WO2010034884A1

WO2010034884A1 - Bucket

Info

Publication number: WO2010034884A1
Application number: PCT/FI2009/050745
Authority: WO
Inventors: Viljo RYHÄNEN
Original assignee: Tecwill Granulators Oy
Priority date: 2008-09-29
Filing date: 2009-09-17
Publication date: 2010-04-01
Also published as: FI20080543L; FI20080543A0

Abstract

This invention relates to a bucket for use in transferring and heating aggregates, in which bucket there is one or more bodies (1). It is characteristic of the invention that in the body (1) there is one or more heating elements (6d), and that from the heating element (6d) comes to the body (1) a heater (6e), which heater (6e) is a flame.

Description

BUCKET

This invention relates to a bucket according to the preamble of claim 1.

When manufacturing concrete, aggregate cannot be frozen even partially, because frozen aggregate will not mix in the cement. At concrete batch plants, frozen aggregate stays in aggregate silos or equivalent storages. So-called undercooled aggregate also sticks easily on the walls of the storage.

Recently, aggregates are transferred by a loader which has an ordinary open bucket.

The problem of recent buckets is that partially icy or undercooled aggregate transfers as such to the aggregate storage. The aggregate in the storage has to be thawed out with various heating methods. Heating is very awkward and slow, due to which the manufacturing of concrete is interrupted for the duration of thawing.

The object of this invention is to provide a bucket in which aggregate can be heated and thus thawed.

The above disadvantages can be eliminated and the above objects achieved with a bucket according to the invention which is characterised by what is stated in the characterising section of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

The most important advantage of the invention is that the bucket is heatable/ whereby aggregate taken in the bucket heats up, due to which the quality of aggregate put in aggregate storage is similar to the one of aggregate taken in warm weather. The heated aggregate will not be balled up or trickle in the storage. By means of the invented bucket, it is possible to manufacture concrete of good quality even in cold conditions without interruptions. The structure of the invented bucket is simple, whereby its use is easy and it requires little maintenance. The aggregate in the invented bucket is heated with hot steam, whereby the steam quickly transfers the heat into the aggregate in the bucket, whereby steam heating is extremely effective. The steam is produced by oil or gas. According to a second embodiment of the invention, the aggregate in the bucket is heated directly by a flame which is produced by gas or oil. According to a third embodiment, the aggregate in the bucket is heated indirectly by a flame, whereby the flame burns in heating channels or an equivalent intermediate space in the bucket, and the flame is produced by gas or oil. According to a fourth embodiment, the aggregate in the bucket is heated by liquid which flows in a piping located in the bucket, the liquid is heated by gas or oil. It is obvious that, when using the invented bucket, great cost savings are achieved in manufacturing concrete in cold conditions.

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying figures.

Fig. 1 shows a perpendicular side view of a bucket according to the invention in which aggregate is heated directly by a flame.

Fig. 2 shows a perpendicular side view of the bucket according to Fig. 1 when opened.

Fig. 3 shows a perpendicular top view of the bucket according to Figs. 1 and 2.

Fig. 4 shows a perpendicular front view of the bucket according to Figs. I₅ 2 and 3 when opened.

Fig. 5 shows a perpendicular front view of the bucket according to Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 when closed.

Fig. 6 shows a perpendicular front view of the bucket according to Fig. 5 when rotated in an inclined position.

Fig. 7 shows a perpendicular side view of a second bucket according to the invention in which aggregate is heated indirectly by a flame.

Fig. 8 shows a perpendicular top view of the bucket according to Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 shows a perpendicular side view of a third bucket according to the invention in which aggregate is heated by liquid.

Fig. 10 shows a perpendicular top view of the bucket according to Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 shows a perpendicular side view of a fourth bucket according to the invention in which aggregate is heated by steam, the bucket being located in a work machine.

Fig. 12 shows a perpendicular side view of a fifth bucket according to the invention in which aggregate is heated by steam, a steam generator being located in a work machine. The parts and locations of the invented bucket shown in the figures are designated as follows. A body 1, in which there are a bottom Ia, a side Ib, a front part Ic, a back part Id, an intermediate part Ie, and an intermediate space If. The body 1 with its parts is most advantageously of metal known from manufacturing buckets. An auxiliary body 2, in which there are a top part 2a, a side 2b, a front part 2c, and a back part 2d. Also the auxiliary body 2 can be manufactured of known metal. A joint 3, in which there are a body joint 3a, an auxiliary body joint 3b and a joint pin 3c. The structure of the joint 3 is of known mechanical engineering technique. A closing and opening element 4, in which there are a closer and opener 4a, a body fastening element 4b and an auxiliary body fastening element 4c. The closing and opening element 4 is of known mechanical engineering technique.

In the figures, a heat supply space 5 is a space in the intermediate part Ie insulated to the back part Id of the body I₉ the intermediate part Ie is a fixed metal plate.

A heat supply element 6, in which there are an energy reserve 6a, an energy carrier 6b, a heat supplier 6c, and a heating element 6d. The energy reserve 6a is a gas cylinder or an oil tank. The energy carrier 6b is a gas pipe, a gas hose, an oil pipe, an oil hose or a combination of the above. The heat supplier 6c is a steam generator, a gas burner or an oil burner. The heating element 6d is steam pipes, steam channels, a gas burner, an oil burner or a combination of the above. The heater 6e is steam, flame or hot liquid. An outlet opening 6ea is an opening from which flue gases get out of the intermediate space If of the body 1 or get within the body 1, whereby they heat the aggregate. A rotating part 7. A fastening body 8.

A pivoting element 9, in which there are a pivoter 9a and a pivoting force transmitter 9b. A machine fastening element 10. A machine lifting apparatus 11. A water supply 12 for the steam generator.

Figs. 1-12 show a bucket similar of its basic form in which three different heating ways of the bucket are set.

In all bodies 1 of the buckets shown in Figs. 1-12, there are one or more heating elements 6d for heating the interior space of the bucket, whereby the aggregate in the body 1 is heatable.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 11 and 12, from the heating element 6d comes to the body 1 the heater 6e which is steam, most advantageously so-called superheated steam. Heat is produced with steam, whereby the heat supplier 6c is one or more steam generators. In Fig. 11, the steam generator and its energy reserve 6a and water supply 12 are located in the heat supply space 5 of the bucket. In Fig. 12, the steam generator and its energy reserve 6a and water supply 12 are located in the work machine, at the opposite end of the bucket in the work machine, this arrangement makes the bucket lighter but the energy carrier 6b becomes long.

According to a second embodiment of the invention, from the heating element 6d comes to the body 1 the heater 6e which is a flame. Heat is produced with gas, whereby the heat supplier 6c is one or more gas burners which blow the flame in the body 1. The production way of heat can also be that heat is produced with oil, whereby the heat supplier 6c is one or more oil burners which blow the flame in the body 1. As the gas and oil burner, it is possible to use known burners operating with the above energy which so-calledly blow an open heating flame. In Figs. 1—6, the flame is blown directly to the interior space of the bucket, whereby the heating flame 6e coming from the heating element 6d burns within the bucket. The heating element 6d is located in the intermediate part Ie of the body 1, which intermediate part Ie is between the heat supply space 5 and an aggregate space of the bucket. A third embodiment of the invention is shown in Figs. 7 and 8 in which the heater 6e, which is a flame, coming from the heating element 6d burns in one or more intermediate spaces If of the bottom Ia and/or the side Ib of the bucket body 1, whereby the heater 6e heats the bottom Ia and/or the side Ib of the body 1. Air required for burning is obtained as known behind the heating element 6d i.e. the burner, the heating flame is controlled towards the outlet openings 6ea which are in the front part Ic of the bucket body 1, whereby the body 1 heats up evenly. In Figs. 7 and 8, the outlet openings 6e are on the outer surface of the body 1 but they could also be on the interior walls of the intermediate spaces of the body 1, whereby air of burning would be controlled within the bucket.

A fourth embodiment of the invention is that in the heating element 6d flows in the body 1 the heater 6e which is hot liquid. The liquid can be a mixture of water and antifreeze, whereby the liquid will not freeze even when unheated e.g. when the bucket is not in use. The liquid flowing in the bucket is heated in the heat supplier 6c with gas or oil. According to an embodiment of the invention, the heat is produced with gas or oil which heats the liquid, which liquid is circulated in the bucket by means of a pump, whereby the bucket heats up by means of the liquid. A heating occurring by liquid according to the invention is shown in Figs. 9 and 10. Figs. 9 and 10 show a heating structure of the bucket in which hot liquid coming from the heat supplier 6c travels in one or more heating elements 6d located in the bucket, such as a liquid piping, hoses or so-called radiators known from heating dwellings.

The heating element/elements 6d is/are in one or more intermediate spaces If of the bottom Ia and/or the side Ib of the bucket body 1, whereby the heating element 6d heats the bottom Ia and/or the side Ib. In this structural solution, it is possible to utilise as the heat supplier 6c a liquid heater of the Primus stove type used in caravans or camper vans, which heater heats up the liquid, most advantageously a mixture of water and antifreeze, which is circulated by means of the pump in the heating element 6d.

In the bucket shown in Figs. 1-12, in the body 1 is joined the auxiliary body 2, whereby the bucket is closable as a heatable space, due to which the heating of aggregate is effective. In the figures, the auxiliary body 2 is rotatably pivoted with the joint 3 to the body 1. The joint 3 consists of the body joints 3a and the auxiliary body joints 3b which are joint lugs, in the holes of the joint lugs is passed the joint pin 3 c as the trunnion. The auxiliary body 2 is opened and closed by the closing and opening element 4. The closing and opening element 4 consists of the closer 4a, e.g. a hydraulic cylinder, which is fastened with joint lugs, referred to as the body fastening element 4b and the auxiliary body fastening element 4c, to the body 1 and the auxiliary body 2. In the body 1 and/or the auxiliary body 2, there can be openings or equivalent passages for the exit of flue gases and steam.

In the bucket body 1 shown in Figs. 1-11, there is one or more heat supply spaces 5 in which heating devices can be located. In the figures, the heat supply space 5 is located in the back part Id of the body, it is separated as its own space by the intermediate part Ie i.e. by a partition wall or a plate in the figure. The heat supply space 5 is protected behind the bucket and will not thus be damaged during the loading of aggregate. The heat supply space 5 is openable for maintenance and for filling or replacing the energy reserves 6a.

According to an advantageous structural solution not shown in the figure, the heat supply space 5 can be outside the body I, whereby there is no intermediate part Ie in the body 1. In this structural solution, the walls of the heat supply space 5 can be mesh-structured, whereby the energy reserves 6a do not heat up dangerously and, furthermore, the burners obtain a proper amount of air. In the heat supply space 5, there is one or more energy reserves 6a which is a gas or oil tank. The gas can be e.g. liquid gas which is stored in replacement bottles manufactured for the purpose.

In the figures, the heat supply element 6 refers to all devices by means of which heat is produced and supplied to the bucket. The energy carrier 6b refers to an apparatus by means of which heat is transferred to the bucket. The energy carrier 6b of the figures is a gas hose which transfers gas to the heating element 6d i.e. the gas burner. In Figs. 9 and 10, the heat supplier 6c is e.g. the above-mentioned Primus stove.

The figures show that the body 1 is in the cross-direction at least partially rotatable by one or more rotating parts 7. The rotating part 7 can consist of a known circular bearing structure the part on the side of the bucket is rotated or turned by the pivoting element 9. The rotating or inclining of the bucket mixes the aggregate in the bucket extremely well, whereby the heating of aggregate is even. However, the rotating part 7 is not required if the bucket is moved otherwise vigorously enough for mixing the aggregate, e.g. by rotating the tip of the bucket up and down with a reciprocating motion or by providing the bucket with a vibrator, whereby the aggregate will also mix due to vibrating.

The pivoting element 9 of the figures consists of the pivoter 9a which is e.g. a hydraulic motor. The pivoting force transmitter 9b is most advantageously a chain. The rotating part 7 and the pivoter 9a have toothings for the above chain. Rotating can also be arranged directly by the hydraulic motor, whereby no pivoting force transmitter 9b is required.

It is possible to exclude the auxiliary body 2 from the invented heatable bucket, whereby the bucket is open. However, this structure is disadvantageous from the viewpoint of thermal economy.

The machine fastening element 10 can be a known snap-in fastener by means of which the bucket is fastened to the lifting apparatus 11 of the work machine.

The invented bucket is used for loading aggregate such that the heating of the bucket is switched on and, after the bucket has heated up, the loading of aggregate having cooled or otherwise requiring heating is started. The loading is started such that the auxiliary body 2 is first opened and aggregate is then taken in the body 2 normally. The auxiliary body 2 is closed, whereby the aggregate remains within the bucket. The aggregate remaining within the bucket starts to heat up and thaw if there is ice. The even heating of the aggregate can be intensified with the above- mentioned motions of the bucket. When the aggregate has heated enough, the auxiliary body 2 is opened and the heated aggregate is lowered from the body 1 to a desired space or place.

All parts of the invented bucket can be manufactured with a manufacturing technique known in the metal industry and of known materials.

It is evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited solely to the alternatives described above, but many modifications are possible within the scope of the inventive idea defined by the enclosed claims.

Claims

1. A bucket for use in transferring and heating aggregates, in which bucket there is one or more bodies (1), characterised in that in the body (1) there is one or more heating elements (6d), and that from the heating element (6d) comes to the body (1) a heater (6e), which heater (6e) is a flame.

2. A bucket according to claim 1, characterised in that heat is produced with oil, whereby a heat supplier (6c) is one or more oil burners.

3. A bucket according to claim 1, characterised in that heat is produced with gas, whereby the heat supplier (6c) is one or more gas burners.

4. A bucket according to claim I₅ characterised in that from the heating element (6d) comes to the body (1) the heater (6e), which heater (6e) is a flame and steam.

5. A bucket according to claim 2, characterised in that heat is produced with steam, whereby the heat supplier (6c) is one or more steam generators.

6. A bucket according to claim 1, characterised in that in the bucket there is an auxiliary body (2) joined to the body (1), whereby the bucket is closable as a heatable space.

7. A bucket according to claim 1, characterised in that in the body (1) there is one or more heat supply spaces (5) in which heating devices are locatable.

8. A bucket according to claim 1, characterised in that the body (1) is in the cross-direction at least partially rotatable by one or more rotating parts (7).

9. A bucket according to claim 1, characterised in that the heating element (6d) is located in an intermediate part (Ie) of the body (1), which intermediate part (Ie) is between the heat supply space (5) and an aggregate space of the bucket.

10. A bucket according to claim I₅ characterised in that in the heat supply space (5) located in the body (1) there is one or more energy reserves (6a), which is a gas or oil tank.