WO2010026352A2 - Heating system with optimized recovery of waste water heat - Google Patents

Heating system with optimized recovery of waste water heat Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010026352A2
WO2010026352A2 PCT/FR2009/051679 FR2009051679W WO2010026352A2 WO 2010026352 A2 WO2010026352 A2 WO 2010026352A2 FR 2009051679 W FR2009051679 W FR 2009051679W WO 2010026352 A2 WO2010026352 A2 WO 2010026352A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heating system
wastewater
baffle
tank
baffles
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2009/051679
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2010026352A3 (en
Inventor
Alain Moure
Original Assignee
Alain Moure
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to US13/062,347 priority Critical patent/US20110203303A1/en
Application filed by Alain Moure filed Critical Alain Moure
Priority to EP09741376A priority patent/EP2324295A2/en
Priority to CA2736146A priority patent/CA2736146A1/en
Priority to AU2009289113A priority patent/AU2009289113A1/en
Priority to MX2011002429A priority patent/MX2011002429A/en
Priority to JP2011525603A priority patent/JP2012502251A/en
Priority to BRPI0913522A priority patent/BRPI0913522A2/en
Priority to CN2009801416825A priority patent/CN102203512A/en
Publication of WO2010026352A2 publication Critical patent/WO2010026352A2/en
Publication of WO2010026352A3 publication Critical patent/WO2010026352A3/en
Priority to TN2011000110A priority patent/TN2011000110A1/en
Priority to IL211533A priority patent/IL211533A0/en
Priority to MA33669A priority patent/MA32609B1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
    • F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
    • F24D11/0235—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system with recuperation of waste energy
    • F24D11/025—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system with recuperation of waste energy contained in waste water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/0005—Domestic hot-water supply systems using recuperation of waste heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/02—Domestic hot-water supply systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0008—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one medium being in heat conductive contact with the conduits for the other medium
    • F28D7/0016—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one medium being in heat conductive contact with the conduits for the other medium the conduits for one medium or the conduits for both media being bent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0041—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for only one medium being tubes having parts touching each other or tubes assembled in panel form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0058—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for only one medium being tubes having different orientations to each other or crossing the conduit for the other heat exchange medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0066—Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/06—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits having a single U-bend
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/12—Heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/16—Waste heat
    • F24D2200/20—Sewage water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
    • F24H9/001—Guiding means
    • F24H9/0015—Guiding means in water channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0012—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from waste water or from condensates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/18—Domestic hot-water supply systems using recuperated or waste heat
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/56—Heat recovery units

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heating system with wastewater heat recovery, of the type comprising a heat pump, a wastewater holding tank comprising an envelope defining an internal volume for retaining wastewater, and a heat exchanger to recover calories in the holding tank and use them in the heat pump.
  • FR-A-2,885,406 discloses a heating system with heat recovery of wastewater comprising a wastewater holding tank providing vertical thermal stratification of wastewater and a heat pump whose evaporator is integrated in the tank of retained, and receives wastewater from the hottest part of the wastewater from the holding tank. Nevertheless, the volume of the holding tank is important.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a heating system with heat recovery wastewater whose footprint is low, while offering a high energy efficiency.
  • the subject of the invention is a heating system of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the holding tank comprises at least one baffle extending in the holding volume and dividing the holding tank into a plurality of compartments. and defining with the envelope a route of flow of wastewater bypassing the baffles and passing through the compartments, the heat exchanger being arranged to recover calories in at least two compartments.
  • the heating system according to the invention comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken separately or in any technically possible combination:
  • the at least one baffle comprises a free edge delimiting with the envelope a passage for the flow of wastewater;
  • the holding tank comprises at least a first baffle and at least a second baffle arranged head to tail;
  • the at least one baffle is horizontal or vertical
  • the exchanger is formed in the at least one baffle comprising an inner conduit for circulating a heat transfer fluid
  • the internal duct forms a circuit comprising several parallel sections and opposite traffic direction;
  • the system comprises at least two baffles provided with internal conduits connected in series to form the exchanger; -
  • the heat pump comprises an evaporator and a condenser connected by a primary circuit for the circulation of a refrigerant, and a secondary circuit for the circulation of a coolant, connecting the exchanger to the evaporator.
  • the subject of the invention is also a heating installation comprising a wastewater source, a heating system with heat recovery of the wastewater and a heating application such as a central heating or domestic hot water circuit, the heating application being supplied with calories by the heating system, characterized in that the heating system is as defined above, the wastewater source being connected to an inlet of the holding tank.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a heating system comprising a heating system with heat recovery of waste water, according to the invention
  • Figure 2 is a vertical sectional side view of a wastewater holding tank and a heat exchanger of the heating system of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a partial side view of the holding tank of Figure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic vertical sectional view along the line IV-IV of Figure 2;
  • - Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 1 of a holding tank of a heating system according to a second embodiment of the invention;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view illustrating a heat exchanger formed by several baffles internal to the holding tank of Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a sectional view of one of the baffles of Figure 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a view similar to Figures 2 and 5 of a holding tank of a heating system according to a third embodiment of the invention, the holding tank being provided with a settling tank;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an exchanger formed by a horizontal baffle internal to the holding tank of Figure 8.
  • Figure 1 illustrates an individual heating installation 2 comprising a heating system 4 with heat recovery of the waste water and a heating application 6 supplied with heat by the heating system 4.
  • the heating application 6 is for example a radiator circuit, domestic hot water, a heated floor, or a hot air network.
  • the heating installation 2 also comprises one or more sources 8 of warm wastewater, receiving wastewater from, for example, a shower, a washing machine, a dishwasher, a bath .
  • the heating system 4 comprises a holding tank 10, supplied by the source 8, and a heat pump 12 using the heat supplied by the wastewater of the tank 10.
  • the heating installation 2 also comprises a central control unit 7 controlling the heat pump 12 and the final application 6.
  • the heat pump 12 conventionally comprises an evaporator 14, a compressor 16, a condenser 18 and an expander 20 connected in series by a primary circuit 22 of refrigerant.
  • the holding tank 10 comprises an internal exchanger 26 and an external exchanger 28 connected in parallel to the evaporator 14 by a secondary circuit 30 for circulating a heat transfer fluid.
  • the secondary circuit 30 comprises a pump 30A for circulating the heat transfer fluid, a bypass duct 30B of the exchangers 26 and 28 and a three-way valve 30C selectively closing the bypass duct 30B or exchangers 26 and 28.
  • the secondary circuit 30 also comprises a control and regulation unit 3OD driving the three-way valve 3OC and the pump 30A, and a temperature sensor 30E of the coolant circulating in the secondary circuit 30.
  • the control and regulation unit 3OD receives a temperature measurement signal supplied by the temperature sensor 3OE, and is connected to the central unit 7.
  • the secondary circuit 30 is further connected to an expansion tank 30F.
  • the tank 10 for retaining wastewater will now be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4.
  • the tank 10 is emptied by overflow: the water enters the tank 10 and leaves it discharging through an outlet when the water level in the tank reaches that of the outlet.
  • the tank 10 comprises an envelope 34 delimiting an internal volume 36 for retaining wastewater, a wastewater inlet 38 in the holding volume 36, and an outlet 40 for wastewater from the holding volume 36.
  • the envelope 34 comprises a cylindrical wall 41 of horizontal axis, and two vertical walls 42 closing the cylindrical wall 41 at its respective ends.
  • the holding volume 36 is delimited by the inner surface of the walls 41 and 42.
  • the holding volume 36 has a length of between 1 m and 4 m, preferably between 1.4 m and 2.5 m, and a diameter of between 0.4 m and 2 m, preferably between 0.4 m and 1 m.
  • the dimensions are chosen according to the final application 6.
  • the wastewater inlet 38 and the wastewater outlet 40 are formed respectively in the opposite vertical walls 42, each through an orifice passing through the wall 42 and opening into the retaining volume 36.
  • the inlet 38 and the outlet 40 are located in an upper part of the holding tank 10, at the same height.
  • the height of the outlet 40 in the holding volume 36 defines the maximum level of wastewater in the holding volume 36 from which the wastewater overflows from the holding volume 36 through the outlet 40.
  • the vessel 10 includes a plurality of deflection baffles 44 extending within the containment volume 36.
  • the baffles 44 are arranged to modify the direct path of the water between the inlet 38 and the outlet 40, by imposing a sinuous path bypassing the baffles 44.
  • the tank 10 comprises several baffles 44 regularly distributed along the axis of the tank 10.
  • the baffles 44 divide the holding volume of the tank 10 into a plurality of compartments 46.
  • Each baffle 44 forms in fact on both sides two compartments
  • the tank has three baffles 44 defining four compartments 46.
  • Each baffle 44 has a general shape of plate, more precisely of truncated disk. They each delimit a continuous surface.
  • Each baffle 44 comprises an edge 48 of junction with the envelope 34, of complementary shape of the envelope 34, and a free edge 50 defining a flow passage 52 with the envelope 34.
  • the edge 50 is horizontal.
  • the flow passages 52 are located at a lower level than the waste water outlet 40.
  • the baffles 44 are parallel to each other and are arranged head to tail alternately.
  • the baffles 44 are vertical.
  • the flow passages 52 are alternately formed in the bottom and in the upper part of the holding volume 36.
  • one of the baffles 44 protrudes upwardly from the bottom of the casing 34 while two other baffles 44 are arranged on either side and extend projecting towards the From the top of the casing 34, the baffles 44 define, with the casing 34, a path for the flow of wastewater from the inlet 38 to and up to the outlet 40.
  • the pathway passes successively in each compartment 46. It includes several changes in the direction of the flow of wastewater, to bypass the baffles 44. These changes of direction are, in the illustrated example, between
  • the volume of the tank 10 is greater than 20 times the passage section per unit length of the inlet and outlet pipes, preferably greater than or equal to 40 times.
  • this ratio is 45.
  • the travel time of the wastewater along the path is therefore equivalent to the flow time of the wastewater in a passage section conduit identical to the inlet 38 and at exit 40, and whose length would be 45 times greater.
  • the heat exchangers 26 and 28 are arranged to recover calories in the holding tank 10.
  • the exchangers 26 and 28 are connected in parallel to the secondary circuit 30 and each have a manual flow control valve 58.
  • the internal heat exchanger 26 comprises a plurality of ducts 60 extending inside the retaining volume 36. Each duct 60 passes successively through each of the compartments 46.
  • the internal exchanger 26 is thus able to recover calories in each of the compartments defined by the baffles 44.
  • the ducts 60 are connected in parallel. They are also arranged parallel to each other. Each duct 60 comprises two vertical sections 62 and a horizontal section 64 connecting the two vertical sections 62 at their lower ends. Each duct 60 thus forms a U.
  • the horizontal section 64 extends in the bottom of the tank 10 over substantially the entire length of the tank 10.
  • the horizontal section 64 extends into the flow passages 52 defined by the upper baffles 44 and passes through the baffle 44. lower.
  • the external exchanger 28 comprises a helical duct 66 extending helically around the casing 34, over substantially the entire length of the casing 34.
  • the external exchanger 28 is arranged in an insulating layer 68 surrounding the outer casing 34.
  • the insulating layer 68 prevents the heat losses of the tank 10.
  • the holding tank 10 further comprises two access hatches 72 formed respectively in the vertical walls 42 of the outer casing 34.
  • the diameter of the access hatches 72 is large, of the order of half the diameter of the tank 10, for easy cleaning.
  • the holding tank 10 is provided with a temperature sensor 73 and a water level sensor 74 connected to the central control unit.
  • the heating system 2 is switched on by means of the central control unit 7.
  • the central control unit 7 sends a start-up signal to the final application 6, to the heat pump 12 and to the control and regulation unit 3OD of the secondary circuit 30.
  • the control and control unit 3OD controls the pump 3OA and the three-way valve 3OC according to the control signals provided by the central unit 7 and / or the temperature value supplied by the temperature sensor 3OE.
  • control and regulation unit 3OD also controls the flow control valves 58 of the heat exchangers 26 and 28.
  • the circulation of the coolant in the heat exchangers 26 and 28 heats the coolant.
  • the coolant passes through the evaporator 14 by giving heat to the refrigerant. It cools in the condenser 18 providing heat to the final application 6.
  • the central control unit 7 stops the installation if the temperature value supplied by the temperature sensor 73 of the tank 10 is too low and / or if the sensor of water level 74 detects a water level too low in the tank 10.
  • the baffles 44 impose on wastewater a path of travel successively in several compartments 46 from which the heat exchangers 26 and 28 recover heat.
  • the wastewater arriving through the inlet is forced to pass through each compartment 46, which ensures a significant recovery of the heat of these inlet waters by the exchangers 26 and 28.
  • the energy efficiency of the installation 2 is high.
  • the volume required for the holding tank 10 is small.
  • the importance of the wastewater flow time around the baffles 44 ensures optimum recovery of their heat through the exchangers 26 and 28.
  • the baffles 44 prevent vertical thermal stratification of the wastewater in which the hottest waters would be in the upper part of the tank 10, which would lead to a too rapid flow of the hottest waters.
  • baffles 44 do not induce a risk of obstruction of the tank 10.
  • the arrangement of the exchangers 26 and 28 provides a large surface of heat exchanger with the wastewater present in the holding tank 10.
  • the emptying by overflow of the tank 10 limits the risk of obstruction of the tank 10. Indeed, the presence of a valve 10 at the outlet 40 is unnecessary.
  • the tank is reliable.
  • the heat pump 12 is removable without intervention on the holding tank 10, which facilitates assembly and maintenance of the installation 2.
  • the heating system 2 is that of a building.
  • Figures 5 to 7 illustrate a heating system 4 according to a second embodiment of the invention, of which only the differences with respect to the first embodiment will be described below.
  • elements similar to the first embodiment are designated by like reference numerals.
  • the heating system 4 according to the second embodiment differs essentially by the holding tank 10.
  • the internal exchanger 26 and the external exchanger 28 have been replaced by a single exchanger 76 formed by the baffles 44 of the tank 10. Indeed, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, each baffle 44 defining an inner conduit 78 for circulating a heat transfer fluid.
  • the internal duct 78 itself comprises baffles making it possible to impose a long path and a long circulation time on the heat-transfer fluid in the internal duct 78, favoring heat exchanges.
  • each duct 78 of each baffle 44 is connected to the outlet of the adjacent baffle 44.
  • the baffles 44 are thus connected in series to form the exchanger 76.
  • the baffles 44 are attached in orifices 79 formed in the cylindrical wall 41 of the casing 34, and connected to one another outside the casing 34.
  • baffles 44 has been increased.
  • the number of baffles 44 is now such that the cross-section of the flow path of the wastewater between the baffles 44 is substantially constant in the tank 10.
  • the exchange surface of exchanger 76 is very important.
  • FIGS 8 and 9 illustrate a heating system 4 according to a third embodiment of the invention, in which only the differences with respect to the second embodiment of the invention will be described below.
  • the identical reference elements designate analogous elements.
  • the heating system 4 according to the third embodiment differs essentially from the heating system 4 according to the second embodiment in that the tank 10 comprises horizontal baffles imposing a sinuous path from the bottom of the tank 10 to the outlet 40 at the top of the tank 10 and in that the tank 10 comprises a tank 82 for decanting the wastewater.
  • the horizontal baffles 44 have a complementary contour of the envelope 34. They thus have a rectangular general outline, which facilitates their manufacture.
  • Some horizontal baffles 44 have an internal duct 78 and form the exchanger 76
  • each horizontal baffle 44 forms the exchanger 76.
  • the baffles 44 comprise a through orifice 80 forming a flow passage 52 for the wastewater.
  • the settling tank 82 is disposed in the bottom of the tank 10. It is disposed on the side of the wastewater inlet 38.
  • the settling tank 82 is convergent downwards, more precisely tapered downwards.
  • the tank 82 has, at its lower end, a drain valve 84.
  • the tank 14 comprises a vertical inlet baffle 86 imposing the wastewater entering the tank 10 to descend towards the bottom in the direction of the tank 82, before returning to the outlet 40 along the path defined by the horizontal baffles 44.
  • the operation of the settling tank 82 is simple. To clean the tank 10, simply open the drain valve 84. The particles accumulated in the tank 82 are then discharged.
  • the settling tank 82 facilitates maintenance operations.
  • the arrangements of the reservoir 82 and the baffles 86 and 44 improve the guiding of the particles present in the wastewater towards the reservoir 82. These arrangements also limit the rise of particles.

Abstract

The invention relates to a heating system with recovery of waste water heat that includes a heat pump, a waste water holding vat (10) that includes a casing (34), defining an internal space (36) for holding the waste water, and a heat exchanger (26, 28) for recovering calories in the holding vat (10) and using them in the heat pump. The holding vat (10) includes at least one baffle (44) that extends into the holding space (36), divides the holding vat (10) into a plurality of compartments (46), and defines, with the casing (34), a waste water flow path that bypasses the baffle(s) (44) and passes into the compartments (46). The heat exchanger (26, 28) is arranged so as to recover calories in at least two compartments (46).

Description

Système de chauffage avec récupération de chaleur des eaux usées optimisée Heating system with optimized waste heat recovery
La présente invention concerne un système de chauffage avec récupération de chaleur d'eaux usées, du type comprenant une pompe à chaleur, une cuve de retenue des eaux usées comprenant une enveloppe délimitant un volume interne de retenue des eaux usées, et un échangeur de chaleur pour récupérer des calories dans la cuve de retenue et les utiliser dans la pompe à chaleur.The present invention relates to a heating system with wastewater heat recovery, of the type comprising a heat pump, a wastewater holding tank comprising an envelope defining an internal volume for retaining wastewater, and a heat exchanger to recover calories in the holding tank and use them in the heat pump.
FR-A-2 885 406 décrit un système de chauffage avec récupération de chaleur des eaux usées comprenant une cuve de retenue des eaux usées assurant une stratification thermique verticale des eaux usées et une pompe à chaleur dont l'évaporateur est intégré à la cuve de retenue, et reçoit des eaux usées provenant de la partie la plus chaude des eaux usées de la cuve de retenue. Néanmoins, le volume de la cuve de retenue est important.FR-A-2,885,406 discloses a heating system with heat recovery of wastewater comprising a wastewater holding tank providing vertical thermal stratification of wastewater and a heat pump whose evaporator is integrated in the tank of retained, and receives wastewater from the hottest part of the wastewater from the holding tank. Nevertheless, the volume of the holding tank is important.
Un but de l'invention est de fournir un système de chauffage avec récupération de chaleur des eaux usées dont l'encombrement est faible, tout en offrant un rendement énergétique élevé.An object of the invention is to provide a heating system with heat recovery wastewater whose footprint is low, while offering a high energy efficiency.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un système de chauffage du type précité, caractérisé en ce que la cuve de retenue comprend au moins une chicane s'étendant dans le volume de retenue et divisant la cuve de retenue en une pluralité de compartiments et définissant avec l'enveloppe un trajet de cheminement des eaux usées contournant les chicanes et passant dans les compartiments, l'échangeur de chaleur étant disposé de façon à récupérer des calories dans au moins deux compartiments.To this end, the subject of the invention is a heating system of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the holding tank comprises at least one baffle extending in the holding volume and dividing the holding tank into a plurality of compartments. and defining with the envelope a route of flow of wastewater bypassing the baffles and passing through the compartments, the heat exchanger being arranged to recover calories in at least two compartments.
Suivant des modes particuliers de réalisation, le système de chauffage selon l'invention comporte l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prise(s) isolément ou suivant toutes les combinaisons techniquement possibles :According to particular embodiments, the heating system according to the invention comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken separately or in any technically possible combination:
- le trajet de cheminement des eaux usées passe successivement dans chaque compartiment ;- the path of sewage flow passes successively in each compartment;
- l'au moins une chicane comprend un bord libre délimitant avec l'enveloppe un passage d'écoulement des eaux usées ; - la cuve de retenue comprend au moins une première chicane et au moins une deuxième chicane disposées tête-bêche ;the at least one baffle comprises a free edge delimiting with the envelope a passage for the flow of wastewater; - The holding tank comprises at least a first baffle and at least a second baffle arranged head to tail;
- l'au moins une chicane est horizontale ou verticale ;the at least one baffle is horizontal or vertical;
- l'échangeur est formé dans l'au moins une chicane comportant un conduit interne de circulation d'un fluide caloporteur ;- The exchanger is formed in the at least one baffle comprising an inner conduit for circulating a heat transfer fluid;
- le conduit interne forme un circuit comprenant plusieurs tronçons parallèles et de direction de circulation opposées ;the internal duct forms a circuit comprising several parallel sections and opposite traffic direction;
- le système comprend au moins deux chicanes munies de conduits internes reliés en série pour former l'échangeur ; - la pompe à chaleur comprend un évaporateur et un condenseur reliés par un circuit primaire pour la circulation d'un fluide frigorigène, et un circuit secondaire pour la circulation d'un fluide caloporteur, reliant l'échangeur à l'évaporateur.the system comprises at least two baffles provided with internal conduits connected in series to form the exchanger; - The heat pump comprises an evaporator and a condenser connected by a primary circuit for the circulation of a refrigerant, and a secondary circuit for the circulation of a coolant, connecting the exchanger to the evaporator.
L'invention a également pour objet une installation de chauffage comprenant une source d'eaux usées, un système de chauffage avec récupération de chaleur des eaux usées et une application de chauffage tel qu'un circuit de chauffage central ou d'eau chaude sanitaire, l'application de chauffage étant alimentée en calories par le système de chauffage, caractérisé en ce que le système de chauffage est tel que défini ci-dessus, la source d'eaux usées étant reliée à une entrée de la cuve de retenue.The subject of the invention is also a heating installation comprising a wastewater source, a heating system with heat recovery of the wastewater and a heating application such as a central heating or domestic hot water circuit, the heating application being supplied with calories by the heating system, characterized in that the heating system is as defined above, the wastewater source being connected to an inlet of the holding tank.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple, et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example, and with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
- la Figure 1 est un schéma représentant une installation de chauffage comprenant un système de chauffage avec récupération de chaleur des eaux usées, selon l'invention ;- Figure 1 is a diagram showing a heating system comprising a heating system with heat recovery of waste water, according to the invention;
- la Figure 2 est une vue latérale en coupe verticale d'une cuve de retenue des eaux usées et d'un échangeur de chaleur du système de chauffage de la Figure 1 ; - la Figure 3 est une vue latérale partielle de la cuve de retenue de la FigureFigure 2 is a vertical sectional side view of a wastewater holding tank and a heat exchanger of the heating system of Figure 1; - Figure 3 is a partial side view of the holding tank of Figure
2, sur laquelle une couche isolante de la cuve n'a pas été représentée ;2, on which an insulating layer of the tank has not been shown;
- la Figure 4 est une vue schématique en coupe verticale suivant la ligne IV- IV de la Figure 2 ; - la Figure 5 est une vue analogue à la Figure 1 d'une cuve de retenue d'un système de chauffage selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention ;- Figure 4 is a schematic vertical sectional view along the line IV-IV of Figure 2; - Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 1 of a holding tank of a heating system according to a second embodiment of the invention;
- la Figure 6 est une vue schématique illustrant un échangeur de chaleur formé par plusieurs chicanes internes à la cuve de retenue de la Figure 5 ; - la Figure 7 est une vue en coupe de l'une des chicanes de la Figure 6 ;- Figure 6 is a schematic view illustrating a heat exchanger formed by several baffles internal to the holding tank of Figure 5; Figure 7 is a sectional view of one of the baffles of Figure 6;
- la Figure 8 est une vue analogue aux Figures 2 et 5 d'une cuve de retenue d'un système de chauffage selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention, la cuve de retenue étant munie d'un réservoir de décantation ; et- Figure 8 is a view similar to Figures 2 and 5 of a holding tank of a heating system according to a third embodiment of the invention, the holding tank being provided with a settling tank; and
- la Figure 9 est une vue schématique d'un échangeur formé par une chicane horizontale interne à la cuve de retenue de la Figure 8.- Figure 9 is a schematic view of an exchanger formed by a horizontal baffle internal to the holding tank of Figure 8.
La Figure 1 illustre une installation 2 de chauffage individuel comprenant un système 4 de chauffage avec récupération de chaleur des eaux usées et une application de chauffage 6 alimentée en chaleur par le système de chauffage 4.Figure 1 illustrates an individual heating installation 2 comprising a heating system 4 with heat recovery of the waste water and a heating application 6 supplied with heat by the heating system 4.
L'application de chauffage 6 est par exemple un circuit de radiateur, d'eau chaude sanitaire, un plancher chauffant, ou un réseau d'air chaud.The heating application 6 is for example a radiator circuit, domestic hot water, a heated floor, or a hot air network.
L'installation de chauffage 2 comporte en outre une ou plusieurs sources 8 d'eaux usées tièdes, recevant des eaux usées provenant par exemple d'une douche, d'un lave-linge, d'un lave-vaisselle, d'une baignoire.The heating installation 2 also comprises one or more sources 8 of warm wastewater, receiving wastewater from, for example, a shower, a washing machine, a dishwasher, a bath .
Le système de chauffage 4 comprend une cuve 10 de retenue des eaux usées, alimentée par la source 8, et une pompe à chaleur 12 utilisant la chaleur fournie par les eaux usées de la cuve 10.The heating system 4 comprises a holding tank 10, supplied by the source 8, and a heat pump 12 using the heat supplied by the wastewater of the tank 10.
L'installation de chauffage 2 comprend également une unité centrale 7 de commande pilotant la pompe à chaleur 12 et l'application finale 6.The heating installation 2 also comprises a central control unit 7 controlling the heat pump 12 and the final application 6.
La pompe à chaleur 12 comprend de manière classique un évaporateur 14, un compresseur 16, un condenseur 18 et un détendeur 20 reliés en série par un circuit primaire 22 de fluide frigorigène.The heat pump 12 conventionally comprises an evaporator 14, a compressor 16, a condenser 18 and an expander 20 connected in series by a primary circuit 22 of refrigerant.
La cuve de retenue 10 comporte un échangeur interne 26 et un échangeur externe 28 reliés en parallèle à l'évaporateur 14 par un circuit secondaire 30 de circulation d'un fluide caloporteur. Le circuit secondaire 30 comprend une pompe 3OA assurant la circulation du fluide caloporteur, un conduit 3OB de by-pass des échangeurs 26 et 28 et une vannes trois voies 3OC assurant sélectivement la fermeture du conduit de dérivation 3OB ou des échangeurs 26 et 28. Le circuit secondaire 30 comprend également une unité de commande et de régulation 3OD pilotant la vanne trois voies 3OC et la pompe 3OA, et un capteur de température 3OE du fluide caloporteur circulant dans le circuit secondaire 30. L'unité de commande et de régulation 3OD reçoit un signal de mesure de température fourni par le capteur de température 3OE, et est reliée à l'unité centrale 7.The holding tank 10 comprises an internal exchanger 26 and an external exchanger 28 connected in parallel to the evaporator 14 by a secondary circuit 30 for circulating a heat transfer fluid. The secondary circuit 30 comprises a pump 30A for circulating the heat transfer fluid, a bypass duct 30B of the exchangers 26 and 28 and a three-way valve 30C selectively closing the bypass duct 30B or exchangers 26 and 28. The secondary circuit 30 also comprises a control and regulation unit 3OD driving the three-way valve 3OC and the pump 30A, and a temperature sensor 30E of the coolant circulating in the secondary circuit 30. The control and regulation unit 3OD receives a temperature measurement signal supplied by the temperature sensor 3OE, and is connected to the central unit 7.
Le circuit secondaire 30 est en outre relié à un réservoir d'expansion 30F.The secondary circuit 30 is further connected to an expansion tank 30F.
La cuve 10 de retenue des eaux usées va maintenant être décrite plus en détail, en regard des figures 2 à 4. La cuve 10 se vide par débordement : l'eau entre dans la cuve 10 et ressort de celle-ci en se déversant par une sortie lorsque le niveau de l'eau dans la cuve atteint celui de la sortie.The tank 10 for retaining wastewater will now be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4. The tank 10 is emptied by overflow: the water enters the tank 10 and leaves it discharging through an outlet when the water level in the tank reaches that of the outlet.
La cuve 10 comprend une enveloppe 34 délimitant un volume interne 36 de retenue des eaux usées, une entrée 38 d'eaux usées dans le volume de retenue 36, et une sortie 40 d'eaux usées depuis le volume de retenue 36.The tank 10 comprises an envelope 34 delimiting an internal volume 36 for retaining wastewater, a wastewater inlet 38 in the holding volume 36, and an outlet 40 for wastewater from the holding volume 36.
L'enveloppe 34 comprend une paroi cylindrique 41 d'axe horizontal, et deux parois verticales 42 fermant la paroi cylindrique 41 à ses extrémités respectives. Le volume de retenue 36 est délimité par la surface interne des parois 41 et 42.The envelope 34 comprises a cylindrical wall 41 of horizontal axis, and two vertical walls 42 closing the cylindrical wall 41 at its respective ends. The holding volume 36 is delimited by the inner surface of the walls 41 and 42.
Le volume de retenue 36 a une longueur comprise entre 1 m et 4m, de préférence entre 1 ,4m et 2,5m, et un diamètre compris entre 0,4m et 2m, de préférence entre 0,4m et 1 m. Les dimensions sont choisies en fonction de l'application finale 6.The holding volume 36 has a length of between 1 m and 4 m, preferably between 1.4 m and 2.5 m, and a diameter of between 0.4 m and 2 m, preferably between 0.4 m and 1 m. The dimensions are chosen according to the final application 6.
L'entrée d'eaux usées 38 et la sortie d'eaux usées 40 sont formées respectivement dans les parois verticales 42 opposées, chacune par un orifice traversant la paroi 42 et débouchant dans le volume de retenue 36.The wastewater inlet 38 and the wastewater outlet 40 are formed respectively in the opposite vertical walls 42, each through an orifice passing through the wall 42 and opening into the retaining volume 36.
L'entrée 38 et la sortie 40 sont situées dans une partie supérieure de la cuve de retenue 10, à une même hauteur.The inlet 38 and the outlet 40 are located in an upper part of the holding tank 10, at the same height.
La hauteur de la sortie 40 dans le volume de retenue 36 définit le niveau maximal d'eaux usées dans le volume de retenue 36 à partir duquel les eaux usées débordent du volume de retenue 36 par la sortie 40.The height of the outlet 40 in the holding volume 36 defines the maximum level of wastewater in the holding volume 36 from which the wastewater overflows from the holding volume 36 through the outlet 40.
La cuve 10 comprend une pluralité de chicanes 44 de déviation s'étendant à l'intérieur du volume de retenue 36. Les chicanes 44 sont disposées de façon à modifier le trajet direct de l'eau entre l'entrée 38 et la sortie 40, en imposant un trajet sinueux contournant les chicanes 44.The vessel 10 includes a plurality of deflection baffles 44 extending within the containment volume 36. The baffles 44 are arranged to modify the direct path of the water between the inlet 38 and the outlet 40, by imposing a sinuous path bypassing the baffles 44.
La cuve 10 comprend plusieurs chicanes 44 réparties régulièrement suivant l'axe de la cuve 10. Les chicanes 44 divisent le volume de retenue de la cuve 10 en une pluralité de compartiments 46.The tank 10 comprises several baffles 44 regularly distributed along the axis of the tank 10. The baffles 44 divide the holding volume of the tank 10 into a plurality of compartments 46.
Chaque chicane 44 forme en effet de part et d'autre deux compartimentsEach baffle 44 forms in fact on both sides two compartments
46. Dans l'exemple illustré, la cuve possède trois chicanes 44 définissant quatre compartiments 46. Chaque chicane 44 a une forme générale de plaque, plus précisément de disque tronqué. Elles délimitent chacune une surface continue.46. In the illustrated example, the tank has three baffles 44 defining four compartments 46. Each baffle 44 has a general shape of plate, more precisely of truncated disk. They each delimit a continuous surface.
Chaque chicane 44 comprend un bord 48 de jonction avec l'enveloppe 34, de forme complémentaire de l'enveloppe 34, et un bord libre 50 définissant un passage d'écoulement 52 avec l'enveloppe 34. Le bord 50 est horizontal. Les passages d'écoulement 52 sont situés à un niveau inférieur à la sortie d'eaux usées 40.Each baffle 44 comprises an edge 48 of junction with the envelope 34, of complementary shape of the envelope 34, and a free edge 50 defining a flow passage 52 with the envelope 34. The edge 50 is horizontal. The flow passages 52 are located at a lower level than the waste water outlet 40.
Les chicanes 44 sont parallèles entre elles et sont disposées tête-bêche de façon alternée. Les chicanes 44 sont verticales. Les passages découlement 52 sont alternativement formés dans le fond et dans la partie supérieure du volume de retenue 36.The baffles 44 are parallel to each other and are arranged head to tail alternately. The baffles 44 are vertical. The flow passages 52 are alternately formed in the bottom and in the upper part of the holding volume 36.
Dans l'exemple illustré, l'une des chicanes 44 s'étend en saillie vers le haut depuis le fond de l'enveloppe 34 tandis que deux autres chicanes 44 sont disposées de part et d'autre et s'étendent en saillie vers le bas depuis le haut de l'enveloppe 34. Les chicanes 44 définissent avec l'enveloppe 34 un trajet de cheminement des eaux usées de l'entrée 38 vers et jusqu'à la sortie 40. Le trajet de cheminement passe successivement dans chaque compartiment 46. Il comprend plusieurs changements de direction de la circulation des eaux usées, pour contourner les chicanes 44. Ces changements de direction sont, dans l'exemple illustré, compris entreIn the illustrated example, one of the baffles 44 protrudes upwardly from the bottom of the casing 34 while two other baffles 44 are arranged on either side and extend projecting towards the From the top of the casing 34, the baffles 44 define, with the casing 34, a path for the flow of wastewater from the inlet 38 to and up to the outlet 40. The pathway passes successively in each compartment 46. It includes several changes in the direction of the flow of wastewater, to bypass the baffles 44. These changes of direction are, in the illustrated example, between
90° et 180°. Le volume de la cuve 10 est supérieur à 20 fois la section de passage par unité de longueur des conduites d'entrée et de sortie, de préférence supérieur ou égale à 40 fois.90 ° and 180 °. The volume of the tank 10 is greater than 20 times the passage section per unit length of the inlet and outlet pipes, preferably greater than or equal to 40 times.
Dans l'exemple illustré, ce rapport est de 45. Le temps de cheminement des eaux usées le long du trajet de cheminement est donc équivalent au temps d'écoulement des eaux usées dans un conduit de section de passage identique à l'entrée 38 et à la sortie 40, et dont la longueur serait 45 fois supérieure.In the example illustrated, this ratio is 45. The travel time of the wastewater along the path is therefore equivalent to the flow time of the wastewater in a passage section conduit identical to the inlet 38 and at exit 40, and whose length would be 45 times greater.
Les échangeurs de chaleur 26 et 28 sont agencés pour récupérer des calories dans la cuve de retenue 10. Les échangeurs 26 et 28 sont reliés en parallèle au circuit secondaire 30 et possèdent chacun une vanne manuelle 58 de régulation de débit.The heat exchangers 26 and 28 are arranged to recover calories in the holding tank 10. The exchangers 26 and 28 are connected in parallel to the secondary circuit 30 and each have a manual flow control valve 58.
L'échangeur interne 26 comprend une pluralité de conduits 60 s'étendant à l'intérieur du volume de retenue 36. Chaque conduit 60 traverse successivement chacun des compartiments 46.The internal heat exchanger 26 comprises a plurality of ducts 60 extending inside the retaining volume 36. Each duct 60 passes successively through each of the compartments 46.
L'échangeur interne 26 est ainsi apte à récupérer des calories dans chacun des compartiments définis par les chicanes 44.The internal exchanger 26 is thus able to recover calories in each of the compartments defined by the baffles 44.
Les conduits 60 sont reliés en parallèle. Ils sont en outre disposés parallèlement entre eux. Chaque conduit 60 comprend deux tronçons verticaux 62 et un tronçon horizontal 64 reliant les deux tronçons verticaux 62 à leurs extrémités inférieures. Chaque conduit 60 forme ainsi un U.The ducts 60 are connected in parallel. They are also arranged parallel to each other. Each duct 60 comprises two vertical sections 62 and a horizontal section 64 connecting the two vertical sections 62 at their lower ends. Each duct 60 thus forms a U.
Le tronçon horizontal 64 s'étend dans le fond de la cuve 10, sur sensiblement toute la longueur de la cuve 10. Le tronçon horizontal 64 s'étend dans les passages d'écoulement 52 définis par les chicanes 44 supérieures et traverse la chicane 44 inférieure.The horizontal section 64 extends in the bottom of the tank 10 over substantially the entire length of the tank 10. The horizontal section 64 extends into the flow passages 52 defined by the upper baffles 44 and passes through the baffle 44. lower.
L'échangeur externe 28 comprend un conduit hélicoïdal 66 s'étendant en hélice autour de l'enveloppe 34, sur sensiblement toute la longueur de l'enveloppe 34. L'échangeur externe 28 est agencé dans une couche isolante 68 entourant l'enveloppe externe 34. La couche isolante 68 évite les déperditions de chaleur de la cuve 10. La cuve de retenue 10 comporte en outre deux trappes d'accès 72 ménagées respectivement dans les parois verticales 42 de l'enveloppe externe 34.The external exchanger 28 comprises a helical duct 66 extending helically around the casing 34, over substantially the entire length of the casing 34. The external exchanger 28 is arranged in an insulating layer 68 surrounding the outer casing 34. The insulating layer 68 prevents the heat losses of the tank 10. The holding tank 10 further comprises two access hatches 72 formed respectively in the vertical walls 42 of the outer casing 34.
Le diamètre des trappes d'accès 72 est important, de l'ordre de la moitié du diamètre de la cuve 10, pour un nettoyage facile.The diameter of the access hatches 72 is large, of the order of half the diameter of the tank 10, for easy cleaning.
Enfin, la cuve de retenue 10 est munie d'un capteur de température 73 et d'un capteur de niveau d'eau 74 reliés à l'unité centrale de commande.Finally, the holding tank 10 is provided with a temperature sensor 73 and a water level sensor 74 connected to the central control unit.
Le fonctionnement de l'invention va maintenant être décrit.The operation of the invention will now be described.
La mise en route de l'installation de chauffage 2 s'effectue au moyen de l'unité centrale de commande 7.The heating system 2 is switched on by means of the central control unit 7.
L'unité centrale de commande 7 envoie un signal de mise en route à l'application finale 6, à la pompe à chaleur 12 et à l'unité de commande et de régulation 3OD du circuit secondaire 30.The central control unit 7 sends a start-up signal to the final application 6, to the heat pump 12 and to the control and regulation unit 3OD of the secondary circuit 30.
L'unité de commande et de régulation 3OD pilote la pompe 3OA et la vanne trois voies 3OC en fonction des signaux de commande fournis par l'unité centrale 7 et/ou de la valeur de température fournie par le capteur de température 3OE.The control and control unit 3OD controls the pump 3OA and the three-way valve 3OC according to the control signals provided by the central unit 7 and / or the temperature value supplied by the temperature sensor 3OE.
En variante, l'unité de commande et de régulation 3OD commande également les vannes 58 de régulation de débit des échangeurs 26 et 28.In a variant, the control and regulation unit 3OD also controls the flow control valves 58 of the heat exchangers 26 and 28.
La circulation du fluide caloporteur dans les échangeurs 26 et 28 chauffe le fluide caloporteur. Le fluide caloporteur traverse l'évaporateur 14 en cédant de la chaleur au fluide frigorigène. Celui-ci se refroidit dans le condenseur 18 en fournissant de la chaleur à l'application finale 6.The circulation of the coolant in the heat exchangers 26 and 28 heats the coolant. The coolant passes through the evaporator 14 by giving heat to the refrigerant. It cools in the condenser 18 providing heat to the final application 6.
Pour des raisons de sécurité et d'économie d'énergie, l'unité centrale de commande 7 arrête l'installation si la valeur de température fournie par le capteur de température 73 de la cuve 10 est trop basse et/ou si le capteur de niveau d'eau 74 détecte un niveau d'eau trop bas dans la cuve 10.For reasons of safety and energy saving, the central control unit 7 stops the installation if the temperature value supplied by the temperature sensor 73 of the tank 10 is too low and / or if the sensor of water level 74 detects a water level too low in the tank 10.
Avec l'invention, les chicanes 44 imposent aux eaux usées un trajet de cheminement successivement dans plusieurs compartiments 46 à partir desquels les échangeurs 26 et 28 récupèrent de la chaleur. Les eaux usées arrivant par l'entrée sont contraintes de passer dans chaque compartiment 46, ce qui assure une récupération importante de la chaleur de ces eaux d'entrée par les échangeurs 26 et 28. Le rendement énergétique de l'installation 2 est élevé. Le volume nécessaire à la cuve de retenue 10 est faible. L'importance du temps de cheminement des eaux usées autour des chicanes 44 assure une récupération optimale de leur chaleur par les échangeurs 26 et 28.With the invention, the baffles 44 impose on wastewater a path of travel successively in several compartments 46 from which the heat exchangers 26 and 28 recover heat. The wastewater arriving through the inlet is forced to pass through each compartment 46, which ensures a significant recovery of the heat of these inlet waters by the exchangers 26 and 28. The energy efficiency of the installation 2 is high. The volume required for the holding tank 10 is small. The importance of the wastewater flow time around the baffles 44 ensures optimum recovery of their heat through the exchangers 26 and 28.
Les chicanes 44 empêchent une stratification thermique verticale des eaux usées dans laquelle les eaux les plus chaudes se trouveraient dans la partie supérieure de la cuve 10, ce qui conduirait à un écoulement trop rapide des eaux les plus chaudes.The baffles 44 prevent vertical thermal stratification of the wastewater in which the hottest waters would be in the upper part of the tank 10, which would lead to a too rapid flow of the hottest waters.
En outre, les chicanes 44 n'induisent pas un risque d'obstruction de la cuve 10. L'agencement des échangeurs 26 et 28 assure une surface importante d'échangeur de chaleur avec les eaux usées présentes dans la cuve de retenue 10.In addition, the baffles 44 do not induce a risk of obstruction of the tank 10. The arrangement of the exchangers 26 and 28 provides a large surface of heat exchanger with the wastewater present in the holding tank 10.
Le vidage par débordement de la cuve 10 limite le risque d'obstruction de la cuve 10. En effet, la présence d'une vanne 10 au niveau de la sortie 40 est inutile. La cuve est fiable.The emptying by overflow of the tank 10 limits the risk of obstruction of the tank 10. Indeed, the presence of a valve 10 at the outlet 40 is unnecessary. The tank is reliable.
En outre, le risque d'obstruction de la sortie 40 par un agrégat de particules est très faible.In addition, the risk of obstruction of the outlet 40 by an aggregate of particles is very low.
L'utilisation d'un circuit secondaire 30 de circulation d'un fluide caloporteur reliant les échangeurs 26 et 28 à l'évaporateur 14 permet d'adapter la cuve de retenue 10 sur des pompes à chaleur 12 préexistantes.The use of a secondary circuit 30 for circulating a heat transfer fluid connecting the exchangers 26 and 28 to the evaporator 14 makes it possible to adapt the holding tank 10 to pre-existing heat pumps 12.
En outre, la pompe à chaleur 12 est amovible sans intervention sur la cuve de retenue 10, ce qui facilite les opérations de montage et de maintenance de l'installation 2.In addition, the heat pump 12 is removable without intervention on the holding tank 10, which facilitates assembly and maintenance of the installation 2.
En variante, l'installation de chauffage 2 est celle d'un immeuble. Les Figures 5 à 7 illustrent un système de chauffage 4 selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention dont seules les différences par rapport au premier mode de réalisation seront décrites ci-dessous. Sur les Figures 5 à 7, les éléments analogues au premier mode de réalisation sont désignés par des numéros de référence identiques. Le système de chauffage 4 selon le deuxième mode de réalisation diffère essentiellement par la cuve de retenue 10. L'échangeur interne 26 et l'échangeur externe 28 ont été remplacés par un unique échangeur 76 formé par les chicanes 44 de la cuve 10. En effet, comme illustré sur les Figures 6 et 7, chaque chicane 44 délimitant un conduit interne 78 de circulation d'un fluide caloporteur.Alternatively, the heating system 2 is that of a building. Figures 5 to 7 illustrate a heating system 4 according to a second embodiment of the invention, of which only the differences with respect to the first embodiment will be described below. In Figures 5 to 7, elements similar to the first embodiment are designated by like reference numerals. The heating system 4 according to the second embodiment differs essentially by the holding tank 10. The internal exchanger 26 and the external exchanger 28 have been replaced by a single exchanger 76 formed by the baffles 44 of the tank 10. Indeed, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, each baffle 44 defining an inner conduit 78 for circulating a heat transfer fluid.
Le conduit interne 78 comprend lui-même des chicanes permettant d'imposer un trajet long et un temps de circulation long au fluide caloporteur dans le conduit interne 78, favorisant les échanges de chaleur.The internal duct 78 itself comprises baffles making it possible to impose a long path and a long circulation time on the heat-transfer fluid in the internal duct 78, favoring heat exchanges.
L'entrée de chaque conduit 78 de chaque chicane 44 est reliée à la sortie de la chicane 44 adjacente. Les chicanes 44 sont ainsi reliées en série pour former l'échangeur 76.The inlet of each duct 78 of each baffle 44 is connected to the outlet of the adjacent baffle 44. The baffles 44 are thus connected in series to form the exchanger 76.
Les chicanes 44 sont rapportées dans des orifices 79 ménagés dans la paroi cylindrique 41 de l'enveloppe 34, et reliées entre elles à l'extérieur de l'enveloppe 34.The baffles 44 are attached in orifices 79 formed in the cylindrical wall 41 of the casing 34, and connected to one another outside the casing 34.
En outre, le nombre de chicanes 44 a été augmenté. Le nombre de chicanes 44 est désormais tel que la section de passage du trajet de cheminement des eaux usées entre les chicanes 44 est sensiblement constante dans la cuve 10.In addition, the number of baffles 44 has been increased. The number of baffles 44 is now such that the cross-section of the flow path of the wastewater between the baffles 44 is substantially constant in the tank 10.
La surface d'échange de l'échangeur 76 est très importante.The exchange surface of exchanger 76 is very important.
Les Figures 8 et 9 illustrent un système de chauffage 4 selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention, dans lequel seules les différences par rapport au deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention seront décrites ci-dessous. Les éléments de référence identiques désignent des éléments analogues.Figures 8 and 9 illustrate a heating system 4 according to a third embodiment of the invention, in which only the differences with respect to the second embodiment of the invention will be described below. The identical reference elements designate analogous elements.
Le système de chauffage 4 selon le troisième mode de réalisation diffère essentiellement du système de chauffage 4 selon le deuxième mode de réalisation en ce que la cuve 10 comprend des chicanes horizontales imposant un trajet sinueux du fond de la cuve 10 vers la sortie 40 en haut de la cuve 10 et en ce que la cuve 10 comporte un réservoir 82 de décantation des eaux usées.The heating system 4 according to the third embodiment differs essentially from the heating system 4 according to the second embodiment in that the tank 10 comprises horizontal baffles imposing a sinuous path from the bottom of the tank 10 to the outlet 40 at the top of the tank 10 and in that the tank 10 comprises a tank 82 for decanting the wastewater.
Les chicanes 44 horizontales ont un contour complémentaire de l'enveloppe 34. Elles ont ainsi un contour général rectangulaire, qui facilite leur fabrication.The horizontal baffles 44 have a complementary contour of the envelope 34. They thus have a rectangular general outline, which facilitates their manufacture.
Certaines chicanes 44 horizontales possèdent un conduit interne 78 et forment l'échangeur 76Some horizontal baffles 44 have an internal duct 78 and form the exchanger 76
Dans l'exemple illustré, seule une chicane 44 horizontale sur deux forme l'échangeur 76, les autres chicanes 44 horizontales étant dépourvues de conduit de circulation de fluide caloporteur et disposées de façon alternée avec les chicanes 44 formant l'échangeur 76. Cela réduit l'encombrement de la cuve 10 ainsi que le coût de l'échangeur 76. Néanmoins, en variante, chaque chicane 44 horizontale forme l'échangeur 76.In the illustrated example, only one horizontal baffle 44 on two forms the heat exchanger 76, the other horizontal baffles 44 being free of coolant circulation ducts and arranged alternately with the baffles 44 forming the exchanger 76. This reduces the bulk of the tank 10 and the cost of the exchanger 76. Nevertheless, alternatively, each horizontal baffle 44 forms the exchanger 76.
En outre, comme illustré par la figure 9, les chicanes 44 comportent un orifice traversant 80 formant passage d'écoulement 52 des eaux usées.In addition, as illustrated in FIG. 9, the baffles 44 comprise a through orifice 80 forming a flow passage 52 for the wastewater.
Le réservoir de décantation 82 est disposé dans le fond de la cuve 10. Il est disposé du côté de l'entrée des eaux usées 38.The settling tank 82 is disposed in the bottom of the tank 10. It is disposed on the side of the wastewater inlet 38.
Le réservoir de décantation 82 est convergent vers le bas, plus précisément conique vers le bas. Le réservoir 82 possède, à son extrémité inférieure, une vanne de vidange 84.The settling tank 82 is convergent downwards, more precisely tapered downwards. The tank 82 has, at its lower end, a drain valve 84.
La cuve 14 comporte une chicane d'entrée 86 verticale imposant aux eaux usées entrant dans la cuve 10 de descendre vers le fond en direction du réservoir 82, avant de remonter vers la sortie 40 en suivant le trajet défini par les chicanes horizontales 44. Le fonctionnement du réservoir de décantation 82 est simple. Pour le nettoyage de la cuve 10, il suffit d'ouvrir la vanne de vidange 84. Les particules accumulées dans le réservoir 82 sont alors évacuées.The tank 14 comprises a vertical inlet baffle 86 imposing the wastewater entering the tank 10 to descend towards the bottom in the direction of the tank 82, before returning to the outlet 40 along the path defined by the horizontal baffles 44. The operation of the settling tank 82 is simple. To clean the tank 10, simply open the drain valve 84. The particles accumulated in the tank 82 are then discharged.
Le réservoir de décantation 82 facilite les opérations de maintenance.The settling tank 82 facilitates maintenance operations.
Les agencements du réservoir 82 et des chicanes 86 et 44 améliorent le guidage des particules présentes dans les eaux usées vers le réservoir 82. Ces agencements limitent en outre les remontées de particules. The arrangements of the reservoir 82 and the baffles 86 and 44 improve the guiding of the particles present in the wastewater towards the reservoir 82. These arrangements also limit the rise of particles.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1.- Système de chauffage (4) avec récupération de chaleur d'eaux usées, du type comprenant :1.- Heating system (4) with heat recovery of wastewater, of the type comprising:
- une pompe à chaleur (12) ; - une cuve (10) de retenue des eaux usées comprenant une enveloppe (34) délimitant un volume interne de retenue (36) des eaux usées; et- a heat pump (12); - a tank (10) for retaining wastewater comprising an envelope (34) defining an internal volume retaining (36) wastewater; and
- un échangeur de chaleur (26, 28 ;76) pour récupérer des calories dans la cuve de retenue (10) et les utiliser dans la pompe à chaleur (12) ; caractérisé en ce que la cuve de retenue (10) comprend au moins une chicane (44) s'étendant dans le volume de retenue (36) et divisant la cuve de retenue (10) en une pluralité de compartiments (46) et définissant avec l'enveloppe (34) un trajet de cheminement des eaux usées contournant les chicanes (44) et passant dans les compartiments (46), l'échangeur de chaleur (26,- a heat exchanger (26, 28; 76) for recovering calories from the holding tank (10) and using them in the heat pump (12); characterized in that the holding tank (10) comprises at least one baffle (44) extending into the holding volume (36) and dividing the holding tank (10) into a plurality of compartments (46) and defining with the casing (34) is a flow path of wastewater bypassing the baffles (44) and passing through the compartments (46), the heat exchanger (26,
28 ;76) étant disposé de façon à récupérer des calories dans au moins deux compartiments (46).28; 76) being arranged to recover calories in at least two compartments (46).
2.- Système de chauffage (4) selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel la section de passage du trajet de cheminement des eaux usées entre les chicanes est sensiblement constante.2. Heating system (4) according to claim 1, wherein the passage section of the flow path of wastewater between the baffles is substantially constant.
3.- Système de chauffage (4) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le trajet de cheminement des eaux usées passe successivement dans chaque compartiment (46).3. Heating system (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the flow path of sewage passes successively in each compartment (46).
4.- Système de chauffage (4) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel l'au moins une chicane (44) comprend un bord libre (50) délimitant avec l'enveloppe (34) un passage (52) d'écoulement des eaux usées. 4. Heating system (4) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least one baffle (44) comprises a free edge (50) defining with the casing (34) a passage (52) flow used waters.
5.- Système de chauffage (4) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la cuve de retenue (10) comprend au moins une première chicane (44) et au moins une deuxième chicane (44) disposées tête- bêche.5. Heating system (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the holding tank (10) comprises at least a first baffle (44) and at least a second baffle (44) arranged head to tail.
6.- Système de chauffage (4) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'au moins une chicane (44) est horizontale ou verticale.6. Heating system (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one baffle (44) is horizontal or vertical.
7.- Système de chauffage (4) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'échangeur (76) est formé dans l'au moins une chicane (44) comportant un conduit interne (78) de circulation d'un fluide caloporteur. 7. Heating system (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the exchanger (76) is formed in the at least one baffle (44) having an internal duct (78) for circulation of a coolant.
8.- Système de chauffage (4) selon la revendication 7, dans lequel le conduit interne (78) forme un circuit comprenant plusieurs tronçons parallèles et de direction de circulation opposées.8. Heating system (4) according to claim 7, wherein the inner conduit (78) forms a circuit comprising a plurality of parallel sections and opposite traffic direction.
9.- Système de chauffage (4) selon la revendication 7 ou 8, comprenant au moins deux chicanes (44) munies de conduits internes (78) reliés en série pour former l'échangeur (76).9. Heating system (4) according to claim 7 or 8, comprising at least two baffles (44) provided with internal conduits (78) connected in series to form the exchanger (76).
10.- Système de chauffage (4) selon l'une quelconques des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la pompe à chaleur (12) comprend un évaporateur (14) et un condenseur (18) reliés par un circuit primaire (22) pour la circulation d'un fluide frigorigène, et un circuit secondaire (30) pour la circulation d'un fluide caloporteur, reliant l'échangeur (26,28 ; 76) à l'évaporateur (14).10. Heating system (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat pump (12) comprises an evaporator (14) and a condenser (18) connected by a primary circuit (22) for circulation a refrigerant, and a secondary circuit (30) for the circulation of a coolant, connecting the exchanger (26,28; 76) to the evaporator (14).
11.- Installation de chauffage (2) comprenant une source d'eaux usées (8), un système de chauffage (4) avec récupération de chaleur des eaux usées et une application de chauffage (6) tel qu'un circuit de chauffage central ou d'eau chaude sanitaire, l'application de chauffage (6) étant alimentée en calories par le système de chauffage (4), caractérisé en ce que le système de chauffage (4) est selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, la source d'eaux usées (8) étant reliée à une entrée (38) de la cuve de retenue (10). 11.- Heating installation (2) comprising a wastewater source (8), a heating system (4) with heat recovery of the wastewater and a heating application (6) such as a central heating circuit or domestic hot water, the heating application (6) being supplied with calories by the heating system (4), characterized in that the heating system (4) is according to any one of the preceding claims, the wastewater source (8) being connected to an inlet (38) of the holding tank (10).
PCT/FR2009/051679 2008-09-05 2009-09-07 Heating system with optimized recovery of waste water heat WO2010026352A2 (en)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2011525603A JP2012502251A (en) 2008-09-05 2009-09-07 Heating system with optimal recovery of wastewater heat
EP09741376A EP2324295A2 (en) 2008-09-05 2009-09-07 Heating system with optimized recovery of waste water heat
CA2736146A CA2736146A1 (en) 2008-09-05 2009-09-07 Heating system with optimized recovery of waste water heat
AU2009289113A AU2009289113A1 (en) 2008-09-05 2009-09-07 Heating system with optimized recovery of waste water heat
MX2011002429A MX2011002429A (en) 2008-09-05 2009-09-07 Heating system with optimized recovery of waste water heat.
US13/062,347 US20110203303A1 (en) 2008-09-05 2009-09-07 Heating system with optimized recovery of waste water heat
BRPI0913522A BRPI0913522A2 (en) 2008-09-05 2009-09-07 wastewater heat recovery heating system and heating installation "
CN2009801416825A CN102203512A (en) 2008-09-05 2009-09-07 Heating system with optimized recovery of waste water heat
TN2011000110A TN2011000110A1 (en) 2009-09-07 2011-03-02 HEATING SYSTEM WITH OPTIMIZED WASTEWATER HEAT RECOVERY
IL211533A IL211533A0 (en) 2008-09-05 2011-03-03 Heating system with optimized recovery of waste water heat
MA33669A MA32609B1 (en) 2008-09-05 2011-03-04 Heating system with improved wastewater heat recovery

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0855980 2008-09-05
FR0855980A FR2935782B1 (en) 2008-09-05 2008-09-05 HEATING SYSTEM WITH OPTIMIZED WASTEWATER HEAT RECOVERY

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WO2010026352A2 true WO2010026352A2 (en) 2010-03-11
WO2010026352A3 WO2010026352A3 (en) 2010-05-06

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EP (1) EP2324295A2 (en)
JP (1) JP2012502251A (en)
CN (1) CN102203512A (en)
AU (1) AU2009289113A1 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0913522A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2736146A1 (en)
DO (1) DOP2011000069A (en)
FR (1) FR2935782B1 (en)
IL (1) IL211533A0 (en)
MA (1) MA32609B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2011112855A (en)
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WO2010026352A3 (en) 2010-05-06
FR2935782A1 (en) 2010-03-12
IL211533A0 (en) 2011-05-31
DOP2011000069A (en) 2011-07-15
FR2935782B1 (en) 2013-07-05
AU2009289113A1 (en) 2010-03-11
BRPI0913522A2 (en) 2016-05-24
RU2011112855A (en) 2012-10-10
MA32609B1 (en) 2011-09-01
CA2736146A1 (en) 2010-03-11
CN102203512A (en) 2011-09-28
JP2012502251A (en) 2012-01-26
EP2324295A2 (en) 2011-05-25
US20110203303A1 (en) 2011-08-25

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