WO2010043167A1 - 一种标签交换方法、装置和系统 - Google Patents

一种标签交换方法、装置和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010043167A1
WO2010043167A1 PCT/CN2009/074399 CN2009074399W WO2010043167A1 WO 2010043167 A1 WO2010043167 A1 WO 2010043167A1 CN 2009074399 W CN2009074399 W CN 2009074399W WO 2010043167 A1 WO2010043167 A1 WO 2010043167A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pon
label
port
unit
processing unit
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PCT/CN2009/074399
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郑若滨
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP09820243.5A priority Critical patent/EP2341675B1/en
Publication of WO2010043167A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010043167A1/zh
Priority to US13/087,830 priority patent/US8565597B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/64—Hybrid switching systems
    • H04L12/6418—Hybrid transport
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/66—Arrangements for connecting between networks having differing types of switching systems, e.g. gateways
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/50—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using label swapping, e.g. multi-protocol label switch [MPLS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/62—Wavelength based

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of data communications, and in particular to a label switching method, apparatus and system.
  • the existing passive bearer network (PON) mobile bearer network uses PON to perform mobile bearer on various services from a base station (BS), where the BS can be a 2G mobile network.
  • the BTS base transceiver station
  • the BTS is connected to the PON through El/Tl TDM (Time Division Multiplexing)
  • the BS can be the NodeB of the 3G mobile network through ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) / IMA (Inverse) Multiplexing over ATM, ATM reverse multiplexing)
  • BS can be LTE (Long Term Evolution) mobile network eNodeB through FE (Fast Ethernet) / GE (Gigabit Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet
  • the network is connected to the PON; after that, the PON is connected to the aggregation gateway through the metro aggregation network, and the aggregation gateway is connected to the mobile network element, such as the base station controller (BSC) of the 2G mobile network, and the 3G mobile network.
  • AGW Access Gateway
  • the PON service logical transmission pipeline is GEM port (GPON Encapsulation Method port), which uses GEM port-ID (GPON encapsulation method). Port ID) is identified.
  • GEM port GPON Encapsulation Method port
  • Port ID GPON encapsulation method
  • the PON service logical transmission pipeline is a LLID (Logical Link Identifier) pipeline, which is identified by LLID.
  • the aggregation node needs to have multiple interfaces (such as ATM). Interface, E1/T1 interface, SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) interface, FE/GE interface) to support multiple services and complex implementation; and existing OLT (optical line termination) and ONU (optical network) based on PON mobile bearer network Units) All need to be aware of ATM/IMA, El/Tl TDM and ETH services, which is complicated to implement. Summary of the invention
  • embodiments of the present invention provide a label switching method, apparatus, and system.
  • a label switching method is to establish a PON service logical transmission pipeline between an optical line terminal OLT and an optical network unit ONU when a PON-based LSP based on a passive optical network is established, and according to a PON service logical transmission as a PON label
  • An identifier of the pipeline updating a PON-based FIB table of the passive optical network based forwarding information base on the ONU, and updating a PON-based LFIB table of the passive optical network based label forwarding information base on the OLT;
  • PON-based LFIB table record The forwarding relationship between the ingress port, the ingress label, the egress port, and the egress label;
  • the PON-based FIB table records the forwarding relationship between the ingress port, the destination address, and the egress port and the egress label;
  • the ONU forwards the data packet according to the PON-based FIB table, and forwards the data packet to the OLT with the PON label, and the OLT receives the datagram according to the received datagram.
  • the ingress PON interface and the ingress label of the ingress look up the PON-based LFIB table for label switching, and transmit the packet to the next hop node according to the outgoing port and the outgoing label of the label exchange; or, when the data packet arrives at the OLT
  • the OLT searches for the PON-based LFIB table according to the ingress port of the data packet and the multi-protocol label switching MPLS label as the inbound label
  • the OLT exchanges the outgoing PON interface as the egress port and the outgoing label.
  • the PON label transmits the packet to the ONU, and the ONU forwards the received packet with the PON label according to the PON-based FIB table.
  • optical line terminal comprising a control plane processing module and a data plane processing module
  • the control plane processing module is configured to establish a PON service logical transmission pipeline with the optical network unit, allocate a PON label, and generate a PON-based LFIB table according to the PON label;
  • the data plane processing module obtains the corresponding outgoing port and outgoing label according to the inbound port of the received data packet and the inbound label to query the PON-based LFIB table, and performs label switching on the input packet, which will carry the corresponding label. Data packets are output by the corresponding outgoing port.
  • optical network unit comprising a control plane processing module and a data plane processing module
  • the control plane processing module is configured to cooperate with the optical network unit to establish a PON service logical transmission pipeline with the optical network unit, allocate a PON label, and generate a PON-based FIB table according to the PON label;
  • the data plane processing module queries the PON-based FIB table according to the destination address of the data packet to obtain the corresponding outgoing port and the outgoing label, the data is carried in the corresponding PON frame according to the outgoing label, The corresponding out port output is forwarded.
  • a label switching system the system comprising the OLT and ONU described above.
  • the ATM/IMA, El/Tl TDM, ETH or IP service is perceived only in the PON-LER edge node (ONU) based on the PON and MPLS hybrid label switching network, based on PON and MPLS.
  • the internal PON-LSR (OLT)/MPLS LSR of the hybrid label switching network does not need to be aware of ATM/IMA, El/Tl TDM, ETH or IP services.
  • the internal PON-LSR (OLT)/MPLS LSR of the network is greatly simplified.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art PON-based mobile bearer network
  • 2a is a schematic diagram of a label switching network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2b is a schematic diagram of a label switching network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2c is a schematic diagram c of a label switching network according to an embodiment of the present invention .
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an internal module of a PON-LSR according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4a is a diagram showing an internal module of a PON-LER according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4b is a diagram showing the internal module of the PON-LER according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a label switching method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a control plane process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7a is a schematic diagram of a GPON-based LFIB table according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7b is a schematic diagram of an EPON-based LFIB table according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8a is a schematic diagram of a GPON-based FIB table according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8b is a schematic diagram of an EPON-based FIB table according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a label switching process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10a is a timing diagram of control plane processing in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10b is a timing diagram b of control plane processing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of implementing a PW function based on a PON mobile bearer network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12a is a schematic diagram of implementing a PON-based VPN according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12b is a schematic diagram b of implementing a PON-based VPN according to an embodiment of the present invention. Mode for carrying out the invention
  • the GEM Port pipe is regarded as a special MPLS pipe
  • the GEM Port ID (GEM Port ID) is regarded as a special MPLS label.
  • GEM port addressing is combined with label switching, that is, GEM Port ID is used for both frame addressing filtering and label switching.
  • the business logic pipeline formed by LLID is regarded as a special MPLS pipeline.
  • LLID is regarded as a special MPLS label, which combines LLID addressing with label switching. That is, LLID is used for both frame addressing filtering and label switching.
  • the corresponding attributes can also be used.
  • the ID is used as a special MPLS label, but for convenience of description, the embodiment of the present invention expresses the GEM Port ID/LLID as a representative, and collectively refers to it as a PON label, and regards the PON label as a special MPLS label, and the PON segment It is called a PON LSD (Label Switching Domain), and the MPLS segment is called an MPLS label domain.
  • PON LSD Label Switching Domain
  • the ONU is a special LER (Label Edge Router) called PON-LER.
  • the OLT is a special LSR (Label).
  • Switched Router called PON-LSR;
  • PON-LER is a router that forwards packets from a PON tag domain. Its role is to analyze ATM cell headers, TDM time slots, ETH frame headers or IP packet headers. Used to determine the corresponding transport level and label switched path (LSP);
  • PON-LSR is similar to a general-purpose IP switch, which is the device responsible for packet-based Layer 3 forwarding and PON-based label switching in the PON label domain.
  • the PON label of the PON segment and the MPLS label of the MPLS segment together form a PON-based LSP, and the PON passing through the transmission
  • a PON-based LSP consisting of a set of LSRs and MPLS LSRs, which forwards a specific FEC (Forwarding Equivalence Class) packet using a label switched forwarding mechanism based on PON and MPLS hybrid.
  • FEC Forwarding Equivalence Class
  • the FEC packet defines such a set of ATM cells, TDM time slots, ETH frames or IP packets, from the behavior of forwarding, their FEC packets have the same forwarding attributes.
  • packets are divided into different forwarding equivalence classes (FECs) according to different forwarding requirements at the ingress PON-LER, and each specific FEC is mapped to a next hop, that is, Each particular ATM cell, TDM time slot, ETH frame, or IP packet entering the network is assigned to a particular FEC.
  • FECs forwarding equivalence classes
  • Each specific FEC is encoded as a PON tag, and the packet is encapsulated into a PON frame corresponding to the PON tag and forwarded to the next hop.
  • PON-LSR/MPLS LSR On each subsequent hop PON-LSR/MPLS LSR, it is no longer necessary to analyze the ATM cell header, TDM time slot, ETH frame header or IP packet header, but use the PON label/MPLS label as a pointer to point to the next hop.
  • the output port and a new PON tag/MPLS tag the new PON tag/MPLS tag replaces the new PON tag/MPLS tag and is forwarded via the designated output port.
  • the IP cell routing mechanism or other forwarding mechanism is used to forward the ATM cell, the TDM time slot, the ETH frame or the IP packet to the destination;
  • the MPLS-LER After reaching the last MPLS LER, the MPLS-LER performs de-tag processing, and then directly sends the packet to the access gateway AGW/radio network controller RNC/base station controller BSC for processing, as shown in FIG. 2b;
  • the PON tag domain is a multi-level PON cascade.
  • the PON tag domain is a TDM PON and WDM PON engineering network.
  • the first-level PON is a TDM PON (such as EPON/GPON).
  • the second-level PON is a WDM PON, that is, the OLT of the first-level PON (such as the Remote OLT in FIG.
  • the remote OLT uses a point-to-point WDM PON for backhaul (Backhaul), and the Remote OLT for the WDM PON OLT.
  • Backhaul backhaul
  • Remote OLT for the WDM PON OLT.
  • Metro OLT, Metro OLT in Figure 2c is equivalent to a special ONU. The process is similar to that described above, and is also exchanged according to the PON tag of the GEM Port ID/LLID.
  • the embodiment of the invention further discloses a PON-LSR, B ⁇ OLT, as shown in FIG. 3, wherein
  • the PON-LSR includes a control plane processing module and a data plane processing module, wherein the control plane processing module is configured to establish a PON service logical transmission pipeline (such as a pipe corresponding to a GEM Port or an LLID) between the optical network unit, and allocate a PON label.
  • a PON-based LFIB table is generated based on the PON tag.
  • the routing protocol processing unit of the control plane processing module exchanges three layers of routing information with other PON-LSR/MPLS-LSRs to establish a routing table, which is stored and maintained by the IP routing table processing unit; the control plane also passes through the PON.
  • the -based label distribution protocol processing unit and other PON-LSR/MPLS-LSR exchange the binding information of the PON label (or MPLS label) to the route through a label distribution protocol (such as LDP/RSVP, Label Distribution Protocol/Resource Reservation Protocol). That is, PON label allocation is performed to establish a PON-based LIB table; at the same time, a PON-based LFIB table is generated according to the routing table and the PON-based LIB table, and optionally a PON-based FIB table can also be generated.
  • a label distribution protocol such as LDP/RSVP, Label Distribution Protocol/Resource Reservation Protocol
  • the data plane processing module checks the PON-based LFIB table according to the PON label (or MPLS label) of the input PON frame/MPLS packet to obtain the corresponding outgoing port and outgoing label, performs label switching, and inputs the input PON frame (or MPLS packet). Converted to the MPLS packet (or PON frame) carrying the corresponding outgoing label, and output by the corresponding egress port; in addition, the control signaling is also transmitted by means of IP routing, and the data plane processing module is further configured according to the input IP packet.
  • the destination address is checked by the PON-based FIB table to obtain the corresponding outgoing port and the outgoing PON label, and is forwarded, and the input IP packet is carried into the PON frame carrying the corresponding outgoing PON label, and is output by the corresponding outgoing port.
  • control plane processing module includes a PON-based label distribution protocol processing unit, a PON configuration unit, and optionally a routing protocol processing unit, an IP routing table processing unit, a PON-based LIB unit, and a path calculation unit.
  • the PON-based label distribution protocol processing unit is used to communicate with other PON-LSRs (or MPLS-LSRs) through label distribution protocols (such as extended LDP/RSVP, OAM (Operation, Administration and Maintenance) or OMCI). (ONT Management Control Interface, ONT Management and Control Interface) Protocol)
  • the PON-based LIB table is established by exchanging the binding information of the PON label (or MPLS label) to the route, that is, performing PON label allocation.
  • the binding of the routing entry and the local label is advertised to the neighbor PON-LSR/MPLS-LSR, and the routing entries and PON labels notified by the neighbor PON-LSR/MPLS-LSR are bound and received in the PON-based LIB table.
  • the PON-based LFIB table is generated by referring to the information of the PON-based routing table and the PON-based LIB table, and optionally, the PON-based FIB table can also be generated.
  • the PON-based label distribution protocol processing unit interacts with the PON configuration unit and/or the PON admission control unit to implement interworking between the PON configuration protocol (such as OMCI or OAM) and the LDP/RS VP.
  • the PON configuration unit is configured to configure a PON service logical transmission pipeline (such as a GEM PORT or a LLID corresponding pipeline), such as establishing, modifying, or deleting a service logical transmission channel of the PON; optionally, the PON configuration unit is further configured to implement label allocation. Function, that is, using PON configuration protocols, such as optical network unit management and control interface OMCI protocol or running management and maintenance OAM protocol for label distribution;
  • PON configuration protocols such as optical network unit management and control interface OMCI protocol or running management and maintenance OAM protocol for label distribution;
  • the routing protocol processing unit is configured to exchange routing information with other devices to generate a routing table; the adopted protocol may be OSPF.
  • the IP routing table processing unit is configured to store and maintain a PON-based routing table; the maintenance includes establishing and modifying.
  • PON-based LIB unit for storing and maintaining PON-based LIB meters
  • the corresponding IP routing table may also be statically configured, and the routing protocol processing unit may be omitted.
  • control plane processing module further includes a PON admission control unit and a path calculation unit
  • PON admission control unit is configured to implement PON admission control (such as PON interface bandwidth admission control), and may be configured by a label allocation protocol (such as resource pre- The RSVP protocol is used to trigger the execution of the PON admission control.
  • the path calculation unit is used to trigger the establishment of the PON-based LSP, and optionally, to calculate an optimal label switching path.
  • the data plane processing module includes a PON-based LFIB processing unit, a PON interface processing unit, and a network side interface processing unit, and may further include a PON-based FIB processing unit; the PON interface processing unit and the network side interface processing unit.
  • PON-based LFIB processing unit includes a PON-based LFIB processing unit, a PON interface processing unit, and a network side interface processing unit, and may further include a PON-based FIB processing unit; the PON interface processing unit and the network side interface processing unit.
  • the PON-based LFIB processing unit is used to store and maintain the PON-based LFIB table, and implements a PON and MPLS hybrid label switching forwarding function according to the PON-based LFIB table;
  • the PON-based FIB processing unit is used for storing and maintaining the PON-based FIB table, and implementing the PON label-based routing and forwarding function according to the PON-based FIB table;
  • the PON interface processing unit implements a PON interface communication processing function
  • the network side interface processing unit implements a network side interface communication processing function.
  • the embodiment of the invention further discloses a PON-LER, B ⁇ ONU, as shown in FIG. 4a, wherein
  • the PON-LER includes a control plane processing module and a data plane processing module, wherein the control plane processing module is used to cooperate with the optical network
  • the unit establishes a PON service logical transmission pipeline (such as a GEM PORT or a LLID corresponding pipeline) between the optical network unit, allocates a PON label, and generates a PON-based FIB table according to the PON label; the control plane processing module exchanges routes with other devices. Information, thereby establishing a routing table, and generating a PON-based FIB table according to the routing table, and maintaining the PON-based FIB table;
  • a PON service logical transmission pipeline such as a GEM PORT or a LLID corresponding pipeline
  • the data plane processing module checks the destination address of the input ATM cell, TDM time slot, ETH frame or IP packet.
  • the PON-based FIB table obtains the corresponding outgoing port and outgoing label, performs routing and forwarding, and carries the input ATM cell, TDM time slot, ETH frame or IP packet to the PON frame carrying the corresponding outgoing label, and is output by the corresponding outgoing port. .
  • control plane processing module includes a PON-based label distribution protocol processing unit and a PON configuration unit; and optionally includes a routing protocol processing unit, an IP routing table processing unit, a PON-based LIB unit, and a path calculation unit. among them,
  • the PON-based label distribution protocol processing unit is configured to exchange PON labels (or MPLS labels) with the PON-LSR (or MPLS-LSR) by label distribution protocols (such as extended LDP/RSVP, OAM or OMCI protocols).
  • the information that is, the PON label allocation, is used to establish a PON-based LIB table.
  • the binding of the routing entry and the local label is advertised to the neighbor PON-LSR/MPLS-LSR, and the routing entries and PON labels notified by the neighbor PON-LSR/MPLS-LSR are bound and received in the PON-based LIB table.
  • the PON-based FIB table is generated by referring to the information of the PON-based routing table and the PON-based LIB table;
  • the PON configuration unit is configured to configure a service logical transmission pipeline of the PON, such as establishing, modifying, or deleting a service logical transmission channel of the PON;
  • the routing protocol processing unit is configured to exchange Layer 3 routing information with other devices to generate a routing table.
  • the IP routing table processing unit is configured to store and maintain a routing table
  • the PON-based LIB unit is used to store and maintain the PON-based LIB meter, and the PON-based LIB meter is used to assist in generating the PON-based FIB meter;
  • the path calculation unit is used to trigger the establishment of the PON-based LSP, and optionally, to calculate the optimal label switching path.
  • the data plane processing module includes a PON-based FIB processing unit, a PON interface processing unit, and a network side interface processing unit;
  • the PON-based FIB processing unit is used for storing and maintaining the PON-based FIB table, and implementing the PON label-based routing and forwarding function according to the PON-based FIB table;
  • the PON interface processing unit implements a PON interface communication processing function
  • the network side interface processing unit implements a network side interface communication processing function.
  • the PON-LER may also adopt the internal structure shown in FIG. 4b.
  • the control plane processing module includes a PON configuration unit, a routing protocol processing unit, and an IP routing table processing. Unit, PON-based LIB unit and path calculation unit.
  • the PON configuration unit is integrated with the PON-based FIB table establishment and label allocation function of the PON-based label distribution protocol processing unit in addition to the service logic transmission channel for configuring the PON.
  • PON configuration For GPON and next-generation GPON, PON configuration The unit uses the OMCI protocol to achieve the above functions; for EPON and the next generation The EPON, PON configuration unit uses the OAM protocol to implement the above functions.
  • the network signal transmission process consists of two phases: one is the path negotiation and establishment process on the control plane; the other is the process of data transmission on the data plane according to the established path; that is, corresponding to each network entity (such as PON-LSR/ PON-LER) Control surface and data plane processing.
  • PON-based LSP is the label switching method of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, by the source ONU (ie, the ONU1 in FIG. 2a) and the OLT1 and the OLT2 to the destination ONU (ie, the ONU2 in FIG. 2a).
  • Step 501 Establishing between the OLT (such as OLT1 in FIG. 2a, OLT1 in FIG. 2b and OLT in FIG. 2c) and ONU (such as ONU1 in FIG. 2a, ONU1 in FIG. 2b, and ONU in FIG. 2c) GEM PORT pipeline; update the PON-based FIB table on the ONU according to the GEM Port ID as the PON label, update the PON-based LFIB table on the OLT, and optionally update the PON-based FIB table on the OLT;
  • OLT such as OLT1 in FIG. 2a, OLT1 in FIG. 2b and OLT in FIG. 2c
  • ONU such as ONU1 in FIG. 2a, ONU1 in FIG. 2b, and ONU in FIG. 2c
  • Each entry in the PON-based LFIB table includes an ingress port, an egress port, an inbound label, and an outgoing label, and records the forwarding relationship between the ingress port, the ingress label, the egress port, and the egress label; each of the PON-based FIB tables
  • the entry includes the inbound port, the egress port, the destination address, and the outgoing label. The forwarding relationship between the ingress port, the destination address, the egress port, and the outgoing label is recorded.
  • Step 502 When the data packet arrives at the ONU, the ONU forwards the data packet according to the PON-based FIB table, and forwards the data packet to the OLT with the PON label, and the OLT receives the packet according to the received packet.
  • the incoming PON interface and the ingress tag find the PON-based LFIB table for label switching, and the outgoing port and the outgoing label according to the label exchange transmit the message to the next hop node (such as PON-LSR/MPLS-LSR);
  • the OLT searches for the PON-based LFIB table according to the ingress port and the MPLS label for label switching, and transmits the packet to the ONU according to the label-switched outgoing PON interface and the outgoing PON label (PON- LER), the ONU forwards the received packet with the PON label according to the PON-based FIB table.
  • step 501 further specifically includes, as shown in FIG. 6:
  • ONU2 requests to establish a PON-based LSP from ONU2 to ONU1; from ONU2 to OLT1 hop by hop, the next-level node sends a request message to the PON label/MPLS label destined for ONU1 to the first-level node.
  • the message can be implemented using a Path/Tag request message.
  • the OLT1 performs PON admission control.
  • the OLT1 allows to establish a corresponding GEM PORT pipe of the PON label
  • the OLT1 sends a PON label request message to the ONU1 and a GEM PORT ID creation request to the ONU1.
  • the GEM PORT ID creation request message carries the assigned GEM PORT ID (for example, ID A).
  • the PON configuration unit of the ONU1 sends a GEM PORT ID creation response to the OLT1.
  • the GEM PORT ID is used as a PON label whose destination is ONU1, the PON-based LFIB table thereon is refreshed according to the PON label, and the Resv message/label mapping is replied to the OLT1.
  • the message carries the assigned assignment destination as ONU1 a PON label, where the creation message and the creation response message are sent by the OMCI protocol for the GPON and the next generation GPON; the ONU1 refreshes the PON-based FIB table thereon according to the PON label;
  • the OLT1 After receiving the Resv message/tag mapping message sent by the ONU1, the OLT1 refreshes the PON-based LFIB table according to the PON tag carried by the OLT1; from OLT1 to OLT2, the OLT2 is hop-by-hop from the upper-level node to the next-level node.
  • a P0N label/MPLS label to the destination 0NU1; the label can be carried by the Resv message/tag mapping message;
  • the OLT2 After receiving the Resv message/tag mapping message, the OLT2 sends a GEM PORT ID creation request message to the ONU2, where the GEM PORT ID creation request message carries the GEM PORT ID assigned to the ONU2 (for example, ID B); the ONU2 completes the GEM PORT After the ID is created, the PON configuration unit of the ONU2 sends a GEM PORT ID creation response message to the OLT2, and the message is sent by using the OMCI protocol.
  • the OLT2 uses the GEM PORT ID as the PON label of the ONU1, and refreshes the PON label according to the allocated PON label.
  • the PON-based LFIB table transmits the assigned PON label of the ONU1 to the ONU2 through the Resv message/tag mapping message; the ONU2 refreshes the PON-based FIB table thereon according to the PON label.
  • the OLT supports the LDP/RSVP protocol as the label distribution protocol, and the ONU uses the OMCI protocol as the label distribution protocol.
  • the step 501 further includes:
  • OLT2 requests to establish a PON-based LSP from ONU2 to ONU1; OLT2 performs PON admission control.
  • OLT2 allows to establish a corresponding GEM PORT pipe of PON label
  • OLT1 hops to OLT1 by hop by next level node Sending a request message to the PON label/MPLS label destined for ONU1 to the upper level node; the message may be implemented by using a Path/tag request message;
  • the OLT1 performs PON admission control.
  • the OLT1 allows the establishment of the corresponding GEM PORT pipe of the PON label
  • the OLT1 sends a GEM PORT ID creation message to the ONU1, where the message carries the allocated GEM PORT.
  • the ID (for example, ID A)
  • the PON configuration unit sends a GEM PORT ID creation response message to the OLT1, where the creation message and the creation response message are sent by the OMCI protocol for the GPON and its next-generation GPON.
  • the ONU1 also uses the GEM PORT ID as a PON label destined for the ONU1, and refreshes the PON-based FIB table thereon according to the PON label;
  • the OLT1 After receiving the GEM PORT ID creation response message sent by the ONU1, the OLT1 also uses the GEM PORT ID as the PON label of the ONU1, and refreshes the PON-based LFIB table according to the PON label; OLT1 plays OLT2 hop by hop from the upper-level node to the next-level node to a PON label/MPLS label whose destination is ONU1; the label message can be carried by using a Resv message/tag mapping message;
  • the OLT2 After receiving the Resv message/tag mapping message, the OLT2 sends a GEM PORT ID creation request message to the ONU2, where the GEM PORT ID creation request message carries the GEM PORT ID (such as ID B) assigned to the ONU2; After the GEM PORT ID is created, the GEM PORT ID is sent to the OLT2 to create a response message. The message is sent by the OMCI protocol. At the same time, the OLT2 and the ONU2 use the GEM PORT ID as the PON label to refresh the PON-based LFIB. Table and PON-based FIB tables.
  • the above PON-LSRs can perform PON interface bandwidth admission control. When the bandwidth requirement is not met, the suspension is described.
  • Establishment of a PON-based LSP The following describes the manner of data exchange in step 502 by combining the specific format examples of the PON-based FIB table and the PON-based LFIB table:
  • the label entry of the PON-based LFIB table is set by 20 bits, the MPLS label is 20 bits, the GEM port ID is 12 bits, and the LLID is 16 bits. Therefore, in the GPON-based LFIB table, the 20-bit label item is filled by 8 bits. Prefix and 12-bit GEM port ID, 8-bit special padding prefix can be set to "FF" (hexadecimal); in EPON-based LFIB table, 20-bit tag entry consists of 4 special padding prefixes and 16 bits The LLID consists of a 4-bit special padding prefix that can be set to "F" (hexadecimal).
  • the Ingress Interface is the ingress port and the Egress Interface is the egress port.
  • the ingress port and the egress port can be the same port, that is, forwarding in the same PON port. In this case, the ingress label and the outgoing PON label cannot be the same.
  • the label item can be a unicast PON label/unicast MPLS label or a multicast PON label/multicast MPLS label.
  • a packet corresponding to a multicast PON label/multicast MPLS label may be a packet corresponding to another multicast PON label/multicast MPLS label; a packet corresponding to a multicast PON label/multicast MPLS label After forwarding, the packet may also be a group of unicast PON labels/unicast MPLS labels.
  • Figures 7a and 7b show the specific contents of the GPON-based LFIB table and the EPON-based LFIB table, respectively.
  • the label switching forwarding process is shown in Figure 9.
  • the ingress port of the GEM frame such as GPON interface 2
  • the Bay ij PON-based LFIB processing unit removes the MPLS packet header, and then adds the GEM header, where the GEM PORT ID is the removed prefix "FF".
  • the above procedure is also applicable to the case of point-to-multipoint multicast (pt-mp multicast).
  • a PON frame taking an EPON MAC frame as an example
  • the PON-based LFIB processing unit removes the EPON MAC frame header, and then copies the EPON MAC frame payload, and finds that the N pair of outgoing ports and outgoing labels will be corresponding EPONs.
  • the label entries of the PON-based FIB table are set by 20 bits.
  • the 20-bit label entry consists of an 8-bit special padding prefix and a 12-bit GEM port ID.
  • the 8-bit special padding prefix can be set to "FF" (hexadecimal);
  • the 20-bit tag entry consists of a 4-bit special padding prefix and a 16-bit LLID.
  • the 4-bit special padding prefix can be set to "F" (sixteen) Binary).
  • the Target Address item is the VPI and VCI of the ATM.
  • the Target Address item is the slot number of the TDM.
  • the PON-based FIB processing unit checks the GPON-based FIB table according to the ingress port (such as the inbound port 1) and the destination address (such as IP@1) of the IP packet, and obtains the outbound port (such as the outbound GPON interface 1) and the outgoing label (such as "FF" + "321"), the PON-based FIB processing unit adds a GEM header to the IP packet, and optionally adds an Ethernet header before adding the GEM header, where the GEM PORT ID is the removed prefix "FF".
  • the PON-based FIB in the PON-LSR plays the same role, and the processing is similar, and will not be described again.
  • both the ONU and the OLT support the LDP/RSVP protocol as a label distribution protocol, and the ONU proposes to adopt the structure shown in FIG. 4a:
  • Path calculation triggers ONU2 to establish a PON-based LSP to ONU1;
  • the PON-based label distribution protocol processing unit of the ONU2 requests a PON label to the ONU1 through the Path message/tag request message to the OLT2;
  • the PON-based label distribution protocol processing unit of the OLT2 triggers the PON admission control unit to perform PON interface bandwidth admission control after receiving the request;
  • the PON-based label allocation protocol processing unit of the IKE2 OLT2 sends a Path message/tag request message to the MPLS LSR j to request an MPLS label to the ONU1; MPLS LSR j Similarly, the admission control of the corresponding node is performed, and then a PON label to the ONU1 is requested from the next node until the MPLS LSR i is reached;
  • the MPLS LSR i sends a Path message to the OLT1.
  • the label request message requests an MPLS label to the ONU1.
  • the PON-based label distribution protocol processing unit of the OLT1 triggers the PON admission control unit to perform PON bandwidth admission control after receiving the request;
  • the PON-based label distribution protocol processing unit sends a Path message to the ONU1/tag request message requesting a PON label to the ONU1;
  • the PON admission control unit triggers the PON configuration unit to send a GEM PORT ID/LLID creation message to the ONU1;
  • the PON configuration unit sends a GEM PORT to OLT1.
  • ID/LLID creates a reply message
  • the PON-based label distribution protocol processing unit of the ONU1 replies to the OLT1 with a Resv message/tag mapping message, which is allocated to the PON label of the ONU1, and the PON label is carried by the Resv message/tag mapping message;
  • the ONU1 refreshes the PON-based FIB table according to the allocated PON label
  • the PON-based label distribution protocol processing unit of the OLT1 replies to the MPLS LSR i with a Resv message/tag mapping message, and is allocated to the MPLS label of the ONU1;
  • OLT1 refreshes the PON-based LFIB table according to the allocated PON label
  • the PON-based label distribution protocol processing unit of the MPLS LSR j replies to the OLT2 with a Resv message/tag mapping message, and is allocated to the MPLS label of the ONU1;
  • the PON-based label distribution protocol processing unit of the OLT2 triggers
  • the PON configuration unit sends a GEM PORT ID/LLID creation response message to the ONU2;
  • the PON configuration unit sends a GEM PORT ID/LLID creation response message to the OLT2 after the GEM PORT ID/LLID is created.
  • the PON configuration unit of the OLT2 After receiving the GEM PORT ID/LLID creation response message, the PON configuration unit of the OLT2 triggers the PON-based label distribution protocol processing unit to reply the Resv message/tag mapping message to the ONU2, and assigns the PON label to the ONU1, the PON label is determined by Resv.
  • the message/tag mapping message is carried;
  • the OLT2 refreshes the PON-based LFIB table according to the allocated PON label.
  • the ONU2 refreshes the PON-based FIB table according to the assigned PON label.
  • the OLT supports the LDP/RSVP protocol as a label distribution protocol
  • the ONU uses the OMCI protocol as a label distribution protocol
  • the OLT needs to support a PON configuration protocol (such as OMCI).
  • the ONU recommends the structure shown in Figure 4b:
  • Path calculation triggering OLT2 establishes a PON-based LSP from ONU2 to ONU1;
  • the path calculation unit of OLT2 triggers the PON admission control unit to perform PON bandwidth admission control; one triggering method is as follows:
  • the path calculation unit of the OLT 2 simulates that the ONU 2 sends a Path message/tag request message to the PON-based label distribution protocol processing unit of the OLT 2, and requests a PON label to the ONU 1 from the OLT 2; after receiving the request, the PON-based label distribution protocol processing unit of the OLT 2 receives the request Triggering the PON admission control unit to perform PON bandwidth admission control;
  • the PON-based label allocation protocol processing unit of the IKE2 OLT2 sends a Path message/tag request message to the MPLS LSR j to request an MPLS label to the ONU1; MPLS LSR j Similarly, the admission control of the corresponding node is performed, and then a PON label to the ONU1 is requested from the next node until the MPLS LSR i is reached;
  • the MPLS LSR i sends a Path message to the OLT1.
  • the label request message requests an MPLS label to the ONU1.
  • the PON-based label distribution protocol processing unit of the OLT1 triggers the PON admission control unit to perform PON bandwidth admission control after receiving the request;
  • the protocol processing unit triggers the PON configuration unit to send a GEM PORT ID/LLID creation message to the ONU1.
  • the PON configuration unit is an OMCI protocol processing unit; one triggering method is as follows:
  • the PON-based tag allocation protocol processing unit sends a Path message/tag request message requesting a PON tag to the ONU1, and the request message is simulated by the PON configuration unit of the OLT1.
  • the PON configuration unit receives; after receiving the Path message/tag request message, the PON configuration unit triggers sending a GEM PORT ID/LLID creation message to the ONU1, and for the GPON and its next-generation GPON, the PON configuration unit is an OMCI protocol processing unit;
  • the PON configuration unit After the ONU1 completes the creation of the GEM PORT ID/LLID, the PON configuration unit sends a GEM PORT ID/LLID creation response message to the OLT1.
  • the PON configuration unit is an OMCI protocol processing unit, and the message is sent by using the OMCI protocol;
  • the ONU1 refreshes the PON-based FIB table according to the allocated PON label
  • the PON configuration unit of the OLT1 triggers the PON-based label distribution protocol processing unit of the OLT1 to reply the MPLS LSR i with the Resv message/tag mapping message and assigns it to the MPLS label of the ONU1.
  • One triggering method is as follows:
  • the PON configuration unit of the OLT1 simulates the ONU1 to reply the Resv message/tag mapping message to the PON-based label allocation protocol processing unit of the OLT1, and distributes the PON label to the ONU1, which is carried by the Resv message/tag mapping message; PON-based of the OLT1 After receiving the Resv message/tag mapping message, the label allocation protocol processing unit replies to the MPLS LSR i with a Resv message/tag mapping message, and allocates the MPLS label to the ONU1;
  • OLT1 refreshes the PON-based LFIB table according to the allocated PON label
  • the label allocation protocol processing unit of the MPLS LSR j replies to the OLT2 with a Resv message/tag mapping message, and allocates the MPLS label to the ONU1;
  • the PON-based label distribution protocol processing unit of the OLT2 triggers the PON configuration unit of the OLT2 to send a GEM PORT ID/LLID creation response message to the ONU2; a triggering manner is as follows:
  • the PON-based label distribution protocol processing unit of the OLT2 After receiving the Resv message/tag mapping message, the PON-based label distribution protocol processing unit of the OLT2 replies to the ONU2 with a Resv message/tag mapping message, and allocates the PON label to the ONU1, and the PON label is carried by the Resv message/tag mapping message; The request message will be received by the PON configuration unit of the OLT2 to simulate the ONU2. After receiving the Resv message/tag mapping message, the PON configuration unit of the OLT2 triggers the sending of the GEM PORT ID/LLID creation response message to the ONU2.
  • the PON configuration unit sends a GEM PORT ID/LLID creation response message to the OLT2 after the GEM PORT ID/LLID is created.
  • the OLT2 refreshes the PON-based LFIB table according to the allocated PON label
  • the ONU2 refreshes the PON-based FIB table according to the assigned PON label. Further, the ONU can implement the PE function to construct a PON-based VPN (Virtual Private Network).
  • PON-based VPN Virtual Private Network
  • the pipeline formed by GEM Port can directly carry PW (Pseudo Wires);
  • the pipeline formed by LLID is regarded as a special PSN tunnel.
  • the LLID is regarded as a special PSN tunnel identifier.
  • the pipeline formed by the LLID can directly carry the PW.
  • FIG. 1 A schematic diagram of implementing a PW function based on a PON mobile bearer network using PW over PON is shown in FIG.
  • Another method for implementing the PW function based on the PON mobile bearer network is that the PW is carried over the Ethernet, and the Ethernet is carried on the Ethernet.
  • the PSN tunnel can be configured by the GEM Port/LLID.
  • the Ethernet layer between the PW and the PON is only used for unified encapsulation; or the Ethernet pipe formed by the virtual local area network identifier carries the PW.
  • the PON-based LSP segment is a Spoke and the LSP segment is a Hub.
  • the voice packet payload is usually short and fine (more than 50
  • the PW over PON greatly reduces the transmission efficiency of the Ethernet frame header and the MPLS tunnel packet header.
  • a PON unicast label which is a bidirectional label
  • the MPLS label is usually a unidirectional label
  • a PON unicast label can be used in two different directions of PON-based LSP.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further discloses a system, including an OLT and an ONU, where the OLT is two or more; wherein the OLT establishes a GEM with the optical network unit according to the GEM Port ID/LLID as a PON label.
  • ID/LLID pipeline according to the binding information of the PON label to the route, establish a PON-based LFIB table; according to the PON label of the received data, query the PON-based LFIB table to obtain the corresponding outgoing port and outgoing label, and input
  • the packet is exchanged by the label, and the data carrying the corresponding label is output by the corresponding out port; and routing and forwarding may also be performed according to the generated PON-based FIB table;
  • the ONU After the PON-based routing table is established, the ONU generates a PON-based FIB table according to the PON-based routing table, and obtains corresponding egress ports and outgoing tags according to the destination address of the data and the PON-based FIB table, according to The outgoing label carries the data in a corresponding PON frame, and is routed and forwarded by the corresponding outgoing port output.
  • the embodiments of the present invention are important for establishing TDM, video telephony, conference video, and on-demand applications by using PON-based LSPs of e2e, which can ensure e2e service quality and improve communication efficiency, and in particular, can greatly improve voice communication. s efficiency.
  • the ATM/IMA, El/Tl TDM, ETH or IP service is perceived only in the PON-LER edge node (ONU) based on the PON and MPLS hybrid label switching network, based on PON and MPLS.
  • the internal PON-LSR (OLT)/MPLS LSR of the hybrid label switching network does not need to be aware of ATM/IMA, El/Tl TDM, ETH or IP services.
  • the internal PON-LSR (OLT)/MPLS LSR implementation of the network is greatly simplified.
  • the PON-based LSP-based e2e service forwarding can be established, and the metropolitan area aggregation segment is connected to the optical access segment, and the edge (ONU) to the edge (aggregation gateway) of the mobile bearer network is formed by a unified label switching technology.
  • the transmission channel avoids the different forwarding characteristics between the segments and the segments in the prior art, and the protocols are diverse, and the inter-segment conversion, mapping and control are complicated; Further, TDM, ATM/IMA, ETH, IP services can be divided into different VPNs, isolated from each other, PON-based
  • the LSP transmission path can be dynamically negotiated to form a unified resource management of the transmission path between the BSs.

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Abstract

本发明实施例公开了一种标签交换方法， 在 PON-based LSP建立时， 在 OLT与 ONU之间建立 PON业务逻辑传输管道， 根据作为 PON标签的 PON业务逻辑传输管道的标识， 更新所述 ONU上的 PON-based FIB表，更新在所述 OLT上的 PON-based LFIB表；所述 PON-based LFIB表记录入端口、入标签和出端口、出标签之间的转发关系；所述 PON-based FIB表记录入端口、目的地址和出端口、出标签之间的转发关系；当数据报文到达 ONU或 OLT时，所述 ONU根据其上的 PON-based FIB表进行路由选择，所述 OLT则根据其上的 PON-based FIB表和 PON-based LFIB表分别进行转发和标签交换；还公开了一种 OLT、一种 ONU和一种标签交换系统；利用本发明的实施例能极大简化基于 PON和 MPLS混合的标签交换网络内部处理，避免网络中段与段之间的转发特性迥异、 协议多样、段间转换、映射和控制复杂的问题。

Description

一种标签交换方法、 装置和系统
本申请要求于 2009年 10月 15日提交中国专利局、申请号为 200810217020.9、发明名称为 "一 种标签交换方法、 装置和系统" 的中国专利申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及数据通讯领域， 具体地说， 涉及一种标签交换方法、 装置和系统。
发明背景
现有基于无源光网络 （Passive Optical Network, PON) 移动承载网， 如图 1所示， 采用 PON对来自基站 （Base Station, BS ) 的各种业务进行移动承载， 其中 BS可以是 2G移动网的 BTS ( base transceiver station, 基站）通过 El/Tl TDM ( Time Division Multiplexing, 时分复用） 上到 PON, BS可以是 3G移动网的 NodeB通过 ATM ( Asynchronous Transfer Mode, 异步传输 模式） /IMA ( Inverse Multiplexing over ATM, ATM反向复用）上到 PON, BS可以是 LTE ( Long Term Evolution,长期演进）移动网的 eNodeB通过 FE ( Fast Ethernet,快速以太网） /GE ( Gigabit Ethernet, 千兆比特以太网） 上到 PON; 之后， PON再通过城域汇聚网接到汇聚网关， 汇聚网 关再连到移动网网元， 如 2G移动网的基站控制台 （Base Station Controller, BSC ) 、 3G移动 网的 RNC或 LTE移动网的 AGW ( Access Gateway, 接入网关） 。 其中， 城域汇聚网通常为通 过 MPLS ( Multi- rotocol Label Switching,多协议标记交换）技术实现的 PSN ( Packet switched network, 分组交换网络） 。
对于 GPON ( Gigabit Passive Optical Network,千兆位无源光网络）及下一代 GPON, PON 业务逻辑传输管道为 GEM port ( GPON Encapsulation Method port, GPON封装方式端口） ， 采 用 GEM port-ID ( GPON封装方式端口标识） 进行标识。 对于 EPON ( Ethernet Passive Optical Network, 以太无源光网络） 及下一代 EPON, PON业务逻辑传输管道为 LLID ( Logical Link Identifier, 逻辑链路标识） 管道， 采用 LLID进行标识。
对于现有基于 PON移动承载网， 需要解决 ATM/IMA、 El/Tl TDM、 ETH (以太网） 或 IP业务如何上到汇聚节点（PE) 的问题， 通常要求汇聚节点出多种接口 （如 ATM接口、 E1/T1 接口、 SDH (同步数字体系） 接口、 FE/GE接口） 以支持多种业务， 实现复杂； 并且， 现有基 于 PON移动承载网的 OLT (光线路终端）和 ONU (光网络单元） 均需感知 ATM/IMA、 El/Tl TDM和 ETH业务， 实现复杂。 发明内容
鉴于上述问题， 本发明实施例提出一种标签交换方法、 装置和系统。
一种标签交换方法在基于无源光网络的标签交换路径 PON-based LSP建立时， 在光线路终端 OLT与光网络单元 ONU之间建立 PON业务逻辑传输管道， 根据作为 PON标签的 PON业务逻辑 传输管道的标识， 更新所述 ONU上的基于无源光网络的转发信息库 PON-based FIB表， 更新在所 述 OLT上的基于无源光网络的标签转发信息库 PON-based LFIB表； 所述 PON-based LFIB表记录 入端口、 入标签和出端口、 出标签之间的转发关系； 所述 PON-based FIB表记录入端口、 目的地址 和出端口、 出标签之间的转发关系；
当数据报文到达 ONU时， 所述 ONU根据其上的 PON-based FIB表进行转发， 将数据报文转 换为带有 PON标签的报文转发给所述 OLT, 所述 OLT则根据接收数据报文的作为入端口的入 PON 接口和入标签査找 PON-based LFIB表进行标签交换，按标签交换后的出端口和出标签将报文传输给 下一跳节点； 或者， 当数据报文到达 OLT时， 所述 OLT根据数据报文的入端口和作为入标签的多 协议标记交换 MPLS标签査找 PON-based LFIB表进行标签交换， 按标签交换后的作为出端口的出 PON接口和作为出标签的出 PON标签将报文传输给 ONU, 所述 ONU对接收的带有 PON标签的报 文根据 PON-based FIB表进行转发。
一种光线路终端， 所述光线路终端包括控制面处理模块和数据面处理模块，
所述控制面处理模块用于建立与光网络单元之间的 PON业务逻辑传输管道，分配 PON标 签， 根据 PON标签生成 PON-based LFIB表；
所述数据面处理模块根据的接收到的数据报文的入端口、 入标签査询 PON-based LFIB表 得到相应出端口和出标签， 将输入的报文进行标签交换， 将携带相应出标签的数据报文由相应 的出端口输出。
一种光网络单元， 所述光线路终端包括控制面处理模块和数据面处理模块；
所述控制面处理模块用于配合光网络单元建立与光网络单元之间的 PON业务逻辑传输管 道， 分配 PON标签， 根据 PON标签生成 PON-based FIB表；
所述数据面处理模块根据数据报文的目的地址査询所述 PON-based FIB表得到相应的出 端口和出标签后， 根据所述出标签将所述数据携带在相应的 PON帧中， 由相应的出端口输出 进行转发。
一种标签交换系统， 所述系统包括以上所述的 OLT和 ONU。
利用本发明实施例公开的方案， 对 ATM/IMA、 El/Tl TDM、 ETH或 IP业务的感知仅在 基于 PON和 MPLS混合的标签交换网络的 PON-LER边缘节点 (ONU), 基于 PON和 MPLS混 合的标签交换网络内部 PON-LSR(OLT)/MPLS LSR均无需感知 ATM/IMA、 El/Tl TDM, ETH 或 IP业务， 网络内部 PON-LSR(OLT)/MPLS LSR实现极大简化。 附图简要说明
图 1为现有技术的基于 PON移动承载网示意图；
图 2a为本发明实施例的标签交换网络示意图 a;
图 2b为本发明实施例的标签交换网络示意图 b;
图 2c为本发明实施例的标签交换网络示意图 c;
图 3为本发明实施例的 PON-LSR内部模块图；
图 4a为本发明实施例的 PON-LER内部模块图 a;
图 4b为本发明实施例的 PON-LER内部模块图 b; 图 5为本发明的实施例的标签交换方法流程图；
图 6为本发明的实施例的控制面处理的示意图；
图 7a为本发明实施例的 GPON-based LFIB表示意图；
图 7b为本发明实施例的 EPON-based LFIB表示意图；
图 8a为本发明实施例的 GPON-based FIB表示意图；
图 8b为本发明实施例的 EPON-based FIB表示意图；
图 9为本发明实施例的标签交换过程示意图；
图 10a为本发明的实施例的控制面处理的时序图 a;
图 10b为本发明的实施例的控制面处理的时序图 b;
图 11为本发明实施例的基于 PON移动承载网的实现 PW功能示意图；
图 12a为本发明实施例的实现 PON-based VPN的示意图 a;
图 12b 为本发明实施例的实现 PON-based VPN的示意图 b。 实施本发明的方式
本发明实施例中， 对于 GPON及下一代 GPON, 将 GEM Port管道视为一种特殊 MPLS管 道， 将 GEM Port ID ( GEM Port ID, GPON封装方式端口标识） 视为一种特殊的 MPLS标签， 将 GEM port 寻址与标签交换结合， 即 GEM Port ID既用于帧寻址过滤， 又可通过标签实现交 换； 对于 EPON及下一代 EPON, 将 LLID所构成的业务逻辑管道视为一种特殊 MPLS管道， 将 LLID视为一种特殊的 MPLS标签， 将 LLID寻址与标签交换结合， 即 LLID既用于帧寻址 过滤， 又可通过标签实现交换。 类似地， 对于其他的 PON类型， 包括 ATM无源光网络（ATM Passive Optical Network, APON)、宽带无源光网络 ( Broadband Passive Optical Network, BPON) 以及下一代 PON等， 也可以将其相应的属性 ID作为特殊的 MPLS标签， 但为便于描述， 本发 明实施例将 GEM Port ID/LLID作为代表来进行表述， 将其统称为 PON标签， 将 PON标签视 为一种特殊的 MPLS标签， 将 PON段称为 PON LSD ( Label Switching Domain, 标签域） ， 将 MPLS段称为 MPLS标签域。
在基于 PON和 MPLS混合的标签交换网络中，如图 2a所示， ONU为一种特殊的 LER( Label Edge Router，标签边缘路由器），称为 PON-LER; OLT为一种特殊的 LSR( Label Switched Router, 标签交换路由器） ， 称为 PON-LSR; PON-LER是从一个 PON标签域转发分组的路由器,它的 作用是分析 ATM信元头、 TDM时隙、 ETH帧头或 IP分组头， 用于决定相应的传送级别和标 签交换路径 （LSP ) ； PON-LSR类似一个通用 IP交换机， 它是 PON标签域中负责分组的三层 转发和基于 PON的标签交换的设备。
从而，在建立基于 PON-based LSP的端到端 (End-To-End， e2e)业务转发时， PON段的 PON 标签和 MPLS段的 MPLS标签共同组成 PON-based LSP，通过在传输经过的 PON-LSR和 MPLS LSR集合构成的 PON-based LSP, 利用一个基于 PON和 MPLS混合的标签交换转发机制转发 一个特定的 FEC (转发等价类）分组。其中， FEC分组定义了这样一组 ATM信元、 TDM时隙、 ETH帧或 IP分组， 从转发的行为来看， 它们所属 FEC分组具有相同的转发属性。
具体地， 在基于 PON和 MPLS混合的标签交换网络中， 在入口 PON-LER处分组按照不 同转发要求划分成不同转发等价类 （FEC ) ， 并将每个特定 FEC映射到下一跳， 即进入网络的 每一特定 ATM信元、 TDM时隙、 ETH帧或 IP分组都被指定到某个特定的 FEC中。 每一特定 FEC都被编码为一个 PON标签， 分组被封装到 PON标签对应的 PON帧中， 再转发到下一跳。 在后续的每一跳 PON-LSR/MPLS LSR上， 不再需要分析 ATM信元头、 TDM时隙、 ETH帧头 或 IP分组头， 而是用 PON标签 /MPLS标签作为指针， 指向下一跳的输出端口和一个新的 PON 标签 /MPLS标签，新的 PON标签 /MPLS标签替代新的 PON标签 /MPLS标签后经指定的输出端 口转发。 在出口 PON-LER上， 去除 PON标签所在 PON帧封装后使用 IP路由机制或其它转发 机制将 ATM信元、 TDM时隙、 ETH帧或 IP分组向目的地转发；
或者， 到达最后的 MPLS LER后， 由 MPLS-LER进行去标签处理后， 直接发送给接入网 关 AGW/无线网络控制器 RNC/基站控制器 BSC进行处理， 如图 2b所示； 并且以上两种方案也 可以扩展到 PON标签域为多级 PON级联的情况，比如该 PON标签域为 TDM PON和 WDM PON 工程的网络， 如图 2c所示， 第一级 PON为 TDM PON (如 EPON/GPON) ， 第二级 PON为 WDM PON, 即第一级 PON的 OLT (如图 2c中的 Remote OLT, 远端 OLT)采用点到点的 WDM PON进行回程 （Backhaul ) , Remote OLT对于 WDM PON的 OLT (如图 2c中的 Metro OLT, 城 域 OLT)来说相当于一种特殊的 ONU。处理过程和以上描述的方式类似， 同样是根据 GEM Port ID/LLID的 PON标签进行交换。
本发明实施例还公开一种 PON-LSR, B卩 OLT， 如图 3所示， 其中
PON-LSR包括控制面处理模块和数据面处理模块， 其中控制面处理模块用于建立与光网 络单元之间的 PON业务逻辑传输管道（如 GEM Port或 LLID所对应的管道），分配 PON标签， 根据 PON 标签生成 PON-based LFIB 表。 控制面处理模块的路由协议处理单元通过和其他 PON-LSR/MPLS-LSR交换三层路由信息， 以此建立路由表， 路由表由 IP路由表处理单元进行 存储和维护； 该控制面还通过 PON-based标签分配协议处理单元和其他 PON-LSR/MPLS-LSR 通过标签分配协议 （如 LDP/RSVP, 标签分发协议 /资源预留协议） 交换 PON标签 (或 MPLS标 签)对路由的绑定信息， 即进行 PON标签分配， 以此建立 PON-based LIB表； 同时再根据路由 表和 PON-based LIB表生成 PON-based LFIB表,可选地还可以生成 PON-based FIB表。
数据面处理模块根据输入的 PON帧 /MPLS报文的 PON标签（或 MPLS标签）査 PON-based LFIB表得到相应出端口和出标签， 进行标签交换， 将输入的 PON帧 （或 MPLS报文） 转换为 携带相应出标签的 MPLS报文 （或 PON帧） ， 由相应的出端口输出； 另外， 还对于控制信令 采用 IP路由的方式传输， 所述数据面处理模块还根据输入的 IP分组的目的地址査 PON-based FIB表得到相应出端口和出 PON标签， 进行转发， 将输入的 IP分组承载到携带相应出 PON标 签的 PON帧中， 由相应的出端口输出。
进一步地， 所述控制面处理模块包括 PON-based标签分配协议处理单元， PON配置单元； 还可选地包括路由协议处理单元， IP路由表处理单元、 PON-based LIB单元和路径计算单元。 其中， PON-based标签分配协议处理单元用于和其他 PON-LSR (或 MPLS-LSR)通过标签分 配协议 （如扩展的 LDP/RSVP、 OAM ( Operation, Administration and Maintenance, 运行管理和 维护） 或 OMCI ( ONT Management Control Interface, ONT管理和控制接口） 协议） 交换 PON 标签 (或 MPLS标签)对路由的绑定信息， 即进行 PON标签分配， 以此建立 PON-based LIB表。 再把路由条 目和本地标签的绑定通告给邻居 PON-LSR/MPLS-LSR， 同时把邻居 PON-LSR/MPLS-LSR告知的路由条目和 PON标签绑定接收下来放到 PON-based LIB表里， 最 后在网络路由收敛的情况下，参照 PON-based路由表和 PON-based LIB表的信息生成 PON-based LFIB表， 可选地， 还可以生成 PON-based FIB表。 可选地， PON-based标签分配协议处理单元 与 PON配置单元和 /或 PON准入控制单元进行交互， 实现 PON配置协议 （如 OMCI或 OAM ) 和 LDP/RS VP间的互通。
PON配置单元用于配置 PON业务逻辑传输管道（如 GEM PORT或 LLID所对应的管道）， 如建立、 修改或删除 PON的业务逻辑传输通道； 可选地， PON配置单元还用于实现标签分配 的功能，即用 PON配置协议，如光网络单元管理和控制接口 OMCI协议或运行管理和维护 OAM 协议来进行标签分配；
路由协议处理单元用于和其他设备交换路由信息， 生成路由表； 采用的协议可以是 OSPF
(开发最短路径优先） 协议、 RIP (路由信息协议） 或 BGP (边界网关协议） 等；
IP路由表处理单元用于存储和维护 PON-based路由表； 所述维护包括建立和修改。
PON-based LIB单元用于存储和维护 PON-based LIB表；
其中， 相应的 IP路由表也可采用静态配置， 此时路由协议处理单元可以省略。
可选地， 控制面处理模块还包括 PON准入控制单元和路径计算单元， PON准入控制单元 用于实现 PON 准入控制 (如 PON 接口带宽准入控制)， 可由标签分配协议 （如资源预留协议 RSVP ) 触发 PON准入控制的执行。 路径计算单元用于触发 PON-based LSP的建立， 可选的， 还用于计算最佳的标签交换路径。
进一步地， 所述数据面处理模块包括 PON-based LFIB处理单元、 PON接口处理单元和网 络侧接口处理单元， 还可以包括 PON-based FIB处理单元； 所述 PON接口处理单元和网络侧 接口处理单元可以为一个或多个； 其中：
PON-based LFIB处理单元用于存储和维护 PON-based LFIB表， 根据 PON-based LFIB表 实现 PON和 MPLS混合的标签交换转发功能；
PON-based FIB处理单元用于存储和维护 PON-based FIB表， 根据 PON-based FIB表实现 基于 PON标签的路由转发功能；
PON接口处理单元实现 PON接口通信处理功能；
网络侧接口处理单元实现网络侧接口通信处理功能。 本发明实施例还公开一种 PON-LER, B卩 ONU, 如图 4a所示， 其中
PON-LER包括控制面处理模块和数据面处理模块， 其中控制面处理模块用于配合光网络 单元建立与光网络单元之间的 PON业务逻辑传输管道（如 GEM PORT或 LLID所对应的管道）， 分配 PON标签， 根据 PON标签生成 PON-based FIB表； 控制面处理模块通过和其他设备交换 路由信息， 以此建立路由表， 并根据路由表生成 PON-based FIB表， 并对所述 PON-based FIB 表进行维护；
数据面处理模块根据输入的 ATM 信元、 TDM 时隙、 ETH 帧或 IP 分组的目的地址査
PON-based FIB表得到相应出端口和出标签， 进行路由转发， 将输入的 ATM信元、 TDM时隙、 ETH帧或 IP分组承载到携带相应出标签的 PON帧中， 由相应的出端口输出。
进一步地， 所述控制面处理模块包括 PON-based标签分配协议处理单元、 PON配置单元； 还可选地包括路由协议处理单元、 IP路由表处理单元、 PON-based LIB单元和路径计算单元。 其中，
PON-based标签分配协议处理单元用于和 PON-LSR (；或 MPLS-LSR)通过标签分配协议（如 扩展的 LDP/RSVP、 OAM或 OMCI协议） 交换 PON标签 (或 MPLS标签)对路由的绑定信息， 即实现 PON标签分配， 以此建立 PON-based LIB表。 再把路由条目和本地标签的绑定通告给 邻居 PON-LSR/MPLS-LSR, 同时把邻居 PON-LSR/MPLS-LSR告知的路由条目和 PON标签绑 定接收下来放到 PON-based LIB表里， 最后在网络路由收敛的情况下， 参照 PON-based路由表 和 PON-based LIB表的信息生成 PON-based FIB表；
PON配置单元用于配置 PON的业务逻辑传输管道， 如建立、 修改或删除 PON的业务逻 辑传输通道；
路由协议处理单元用于和其他设备交换三层路由信息， 生成路由表。
IP路由表处理单元用于存储和维护路由表；
PON-based LIB单元用于存储和维护 PON-based LIB表， PON-based LIB表用于协助生成 PON-based FIB表；
路径计算单元用于触发 PON-based LSP的建立， 可选的， 还用于计算最佳的标签交换路 径。
进一步地， 所述数据面处理模块包括 PON-based FIB处理单元、 PON接口处理单元和网 络侧接口处理单元； 其中
PON-based FIB处理单元用于存储和维护 PON-based FIB表， 根据 PON-based FIB表实现 基于 PON标签的路由转发功能；
PON接口处理单元实现 PON接口通信处理功能；
网络侧接口处理单元实现网络侧接口通信处理功能。
可替换地， PON-LER也可以采用采用图 4b所示的内部结构， 与图 4a所示的结构不同的 是，所述控制面处理模块包括 PON配置单元、路由协议处理单元、 IP路由表处理单元、 PON-based LIB单元和路径计算单元。 相当于 PON配置单元除了用于配置 PON的业务逻辑传输通道外， 还集成了 PON-based标签分配协议处理单元的 PON-based FIB表建立和标签分配的功能； 对于 GPON及下一代 GPON, PON配置单元采用 OMCI协议实现上述功能； 对于 EPON及下一代 EPON, PON配置单元采用 OAM协议实现上述功能。 下文主要以图 2a所示的网络为代表对本发明的实施例进行进一步描述。 网络信号传输过 程包括两个阶段： 一是在控制面的路径协商和建立过程； 二是在数据面的根据建立的路径进行 数据传输的过程； 即分别对应于各网络实体 （如 PON-LSR/PON-LER) 的控制面和数据面的处 理过程。假设 PON-based LSP是由源 ONU (即图 2a中的 ONUl )经 OLTl和 OLT2到目的 ONU (即图 2a中的 ONU2 ) ， 本发明的实施例的标签交换方法， 如图 5所示， 包括：
步骤 501 : 在 OLT (如图 2a中的 0LT1、 图 2b中的 OLT1和图 2c中的 OLT)与 ONU (如 图 2a中的 0NU1、 图 2b中的 ONU1和图 2c中的 ONU)之间建立 GEM PORT管道； 根据作为 PON标签的 GEM Port ID,更新 ONU上的 PON-based FIB表，更新在 OLT上的 PON-based LFIB 表， 可选地更新在 OLT上的 PON-based FIB表；
PON-based LFIB表中每个表项包括入端口、 出端口、 入标签和出标签， 记录了入端口、 入标签和出端口、 出标签之间的转发关系； PON-based FIB表中每个表项包括入端口、 出端口、 目的地址和出标签， 记录了入端口、 目的地址和出端口、 出标签之间的转发关系。
步骤 502 : 当数据报文到达 ONU时， 所述 ONU根据 PON-based FIB表进行转发， 将数据 报文转换为带有 PON标签的报文转发给所述 OLT， 所述 OLT则根据接收报文的入 PON接口 和入标签査找 PON-based LFIB表进行标签交换， 按标签交换后的出端口和出标签将报文传输 给下一跳节点 （如 PON-LSR/MPLS-LSR) ；
或者，当数据报文到达 OLT时，所述 OLT根据入端口和 MPLS标签査找 PON-based LFIB 表进行标签交换，按标签交换后的出 PON接口和出 PON标签将报文传输给 ONU ( PON-LER)， 所述 ONU对接收的带有 PON标签的报文根据 PON-based FIB表进行转发。
下面以 GPON或下一代 GPON为例进行具体描述， 对于 EPON, 处理流程类似， 只需将 GEM PORT ID替换为 LLID、 将 OMCI替换为 OAM即可。
当 PON和 MPLS混合的标签的分发可通过扩展的 LDP/RSVP协议以携带 PON标签完成 时， 步骤 501进一步具体包括， 如图 6所示：
1-2、 ONU2请求建立一条由 ONU2到 ONU1的 PON-based LSP; 从 ONU2起到 OLT1逐 跳由下一级节点向上一级节点发送一个到目的地为 ONU1的 PON标签 /MPLS标签的请求消息； 所述消息可以利用 Path/标签请求消息来实现。
3-4、 当所述请求消息到达 OLT1时， OLT1进行 PON准入控制， 当 OLT1允许建立 PON 标签相应的 GEM PORT管道， OLTl向 ONUl发送一个到 ONU1的 PON标签请求消息和 GEM PORT ID创建请求消息， 所述 GEM PORT ID创建请求消息携带分配的 GEM PORT ID (比如 为 ID A) ， ONUl根据接收的 GEM PORT ID完成 GEM PORT ID创建后， ONUl的 PON配置 单元向 OLTl发送 GEM PORT ID创建应答消息； 同时根据所述标签请求消息， 将所述 GEM PORT ID作为目的地为 ONU1的 PON标签，根据所述的 PON标签刷新其上的 PON-based LFIB 表， 并且向 OLT1回复 Resv消息 /标签映射消息， 该消息携带所分配的分配目的地为 ONU1的 PON标签， 其中对于 GPON及其下一代 GPON, 所述创建消息和创建应答消息采用 OMCI协 议发送； ONU1根据所述 PON标签刷新其上的 PON-based FIB表；
5、 OLT1接收到 ONU1发送的 Resv消息 /标签映射消息后， 根据其携带的 PON标签刷新 其上的 PON-based LFIB表； 从 OLT1起到 OLT2逐跳由上一级节点向下一级节点分配一个到 目的地为 0NU1的 P0N标签 /MPLS标签； 所述标签可以利用 Resv消息 /标签映射消息来携带；
6、 OLT2接收到 Resv消息 /标签映射消息后，向 ONU2发送 GEM PORT ID创建请求消息， 所述 GEM PORT ID创建请求消息携带分配给 ONU2的 GEM PORT ID (比如为 ID B ) ； ONU2 完成 GEM PORT ID创建后， ONU2的 PON配置单元向 OLT2发送 GEM PORT ID创建应答消 息， 消息采用 OMCI协议发送； 同时 OLT2将所述 GEM PORT ID作为目的地为 ONU1的 PON 标签， 根据分配的 PON标签刷新其上的 PON-based LFIB表， 并通过 Resv消息 /标签映射消息 将所分配的目的地为 ONU1的 PON标签发送给 ONU2; ONU2根据所述 PON标签刷新其上的 PON-based FIB表。
OLT支持 LDP/RSVP协议作为标签分发协议， ONU采用 OMCI协议作为标签分发协议， 当 OLT支持 PON配置协议 （如 OMCI ) 和 LDP/RSVP协议间的互通时， 类似地， 步骤 501进 一步具体包括：
1-2、 OLT2请求建立一条由 ONU2到 ONU1的 PON-based LSP; OLT2进行 PON准入控 制， 当 OLT2允许建立 PON标签相应的 GEM PORT管道， 则从 OLT2起到 OLT1逐跳由下一 级节点向上一级节点发送一个到目的地为 ONU1的 PON标签 /MPLS标签的请求消息； 所述消 息可以利用 Path/标签请求消息来实现；
3-4、 当所述请求消息到达 OLT1时， OLT1进行 PON准入控制， 当 OLT1允许建立 PON 标签相应的 GEM PORT管道， OLT1向 ONU1发送 GEM PORT ID创建消息， 所述消息携带分 配的 GEM PORT ID (比如为 ID A)， ONU1完成 GEM PORT ID创建后， PON配置单元向 OLT1 发送 GEM PORT ID创建应答消息， 其中对于 GPON及其下一代 GPON, 所述创建消息和创建 应答消息采用 OMCI协议发送； ONU1也将所述 GEM PORT ID作为目的地为 ONU1的 PON 标签， 根据所述的 PON标签刷新其上的 PON-based FIB表；
5、 OLT1接收到 ONU1发送的 GEM PORT ID创建应答消息后， 也将所述 GEM PORT ID 作为生成目的地为 ONU1的 PON标签，根据所述的 PON标签刷新其上的 PON-based LFIB表； 从 OLT1起到 OLT2逐跳由上一级节点向下一级节点分配一个到目的地为 ONU1 的 PON标签 /MPLS标签； 所述标签消息可以利用 Resv消息 /标签映射消息来携带；
6、OLT2接收到 Resv消息 /标签映射消息后，向 ONU2发送 GEM PORT ID创建请求消息， 所述 GEM PORT ID创建请求消息携带分配给 ONU2的 GEM PORT ID (比如为 ID B )； ONU2 根据所述 GEM PORT ID, 完成 GEM PORT ID创建后， 向 OLT2发送 GEM PORT ID创建应答 消息， 消息采用 OMCI协议发送； 同时 OLT2和 ONU2将所述 GEM PORT ID作为 PON标签， 分别刷新其上的 PON-based LFIB表和 PON-based FIB表。
以上各 PON-LSR都可以进行 PON接口带宽准入控制， 当不满足带宽要求时， 中止所述 PON-based LSP的建立。下面结合 PON-based FIB表和 PON-based LFIB表的具体格式实例对步 骤 502中的数据交换的方式进行具体说明：
PON-based LFIB表的标签项按 20位设置， MPLS标签为 20比特， GEM port ID为 12比 特， LLID为 16比特， 所以在 GPON-based LFIB表中， 20位标签项由 8位特殊的填充前缀和 12位 GEM port ID构成， 8位特殊的填充前缀可以设置为 " FF " (十六进制）； 在 EPON-based LFIB表中， 20位标签项由 4位特殊的填充前缀和 16位 LLID构成， 4位特殊的填充前缀可以 设置为 "F " (十六进制）。 Ingress Interface为入端口， Egress Interface为出端口。 入端口和出端 口可以为同一个端口， 即实现在同一个 PON端口内的转发， 此时入标签和出 PON标签不能相 同。
标签项可以为单播 PON标签 /单播 MPLS标签，也可以为组播 PON标签 /组播 MPLS标签。 一个组播 PON标签 /组播 MPLS 标签对应的报文经转发后可以是另一个组播 PON标签 /组播 MPLS标签对应的报文； 一个组播 PON标签 /组播 MPLS标签对应的报文经转发后也可以是一 组单播 PON标签 /单播 MPLS标签对应的报文。
下面结合 PON-based LFIB表和 PON-based FIB表的具体格式， 对 PON和 MPLS混合的 标签交换过程和路由交换过程进行详细说明：
图 7a和 7b分别示出了 GPON-based LFIB表和 EPON-based LFIB表的具体内容， 标签交换转发过程如图 9所示， 当 PON帧 （以 GEM帧为例） 到达 PON-LSR, PON-LSR 根据 GEM帧的入端口（如入 GPON接口 2 )和入标签（如 GEM PORT ID=132加上前缀 "FF" )， 査 GPON-based LFIB表， 得到出端口 （如出端口 2 ) 和出标签 （如 MPLS标签 =45321 ) ， 则 PON-based LFIB处理单元去除 GEM帧头， 然后添加 MPLS报文头， 其中的 MPLS标签为査得 的出标签值 （如 MPLS标签 =45321 ) ， 然后将 MPLS报文由出端口 （如出端口 2 ) 送出。
反之， 当 MPLS报文到达 PON-LSR, PON-LSR根据 MPLS报文的入端口 （如入端口 3 ) 和入标签 （如 MPLS标签 =12354) ， 査 GPON-based LFIB表， 得到出端口 （如出 PON接口 3 ) 和出标签（如 "FF" + 231 )， 贝 ij PON-based LFIB处理单元去除 MPLS报文头， 然后添加 GEM 帧头， 其中的 GEM PORT ID为査得的去除前缀 "FF " 的出标签值 （如 GEM PORT ID=231 )， 然后将 GEM帧由出端口 （如出 GPON接口 3 ) 送出。
上述过程也适用于点到多点组播（p-t-mp multicast) 的情形， 例如， 当 PON帧（以 EPON MAC帧为例） 到达 PON-LSR, PON-LSR根据 EPON MAC帧的入端口 （如 EPON接口 2 ) 和 入标签（如 LLID=1111加上前缀 "F" ) ， 査 EPON-based LFIB表， 得到 N对出端口和出标签 (如 N=2， 分别为出端口 2和 MPLS标签 =11111， 以及出端口 3和 MPLS标签 =22222 ) ， 则 PON-based LFIB处理单元去除 EPON MAC帧头，然后对 EPON MAC帧净荷进行复制，査到 N 对出端口和出标签就将相应的 EPON MAC帧净荷复制 N份， 然后依次将第一份 EPON MAC 帧净荷添加 MPLS 报文头， 其中的 MPLS 标签为査得的第一个出标签值 （如 MPLS 标签 =1 1111 ) ,… ，第 N份（N=2 ) EPON MAC帧净荷添加 MPLS报文头， 其中的 MPLS标签为査 得的第 N份 （N=2 ) 出标签值 （如 MPLS标签 =22222 ) ，然后将每份 MPLS报文分别由相应的 出端口送出， 如第一份 MPLS报文由出端口 2送出， …… ，第 N份 （N=2 ) MPLS报文由出端 口 3送出。
为便于描述， 以网络侧为 IP 接口的情况作为实例， 相应的 GPON-based FIB 表和 EPON-based FIB表的具体内容如图 8a和 8b所示。 PON-based FIB表的标签项按 20位设置， 同样在 GPON-based FIB表中， 20位标签项由 8位特殊的填充前缀和 12位 GEM port ID构成， 8位特殊的填充前缀可以设置为 " FF " (十六进制)； 在 EPON-based FIB表中， 20位标签项由 4 位特殊的填充前缀和 16位 LLID构成， 4位特殊的填充前缀可以设置为 " F" (十六进制)。对于 网络侧为 ATM接口的情况， Target Address项为 ATM的 VPI和 VCI。 对于网络侧为 TDM接 口的情况， Target Address项为 TDM的时隙号。
以根据 GPON-based FIB表的处理过程为例， 当 IP分组到达 PON-LER, PON- LER的
PON-based FIB 处理单元根据 IP 分组的入端口 （如入端口 1 ) 和目的地址 （如 IP@1 ) ， 査 GPON-based FIB表， 得到出端口 （如出 GPON接口 1 ) 和出标签 （如 "FF" + " 321 " ) ， 则 PON-based FIB处理单元对 IP分组添加 GEM帧头， 添加 GEM帧头之前可选添加以太网帧头， 其中的 GEM PORT ID为査得的去除前缀 "FF " 的出标签值 （如 GEM PORT ID=321 ) ， 然后 将 GEM帧由出端口 （如出 GPON接口 1 )送出。 其中 PON-LSR中的 PON-based FIB表起的作 用一样， 处理过程类似， 就不再赘述。
下文结合图 10a所示， 进一步具体描述前文中的步骤 501， 在该流程中， ONU和 OLT均 支持 LDP/RSVP协议作为标签分发协议， ONU建议采用图 4a所示的结构：
1、 路径计算触发 ONU2建立一条到 ONU1的 PON-based LSP;
2、ONU2的 PON-based标签分配协议处理单元通过 Path消息 /标签请求消息向 OLT2请求 一个到 ONU1的 PON标签；
3、 OLT2 的 PON-based标签分配协议处理单元收到请求后触发 PON准入控制单元进行 PON接口带宽准入控制；
4、 当 OLT2允许建立 PON标签相应的 GEM PORT/LLID管道， 贝 lj OLT2的 PON-based 标签分配协议处理单元向 MPLS LSR j发送 Path消息 /标签请求消息请求一个到 ONU1的 MPLS 标签； MPLS LSR j同样执行相应节点的准入控制，然后向下一个节点请求一个到 ONU1的 PON 标签 ， 直到到达 MPLS LSR i;
5、 MPLS LSR i向 OLT1发送 Path消息 /标签请求消息请求一个到 ONU1的 MPLS标签；
6、 OLT1 的 PON-based标签分配协议处理单元收到请求后触发 PON准入控制单元进行 PON带宽准入控制；
7、 当 OLT1允许建立 PON标签相应的 GEM PORT/LLID管道， 则 PON-based标签分配 协议处理单元向 ONU1发送 Path消息 /标签请求消息请求一个到 ONU1的 PON标签；
8、 当 OLT1允许建立 PON标签相应的 GEM PORT/LLID管道， PON准入控制单元触发 PON配置单元向 ONU1发送 GEM PORT ID/LLID创建消息；
9、 ONU1完成 GEM PORT ID/LLID创建后， PON配置单元向 OLT1发送 GEM PORT ID/LLID创建应答消息；
10、 ONUl的 PON-based标签分配协议处理单元向 OLT1回复 Resv消息 /标签映射消息， 分配到 ONU1的 PON标签， 该 PON标签由 Resv消息 /标签映射消息携带；
11、 ONU1根据分配的 PON标签刷新 PON-based FIB表；
12、 OLT1的 PON-based标签分配协议处理单元向 MPLS LSR i回复 Resv消息 /标签映射 消息， 分配到 ONU1的 MPLS标签；
13、 OLT1根据分配的 PON标签刷新 PON-based LFIB表；
14、 MPLS LSR j的 PON-based标签分配协议处理单元向 OLT2回复 Resv消息 /标签映射 消息， 分配到 ONU1的 MPLS标签；
15、 OLT2的 PON-based标签分配协议处理单元接收到 Resv消息 /标签映射消息后， 触发
PON配置单元向 ONU2发送 GEM PORT ID/LLID创建应答消息；
16、 ONU2完成 GEM PORT ID/LLID创建后， PON配置单元向 OLT2发送 GEM PORT ID/LLID创建应答消息；
17、 OLT2的 PON配置单元收到 GEM PORT ID/LLID创建应答消息后， 触发 PON-based 标签分配协议处理单元向 ONU2回复 Resv消息 /标签映射消息， 分配到 ONU1的 PON标签， 该 PON标签由 Resv消息 /标签映射消息携带；
18、 OLT2根据分配的 PON标签刷新 PON-based LFIB表；
19、 ONU2根据分配的 PON标签刷新 PON-based FIB表。
或如图 10b所示， 进一步具体描述前文中的步骤 501， 在该流程中， OLT支持 LDP/RSVP 协议作为 标签分发协议， ONU采用 OMCI协议作为标签分发协议， OLT需要支持 PON配置 协议 （如 OMCI) 和 LDP/RSVP协议间的互通， ONU建议采用图 4b所示的结构：
1、 路径计算触发 OLT2建立一条由 ONU2到 ONU1的 PON-based LSP;
2- 3 , OLT2的路径计算单元触发 PON准入控制单元进行 PON带宽准入控制； 一种触发 方式如下：
OLT2的路径计算单元模拟 ONU2向 OLT2的 PON-based标签分配协议处理单元发送 Path 消息 /标签请求消息， 向 OLT2请求一个到 ONU1的 PON标签； OLT2的 PON-based标签分配 协议处理单元收到请求后触发 PON准入控制单元进行 PON带宽准入控制；
4、 当 OLT2允许建立 PON标签相应的 GEM PORT/LLID管道， 贝 lj OLT2的 PON-based 标签分配协议处理单元向 MPLS LSR j发送 Path消息 /标签请求消息请求一个到 ONU1的 MPLS 标签； MPLS LSR j同样执行相应节点的准入控制，然后向下一个节点请求一个到 ONU1的 PON 标签 ， 直到到达 MPLS LSR i;
5、 MPLS LSR i向 OLT1发送 Path消息 /标签请求消息请求一个到 ONUl的 MPLS标签；
6、 OLT1 的 PON-based标签分配协议处理单元收到请求后触发 PON准入控制单元进行 PON带宽准入控制；
7- 8 , 当 OLT1允许建立 PON标签相应的 GEM PORT/LLID管道， 贝 lj PON-based标签分 配协议处理单元触发 PON配置单元向 ONU1发送 GEM PORT ID/LLID创建消息， 对于 GPON 及其下一代 GPON， PON配置单元为 OMCI协议处理单元； 一种触发方式如下：
当 OLT1允许建立 PON标签相应的 GEM PORT/LLID管道， 则 PON-based标签分配协议 处理单元发送 Path消息 /标签请求消息请求一个到 ONU1的 PON标签， 该请求消息会由 OLT1 的 PON配置单元模拟 ONU1进行接收； PON配置单元接收到 Path消息 /标签请求消息后， 触 发向 ONU1发送 GEM PORT ID/LLID创建消息， 对于 GPON及其下一代 GPON, PON配置单 元为 OMCI协议处理单元；
9、 ONU1完成 GEM PORT ID/LLID创建后， PON配置单元向 OLT1发送 GEM PORT ID/LLID创建应答消息，对于 GPON及其下一代 GPON, PON配置单元为 OMCI协议处理单元， 消息采用 OMCI协议发送；
10、 ONU1根据分配的 PON标签刷新 PON-based FIB表；
11一 12、0LT1的 PON配置单元触发 OLT1的 PON-based标签分配协议处理单元向 MPLS LSR i回复 Resv消息 /标签映射消息， 分配到 ONU1的 MPLS标签； 一种触发方式如下：
OLT1的 PON配置单元模拟 ONU1向 OLT1的 PON-based标签分配协议处理单元回复 Resv 消息 /标签映射消息， 分配到 ONU1的 PON标签， 该 PON标签由 Resv消息 /标签映射消息携 带； OLT1的 PON-based标签分配协议处理单元收到 Resv消息 /标签映射消息后向 MPLS LSR i 回复 Resv消息 /标签映射消息， 分配到 ONU1的 MPLS标签；
13、 OLT1根据分配的 PON标签刷新 PON-based LFIB表；
14、 MPLS LSR j的标签分配协议处理单元向 OLT2回复 Resv消息 /标签映射消息， 分配 到 ONU1的 MPLS标签；
15—16、 OLT2的 PON-based标签分配协议处理单元接收到 Resv消息 /标签映射消息后， 触发 OLT2的 PON配置单元向 ONU2发送 GEM PORT ID/LLID创建应答消息； 一种触发方式 如下：
OLT2的 PON-based标签分配协议处理单元接收到 Resv消息 /标签映射消息后， 向 ONU2 回复 Resv消息 /标签映射消息， 分配到 ONU1的 PON标签， 该 PON标签由 Resv消息 /标签映 射消息携带； 该请求消息会由 OLT2的 PON配置单元模拟 ONU2进行接收； OLT2的 PON配 置单元接收到 Resv消息 /标签映射消息后，触发向 ONU2发送 GEM PORT ID/LLID创建应答消 息 ΐ
17、 ONU2完成 GEM PORT ID/LLID创建后， PON配置单元向 OLT2发送 GEM PORT ID/LLID创建应答消息；
18、 OLT2根据分配的 PON标签刷新 PON-based LFIB表；
19、 ONU2根据分配的 PON标签刷新 PON-based FIB表。 进一步， ONU可以实现 PE功能， 从而构建 PON-based VPN (虚拟专用网， Virtual Private Network)。对于 GPON及下一代 GPON,将 GEM Port管道视为一种特殊 PSN隧道,将 GEM Port ID 视为一种特殊的 PSN隧道标识， GEM Port所构成的管道可以直接承载 PW( Pseudo Wires,伪线）； 对于 EPON及下一代 EPON, 将 LLID所构成的管道视为一种特殊 PSN隧道， 将 LLID视为一种特 殊的 PSN隧道标识， LLID所构成的管道可以直接承载 PW。采用 PW over PON即基于 PON移动承 载网实现 PW功能的示意图如图 1 1所示。
另一种基于 PON移动承载网的实现 PW功能的方法是 PW承载于以太网， 以太网再承载于
PON, PSN隧道可采用 GEM Port管道 /LLID所构成的管道， 此时， PW与 PON之间的以太网层只 是为了统一封装而已； 或者， 采用虚拟局域网标识所构成的以太网管道承载 PW。
但如果在 ONU1和 ONU2间建立单段 PW， PON和 MPLS混合的标签交换网络存在全网 状连接 （Full Mesh) 问题。 为了解决该问题， 建议在 OLT或汇聚节点实现 S-PE功能， 建立多 段 PW解决 Full Mesh; PON-based PW天然适合 Spoke-Hub拓扑， 例如如图 12a和 12b所示，
PON-based LSP段为 Spoke, LSP段为 Hub。
通常， 对于移动网络， 为了保证足够低的语音时延， 语音包净荷通常短小精悍 （超过 50
%小于 64字节） 。 PW over PON相对于目前承载于 MPLS网络的 PW, 由于节省了以太网帧头 和 MPLS隧道报文头开销， 从而传输效率有了极大提高。
对于 PON单播标签为双向标签， 而 MPLS标签通常为单向标签， 则一个 PON单播标签 可用于两个不同方向的 PON-based LSP中。
本发明实施例还公开一种系统， 包括 OLT和 ONU, 其中所述 OLT为 2个和 2个以上； 其中所述 OLT根据作为 PON标签的 GEM Port ID/LLID建立与光网络单元之间的 GEM Port
ID/LLID管道， 根据所述 PON标签对路由的绑定信息， 建立 PON-based LFIB表； 根据的接收 到的数据的 PON标签査询 PON-based LFIB表得到相应出端口和出标签， 将输入的报文进行标 签交换， 将携带相应出标签的数据由相应的出端口输出； 还可以根据生成的 PON-based FIB表 进行路由转发；
所述 ONU建立 PON-based路由表后， 根据所述 PON-based路由表生成 PON-based FIB表； 根据数据的目的地址以及所述 PON-based FIB表得到相应的出端口和出标签后， 根据所述出标 签将所述数据携带在相应的 PON帧中， 由相应的出端口输出进行路由转发。
利用本发明的实施例， 对于利用 e2e的 PON-based LSP建立 TDM、 可视电话、 会议视频、 点播等应用具有重要意义， 能保证 e2e业务服务质量并提高通信效率， 特别是能大幅提升语音 通讯的效率。
利用本发明实施例公开的方案， 对 ATM/IMA、 El/Tl TDM、 ETH或 IP业务的感知仅在 基于 PON和 MPLS混合的标签交换网络的 PON-LER边缘节点 (ONU), 基于 PON和 MPLS混 合的标签交换网络内部 PON-LSR(OLT)/MPLS LSR均无需感知 ATM/IMA、 El/Tl TDM、 ETH 或 IP业务， 网络内部 PON-LSR(OLT)/MPLS LSR实现极大简化。
进一步地， 能够建立基于 PON-based LSP的 e2e业务转发，将城域汇聚段到光接入段联为 一体， 通过统一的标签交换技术形成移动承载网的边缘 (ONU) 到边缘 （汇聚网关） 传输通道， 避免了现有技术的段与段之间的转发特性迥异， 协议多样， 段间转换、 映射和控制复杂； 进一步地， TDM， ATM/IMA, ETH, IP业务可分属不同 VPN, 彼此业务隔离， PON-based
LSP传输路径可动态协商， 形成了 BS间的传输路径统一资源管理。
通过以上的实施方式的描述， 本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到本发明可借助软件加 必需的硬件平台的方式来实现， 当然也可以全部通过硬件来实施。 基于这样的理解， 本发明的 技术方案对背景技术做出贡献的全部或者部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来， 该计算机软件 产品可以存储在存储介质中， 如 ROM/RAM、 磁碟、 光盘等， 包括若干指令用以使得一台计算 机设备 （可以是个人计算机， 服务器， 或者网络设备等） 执行本发明各个实施例或者实施例的 某些部分所述的方法。
以上所述， 仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式， 但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此， 任何 熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内， 可轻易想到的变化或替换， 都应涵盖 在本发明的保护范围之内。 因此， 本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种标签交换方法， 其特征在于， 该方法包括
在基于无源光网络的标签交换路径 PON-based LSP建立时， 在光线路终端 OLT与光网络单元 ONU之间建立 PON业务逻辑传输管道，根据作为 PON标签的 PON业务逻辑传输管道的标识，更 新所述 ONU上的基于无源光网络的转发信息库 PON-based FIB表， 更新在所述 OLT上的基于无源 光网络的标签转发信息库 PON-based LFIB表； 所述 PON-based LFIB表记录入端口、入标签和出端 口、 出标签之间的转发关系； 所述 PON-based FIB表记录入端口、 目的地址和出端口、 出标签之间 的转发关系；
当数据报文到达 ONU时， 所述 ONU根据其上的 PON-based FIB表进行转发， 将数据报文转换 为带有 PON标签的报文转发给所述 OLT，所述 OLT则根据接收数据报文的作为入端口的入 PON接 口和入标签査找 PON-based LFIB表进行标签交换，按标签交换后的出端口和出标签将报文传输给下 一跳节点； 或者， 当数据报文到达 OLT时， 所述 OLT根据数据报文的入端口和作为入标签的多协 议标记交换 MPLS标签査找 PON-based LFIB表进行标签交换，按标签交换后的作为出端口的出 PON 接口和作为出标签的出 PON标签将报文传输给 ONU, 所述 ONU对接收的带有 PON标签的报文根 据 PON-based FIB表进行转发。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的标签交换方法， 其特征在于， 所述 OLT与 ONU之间 PON标签的分 配通过扩展的标签分发协议 LDP或资源预留协议 RSVP协议来实现；或者通过光网络单元管理和 控制接口 OMCI协议或运行管理和维护 OAM协议来实现。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的标签交换方法， 其特征在于， 所述入标签为 PON标签或 MPLS 标签，所述出标签为 MPLS标签或 PON标签，所述 PON标签为 GPON封装方式端口标识 GEM Port
ID或逻辑链路标识 LLID, 所述 PON业务逻辑传输管道为 GEM Port或 LLID所对应的管道。
4、 一种光线路终端， 其特征在于， 所述光线路终端包括控制面处理模块和数据面处理模块， 所述控制面处理模块用于建立与光网络单元之间的无源光网络 PON业务逻辑传输管道， 分配
PON标签， 根据 PON标签生成基于无源光网络的标签转发信息库 PON-based LFIB表；
所述数据面处理模块根据接收到的数据报文的入端口、入标签査询 PON-based LFIB表得到相应 出端口和出标签， 将输入的数据报文进行标签交换， 将携带相应出标签的数据报文由相应的出端口 输出。
5、根据权利要求 4所述的光线路终端， 其特征在于， 所述控制面处理模块包括 PON-based标签 分配协议处理单元， PON配置单元，
所述 PON-based标签分配协议处理单元用于分配 PON标签，根据 PON标签生成 PON-based LFIB 表；
所述 PON配置单元用于建立和维护 PON业务逻辑传输管道。
6、根据权利要求 4所述的光线路终端，其特征在于， 所述数据面处理模块包括 PON-based LFIB 处理单元、 PON接口处理单元和网络侧接口处理单元； 其中，
PON-based LFIB处理单元用于存储和维护 PON-based LFIB表， 根据 PON-based LFIB表实现标 签交换转发；
PON接口处理单元用于实现 PON接口通信处理功能；
网络侧接口处理单元用于实现网络侧接口通信处理功能。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的光线路终端， 其特征在于， 所述数据面处理模块还包括基于无源光网 络的转发信息库 PON-based FIB处理单元， 用于存储和维护 PON-based FIB表， 根据 PON-based FIB 表实现基于标签的路由转发。
8、 根据权利要求 4所述的光线路终端， 其特征在于， 所述控制面处理模块包括 PON准入控制 单元， 路由协议处理单元， IP路由表处理单元、 PON-based LIB单元和路径计算单元：
所述 PON准入控制单元用于实现 PON接口带宽准入控制， 由所述标签分配协议触发 PON准入 控制的执行；
所述路由协议处理单元用于生成 PON-based路由表；
所述 IP路由表处理单元用于存储和维护路由表；
所述 PON-based LIB单元用于存储和维护 PON-based LIB表， PON-based LIB表用于协助生成 PON-based LFIB表或生成 PON-based FIB表和 PON-based LFIB表；
所述路径计算单元用于触发基于无源光网络的标签交换路径 PON-based LSP的建立。
9、 根据权利要求 5、 6、 7或 8所述的光线路终端， 其特征在于， 所述数据报文为 MPLS报文或 PON帧，所述入标签为 PON标签或 MPLS标签，所述出标签为 MPLS标签或 PON标签，所述 PON 标签为 GEM Port ID或 LLID， 所述 PON业务逻辑传输管道为 GEM Port或 LLID所对应的管道。
10、 根据权利要求 5所述的光线路终端， 其特征在于， 所述 PON-based标签分配协议处理单元 还用于与 PON配置单元进行交互， 实现光网络单元管理和控制接口 OMCI与标签分发协议 LDP 或资源预留协议 RSVP间的互通， 或者实现运行管理和维护 OAM协议和 LDP或 RSVP协议间的 互通。
11、 一种光网络单元， 其特征在于， 所述光线路终端包括控制面处理模块和数据面处理模块； 所述控制面处理模块用于配合光网络单元建立与光网络单元之间的无源光网络 PON业务逻辑 传输管道， 分配 PON标签， 根据 PON标签生成基于无源光网络的转发信息库 PON-based FIB表； 所述数据面处理模块根据数据报文的目的地址査询所述 PON-based FIB表得到相应的出端口和 出标签后， 根据所述出标签将所述数据报文的净荷携带在相应的 PON帧中， 由所述出端口输出进行 转发。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的光网络单元， 其特征在于， 所述控制面处理模块包括 PON-based标签 分配协议处理单元和 PON配置单元；
所述 PON-based标签分配协议处理单元用于分配 PON标签，根据 PON标签生成 PON-based FIB表； 所述 PON配置单元用于建立和维护 PON业务逻辑传输管道。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的光网络单元， 其特征在于， 所述数据面处理模块包括 PON-based FIB 处理单元、 PON接口处理单元和网络侧接口处理单元； 其中；
所述 PON-based FIB处理单元用于存储和维护 PON-based FIB表， 根据 PON-based FIB表实现基于 标签的路由转发；
所述 PON接口处理单元用于实现 PON接口通信处理功能；
所述网络侧接口处理单元用于实现网络侧接口通信处理功能。
14、 根据权利要求 11、 12或 13所述的光网络单元， 其特征在于， 所述数据报文包括异步传输模 式 ATM信元、 时分复用 TDM时隙、 以太网 ETH帧或 IP分组， 所述入标签为 PON标签或 MPLS标签， 所述出标签为 MPLS标签或 PON标签，所述 PON标签为 GPON封装方式端口标识 GEM Port ID或逻辑 链路标识 LLID， 所述 PON业务逻辑传输管道为 GEM Port或 LLID所对应的管道。
15、 根据权利要求 12所述的光网络单元， 其特征在于， 所述控制面处理模块还包括路由协议处 理单元， IP路由表处理单元、 PON-based LIB单元和路径计算单元：
所述路由协议处理单元用于生成 PON-based路由表；
所述 IP路由表处理单元用于存储和维护所述 PON-based路由表；
所述 PON-based LIB单元用于存储和维护 PON-based LIB表， PON-based LIB表用于协助生成 PON-based FIB表；
所述路径计算单元用于触发基于无源光网络的标签交换路径 PON-based LSP的建立。
16、 一种标签交换系统， 其特征在于， 所述系统包括光线路终端 OLT和光网络单元 ONU, 其中所述 OLT建立与光网络单元之间的无源光网络 PON业务逻辑传输管道， 分配 PON标签， 根据 PON标签生成基于无源光网络的标签转发信息库 PON-based LFIB表； 根据接收到的数据报文 的入端口、入标签査询 PON-based LFIB表得到相应出端口和出标签， 将输入的数据报文进行标签交 换， 将携带相应出标签的数据报文由相应的出端口输出；
所述 ONU建立与光网络单元之间的 PON业务逻辑传输管道， 分配 PON标签， 根据 PON标签 生成基于无源光网络的转发信息库 PON-based FIB表;根据数据报文的目的地址査询所述 PON-based FIB表得到相应的出端口和出标签后， 根据所述出标签将所述数据报文携带在相应的 PON帧中， 由 相应的出端口输出进行转发。
17、 根据权利要求 16的标签交换系统， 其特征在于， 所述 PON业务逻辑传输管道直接承载伪线 PW, 或者通过以太网承载 PW。
18、 根据权利要求 16所述的光网络单元， 其特征在于， 所述入标签为 PON标签或 MPLS标签， 所 述出标签为 MPLS标签或 PON标签， 所述 PON标签为 GPON封装方式端口标识 GEM Port ID或逻辑链 路标识 LLID， 所述 PON业务逻辑传输管道为 GEM Port或 LLID所对应的管道。
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