the falling rainwater 36 including the corrosive factor that has dropped.
- ion information in the falling rainwater 36 containing a corrosive factor examples include Fe ion, Cu ion, Al ion, Na ion, Mg ion, Cr ion, and Ni ion.
- anion examples include Cl ion, OH ion, SO 4 ion, SO 3 ion, and the like.
- ion components may be separated by column using ion chromatography and analyzed as a chromatogram.
- the wind power generator 100D shown in FIG. 13 has the same configuration as the wind power generator 100A of FIG. 4, the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
- a specific installation situation of the ion measuring apparatus is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 13, the ion measuring device 20 ⁇ / b> A is installed horizontally via the horizontal support portion 37 of the tower 102.
- the rainwater 21 containing corrosive factors such as sea salt and rainwater enters the rainwater recovery chamber 22 as falling rainwater 36, and the ion information is obtained by the ion electrode 23 by the ion meter 24. I try to detect it. As a result, it is possible to always accurately grasp the state of change over time. That is, the rainwater collecting unit 30 collects the rainwater 21 containing a corrosive factor and collects the corrosive factor such as dust and sea salt together with the rainwater since the rainwater 21 containing the corrosive factor is collected into the rainwater collecting chamber 22 through the hole 33. Can do.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of an ion measurement apparatus according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a wind turbine generator that is an example of an outdoor structure. Since the wind power generator 100E shown in FIG. 15 has the same configuration as the wind power generator 100A shown in FIG. 4, the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
- the coating film 16A is further applied to the mortar surface and the hole 33 of the mortar-shaped portion 32 in the ion measuring apparatus 20A of the fourth embodiment.
- the coating is applied with a coating applied to an outdoor structure such as a generator of a wind power generator.
- the coating film of the generator 104 of the wind power generator 100E is 16A
- the coating film of the speed increaser 105 is 16B.
- the material of the mortar-shaped portion 32 is made of stainless steel in order to detect iron ions.
- FIG. 15 shows a specific installation state of the ion measuring device.
- the ion measuring devices 20B-1 (coating film 16A) and 20B-2 (coating film 16B) are installed horizontally via the horizontal support part 37 of the tower 102, respectively.
- Degradation can be determined by leaching into the rainwater 21 and measuring the ions with the ion electrode 23.
- the mortar-shaped portion 32 is made of stainless steel, and iron ions are detected.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and when not made of stainless steel, it is not measured by a corrosive factor. Using such a material containing specific ions, it is applied in advance as a base layer before applying the coating film 36A, and specific ions ooze out from the base layer due to deterioration. You may make it detect with the ion meter 24.
- the evaluation of the paint can be performed individually, by preparing the ion measuring device applied with the coating films 16A, 16B, etc. corresponding to the respective constituent members, the respective coating films 16A, The degree of deterioration such as 16B... Can be determined. As a result, a construction plan for the structure and a plan for the maintenance work can be constructed.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of an ion measurement apparatus according to the sixth embodiment.
- the ion measuring device 20C by laser includes a laser device 40 for irradiating the rainwater collecting chamber 22 of the rainwater collecting unit 30 with the laser light 41, and light emission information generated by the laser light 41 irradiated on the falling rainwater 36 with the mirror 43 and The light is introduced into a spectroscope 45 through a lens 44 and detected by a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) camera 46.
- reference numerals 42a and 42b denote quartz windows, 47 denotes a beam damper, 48 denotes a valve, and 49 denotes drainage.
- the laser device 40 is a YAG pulse laser having an output of about 100 mJ to 1 J and having a wavelength of 1064 nm, for example.
- ions obtained by this laser emission method for example, ions such as Na, Mg, K, Ca, Fe, and Cl can be detected. Thereby, detection of corrosive components such as Fe ions can be quickly detected.
- the outdoor structure according to the present invention can apply the same coating film as the coating applied to the material of each constituent member, and estimate the degree of deterioration of each constituent member based on the deterioration over time. For example, it is suitable for use in determining deterioration of components of the wind power generator.
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Abstract
Description
そのため、装置内部の材質、塗装に即した塩害予測が必要となってきている。
このセンサの一例を図17、図18及び図19に示す。これらの図面に示すように、ACM型腐食センサ(以下、「腐食センサ」という。)110は、厚さ0.8mmの炭素鋼板を64mm×64mmに切り出し、基板111とした。この上に、厚膜IC用精密スクリーン印刷機を用いて絶縁ペースト(厚さ30~35μm)の絶縁部112を塗布し、硬化させた。
続いて、導電ペースト(厚さ30~40μm、フィラー:Ag)を、基板111との絶緑が保たれるように、絶縁部112のパターン上に積層印刷し、硬化させて導電部113とし、腐食センサを構成している(非特許文献3)。
そして、図19に示すように、湿度や海塩(塩化物イオン等)等の水膜114により、導電部113と基板111とが短絡して、Fe-Agのガルバニック対の腐食電流を電流計115で計測している。なお、116a、116bは端子である。
図1は、実施例1に係る腐食センサの概略図である。図2は、腐食時における概略図である。図3は、実施例1に係る腐食センサの平面図である。図4は、屋外構造物の一例である風力発電装置の概略図である。
これらの図面に示すように、本実施例に係る腐食センサ11Aは、その基板12が、構造物である例えば風力発電装置100A(図4参照)の各構成部材(例えば発電機104)の材料と同一の材料13A、13B…からなると共に、腐食センサ11の基板12の表面に絶縁部14を介して設けられる複数の導電部15を覆うと共に、前記風力発電装置100のタワー102の外表面102aに亙って、前記構成部材(例えば発電機104)に塗布した塗膜16Aと同一の塗膜16Aを塗布してなるものである。ここで、前記導電部15は、基板12の塗膜上に相互に所定間隔を持って複数設けられ、略直線状としている。
ここで、本実施例においては、発電機104の材料を13A、その塗膜を16Aとし、増速機105の材料を13B、その塗膜を16Bとしている。
また、腐食センサ11A-2は、タワー102の表面に設置され、その表面を覆うように、例えば増速機105の塗膜16Bを塗布している。
その結果、構造物の建築計画や、そのメンテナンス作業の計画を構築することができる。
この推定結果により、構造物の建築計画や、そのメンテナンス作業の計画を構築することができる。
よって、各構成部材に対応した塗膜16A、16B…を塗布したセンサを準備することにより、各構成部材の各塗膜16A、16B…の劣化の度合いを判断することができる。
実施例3では、実施例1において説明した腐食センサを用いており、前述した図1~3に示すのと同様であるので、その説明は省略する。ここで、図7-1は、実施例3に係る第1の腐食センサの平面図であり、図7-1において、第1の腐食センサの符号を11-1としている。
図7-2は、本実施例に係る第2の腐食センサの平面図である。図8は、実施例に係る第2の腐食センサの概略図である。図9は、第2の腐食センサの腐食時における概略図である。図10及び図11は、屋外構造物の一例である風力発電装置の概略図である。
図10に示すように、第1の腐食センサ11-1A、11-1B及び第2の腐食センサ11-2は、タワー102の表面に近接して設置されている。
所定の警告とは、例えば換気系統の切替、塩害防止フィルタ等の使用、装置内部の除湿を行う指令等である。
このように、海塩付着の判断においては、雨水の濡れによる高い電流値を積算電気量から除外することで、海塩付着量の確実な判断が可能となる。
濡れが無い場合には、通常の換気指示を行うようにすればよい。
この空気導入の際に、単なる開口部通路121や中性フィルタ122を介装した中性フィルタ通路123を通して、空気を内部に導入している場合には、雨水に伴って海塩も同伴することが予測できる。
そして、海塩フィルタとしては、強い吸水力を有する塩分吸収層と、撥水性を有する層等から積層され、高い湿度条件において潮解した場合においても、液状化した塩分は撥水性を有する層で膜状に拡がることがなく、液滴となり、圧力損失の上昇を抑えることができるものである。これと同時に塩分吸収層により素早く吸収・保持されるので下流側(内部側)への再飛散が防止されている。
図12は、実施例4に係るイオン計測装置の概略図である。図13は、屋外構造物の一例である風力発電装置の概略図である。
これらの図面に示すように、本実施例に係るイオン計測装置20Aは、外気環境に晒される構造物(例えば風力発電装置)の少なくとも一箇所以上に設けられ、例えば塩害の起因となるイオン情報を検知するものであり、腐食性因子を含む雨水21等を一時的に捕集する雨水回収室22と、前記雨水回収室22に設けられ、イオン分析するイオン電極23とを具備するものである。ここで、前記雨水回収室22の底部はイオン電極23に腐食性因子を含む雨水21が集合するように、テーパ状としている。なお、符号24はイオン電極からのイオン情報を計測するイオンメータである。
前記雨水捕集部30は、前記雨水回収室22の上部に設けられ、すり鉢状の底部34に腐食性因子を含む雨水21を捕集するすり鉢状部32と、底部34に連通された孔35から、落下雨水36を前記雨水回収室22内に落下させるものである。
また、計測時において、水分が無いような場合には、すり鉢状部32の表面に純水を噴霧し、回収するようにすればよい。
ここで、腐食性因子を含む落下雨水36中のイオン情報としては、陽イオンとしては、Feイオン、Cuイオン、Alイオン、Naイオン、Mgイオン、Crイオン、Niイオン等を挙げることができる。
また、陰イオンとしては、Clイオン、OHイオン、SO4イオン、SO3イオン等を挙げることができる。
ここで、図13に示す風力発電装置100Dは、図4の風力発電装置100Aとその構成は同一であるので、同一部材については同一符号を付してその説明は省略する。
前記イオン計測装置の具体的な設置状況を図13に示す。図13に示すように、イオン計測装置20Aは、タワー102の水平支持部37を介して水平に設置されている。
これにより、経時変化の状況を常に的確に把握することができる。
すなわち、雨水捕集部30において、腐食性因子を含む雨水21を集め、孔33から雨水回収室22内に回収するので、雨水と共に、粉塵や海塩等の腐食因子を効率的に回収することができる。
図14は、実施例5に係るイオン計測装置の概略図である。図15は、屋外構造物の一例である風力発電装置の概略図である。図15に示す風力発電装置100Eは、図4の風力発電装置100Aとその構成は同一であるので、同一部材については同一符号を付してその説明は省略する。
本実施例のイオン計測装置20Bは、実施例4のイオン計測装置20Aにおいて、さらにすり鉢状部32のすり鉢状表面及び孔33に、塗膜16Aが塗布されている。
この塗膜は、屋外構造物である例えば風力発電装置の発電機に塗布した塗料を塗布している。
本実施例においては、風力発電装置100Eの発電機104の塗膜を16Aとし、増速機105の塗膜を16Bとしている。
ここで、前記すり鉢状部32の材質は鉄イオンを検知するために、ステンレス製としている。
その結果、構造物の建築計画や、そのメンテナンス作業の計画を構築することができる。
図16は、実施例6に係るイオン計測装置の概略図である。
レーザによるイオン計測装置20Cは、雨水捕集部30の雨水回収室22内にレーザ光41を照射するレーザ装置40と、落下雨水36に照射されたレーザ光41により発生する発光情報をミラー43及びレンズ44を介して、分光器45に導入し、CCD(Charge Coupled Device)カメラ46により検出している。
なお、図16中、符号42a、42bは石英窓、47はビームダンパ、48はバルブ及び49は排水を各々図示する。
このレーザ発光法により求められるイオンとしては、例えばNa、Mg、K、Ca、Fe、Cl等の各イオンが検出できる。
これにより、Feイオン等の腐食成分の検出が迅速に検知可能となる。
12 基板
13A、13B 材料
14 絶縁部
15 導電部
16A、16B 塗膜
19 腐食性因子
20A、20B、20B-1、20B-2 イオン計測装置
20C レーザによるイオン計測装置
21 腐食性因子を含む雨水
22 雨水回収室
23 イオン電極
30 雨水捕集部
Claims (15)
- 外気環境に晒される構造物の外表面の少なくとも一箇所以上に、腐食電流を検知する腐食センサを備えてなり、
前記腐食センサの基板が、構造物の各構成部材と同一の素材からなると共に、
腐食センサの基板の表面に絶縁部を介して設けられる複数の導電部を覆うと共に、前記構造物の表面に亙って、前記構成部材に塗布した塗膜と同一の塗膜を塗布してなることを特徴とする屋外構造物。 - 請求項1において、
前記腐食センサに、紫外線ランプから紫外線を照射してなることを特徴とする屋外構造物。 - 請求項1において、
前記腐食センサが、構造物の外表面に水平状態に設置されたすり鉢状の窪み部に設置され、
前記塗膜が、複数の導電部を覆うと共にすり鉢状表面と構造物表面とに亙って塗布してなることを特徴とする屋外構造物。 - 請求項1乃至3のいずれか一つにおいて、
前記屋外構造物が風力発電装置であることを特徴とする屋外構造物。 - 外気環境に晒される構造物の外表面の少なくとも一箇所以上に、腐食電流を検知する腐食センサを備えてなり、
前記腐食センサの基板が、構造物の各構成部材と同一の素材からなると共に、
腐食センサの基板の表面に絶縁部を介して設けられる複数の導電部を覆うと共に、前記構造物の表面に亙って、前記構成部材に塗布した塗膜と同一の塗膜を塗布し、経時変化の劣化により各構成部材の劣化度合いを推定することを特徴とする屋外構造物構成部材の劣化推定方法。 - 請求項5において、
劣化加速試験により劣化を事前に推定することを特徴とする屋外構造物構成部材の劣化推定方法。 - 外気環境に晒される構造物の少なくとも一箇所以上に設けられ、塩害情報の腐食電流を検知する腐食センサを用いて、腐食電流による構造物の構成部材の寿命を監視する方法であって、
前記腐食センサの基板が、構造物の各構成部材と同一の素材からなると共に、
腐食センサの基板の表面に絶縁部を介して設けられる複数の導電部を覆うと共に、前記構造物の表面に亙って、前記構成部材に塗布した塗膜と同一の塗膜を塗布してなる第1の腐食センサと、
第1の腐食センサにおいて、前記塗膜を塗布していない第2の腐食センサとを用い、
第1の腐食センサにより、腐食電流が検知されるまでの寿命時間における腐食電気量を計測し、
第2の腐食センサにより、腐食電流の積算電気量を計測し、
第2の腐食センサによる総電気量が、前記寿命時間における腐食電気量の値を超えた際に、警告を発することを特徴とする腐食電流による屋外構造物の構成部材の寿命監視方法。 - 請求項7において、
第2の腐食センサにより、腐食電流の総電気量を計測する際に、
一定電流値以上の高い電流が検出された場合には、雨水による濡れ時間と判断し、この雨水による濡れ時間の電気量を総電気量から除外することを特徴とする腐食電流による屋外構造物の構成部材の寿命監視方法。 - 請求項7において、
第2の腐食センサにより、腐食電流の積算電気量を計測する際に、
一定電流値以上の高い電流が検出された場合には、雨水による濡れ時間と判断し、この雨水による濡れ時間の電気量を総電気量から除外すると共に、
構造体の除湿を行うことを特徴とする腐食電流による屋外構造物の構成部材の寿命監視方法。 - 外気環境に晒される構造物の少なくとも一箇所以上に設けられ、塩害の起因となるイオン情報を検知するイオン計測装置を備えてなり、
前記イオン計測装置が、
雨水を一時的に捕集する雨水回収室と、
前記雨水回収室に設けられ、イオン分析するイオン電極とを具備することを特徴とする屋外構造物。 - 外気環境に晒される構造物の少なくとも一箇所以上に設けられ、塩害の起因となるイオン情報を検知するイオン計測装置を備えてなり、
前記イオン計測装置が、
雨水を一時的に捕集する雨水回収室と、
前記雨水回収室に設けられ、イオン分析するイオンクロマトグラフとを具備することを特徴とする屋外構造物。 - 外気環境に晒される構造物の少なくとも一箇所以上に設けられ、塩害の起因となるイオン情報を検知するイオン計測装置を備えてなり、
前記イオン計測装置が、レーザ計測によりイオンを計測することを特徴とする屋外構造物。 - 請求項10乃至12のいずれか一つにおいて、
前記雨水回収室の上部に設けられ、
すり鉢状の中心の窪み部に腐食性因子を含む雨水を捕集するすり鉢状部と、窪み部に連通された孔から、落下雨水を前記雨水回収室内に落下させる雨水捕集部を有することを特徴とする屋外構造物。 - 請求項13において、
前記すり鉢状部のすり鉢状表面に、構造物の各構成材料の表面に塗布された塗膜と同一の塗膜を塗布してなることを特徴とする屋外構造物。 - 請求項10乃至14のいずれか一つにおいて、
前記屋外構造物が風力発電装置であることを特徴とする屋外構造物。
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- 2009-09-25 WO PCT/JP2009/066641 patent/WO2010064481A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2009-09-25 CN CN2009801328434A patent/CN102132142A/zh active Pending
- 2009-09-25 BR BRPI0917685A patent/BRPI0917685A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-09-25 CA CA2734388A patent/CA2734388A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2012200059A (ja) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-10-18 | Railway Technical Research Institute | 被覆直流電力ケーブル支持構造および被覆直流電力ケーブルの漏れ電流検知方法 |
JP2020071148A (ja) * | 2018-10-31 | 2020-05-07 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | コーティング劣化検出システム、コーティング劣化検出方法およびプログラム |
JP7101594B2 (ja) | 2018-10-31 | 2022-07-15 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | コーティング劣化検出システム、コーティング劣化検出方法およびプログラム |
CN111380667A (zh) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-07-07 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | 减小高超声速风洞尾气对试验模型传感器冲刷损害的装置 |
CN111380667B (zh) * | 2020-05-06 | 2024-05-28 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | 减小高超声速风洞尾气对试验模型传感器冲刷损害的装置 |
Also Published As
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BRPI0917685A2 (pt) | 2015-12-01 |
AU2009323495B2 (en) | 2012-06-28 |
EP2354780A1 (en) | 2011-08-10 |
CN102132142A (zh) | 2011-07-20 |
AU2009323495A1 (en) | 2010-06-10 |
CA2734388A1 (en) | 2010-06-10 |
KR20110031243A (ko) | 2011-03-24 |
KR101189409B1 (ko) | 2012-10-10 |
US20110175633A1 (en) | 2011-07-21 |
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