WO2010041000A1 - Procédés et appareil pour améliorer des régimes de condition physique - Google Patents

Procédés et appareil pour améliorer des régimes de condition physique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010041000A1
WO2010041000A1 PCT/GB2009/002386 GB2009002386W WO2010041000A1 WO 2010041000 A1 WO2010041000 A1 WO 2010041000A1 GB 2009002386 W GB2009002386 W GB 2009002386W WO 2010041000 A1 WO2010041000 A1 WO 2010041000A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
activity
individual
points
components
weight bearing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2009/002386
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English (en)
Inventor
Steven Barrett
Original Assignee
Feel Fit Limited
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Feel Fit Limited filed Critical Feel Fit Limited
Publication of WO2010041000A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010041000A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
    • A63B24/0062—Monitoring athletic performances, e.g. for determining the work of a user on an exercise apparatus, the completed jogging or cycling distance
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H20/00—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance
    • G16H20/30—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to physical therapies or activities, e.g. physiotherapy, acupressure or exercising
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
    • A63B24/0062—Monitoring athletic performances, e.g. for determining the work of a user on an exercise apparatus, the completed jogging or cycling distance
    • A63B2024/0065—Evaluating the fitness, e.g. fitness level or fitness index
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
    • A63B24/0062—Monitoring athletic performances, e.g. for determining the work of a user on an exercise apparatus, the completed jogging or cycling distance
    • A63B2024/0068—Comparison to target or threshold, previous performance or not real time comparison to other individuals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
    • A63B24/0062—Monitoring athletic performances, e.g. for determining the work of a user on an exercise apparatus, the completed jogging or cycling distance
    • A63B2024/0071—Distinction between different activities, movements, or kind of sports performed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2214/00—Training methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2230/00—Measuring physiological parameters of the user
    • A63B2230/75—Measuring physiological parameters of the user calorie expenditure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
    • A63B24/0075—Means for generating exercise programs or schemes, e.g. computerized virtual trainer, e.g. using expert databases

Definitions

  • This invention relates to fitness regimes and to methods for determining the relative benefit of any one particular form of activity compared to any other to allow a person to assess their overall levels of physical activity and, if required, to optimise and improve their exercise regime.
  • each and every type of activity can be defined by one or more physical components or aspects selected from the group comprising weight bearing, non-weight bearing, stationary, neutral, nonimpact, full impact, propulsion, external load and sleep.
  • weight bearing For example an activity having a weight bearing component requires that the body support its own weight during the activity. An example of a weight bearing exercise is walking.
  • an activity having a full impact component requires that one or more parts of the body hit or impact against an external surface with some force during the activity. Examples of full impact activities include jogging, aerobics and boxing.
  • an activity having an external load component requires that the body pull or push against additional weight during the activity. Examples of activities involving an external load include weight lifting and carrying shopping or a child.
  • An activity having a neutral component is characterised by the absence of any form of forward or lateral propulsion.
  • An example of a neutral activity is walking on the spot, squatting or yoga exercises requiring the individual to adopt a wide stance and support their body weight through their feet.
  • An activity having a stationary component is characterised by the absence of propulsion and typically requires that the weight of the body be supported by the floor. Examples of stationary activities include Yoga poses and stretches where the weight of the body is supported by the floor.
  • An activity having a non-weight bearing component of activity is characterised by the requirement that there is no need for the body to support its own weight. Examples of non-weight bearing activities include yoga poses and dynamic stretches where the weight of the individual is supported by the floor. By the term sleep it is to be understood that the individual is in a resting position and their body weight is fully supported at all times.
  • each and every form of activity can be classified into one of eight category types depending upon the combination of physical components inherent to that form of activity. Since each activity component is associated with the expenditure of differing amounts of physical energy, each category type can therefore be assigned a category identifier, which reflects the amount of energy expenditure associated with activities in each category. In other words, the categories are graded depending upon the particular combination of physical components defining each category the sum of the energy expenditure associated with each category being indicative of the category grading. Suitable numbers or letters can be used to grade each category. Preferably each category type is assigned a category identifier selected from one of letters B to I, the order of the category identifiers reflecting the increasing amount of energy expenditure associated with each category.
  • the category identifiers together with the physical components (weight bearing, non-weight bearing, full impact etc) defining each category identifier is set out in Table 1 below:
  • the inventors From an analysis of the various activity components, the inventors have determined that the non-weight bearing and stationary aspects of exercise are associated (qualitatively) with relatively little energy expenditure. Further it has been determined that each of the weight bearing., non-impact and neutral aspects of activity require the expenditure of a qualitatively greater amount of energy than the non-weight bearing and stationary aspect of exercise.
  • the external load aspect of exercise requires the expenditure of a still greater amount of physical energy.
  • the propulsion aspect of activity requires the expenditure of a still greater amount of energy compared to the external load aspect and the "full impact" aspect of exercise requires the expenditure of still more energy.
  • each activity category can be used to assist in the formulation of an activity regime which addresses physical requirements above and beyond the expenditure of energy.
  • activities including weight bearing and non-impact components are particularly suitable for individuals needing to improve their posture.
  • Further activities including a full-impact component have the benefit of increasing and maintaining bone density and strengthening connective tissues whereas activities that include an external load aspect have the benefit of building muscle volume and increasing metabolic rate.
  • the activity categories B to I therefore provide information on different types of activity as well as the amount of energy expenditure associated therewith. Further the inventors have determined the effects that each of the exercises falling within the activity categories have on the strength, flexibility and cardiovascular function of an individual.
  • Each category is also assigned a points value, which provides a qualitative reflection of the relative level of energy expenditure associated with an activity falling within that category compared to an activity falling within any other category.
  • an activity such as Yoga which falls within activity category B is assigned a Points per minute value of 0.0333
  • an activity such as rugby which falls within activity category I is assigned a points per minute value of 0.15. It will therefore be seen that an individual who undertakes yoga for an hour will accrue 2 points and an individual who plays rugby for an hour will accrue 9 points.
  • this novel classification of activities by the present inventor facilitates an assessment of the relative benefits of a number of different activities (in terms of their relative energy expenditure), as well as their impact on posture, muscle recruitment, bone density, tissue connectivity, muscle volume and metabolism merely by looking at the points value and activity components associated with that category.
  • This unique classification system facilitates the formulation of activity regimes which address the needs of the individual (in terms of posture, bone density etc) and which involve a sufficient amount of physical energy to help the individual to achieve their optimal activity level.
  • any particular activity be it walking, running, cycling, cleaning or gardening it is possible to assess whether an individual's current activity levels are sufficient to reach a pre-set individual activity (points) target and to determine what additional activities could be most easily included into their weekly schedule to give them the most benefit to their overall fitness and well-being.
  • the unique classification system of the present invention and the associated points value assigned to each activity thereby facilitates the formulation of a unique activity regime, the formulation of which takes into consideration not only the relative physical benefits of any one particular activity, but also the overall activity levels of an individual for whom the activity regime is being formulated. In other words the classification and points system assists in the planning and implementation of a personalised improved fitness regime.
  • a first aspect of the invention therefore provides a method of determining the energy expenditure associated with any one particular type of physical activity, the method comprising determining the activity components inherent to that activity, determining an activity category into which the activity falls, determining the relative amount of energy expenditure associated with that activity and assigning a points value thereto, whereby the "points" value associated with activities in that category is indicative of the level of energy expenditure associated with activities within that category characterised in that the activity categories consist of the following combination of activity components: (a) non-weight bearing and stationary components;
  • activity components include non-weight bearing, weight bearing, stationary, nonimpact, neutral, external load, full impact and propulsion components of activity;
  • a determination of the points value associated with any one type of physical activity thus provides an indication of the amount of energy exertion inherent to that activity.
  • the activity levels of an individual can therefore be monitored merely by adding up the points associated with each activity they undertake.
  • the inventors have established that in general an individual needs to expend a minimum amount of energy over a regular period of time in order to maintain a basic level of health and fitness. It will be appreciated that the amount of energy an individual needs to expend to maintain a minimum level of fitness will differ from person to person and will depend on amongst other things, the age, weight, body mass index, body type, exercise experience and exercise competence of the individual. This level of energy expenditure can be expressed as a points value and an individual must therefore accumulate a minimum number of points over a regular period (typically one week) in order to maintain basic levels of health and fitness.
  • the ability to determine the typical energy expenditure associated with any one type of physical activity facilitates an assessment as to whether the individual's current levels of activity are sufficient to meet their individual points target and if it appears that the individual's activity levels are insufficient to reach their individual points target the system can be used to help an individual choose an activity that will best help them to achieve their personal target thereby improving their fitness and well-being.
  • the category into which an individual activity falls depends on the combination of activity components that are inherent to that activity.
  • the present inventors have determined that there are eight possible combinations of activity components and that each and every form of activity can be defined by one of the eight combinations of activity components. These eight combinations of activity components define the eight activity categories. It will be appreciated therefore that this novel classification system developed by the present inventor covers and categorizes all forms of activity.
  • activity categories including components such as the weight bearing, impact, external load and propulsion components which involve the expenditure of more energy than the neutral, non-weight bearing and non- propulsion components of activity will have a higher points value.
  • the points value assigned to any of the eight activity categories therefore depends upon the particular combination of activity components defining that category. An individual can therefore assess the relative benefit of any one particular activity merely by determining the points value associated with that activity. For example, Yoga is a non-weight bearing, stationary activity involving the expenditure of a small amount of energy and is assigned a points per hour value of 2. Squat thrusts have a weight bearing non-impact activity which does not involve propulsion and have a points per hour value of 3.
  • a dumb bell or bar bell lift includes weight bearing, non-impact and external load components and is assigned a points value of 4 points per hour.
  • Walking is characterised by components such as propulsion, weight bearing and non-impact and attracts a points value of 5 points an hour.
  • Activities such as pushing a pram, canoeing or pushing a golf trolley involve the use of weight-bearing, non-impact, external load and propulsion components and are assigned a points value of 6 points per hour.
  • Aerobics is characterised by weight bearing and full impact components and is associated with a points value of 7 points per hour.
  • Running or jogging includes weight-bearing, full-impact and propulsion components of activity and has a points value of 8 points per hour.
  • Activities such as rugby or basketball involve weight bearing, full impact, propulsion and external load components and have a points value of 9 points per hour.
  • a personalised circuit training program such as the Feelfit ® program described in our co-pending application can be associated with a points value of 10 points per hour.
  • a second aspect of the invention provides a method for comparing the energy expenditure associated with a first type of physical activity with that of a second type of physical activity, the method comprising determining the points value associated with the first physical activity in accordance with the first aspect of the invention; determining the points value associated with the second physical activity and comparing the points value associated with each activity. A higher points value is indicative of a greater degree of energy expenditure.
  • the information generated by the method of the second aspect of the invention can be used to determine the activities that are most suitable for an individual to include in their daily routine, bearing in mind that it may be disadvantageous for them to exceed their target points value as well as to fall short of it.
  • the ability to compare the energy expenditure of any one particular activity with that of any other therefore facilitates the formulation of an optimised activity regime.
  • a third aspect of the invention therefore provides a method for improving an activity regime for an individual, the method comprising the steps of:- (a) determining the energy expenditure for each of a range of physical activities;
  • the points value provides a qualitative assessment of the energy expenditure associated with any activity falling within that category.
  • the method of the third aspect of the invention may also include the step of determining into which of eight activity categories ((a) to (h)) an activity can be placed, characterised in that the activity categories consist of the following combinations of activity components:
  • the method of the third aspect of the invention may also include the steps of determining the current activity levels of the individual and/or assessing whether the current activity levels of the individual achieve their target points value.
  • the third aspect of the invention also includes the step of determining the time available to the individual for undertaking an activity such that when the activity is undertaken for the time available, the individual accumulates a points value that is equivalent to or contributes to their target points value.
  • An individual's target points valve will differ from one person to another.
  • an individual could be assigned a points target of between 8 and 42 points per week.
  • the actual points target is set as the result of an assessment questionnaire whereby that the points target is dependent upon, amongst other factors, the age, weight, body mass index, body type, exercise experience and exercise competence of the individual.
  • the formulated program will include exercises that are beneficial to the strength, flexibility and cardiovascular function of an individual and which accrue sufficient points which allow the individual to achieve their target points value. If the individual has a requirement to improve either their strength, flexibility and/or cardiovascular function as a result of injury or illness, for example.
  • the program will include a selection of activities which are designed to address the individual's health needs. For example an activity program for an individual recovering from a heart attack may include a greater number of activities that develop the individual's cardiovascular function.
  • the activity program for a female aged over forty may include a greater proportion of activities designed to maintain the strength and muscle mass of the individual and to prevent the increasingly significant loss of bone density that is known to occur beyond this age.
  • the suggested activities may include activities that the individual currently undertakes or activities that are related to those currently undertaken.
  • related activities it should be understood to mean activities that include the same activity components as the preferred activities or activities that are undertaken in a similar environment to the environment in which the preferred activities are undertaken.
  • an individual would be allocated a target points value as a result of an assessment, the target points value being representative of the amount of physical activity that an individual needs to undertake in order to achieve and maintain a certain level of physical fitness, bearing in mind the individual's weight, age, body mass index, body type, exercise history, exercise competence, personal preferences, health requirements and exercise enthusiasm.
  • the nature of the assessment process is discussed in more detail below.
  • one or more activities would then be selected from the pre-determined activity categories, which when undertaken for the scheduled period or periods would accrue for that individual a points value equivalent to their target points value or would contribute to it and would optionally address any specific health needs of the individual.
  • the system can suggest different combinations of activity types to the individual wherein each of the different combinations would assist the individual in meeting their weekly points target within the scheduled time.
  • the activity combinations reflect the preferences of the individual and are best suited to their individual needs.
  • an individual may spend an hour a day walking to and from work on a regular basis. According to table 3, this activity falls within activity category E and accrues 5 points per day, which means that by the end of the week, an individual has accumulated 25 points merely by walking to and from work. If the individual has been set a target value of 37 points per week this means that they need to undertake an activity or combination of activities, which together provide another 12 points in order to reach their target points value. From the pre-determined exercise categories referred to above it can be seen that an additional 12 points can be accrued either by cycling or horse-riding (activities in category H) for an hour and a half a week.
  • Points can also be accrued by undertaking activities such as gardening (category F) and housework (category C), for example.
  • activities such as gardening (category F) and housework (category C), for example.
  • the ability to compare the relative physical benefits of different types of exercise helps an individual to decide which type of activity would be most beneficial for them to conveniently include into their weekly schedule.
  • an individual can choose activities that enable him to achieve a pre-set target points value within the time available. This enables an individual to achieve an improved bespoke fitness regime.
  • the case of a 24 year old female living in a city environment is compared with that of a 24 year old male living in a semi suburban environment.
  • their target points value may be set at 30 points for a week.
  • the female achieves her target points value by walking to work and attending exercise classes such as body pump and spinning at her local health club.
  • the male achieves his target points value over the initial period by participating in activities such as five a side football, basketball and cycling. After the successful initial period each of them appears to fall short of their target points value.
  • the male may receive a suggestion as to how much cycling, basketball and/or football he needs to undertake to reach his target points value.
  • his suggested "top up" exercise or exercise combination may include alternative team activities or out of door activities that it appears he enjoys from his exercise history.
  • a fourth aspect of the invention provides a system for providing an improved fitness regime to an individual:
  • (c) means for identifying a target number of points to be scored by an individual for whom the activity regime is formulated; and (d) means for formulating a program of physical activities for which the cumulative points value achieves or exceeds the target points value for the individual.
  • the system is also provided with means for communicating the target points value to an individual.
  • the means for communicating the target points value to the individual comprises a display screen, such as an interactive display screen.
  • the system of the fourth aspect of the invention also includes means for monitoring the number of points that the individual accumulates over a set period (typically a week).
  • the means for formulating a program of physical activities for identifying a target points value to be scored by an individual includes means for assessing an individual.
  • the system may also include means for monitoring the points accrued by an individual over the activity period and means for communicating the points accrued to the individual.
  • the system may also include means for assessing the current activity levels of the individual in terms of points per activity period; means for determining the time available to the individual for activity or additional activity; and means for scheduling the individual's current and additional activities into their weekly schedule.
  • the system can include means for monitoring the ease with which the individual meets their target points value and increasing or decreasing the target points value as appropriate.
  • the system can include means for subtracting points in the event that the individual has made an unhealthy lifestyle choice at any point in the week.
  • means for providing an improved fitness regime to an individual comprising:
  • (c) means for assessing an individual to identify a target number of points to be scored by the individual over an activity period, the time available to the individual within the activity period to score the target point number and the individual's preferences;
  • (d) means for formulating a program of physical activities for which the cumulative points value achieves or exceeds the target points value for the individual, the program of physical activities comprising one or a combination of physical activities which reflect the personal preferences and optionally health needs of the individual.
  • communication means comprising means for congratulating an individual if they reach or exceed their target points value within the activity period and means for reformulating the fitness regime in the event that the individual fails to meet their target points value, and communicating the reformulated regime to the individual, the reformulation including means for determining the preferred activities of the individual from their activity history and formulating a fitness regime based on the activities or types of activities most often completed by the individual.
  • the means for determining the relative energy expenditure for each of a range of physical activities may include database means including a definition of each of the eight activity categories, each category being assigned a grade which qualitatively reflects the relative amount of energy expenditure associated with activities having the combination of activity components defined by that category compared with activities falling within any other category.
  • the relative energy expenditure for any activity may be determined by specifying the activity components inherent to that activity. The system then classifies the activity according to the combination of input components entered and assigns a grade thereto, which qualitatively reflects the relative amount of energy expenditure associated with that activity.
  • the means for determining the relative energy expenditure for each of a range of physical activities comprises a database including a list of activities, the activity category into which each activity falls together with a qualitative indication (in terms of assigned grade) of the relative amount of energy expenditure associated with that activity.
  • the determination of the relative amount of energy expenditure associated with any particular activity can readily be established by accessing the database; selecting the activity and establishing from the database the activity category into which the activity falls together with the grade which qualitatively reflects the amount of energy expenditure associated with that activity.
  • the means for assigning to each physical activity a points value indicative of the energy expenditure for that activity relative to any other physical activity may also comprise a database. From their qualitative analysis of the relative amount of energy expenditure associated with each category the present inventors have quantified these relative amounts through the formulation of a points system whereby each activity category is assigned a points value dependent on the combination of activity components defining that category. Using this system an activity falling within category B is assigned a points value of 0.0333 points per minute or 2 points per hour. An activity falling within category C is assigned a points value of 0.05 points per minute or 3 points per hour. An activity falling within category D is assigned a points value of 0.0666 points per minute or 4 points per hour.
  • An activity falling within category E is assigned a points value of 0.0833 points per minute or 5 points per hour.
  • An activity falling within category F is assigned a points value of 0.1 points per minute or 6 points per hour.
  • An activity falling within category G is assigned a points value of 0.1166 points per minute or 7 points per hour.
  • An activity falling within category H is assigned a points value of 0.1333 points per minute or 8 points per hour.
  • An activity falling within category I is assigned a points value of 0.15 points per minute or 9 points per hour.
  • the assigned points value provides a qualitative estimate of the amount of energy expenditure associated with an activity falling within one category compared to an activity in any other category. For example it will be appreciated that an activity in category F will involve the expenditure of twice the amount of energy compared to any activity within category C.
  • the means for assigning a points value to a physical activity can be determined either with reference to the activity category into which the activity falls or by extracting the points value associated with the relevant activity in the database from the database.
  • the means for identifying a target number of points to be scored by an individual for whom the activity regime is formulated includes assessment means.
  • the system will provide the individual with an assessment questionnaire, which requires the individual to provide the system with information regarding their age, gender, weight, body mass index, body type and general level of health.
  • the individual is also required to provide the system with information regarding their activity (exercise) history as well as their activity preferences and activity (exercise) competence.
  • the system identifies a target points value for the individual for whom the regime is being formulated and then formulates a program of physical activities for which the cumulative points value achieves or exceeds the target points value, the selected activities being reflective of the exercise preferences of the individual.
  • the system also schedules the individual activities for times that are established by the system as being convenient for undertaking exercise.
  • the system is preferably designed to take the health needs of the individual into consideration. If an individual has no particular health requirements the formulated program will include exercises that are beneficial to the strength, flexibility and cardiovascular function of the individual and which accrue sufficient points to allow the individual to achieve their target points value. If the individual has any specific health needs which require them to focus on improving any of their strength, flexibility and cardiovascular function (as a result of injury or illness, for example) the system will select for the individual activities which are designed to address the specific health needs of the individual (as well as achieve their target points value). For example the system will typically select activities which are known to improve cardiac function for individuals recovering from heart attacks or surgery.
  • the system will typically include a larger proportion of activities which are designed to maintain the strength and muscle mass of an individual female aged over forty to reduce the increasingly significant loss of bone density that is known to occur beyond this age.
  • the system therefore formulates activity programs which help an individual reach a minimum level of activity and which also take the individual's health needs into consideration.
  • the system provides an automated way of formulating a fitness regime for an individual.
  • the individual's account is managed by an automated content management system, which formulates the initial fitness regime for an individual optionally taking the individual's health requirements into consideration and then constantly monitors the individual's progress recording whether the individual is able to achieve their target points value on a regular basis and the activities that the individual completes on a most regular basis.
  • the system learns the trends and habits of the individual and as a result of the information accumulated builds a picture of the activities that the individual is most likely to accept in order to achieve their target points value over the activity period.
  • the system monitors the points accrued on a weekly basis, and if it appears that an individual still has more than 20% of their target points value to achieve with only two days left to go, the system automatically generates suggestions as to how the individual can accumulate their remaining points.
  • the system will send the individual a suggested reformulated activity regime which includes gym based activities identical or similar to those that the individual usually undertakes and which if completed would accumulate enough points to enable the individual to reach their weekly target. If an individual demonstrated a greater interest in out of door activities then the reformulated suggested routine would mainly include out of door activities.
  • the system may also include a link to a weather forecast for the individual's area and may reformulate their fitness regime to take into account the expected weather conditions. The accumulation of points is usually assessed over an activity period of one week. However, other time periods can be used for assessment if desired. However assessment over a weekly period is convenient and has been found to be the most effective period of assessment in helping an individual keep to their fitness regime.
  • the system is suitably embodied in a computer that either includes a preloaded program or a program that is accessible via the internet.
  • the system will typically be accessed on-line via the website of the relevant provider of the fitness regime service (hereinafter known as the service provider).
  • An individual would therefore initially access the relevant home page of the service provider and would register to use the fitness regime service. Registration may require the payment of a fee or may require that the individual consent to the payment of a regular subscription after an initial trial period.
  • the system may, therefore, optionally include the relevant security measures to allow an on-line payment or subscription to be easily made.
  • an on-line assessment questionnaire (assessment means) which requires the individual to provide information relevant to an assessment of their general level of health and fitness.
  • an individual's target points value is set as a result of an assessment of information such as their age, gender, weight, height, body mass index, body type, general health, any specific health issues, current levels of activity, attitude to exercise, exercise history, exercise competence preferred types of activity and time available to undertake activity for example.
  • the questionnaire is usually in the form of a two level questionnaire in which the individual is initially asked questions relevant to their suitability for exercise.
  • the initial stage of assessment is carried out to ascertain whether the individual is under rehabilitation and/or medical management or whether they have recently sustained any injuries or are taking any form of medication.
  • the second part of the questionnaire is used to assess the attitude of the individual to exercise.
  • This second part of the assessment process includes a series of questions in which the individual grades themselves on their attitude to their body, mind, time they are able to devote to exercise, previous exercise experience, their emotional well-being and their perceived potential.
  • the individual's response is preferably graded, for example being on a scale of 1 to 5, where 1 represents a poor or negative attitude and 5 represents a good or positive attitude.
  • Other grading systems known to a person skilled in the art eg A to E may also be used.
  • the system identifies a target points value for the individual and optionally displays this on the screen (thereby communicating a target points value to an individual).
  • the target points value has been communicated to the individual he or she is provided access to another screen, which screen includes an interactive calendar display to help them to assess how many points they would typically accumulate from undertaking one or a combination of their usual activities on a regular basis. Using this information the preferred additional activities of the user can be scheduled into the calendar at a time that is convenient to them.
  • the interactive calendar screen may therefore provide means for determining the time available to the individual for activity. Together with the means for indicating energy expenditure it also provides means for the current activity levels of the individual to be assessed.
  • a user Once a user has completed an activity, this can be ticked off on their calendar screen thereby indicating that they have completed the activity in question.
  • the system will then register the points that they have accumulated from completing that activity and will optionally display the points accumulated on the screen. Alternatively or in addition, the system can recalculate the remaining number of points that the individual needs to accumulate in order to achieve their target points value after the completion of each activity. In this way the individual's progress towards their target points value can be monitored.
  • the system also includes a data base of activities including the points value associated with each and optionally the effect that each exercise has on the strength, flexibility and cardiovascular function of an individual.
  • the database therefore provides means for qualitatively indicating the energy expenditure associated with any particular activity.
  • the system is able to calculate and display the number of points that an individual could accrue through undertaking a selected activity for a chosen period of time and the relative benefits that the exercise has on the individual in relation to their strength, flexibility and cardiovascular function. If the activity and the chosen duration accords with the individual's requirements, this event can be optionally scheduled into their calendar.
  • the database and the scheduling facility it is possible to both determine the number of points that can be accumulated from undertaking each individual activity and to also enter each activity into their schedule.
  • the completion of this activity can be registered and the system then calculates and displays the number of points that the individual has accumulated as a result.
  • the system calculates the points accumulated from the most recently completed activity and adds these points to the points already accumulated from completion of the previous activities. In this way the system is able to provide a display of the running points total that an individual has accumulated over the target period.
  • the database includes a list of each activity together with the activity category into which each falls, the points value associated with each activity (in terms of points per minute and points per hour) and optionally, the effect that each exercise has on the strength, flexibility and/or cardiovascular function of an individual.
  • the points value and assigned category identifier for each listed activity is determined from an analysis of the activity components inherent to that activity. It is apparent, therefore, that the database represents the embodiment of the analyses undertaken by the present inventor of the activity components inherent to each exercise listed together with a qualitative determination of the levels of energy expenditure associated with each and optionally the relative health benefits of each exercise.
  • the database therefore provides the means whereby the energy expenditure associated with any form of activity can be determined.
  • a personal electronic device for replacing or augmenting the system of the fourth aspect of the invention.
  • the device can be in the form of a hand held calculator, for example and includes in a preferred embodiment means for indicating the energy expenditure associated with any particular activity.
  • the indicating means comprises a database of the type discussed above, which is electronically stored and can be used by the calculator to determine the accruable points associated with a selected activity type when undertaken for a set period of time.
  • the calculator preferably comprises one or more of input means to allow an individual to select an activity type and the duration for which the activity is to be undertaken, means for indicating the energy expenditure associated with (points accumulated from) the chosen activity, means for calculating the points accrued from the activity event and display means for indicating to an individual the qualitative amount of energy expended (number of points accrued) as a result of the activity event.
  • the calculator may optionally also include scheduling means to allow an individual to schedule a particular exercise event into their diary.
  • the scheduling means includes means for registering the completion of an exercise event.
  • the calculator may optionally be provided with means, which allows an individual to download the scheduling information and/or their event completion data to a memory stick.
  • the calculator may be provided with a wireless transmitter and/or receiver to facilitate the transmission and download of information to and from the individual's own page of the service provider's website. This allows the individual to update their individual details remotely on a regular basis. Provision may also be made to allow an individual to download their individual details from their "web page" to their calculator to allow an individual to monitor their progress over the activity period.
  • a fifth aspect of the invention provides a computer program loaded on a data carrier for providing an improved fitness regime to an individual comprising :
  • (c) means for identifying a target number of points to be scored by an individual for whom the activity regime is formulated
  • (d) means for formulating a program of physical activities for which the cumulative points value achieves or exceeds the target points value for the individual.
  • the program of the fifth aspect of the invention may also include means for determining into which of eight activity categories ((a) to (h)) the activity can be placed characterised in that the activity categories are defined by the following combination of activity components:
  • the program is also provided with means for communicating the target points value to an individual.
  • the means for communicating the target points value to the individual comprises a display screen, such as an interactive display screen.
  • the program of the fifth aspect of the invention also includes means for monitoring the number of points that the individual accumulates over a period (typically a week).
  • means for providing an improved fitness regime to an individual comprising:
  • (c) means for assessing an individual to identify a target number of points to be scored by the individual over an activity period, the time available to the individual within the activity period to score the target point number and the individual's preference;
  • (d) means for formulating a program of physical activities for which the cumulative points value achieves or exceeds the target points value for the individual, the program of physical activities comprising one or a combination of physical activities which reflect the personal preferences and optionally health needs of the individual;
  • communication means comprising means for congratulating an individual if they reach or exceed their target points value within the activity period and means for reformulating the fitness regime in the event that the individual fails to meet their target points value, and communicating the reformulated regime to the individual, the reformulation including means for determining the preferred activities of the individual from their activity history and formulating a fitness regime based on the activities or types of activities most often completed. by the individual.
  • the computer program includes input means whereby an individual can select a particular activity, means for accessing a database and means for selecting the data associated with each activity, means for calculating the points accrued from each activity event and means for displaying the points accrued.
  • the program database means which includes categorising information and/or points value associated with each activity and optionally information indicating the effect that each exercise has on the strength, flexibility and cardiovascular function of an individual.
  • the computer program is also provided with scheduling means to allow an individual to schedule each and every activity they undertake.
  • the computer program may also be provided with means for monitoring the completion of each scheduled event, displaying the points accrued from each event and displaying the total points accrued over a pre-set period.
  • the computer program is preferably loaded onto the computer or hand held calculator it may also be loaded onto another portable electronic device such as a Blackberry ® type device or a mobile phone. It will be appreciated that irrespective of whether the computer program is loaded onto a computer, calculator, Blackberry ® or mobile phone its embodiment in each of these devices provides a readily accessible route whereby an individual can obtain information regarding the relative physical benefits of any particular form of activity to them.
  • the information obtainable via the medium of the computer program according to the fifth aspect of the invention allows an individual to make informed choices in choosing activities that most benefit their overall health and well-being. It will be appreciated that an individual will be able to make a quick and easy decision on which activities to undertake merely by assessing the accruable points value from a chosen activity event.
  • a sixth aspect of the invention provides a computer program for providing an improved fitness regime to an individual, the program comprising: (a) means for determining the energy expenditure for each of a range of physical activities;
  • (c) means for identifying a target number of points to be scored by an individual for whom the activity regime is formulated
  • (d) means for formulating a program of physical activities for which the cumulative points value achieves or exceeds the target points value for the individual.
  • the program of the sixth aspect of the invention may also include means for determining into which of eight activity categories ((a) to (h)) the activity can be placed characterised in that categories are defined by a combination of activity components:
  • the program is also provided with means for communicating the target points value to an individual.
  • the means for communicating the target points value to the individual comprises a display screen, such as an interactive display screen.
  • the program of the sixth aspect of the invention also includes means for monitoring the number of points that the individual accumulates over a period (typically a week).
  • means for providing an improved fitness regime to an individual comprising:
  • (c) means for assessing an individual to identify a target number of points to be scored by the individual over an activity period, the time available to the individual within the activity period to score the target point number and the individual's preference;
  • (d) means for formulating a program of physical activities for which the cumulative points value achieves or exceeds the target points value for the individual, the program of physical activities comprising one or a combination of physical activities which reflect the personal preferences and optionally the health needs of the individual;
  • communication means comprising means for congratulating an individual if they reach or exceed their target points value within the activity period and means for reformulating the fitness regime in the event that the individual fails to meet their target points value, and communicating the reformulated regime to the individual, the reformulation including means for determining the preferred activities of the individual from their activity history and formulating a fitness regime based on the activities or types of activities most often completed by the individual.
  • the computer program includes input means whereby an individual can select a particular activity, means for accessing a database and means for selecting the data associated with each activity, means for calculating the points accrued from each activity event and means for displaying the points accrued.
  • the program database means which includes categorising information and/or points value associated with each activity and optionally information indicating the effects that each exercise has on the strength, flexibility and cardiovascular function of an individual.
  • the computer program is also provided with scheduling means to allow an individual to schedule each and every activity they undertake.
  • the computer program may also be provided with means for monitoring the completion of each scheduled event, displaying the points accrued from each event and displaying the total points accrued over a pre-set period.
  • each and every type of activity can be defined by one of eight exercise category types and that each category is associated with the expenditure of different amounts of physical energy depending upon the activity components inherent to that exercise category.
  • Each exercise category is then assigned a points value reflective of its associated energy expenditure, the level of the points value being reflective of the amount of energy expenditure.
  • this information can be easily accessed by a user, be it via a computer program or by the individual, the information indicating the points value (and therefore amount of energy expenditure) associated with each activity type has been formed into a database that can be accessed by the user.
  • a seventh aspect of the invention therefore provides a database, the database comprising information categorising each activity into one of eight activity categories and information indicating the points value (and level of energy expenditure) associated with each activity category and therefore each activity type.
  • a user or individual can therefore use the information embodied in the database to assess the relative benefits of any one physical activity compared to any other and to make informed decisions regarding their choice of exercise thereby to improve their fitness and well-being and to help them formulate an improved exercise regime.
  • the database also includes information indicating the effect that each exercise has on the strength, flexibility and cardiovascular function of an individual.
  • the information provided by the database can be used by the system to formulate an activity program which helps an individual to achieve a minimum level activity, wherein the selection of activities is dependent on the specific health requirements of the individual.
  • the system is accessed on line via the internet.
  • the user initially accesses the home page of the service provider.
  • the home page provides the user with a number of options.
  • the user is necessary to register their details. This is achieved by selecting the appropriate option provided on the home page and entering their personal details.
  • the system requires information regarding the individual's name, address, age and gender.
  • a system providing a fitness regime according to the fourth aspect of the invention is usually chargeable and the registration process will generally require that the user provide the system with details, which authorise the service provider to debit a regular subscription from the user, be it via a bank direct debit or via the users credit card facilities.
  • the user is preferably given a free trial period upon registration to allow them to assess the benefits of the system. Once the initial trial period is completed payment will be extracted from the user.
  • the assessment comprises a two-part on-line questionnaire in which the individual is initially required to provide information in response to questions regarding their age, gender, weight, general level of health and fitness. In this way the system is able to determine the suitability of the individual for exercise.
  • the initial stage of assessment is undertaken to establish whether the individual is under any form of rehabilitation in relation to a medical condition, whether the individual has recently sustained any injuries or whether they are taking any medication for a chronic condition. If the system considers that there are no risks for individuals in taking exercise, the individual user is then allowed access to the second part of the questionnaire.
  • the system informs the individual that they must either wait until an injury has repaired, for example, or seek a doctor's advice regarding their suitability for exercise.
  • the system may, for example, require a doctor's letter confirming the suitability of the individual for exercise before they are allowed to continue.
  • the second part of the assessment questionnaire comprises a series of questions in which the individual grades him or herself on aspects of their mental attitude.
  • the individual is asked to grade his or herself on, amongst other things, their attitude to their body, their attitude to their mind, the time they are able to devote to exercise, previous exercise experience, their emotional well-being and their perceived potential.
  • the individual's response is preferably graded on a scale of 1 to 5, where 1 represents a poor or negative attitude and 5 represents a good or positive attitude.
  • the system calculates a target points value for that individual and displays this on the screen.
  • the target points value represents the minimum amount of energy that the individual must expend on a weekly basis in order to maintain a minimum level of fitness.
  • the individual can use the system to help them to decide what activities they must undertake on a weekly basis in order to reach their target.
  • the individual is provided access to a further screen including an interactive calendar display.
  • the screen preferably includes further tabs to allow an individual to assess the number of points associated with any particular activity and to optionally schedule the activity for a particular day.
  • the tabs provide the user to select the type of activity they wish to undertake selected from a healthy, an unhealthy or a dedicated exercise program devised by the system.
  • the healthy events are further classified as household, lifestyle, at work, exercise or sport.
  • the unhealthy events are further classified as excessive eating, binge drinking and eating after 10pm.
  • an individual will select one of the categories classified as a healthy event. They are then provided with a further option to allow them to select a particular activity falling with the chosen category. For example, an individual who has spent the morning walking to and from their local shopping centre may select the "walking" activity from either the exercise or lifestyle categories.
  • the screen then requires the user to input the length of time for which the activity is to be undertaken. Once the duration of the activity has been specified the user can then request the system to calculate the number of points that they would accumulate from undertaking that activity.
  • the screen also includes a tab to allow the user to schedule the date on which they intend to undertake their chosen activity (or on which the activity was undertaken in the event that the user is completing their schedule retrospectively).
  • the interactive calendar (or planner) screen also includes information highlighting the target points value for the individual together with a running total of the points accrued by the individual as they complete their scheduled activities.
  • the pending activities are both scheduled in the calendar and held in a list until they are completed. Once completed they are removed from the pending . list and a record of the completed activity remains in th e calendar. If the activity is not completed for some reason, the user "crosses" the activity to indicate that it was not completed and the activity is removed both from the pending list and the calendar.
  • the planner screen can therefore be used by an individual to assess the typical number of points that they would typically accrue over the period of a week.
  • the planner screen also allows an individual to determine the number of points that could be accrued by undertaking any one or a combination of activities listed by the system. In this way the user can use the system to help them to choose activities, which when undertaken for an available period of time allows the individual to achieve their target points value.
  • the following example describes the way that an individual can use the system and methods of the present invention in order to monitor their individual levels of activity and make informed decisions regarding their choice of physical activity.
  • the following examples monitor the activity levels of individuals on a weekly basis. It will, of course, be appreciated that activity levels (points monitoring) can be assessed over different time periods, such as over the period of four or five days or over a month. In any event an individual will suitably schedule each activity into their personal calendar either before or after the event, tick the event off once completed and monitor the points accrued as a result of their activities.
  • An individual having been assigned a target points value accesses the system and selects at (1) an activity event type.
  • the activity event can be a healthy event (2) such as jogging, an unhealthy event (3) such as binge drinking or a personalised circuit training program (4) such as described in our co-pending patent application.
  • a healthy event such as jogging
  • an unhealthy event such as binge drinking
  • a personalised circuit training program such as described in our co-pending patent application.
  • the system calculates the total number of points that the individual would accrue as a result of this activity and displays them on a screen (7). If the individual considers that the points accrued contributes adequately to their points target he or she can then store and schedule the selected event for a particular date (8).
  • Figure 2 illustrates how the points system of the present invention can be used in conjunction with the formulation of a circuit training regime such as the one described in the inventors co-pending application.
  • Figure 2 illustrates the steps employed by the system in formulating an exercise routine for an individual.
  • the user Upon accessing the system at (1) the user is required to enter personal information to include their height (2), their weight (3), and their body type or image (4).
  • Information regarding their body type is determined by requiring the individual to select a body image, which they consider most closely corresponds to their own form a series of images provided by the system.
  • the system calculates the body mass index (5).
  • the user can optionally (and in addition) upload a photograph of themselves to the system (6).
  • the system registers the provision of the relevant information and the time and date that the information has been provided (7).
  • the system then provides the user with a series of lifestyle questions (9) to generate a lifestyle profile (8), which require the user to grade themselves on a level of 1 to 5 aspects such as their attitude to exercise, their own body image, etc, where 1 represents a low score and 5 represents a high score (10).
  • the system In response to the users answers to the lifestyle questions, the system generates a series of trigger responses (11) which are stored by the system (12).
  • the system calculates a weekly activity points target for an individual (13) whereby the target points value provides a qualitative indication of the minimum amount of energy expenditure that an individual needs to undertake on a regular basis in order to maintain a basic level of fitness.
  • the target points value is typically set at a value of between 8 and 42 points and is dependent in large part on the trigger responses generated by the system in response to the lifestyle questions.
  • the systems calculates a basic value "X” (14) from the trigger responses provided by the system. This value "X” is manipulated to generate a basic points value "Y” (15) which reflects the minimum amount of energy expenditure that the system calculates for the individual based on their responses to the lifestyle questions.
  • the basic points value may then be further adjusted (16) to take into account the body type of the individual. If the individual profiles as being a large individual having a large amount of muscle, the target points value will be increased by a value of 2. If the individual profiles as being a relatively normal sized individual having a slightly average amount of muscle the target points value will be increased by 1. For normal sized individuals having an average amount of muscle (muscle density) and for slight individuals having an above average muscle density there will be no change to the target points value. The target points value will typically be reduced by 1 for slight individuals having a normal or below average muscle density and by 2 for large individuals having a low muscle density and a relatively higher proportion of fat (17).
  • the final target points value is stored by the system and can be used as the basis for formulating an activity regime for an individual as described in our co-pending application whereby the energy expenditure associated with any one type of activity is qualitatively formulated in terms of a points value and an exercise regime is formulated for the individual which includes activities or combinations of activities, which when completed meet or contribute to the target points value allocated to the individual.
  • the system then goes on to generate an exercise routine for an individual using as parameter sets the information provided by the user for calculating the target points value; the personal needs and requirements of the individual and the nature of the equipment (if any) available to the individual.
  • the user is therefore required to specify any equipment that is available to them for exercise (18).
  • This information is stored by the system (19).
  • the user is then required to specify any muscle groups that they wish to exercise (20) and any muscle groups that should be avoided (21) being exercised (due to injury, for example).
  • These requirements are then stored by the system (22).
  • Th e system then proceeds to formulate an exercise routine using the stored information together with the target points value allocated to the individual.
  • the system then formulates an exercise routine (25) which includes at least two sets of exercises that require the muscles of the middle body (26) at least two sets of exercises which require the muscles of the lower body (27) and more than two sets of exercises which require the muscles of the upper body (28) the remaining exercise sets are selected from exercises which require muscles of either the upper, middle or lower body (29) and which avoid the hamstring muscles.
  • the exercises for the exercise program have been selected, the exercises are reordered (30) to provide a series of exercises, which when carried out in order work the muscles of the upper, middle and lower body sequentially and which avoid repetitive use of the same muscles in succession (31).
  • the system then calculates the number of times that each exercise must be repeated using the individual's allocated points value (32).
  • a target points value of 29 points will be required to complete ten repetitions of each exercise in the exercise routine (33).
  • the individual completes the exercise routine twice this will accrue a points value of 5 points. If three routines are completed this will accrue 10 points.
  • the formulated program is then stored by the system (34) and can be accessed by the user as appropriate. The user can register their completion of the exercise routine with the system, which will automatically calculate the energy expended by the individual (in terms of points) as a result of completing the exercise routine.
  • the accumulated points value is then offset against the weekly target points value allocated to the individual.
  • the exercise routine is typically updated on a regular basis to provide the user with different sets of exercises, which address the needs of the user and which progress the user as their exercise experience and competence increases.
  • the system reviews the exercise routine to determine if an exercise has been present in the exercise routine for more than six weeks, and if so the system replaces that exercise with alternative exercises which requires the use of the same or substantially similar muscle groups.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Primary Health Care (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Medical Treatment And Welfare Office Work (AREA)

Abstract

L’invention concerne un système et un procédé pour améliorer la condition physique d’un individu. Le système et le procédé sont basés sur l’attribution à un individu d’une valeur de points hebdomadaires, par exemple la valeur de points reflétant la quantité d’activité nécessaire à un individu pour maintenir un certain niveau de forme physique. Une valeur de points ayant été attribuée à un individu, ce dernier peut choisir des activités dans une liste d’activités auxquelles des valeurs de points ont été préalablement attribuées, de sorte qu'en exécutant ces activités l’individu accumule des points qui contribuent à la valeur de points cible préalablement attribuée.
PCT/GB2009/002386 2008-10-07 2009-10-07 Procédés et appareil pour améliorer des régimes de condition physique WO2010041000A1 (fr)

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GB0818330.3 2008-10-07
GB0818330A GB2464276A (en) 2008-10-07 2008-10-07 A method associating energy expenditure with a particular type of physical activity

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EP1378850A1 (fr) * 2002-07-03 2004-01-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et système pour planification d'un programme d'entraínement dans le contexte de thérapie
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GB0818330D0 (en) 2008-11-12

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