WO2010060253A1 - Système et procédé de détection de l'état d'un enroulement de transformateur par utilisation d'une excitation d'une source à fréquence de balayage et à courant constant - Google Patents

Système et procédé de détection de l'état d'un enroulement de transformateur par utilisation d'une excitation d'une source à fréquence de balayage et à courant constant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010060253A1
WO2010060253A1 PCT/CN2009/000051 CN2009000051W WO2010060253A1 WO 2010060253 A1 WO2010060253 A1 WO 2010060253A1 CN 2009000051 W CN2009000051 W CN 2009000051W WO 2010060253 A1 WO2010060253 A1 WO 2010060253A1
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Prior art keywords
transformer
vibration
constant current
frequency
excitation
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PCT/CN2009/000051
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
姜益民
金之俭
朱子述
饶柱石
傅坚
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上海市电力公司
上海交通大学
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Publication of WO2010060253A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010060253A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/62—Testing of transformers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system and method for detecting the state of a transformer winding using a constant current swept power supply.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION - Transformers are one of the most important devices in a power system, and the stability of their operation has a major impact on power system security.
  • the capacity of China's power grid increases, the short-circuit capacity also increases.
  • the large electromagnetic force generated by the inrush current formed by the short-circuit of the transformer outlet poses a serious threat to the mechanical strength and dynamic stability of the transformer winding.
  • the operating environment of substation equipment and lines is always not optimistic.
  • the deformation caused by external short-circuit caused by the impact of the transformer winding is a common fault in the operation of the transformer, which poses a great threat to the safe operation of the system.
  • the winding may first be loose or slightly deformed.
  • the transformer winding deformation has a cumulative effect. If it is not found and repaired in time for looseness or deformation, then the looseness or deformation of the transformer is accumulated. To a certain extent, the short-circuit resistance of the transformer is greatly reduced, and a large accident can be caused by a small inrush current.
  • the deformation of the winding will lead to a decrease in the mechanical short-circuit current resistance, and on the other hand, the local insulation distance of the coil will change, causing local weak points of insulation.
  • the winding may have a cake.
  • Inter- or inter-turn short circuit causes transformer insulation breakdown accident, or partial discharge due to local field strength increase, the insulation damage will gradually expand, eventually leading to The transformer has an insulation breakdown accident and the situation of the bow I has further expanded.
  • the short-circuit impedance of the transformer is the equivalent impedance inside the transformer when the load impedance is zero.
  • the short-circuit impedance is the vector sum of the leakage reactance and the resistance of the transformer winding. Since the DC resistance of the transformer is small relative to the leakage reactance, the short-circuit impedance of the transformer is reflected.
  • the measured short-circuit impedance value is compared with the original record to determine whether the winding is deformed, if the short-circuit impedance value The change is large. For example, if the change is set to more than 3% in the national standard, it can be confirmed that the winding has significant deformation.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the short-circuit impedance method.
  • the low-voltage side of the transformer is short-circuited, and the high-voltage side is applied with a test voltage by a voltage regulator.
  • the corresponding short-circuit voltage U and short-circuit current I are measured.
  • the transformer is required to measure the short-circuit impedance of each phase in the short-circuit impedance test.
  • the short-circuit impedance measured after the test is compared with the data of the previous test, and the test is judged according to the degree of change.
  • the short-circuit impedance method has established standards in long-term production practice, and the criteria are clear.
  • the criteria for the degree of deformation of the coil are clearly given in the international electrical standards IEC60076-5 and GB1095-85.
  • the sensitivity of this method is very low, and the detection rate of the fault is low. Only when the overall deformation of the coil is serious, can a clearer reflection be obtained.
  • the basic principle of the frequency response method is to regard the transformer winding as a distributed parameter network.
  • the distributed parameters such as longitudinal capacitance and inductance L form a passive linear two-port network, and the characteristics of the network can be described by a transfer function in the frequency domain.
  • the frequency response test first applies a stable sinusoidal sweep frequency signal to one end of the tested transformer winding, and then simultaneously records the voltage on the port and other output ports to obtain a set of frequency response characteristics of the tested winding.
  • the test sensitivity of the frequency response method is higher than that of the short-circuit impedance method.
  • due to the complexity of the frequency response waveform it takes more experience to judge the winding condition, and it is difficult to form a clear quantitative criterion. Therefore, no discriminant criterion has been formed so far.
  • the invention provides a system and method for detecting the state of a transformer winding by using a constant current swept power supply excitation, and the transformer winding is equivalent to a complex elastic system with concentrated parameters.
  • the transformer winding When the transformer winding is loose, its axial preload force When the change occurs, the natural frequency of the first few stages of mechanical vibration will be The step moves toward a lower frequency direction, and the overall amplitude of the low frequency band is increased, so that the vibration characteristics of the entire elastic system are changed, and when the transformer winding is deformed, the structure of the elastic system is changed, thereby making the elastic system The vibration characteristics are changed. Therefore, by effectively detecting the change in the vibration characteristics of the elastic system itself and analyzing the variation of the natural resonant frequency curve of the transformer winding, it is possible to more sensitively detect the looseness and deformation of the transformer winding.
  • the present invention provides a system for detecting the state of a transformer winding using a constant current swept power supply excitation, comprising:
  • An excitation module the excitation module circuit is connected to the measurement and control analysis module;
  • the signal acquisition module circuit is connected to the measurement and control analysis module and the excitation module, and the excitation module includes a controllable constant current frequency sweep power supply and an excitation transformer connected through a circuit; the signal acquisition module includes a sequential circuit connection.
  • the vibration sensor and the vibration signal acquisition and controllable constant current sweep frequency power supply circuit are connected to the measurement and control analysis module, and the sweep power supply applies the output constant current sweep frequency excitation signal to the high voltage side of the detected transformer through the excitation transformer. And simultaneously outputting the constant current sweep excitation signal to the tested transformer winding;
  • the amplitude of the current sweep excitation signal output by the controllable constant current sweep power supply, the sweep frequency range and the sweep frequency of the output frequency are controlled and controlled by the measurement and control analysis module;
  • the excitation transformer is used as impedance matching
  • the vibration sensor is disposed on a casing of the transformer, and measures a vibration response signal of the tested transformer winding at different excitation frequencies, and transmits the measured signal to the vibration signal collector; the vibration signal collector
  • the circuit is connected to the measurement and control analysis module, the vibration signal collector synchronously completes the signal collection, the anti-aliasing digital filtering, and the buffering of the signal, and the vibration signal collector performs the signal measured by the vibration sensor. Collecting and pre-processing, and transmitting the vibration response signal data obtained after the processing to the measurement and control analysis module through the high-speed bus, and the sampling frequency and the sampling length of the vibration signal collector are controlled and adjusted by the measurement and control analysis module;
  • the measurement and control analysis module performs spectrum analysis on the received vibration response signal data, displays and records the resonance frequency curve of the transformer winding in the frequency domain, the resonance frequency curve obtained and recorded previously, and the vibration of the transformer three-phase coil. The frequency curves are compared to determine the state of the transformer windings and the measurement results are obtained.
  • the invention also provides a method for detecting the state of a transformer winding by using a constant current swept power supply excitation, comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 The measurement and control analysis module sets parameters of the controllable constant current sweep frequency power supply
  • Step 2 The measurement and control analysis module sets the parameters of the vibration sensor and the vibration signal collector; sets the vibration sensor parameters, including the sensitivity and input mode of the sensor. ; set the sampling speed of the vibration signal collector;
  • Step 4 The measurement and control analysis module outputs the sweep current and the starting frequency to the controllable constant current sweep frequency power supply; Step 5. The measurement and control analysis module outputs the excitation frequency to the controllable constant current sweep frequency power supply;
  • Step 6 Short circuit the low voltage winding of the transformer under test
  • Step 7 The controllable constant current swept power supply applies a constant current sweep excitation signal to the high voltage side of the transformer under test through the excitation transformer, and simultaneously outputs the constant current sweep excitation signal to the tested transformer winding;
  • Step 8. Vibration sensor Measuring a vibration response signal of the tested transformer winding for a constant current sweep excitation signal, and transmitting the measured vibration response signal to the vibration signal collector;
  • Step 9 The vibration signal collector performs the collection and processing on the measured vibration response signal, and then transmits the measurement to the measurement and control analysis module;
  • Step 10 The measurement and control analysis module performs spectrum analysis on the received vibration response signal; Step 11. The measurement and control analysis module determines whether the frequency of the constant current sweep frequency excitation signal output by the controllable constant current sweep power supply is greater than a set termination frequency, and if so, Then increase the frequency, skip to step 5, if no, skip to step 12;
  • Step 12 The measurement and control analysis module outputs a resonance frequency curve of the transformer winding to be tested; Step 13.
  • the measurement and control analysis module compares the resonance frequency curve of the tested transformer winding with its previous recording curve, or compares with the frequency curve of the transformer three-phase coil.
  • the vibration amplitude of the frequency curve is significantly enlarged, the peak value of the spectrum is significantly shifted, that is, when the singular peak occurs, it indicates that the transformer winding has an abnormal reaction, and it is judged that the transformer winding is in an abnormal state, loose or deformed, and needs to be replaced in time. Ensure that the line does not malfunction.
  • the system and method for detecting the state of a transformer winding by using a constant current swept power supply excitation, and detecting the looseness of the winding by analyzing the change of the natural resonant frequency curve of the transformer winding In this case, the looseness and deformation of the transformer winding can be detected effectively and with high sensitivity, and repaired or replaced in time to avoid a sudden short-circuit of the transformer due to damage of the winding structure.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of measurement of a short-circuit impedance method in the background art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a system for detecting the state of a transformer winding by excitation of a frequency sweeping power supply provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for detecting a state of a transformer winding by a constant current swept power supply excitation provided by the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a comparison of vibrational spectra of phase A and phase C of a transformer in a horizontal direction in a specific embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a comparison of the symmetrical A-phase and C-phase vibration frequencies of the transformer in the vertical direction of the embodiment of the present invention. 'The best way to achieve the invention
  • the present invention provides a system for detecting the state of a transformer winding by using a constant current swept power supply, which includes - a measurement and control analysis module 301 ;
  • An excitation module the excitation module circuit is connected to the measurement and control analysis module 301;
  • the signal acquisition module circuit is connected to the measurement and control analysis module 301 and the excitation module;
  • the excitation module includes a controllable constant current sweep power supply 201 and an excitation transformer 202 connected by a circuit;
  • the signal acquisition module comprises a vibration sensor 101 and a vibration signal collector 102 connected in sequence;
  • the vibration sensor 101 adopts the DH185 piezoelectric ICP acceleration sensor parameters as follows: Sensitivity: 10mV/ms- 2 ;
  • Lead-out method top fixed lead
  • the vibration signal collector 102 uses the DH5920 dynamic signal test and analysis system, and the parameters are as follows:
  • Input method single-ended input, differential input, ICP-adjustable input,
  • Low-pass filter Cut-off frequency (-3dB ⁇ ldB 10, 30, 100, 300, lk, 3k, 10k, PASS (Hz) eight-speed binning;
  • Stopband attenuation greater than one 24dB/oct
  • CMR Common mode rejection
  • Common mode voltage (DC or AC peak): less than ⁇ 10V, DC ⁇ 60Hz;
  • Time drift less than 3 ⁇ / hour (input short circuit, preheating after 1 hour, constant temperature, maximum gain When converted to the input);
  • Output potential Within ⁇ 5V, arbitrarily set according to the resolution of lmV;
  • Integer sampling rate When 8 channels work simultaneously, each channel 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, lk, 2k, 5k, 10k, 20k, 50k, 100k (Hz) is switched.
  • Integer analysis frequency When 8 channels work simultaneously, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, lk, 2k, 5k, 10k, 20k, 50k (Hz) binning is switched per channel;
  • Filtering method independent analog filtering per channel + DSP digital filtering
  • Cutoff frequency 1/2.56 times of the sampling rate, set at the same time when setting the sampling rate
  • Stopband attenuation about -150dB/oct
  • Power supply 220VAC, 12VDC (9 ⁇ 18V), power 50W;
  • the controllable constant current sweep power supply 201 is connected to the measurement and control analysis module 301 through an RS232 interface, and the sweep power supply 201 applies an output constant current sweep excitation signal to the high voltage side of the detected transformer 4 through the excitation transformer 202. And simultaneously outputting the constant current sweep excitation signal to the tested transformer winding;
  • the controllable constant current swept power supply 201 adopts an independently developed constant current excitation power supply TVRAS-1, which can control the amplitude of the output sweep excitation current, the sweep frequency range of the output frequency and the sweep frequency.
  • the measurement and control analysis module 301 controls the adjustment;
  • the excitation transformer 202 is used for impedance matching, and its main parameters are as follows:
  • the vibration sensor 101 is disposed on the casing of the transformer 4, and measures the vibration response signal of the transformer under test at different excitation frequencies, and transmits the measured signal to the vibration signal collector 102;
  • the vibration signal collector 102 is connected to the measurement and control analysis module 301 through a 1394 interface, and the vibration signal collector 102 synchronously completes signal acquisition, anti-aliasing digital filtering, and cache of signals, the vibration signal.
  • the collector 102 performs the signal measured by the vibration sensor. Collecting and pre-processing, and transmitting the processed vibration response signal data to the measurement and control analysis module 301 through the high-speed bus, the sampling frequency and the sampling length of the vibration signal collector 102 are controlled and adjusted by the measurement and control analysis module 301;
  • the measurement and control analysis module 301 performs spectrum analysis on the received vibration response signal data, displays and records the resonant frequency curve of the transformer winding in the frequency domain, the resonant frequency curve obtained and recorded previously, and the three-phase coil of the transformer. The vibration frequency curves are compared to determine the state of the transformer windings and the measurement results are obtained.
  • the present invention also provides a method for detecting the state of a transformer winding by using a constant current swept power supply, comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 The measurement and control analysis module 301 sets the parameters of the controllable constant current frequency sweep power supply 201; sets the output current, the frequency sweep range, the frequency sweep frequency interval, the frequency sweep frequency change period, etc.; input power: 380V/50HZ;
  • Controllable constant output current 2A ⁇ 60A;
  • Sweep frequency change period ls ⁇ 30s ;
  • Step 2 The measurement and control analysis module 301 sets parameters of the vibration sensor 101 and the vibration signal collector 102;
  • Setting the vibration sensor 101 parameters mainly includes the sensitivity and input mode of the sensor; setting the sampling speed of the vibration signal collector 102 to 10 to 100 kHz ;
  • Step 3 The measurement and control analysis module 301 sets an analysis parameter of the vibration response signal
  • Step 4 the measurement and control analysis module 301 outputs the sweep current and the starting frequency to the controllable constant current sweep power source 201;
  • Step 5 The measurement and control analysis module 301 outputs the excitation frequency to the controllable constant current sweep frequency power supply 201; Step 6. Short-circuit the low voltage winding of the transformer 4 to be tested;
  • Step 7 The controllable constant current swept power supply 201 applies a constant current sweep excitation signal to the high voltage side of the transformer under test 4 through the excitation transformer 202, and simultaneously outputs the constant current sweep excitation signal to the transformer winding to be tested;
  • Step 8 the vibration sensor 101 measures the vibration response signal of the measured transformer winding for the constant current sweep excitation signal, and transmits the measured vibration response signal to the vibration signal collector 102;
  • Step 9 The vibration signal collector 102 collects and processes the measured vibration response signal, and then transmits it to the measurement and control analysis module 301;
  • Step 10 The measurement and control analysis module 301 performs spectrum analysis on the received vibration response signal.
  • Step 11 The measurement and control analysis module 301 determines whether the frequency of the constant current frequency sweep excitation signal output by the controllable constant current frequency sweep power supply 201 is greater than a set termination frequency. If yes, increase the frequency, skip to step 5, if no, skip to step 12;
  • Step 12 The measurement and control analysis module 301 outputs a resonance frequency curve of the tested transformer winding.
  • Step 13 The measurement and control analysis module 301 compares the resonant frequency curve of the tested transformer winding with its previous recorded curve, or with the frequency curve of the transformer three-phase coil. In comparison, when the vibration amplitude of the frequency curve is significantly enlarged, the peak of the spectrum is significantly shifted, that is, when the singular peak occurs, it indicates that the transformer winding has an abnormal reaction, and it is judged that the transformer winding is in an abnormal state, loose or deformed, and timely Replace, to ensure that the line does not malfunction.
  • the low-voltage side of the A-phase of the main transformer is subjected to short-circuit shock due to breakdown of the outlet rheology, and the pressure release device protects the action. After the system is deployed, it is decided to restart the operation.
  • a power failure test was performed before the operation.
  • the short-circuit impedance method was used for testing. The test found that the short-circuit impedance did not change substantially (the change value was less than 0.1%).
  • the FRA method was used to test and analyze the transformer A-phase low-voltage winding. There was no abnormal change in the measurement curve control. According to the conclusions of these two kinds of electrical measurement methods, it is considered that there is no deformation failure of the transformer A phase winding coil.
  • the measurement system of the present invention is used for detection, and the symmetrical A-phase and C-phase windings of the transformer are carefully tested by the method of sweeping the excitation vibration spectrum, and the A shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 is obtained. Comparing the phase-to-C phase vibration spectrum curve, it is found that the vibration amplitude of the phase A of the transformer is amplified several times compared with the symmetric C phase, the peak of the spectrum is significantly shifted, and the apparent low frequency singular peak appears, and the unshocked c There is a significant abnormality in the phase spectrum.
  • the present invention has high sensitivity detection performance.
  • the test summary report stated that: On May 24, 2005, the low-pressure side of the A-phase main transformer of the No. 3 main transformer of Shanghai UHV Company suffered a short-circuit impact due to the breakdown of the outlet rheology, and the pressure release device protected the action. Due to system deployment, it was put into operation again. The power failure was detected in the early morning of May 26, and the ultra-high voltage company tested it by the short-circuit impedance method. The short-circuit impedance did not change substantially (the change value was less than 0.1%). The transformer FW phase low-voltage winding was tested and analyzed by the East China Pilot Test Institute using the FRA method. No abnormal changes were found compared with the original measurement curve. In the early morning of the 26th, due to the failure of the bus coupler switch, the power supply will be affected. It is necessary to make an immediate judgment. According to the conclusion of the electric test method, the coil cannot be deformed, so the transformer is put into operation again.
  • the test group of Shanghai Jiaotong University used the method of sweeping the excitation vibration spectrum to test. It was found that the amplitude of the phase A vibration was several times larger than that of the C phase, and the peak of the spectrum was significantly shifted, because the time was not urgent. Sweep measurements are made so that a complete spectrum curve cannot be obtained for analysis. - Since the transformer was shipped earlier, it has been repaired, and this time it suffered an export short-circuit shock, the pressure release device has a protective action, and the vibration amplitude of the A phase is significantly larger than that of the camera C, so June 2 The transformer was taken out of operation on the day.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un système et sur un procédé de détection de l'état d'un enroulement de transformateur par utilisation d'une excitation d'une source à fréquence de balayage et à courant constant. Le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes : mesure et commande et analyse du module de commande de la source à fréquence de balayage afin d'appliquer un courant constant délivré en sortie et un signal d'excitation de fréquence de balayage du côté haute tension du transformateur de mesure à partir d'un transformateur d'excitation; mesure par le transducteur de vibration du signal de réponse à une vibration du transformateur de mesure sous différentes fréquences d'excitation; échantillonnage et traitement par l'échantillonneur de signal de vibration du signal mesuré à partir du transducteur de vibration; analyse spectrale en fréquence par le module de mesure et commande et analyse du signal de vibration reçu qui est post-traité; affichage et enregistrement de la courbe de fréquence de résonance de l'enroulement du transformateur dans le domaine de fréquence, et comparaison avec la courbe de fréquence de résonance mesurée et enregistrée précédemment et avec la courbe de fréquence de vibration des enroulements des trois phases du transformateur pour estimer l'état de l'enroulement d'un transformateur.
PCT/CN2009/000051 2008-11-25 2009-01-15 Système et procédé de détection de l'état d'un enroulement de transformateur par utilisation d'une excitation d'une source à fréquence de balayage et à courant constant WO2010060253A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2008102033409A CN101738567B (zh) 2008-11-25 2008-11-25 利用恒流扫频电源激振检测变压器绕组状态的方法
CN200810203340.9 2008-11-25

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