WO2010057760A1 - Device for detecting all shifting positions of a manual transmission - Google Patents

Device for detecting all shifting positions of a manual transmission Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010057760A1
WO2010057760A1 PCT/EP2009/064345 EP2009064345W WO2010057760A1 WO 2010057760 A1 WO2010057760 A1 WO 2010057760A1 EP 2009064345 W EP2009064345 W EP 2009064345W WO 2010057760 A1 WO2010057760 A1 WO 2010057760A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hall
target
hall elements
elements
sensors
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2009/064345
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Thomas Kleiber
Original Assignee
Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg
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Publication date
Application filed by Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg
Publication of WO2010057760A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010057760A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H59/68—Inputs being a function of gearing status
    • F16H59/70—Inputs being a function of gearing status dependent on the ratio established
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/142—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices
    • G01D5/145—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices influenced by the relative movement between the Hall device and magnetic fields
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F16H2063/3076—Selector shaft assembly, e.g. supporting, assembly or manufacturing of selector or shift shafts; Special details thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for detecting all switching positions in a manual transmission.
  • the device comprises a switching dome comprising a movable actuator.
  • the individual shift positions are set in the transmission.
  • German patent application DE 10 2006 036 696 A1 discloses a sensor arrangement.
  • the sensor arrangement is used to determine positions of at least one transmission component.
  • the sensor arrangement has at least one sensor and a sensing pin which is mounted in a housing in a liftable manner.
  • the bearing on the housing end of the Abtastbolzens against at least one associated with the transmission component runway or ramp is elastically biased.
  • the sensor carries at least one pulse generator which determines the position of the scanning pin without contact and thus also the contact position without switching.
  • the German patent DE 195 81 769 C1 discloses a ramp contour for a locking device.
  • the locking device serves to fix the position of a movable circuit or actuating element. In particular, find these locking devices for a circuit of a transmission application.
  • a locking bolt is displaceably guided, which has a locking ball on one end face.
  • the locking pin is provided by a compression spring stressed. By this done with the compression spring bias of the locking bolt thus follows the detent ball provided on the circuit or actuator curve.
  • the detent ball bears against two contact points on the curved ramp contour.
  • the ramp contour is designed such that the contact point coincides with a turning point of the symmetrically shaped ramp contour.
  • German Patent DE 40 38 998 C1 discloses only one start safety switch, thus preventing uncontrolled actuation of the operating lever from its neutral position.
  • the associated gear shift rod has a flag-shaped aperture, which interrupts or reflects the measurement beam of a sensor field in malposition of the actuating lever and the simultaneous release of a condition leading to the shutdown of the motor vehicle causes disengagement leading to the gearshift clutch or triggers a starter lock.
  • adjacent switching rods can be determined by differently sized or shaped passages in the photocell principle or by reflection scanning, which is engaged in malposition of the operating lever with the vehicle stationary.
  • the sensor array can be optical or IR radiation and be measured by optical semiconductor sensors, photodiodes or LED light-emitting diodes; It can be a magnetic field and be measured by galvanomagnetic devices, analog or digital Hall sensors or magnetoresistive sensors.
  • the German patent application DE 197 48 115 A1 discloses a gear change transmission which is actuated by means of a switching member.
  • at least two magnets are provided, which are arranged on the circumference of the switching member.
  • the magnets are each spaced from each other and cover the circumference of the switching element segmented.
  • Hall sensors adjoin the switching element, wherein the Hall sensors each spaced from each other and aligned for detecting the magnetic field strengths of the magnets.
  • the German patent application DE 10 2005 011 744 A1 discloses a holding device for a sensor system, in particular for a Hall sensor system, for detecting the movements of a shift rail or a shift fork of the transmission of a motor vehicle.
  • At least one pole plate, at least one pole magnet and at least one pole cap are provided for covering and / or protecting the pole magnet.
  • the assembly and the workload are simplified in that the pole cap is designed such a housing-shaped, that the pole magnet and the pole plate are arranged and fixed in the housing of the PoI- cap.
  • German patent application DE 10 2006 010 616 A1 discloses an electromagnetic switching device for transmission with a switching element which is arranged displaceably in an axial direction.
  • the switching element can assume at least one first and one second displacement position.
  • a permanent magnet magnetized in the axial direction is connected to the switching element.
  • a first and a second electromagnet are axially spaced from each other and fixedly disposed with respect to the transmission.
  • a Hall sensor is provided for sensing the displacement position of the switching element.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device with which in addition to the conventional detection of the neutral position and the reverse gear of a gearbox, the intermediate positions and the Endpositio- nen of the gearbox are clearly detected.
  • the device for detecting all shift positions, such as the neutral position, the reverse gear, the intermediate positions and the end positions in a manual transmission comprises a shift dome with a movable actuator. About the actuator, the individual switching positions at be set to the manual transmission. At least one target is associated with the movable control element. Furthermore, at least two Hall elements are provided for determining the position of the at least one target.
  • the two Hall elements each consist of at least one Hall sensor.
  • the Hall sensors are designed as simple Hall sensors.
  • the two Hall elements each consist of two simple Hall sensors.
  • the Hall sensors of the two Hall elements are designed as 2D Hall sensors.
  • the Hall sensors of the two Hall elements are designed as 3D Hall sensors.
  • the two Hall elements are arranged in relation to the target in such a way that an imaginary straight line extends from each Hall element and the target intersects, so that the angular position of the target or of the actuating element can be determined.
  • the two Hall elements are arranged with respect to two targets in such a way that an imaginary straight line originating from each Hall element intersects each target, so that the angular position of the targets or of the actuating element can be determined.
  • the at least one target is attached to the movable adjusting element.
  • the Hall elements are stationary in this case.
  • the movable target interacts with the stationary elements.
  • the at least one target is stationary.
  • the Hall elements are provided on the movable adjusting element and thus cooperate with the target.
  • the target and the at least two Hall elements are arranged with respect to the actuating element, that with this arrangement, the neutral position, the reverse gear, a plurality of intermediate positions and the corresponding end positions of the gearbox can be detected.
  • the actuating element is designed to be movable in the direction of the axis of the actuating element and about the axis of the actuating element.
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the device according to the invention with a typical switching dome, with which the individual gears of a transmission are switched.
  • Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the switching dome
  • Figure 3 shows a perspective view of the switching dome, with some parts omitted, thus illustrating the structure of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows a plan view in the direction of the axis of the actuating element.
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic representation of the assignment of the target to the actuator and the Hall elements to the target.
  • FIG. 6 shows a simplified illustration of an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 7 shows a simplified illustration of a further embodiment for determining the absolute position by means of two Hall elements and two targets.
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a device 1 for detecting switching states of a movable actuating element 2.
  • the movable actuator 2 is here a shaft which acts as a central transformer of the individual switching movements.
  • the device 1 has a switching dome 3 which receives the adjusting element 2 and is at least partially surrounded by a housing 4.
  • two locking rings 6 are installed in the housing 4. These two locks 6 serve for a defined shift feeling when changing gears.
  • contours 15 are formed on the adjusting element 2, on which the detents 6 roll and are also fixed in a specific position.
  • the switching dome 3 is provided with an actuating lever 12, via which the various positions or positions of the actuating element 2 can be adjusted.
  • Figure 2 shows an enlarged perspective view of the switching dome 3 and the arrangement of the Hall elements 22 in the switching dome 3.
  • the housing 4 is partially omitted in order to gain a better insight into the arrangement of the Hall elements 22.
  • the two Hall elements 22 are arranged radially with respect to the adjusting element 2 and radially spaced from each other. In the embodiment shown here, the Hall elements 22 are stationary with respect to the movable control element. 2
  • Figure 3 shows a perspective view of the switching dome 3, with some parts omitted, so as to better illustrate the structure of the invention.
  • a target 20 on the movable actuator 2 is attached.
  • the Hall elements 22 are arranged stationary and distributed radially with respect to the target 20.
  • the detents 6 are provided with which mechanically determined positions of the actuating element 2 can be determined.
  • FIG. 4 shows a plan view in the direction of the axis A of the actuating element 2. It can clearly be seen here that the two detents 6 are mounted opposite one another for the mechanical adjustment of the position of the actuating element 2.
  • the Hall elements 22 are distributed radially around the target 20.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of the assignment of the target 22 to the actuating element 2 and also of the two Hall elements 22 to the target 20.
  • the target 20 and the at least two Hall elements 22 are arranged in relation to the actuating element 2 such that the plurality of neutral positions N, the reverse gear R, the intermediate positions Z and the end positions 10 of the gearbox can be detected.
  • the shift travel 14 of the transmission are also shown in FIG. At the ends of the switching paths 14 are the end positions 10 and the reverse gear R.
  • the detection of the switching or selection position is based on at least two Hall elements 22.
  • the Hall elements can be used as 2D or SD - Hall sensors be formed. It is also conceivable that the Hall elements 22 are simple Hall sensors and that the two Hall elements 22 each comprise two simple of these Hall sensors, so that an angle measurement is possible.
  • the target 20 is a magnet.
  • FIG. 6 shows a simplified representation of an embodiment for determining the absolute position by means of two Hall elements 22 and a target 20.
  • the two Hall elements 22 are arranged with respect to the target 20 such that a straight line 18 emanates from each Hall element 22 and cuts the target 20, so that the angular position of the target 20 and the actuating element 2 can be determined.
  • the two lines 18 close with each of the imaginary horizontal H an angle ⁇ or ß.
  • the position of the targets 20 is calculated from a function f ( ⁇ / ⁇ ).
  • FIG. 7 shows a simplified illustration of a further embodiment of the invention
  • the two Hall elements 22 are so in relation to two targets 2d and 2O 2 . arranged that of each Hall element 22 a straight line
  • each target 2Oi and 2O 2 intersects, so that the angular position of the targets 2Oi and 2O 2 and the actuating element 2 can be determined. Again, close the two lines 18 with each of the imaginary horizontal H an angle ⁇ or ß.
  • the position of the two targets 20 is calculated in each case from a function f ( ⁇ / ⁇ ).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for detecting all shifting positions in a manual transmission. A shift tower (3) comprises a moving control element (2) through which the individual shifting positions (10) in the manual transmission can be set. At least one target (20) is associated with the moving control element (2), wherein at least two Hall elements (22) are provided for determining the position of the at least one target (20).

Description

Bezeichnung der Erfindung Name of the invention
Vorrichtung zur Erfassung sämtlicher Schaltpositionen eines SchaltgetriebesDevice for detecting all shift positions of a gearbox
Beschreibungdescription
Gebiet der ErfindungField of the invention
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Erfassung sämtlicher Schaltpositionen bei einem Schaltgetriebe. Im Besonderen umfasst die Vorrichtung einen Schaltdom, der ein bewegliches Stellelement umfasst. Über das Stellelement werden die einzelnen Schaltpositionen bei dem Schaltgetriebe eingestellt.The invention relates to a device for detecting all switching positions in a manual transmission. In particular, the device comprises a switching dome comprising a movable actuator. About the actuator, the individual shift positions are set in the transmission.
Hintergrund der ErfindungBackground of the invention
Die deutsche Offenlegungsschrift DE 10 2006 036 696 A1 offenbart eine Sensoranordnung. Die Sensoranordnung dient zur Bestimmung von Stellungen wenigstens eines Getriebebauteils. Die Sensoranordnung besitzt wenigstens eine Sensorik und einen Abtastbolzen, der hubbeweglich in einem Gehäuse gelagert ist. Dabei ist das auf dem Gehäuse tragende Ende des Abtastbolzens gegen wenigstens eine dem Getriebebauteil zugeordnete Ablaufbahn bzw. Rampe elastisch vorspannbar. Die Sensorik trägt mindestens einen Impulsge- ber, der berührungslos die Stellung des Abtastbolzens und somit auch berührungslos die Schaltposition ermittelt.German patent application DE 10 2006 036 696 A1 discloses a sensor arrangement. The sensor arrangement is used to determine positions of at least one transmission component. The sensor arrangement has at least one sensor and a sensing pin which is mounted in a housing in a liftable manner. In this case, the bearing on the housing end of the Abtastbolzens against at least one associated with the transmission component runway or ramp is elastically biased. The sensor carries at least one pulse generator which determines the position of the scanning pin without contact and thus also the contact position without switching.
Die deutsche Patentschrift DE 195 81 769 C1 offenbart eine Rampenkontur für eine Arretiereinrichtung. Die Arretiereinrichtung dient zur Lagefixierung eines beweglichen Schaltungs- oder Stellelements. Insbesondere finden diese Arretiereinrichtungen für eine Schaltung eines Getriebes Anwendung. Im Getriebegehäuse ist ein Arretierbolzen verschiebbar geführt, der an einer Stirnseite eine Rastkugel aufweist. Der Arretierbolzen ist durch eine Druckfeder vorge- spannt. Durch diese mit der Druckfeder erfolgte Vorspannung des Arretierbolzens folgt somit die Rastkugel einer auf dem Schaltungs- bzw. Stellelement vorgesehen Kurve. Die Rastkugel liegt dabei an zwei Anlagepunkten an der kurvenförmig ausgebildeten Rampenkontur an. Die Rampenkontur ist dabei derart ausgebildet, dass der Anlagepunkt mit einem Wendepunkt der symmetrisch gestalteten Rampenkontur übereinstimmt.The German patent DE 195 81 769 C1 discloses a ramp contour for a locking device. The locking device serves to fix the position of a movable circuit or actuating element. In particular, find these locking devices for a circuit of a transmission application. In the gear housing, a locking bolt is displaceably guided, which has a locking ball on one end face. The locking pin is provided by a compression spring stressed. By this done with the compression spring bias of the locking bolt thus follows the detent ball provided on the circuit or actuator curve. The detent ball bears against two contact points on the curved ramp contour. The ramp contour is designed such that the contact point coincides with a turning point of the symmetrically shaped ramp contour.
Das deutsche Patent DE 40 38 998 C1 offenbart nur einem Startsicherheitsschalter, um somit eine unkontrollierte Betätigung des Betätigungshebels aus seiner Neutral-Stellung heraus zu verhindern. Die zugehörige Getriebeschaltstange besitzt eine fahnenförmige Blende, die bei Fehlstellung des Betätigungshebels den Messstrahl eines Sensorfeldes unterbricht oder reflektiert und beim gleichzeitigen Vorliegen einer weiteren Bedingung für den Stillstand des Kraftfahrzeugs das Ausrücken einer zum Schaltgetriebe führenden Trenn- kupplung bewirkt oder eine Anlasssperre auslöst. An Blenden benachbarter Schaltstangen lässt sich durch unterschiedlich große oder geformte Durchtrittsöffnungen im Lichtschrankenprinzip oder durch Reflexionsabtastung feststellen, welcher der Betätigungshebel bei stillstehendem Fahrzeug in Fehlstellung eingelegt ist. Das Sensorfeld kann optisches Licht oder IR-Strahlung und durch optische Halbleitersensoren, Photodioden oder LED-Leuchtdioden messbar sein; es kann ein Magnetfeld und durch galvanomagnetische Bauelemente, analoge oder digitale Hallsensoren oder magnetoresistive Sensoren messbar sein.German Patent DE 40 38 998 C1 discloses only one start safety switch, thus preventing uncontrolled actuation of the operating lever from its neutral position. The associated gear shift rod has a flag-shaped aperture, which interrupts or reflects the measurement beam of a sensor field in malposition of the actuating lever and the simultaneous release of a condition leading to the shutdown of the motor vehicle causes disengagement leading to the gearshift clutch or triggers a starter lock. At apertures adjacent switching rods can be determined by differently sized or shaped passages in the photocell principle or by reflection scanning, which is engaged in malposition of the operating lever with the vehicle stationary. The sensor array can be optical or IR radiation and be measured by optical semiconductor sensors, photodiodes or LED light-emitting diodes; It can be a magnetic field and be measured by galvanomagnetic devices, analog or digital Hall sensors or magnetoresistive sensors.
Die deutsche Patentanmeldung DE 197 48 115 A1 offenbart ein Gangwechselgetriebe, das mittels eines Schaltgliedes betätigt wird. Um die Erfassung der Schaltposition in Bezug auf die Steuerung des Getriebes zu erzielen, sind mindestens zwei Magnete vorgesehen, die auf dem Umfang des Schaltgliedes angeordnet sind. Die Magnete sind jeweils voneinander beabstandet und be- decken den Umfang des Schaltgliedes segmentförmig. Hallsensoren grenzen an das Schaltglied an, wobei die Hallsensoren jeweils voneinander beabstandet und zur Erfassung der magnetischen Feldstärken der Magnete ausgerichtet sind. Die deutsche Patentanmeldung DE 10 2005 011 744 A1 offenbart eine Haltevorrichtung für ein Sensorsystem, insbesondere für ein Hall-Sensorsystem, zur Erfassung der Bewegungen einer Schaltschiene oder einer Schaltgabel des Getriebes eines Kraftfahrzeuges. Hierzu sind mindestens ein Polblech, mindestens ein Polmagnet und mindestens eine Polkappe zur Abdeckung und/oder zum Schutz des Polmagneten vorgesehen. Die Montage und der Arbeitsaufwand sind dadurch vereinfacht, dass die Polkappe derart gehäuseförmig ausgebildet ist, dass der Polmagnet und das Polblech in dem Gehäuse der PoI- kappe angeordnet und fixiert sind.The German patent application DE 197 48 115 A1 discloses a gear change transmission which is actuated by means of a switching member. In order to achieve the detection of the shift position with respect to the control of the transmission, at least two magnets are provided, which are arranged on the circumference of the switching member. The magnets are each spaced from each other and cover the circumference of the switching element segmented. Hall sensors adjoin the switching element, wherein the Hall sensors each spaced from each other and aligned for detecting the magnetic field strengths of the magnets. The German patent application DE 10 2005 011 744 A1 discloses a holding device for a sensor system, in particular for a Hall sensor system, for detecting the movements of a shift rail or a shift fork of the transmission of a motor vehicle. For this purpose, at least one pole plate, at least one pole magnet and at least one pole cap are provided for covering and / or protecting the pole magnet. The assembly and the workload are simplified in that the pole cap is designed such a housing-shaped, that the pole magnet and the pole plate are arranged and fixed in the housing of the PoI- cap.
Die deutsche Patentanmeldung DE 10 2006 010 616 A1 offenbart eine elekro- magnetische Schalteinrichtung für Getriebe mit einem Schaltelement, das in einer Axialrichtung verschieblich angeordnet ist. Das Schaltelement kann min- destens eine erste und eine zweite Verschiebestellung einnehmen. Ein Permanentmagnet, der in Axialrichtung magnetisiert ist, ist mit dem Schaltelement verbunden. Ein erster und ein zweiter Elektromagnet sind in Axialrichtung voneinander beabstandet und ortsfest in Bezug auf das Getriebe angeordnet. Ein Hallsensor ist zur Sensierung der Verschiebestellung des Schaltelements vor- gesehen.The German patent application DE 10 2006 010 616 A1 discloses an electromagnetic switching device for transmission with a switching element which is arranged displaceably in an axial direction. The switching element can assume at least one first and one second displacement position. A permanent magnet magnetized in the axial direction is connected to the switching element. A first and a second electromagnet are axially spaced from each other and fixedly disposed with respect to the transmission. A Hall sensor is provided for sensing the displacement position of the switching element.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, mit der neben der herkömmlichen Erfassung der Neutralposition und des Rückwärtsgangs eines Schaltgetriebes die Zwischenpositionen und die Endpositio- nen des Schaltgetriebes eindeutig erfassbar sind.The invention has for its object to provide a device with which in addition to the conventional detection of the neutral position and the reverse gear of a gearbox, the intermediate positions and the Endpositio- nen of the gearbox are clearly detected.
Die obige Aufgabe wird durch eine Vorrichtung gelöst, die die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 umfasst.The above object is achieved by an apparatus comprising the features of claim 1.
Die Vorrichtung zur Erfassung sämtlicher Schaltpositionen, wie z.B. der Neutralposition, des Rückwärtsgangs, der Zwischenpositionen und der Endpositionen bei einem Schaltgetriebe umfasst einen Schaltdom mit einem beweglichen Stellelement. Über das Stellelement können die einzelnen Schaltpositionen bei dem Schaltgetriebe eingestellt werden. Dem beweglichen Stellelement ist mindestens ein Target zugeordnet. Ferner sind mindestens zwei Hallelemente zur Bestimmung der Position des mindestens einen Targets vorgesehen.The device for detecting all shift positions, such as the neutral position, the reverse gear, the intermediate positions and the end positions in a manual transmission comprises a shift dome with a movable actuator. About the actuator, the individual switching positions at be set to the manual transmission. At least one target is associated with the movable control element. Furthermore, at least two Hall elements are provided for determining the position of the at least one target.
Die beiden Hallelemente bestehen jeweils aus mindestens einem Hallsensor. Gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform sind die Hallsensoren als einfache Hallsensoren ausgebildet. Bei dieser Ausführungsform bestehen die beiden Hallelemente jeweils aus zwei einfachen Hallsensoren. Eine weitere Möglichkeit ist, dass die Hallsensoren der beiden Hallelemente als 2D-Hallsensoren ausgebil- det sind. Ferner besteht die Möglichkeit, dass die Hallsensoren der beiden Hallelemente als 3D-Hallsensoren ausgebildet sind.The two Hall elements each consist of at least one Hall sensor. According to a first embodiment, the Hall sensors are designed as simple Hall sensors. In this embodiment, the two Hall elements each consist of two simple Hall sensors. Another possibility is that the Hall sensors of the two Hall elements are designed as 2D Hall sensors. Furthermore, there is the possibility that the Hall sensors of the two Hall elements are designed as 3D Hall sensors.
Die beiden Hallelemente sind derart in Bezug auf das Target angeordnet, dass von jedem Hallelement eine gedachte Gerade ausgeht und das Target schnei- det, so dass die Winkelstellung des Targets bzw. des Stellelements bestimmt werden kann. Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform sind die beiden Hallelemente derart in Bezug auf zwei Targets angeordnet, dass eine von jedem Hallelement ausgehende, gedachte Gerade jedes Target schneidet, so dass die Winkelstellung der Targets bzw. des Stellelements bestimmt werden kann.The two Hall elements are arranged in relation to the target in such a way that an imaginary straight line extends from each Hall element and the target intersects, so that the angular position of the target or of the actuating element can be determined. According to a further embodiment, the two Hall elements are arranged with respect to two targets in such a way that an imaginary straight line originating from each Hall element intersects each target, so that the angular position of the targets or of the actuating element can be determined.
Zwischen dem Target und dem Stellelement kann eine Relativbewegung ausgeführt werden. Dies ist zum einen dadurch möglich, dass das mindestens eine Target am beweglichen Stellelement angebracht ist. Die Hallelemente sind in diesem Fall ortsfest. Damit wirkt das bewegliche Target mit den ortsfesten HaII- elementen zusammen. Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist das mindestens eine Target ortsfest. In diesem Fall sind die Hallelemente am beweglichen Stellelement vorgesehen und wirken somit mit dem Target zusammen.Between the target and the actuator, a relative movement can be performed. On the one hand, this is possible because the at least one target is attached to the movable adjusting element. The Hall elements are stationary in this case. Thus, the movable target interacts with the stationary elements. According to a further embodiment, the at least one target is stationary. In this case, the Hall elements are provided on the movable adjusting element and thus cooperate with the target.
Das Target und die mindestens zwei Hallelemente sind derart in Bezug auf das Stellelement angeordnet, dass mit dieser Anordnung die Neutralposition, der Rückwärtsgang, mehrere Zwischenpositionen und die entsprechenden Endpositionen des Schaltgetriebes erfassbar sind. Das Stellelement ist in Richtung der Achse des Stellelements und um die Achse des Stellelements bewegbar ausgebildet.The target and the at least two Hall elements are arranged with respect to the actuating element, that with this arrangement, the neutral position, the reverse gear, a plurality of intermediate positions and the corresponding end positions of the gearbox can be detected. The actuating element is designed to be movable in the direction of the axis of the actuating element and about the axis of the actuating element.
Im Folgenden sollen die Ausführungsbeispiele die Erfindung und ihre Vorteile anhand der beigefügten Figuren näher erläutern.In the following, the embodiments are intended to explain the invention and its advantages with reference to the accompanying figures.
Figur 1 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit einem typischen Schaltdom, mit dem die einzelnen Gänge eines Getriebes geschaltet werden.Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the device according to the invention with a typical switching dome, with which the individual gears of a transmission are switched.
Figur 2 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht mit dem Schaltdom und derFigure 2 shows a perspective view of the switching dome and the
Anordnung der Hallelemente im Schaltdom.Arrangement of the Hall elements in the switching dome.
Figur 3 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht des Schaltdoms, wobei einige Teile weggelassen sind, um somit den Aufbau der Erfindung zu verdeutlichen.Figure 3 shows a perspective view of the switching dome, with some parts omitted, thus illustrating the structure of the invention.
Figur 4 zeigt eine Draufsicht in Richtung der Achse des Stellelements.FIG. 4 shows a plan view in the direction of the axis of the actuating element.
Figur 5 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung der Zuordnung des Targets zum Stellelement und der Hallelemente zum Target.Figure 5 shows a schematic representation of the assignment of the target to the actuator and the Hall elements to the target.
Figur 6 zeigt eine vereinfachte Darstellung einer Ausführungsform zurFIG. 6 shows a simplified illustration of an embodiment of the invention
Bestimmung der Absolutposition mittels zweier Hallelemente und eines Targets.Determination of the absolute position by means of two Hall elements and one target.
Figur 7 zeigt eine vereinfachte Darstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform zur Bestimmung der Absolutposition mittels zweier Hallelemente und zweier Targets.FIG. 7 shows a simplified illustration of a further embodiment for determining the absolute position by means of two Hall elements and two targets.
Für gleiche oder gleich wirkende Elemente der Erfindung werden identische Bezugszeichen verwendet. Ferner werden der Übersicht halber in den einzelnen Figuren nur Bezugszeichen dargestellt, die für die Beschreibung der jeweiligen Figur erforderlich sind. Die dargestellten Ausführungsformen stellen ledig- lieh Beispiele dar, wie die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ausgestaltet sein kann. Sie stellen aber keine abschließende Begrenzung der Erfindung dar.For identical or equivalent elements of the invention, identical reference numerals are used. Furthermore, for the sake of clarity, only reference symbols which are required for the description of the respective figure are shown in the individual figures. The illustrated embodiments provide only lend examples of how the device according to the invention can be configured. But they do not represent a final limitation of the invention.
Figur 1 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Vorrichtung 1 zur Erkennung von Schaltzuständen eines beweglichen Stellelements 2. Das bewegliche Stellelement 2 ist hier eine Welle, welche als Zentralübertrager der einzelnen Schaltbewegungen fungiert. Die Vorrichtung 1 besitzt einen Schaltdom 3 der das Stellelement 2 aufnimmt und zumindest teilweise von einem Gehäuse 4 umgeben ist. In der in Figur 1 gezeigten Ausführungsform sind zwei Arretierun- gen 6 im Gehäuse 4 verbaut. Diese zwei Arretierungen 6 dienen für ein definiertes Schaltgefühl beim Gangwechsel. Ferner sind am Stellelement 2 Konturen 15 ausgebildet, auf denen die Arretierungen 6 wälzen und auch in einer bestimmten Position festgelegt werden. Die verschiedenen Ausführungsformen für die Erfassung der Schaltzustände des beweglichen Schaltungs- oder Stell- elements 2 werden detaillierter in den nachstehenden Figuren beschrieben. Wie anhand der Aufgabe zur Erfindung erläutert, gilt es neben den üblichen Schaltpositionen wie Rückwärtsgang und Neutralposition auch die Zwischenpositionen und die Endpositionen eines Schaltgetriebes zuverlässig zu erfassen. Der Schaltdom 3 ist mit einem Betätigungshebel 12 versehen, über den die verschiedenen Positionen bzw. Stellungen des Stellelements 2 eingestellt werden können.Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a device 1 for detecting switching states of a movable actuating element 2. The movable actuator 2 is here a shaft which acts as a central transformer of the individual switching movements. The device 1 has a switching dome 3 which receives the adjusting element 2 and is at least partially surrounded by a housing 4. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, two locking rings 6 are installed in the housing 4. These two locks 6 serve for a defined shift feeling when changing gears. Further, contours 15 are formed on the adjusting element 2, on which the detents 6 roll and are also fixed in a specific position. The various embodiments for detecting the switching states of the movable circuit or actuating element 2 will be described in more detail in the following figures. As explained with reference to the object of the invention, in addition to the usual shift positions such as reverse gear and neutral position, the intermediate positions and the end positions of a gearbox must be reliably detected. The switching dome 3 is provided with an actuating lever 12, via which the various positions or positions of the actuating element 2 can be adjusted.
Figur 2 zeigt eine vergrößerte perspektivische Ansicht mit dem Schaltdom 3 und der Anordnung der Hallelemente 22 im Schaltdom 3. Im Vergleich zu Figur 1 ist das Gehäuse 4 teilweise weggelassen, um einen besseren Einblick in die Anordnung der Hallelemente 22 zu gewinnen. Die beiden Hallelemente 22 sind dabei radial in Bezug auf das Stellelement 2 angeordnet und entsprechend voneinander radial beabstandet. In der hier dargestellten Ausführungsform sind die Hallelemente 22 ortsfest in Bezug auf das bewegliche Stellelement 2.Figure 2 shows an enlarged perspective view of the switching dome 3 and the arrangement of the Hall elements 22 in the switching dome 3. In comparison to Figure 1, the housing 4 is partially omitted in order to gain a better insight into the arrangement of the Hall elements 22. The two Hall elements 22 are arranged radially with respect to the adjusting element 2 and radially spaced from each other. In the embodiment shown here, the Hall elements 22 are stationary with respect to the movable control element. 2
Figur 3 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht des Schaltdoms 3, wobei einige Teile weggelassen sind, um somit den Aufbau der Erfindung besser zu verdeutlichen. Hier erkennt man, dass ein Target 20 am beweglichen Stellelement 2 angebracht ist. Die Hallelemente 22 sind ortsfest angeordnet und radial in Bezug auf das Target 20 verteilt. Zusätzlich sind die Arretierungen 6 vorgesehen, mit denen mechanisch bestimmte Positionen des Stellelements 2 festgelegt werden können.Figure 3 shows a perspective view of the switching dome 3, with some parts omitted, so as to better illustrate the structure of the invention. Here you can see that a target 20 on the movable actuator 2 is attached. The Hall elements 22 are arranged stationary and distributed radially with respect to the target 20. In addition, the detents 6 are provided with which mechanically determined positions of the actuating element 2 can be determined.
Figur 4 zeigt eine Draufsicht in Richtung der Achse A des Stellelements 2. Hier ist deutlich zu erkennen, dass die beiden Arretierungen 6 für die mechanische Einstellung der Position des Stellelements 2 gegenüberliegend angebracht sind. Die Hallelemente 22 sind radial um das Target 20 verteilt.FIG. 4 shows a plan view in the direction of the axis A of the actuating element 2. It can clearly be seen here that the two detents 6 are mounted opposite one another for the mechanical adjustment of the position of the actuating element 2. The Hall elements 22 are distributed radially around the target 20.
Figur 5 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung der Zuordnung des Targets 22 zum Stellelement 2 und ebenso der beiden Hallelemente 22 zum Target 20. Das Target 20 und die mindestens zwei Hallelemente 22 sind derart in Bezug auf das Stellelement 2 angeordnet, dass damit die mehreren Neutralpositionen N, der Rückwärtsgang R, die Zwischenpositionen Z und die Endpositionen 10 des Schaltgetriebes erfassbar sind. Die Schaltwege 14 des Getriebes sind ebenfalls in Figur 5 gezeigt. An den Enden der Schaltwege 14 befinden sich die Endpositionen 10 bzw. der Rückwärtsgang R. Wie bereits oben erwähnt, erfolgt die Erfassung der Schalt- oder Wählposition auf der Basis von mindes- tens zweier Hallelemente 22. Die Hallelemente können dabei als 2D- oder SD- Hallsensoren ausgebildet sein. Ebenso ist es denkbar, dass die Hallelemente 22 einfache Hallsensoren sind und dass die beiden Hallelemente 22 jeweils zwei einfache dieser Hallsensoren umfassen, so dass eine Winkelmessung möglich ist. Das Target 20 ist ein Magnet.FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of the assignment of the target 22 to the actuating element 2 and also of the two Hall elements 22 to the target 20. The target 20 and the at least two Hall elements 22 are arranged in relation to the actuating element 2 such that the plurality of neutral positions N, the reverse gear R, the intermediate positions Z and the end positions 10 of the gearbox can be detected. The shift travel 14 of the transmission are also shown in FIG. At the ends of the switching paths 14 are the end positions 10 and the reverse gear R. As already mentioned above, the detection of the switching or selection position is based on at least two Hall elements 22. The Hall elements can be used as 2D or SD - Hall sensors be formed. It is also conceivable that the Hall elements 22 are simple Hall sensors and that the two Hall elements 22 each comprise two simple of these Hall sensors, so that an angle measurement is possible. The target 20 is a magnet.
Figur 6 zeigt eine vereinfachte Darstellung einer Ausführungsform zur Bestimmung der Absolutposition mittels zweier Hallelemente 22 und eines Targets 20. Die beiden Hallelemente 22 sind derart in Bezug auf das Target 20 angeordnet, dass von jedem Hallelement 22 eine Gerade 18 ausgeht und das Target 20 schneidet, so dass die Winkelstellung des Targets 20 bzw. des Stellelements 2 bestimmt werden kann. Die beiden Geraden 18 schließen mit jeweils der gedachten Horizontalen H einen Winkel α bzw. ß ein. Die Position der Targets 20 errechnet sich aus einer Funktion f (α/ß). Figur 7 zeigt eine vereinfachte Darstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform zurFIG. 6 shows a simplified representation of an embodiment for determining the absolute position by means of two Hall elements 22 and a target 20. The two Hall elements 22 are arranged with respect to the target 20 such that a straight line 18 emanates from each Hall element 22 and cuts the target 20, so that the angular position of the target 20 and the actuating element 2 can be determined. The two lines 18 close with each of the imaginary horizontal H an angle α or ß. The position of the targets 20 is calculated from a function f (α / β). FIG. 7 shows a simplified illustration of a further embodiment of the invention
Bestimmung der Absolutposition mittels zweier Hallelemente 22 und zweierDetermination of the absolute position by means of two Hall elements 22 and two
Targets 2d und 2O2. Die beiden Hallelemente 22 sind derart in Bezug auf zwei Targets 2d und 2O2. angeordnet, dass von jedem Hallelement 22 eine GeradeTargets 2d and 2O 2 . The two Hall elements 22 are so in relation to two targets 2d and 2O 2 . arranged that of each Hall element 22 a straight line
18 ausgeht und jedes Target 2Oi und 2O2 schneidet, so dass die Winkelstellung der Targets 2Oi und 2O2 bzw. des Stellelements 2 bestimmbar ist. Auch hier schließen die beiden Geraden 18 mit jeweils der gedachten Horizontalen H einen Winkel α bzw. ß ein. Die Position der beiden Targets 20 errechnet sich jeweils aus einer Funktion f (α/ß). 18 goes out and each target 2Oi and 2O 2 intersects, so that the angular position of the targets 2Oi and 2O 2 and the actuating element 2 can be determined. Again, close the two lines 18 with each of the imaginary horizontal H an angle α or ß. The position of the two targets 20 is calculated in each case from a function f (α / β).

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Vorrichtung (1 ) zur Erfassung sämtlicher Schaltpositionen bei einem Schaltgetriebe mit einem Schaltdom (3), der ein bewegliches Stellelement1. Device (1) for detecting all shift positions in a manual transmission with a shift dome (3), the movable actuator
(2) aufweist, über das die einzelnen Schaltpositionen (10) bei dem Schaltgetriebe einstellbar sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem beweglichen Stellelement (2) mindestens ein Target (20) zugeordnet ist und dass mindestens zwei Hallelemente (22) zur Bestimmung der Position des beweglichen Stellelements (2) vorgesehen sind.(2), via which the individual shift positions (10) in the transmission are adjustable, characterized in that the movable control element (2) at least one target (20) is associated and that at least two Hall elements (22) for determining the position of movable actuating element (2) are provided.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass beide Hallelemente (20) jeweils aus mindestens einem Hallsensor (25) bestehen.2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that both Hall elements (20) each consist of at least one Hall sensor (25).
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hallsensoren (25) einfache Hallsensoren sind und das die beiden HaIIeIe- mente (20) jeweils zwei einfache Hallsensoren umfassen.3. A device according to claim 2, characterized in that the Hall sensors (25) are simple Hall sensors and that the two halves elements (20) each comprise two simple Hall sensors.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hallsensoren (25) der beiden Hallelemente als 2D-Hallsensoren ausgebildet sind.4. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the Hall sensors (25) of the two Hall elements are designed as 2D Hall sensors.
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die HaII- sensoren (25) der beiden Hallelemente (22) als 3D-Hallsensoren ausgebildet sind.5. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the HaII sensors (25) of the two Hall elements (22) are designed as 3D Hall sensors.
6. Vorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 3 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hallelemente (20) aus den Kombinationen der oben genannten Hallsensoren bestehen.6. Device according to claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the Hall elements (20) consist of the combinations of the above-mentioned Hall sensors.
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Hallelemente (22) derart in Bezug auf das Target angeordnet sind, dass von jedem Hallelement (22) eine Gerade ausgeht und das Target schneidet, so dass die Winkelstellung des Targets bzw. des Stellelements (2) in Bezug auf jedes Hallelement (22) bestimmbar ist. 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the two Hall elements (22) are arranged with respect to the target, that of each Hall element (22) emanates a straight line and the target intersects, so that the angular position of Targets or of the control element (2) with respect to each Hall element (22) can be determined.
8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Hallelemente (22) derart in Bezug auf zwei Targets (20) angeordnet sind, dass von jedem Hallelement (22) eine Gerade ausgeht und jedes Target (20) schneidet, so dass die Winkelstellung der Targets (20) bzw. des Stellelements (2) in Bezug auf jedes Hallelement8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the two Hall elements (22) are arranged with respect to two targets (20) that from each Hall element (22) emanates a straight line and each target (20) intersects such that the angular position of the targets (20) and the control element (2) with respect to each Hall element
(22) bestimmbar ist.(22) is determinable.
9. Vorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das mindestens eine Target (20) am beweglichen Stellelement (2) angebracht ist und mit den ortsfesten Hallelementen (22) zusammenwirkt.9. Device according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the at least one target (20) on the movable adjusting element (2) is mounted and with the stationary Hall elements (22) cooperates.
10. Vorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das mindestens eine Target (20) ortsfest ist und dass am beweglichen Stellelement (2) die Hallelemente (22) vorgesehen sind, und dadurch mit dem Target (20) zusammenwirken.10. Device according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the at least one target (20) is stationary and that on the movable adjusting element (2), the Hall elements (22) are provided, and thereby interact with the target (20).
11. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeich- net, dass das Target (20) und die mindestens zwei Hallelemente (22) derart in Bezug auf das Stellelement (2) angeordnet sind, damit die Neutralposition (N), der Rückwärtsgang (R), Zwischenpositionen (Z) und Endpositionen (10) des Schaltgetriebes erfassbar sind.11. The device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized marked, that the target (20) and the at least two Hall elements (22) are arranged with respect to the adjusting element (2) so that the neutral position (N), the Reverse gear (R), intermediate positions (Z) and end positions (10) of the gearbox can be detected.
12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 bis 11 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Stellelement (2) in Richtung der Achse (A) des Stellelements (2) und um die Achse (A) des Stellelements (2) bewegbar ist. 12. The device according to claim 1 to 11, characterized in that the adjusting element (2) in the direction of the axis (A) of the actuating element (2) and about the axis (A) of the actuating element (2) is movable.
PCT/EP2009/064345 2008-11-20 2009-10-30 Device for detecting all shifting positions of a manual transmission WO2010057760A1 (en)

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