WO2010060309A1 - 速率匹配方法和装置 - Google Patents

速率匹配方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010060309A1
WO2010060309A1 PCT/CN2009/073073 CN2009073073W WO2010060309A1 WO 2010060309 A1 WO2010060309 A1 WO 2010060309A1 CN 2009073073 W CN2009073073 W CN 2009073073W WO 2010060309 A1 WO2010060309 A1 WO 2010060309A1
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Prior art keywords
bit
packet
codeword
mother
transmission
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PCT/CN2009/073073
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐前子
徐俊
袁志锋
许进
胡留军
卢科学
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2010060309A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010060309A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0067Rate matching
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1812Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ]
    • H04L1/1819Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ] with retransmission of additional or different redundancy

Definitions

  • FIG. 1 shows the general structure of a digital communication system.
  • a digital communication system is composed of a transmitting end, a channel, and a receiving end, where the transmitting end usually includes a source, a source encoder, a channel encoder, and a modulator, and the receiving end usually includes demodulation.
  • channel coding links (including channel coding and decoding, modulation and demodulation, etc.) are key technologies in the entire digital communication physical layer, which determine the effectiveness and reliability of the underlying transmission of digital communication systems.
  • the functions of the channel coding code, modulation and demodulation, and the like in the channel coding link portion will be described in detail below.
  • the purpose of Channel Coding is to combat the wide variety of noise and interference present during transmission. In general, by artificially adding redundant information, the system can have the ability to automatically correct errors, thereby ensuring the reliability of digital transmission.
  • Turbo code is one of the currently recognized optimal forward error correction codes. It is widely used as a channel coding solution for data service transmission in many standard protocols, and its decoding error correction as the number of decoding iterations increases.
  • Rate Matching processing is a very key technique after channel coding. Its purpose is to perform algorithm-controlled repetition or puncturing of channel-coded codeword bits to ensure data bit length after rate matching. The physical channel resources assigned to it match.
  • rate matching algorithms 3GPP R6 rate matching algorithm and Circular Buffer Rate Matching (CBRM) algorithm.
  • the cyclic buffer rate matching algorithm can generate a single-single algorithm with excellent performance of the puncturing pattern, and the rate matching algorithm is adopted in the 3GPP2 series standard, the IEEE802.16e standard, and the 3GPP LTE communication system.
  • the codeword bits output by the Turbo coding are separated by bits to separate three data bitstreams: a systematic bit stream, a first parity bit stream, and The second parity bit stream.
  • Each of the above three data bitstreams is re-arranged into a block interleaver, which is commonly referred to as intra-block interleaving.
  • the rearranged systematic bits are placed at the start position, and then two rearranged check bit streams are interleaved, which is called inter-block interleaving.
  • Ndata coded bits can be selected as the output of the cyclic buffer rate match according to the expected output code rate; the cyclic buffer rate match reads Ndata codes from a specified start position in the output buffer. Bits are called bit selection.
  • the bits selected for transmission can be read from any location in the buffer. After reading the last bit of the circular buffer, the first bit data of the circular buffer is read as its next bit data. Therefore, the rate matching based on the circular buffer (puncturing or repeating) can be realized by the method of the cartridge.
  • the Loop Cache also has the advantage of flexibility and granularity for the Hybrid Automatic Request Retransmission ( HARQ ) operation that will be described below.
  • HARQ is an extremely important link adaptation technique in digital communication systems.
  • the function of the technology is: The receiving end decodes the HARQ data packet received by the receiving end, and if the decoding is correct, the ACK signal is fed back to the transmitting end to notify it to send a new HARQ data packet; if the decoding fails, the NACK signal is sent back to the sending. At the end, the requesting sender resends the HARQ packet.
  • the receiving end can improve the probability of successful decoding and achieve high reliability requirements for link transmission.
  • HARQ hybrid automatic request retransmission
  • different locations can be specified in the circular buffer as the starting point for each HARQ packet read.
  • the definition of the redundancy version determines the multiple starting positions of the HARQ data packets read in the circular buffer.
  • the value of the redundancy version determines the current transmission HARQ data packets in the circular buffer.
  • the specific starting position to read in For example, in LTE, the redundancy version defines the starting point of the circular buffer for selecting a piece of codeword to generate the current HARQ packet. If the number of RVs is 4, the redundancy version evenly marks the four positions in the circular buffer in order from left to right in 0, 1, 2, and 3. More specific description can be used Proposals and standards for LTE virtual loop cache rate matching are not detailed here.
  • the HARQ subpacket identifier (hero called SPID) is currently used in the IEEE802.16e standard. It is essentially the same as the redundancy version RV, that is, it can be used to determine the subpacket data.
  • the specific location in the circular buffer In the IEEE 802.16e system, the HARQ sub-packet indicator and the HARQ packet length together define the starting position and length of the HARQ sub-packet data in the circular buffer to select a codeword in the circular buffer to generate the current HARQ sub-package.
  • the SPID value range is ⁇ 00, 01 , 10 , 11 ⁇ .
  • the SPID value of the first transmission must be 00, and the SPID values of other retransmissions can be selected in any range or in a certain order. That is to say, when multiple transmissions are made, one SPID value may be reused, or one SPID value may not be used.
  • multiple HARQ sub-packets may be generated based on data of the same mother code. When two or more HARQ sub-packets read the same position bits in the mother code, an Overlapping phenomenon occurs. In order to improve system performance, overlap should be avoided as much as possible, and cover as much mother code data as possible.
  • 2 is a schematic diagram of a rate matching process in the case of the IEEE 802.16e standard, 1/3 code rate, and CTC coding.
  • the retransmission process involves intra-block interleaving of the S information bit, the P1 check area, and the P2 check area.
  • four retransmissions are performed, that is, four transmissions are performed.
  • the codeword word after the second retransmission, also transmits the third subpackage (F3&L3) and the fourth subpackage (F4&L4).
  • the length of each HARQ sub-packet and the value of the modulation order are related to the value of the number of sub-channels of the HARQ sub-packet, and the number of sub-packets per sub-transport may be affected by various factors. The effect changes, so the modulation order of each transmission and the length of the HARQ sub-packet may change. It can be seen that in this adaptive HARQ retransmission mechanism, due to the difference between the sub-packet length and the SPID value, serious overlapping phenomenon occurs on the one hand, resulting in repeated transmission of data of the same content, especially when the SPID value is repeatedly repeated.
  • Case 1 The rate 1 ( RATE1 ) is 2/3 and the value of the SPID is the first transmission. It is 00, and the rate 2 ( RATE2 ) is 1/2 in the second transmission, and the value of SPID is still 00. Since the mother code word is placed in the circular buffer, the sub-pack selection can be seen in the ring shown in FIG.
  • the starting position of the sub-packet data is the starting position of the circular buffer.
  • the index of the circular buffer starts from 0.
  • the start positions of the first transmission and the second transmission are the same, so the smaller sub-packets in the two transmissions are all overlapped.
  • the starting position is still the starting position of the circular buffer, and there will be a serious overlap with the first transmission sub-packet, resulting in system performance degradation.
  • Case 2 The SPID value is 00 on the first transmission, and the SPID value is not 00 on the second transmission.
  • the abscissa indicates the entire mother code length
  • the ordinate indicates the coverage of the HARQ sub-packet data in the mother code: 0 indicates that it is not covered, 1 indicates that it is overwritten, and 2 indicates that it is covered. Times, that is, overlap occurs. When both 0 and 2 exist on the ordinate, it means that there is overlap and uncovered content.
  • FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 when the system bit length is 4800 bits, the first transmission rate is 5/6, and the secondary retransmission rate is 25/39, the coverage is as follows:
  • the SPID value is 01. When the contents of P0 to P3 are overlapped, the contents of P1 to P2 are not overwritten;
  • the present invention has been made in view of the problem that the rate matching processing overlap phenomenon is highly correlated in the related art. To this end, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide a rate matching method and apparatus to solve the above problems. According to an aspect of the invention, a rate matching method is provided.
  • the rate matching method comprises: encoding and interleaving the information bit sequence to obtain a mother codeword of length L, wherein the mother codeword includes a systematic bit portion and a check bit portion; and transmitting the HARQ sub-packet for the first time
  • the previous bit is selected from the predetermined position in the mother codeword to form the HARQ sub-packet for the first transmission, where is the predetermined length of the HARQ sub-packet for the first transmission
  • the last L 2 bits are selected from the mother codewords of length L to form a second transmitted HARQ sub-packet, where L 2 is the predetermined length of the second transmitted HARQ sub-packet.
  • the processing of encoding and interleaving the information packet to obtain the system bit portion and the check bit portion is specifically: encoding the information packet to obtain a system bit portion and a parity bit portion before interleaving, and obtaining the systematic bit portion As a systematic bit portion in the mother codeword word; performing intra-block interleaving on the check bit portion before interleaving to obtain a check bit portion after inter-block interleaving; inter-block interleaving for the interleaved check bit portion in the block, The check bit portion after inter-block interleaving is obtained, and the check bit portion inter-block interleaved is used as the check bit portion in the mother code word.
  • encoding and interleaving the information packets to obtain the system bit portion and the school-risk bit portion are specifically as follows: encoding the information packet to obtain a system bit portion before interleaving and a parity bit portion before interleaving; The system bit portion and the parity bit portion before interleaving are inter-block interleaved to obtain a system bit portion after inter-block interleaving and a parity-bit portion after inter-block interleaving, and the interleaved system bit portion in the block is used as a mother.
  • the method may further include: selecting a bit from the mother codeword according to a starting position of the check bitstream in the check bit portion of the stored mother codeword.
  • the HARQ sub-packets that make up the subsequent transmission. Specifically, if the predetermined position in the mother code codeword is a predetermined offset value n of the first bit of the mother code codeword, the length is L when the HARQ sub-packet is transmitted for the second time. The last L 2 bits except the last n code words of the mother code word are used as the second transmitted HARQ sub-packet, where n is less than L JL is a non-negative integer.
  • the start bit of the mother codeword is used as the next bit of the last bit of the mother codeword.
  • the manner of encoding the sequence of information bits includes one of the following: convoluted turbo coding, turbo coding, low density parity check.
  • a rate matching device includes: an encoder for encoding an information packet to generate a codeword of length L; an interleaver for interleaving a sequence of codewords of length L; a circular buffer for storing the interleaved a matrix codeword sequence; a rate matcher, configured to select a codeword bit from the mother codeword to generate a currently transmitted HARQ subpackage, wherein, in the case of transmitting the HARQ subpacket for the first time, from a mother of length L
  • the predetermined starting position in the codeword word selects the previous bit to constitute the HARQ sub-packet for the first transmission, where is the predetermined length of the HARQ sub-packet for the first transmission; in the case of the second transmission of the HARQ sub-pack
  • the rate matcher may be further configured to: when the HARQ sub-packet is transmitted later, select a bit from the mother codeword according to a starting position of the check bitstream in the check bit portion of the stored mother codeword. Subsequent transmission of HARQ sub-packets.
  • the interleaver may further include: an intra-block interleaver, configured to perform inter-block interleaving on the encoded information packet to obtain an inter-block interleaved parity bit portion, or further obtain an inter-block interleaved system bit portion; inter-block interleaving And configured to perform inter-block interleaving on the check bit portions after inter-block interleaving, to obtain a check bit portion after inter-block interleaving.
  • the cyclic memory is used to store the inter-block interleaved systematic bit portion or the uninterleaved systematic bit portion as a systematic bit portion of the mother code word word at the beginning of the cyclic memory.
  • the cyclic memory is used to store the inter-block interleaved check bit portion at a position after the systematic bit portion in the cyclic memory.
  • a rate matching device is provided.
  • a rate matching apparatus includes: an encoder for encoding an information packet to generate a codeword of length L; a memory for storing the encoded codeword; and an address generator for generating a current HARQ subpackage Each codeword bit is in a corresponding address in the memory, and is used for interleaving the codewords stored in the memory, and generating a virtual circular buffer of length L stored in the memory, and using the data of the virtual loop buffer as the mother codeword.
  • mother code codeword selected subpacket HARQ transmission consisting of the second L 2 final bits of the address, wherein the predetermined length L 2 of HARQ sub-packets for the second transmission; codeword bits read ,
  • the packet address generator for the selected address bit selection code word from the memory, the current transmission HARQ sub generated.
  • the address generator may be further configured to: after transmitting the HARQ sub-packet, select a component from the parent codeword according to a starting position of the check bitstream in the check bit portion of the stored mother codeword The address of the bit of the transmitted HARQ sub-packet.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of a digital communication system according to the related art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of rate matching processing according to the related art
  • FIG. 3 is a SPID taking in a first transmission and a second transmission in the related art. A ring diagram showing overlapping phenomena when the values are equal
  • FIG. 3 is a SPID taking in a first transmission and a second transmission in the related art.
  • FIG. 3 is a SPID taking in a first transmission and a second transmission in the related art. A ring diagram showing overlapping phenomena when the values are equal
  • FIG. 4 is an overlap of SPID values when the first transmission and
  • FIG. 7 is the first transmission in the related art.
  • the SPID values are different and the system bit length is 4800 bits, the first transmission rate is 5/6, and the second retransmission rate is 25/39.
  • FIG. 8 is the first in the related art.
  • the SPID value is different between the secondary transmission and the second transmission and the system bit length is long.
  • FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a rate matching method according to an embodiment of the method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of an overlap case when the first code rate is 5/6 and the second code rate is 25/39;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an overlapping case after the rate matching method according to the method embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a processing example 1 of the rate matching method according to the method embodiment of the present invention.
  • Process for processing example 2 of the rate matching method according to the method embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the coverage of the mother code after the rate matching method according to the embodiment of the method of the present invention
  • Figure 14 is a ring diagram of the coverage of the transmission using the rate matching method according to the method embodiment of the present invention
  • 15 is a block diagram of a rate matching apparatus according to a first embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention
  • Fig. 16 is a block diagram showing a rate matching apparatus according to a second embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • the present invention proposes a simple loop-based rate matching algorithm based on a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) transmission method, which reduces overlap by changing the bit selection method in the mother code.
  • HARQ hybrid automatic repeat request
  • Method Embodiment In this embodiment, a rate matching method is provided. As shown in FIG.
  • the rate matching method includes: Step S902: Encoding and interleaving the information bit sequence to obtain a mother codeword of length L, wherein the mother codeword includes a systematic bit portion and Checking the bit portion; Step S904, in the case of transmitting the HARQ sub-packet for the first time, from the predetermined starting position in the mother codeword (which may be the starting point of the mother codeword, or may be an offset value of the starting point) Offset, the offset value is a non-negative integer), the last bit is selected to constitute the first transmitted HARQ sub-packet, where is the predetermined length of the first transmitted HARQ sub-packet; Step S906, the second transmission of the HARQ sub-packet Next, the last L 2 bits are selected from the mother codewords of length L to form a second transmitted HARQ sub-packet, where L 2 is the predetermined length of the second transmitted HARQ sub-packet.
  • the process of encoding and interleaving the information packet to obtain the system bit portion and the check bit portion may be: encoding the information packet to obtain a system bit portion and a parity bit portion before interleaving, and obtaining the systematic bit portion.
  • a systematic bit portion in the mother codeword word performing intra-block interleaving on the check bit portion before interleaving to obtain a check bit portion after inter-block interleaving; inter-block interleaving for the interleaved check bit portion in the block, The check bit portion after inter-block interleaving is obtained, and the check bit portion inter-block interleaved is used as the check bit portion in the mother code word.
  • the processing of obtaining the systematic bit portion and the check bit portion may also be: encoding the information packet to obtain the systematic bit portion before the interleaving and the school-risk bit before the interleaving.
  • the system bit portion is used as a systematic bit portion in the mother code word word; inter-block interleaving is performed on the interleaved check bit portion in the block to obtain a check bit portion after inter-block interleaving, and the parity bit after inter-block interleaving Part of it is the check bit part of the mother codeword. That is to say, the system bit portion may be interleaved or uninterleaved.
  • the code rate of the coded encoder when the code rate of the coded encoder is 1/r, the number of parity bit streams before the interleaving is rl. That is, after the information packet is sent to the encoder with the code rate of 1/r, the system bit stream S and (r-1) parity bit streams are generated, for example, when the code rate is 1/3, The check bit stream is two; when the code rate is 1/5, the check bit stream is four.
  • the start bit of the mother codeword is used as the next bit of the last bit of the mother codeword. That is, as shown in FIG.
  • the mother code length is L
  • the HARQ sub-packet data that needs to be transmitted for the first time it can start from the 0th bit in the circular buffer (here, the 0th bit is used as the starting position) , sequentially reading L1 bits, that is, 0, 1, 2, ..., L1-1 bits; in the second time the HARQ sub-packet data to be transmitted, the L-L2 bit in the circular buffer area Initially, L2 bits are sequentially read, that is, L-L2, L-L2+1, L-L2+2, ..., L-1 bits.
  • encoding and interleaving the information packets, the obtained interleaved system bit stream and the inter-block interleaved syndrome-bit stream processing may also be specifically: encoding the information packets to obtain pre-interleaving
  • the systematic bit stream and the pre-interleaved calibrated bit stream are inter-block interleaved by the address generator before the interleaving system bit stream and the interleaved check bit stream to obtain the interleaved system bit stream S and the interleaved calibrated-
  • the risk bit stream is; inter-block interleaved by the address generator after inter-block interleaving, and the inter-block interleaved parity-bit: stream P is obtained.
  • the processing of the interleaved bit stream after the system is specifically: the address generator ⁇ in the starting position of a virtual circular memory system stores the bit streams interleaved. Further, the processing of the inter-block interleaved check bit stream is specifically: storing, in the address generator, the inter-block interleaved check bit stream at a position after the systematic bit stream in the virtual loop memory. Further, when encoding the information packet, when the code rate of the coded encoder is 1/r, the number of parity bit streams before the interleaving is rl.
  • the HARQ sub-packets that constitute the first transmission or the HARQ sub-packets that are subsequently transmitted are sequentially selected according to the storage order of the interleaved system bit stream and the check bit stream in the virtual circular buffer.
  • the bit, and the next bit of the last bit of the mother code is the start bit of the mother code.
  • the selection of the HARQ sub-packets for the first transmission and the HARQ sub-packets for the second transmission can also be referred to FIG. 10, and will not be repeated here.
  • the subsequent HARQ transmission is not limited to 2 times, but may be multiple times.
  • the method may further include:
  • the bits in the codeword are selected to form a HARQ sub-packet for subsequent transmission.
  • the processing of the present invention will be described below with reference to specific examples.
  • Example 1 the present invention will be described in detail below with a 1/3 code rate (but not limited to 1/3 code rate).
  • the processing procedure of the present invention is as follows: (111) A message of length K is sent to a 1/3 code rate turbo code encoder to generate a systematic bit stream S. And the first and second school-risk bitstreams P1 and P2.
  • the codeword prepared by the Turbo encoder, the systematic bit stream S and the first and second parity bit streams P1 and P2 are inter-block interleaved by a sub-interleaver, respectively, to generate a new system bit stream S and 1.
  • the second parity bit stream P1 and P2. placing the system bits in front of the circular buffer, and the bit streams of the first and second parity are interleaved by the inter-block interleaver behind the systematic bit stream to form a circular buffer, wherein the accessed data It is the above mother code, and the mother code length is L codeword bits.
  • the reading position of each HARQ sub-packet is determined by the following process: First, each time the HARQ sub-packet transmission is performed, the length of the HARQ sub-packet is first determined. Secondly, the data content of the HARQ sub-packets that need to be transmitted each time is cyclically read in the mother code.
  • the method of reading is as follows:
  • the HARQ sub-packet data that needs to be transmitted for the first time starts from the 0th bit in the circular buffer area, and sequentially reads the L1 bit, that is, 0, 1, 2, ..., L1- 1 bit.
  • L1 is the first sub-packet length
  • the second HARQ sub-packet data to be transmitted starts from the L-L2 bit in the circular buffer, and sequentially reads the L2 bit, that is, the L-L2, L- L2+l, L-L2+2, ..., L-1 bits.
  • L2 is the second sub-packet length
  • the last bit of the second HARQ sub-packet is the last bit of the mother code
  • the third HARQ sub-packet to be transmitted the starting position in the mother code is the first Check The first bit of the bit stream PI, and sequentially reads L3 bit data in the mother code
  • the HARQ sub-packet that needs to be transmitted for the fourth time whose starting position in the mother code is the second check bit stream P2
  • the first bit and sequentially read L4 bits of data in the mother code.
  • the next bit of the last bit of the mother code is the start bit of the mother code.
  • the fourth HARQ sub-packet bit can be from the last cycle of the mother code to the beginning of the mother code.
  • the starting position of the sub-packets in the circular buffer can be determined according to the existing protocol, that is, the sub-packet starting position is determined by the sub-packet length and the SPID value.
  • the processing of the present invention is as follows: After the information bit stream ⁇ ao ⁇ ,..., a 4799 ⁇ is sent to the CTC encoder, the information bit stream S ⁇ ao,ai,..., a 479 9 ⁇ is formed; the school-risk bit PI ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ,..., ⁇ ,479 ⁇ ) ⁇ ; School-risk bit P2 ⁇ p 2 ,0, ⁇ 2,1, ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ 2, 4799 ⁇ ' ⁇ > After the sub-interleaver in the block, form The new system bit 3 ⁇ 4 u S ⁇ ⁇ ', ⁇ ',..., a 4799 , ⁇ , the school insurance bit stream PI ⁇ p ⁇ , ⁇ ', ⁇ , ⁇ ', ⁇ , Pl,4799' ⁇ ' ⁇ 2 ⁇ 2, ⁇ ', ⁇ 2, ⁇ ', ⁇ 2, 47', ⁇ , ⁇ 2, 47
  • the codeword bits required for each HARQ transmission are sequentially read from the circular buffer to form a HARQ sub-packet.
  • the first HARQ sub-packet is ⁇ m nn,..., m L1-1 ⁇ ;
  • the second sub-packet is ⁇ m L- L2, mL-L2+i,..., rtiL-i ⁇ ;
  • the three sub-packets are ⁇ m 4 8oo, m 4 8oi,..., m 4 goo+L3-i ⁇
  • the fourth sub-package is ⁇ [ 1119600,111960 ,..” m9600+L 4-1 ⁇ .
  • the next bit of the last bit in the mother codeword is the 0th bit of the mother code, and the index of the mother code starts from 0.
  • the third HARQ sub-package is ⁇ 11 4800,11 480 ,..., m 14 o 15 ⁇ ;
  • the fourth HARQ sub-package is ⁇ m 9 6oo,m 9 6oi ,..., 11 ⁇ 4399,11 0,11 ⁇ ,..., m 2495 ⁇ ; It can be seen that under the rate matching method of the present invention, the second HARQ sub-packet transmission After that, although the mother codeword ⁇ ⁇ a total of 1152 bits are not covered, there is no overlap.
  • the rate matching is to be performed by the IEEE802.16e standard, that is, as shown in FIG. 8, the mother code code word coverage performance after the second transmission is observed, and it can be seen that when the second transmission is selected
  • the best case is when the SPID is 01.
  • the first HARQ sub-packet is ⁇ m nn,..., 1115759 ⁇ , which is the same as the present invention
  • the second HARQ sub-package is ⁇ m 4 88, m 4 8 ,..., mi4 3 99,mo ,mi, grip" m 575 ⁇ . See the mother code ⁇ m 576 .
  • the rate matching method of the present invention can better cover the mother code codeword bits under the same conditions, and minimize the occurrence of overlapping phenomena, thereby enhancing the link performance of the HARQ.
  • the present invention has been described by taking the mother code code rate and CTC code of 1/3 as an example, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can also adopt other code rates and coding modes, and The HARQ sub-packets of the present invention may be transmitted more than four times.
  • Example 2 the present invention will be described in detail below with a 1/3 code rate (but not limited to 1/3 code rate). As shown in FIG. 12, in the case of 1/3 code rate, the processing procedure of the present invention is as follows:
  • the information of length K is sent to the 1/3 code rate Turbo code encoder to generate a system bit stream S and first and second school-risk bit streams P1 and P2.
  • the systematic bitstream S and the first and second parity bitstreams P1 and P2 are inter-block interleaved by the address generator, respectively, to generate a new systematic bitstream S and first and second
  • the bitstreams P1 and P2 are verified to form a virtual circular buffer.
  • placing the system bits in front of the virtual circular buffer, and the bit streams of the first and second parity are inter-block interleaved by the address generator, that is, interleaved in the virtual circular buffer after being stored in the system bit stream
  • a virtual circular buffer is formed, wherein the accessed data is a virtual mother code, and the mother code length is L codeword bits.
  • the next bit of the last bit in the mother code code word is the 0th bit of the mother code, and the index of the mother code starts from 0.
  • the codeword bit reader is used to select a codeword bit from the memory according to the address generator generation address to generate the currently transmitted HARQ sub-packet. That is, the codeword bits of the length required for each HARQ transmission are sequentially read in the virtual mother code to form one HARQ sub-packet.
  • the reading position of each HARQ sub-packet can be determined by the following processing procedure: First, each time the HARQ sub-packet transmission is performed, the length of the HARQ sub-packet is first determined. Secondly, the data content of the HARQ sub-packets that need to be transmitted each time is cyclically read in the virtual mother code.
  • the method of reading it ⁇ The HARQ sub-packet data that needs to be transmitted for the first time, starting from the 0th bit in the virtual circular buffer area, sequentially reads the L1 bit, that is, 0, 1, 2, ... , L1-1 bit.
  • L1 is the first sub-packet length
  • the second HARQ sub-packet data to be transmitted starts from the L-L2 bit in the virtual circular buffer, and sequentially reads the L2 bit, that is, the L-L2, L -L2+l, L-L2+2,..., L-1 bits.
  • L2 is the second sub-packet length, and the last bit of the second HARQ sub-packet is the last bit of the mother code; the third HARQ sub-packet to be transmitted, whose starting position in the virtual mother code is The first bit of a school-risk bit stream P1, and sequentially reads L3 bit data in the virtual mother code; the HARQ sub-packet that needs to be transmitted for the fourth time, whose starting position in the virtual mother code is The first bit of the check bit stream P2 is read, and L4 bit data is sequentially read in the virtual mother code.
  • the next bit of the last bit of the virtual mother code is the start bit of the virtual mother code.
  • the fourth HARQ sub-packet bit can be looped from the last cycle of the mother code to the beginning of the mother code.
  • the sub-packages can be determined according to the existing protocol.
  • the IEEE802.16e system in the case of using 1/3 code rate and CTC coding mode, as shown in FIG.
  • the processing port of the present invention After the information bit stream ⁇ ao ⁇ ,..., a 4799 ⁇ is sent to the CTC encoder, the information bit stream S ⁇ ao,ai,..., a 4799 ⁇ is formed; the school-risk bit PI ⁇ p 1; 0 , p U ,..., ⁇ ; 4799 ⁇ ; School-risk bit P2 ⁇ p 2 ,0, ⁇ 2,1 ⁇ 2,
  • the third sub-package is ⁇ m 4 8oo, m 4 8oi,..., m 4 goo+L3-i ⁇
  • fourth The sub-package is ⁇ [ 1119600,111960 ,..” m9600+L 4-1 ⁇ .
  • the first HARQ sub-packet is ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ , ..., m 5759 ⁇ ; the second HARQ sub-package is
  • the third HARQ sub-package is ⁇ 114800,11480,..., m 14 o 15 ⁇ ;
  • the fourth HARQ sub-package is ⁇ m 9 6oo,m 9 6oi,..., ni ⁇ mo ⁇ i,..., m 249 5 ⁇ ;
  • the performance of the virtual mother code code word coverage after the second transmission is observed, and it can be seen that the second transmission is performed.
  • SPID is 01.
  • the first HARQ sub-packet is ⁇ m 0 , mi, ..., m 5759 ⁇ , which is the same as the present invention
  • the second HARQ sub-package is ⁇ m 7488 , m 7487 , ..., mM ⁇ mo, !! ⁇ ,..., m 575 ⁇ .
  • the rate matching method of the present invention can better cover the mother code codeword bits under the same conditions, and minimize the occurrence of overlapping phenomena, thereby enhancing the link performance of the HARQ.
  • the present invention has been described by taking the mother code code rate and CTC code of 1/3 as an example, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can also adopt other code rates and coding modes, and
  • the HARQ sub-packets of the present invention may be transmitted more than four times. It has been previously described that the start bit of the mother code word is used as the starting point for the first transmission of HARQ. In addition, the starting point for the first transmission of HARQ may also be the starting point of the mother code word plus an offset value offset, where offset is a non-negative integer, 0 ⁇ offset ⁇ L.
  • the HARQ sub-packet data transmitted for the first time should start from the offset bit in the virtual loop buffer, and sequentially read the L1 bits, that is, the offset, offset+1, offset+2, ..., Offset+Ll - 1 bit.
  • the HARQ sub-packet data that needs to be transmitted for the second time starts from the L-L2+offset bit in the virtual loop buffer area, and sequentially reads the L2 bit, that is, the L-L2+offset, L-L2+offset +l , L-L2+offset+2 , ... , L+offset- 1 bit.
  • the third and fourth sub-packet data to be transmitted is the same as the third and fourth transmission modes in the case where the 0th bit is used as the start position.
  • a computer readable medium having stored thereon computer executable instructions for causing a computer or processor to perform, for example, when executed by a computer or processor
  • the processing of the steps shown in FIG. 9, FIG. 11, and FIG. 12, preferably, may perform one or more of the above-described method embodiments and examples.
  • Apparatus Embodiment 1 In the first embodiment, a rate matching apparatus is provided. As shown in FIG.
  • the rate matching apparatus in the first embodiment includes: An encoder (also referred to as a mother code encoder) 10 for encoding information packets to generate a codeword of length L; an interleaving module (also referred to as an interleaver) 20 for encoding a length L The word sequence is interleaved; a circular buffer (not shown) for storing the interleaved length of the mother code code word sequence; a rate matcher (also referred to as a sub-packet generating device) 30, for the slave code The codeword bits are selected in the word to generate the currently transmitted HARQ sub-packet.
  • An encoder also referred to as a mother code encoder
  • an interleaving module also referred to as an interleaver 20 for encoding a length L
  • the word sequence is interleaved
  • a circular buffer not shown
  • a rate matcher also referred to as a sub-packet generating device
  • the method further includes: in the case of transmitting the HARQ sub-packet for the first time, selecting the previous bit from the mother code codeword of length L to form the HARQ sub-packet for the first transmission, where is the predetermined length of the HARQ sub-packet for the first transmission; In the case of secondary transmission of the HARQ sub-packet, the last L 2 bits are selected from the predetermined starting position in the mother codeword of length L to constitute the second transmitted HARQ sub-packet, where L 2 is the second time.
  • the mother code encoder unit 10 is configured to encode the information bit data.
  • the turbo code is used.
  • other codes may be used according to actual needs. Taking the 1/3 code rate as an example, the information bits are sent to the mother code encoder unit to generate a systematic bit stream S and first and second parity bit streams P 1 and P2.
  • the interleaver unit 20 includes an intra-block interleaver and an inter-block interleaver.
  • the systematic bit stream S and the first and second syndrome-risk bit streams P1 and P2 are respectively inter-block interleaved by a sub-interleaver to generate a new system bit stream S and The first and second parity bit streams P1 and P2.
  • the system bits are placed in front of the circular buffer, and the bit streams of the first and second parity are interleaved by the inter-block interleaver behind the system bit stream to form a virtual circular buffer, wherein the accessed data is called
  • the mother code length is L codeword bits.
  • the next bit of the last bit in the mother codeword is the start bit of the mother code.
  • the sub-packet generating device unit 30 sequentially reads the codeword bits of the length required for each HARQ transmission from the mother code according to the SPID value, and combines them into one HARQ sub-packet.
  • the SPID is 00
  • the first HARQ sub-packet data is selected, that is, from the 0th bit in the circular buffer, the bits are sequentially read, that is, the 0th, 1st, 2nd, ..., Lrl bits
  • the second HARQ sub-packet data is selected, that is, from the LL 2 bit in the circular buffer, L 2 bits are sequentially read, that is, LL 2 , LL 2 +l, LL 2 +2,..., L-1 bit;
  • the last bit of the second HARQ sub-packet is the last bit of the mother code
  • the third HARQ sub-packet data is selected, ie , from the first check bit stream P
  • the starting position of the sub-packets in the circular buffer is determined according to the existing protocol, that is, the sub-packet start position is determined by the sub-packet length and the SPID value. And sequentially reading a plurality of bit data in the mother code.
  • the starting point of the first transmission of the HARQ ie, the predetermined starting position in the mother codeword
  • Offset where offset is a non-negative integer, 0 ⁇ offset ⁇ L.
  • Apparatus Embodiment 2 In this embodiment, a rate matching apparatus is provided. As shown in FIG.
  • the rate matching apparatus includes: an encoder (which may also be referred to as a mother code encoder) 40 for encoding an information packet to generate a codeword of length L.
  • the memory 50 is configured to store the encoded codeword.
  • An address generator 60 configured to generate a corresponding address of each codeword bit of the current HARQ sub-packet in the memory, for interleaving the codeword stored in the memory, and generating a virtual circular buffer of length L to be stored in the memory,
  • the data of the virtual loop buffer is used as a mother codeword, and the address corresponding to the codeword bit segment of the sub-packet for generating the current HARQ is continuously selected from the mother codeword, and
  • the address of the previous bit of the HARQ sub-packet that constitutes the first transmission is selected from a predetermined starting position in the mother codeword of length L, where is the HARQ for the first transmission.
  • the address of the last L 2 bits constituting the HARQ sub-packet of the second transmission is selected from the mother code code words of length L, where L 2 is the predetermined length of the HARQ sub-packet for the second transmission.
  • the codeword bit reader 70 is configured to select a codeword bit from the memory according to an address selected by the address generator to generate a currently transmitted HARQ sub-packet.
  • the mother code encoder unit 40 is for encoding the information bit data.
  • the turbo code is used, but other codes may be employed depending on actual needs.
  • the information bits are sent to the mother code encoder unit to generate a systematic bit stream S and first and second parity bit streams P 1 and P2.
  • the address generator unit 30 interleaves the codeword bits in the memory, including intra-block sub-interleaving and inter-block interleaving.
  • the systematic bitstream S and the first and second parity bitstreams P1 and P2 are inter-block interleaved by a sub-interleaver, respectively, to generate a new system bitstream S and first and second.
  • the system bits are placed in front of the virtual circular buffer, and the first and second parity bit streams are interleaved by the inter-block interleaver behind the system bit stream to form a virtual circular buffer, in which the access
  • the data is a virtual mother code
  • the mother code length is L codeword bits.
  • the next bit of the last bit in the mother codeword is the start bit of the mother code.
  • the address generator unit 60 sequentially reads the codeword bits of the length required for each HARQ transmission from the virtual mother code according to the SPID value, and constitutes a HARQ sub-packet.
  • the first HARQ sub-packet data is selected, that is, starting from the 0th bit in the virtual loop buffer, sequentially reading bits, that is, 0, 1, 2, ..., 1 ⁇ -1 bit;
  • the second HARQ sub-packet data is selected, that is, from the LL 2 bit in the virtual loop buffer, L 2 bits are sequentially read, that is, the LL 2 , LL 2 + l, LL 2 + 2, ..., L-1 bits; wherein, the last bit of the second HARQ sub-packet is the last bit of the mother code;
  • the third HARQ sub-packet data is selected, that is, the start bit from the first check bit stream P1, and the L 3 bit data is sequentially read in the virtual mother code;
  • the fourth HARQ sub-packet data is selected, that is, the start bit from the second parity bit stream P1, and the bit data is
  • the starting position of the sub-package in the virtual circular buffer is determined according to the existing protocol, that is, the sub-package starting position is determined by the sub-packet length and the SPID value. And sequentially reading a plurality of bit data in the virtual mother code.
  • the starting point of the first transmission of the HARQ ie, the predetermined starting position in the mother codeword
  • the manner of encoding is not limited to the mode of Convolution Turbo Coding (CTC) or Turbo coding, and the code for Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) code.
  • CTC Convolution Turbo Coding
  • LDPC Low Density Parity Check
  • the present invention is equally applicable. The difference is mainly that the first check bit stream P 1 of the CTC code corresponds to the punctured check bit stream of the LDPC code, and the second check stream of the CTC code corresponds to the spread check bit stream of the LDPC code.
  • the technical solution of the present invention by changing the selection mode of the bit in the mother code by the sub-package, the overlapping phenomenon occurring in the related art can be avoided to the greatest extent, and the entire mother code data can be covered to the greatest extent.
  • the implementation of the present invention does not modify the system architecture and the current processing flow, is easy to implement, facilitates promotion in the technical field, and has strong industrial applicability.
  • the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the scope of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

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Description

速率匹配方法和装置
技术领域 本发明涉及通信领域, 并且特别地, 涉及一种速率匹配方法和装置。 背景技术 数字通信系统是目前常用的通信系统。图 1示出了数字通信系统的一般 结构。 如图 1所示, 通常, 数字通信系统由发射端、 信道和接收端组成, 其 中, 发射端通常包括信源、 信源编码器、 信道编码器和调制器等部分, 接收 端通常包括解调器、 信道译码器、 信源译码器和信宿, 发射端与接收端之间 存在信道(或存储介质 ), 并且信道中存在噪声源。 在数字通信系统中, 信道编码链路 (包括信道编译码、 调制解调等)是 整个数字通信物理层的关键技术, 其决定了数字通信系统底层传输的有效性 和可靠性。 下面将详细描述信道编码链路部分中的信道编译码、调制解调等部分的 功能。 信道编码 ( Channel Coding ) 的目的是抗击传输过程中存在的各种各样 的噪声和干扰。 通常, 通过人为地增加冗余信息, 能够使得系统具有自动纠 正差错的能力, 从而保证数字传输的可靠性。 Turbo 码是目前公认的最优的 前向纠错编码之一 , 在众多标准协议中被广泛采用为数据业务传输的信道编 码解决方案, 而且随着译码迭代次数的增加, 其译码纠错性能能够被不断完 善。目前常用的 Turbo码包括二进制 Turbo码和 CTC码(双二进制 Turbo码)。 其中前者被应用于 3GPP 长期演进 ( LTE ) 标准十办议中, 而后者被应用于 IEEE802.16e标准协议中。 速率匹配 ( Rate Matching ) 处理是信道编码后的一项非常关键的技术 , 其目的是对信道编码后的码字比特进行由算法控制的重复或打孔, 以保证速 率匹配后的数据比特长度与为其分配的物理信道资源相匹配。 目前, 速率匹 配算法主要有以下两种: 3GPP R6 速率匹配算法和循环緩存速率匹配 ( Circular Buffer Rate Matching , 筒称为 CBRM ) 算法。 其中, 循环緩存速率匹配算法能够生成删余图样性能优秀的筒单算法, 在 3GPP2的系列标准、 IEEE802.16e标准和 3GPP LTE等通信系统中都采用 这种速率匹配算法。 在循环緩存速率匹配算法中, 在码率为 1/3的情况下, Turbo编码输出 的码字比特经比特分离后会分离出三个数据比特流: 系统比特流、 第一校验 比特流和第二校验比特流。 上述三个数据比特流各自进入分块交织器重新排 列, 该处理过程通常被称为块内交织。 然后, 在输出緩存器中, 将重排后的 系统比特放在开始位置, 随后交错地放置两个重排的校验比特流, 该过程被 称为块间交织。 并且, 在该处理过程中, 可以才艮据期望的输出码率选择 Ndata个编码比 特作为循环緩存速率匹配的输出; 循环緩存速率匹配从输出緩存器中某个指 定的开始位置读出 Ndata个编码比特, 被称为比特选择。 总的来说, 被选择 用于传输的比特可以从緩存器中的任何位置读出来。 当读取循环緩存区的最 后一个比特后, 读取循环緩存区的首个比特数据作为其下一个比特数据。 所 以, 通过筒单的方法便可实现基于循环緩存的速率匹配(删余或重复)。 对于 下面将要描述的混合自动请求重传 ( HARQ ) 操作 , 循环緩存还具有灵活性 和颗粒度的优势。
HARQ是一种数字通信系统中极其重要的链路自适应技术。该技术的功 能是: 接收端对其接收的 HARQ数据包进行译码, 若译码正确则反馈 ACK 信号给发送端, 通知其发送新的 HARQ数据包; 若译码失败则反馈 NACK 信号给发送端 , 请求发送端重新发送 HARQ数据包。 接收端通过对多次重传 的数据包进行 IR或 Chase合并译码, 可以提高其译码成功概率, 实现对链路 传输的高可靠性要求。 在混合自动请求重传( HARQ )方式下, 在循环緩存中可以指定不同的 位置作为每次传输 HARQ 数据包读取的起点位置。 冗余版本(Redundancy Version , 筒称为 RV )的定义即确定了 HARQ数据包在循环緩存中读取的多 个起点位置 ,冗余版本的取值便确定了本次传输 HARQ数据包在循环緩存中 读取的具体起点位置。 例如, 在 LTE 中, 冗余版本定义了在循环緩存的起点, 用于选择一段 码字生成当前的 HARQ包。 如果 RV数目为 4, 则冗余版本以 0、 1、 2和 3 从左到右的顺序在循环緩存中均匀地标示四个位置。 更加具体的描述可以参 照 LTE的虚拟循环緩存速率匹配的提案和标准, 本文中对此不再详述。
HARQ子包指示符 ( HARQ subpacket identifier, 筒称为 SPID ) 目前被 应用于 IEEE802.16e标准中, 它与冗余版本 RV的作用在本质上是相同的 , 即 , 都可用来确定子包数据在循环緩存区中的具体位置。 在 IEEE802.16e系统中 , HARQ子包指示符与 HARQ数据包长度共同 定义了 HARQ子包数据在循环緩存区中的起始位置和长度,以便在循环緩存 区中选择一段码字来生成当前的 HARQ子包。 其中, SPID的取值范围是 { 00, 01 , 10 , 11 }。 首次传输的 SPID值一 定为 00 , 其他重传时的 SPID取值则可任意的或按一定顺序的在其范围内进 行选择。 也就是说, 在多次传输时, 可能重复使用某一个 SPID值, 或者也 可能不使用某一个 SPID值。 在 HARQ机制下 ,基于同一个母码的数据下可能产生多个 HARQ子包。 当两个或者多个 HARQ 子包读取母码中相同位置比特时, 就发生了重叠 ( Overlapping ) 现象。 为了提高系统性能 , 应该尽量避免重叠现象, 并覆盖 尽可能多的母码数据。 图 2是在 IEEE802.16e标准、 1/3码率、 采用 CTC编码的情况下的速率 匹配过程示意图。 其中, 重传的处理过程涉及到对 S信息位、 P1 校验区和 P2校验区的块内交织 , 在图 2所示的处理过程中 , 进行了四次重传, 即, 传 输了四个子包, 具体地, 第一次重传的第一个子包(Fl = 0&L1 )与第二次重 传的第二个子包 (F2&L2 ) 出现了重叠现象, 同时还存在没有被覆盖到的母 码码字, 在第二次重传之后还传输了第三个子包 (F3&L3 ) 和第四个子包 ( F4&L4 )。 在自适应 HARQ传输模式中 , 每个 HARQ子包的长度和调制阶数的值 都与 HARQ子包的子信道数的取值有关,而由于每次传输的子包子信道数可 能受多种因素影响而发生改变,所以每次传输的调制阶数和 HARQ子包的长 度都可能发生改变。 可以看出, 在这种自适应 HARQ重传机制中, 由于子包长度和 SPID的 取值不同, 一方面会产生严重的重叠现象, 导致反复传输相同内容的数据, 尤其是当 SPID值反复重复时, 很有可能导致子包数据大面积重叠; 另一方 面会导致某些数据内容始终不能被传输, 从而严重影响系统性能。 下面以 IEEE802.16e系统中 1/3编码码率、 采用 CTC编码为例列举如 下两种情况进行描述: 情况一: 在第一次传输时速率 1 ( RATE1 ) 为 2/3 , SPID的取值为 00 , 而在第二次传输时速率 2 ( RATE2 ) 为 1/2 , SPID的取值依然为 00。 由于母 码码字放在循环緩存器中, 因此子包选择方式可参见图 3所示的环形。 从图 3中可以看出, 由于 SPID取值为 00 , 所以子包数据的起始位置即为 循环緩存区的起始位置。 其中, 循环緩存区的索引从 0开始。 由图可见, 首传 和第二次传输的起始位置相同, 因此两次传输中较小的子包被全部重叠。 类似的, 当第 k次传输时如果 SPID值仍旧为 00, 则起始位置仍为循环 緩存区的起始位置,此时和首传子包会出现严重的重叠,导致系统性能降低。 情况二: 在第一次传输时 SPID的取值为 00 , 而在第二次传输时 SPID 取值不为 00。 在这种情况下, 由于首传和二次重传时码率发生变化, 子包长度也随之 变化。 因此, 可能出现在一部分内容发生重叠而另一部分内容并没有被覆盖 的情况。如图 4至图 6所示,其中横坐标表示整个母码长度,纵坐标表示 HARQ 子包数据在母码中的覆盖情况: 0表示没有被覆盖, 1表示被覆盖一次, 2表 示被覆盖两次, 即, 发生重叠现象。 当纵坐标上同时存在 0和 2时, 表示既 有重叠又有未被覆盖的内容。其中, 图 4示出了 Ratel为 5/6, Rate2为 25/48 , K = 4800 bit时的覆盖情况; 图 5示出了 Ratel为 5/6, Rate2为 25/48 , K = 4800 bit时的覆盖情况; 图 6示出了 Ratel为 5/6, Rate2为 20/39, K = 3840 bit 时的覆盖情况。 由图 4至 6可见, 尽管选取不同的码率、 码长和 SPID值, 仍然经常出现重叠现象。 进一步地, 如图 7和图 8所示, 在系统比特长度为 4800比特, 首传码 率为 5/6 , 二次重传码率为 25/39时, 覆盖情况如下: SPID取值为 01时, 在 P0到 P3的内容被重叠的' I"青况下, P1到 P2的内 容没有被覆盖;
SPID取值为 10时, 在 P3到 P1的内容被重叠的情况下, P4到母码末 端的内容没有被覆盖; SPID取值为 11时, 在 P0到 P5的内容被重叠的情况下, P1到 P4的内 容没有被覆盖。 由图 7和图 8可以看出,在系统比特长度为 4800比特,首传码率为 5/6, 二次重传码率为 25/39的情况下, 仍旧不能够避免这种重叠的现象出现。 从以上描述可以看出, 相关技术中速率匹配的重叠现象出现几率很高, 对此, 目前尚未提出有效的解决方案。 发明内容 考虑到相关技术中速率匹配处理重叠现象出现几率很高的问题而做出 本发明, 为此, 本发明的主要目的在于提供一种速率匹配方法和装置, 以解 决上述问题。 才艮据本发明的一个方面, 提供了一种速率匹配方法。 根据本发明的速率匹配方法包括:对信息比特序列进行编码和交织得到 长度为 L的母码码字, 其中, 母码码字包括系统比特部分和校验比特部分; 在首次传输 HARQ子包的情况下 , 从母码码字中的预定位置起选择前 个 比特组成首次传输的 HARQ子包, 其中, 为首次传输的 HARQ子包的预 定长度; 在第二次传输 HARQ子包的情况下,从长度为 L的母码码字中选择 最后 L2个比特组成第二次传输的 HARQ 子包, 其中, L2为第二次传输的 HARQ子包的预定长度。 其中, 对信息分组进行编码和交织, 得到系统比特部分和校验比特部分 的处理具体为: 将信息分组进行编码, 得到系统比特部分和交织前的校验比 特部分, 并将得到的系统比特部分作为母码码字中的系统比特部分; 对交织 前的校验比特部分进行块内交织, 得到块内交织后的校验比特部分; 对块内 交织后的校验比特部分进行块间交织 , 得到块间交织后的校验比特部分, 并 将块间交织后的校验比特部分作为母码码字中的校验比特部分。 此外 , 对信息分组进行编码和交织 , 得到系统比特部分和校 -险比特部分 的处理具体为: 将信息分组进行编码, 得到交织前的系统比特部分和交织前 的校验比特部分; 对交织前的系统比特部分和交织前的校验比特部分进行块 内交织 , 得到块内交织后的系统比特部分和块内交织后的校-险比特部分, 并 将块内交织后的系统比特部分作为母码码字中的系统比特部分; 对块内交织 后的校验比特部分进行块间交织 , 得到块间交织后的校验比特部分, 并将块 间交织后的校验比特部分作为母码码字中的校验比特部分。 此外, 在对信息分组进行编码时, 在进行编码的编码器的码率为 1/r的 情况下, 得到的交织前的校验比特流的数量为 r-l。 可选地, 在之后传输 HARQ子包的情况下, 该方法可进一步包括: 根 据存储的母码码字的校验比特部分中的校验比特流的起始位置从母码码字中 选择比特组成后续传输的 HARQ子包。 具体地,在母码码字中的预定位置为母码码字的首个比特加上一预定偏 移值 n的情况下, 则在第二次传输 HARQ子包的情况下, 将长度为 L的母码 码字的后 n个码字之外的最后 L2个比特作为第二次传输的 HARQ子包, 其 中, n小于 L JL为非负整数。 优选地, 在从母码码字中选择比特组成 HARQ子包的过程中, 将母码 码字的起始比特作为母码码字的最后一个比特的下一个比特。 优选地,对信息比特序列进行编码的方式包括以下之一:回旋涡轮编码、 涡轮编码、 低密度奇偶校验。 才艮据本发明的另一方面, 提供了一种速率匹配装置。 根据本发明的速率匹配装置包括: 编码器 , 用于对信息分组进行编码 , 产生长度为 L的码字; 交织器,对长度为 L的码字序列进行交织; 循环緩存, 用于存储交织后的母码码字序列; 速率匹配器, 用于从母码码字中选择码字 比特, 产生当前传输的 HARQ子包, 其中, 在首次传输 HARQ子包的情况 下,从长度为 L的母码码字中的预定起始位置起选择前 个比特组成首次传 输的 HARQ子包, 其中, 为首次传输的 HARQ子包的预定长度; 在第二 次传输 HARQ子包的情况下, 从长度为 L的母码码字中选择最后 L2个比特 组成第二次传输的 HARQ子包, 其中, 为第二次传输的 HARQ子包的预 定长度。 其中, 速率匹配器还可用于: 在之后传输 HARQ子包的情况下, 根据 存储的母码码字的校验比特部分中的校验比特流的起始位置从母码码字中选 择比特组成后续传输的 HARQ子包。 交织器可以进一步包括: 块内交织器 , 用于对编码后的信息分组进行块 内交织 , 得到块内交织后的校验比特部分, 或者进一步得到块内交织后的系 统比特部分; 块间交织器 , 用于对块内交织后的校验比特部分进行块间交织 , 得到块间交织后的校验比特部分。 此外,循环存储器用于将块内交织后的系统比特部分或未经交织的系统 比特部分作为母码码字的系统比特部分存储在循环存储器的起始位置。 并且,循环存储器用于将块间交织后的校验比特部分存储在循环存储器 中系统比特部分之后的位置。 根据本发明的再一方面, 提供了一种速率匹配装置。 根据本发明的速率匹配装置包括: 编码器, 用于对信息分组进行编码, 产生长度为 L的码字; 存储器, 用于存储编码后的码字; 地址发生器, 用于 产生当前 HARQ子包的每个码字比特在存储器中对应的地址,用于对存储器 中存储的码字进行交织, 产生长度为 L的虚拟循环緩存存储在存储器中, 将 虚拟循环緩存的数据作为母码码字 , 并且从母码码字中连续选择用于产生当 前 HARQ的子包的码字比特段所对应的地址, 其中, 在首次传输 HARQ子 包的情况下 , 从长度为 L的母码码字中的预定起始位置起选择组成首次传输 的 HARQ子包的前 个比特的地址, 其中, 为首次传输的 HARQ子包的 预定长度; 在第二次传输 HARQ子包的情况下,从长度为 L的母码码字中选 择组成第二次传输的 HARQ子包的最后 L2个比特的地址, 其中, L2为第二 次传输的 HARQ子包的预定长度; 码字比特读取器, 用于根据地址发生器选 择的地址从存储器中选择码字比特 , 产生当前传输的 HARQ子包。 其中 , 地址发生器还可用于: 在之后传输 HARQ子包的情况下 , 根据 存储的母码码字的校验比特部分中的校验比特流的起始位置从母码码字中选 择组成后续传输的 HARQ子包的比特的地址。 借助本发明的上述技术方案, 通过子包在母码中改变比特的选择方式, 能够最大程度的避免相关技术中出现的重叠现象, 并且可以最大程度的覆盖 整个母码数据, 增强了 HARQ多次重传链路的性能。 附图说明 此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解 ,构成本申请的一部 分, 本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明, 并不构成对本发明的 不当限定。 在附图中: 图 1是根据相关技术的数字通信系统的结构框图; 图 2是根据相关技术的速率匹配处理的示意图; 图 3是相关技术中第一次传输与第二次传输时 SPID取值相等时出现重 叠现象的环形示意图; 图 4是相关技术中第一次传输与第二次传输时 SPID取值不同且 Ratel 为 5/6, Rate2等于 25/48 , K = 4800 bit时的重叠情况示意图; 图 5是相关技术中第一次传输与第二次传输时 SPID取值不同且 Ratel 为 5/6, Rate2等于 25/48 , K = 4800 bit时的重叠情况示意图; 图 6是相关技术中第一次传输与第二次传输时 SPID取值不同且 Ratel 为 5/6, Rate2等于 20/39, K = 3840 bit时的重叠情况示意图; 图 7是相关技术中第一次传输与第二次传输时 SPID取值不同且系统比 特长度为 4800比特, 首传码率为 5/6, 二次重传码率为 25/39时的重叠情况 示意图; 图 8是相关技术中第一次传输与第二次传输时 SPID取值不同且系统比 特长度为 4800比特, 首传码率为 5/6, 二次重传码率为 25/39时的重叠情况 环形示意图; 图 9是才艮据本发明方法实施例的速率匹配方法的流程图; 图 10是采用才艮据本发明方法实施例的速率匹配方法后的重叠情况环形 示意图; 图 11 是才艮据本发明方法实施例的速率匹配方法的处理实例一的流程 图; 图 12 是才艮据本发明方法实施例的速率匹配方法的处理实例二的流程 图; 图 13是采用根据本发明方法实施例的速率匹配方法后的母码覆盖情况 的示意图; 图 14采用根据本发明方法实施例的速率匹配方法进行 4次传输时覆盖 情况的环形示意图; 图 15是才艮据本发明装置实施例一的速率匹配装置的框图; 图 16是才艮据本发明装置实施例二的速率匹配装置的框图。 具体实施方式 功能相克述 本发明在混合自动重传请求( HARQ )传输方式下提出了一种筒单有效 的基于循环緩存器的速率匹配算法, 通过改变母码中比特的选择方法来减少 重叠现象的发生, 并达到了尽量覆盖所有的母码区域的目的, 从而增强了 HARQ多次重传链路的性能, 尤其是增强了第二次传输的链路性能。 方法实施例 在本实施例中, 提供了一种速率匹配方法。 如图 9所示, 才艮据本实施例的速率匹配方法包括: 步骤 S902,对信息比特序列进行编码和交织得到长度为 L的母码码字, 其中 , 母码码字包括系统比特部分和校验比特部分; 步骤 S904, 在首次传输 HARQ子包的情况下 , 从母码码字中的预定起 始位置 (可以是母码码字的起点, 也可以是该起点加上一个偏移值 offset, 该偏移值为非负整数 )起选择前 个比特组成首次传输的 HARQ子包, 其 中, 为首次传输的 HARQ子包的预定长度; 步骤 S906, 在第二次传输 HARQ子包的情况下, 从长度为 L的母码码 字中选择最后 L2个比特组成第二次传输的 HARQ子包, 其中, L2为第二次 传输的 HARQ子包的预定长度。 其中, 对信息分组进行编码和交织, 得到系统比特部分和校验比特部分 的处理可以为: 将信息分组进行编码, 得到系统比特部分和交织前的校验比特部分, 并 将得到的系统比特部分作为母码码字中的系统比特部分; 对交织前的校验比 特部分进行块内交织 , 得到块内交织后的校验比特部分; 对块内交织后的校 验比特部分进行块间交织 , 得到块间交织后的校验比特部分, 并将块间交织 后的校验比特部分作为母码码字中的校验比特部分。 另一方面, 对信息分组进行编码和块内交织 , 得到系统比特部分和校验 比特部分的处理还可以为: 将信息分组进行编码, 得到交织前的系统比特部 分和交织前的校-险比特部分; 对交织前的系统比特部分和交织前的校-险比特 部分进行块内交织 , 得到块内交织后的系统比特部分和块内交织后的校验比 特部分, 并将块内交织后的系统比特部分作为母码码字中的系统比特部分; 对块内交织后的校验比特部分进行块间交织 , 得到块间交织后的校验比特部 分, 并将块间交织后的校验比特部分作为母码码字中的校验比特部分。 也就是说, 系统比特部分可以是经过交织的, 也可以是未经过交织的。 此外, 在对信息分组进行编码时, 在进行编码的编码器的码率为 1/r的 情况下, 得到的交织前的校验比特流的数量为 r-l。 也就是说, 将信息分组送到码率为 1/r的编码器后, 会产生系统比特流 S和 (r-1 ) 个校验比特流, 例如, 当码率为是 1/3时, 校验比特流为 2个; 当码率为 1/5时, 校验比特流为 4个。 在该方法中, 在从母码码字中选择比特组成 HARQ子包的过程中, 将 母码码字的起始比特作为母码码字的最后一个比特的下一个比特。 即, 如图 10所示: 假设母码长度为 L, 对于第一次需要传输的 HARQ 子包数据, 可以从循环緩存区中的第 0比特开始 (这里将第 0个比特作为起 始位置), 顺序读取 L1个比特, 即, 第 0,1,2,..., L1-1比特; 在第二次需要传输的 HARQ子包数据时,从循环緩存区中的第 L-L2比 特开始, 顺序读取 L2个比特, 即, 第 L-L2,L-L2+l,L-L2+2,..., L-1比特。 这样就能够最大限度地避免第一个 HARQ和第二个 HARQ子包在母码 中的重叠现象, 同时也最大限度的覆盖了母码区域, 增强了 HARQ二次重传 链路的性能。 除此之外, 对信息分组进行编码和交织, 得到的交织后的系统比特流和 块间交织后的校-险比特流的处理, 还可以具体为: 将信息分组进行编码, 得到交织前的系统比特流和交织前的校-险比特 流 对交织前的系统比特流和交织前的校验比特流通过地址发生器进行块 内交织 , 得到交织后的系统比特流 S以及交织后的校 -险比特流; 对块内交织后的校-险比特流通过地址发生器进行块间交织 ,得到块间交 织后的校-险比特:流 P。 jt匕外, 对交织后的系统比特流的处理具体为: 在地址发生器中^1交织后 的系统比特流存储在虚拟循环存储器的起始位置。 此夕卜, 对块间交织后的校验比特流的处理具体为: 在地址发生器中将块 间交织后的校验比特流存储在虚拟循环存储器中系统比特流之后的位置。 此外, 在对信息分组进行编码时, 在进行编码的编码器的码率为 1/r的 情况下, 得到的交织前的校验比特流的数量为 r-l。 并且, 在进行首次传输和后续传输的情况下, 才艮据虚拟循环緩存中交织 后的系统比特流和校验比特流的存储顺序依次选择组成首次传输的 HARQ 子包或后续传输的 HARQ子包的比特,并且母码的最后一个比特的下一个比 特为母码的起始比特。 对于第一次传输的 HARQ子包和第二次传输的 HARQ子包的选择同样 可以参照图 10, 这里不再重复。 在实际应用中, 后续的 HARQ传输不仅限于 2次, 而可以是多次。 在第二次传输 HARQ子包之后, 如果需要继续传输 (第三次传输、 第 四次传输、 第四次传输之后的传输 ), 则该方法还可以进一步包括:
码码字中选择比特组成后续传输的 HARQ子包。 下面将结合具体实例描述本发明的处理过程。 实例一, 下面将以 1/3码率为例 (但不局限于 1/3码率) 详细描述本发 明。 如图 11所示, 在 1/3码率的情况下, 本发明的处理过程如下: ( 111 ) 将长度为 K的信息送到 1/3码率 Turbo码编码器, 产生一个系 统比特流 S和第一、 第二校-险比特流 P1和 P2。
( 112 ) 对 Turbo编码器编出的码字, 系统比特流 S和第一、 第二校验 比特流 P1和 P2分别通过一个子交织器进行块内交织 , 产生新的系统比特流 S和第一、 第二校验比特流 P1和 P2。 ( 113 ) 将系统比特放在循环緩存器前面, 第一、 第二奇偶校验的比特 流经过块间交织器交错地放在系统比特流后面 , 最终形成一个循环緩存区 , 其中存取的数据就是上述的母码, 母码长度为 L个码字比特。 其中, 由于母 码码字放在循环緩存中, 母码码字中最后一个比特的下一个比特是母码的第 0个比特, 母码的索引从 0开始。 ( 114 )从母码中顺序读取每次 HARQ传输所需长度的码字比特, 组成 一个 HARQ子包。 优选地 , 每次 HARQ子包的读取位置由下面过程决定: 首先, 每次进行 HARQ子包传输时, 先确定 HARQ子包的长度。 其次, 在母码中循环读取每次需要传输的 HARQ子包的数据内容。 其 读取的方法如下: 第一次需要传输的 HARQ子包数据 ,从循环緩存区中的第 0比特开始 , 顺序读取 L1比特, 即, 第 0,1,2,..., L1-1比特。 其中, L1为第一个子包长度; 第二次需要传输的 HARQ子包数据,从循环緩存区中的第 L-L2比特开 始, 顺序读取 L2比特, 即, 第 L-L2,L-L2+l,L-L2+2,..., L-1比特。 其中, L2 为第二个子包长度,且第二个 HARQ子包最后一个比特为母码的最后一个比 特; 第三次需要传输的 HARQ子包 , 其在母码中的起始位置为第一个校验 比特流 PI的第一个比特, 并在母码中顺序读取 L3个比特数据; 第四次需要传输的 HARQ子包, 其在母码中的起始位置为第二个校验 比特流 P2的第一个比特 , 并在母码中顺序读取 L4个比特数据。 其中, 读取数据时, 母码的最后一个比特的下一个比特为母码的起始比 特。 如图 13 所示, 第一次重传和第二次重传的比特不存在重叠, 并且第四 个 HARQ子包比特的可以从母码的最后循环到母码的开始处。 此外, 如果有多于四次的重传子包, 则可以才艮据现有协议确定子包在循 环緩存区中的起始位置 , 即 , 通过子包长度和 SPID值确定子包起始位置 , 并在母码中顺序读取多个比特数据。 例如, 有一个 K=4800比特的信息比特数据流 S, 在 IEEE802.16e系统 中, 在采用 1/3编码码率和 CTC编码方式的情况下, 如图 14所示, 本发明 的处理如下: 将信息比特流 {ao^,..., a4799}送入 CTC 编码器后, 形成信息比特流 S {ao,ai,..., a4799} ; 校-险比特 PI {ρι,ο,Ρι,ι,..., Ρι,479<)} ; 校-险比特 P2 {p2,0,Ρ2,1,· · ·, Ρ2, 4799} '·> 经过块内子交织器后, 形成新的系统比特 ¾ u S { ο', ι',..., a4799,}, 校险 比特流 PI {p Ι,θ',Ρΐ,ΐ',···, Pl,4799' } ' Ρ2 {ρ2,θ',Ρ2,ΐ',···, Ρ2, 4799' }; 再经过块间子交织器后, 形成母码码字, 并存放于循环緩存区 , 即
{ mo^i,..., m14,}; 最后, 从循环緩存区中顺序读取每次 HARQ 传输所需的 个的码字 比特, 组成一个 HARQ子包。 其中, 第一个 HARQ 子包为 { m nn,..., mL1-1 } ; 第二个子包为 { mL-L2,mL-L2+i,..., rtiL-i }; 第三个子包为 { m48oo,m48oi,..., m4goo+L3-i }, 第四个子 包为 ■[ 1119600,111960 ,.." m9600+L4-1 }。 其中, 由于母码码字放在循环緩存中, 母码码字中最后一个比特的下一 个比特是母码的第 0个比特, 母码的索引从 0开始。 特别地, 当四次 HARQ 传输码率分别 Rl=5/6, R2=25/39, R3=25/48, R4=25/38时, 在上述条件下按照本发明进行速率匹配时, 则有: 第一个 HARQ 子包为 { mo,!!^,..., m5759 } ; 第二个 HARQ 子包为
{ m6912,m6913,. - -, m14399 }; 第三个 HARQ子包为 { 11 4800,11 480 ,..., m14o15 }; 第四 个 HARQ子包为 { m96oo,m96oi ,..., 11^4399,11 0,11^,..., m2495 }; 可见, 在本次发明的速率匹配方法下, 在第二次 HARQ子包传输后, 尽 管母码码字 { } 共 1152个比特未被覆盖到, 但是也并不存 在重叠现象。 相对地, 在同等条件下, 如果要通过 IEEE802.16e标准进行速率匹配, 即, 如图 8所示, 观察第二次传输后的母码码字覆盖性能, 可以看出当第二 次传输选用 SPID为 01时为最优情况。其中,第一个 HARQ子包为 { m nn,..., 1115759 }, 与本发明相同; 第二个 HARQ子包为 { m 488,m 48 ,..., mi4399,mo,mi,„" m575 }。 可见母码 { m576。,m5761,..., m7487 } 共 1728个比特未被覆盖到, 而此时 的母码码字 { ΠΙΟ,Π ,..., m575 } 共 576个比特被传输两次, 即, 发生了重叠。 因此 ,本发明的速率匹配方式在相同的条件下能够更好的覆盖母码码字 比特, 并尽量减少重叠现象的发生, 从而增强了 HARQ的链路性能。 需要指出的是, 尽管之前以 1/3的母码编码码率和 CTC编码为例描述 了本发明, 但是本领域技术人员应当理解, 本发明还可以采用其它的码率和 编码方式, 并且, 本发明的 HARQ子包的传输次数可以多于四次。 实例二, 下面将以 1/3码率为例 (但不局限于 1/3码率) 详细描述本发 明。 如图 12所示, 在 1/3码率的情况下, 本发明的处理过程如下:
( 121 ) 将长度为 K的信息送到 1/3码率 Turbo码编码器, 产生一个系 统比特流 S和第一、 第二校-险比特流 P1和 P2。
( 122 ) 将 Turbo编码器编出的码字, 系统比特流 S和第一、 第二校验 比特流 P 1和 P2存储在存储器中。
( 123 )对存储器中的码字, 系统比特流 S和第一、 第二校验比特流 P1 和 P2分别通过地址发生器进行块内交织, 产生新的系统比特流 S和第一、 第二校验比特流 P1和 P2 , 形成虚拟循环緩存器。 ( 124 ) 将系统比特放在虚拟循环緩存器前面, 第一、 第二奇偶校验的 比特流通过地址发生器进行块间交织 , 即 , 在虚拟循环緩存器中交错的存储 于系统比特流之后, 最终形成一个虚拟循环緩存区, 其中存取的数据就是虚 拟的母码, 母码长度为 L个码字比特。 其中, 由于虚拟母码码字放在虚拟循 环緩存中, 母码码字中最后一个比特的下一个比特是母码的第 0个比特, 母 码的索引从 0开始。
( 125 ) 通过码字比特读取器, 才艮据地址发生器产生地址从存储器中选 择码字比特, 产生当前传输的 HARQ子包。 也即在虚拟母码中顺序读取每次 HARQ传输所需长度的码字比特, 组成一个 HARQ子包。 优选地 , 每次 HARQ子包的读取位置可以通过以下处理过程来确定: 首先, 每次进行 HARQ子包传输时, 先确定 HARQ子包的长度。 其次,在虚拟母码中循环读取每次需要传输的 HARQ子包的数据内容。 其读取的方法 ^口下: 第一次需要传输的 HARQ子包数据, 从虚拟循环緩存区中的第 0比特 开始, 顺序读取 L1比特, 即, 第 0,1,2,..., L1-1比特。 其中, L1为第一个子 包长度; 第二次需要传输的 HARQ子包数据,从虚拟循环緩存区中的第 L-L2比 特开始, 顺序读取 L2比特, 即, 第 L-L2,L-L2+l,L-L2+2,..., L-1比特。 其中, L2为第二个子包长度, 且第二个 HARQ子包最后一个比特为母码的最后一 个比特; 第三次需要传输的 HARQ子包, 其在虚拟母码中的起始位置为第一个 校-险比特流 P1的第一个比特, 并在虚拟母码中顺序读取 L3个比特数据; 第四次需要传输的 HARQ子包, 其在虚拟母码中的起始位置为第二个 校验比特流 P2的第一个比特 , 并在虚拟母码中顺序读取 L4个比特数据。 其中, 读取数据时, 虚拟母码的最后一个比特的下一个比特为虚拟母码 的起始比特。 如图 13所示, 第四个 HARQ子包比特可以从母码的最后循环 到母码的开始处。 此外, 如果有多于四次的重传子包, 则可以才艮据现有协议确定子包在虚 拟循环緩存区中的起始位置, 即, 通过子包长度和 SPID值确定子包起始位 置 , 并在虚拟母码中顺序读取多个比特数据。 例如, 有一个 K=4800比特的信息比特数据流 S, 在 IEEE802.16e系统 中, 在采用 1/3编码码率和 CTC编码方式的情况下, 如图 14所示, 本发明 的处理 口下: 将信息比特流 {ao^,..., a4799}送入 CTC 编码器后, 形成信息比特流 S {ao,ai,..., a4799} ; 校-险比特 PI {p1;0,pU,..., Ρι;4799}; 校-险比特 P2 {p2 ,0,Ρ2,1 Ρ2,
4799} '■> 在地址发生器中,经过块内子交织后,形成新的系统比特流 S {ao',ai',..., a4799,}, 校验比特流 PI {ρ^ο',ρυ',..., PW799'}' Ρ2 {p2;o',P2;l',..., P2, 4799'}; 在地址发生器中, 再经过块间子交织后, 形成虚拟母码码字, 并存放于 虚拟循环緩存区, 即 {m0,mi,..., 11114399}; 最后, 从虚拟循环緩存区中顺序读取每次 HARQ 传输所需的 个的 码字比特, 组成一个 HARQ子包。 其中, 第一个 HARQ 子包为 {m nn,..., mLi-i }; 第二个子包为
{mL-L2,mL-L2+i,..., rtiL-i }; 第三个子包为 {m48oo,m48oi,..., m4goo+L3-i }, 第四个子 包为 ■[ 1119600,111960 ,.." m9600+L4-1 }。 其中, 由于虚拟母码码字放在虚拟循环緩存中 , 母码码字中最后一个比 特的下一个比特是母码的第 0个比特, 母码的索引从 0开始。 特别地, 当四次 HARQ传输码率分别 Rl=5/6、 R2=25/39、 R3=25/48、
R4=25/38时, 在上述条件下按照本发明进行速率匹配时, 则有: 第一个 HARQ 子包为 { ηΐο,Π ,..., m5759 }; 第二个 HARQ 子包为
{m6912,m6913,.--, m14399}; 第三个 HARQ子包为 {114800,11480 ,..., m14o15}; 第四 个 HARQ子包为 { m96oo,m96oi,..., n i^^mo^i,..., m2495 }; 可见, 在本次发明的速率匹配方法下, 在第二次 HARQ子包传输后, 尽管虚拟母码码字 { } 共 1152个比特未被覆盖到, 但是 也并不存在重叠现象。 相对地, 在同等条件下, 如果要通过 IEEE 802.16e标准进行速率匹配, 即, 如图 8所示, 观察第二次传输后的虚拟母码码字覆盖性能, 可以看出当 第二次传输选用 SPID 为 01 时为最优情况。 其中, 第一个 HARQ 子包为 { m0,mi,..., m5759 }, 与本发明相同; 第二个 HARQ 子包为 { m7488,m7487,..., mM ^mo,!!^,..., m575 }。 可见虚 以母码 { m5760,m5761,..., m7487 } 共 1728个 t匕特 未被覆盖到, 而此时的虚拟母码码字 { mo,!!^,..., m575 } 共 576个比特被传输 两次, 即, 发生了重叠。 因此 ,本发明的速率匹配方式在相同的条件下能够更好的覆盖母码码字 比特, 并尽量减少重叠现象的发生, 从而增强了 HARQ的链路性能。 需要指出的是, 尽管之前以 1/3的母码编码码率和 CTC编码为例描述 了本发明, 但是本领域技术人员应当理解, 本发明还可以采用其它的码率和 编码方式, 并且, 本发明的 HARQ子包的传输次数可以多于四次。 之前已经描述了将母码码字的起始比特作为首次传输 HARQ的起点。 此外, 首次传输 HARQ 的起点还可以是母码码字的起点加上一个偏移值 offset , 其中 offset是非负整数 , 0 < offset < L。 此时, 第一次传输的 HARQ子包数据 , 应当是从虚拟循环緩存区中的 第 offset比特开始, 顺序读取 L1比特, 即, 第 offset, offset+1 , offset+2 , ... , offset+Ll - 1比特。 相应地, 第二次需要传输的 HARQ子包数据, 从虚拟循环 緩存区中的第 L-L2+offset比特开始, 顺序读取 L2比特, 即, 第 L-L2+offset , L-L2+offset+l , L-L2+offset+2 , ... , L+offset- 1比特。 第三次与第四次需要传 输的子包数据与上述将第 0比特作为起始位置的情况下第三次和第四次的传 输方式 目同。 才艮据本发明实施例, 还提供了一种计算机可读介质, 该计算机可读介质 上存储有计算机可执行的指令, 当该指令被计算机或处理器执行时, 使得计 算机或处理器执行如图 9、 图 11和图 12所示的各步骤的处理, 优选地, 可 以执行上述的方法实施例及各实例中的一个或多个。 装置实施例一 在本实施例一中, 提供了一种速率匹配装置。 如图 15所示, 居本实施例一的速率匹配装置包括: 编码器(也可以称为母码编码器) 10 , 用于对信息分组进行编码, 产生 长度为 L的码字; 交织模块 (也可以称为交织器) 20, 用于对长度为 L 的码字序列进行 交织; 循环緩存 (未示出), 用于存储交织后的长度为 L的母码码字序列; 速率匹配器(也可以称为子包生成装置) 30, 用于从母码码字中选择码 字比特, 产生当前传输的 HARQ子包。 进一步包括: 在首次传输 HARQ子包的情况下, 从长度为 L的母码码字中选择前 个比特组成首次传输的 HARQ子包, 其中, 为首次传输的 HARQ子包的 预定长度; 在第二次传输 HARQ子包的情况下 , 从长度为 L的母码码字中的预定 起始位置起选择最后 L2个比特组成第二次传输的 HARQ子包, 其中, L2为 第二次传输的 HARQ子包的预定长度; 在之后传输 HARQ子包的情况下, 从存储的母码中选择比特组成后续 传输的 HARQ子包。 其中, 母码编码器单元 10用于对信息比特数据进行编码, 优选地, 可 以采用 Turbo码编码, 但是, 根据实际需要, 可以采用其它码。 以 1/3码率为例, 将信息比特送到母码编码器单元, 产生一个系统比特 流 S和第一、 第二校验比特流 P 1和 P2。 其中, 交织器单元 20包括块内交织器和块间交织器两部分。 首先, 对母码编码器单元输出的码字, 系统比特流 S和第一、 第二校-险 比特流 P1和 P2分别通过一个子交织器进行块内交织 , 产生新的系统比特流 S和第一、 第二校验比特流 P1和 P2。 其次, 系统比特放在循环緩存器前面, 第一、 第二奇偶校验的比特流经 过块间交织器交错地放在系统比特流后面 , 最终形成一个虚拟循环緩存区 , 其中存取的数据称为母码, 母码长度为 L个码字比特。 其中, 由于母码码字 放在循环緩存中,母码码字中最后一个比特的下一个比特是母码的起始比特。 其中,子包生成装置单元 30才艮据 SPID值从母码中顺序读取每次 HARQ 传输所需长度的码字比特, 将其组成一个 HARQ子包。 其中, 当 SPID为 00时选择第一个 HARQ子包数据, 即, 从循环緩存 区中的第 0比特开始, 顺序读取 个比特, 即, 第 0,1,2,..., Lrl比特; 其中, 当 SPID为 01时选择第二个 HARQ子包数据, 即, 从循环緩存 区中的第 L-L2比特开始, 顺序读取 L2个比特, 即, 第 L-L2,L-L2+l,L-L2+2,..., L-1比特; 其中, 第二个 HARQ子包最后一个比特为母码的最后一个比特; 其中, 当 SPID为 10时选择第三个 HARQ子包数据, 即, 从第一个校 验比特流 P1的起始比特, 并在母码中顺序读取 L3个比特数据; 其中, 当 SPID为 11时选择第四个 HARQ子包数据, 即, 从第二个校 验比特流 P1的起始比特, 并在母码中顺序读取 L4个比特数据。 其中, 如果有多于四次的重传子包, 则才艮据现有协议确定子包在循环緩 存区中的起始位置, 也即通过子包长度和 SPID值确定子包起始位置, 并在 母码中顺序读取多个比特数据。 可选地, 首次传输 HARQ的起点 (即, 上述母码码字中的预定起始位 置) 可以是母码码字的起始比特, 也可以是母码码字的起点加上一个偏移值 offset, 其中, offset是非负整数, 0 < offset < L。 装置实施例二 在本实施例中, 提供了一种速率匹配装置。 如图 16所示, 才艮据本实施例的速率匹配装置包括: 编码器(也可以称为母码编码器) 40 , 用于对信息分组进行编码, 产生 长度为 L的码字。 存储器 50 , 用于存储编码后的码字。 地址发生器 60, 用于产生当前 HARQ子包的每个码字比特在存储器中 对应的地址, 用于对存储器中存储的码字进行交织, 产生长度为 L的虚拟循 环緩存存储在存储器中, 将虚拟循环緩存的数据作为母码码字, 并且从母码 码字中连续选择用于产生当前 HARQ的子包的码字比特段所对应的地址,其 中 , 在首次传输 HARQ子包的情况下 ,从长度为 L的母码码字中的预定起始 位置起选择组成首次传输的 HARQ子包的前 个比特的地址, 其中 , 为 首次传输的 HARQ子包的预定长度; 在第二次传输 HARQ子包的情况下, 从长度为 L的母码码字中选择组成第二次传输的 HARQ子包的最后 L2个比 特的地址, 其中, L2为第二次传输的 HARQ子包的预定长度。 码字比特读取器 70 , 用于根据地址发生器选择的地址从存储器中选择 码字比特 , 产生当前传输的 HARQ子包。 在图 16中,母码编码器单元 40用于对信息比特数据进行编码,优选地, 可以采用 Turbo码编码, 但是, 根据实际需要, 可以采用其它码。 以 1/3码率为例, 将信息比特送到母码编码器单元, 产生一个系统比特 流 S和第一、 第二校验比特流 P 1和 P2。 其中 , 地址发生器单元 30对存储器中码字比特进行交织包括块内子交 织和块间交织两部分。 首先, 对存储器中的码字, 系统比特流 S和第一、 第二校验比特流 P1 和 P2分别通过一个子交织器进行块内交织 , 产生新的系统比特流 S和第一、 第二校-险比特流 P1和 P2。 其次, 系统比特放在虚拟循环緩存器前面, 第一、 第二奇偶校-险的比特 流经过块间交织器交错地放在系统比特流后面 , 最终形成一个虚拟循环緩存 区, 其中存取的数据即为虚拟的母码, 母码长度为 L个码字比特。 其中, 由 于母码码字放在虚拟循环緩存中, 母码码字中最后一个比特的下一个比特是 母码的起始比特。 其中, 地址发生器单元 60 才艮据 SPID 值从虚拟母码中顺序读取每次 HARQ传输所需长度的码字比特, 将组成一个 HARQ子包。 其中, 当 SPID为 00时选择第一个 HARQ子包数据, 即, 从虚拟循环 緩存区中的第 0比特开始, 顺序读取 个比特, 即, 第 0,1,2,..., 1^-1比特; 其中, 当 SPID为 01时选择第二个 HARQ子包数据, 即, 从虚拟循环 緩存区 中 的第 L-L2 比特开始 , 顺序读取 L2 个比特, 即 , 第 L-L2,L-L2+l,L-L2+2,..., L-1比特; 其中, 第二个 HARQ子包最后一个比特为 母码的最后一个比特; 其中, 当 SPID为 10时选择第三个 HARQ子包数据, 即, 从第一个校 验比特流 P1的起始比特 , 并在虚拟母码中顺序读取 L3个比特数据; 其中, 当 SPID为 11时选择第四个 HARQ子包数据, 即, 从第二个校 验比特流 P1的起始比特 , 并在虚拟母码中顺序读取 个比特数据。 其中, 如果有多于四次的重传子包, 则才艮据现有协议确定子包在虚拟循 环緩存区中的起始位置 , 也即通过子包长度和 SPID值确定子包起始位置 , 并在虚拟母码中顺序读取多个比特数据。 可选地, 首次传输 HARQ的起点 (即, 上述母码码字中的预定起始位 置) 可以是母码码字的起始比特 , 也可以是母码码字的起点加上一个偏移值 offset, 其中, offset是非负整数, 0 < offset < L。 应当注意, 在上述方法和装置中, 编码的方式不仅限于回旋涡轮编码 ( Convolution Turbo Coding, 筒称为 CTC ) 或 Turbo编码的方式, 对于氐密 度奇偶校-险( Low Density Parity Check, LDPC )码, 本发明也同样可以适用。 其区别主要在于, CTC码的第一校验比特流 P 1对应于 LDPC码的删余校验 比特流, CTC码的第二校验流对应于 LDPC码的扩张校验比特流。 综上所述, 借助于本发明的技术方案, 通过子包在母码中改变比特的选 择方式, 能够最大程度的避免相关技术中出现的重叠现象, 并且可以最大程 度的覆盖整个母码数据, 增强了 HARQ多次重传链路的性能。 另外 ,本发明的实现没有对系统架构和目前的处理流程修改,易于实现, 便于在技术领域中进行推广, 具有较强的工业适用性。 以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已, 并不用于限制本发明, 对于本 领域的技术人员来说, 本发明可以有各种更改和变化。 凡在本发明的^^申和 原则之内, 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保护 范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种速率匹西己方法, 其特征在于, 包括: 对信息比特序列进行编码和交织得到长度为 L的母码码字 , 其中, 所述母码码字包括系统比特部分和校验比特部分;
在首次传输 HARQ子包的情况下, 从所述母码码字中的预定位置 起选择前 个比特组成首次传输的 HARQ子包, 其中, 为首次传输 的 HARQ子包的预定长度;
在第二次传输 HARQ子包的情况下, 从所述长度为 L的母码码字 中选择最后 L2个比特组成第二次传输的 HARQ子包, 其中, L2为第二 次传输的 HARQ子包的预定长度。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 对所述信息分组进行编码和 交织 , 得到所述系统比特部分和所述校-险比特部分的处理具体为:
将所述信息分组进行编码,得到所述系统比特部分和交织前的校-险 比特部分, 并将得到的所述系统比特部分作为所述母码码字中的所述系 统比特部分;
对所述交织前的校验比特部分进行块内交织,得到块内交织后的校 -险比特部分;
对所述块内交织后的校验比特部分进行块间交织,得到块间交织后 的校验比特部分, 并将所述块间交织后的校验比特部分作为所述母码码 字中的所述校-险比特部分。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 对所述信息分组进行编码和 交织 , 得到所述系统比特部分和所述校-险比特部分的处理具体为:
将所述信息分组进行编码,得到交织前的系统比特部分和交织前的 校-险比特部分;
对所述交织前的系统比特部分和所述交织前的校-险比特部分进行 块内交织 , 得到块内交织后的系统比特部分和块内交织后的校-险比特部 分 , 并将所述块内交织后的系统比特部分作为所述母码码字中的所述系 统比特部分; 对所述块内交织后的校验比特部分进行块间交织 ,得到块间交织后 的校验比特部分, 并将所述块间交织后的校验比特部分作为所述母码码 字中的所述校-险比特部分。 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 在对所述信息分组进行编码 时, 在进行编码的编码器的码率为 1/r的情况下,得到的所述交织前的校 验比特流的数量为 r-l。 才艮据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 在之后传输 HARQ子包的情 况下, 进一步包括: 起始位置从所述母码码字中选择比特组成后续传输的 HARQ子包。 才艮据权利要求 1所述的方法 , 其特征在于 , 在所述母码码字中的所述预 定位置为所述母码码字的首个比特加上一预定偏移值 n的情况下, 则在 第二次传输 HARQ子包的情况下,将所述长度为 L的母码码字的后 n个 码字之外的最后 L2个比特作为第二次传输的 HARQ子包, 其中 , n小于 L且为非负整数。 根据权利要求 1至 6中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 在从所述母码 码字中选择比特组成 HARQ子包的过程中 , 将所述母码码字的起始比特 作为所述母码码字的最后一个比特的下一个比特。 根据权利要求 1至 6中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 对所述信息比 特序列进行编码的方式包括以下之一: 回旋涡轮编码、 涡轮编码、 低密 度奇偶校验。 一种速率匹配装置, 其特征在于, 包括:
编码器, 用于对信息分组进行编码, 产生长度为 L的码字; 交织器 , 对所述长度为 L的码字序列进行交织;
循环緩存 , 用于存储交织后的所述母码码字序列;
速率匹配器, 用于从所述母码码字中选择码字比特, 产生当前传输 的 HARQ子包, 其中, 在首次传输 HARQ子包的情况下, 从所述长度 为 L 的母码码字中的预定起始位置起选择前 个比特组成首次传输的 HARQ子包, 其中, 为首次传输的 HARQ子包的预定长度; 在第二次 传输 HARQ子包的情况下, 从所述长度为 L的母码码字中选择最后 L2 个比特组成第二次传输的 HARQ子包, 其中, L2为第二次传输的 HARQ 子包的预定长度。
10. 根据权利要求 9所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述速率匹配器还用于: 在 之后传输 HARQ子包的情况下 ,根据存储的所述母码码字的所述校验比 特部分中的校验比特流的起始位置从所述母码码字中选择比特组成后续 传输的 HARQ子包。
11. 根据权利要求 9所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述交织器进一步包括: 块内交织器 , 用于对编码后的所述信息分组进行块内交织 , 得到块 内交织后的校验比特部分,或者进一步得到块内交织后的系统比特部分; 块间交织器, 用于对所述块内交织后的校-险比特部分进行块间交 织, 得到所述块间交织后的校验比特部分。
12. 才艮据权利要求 11所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述循环存储器用于将所述 块内交织后的系统比特部分或未经交织的系统比特部分作为所述母码码 字的系统比特部分存储在所述循环存储器的起始位置。
13. 才艮据权利要求 12所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述循环存储器用于将所述 块间交织后的校验比特部分存储在所述循环存储器中所述系统比特部分 之后的位置。
14 一种速率匹配装置, 其特征在于, 包括:
编码器, 用于对信息分组进行编码, 产生长度为 L的码字; 存储器 , 用于存储编码后的所述码字;
地址发生器, 用于产生当前 HARQ子包的每个码字比特在所述存 储器中对应的地址, 用于对所述存储器中存储的所述码字进行交织, 产 生长度为 L的虚拟循环緩存存储在所述存储器中, 将所述虚拟循环緩存 的数据作为母码码字 , 并且从所述母码码字中连续选择用于产生当前 HARQ的子包的码字比特段所对应的地址, 其中, 在首次传输 HARQ子 包的情况下 , 从所述长度为 L的母码码字中的预定起始位置起选择组成 首次传输的 HARQ子包的前 个比特的地址, 其中, 为首次传输的 HARQ子包的预定长度; 在第二次传输 HARQ子包的情况下, 从所述长 度为 L的母码码字中选择组成第二次传输的 HARQ子包的最后 L2个比 特的地址, 其中, L2为第二次传输的 HARQ子包的预定长度;
码字比特读取器 ,用于才艮据地址发生器选择的地址从所述存储器中 选择码字比特, 产生当前传输的 HARQ子包。 才艮据权利要求 14所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述地址发生器还用于: 在 之后传输 HARQ子包的情况下 ,根据存储的所述母码码字的校验比特部 分中的校验比特流的起始位置从所述母码码字中选择组成后续传输的 HARQ子包的比特的地址。
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