WO2010024727A1 - Installation génératrice de chaleur (et variantes) - Google Patents

Installation génératrice de chaleur (et variantes) Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010024727A1
WO2010024727A1 PCT/RU2009/000430 RU2009000430W WO2010024727A1 WO 2010024727 A1 WO2010024727 A1 WO 2010024727A1 RU 2009000430 W RU2009000430 W RU 2009000430W WO 2010024727 A1 WO2010024727 A1 WO 2010024727A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
liquid
boiler
specified
combustion chamber
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2009/000430
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Виктор Григорьевич НИКИТИН
Original Assignee
Nikitin Vikt R Grig R Vi H
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nikitin Vikt R Grig R Vi H filed Critical Nikitin Vikt R Grig R Vi H
Priority to EA201100406A priority Critical patent/EA015772B1/ru
Publication of WO2010024727A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010024727A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D12/00—Other central heating systems
    • F24D12/02—Other central heating systems having more than one heat source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/08—Hot-water central heating systems in combination with systems for domestic hot-water supply
    • F24D3/082—Hot water storage tanks specially adapted therefor
    • F24D3/085—Double-walled tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/08—Hot-water central heating systems in combination with systems for domestic hot-water supply
    • F24D3/087—Tap water heat exchangers specially adapted therefore
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H8/00—Fluid heaters characterised by means for extracting latent heat from flue gases by means of condensation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/04—Gas or oil fired boiler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/04—Gas or oil fired boiler
    • F24D2200/046—Condensing boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/32—Heat sources or energy sources involving multiple heat sources in combination or as alternative heat sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D2020/0065—Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
    • F28D2020/0069—Distributing arrangements; Fluid deflecting means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D2020/0065—Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
    • F28D2020/0078—Heat exchanger arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D2020/0065—Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
    • F28D2020/0082—Multiple tanks arrangements, e.g. adjacent tanks, tank in tank
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D2020/0065—Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
    • F28D2020/0086—Partitions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a power system and can be used in heat generating plants designed for heating and hot water supply of industrial and residential buildings and premises.
  • the heat-generating installation adopted for the prototype comprising a “liquid-liquid” heat exchanger with a housing, the internal cavity of which is filled with a heating fluid, and a heat-exchange element placed in the housing and connected to the supply and exhaust lines of the heated fluid , a circulation pump, the input of which is connected to the lower part of the inner cavity of the housing of the specified heat exchanger, and a boiler unit, comprising one a housing integral with said heat exchanger vertical cylindrical tubular body with a cover and outlet pipe for discharging the products of combustion, a combustion chamber with the tubular body mounted longitudinally in the housing to form the boiler between the latter and the annular heat exchange housing of the combustion chamber cavities with a closed lower end serving as the internal cavity of the specified heat exchanger, a spiral heat exchanger installed in the specified annular cavity, a gas burner installed in the combustion chamber and connected to the gas and air supply lines to it and installed in the upper part of the boiler body above the combustion chamber a heat exchanger with
  • the known plants have a low efficiency of using heat energy released during gas combustion in the boiler, due to the fact that the contact heat exchanger is located at a great distance from the gas burner, in connection with which the combustion products come to it at a lower temperature, and the water is heated it is carried out only through the backfill of the combustion products and the heat given off by the body of the combustion chamber, while a significant part of the thermal energy released during combustion remains unused gas in the boiler.
  • the efficiency of using the indicated heat energy in known installations is also reduced due to the fact that the water entering the contact heat exchanger sprayer is cooled during its circulation from the annular cavity of the boiler to the specified sprayer, as well as due to the formation of a combustion chamber in contact with heating water on the outside scale, which reduces heat transfer from the housing of the combustion chamber to the heating fluid. Due to the low efficiency of the use of thermal energy released during gas combustion in the boiler, the specific gas consumption necessary for heating a single volume of water (for example, lm 3 ) to a given temperature and the efficiency of the installation decreases.
  • the evaporation of the liquid leaving the water supply nozzles is carried out at a great distance from the combustion chamber, as a result of which the efficiency of the combustion of the gas-air mixture is reduced, which is expressed in a decrease in the completeness of combustion of the latter and an increase in the content of harmful impurities in the combustion products entering the atmosphere through the outlet boiler pipe.
  • the material of the filling in the form of ceramic balls used in the contact heat exchanger of known installations during the operation of the installation gradually deteriorates due to sudden temperature changes, which necessitates periodic replacement of this material, which complicates the operation of the installation and increases the cost of producing hot water .
  • a sludge is formed, capable of partially or completely blocking the narrow gaps between the tubular spiral of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger, the housing of the latter and the flame tube in the installation according to the aforementioned patent RU 2013710, as a result of which the water supply to the contact water sprayer the heat exchanger can significantly decrease until it is completely stopped, which ultimately reduces the reliability of the installation.
  • the basis of the present invention is the task of creating a heat-generating installation, the design of which does not contain a contact heat exchanger with backfill and at the same time improves the efficiency of use of thermal energy released during gas combustion in the boiler and reduces the content of harmful impurities in the combustion products entering the atmosphere through the exhaust pipe boiler unit.
  • the heat generating installation according to the first embodiment is also characterized by the following particular distinguishing features.
  • the gas burner can have a cylindrical shape, can be located coaxially to the body of the combustion chamber and can be configured to form a flame with thermal radiation directed mainly radially from the gas burner to the inner surface of the body of the combustion chamber.
  • the gas burner is preferably made in the form of a slit or infrared gas burner, and the boiler body has a cylindrical shape and is located coaxially to the body of the combustion chamber.
  • the walls of the boiler unit body and the combustion chamber body facing the spiral heat exchanger are located near the turns of the latter with the formation between the said turns and the said walls of the boiler unit and the combustion chamber body of the spiral channel for the passage of combustion products from the combustion chamber to the pipe inlet for removal of combustion products.
  • the spiral heat exchanger of the boiler unit can be made of corrugated tube, and the boiler body and its cover can be surrounded by a casing with the formation of an air cavity between the boiler and the specified casing integrated in the air supply line to the gas burner with the possibility of the supplied air flowing through the specified air cavity in the direction from upper to the lower part of the latter, while the indicated air cavity has the shape of an annular cavity in the area of the boiler body.
  • the installation may be equipped with a condensate collecting and cleaning tank, in which the lower part is filled with a water-purifying material, preferably a deoxidizing agent, such as chalk, and communicates above the level of the specified material with the lower part of the internal cavity of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger, and the upper part communicates via hydraulic the shutter with the lower part of the annular heat exchange cavity of the boiler with the possibility of discharge from the last condensate into the specified capacity by gravity and made with an overflow hole connected to drain line and located at the same level with the maximum level of heating fluid in the specified heat exchanger.
  • a condensate collecting and cleaning tank in which the lower part is filled with a water-purifying material, preferably a deoxidizing agent, such as chalk, and communicates above the level of the specified material with the lower part of the internal cavity of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger, and the upper part communicates via hydraulic the shutter with the lower part of the annular heat exchange cavity of the boiler with the possibility of discharge from the last condensate into the specified capacity
  • the water nozzles of the boiler can be made tapering to its outlet.
  • the spiral heat exchanger of the boiler can be made of a cylindrical tube, and the water supply nozzles can be made cylindrical with an inner diameter equal to the inner diameter of the specified tube, while the water supply nozzles can be made integrally with the upper end of the spiral heat exchanger or can be combined with the aforementioned opening of the combustion chamber housing, which in this case should be made tangentially to the inner surface of the combustion chamber housing and hermetically connected the outside of the latter with the upper end of the spiral heat exchanger.
  • the water supply nozzles of the boiler can be directed downward at a given angle to the horizontal plane.
  • liquid-liquid heat exchanger can be made tubular and can be positioned longitudinally and preferably coaxially with the boiler body with the location of the inlet of the heat exchanger element of the specified heat exchanger in the lower part, and the outlet in the upper part of the latter, while the body of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger can be made in one piece with the housing of the combustion chamber.
  • the housing fluid-liquid heat exchanger can be made tubular and can be located perpendicular to the body of the boiler.
  • the installation can be equipped with at least one additional boiler unit and, accordingly, one or more additional circulation pumps, the number of which is equal to the number of additional boiler units, and all boiler units of the installation are identical in design and for each additional the lower part of the boiler is connected to the upper part of the body of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger with a message from the combustion chamber from the upper part the internal cavity of the casing of the specified heat exchanger, and the lower end of the spiral heat exchanger is connected to the output of one of the additional circulation pumps, the input of which is connected to the lower part of the internal cavity of the heat exchanger body "liquid-liquid", while the output of each additional circulation pump is connected to a spiral heat exchanger additional boiler unit.
  • a tank for collecting and cleaning condensate wherein the lower part is filled with a water-purifying material, preferably a deoxidizing agent, such as chalk, and communicates above the level of the specified material with the lower part of the internal cavity of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger, and the upper part communicates via a hydraulic shutter with the lower part of the annular heat-exchange cavity of each boiler unit with the possibility of discharge from the last condensate to the indicated tank by gravity and made with an overflow hole connected to the drain line and located at the same level with the maximum ur vnem heating fluid in said heat exchanger.
  • a water-purifying material preferably a deoxidizing agent, such as chalk
  • the heat-exchange element of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger can be made in the form of a tubular spiral.
  • an end cavity can be made at each end of its body, separated from the rest of the internal cavity of the specified heat exchanger by a transverse partition with openings, and the heat exchanger element of the specified heat exchanger can be made in the form of a bundle of heat exchanger tubes located longitudinally to the body heat exchangers uniformly distributed over the cross-sectional area of the internal cavity of the specified housing and hermetically connected at their ends with Voith transverse partitions said end cavities, one of which is connected to the supply line, and the second - to a heated liquid discharge line.
  • the liquid-liquid heat exchanger can be made with the possibility of heating water for the heating system and separately for the hot water system, for which it can be equipped with two supply lines and two drain lines of the heated fluid and is connected using one supply line and one drain lines, respectively, to the output and input of the heating system and using the second supply line and second drain line, respectively, to the output and input of the hot water system, while at each end of the housing specified heat the exchanger has an end cavity separated from the rest of the internal cavity of the specified heat exchanger by a transverse partition with holes and divided into two separate compartments, and the heat exchanger element of the specified heat exchanger is made in the form of a bundle of heat exchanger tubes located longitudinally to the heat exchanger body, uniformly distributed over the cross-sectional area of the internal cavity of the specified the case and hermetically connected at their ends with the holes of the transverse partitions indicated end cavities, moreover, in one of these end cavities, each of the compartments is connected to one of the indicated supply lines of the heated fluid, and in the second of these end cavities
  • the liquid-liquid heat exchanger can be configured to heat water for the heating system, separately for the hot water system and separately for the ventilation system, for which it can be equipped with three supply lines and three drain lines of the heated fluid and connected to using one supply line and one drain line, respectively, to the output and input of the heating system, using the second supply line and the second drain line, respectively, to the output and input of the hot water system and using the third supply line and the third exhaust line, respectively, to the outlet and entrance of the ventilation system, while at each end of the casing of the specified heat exchanger an end cavity is made, separated from the rest of the internal cavity of the specified heat exchanger by a transverse partition with openings, and divided into three separate compartment, and the heat exchanger element of the specified heat exchanger is made in the form of a bundle of heat exchange tubes located longitudinally to the body of the heat exchanger, uniformly distributed over the area river cross-section of the inner cavity of the specified housing and hermetically connected at its ends with the holes of the transverse partitions of the indicated end cavities, moreover
  • the heat generating installation according to the second embodiment is also characterized by the following particular distinguishing features.
  • the gas burner may have a cylindrical shape, can be located coaxially to the boiler body and can be configured to form a flame with heat radiation directed mainly radially from the gas burner to the inner surface of the boiler body.
  • the lower end of the hollow body is located near the upper end of the gas burner, and the latter is preferably made in the form of a slit or infrared gas burner.
  • the installation may be equipped with a condensate collecting and cleaning tank, in which the lower part is filled with a water-purifying material, preferably a deoxidizing agent, such as chalk, and communicates above the level of the specified material with the lower part of the internal cavity of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger, and the upper part communicates via hydraulic a shutter with a drain line of the condensate collector of the hollow body of the boiler unit with the possibility of draining the condensate from the said condensate collector into the indicated tank by gravity and is made with overflow from a hole connected to the drain line and located at the same level with the maximum level of heating fluid in the specified heat exchanger.
  • a condensate collecting and cleaning tank in which the lower part is filled with a water-purifying material, preferably a deoxidizing agent, such as chalk, and communicates above the level of the specified material with the lower part of the internal cavity of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger, and the upper part communicates via hydraulic a shutter with a drain line of the condensate
  • Mentioned hollow body can be made in the form of a boiler located coaxially with the housing, facing down and made in full or truncated form of a body of revolution, for example, a cone, a segment of a sphere or an ellipsoid, etc., while on the axis of the specified body of revolution can be installed hermetically entering the last pipe for the said message of the internal cavity of the specified hollow body with the output of the circulation pump with the location of the lower end of the specified pipe near the lower wall of the specified body of rotation.
  • a body of revolution for example, a cone, a segment of a sphere or an ellipsoid, etc.
  • its upper wall can be made in the form of a cavity coaxial with the latter and facing downward, providing a smooth narrowing of the internal cavity of the body of rotation in the radial direction from the axis to the periphery of the latter, while an axial hole is made for said upper wall communication of the internal cavity of the specified hollow body with the output of the circulation pump.
  • a part of said hollow body interacting with combustion products rising during operation of the installation from the combustion chamber to said pipe for exhausting combustion products can be made corrugated with the arrangement of corrugations preferably longitudinally with respect to the boiler body.
  • Each water supply nozzle of the boiler can be directed downward at a given angle to the horizontal plane.
  • liquid-liquid heat exchanger can be made tubular and connected longitudinally and preferably coaxially with the body of the boiler with the location of the inlet of the heat exchanger element of the specified heat exchanger in the lower part, and the outlet in the upper part of the latter, while the body of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger can be made in one piece with the body of the boiler.
  • the housing fluid-liquid heat exchanger may be tubular and connected to the boiler body perpendicular to the latter.
  • the installation can be equipped with at least one additional boiler unit and, accordingly, one or more additional circulation pumps, the number of which is equal to the number of additional boiler units, and all boiler units of the installation are identical in design and for each additional the boiler body the boiler body is connected with its lower part to the upper part of the body of the heat exchanger “liquid-liquid” with a message combustion chambers with the upper part of the inner cavity of the housing of the specified heat exchanger, and each water supply nozzle is connected through the internal cavity of the said hollow body to the outlet of one of the additional circulation pumps, the input of which is connected to the lower part of the internal cavity of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger body, while the output of each additional circulation pump is connected to each of the water supply nozzles of only one additional boiler unit.
  • the installation When the installation is carried out with one or more additional boilers, it can be equipped with a condensate collection and purification tank, in which the lower part is filled with a water-purifying material, preferably a deoxidizing agent, such as chalk, and communicates above the level of this material with the lower part of the internal cavity of the heat exchanger “liquid- liquid ”, and the upper part communicates through a hydraulic shutter with a drain line of the condensate collector of the hollow body of each boiler unit with the possibility of draining the condensate from the utogo condensate collection into said container by gravity and is provided with an overflow opening connected to a drain line and located at the same level as the maximum level of the heating fluid in said heat exchanger.
  • a water-purifying material preferably a deoxidizing agent, such as chalk
  • the particular essential features of the invention characterizing the installation according to the second embodiment can be indicated that the liquid-liquid heat exchanger included in the installation according to the second embodiment has an identical design with the same heat exchanger entering the installation according to the first embodiment, which is reflected in the formula inventions, in which the essential features according to paragraphs 38-41, revealing possible options for the design of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger, which is part of the heat transfer design eriruyuschey installation of the second embodiment, are identical to the essential features of the points 19-22 revealing possible variants of embodiment of the heat exchanger "zhidkoct-zhidkoct" constituting the heat generating unit structure of the first embodiment.
  • the efficiency of using thermal energy released during gas combustion in the boiler is increased in each of the variants of the claimed installation due to the location of the contact heat exchange zone directly in the combustion chamber of the boiler.
  • heating of the liquid exiting the water supply nozzle occurs when the latter directly contacts the flame of the gas burner (radiant heat transfer) and hot combustion products, and in the first embodiment of the claimed installation, also with the hot surface of the inner wall of the combustion chamber body, which allows increase the temperature of the heating fluid filling the liquid-liquid heat exchanger.
  • the efficiency of the use of thermal energy released during gas combustion in the boiler unit is also increased due to the possibility of the liquid leaving the water supply nozzle spiraling downward along the inner wall of the combustion chamber body - in the first embodiment or of the boiler body - in the second installation variant, which increases the contact area and time unit volume of liquid (e.g., lsm 3) with a gas burner flame and hot combustion products, as in the first embodiment of inventive apparatus also hot inner wall surface of the combustion chamber body, whereby, ultimately, increases the temperature of the heating fluid in the heat exchanger "zhidkoct-zhidkoct".
  • liquid e.g., lsm 3
  • the efficiency of heat energy generated during gas combustion in the boiler is increased in the first embodiment of the claimed installation also due to the fact that it provides preliminary heating of the liquid entering the contact heat exchange zone of the boiler, carried out in a spiral heat exchanger with hot combustion products, passing from the combustion chamber through the annular heat exchange cavity of the boiler.
  • the efficiency of use of thermal energy released during gas combustion in the boiler is also increased due to the deep condensation of mixed with combustion products water vapor on a condenser made in the form of a closed hollow body tapering downward, equipped with a condensate collector and installed in the immediate vicinity of the combustion chamber. As a result of this condensation of water vapor, it is possible to obtain a condensate with a high temperature used as a heating liquid in a liquid-liquid heat exchanger.
  • the elimination of the inherent characteristic of the prototype of the possibility of scale formation on the walls of the housing of the combustion chamber and the associated reduction in heat transfer of the said housing also helps to increase the efficiency of using thermal energy released during gas combustion in the boiler unit.
  • the exclusion of this scale is ensured due to the absence of heating fluid in the annular heat exchange cavity of the boiler, which is achieved by placing a liquid-liquid heat exchanger under the boiler with the location of the heating fluid level in the heat exchanger below the combustion chamber.
  • scale on the inner wall of the boiler unit is excluded due to the fact that the specified housing is protected from the flame of a gas burner by a liquid flowing downward along the inner wall of the specified housing, which makes the latter a low temperature.
  • the gas burner - enhancing the heating of the liquid exiting the water supply nozzle by the heat emitted by the flame of the gas burner, as well as the heat of the hot combustion products and the body of the combustion chamber, for which the gas burner has a cylindrical shape, is coaxial to the body of the combustion chamber and is configured to form a flame with thermal radiation, directed mainly radially from the gas burner to the inner surface of the combustion chamber body, and the upper end of the gas burner is located under the water supply nozzle close to the latter, the gas burner being preferably in the form of a slit or infrared gas burner;
  • the housing the boiler unit has a cylindrical shape and is located coaxially to the body of the combustion chamber, while the walls of the boiler unit and the body of the combustion chamber facing the spiral heat exchanger are located near the turns of the latter with the formation between the said turns and the said walls of the boiler unit and the body of the combustion chamber of a spiral channel for the passage of products combustion from the combustion chamber to the inlet of the outlet pipe, and the spiral heat exchanger is made of corrugated tube;
  • the installation is equipped with a container for collecting and cleaning said condensate, in which the lower part is filled with a water-purifying material, preferably a deoxidizer, such as chalk, and communicates above the level of the specified material with the lower part of the internal cavity of the fluid-liquid heat exchanger, and the upper part communicates through a hydraulic shutter from the lower part w annular heat exchange of boiler cavity to drain condensate from the latter into said container by gravity.
  • a water-purifying material preferably a deoxidizer, such as chalk
  • the gas burner has a cylindrical shape, is located coaxially to the boiler body and is configured to form a flame with heat radiation directed mainly radially from the gas burner to the inner surface of the boiler body, and the lower end of the hollow body acting as a water vapor condenser is located near the upper end of the gas burner, and the gas burner is preferably made in the form of a slit or infrared gas burner;
  • the water vapor condenser is made in the form of a boiler located coaxially with the body, facing down and made in full or truncated form of a hollow closed rotation body, for example, a cone, a segment of a sphere or an ellipsoid, etc., while a part of the water vapor condenser interacting with the combustion products rising during operation of the installation from the combustion chamber Nia to the outlet pipe, made of corrugated with the corrugations preferably located longitudinally with respect to the housing kotloagrerata.
  • an increase in the efficiency of use of thermal energy released during the combustion of gas in the boiler provides an increase in the efficiency of the heat-generating installation and the achievement of the technical result of the invention, which is expressed in the reduction of the specific gas flow rate required to heat a unit volume of water (for example, lm 3 ) to a predetermined temperature, and increasing the efficiency of the installation.
  • variants of a heat generating installation form a single inventive concept and meet the requirement of the unity of the invention, since both options are aimed at solving the same problem - the creation of a heat-generating installation, the design of which does not contain a contact heat exchanger with backfill and ensures an increase in the efficiency of use of thermal energy released during gas combustion in the boiler, and a decrease in the content of harmful impurities in the combustion products entering atmosphere through the outlet pipe of the boiler, and at the same time these options allow you to get the same technical result - a decrease in the specific operation on the gas flow required for heating the unit volume of water (e.g., LM 3) to a predetermined temperature, increasing the efficiency and environmental safety of the installation, simplifying manufacture and reducing the cost of the heat generating unit by simplifying its structure, simplifying installation operation and reducing production costs installing hot water, as well as simplifying the transportation and installation of the heat generating installation and expanding the scope of its application.
  • the unit volume of water e.g., LM 3
  • the specified technical result obtained when using the first variant of the claimed installation differs from the same technical result obtained when using the second variant of the claimed installation, only a quantitative measure.
  • the second variant of the claimed installation is preferable to its first variant with respect to the technical result, which is expressed in simplifying the design of the installation.
  • heating of the air supplied to the gas burner and preliminary heating of the liquid in the spiral heat exchanger are ensured, which increases the efficiency of using the thermal energy released during gas combustion in the boiler, and makes this installation option preferable to its second variant in in relation to the technical result, which is expressed in a decrease in the specific gas consumption, and an increase in the efficiency of the installation.
  • Fig. l is a general view of a heat generating installation according to the first embodiment, in which the case of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger is connected longitudinally and coaxially with the boiler body, and the heat exchange element is made in the form of a tubular spiral;
  • FIG. 1 is a section A-A in figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 a fragment of the embodiment of the installation shown in FIG. 1, in which the installation is equipped with a container for collecting and purifying the condensate, and “liquid- fluid "the housing is connected longitudinally and coaxially with the housing of the combustion chamber, and the heat exchange element is made in the form of a tube bundle;
  • figure 4 is a variant of the cross section A-A in figure 1;
  • - figure 5 is a view along arrow B in figure 2;
  • - Fig.6 is a fragment of a variant of the installation shown in Fig.l, in which the heat exchanger "liquid-liquid" body is perpendicular to the body of the boiler, and the heat exchange element is made in the form of a tube bundle;
  • - Fig.7 is a section B-B in Fig.6, corresponding to the installation according to the first embodiment, made with several boiler units;
  • - Fig. 8 is a general view of a heat generating installation according to the second embodiment, in which the case of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger is connected longitudinally and coaxially with the boiler body, and the heat exchange element is made in the form of a tube bundle;
  • FIG. 9 is a cross section GG in Fig.
  • FIG. 10 is an embodiment of a water vapor condenser in the installation according to the second embodiment
  • FIG. 11 is a section DD in Fig;
  • - in Fig.12 is a view along arrow E in Fig.8;
  • Fig - on Fig - a variant of the installation shown in Fig. 8, made with several boiler units and with a liquid-liquid heat exchanger, in which the housing is connected to the bodies of the boiler units perpendicular to the latter, and the heat exchange element is made in the form of a tubular spiral;
  • - Fig.14 is an embodiment of a liquid-liquid heat exchanger with separate heating of water for a heating system and a hot water supply system;
  • - Fig. 15 is an embodiment of a liquid-liquid heat exchanger with separate heating of water for a heating system, a hot water supply system and a ventilation system;
  • the inventive heat-generating installation comprises a boiler unit 1 (Fig. 1), a liquid-liquid heat exchanger 2, and a circulation pump 3.
  • the boiler unit 1 contains a vertical or close to vertical tubular body 4 with a blank cover 5 and an outlet pipe 6, which serves to discharge products combustion from the boiler 1 to the atmosphere, the combustion chamber 7 with a cylindrical tubular body 8 mounted longitudinally in the housing 4 with the formation between the housing 8 and the housing 4 of the annular heat exchange cavity 9 with the bottom closed, a spiral heat exchanger 10 installed in the annular cavity 9, a gas burner 11, installed in the combustion chamber 7 and connected to the lines 12 and 13 for supplying gas and air, respectively, and a water supply nozzle 14 connected to the upper end of the spiral heat exchanger 10 and communicating with its output with Combustion 7 Amer.
  • a heat exchanger 2 is installed under the boiler unit 1, connected with its upper part to the lower part of the boiler unit 1, and is preferably provided with a cylindrical tubular body 15, the inner cavity 16 of which is filled with heating fluid 17.
  • a heat exchange element 18 is placed in the inner cavity 16 of the housing 15, through which the heated fluid circulates.
  • the input 19 is connected to the cold water supply line 20 from the water supply network and / or from the outlet of the heating system and / or hot water supply system and / or ventilation system (not shown), and the output 21 is connected to the heated water outlet line 22 connected to the input of the heating system and / or hot water system and / or ventilation system.
  • a water drainage line 23 is connected to the inner cavity 16 of the housing 15 of the heat exchanger 2, connecting the cavity 16 to the inlet of the circulation pump 3.
  • the upper part of the said housing 15 is connected to the lower part of the housing 4 of the boiler unit 1 and the housing 8 of the combustion chamber 7 sec communication of the upper part of the internal cavity 16 of the housing 15 with the combustion chamber 7 and the location of the heating fluid level in the specified cavity 16 below the combustion chamber 7, and in the outlet line 23 an adjustment valve 24 is installed, which also serves to shut off I line 23 when removing the circulating pump 3.
  • a spiral heat exchanger 10 serves to preheat the liquid supplied by the circulation pump 3 from the inner cavity 16 of the heat exchanger 2 to the water supply nozzle 14, and is connected at its lower end to the outlet of the circulation pump 3, and the input of the outlet pipe 6 is connected to the lower part of the annular cavity 9.
  • a through hole 25 is made in the upper part of the housing 8 of the combustion chamber 7 (Fig.
  • the gas burner 11 has a cylindrical shape, located coaxially to the housing 8 and made with the possibility of forming a flame with thermal radiation directed mainly radially from the gas burner 11 to the inner surface of the housing 8 of the combustion chamber 7, and the upper end of the gas burner 11 is located under the hydrogen yuschim nozzle 14 close to the latter.
  • the gas burner 11 is preferably made in the form of a slit or infrared gas burner.
  • the housing 4 of the boiler unit 1 has a cylindrical shape and is located coaxially to the housing 8 of the combustion chamber 7, while the walls of the housing 4 and the housing 8 facing the spiral heat exchanger 10 are located near the turns the latter with the formation between the said turns and the said walls of the housing 4 and the housing 8 of the spiral channel 26 for the passage of combustion products from the combustion chamber 7 to the inlet of the outlet pipe 6.
  • a spiral heat exchanger 10 can be made of corrugated tube (not shown), which allows to increase the area of its working surface and to strengthen due to this the heating of the fluid passing through it.
  • an ejection nozzle 27 is installed at the outlet of line 12, facing its outlet towards the mixing nozzle 28, at which the inlet communicates with the outlet of line 13, and the outlet with gas burner 11.
  • the boiler unit 1 is configured to heat the air supplied through line 13 to the gas burner 11.
  • the housing 4 of the boiler unit 1 and its cover 5 are surrounded by a casing 29 with it between boiler unit 1 and the housing 29, the air chamber 30 that is built into the air supply line 13 to the gas burner 11, with the movement of the supplied air through the air cavity 30 in the direction from the upper to the lower part of the latter, while in the area of the housing 4 of the boiler unit 1, the air cavity 30 has the shape of an annular cavity.
  • the lower part of the cavity 9 may be provided with a drain line (not shown), communicating, for example, with the internal cavity 16 of the heat exchanger 2, or with a sewer, or with any container for sludge and condensate cleaning (not shown).
  • a capacity 31 (Fig. 3) for collecting and cleaning the condensate 32 formed in the annular cavity 9 of the boiler unit 1 in the process installation work.
  • the lower part of the tank 31 is filled with a water-cleaning material 33, preferably a deoxidizer, for example, chalk, and communicates above the level of the material 33 with the lower part of the inner cavity 16 of the heat exchanger 2 through the filter 34, and the upper part of the tank 31 communicates through a hydraulic shutter 35 with the lower part of the annular the heat exchange cavity 9 of the boiler unit 1 with the possibility of discharge from the last condensate into the indicated tank 31 by gravity.
  • a water-cleaning material 33 preferably a deoxidizer, for example, chalk
  • the overflow hole 36 located at the same level with the maximum level of the heating fluid 17 in the heat exchanger 2.
  • the overflow hole 36 is connected to a drain line 37 connected, for example, to a sewer or a special tank for sludge and cleaning (not shown).
  • nozzles 14 can be made tapering to its outlet (Fig. 2), and in the manufacture of a spiral heat exchanger 10 from a cylindrical tube of nozzles 14 can be made cylindrical (Fig. 4) with an inner diameter equal to the inner diameter of the tube from which it is made a spiral heat exchanger 10.
  • the upper end of the spiral heat exchanger 10, i.e. nozzles 14 can be made integral with the upper end of the spiral heat exchanger 10, as shown in figure 4.
  • the hole 25 is made in in the form of a tapering or cylindrical water supply nozzle 14, directed tangentially to the inner surface of the housing 8, and hermetically connected to the outside of the housing 8 with the upper end of the spiral heat exchanger 10.
  • the latter can be directed downward at a predetermined angle ⁇ (Fig. 5) to the horizontal plane.
  • the optimal angle ⁇ is determined by calculation and / or experimentally, based on the conditions for ensuring the maximum temperature of the heating fluid 17 in the heat exchanger 2, as well as the most complete combustion of the gas-air mixture with a minimum content of harmful impurities in the combustion products at a given volumetric flow rate and a given gas-air component composition the mixture entering the gas burner 11, as well as at a given volume of the heating fluid 17 in the heat exchanger 2 and the volumetric supply of fluid to cage 14 and to the input 19 of the heat exchanger element 18 of the heat exchanger 2 and the predetermined geometric parameters of the boiler 1 and the heat exchanger 2, affecting the combustion process of the gas-air mixture and heat transfer processes occurring in the boiler 1 and the heat exchanger 2.
  • the housing 15 of the heat exchanger 2 can be located longitudinally and preferably coaxially with the housing 4 of the boiler unit 1 (Fig. 1) with the location of the input 19 of the heat exchange element 18 in the lower part of the heat exchanger 2, and the outlet 21 in the upper part of the latter.
  • the specified housing 15 can be connected to the housing 4 of the boiler 1 and the housing 8 of the combustion chamber 7 by means of a detachable (eg, flange) connection 38.
  • the housing 15 of the heat exchanger 2 can be located perpendicular to the housing 4 of the boiler 1 (Fig.6).
  • the specified housing 15 can be connected via a detachable (for example, flange) connection 40 with the housing 4 of the boiler 1 and the housing 8 of the combustion chamber 7.
  • a detachable (for example, flange) connection 40 with the housing 4 of the boiler 1 and the housing 8 of the combustion chamber 7.
  • All additional boiler units 41 are identical in design to boiler unit 1 and for each of the lower part is connected to the upper part of the housing 15 of the heat exchanger 2 with the combustion chamber 7 communicating with the upper part of the internal cavity 16 of the housing 15 of the heat exchanger 2, and the lower end of the spiral heat exchanger 10 is connected to the output of one about of the additional circulation pumps 42, the input of which is connected to the lower part of the inner cavity 16 of the heat exchanger 2 through an additional line 43 of the water outlet, in which the control valve 44 is installed, which also serves to shut off the line 43 when dismantling the circulation pump 42.
  • each additional circulation pump 42 is connected to a spiral heat exchanger 10 of only one additional boiler unit 41, i.e. each of the additional circulation pumps 42 is paired with only one additional boiler unit 41.
  • the installation can be equipped with a common capacity for all boiler units 31 for collecting and cleaning condensate 32 and a common drain line 45 through which the lower part of the annular cavity 9 of each of boiler units 1 and 41 are connected to the upper part of the tank 31 through a hydraulic shutter 35 with the possibility of gravity draining into the tank 31 of condensate from the cavity 9 of each of the boiler units 1 and 41 along line 45.
  • the tank 31 has the upper part made with an overflow hole 36 connected to the drain line 37, and the lower part is filled with water treatment material 33 and communicates above the level of the latter with the lower part of the inner cavity 16 of the heat exchanger 2 through the filter 34.
  • the claimed heat-generating installation comprises a boiler unit 46 (Fig. 8), a liquid-liquid heat exchanger 2 located under it with a discharge line 23, and a circulation pump 3 connected by its input to the line 23 in which the control valve 24 is installed.
  • the heat exchanger 2 is connected with its upper part to the lower part of the boiler unit 46, which contains a vertical or close to vertical cylindrical tubular body 47 with an outlet pipe 48 located in its upper part, serving for removal of combustion products from the boiler unit 46 into the atmosphere, a combustion chamber 49 located inside the housing 47, a gas burner 11 installed in the combustion chamber 49 and connected to the lines 12 and 13 for supplying gas and air, respectively, and installed in the upper parts of the housing 47 of the boiler unit 46, a water vapor condenser 50 and at least one water supply nozzle 51 connected to the outlet of the circulation pump 3 and installed with the possibility of draining the liquid leaving it on the inner wall of the housing 47 through the chamber 49 into the internal cavity 16 of the heat exchanger 2.
  • the housing 15 of the heat exchanger 2 is connected with its upper part to the lower part of the housing 47 of the boiler unit 46 with the message of the upper part of the internal cavity 16 of the housing 15 with the combustion chamber 49 and the location of the level of the heating fluid 17 in the specified cavity 16 below the combustion chamber 49.
  • the condenser 50 is made with the possibility of contact of its side surface with water vapor rising during operation of the installation together with the combustion products from the combustion chamber 49 to the outlet pipe 48.
  • the condenser 50 is made in the form of a tapering closed hollow body 52 mounted above the gas burner 11 s radial clearance in relation to the housing 47 of the boiler unit 46, providing passage through it of combustion products rising from the combustion chamber 49 to the outlet pipe 48, and liquid draining from each water supply nozzle 51 to the combustion chamber 49.
  • the hollow body 52 is provided with a condensate collector 53 mounted under it, arranged to drain condensate into it from the hollow body 52 and provided with a drain line 54, the outlet of which communicates with the internal cavity 16 of the heat exchanger 2, the internal cavity 55 of the hollow body 52 communicates with the output of the circulation pump 3, and each of the optional nozzles 51 is fixed in the upper lateral part of the hollow body 52, connected to the output circulation pump 3 through the internal cavity 55 of the hollow body 52 and is directed tangentially to the housing 47 of the boiler unit 46 (Fig.9) with the possibility of movement of the liquid exiting the nozzle 51 in a spiral downward along the inner wall of the body 47 of the boiler unit 46.
  • the latter are placed evenly around the perimeter of the cross section of the capacitor 50 and are located relative to the housing 47 of the boiler unit 46 with the possibility of movement of the liquid leaving the nozzles 51 along the inner wall of the specified housing 47 in one direction.
  • the gas burner has a cylindrical shape and is located coaxially to the housing 47 of the boiler unit 46, while the gas burner 11 is configured to form a flame with heat radiation directed mainly radially from the gas burner 11 to the inner surface of the housing 47 of the boiler unit 46, and the lower end of the hollow body 52 is located near the upper end of the gas burner 11.
  • the gas burner 11 It is preferably filled as a slit or infrared gas burner.
  • the condensate collector 53 can have various designs, in particular, it can be made in the form of a round pan, bowl, funnel, etc., and its drain line 54 can have direct communication with the internal cavity 16 of the heat exchanger 2, in which the specified line goes down through the gas burner 11 (figure 10) with the possibility of draining the condensate from the collector 53 directly into the internal cavity 16 of the heat exchanger 2 without purifying the condensate from harmful impurities.
  • the installation in order to improve the efficiency of the installation by cleaning the condensate drained from the specified collector 53 from harmful impurities, the installation can be equipped with a tank 31 (Fig.
  • the lower part is filled with water-purifying material 33, preferably a deoxidizer, for example, in chalk, and communicates above the level of the specified material with the lower part of the inner cavity 16 of the heat exchanger 2 through the filter 34, and the upper part communicates through a hydraulic shutter 35 with the drain line 54 of the collector to condensate 53 with the possibility of draining the condensate from the specified collector 53 into the tank 31 by gravity and made with an overflow hole 36 connected to the drain line 37 and located at the same level with the maximum level of the heating fluid 17 in the heat exchanger 2.
  • water-purifying material 33 preferably a deoxidizer, for example, in chalk
  • the drain line 54 of the condensate collector 53 communicates with the inner cavity 16 of the heat exchanger 2 through a water trap 35, a container 31 and a filter 34, and a drain line 37 of the container 31 can be connected, for example, to a sewer or a special tank for sludge and cleaning (not shown).
  • the drain line 54 of the condensate collector 53 can be directed laterally from the bottom of the specified collector 53 with a slight downward inclination and can pass through an opening in the wall of the housing 47 of the boiler unit 46 with subsequent rotation towards the hydraulic lock 35 (not shown).
  • the discharge line 54 it can pass through a gas burner 11 (Fig. 8) with the outside of the housing 47 of the boiler unit 46 and then connected to the hydraulic lock 35.
  • the hollow body 52 may have a different geometric shape of the working surface interacting with the combustion products, exiting from the combustion chamber 49 to the exhaust pipe 48. It can be made, for example, in the form of a boiler unit 46 located coaxially with the housing 47, facing down and made in full or truncated form of a body of revolution 56, for example, a cone , segment of a sphere or ellipsoid, etc.
  • said rotation body 56 is shown in FIG. 8 as a truncated cone. This embodiment of the rotation body 56 is probably the easiest to manufacture technologically.
  • On the axis of the body of revolution 56 is installed hermetically entering the last pipe 57, in which the upper end is connected to the outlet of the circulation pump 3, and the lower end is located near the lower wall of the body of revolution 56.
  • its upper wall 58 (FIG. 10) can be made in the form of a cavity coaxial with the latter and facing downward to ensure smooth narrowing of the internal cavity 55 of the body of revolution 56 in the radial direction from the axis to the periphery of the latter.
  • an axial hole 59 is made in the upper wall 58 for communicating the specified internal cavity 55 with the output of the circulation pump 3.
  • the part of the hollow body 52 interacting with the combustion products rising during operation of the installation from the combustion chamber 49 to the outlet pipe 48, can be made corrugated.
  • the side wall the hollow body 52 is made with corrugations, preferably longitudinally relative to the housing 47 of the boiler unit 46.
  • Fig. 8, Fig. 9 and Fig. 1 show an embodiment of a water vapor condenser 50 in the form of a hollow body 52 having the form a truncated cone, the side wall of which is made corrugated with longitudinal corrugations 60.
  • Each water nozzle 51 can be directed downward at a given angle ⁇ (Fig. 12) to a horizontal plane.
  • the optimal value of the angle ⁇ is determined in the same way as the value of the angle ⁇ (figure 5) in the first embodiment of the proposed installation.
  • the latter can be installed on the condenser 50 with the specified angle ⁇ equal or different in magnitude.
  • the housing 15 of the heat exchanger 2 is made tubular and can be located longitudinally and preferably coaxially with the housing 47 of the boiler unit 46 or perpendicular to it. With a longitudinal arrangement of the housing 15 relative to the housing 47 (Fig. 8), the inlet 19 of the heat exchange element 18 is located in the lower part of the heat exchanger 2, and the outlet 21 is in the upper part of the latter.
  • the housing 15 of the heat exchanger 2 can be made in one piece with the housing 47 of the boiler unit 45 from one pipe (figure 10) or can be connected to the specified housing 47 by means of a detachable (for example, flange) connection 61 (Fig. 8).
  • the housing 15 of the heat exchanger 2 When the housing 15 of the heat exchanger 2 is perpendicular to the housing 47 of the boiler unit 46 (FIG. 13), the housing 15 can be connected to the housing 47 by means of a detachable (eg, flange) connection 62.
  • the installation according to the second embodiment may also be provided with at least one additional boiler unit 63 and, respectively, by one or more additional circulation pumps 42, the number of which is equal to the number of additional boiler units 63.
  • the additional boiler units 63 are identical in design to the boiler unit 46 and in each of them the housing 47 is connected by its lower part via a detachable connection 62 to the upper part of the heat exchanger body 15 2 s communication of the combustion chamber 49 with the upper part of the internal cavity 16 of the housing 15 of the heat exchanger 2, and each water supply nozzle 51 is connected through the internal cavity 55 of the hollow body 52 to the output of one about of the additional circulation pumps 42, the input of which is connected to the lower part of the inner cavity 16 of the housing 15 of the heat exchanger 2 through an additional discharge line 43 of the latter, in which the control valve 44 is installed. Moreover, the output of each additional circulation pump 42 is connected to each of the water nozzles 51 only one additional boiler unit 63, i.e.
  • each of the additional circulation pumps 42 is paired with only one additional boiler unit 63.
  • the installation can be equipped with a common tank 31 for collecting and cleaning condensate 32 for all boiler units and a common drain line 64 through which the drain line 54 of the condensate collector 53 is hollow body 52 of each of the boiler units 46 and 63 is connected to the upper part of the tank 31 through a hydraulic shutter 35 with the possibility of gravity draining into the tank 31 of condensate from the specified condensate collector 53 of each of the boiler units 46 and 63 about the drain line 64.
  • the upper part is made with an overflow hole 36 connected to the drain line 37, and the lower part is filled with water treatment material 33 and communicates above the level of the latter with the lower part of the inner cavity 16 of the heat exchanger 2 through the filter 34.
  • the claimed installation It is also characterized by the following design features common to both of its variants.
  • the pipe 6 or 48 for the removal of combustion products can be made in the form of a short pipe when the installation is located on an open area, for example, on a roof, in the yard or in a niche . If the installation is located indoors, the specified pipe 6 or 48 is made in the form of a chimney extending upward from the specified room.
  • a circulation pump 65 (Fig. 1.8) with a filter 66 can be installed in line 20 his entrance.
  • a fan 67 can be installed at the inlet of the air supply line 13, and to enable adjustment within the specified limits of the volumetric gas supply to the gas burner 11, an adjustment device 68 can be installed gas supply, the input of which is connected to the pipeline 69 of the gas network.
  • the heat exchange element 18 of the heat exchanger 2 can be made in the form of a tubular spiral 70 (Fig. 1,13) or in the form of a bundle of heat exchanger tubes 71 (Figs. 3,6-8,14-16), uniformly distributed over the area the cross section of the inner cavity 16 of the housing 15 of the heat exchanger 2 and arranged longitudinally to the housing 15.
  • end cavities 72 and 73 are made at the ends of the housing 15 of the heat exchanger 2 (Fig. 3,8), the first of which is connected to input 19, and the second with output 21 heat exchange th element 18.
  • the end cavities 72 and 73 are separated from the rest of the inner cavity 16 of the heat exchanger 2 by transverse partitions, 74 and 75, respectively, in each of which holes are made, respectively, 76 and 77, uniformly distributed over the area of the partition in which they are made, and the ends of the tubes 71 are hermetically connected to said openings 76 and 77.
  • the latter can be performed with separate heating of water for different systems hot water consumption, in particular for the heating system, hot water system and ventilation system.
  • the heat exchanger 2 with heat exchange tubes 71 can be configured to heat water for the heating system and separately for the hot water supply system.
  • said heat exchanger 2 may be provided with two supply lines 78 and 79 (Fig.
  • the end cavity 72 is divided into two separate compartments 82 and 83, the first of which is connected to the line 78, and the second to the line 79 for supplying the heated fluid.
  • the end cavity 73 is divided into two separate compartments 84 and 85, the first of which is connected to line 80, and the second to line 81 of the outlet of the heated fluid.
  • the compartments 82 and 83 of the end cavity 72 are connected by heat exchange tubes 71, respectively, with the compartments 84 and 85 of the end cavity 73, and in the lines 78 and 79 booster circulation pumps 86 and 87 are installed, respectively.
  • the heat exchanger 2 with heat exchange tubes 71 can be configured to heat water for the heating system, separately for the hot water supply system niya and separately for the ventilation system.
  • said heat exchanger 2 can be provided with three supply lines 78, 79 and 88 (Fig.
  • heating system using the supply line 79 and the drain line 81, respectively, to the output and input of the hot water system and using the supply line 88 and the drain line 89, respectively, to the output and input of the ventilation system, made, for example, in the form of at least one heater 90 provided with supply m of air by a fan 91 and an outlet 92 of heated air supplied to a room and / or a drying chamber (not shown).
  • the end cavity 72 is divided into three separate compartments 82, 83 and 93, the first of which is connected to line 78, the second to line 79, and the third to line 88 of the heated fluid supply. Accordingly, the end cavity 73 is divided into three separate compartments 84, 85 and 94, the first of which is connected to line 80, the second to line 81, and the third to line 89 of the outlet of the heated fluid.
  • compartments 82, 83 and 93 of the end cavity 72 are connected by heat exchange tubes 71, respectively, with the compartments 84, 85 and 94 of the end cavity 73, booster circulation pumps 86, 87 and 95 are installed in lines 78, 79 and 88, and compartments 82, 83 and 93 and compartments 84, 85 and 94, respectively, of end cavities 72 and 73, can be made in the form of sectors of these cavities, separated from each other by radial partitions 96 (Fig. 16).
  • the claimed installation in each of its variants can be equipped with a device for automatically feeding the heat exchanger 2 with a liquid (not shown) connected to the inner cavity 16 of the heat exchanger 2 and configured to automatically feed the heat exchanger 2 with a liquid with a decrease in the level of the heating fluid 17 below a predetermined minimum value with the cessation of the specified recharge when the level of the heating fluid reaches the specified maximum value.
  • the installation can be equipped with a support frame (not shown), and in the case of external use of the specified installation, it can also be equipped with a protective insulated casing (not shown).
  • both variants of the claimed installation do not exclude the possibility of using other constructive variants of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger 2 in them, as well as other variants of the gas-air mixture supply system to gas burners 11 and the condensate treatment system formed in the annular cavity 9 of boiler unit 1 - in the first the installation option, and condensate draining into the condensate collector 53 in the second installation option.
  • the heat generating installation according to the first embodiment of its execution works as follows.
  • the fluid exiting the nozzle 14 in the form of a jet makes a spiral motion from top to bottom on the inner surface of the specified housing 8 and heats up under the influence of thermal radiation energy the flame of a gas burner And having a temperature of the order of 1200-1500 0 C, from rising up along the combustion chamber 7 hot combustion products having a temperature of the order of 900-1200 0 C, and from the housing 8 having a relatively low temperature of the order of 100-150 0 C due to the fact that the housing 8 is closed from the flame of the gas burner 11 and from the hot combustion products with water draining along its inner wall.
  • the spiral motion of the liquid along the inner surface of the housing 8 of the combustion chamber 7 increases the area and duration of direct contact of a unit volume of the fluid passing through the nozzles 14 (for example, lcm 3 ) with the flame of the gas burner 11 and hot combustion products, thereby increasing the temperature of the heating fluid 17 in the heat exchanger 2 and, accordingly, increases the efficiency of use of thermal energy released during the combustion of the gas-air mixture in the chamber 7.
  • the combustion products coming up from the chamber 7 pass through the end gap between the housing 8 and the cover 5, then they turn down and at a temperature of about 600-800 0 C enter a spiral channel 26, passing through which at a temperature of about 50-90 0 C at the entrance of the outlet pipe 6, which are discharged into the atmosphere.
  • the hot combustion products heat the lid 5 and the spiral heat exchanger 10, as well as the housing 4 of the boiler unit 1 and the housing 8 of the combustion chamber 7.
  • the liquid entering the additional nozzle 14 is preheated in the spiral heat exchanger 10 to a temperature of about 80-90 0 C, and air introduced to the gas burner 11 of supply line 13 (e.g., fan 67) through the annular cavity 30 is preheated by the heat from a the lid 5 and the housing 4.
  • supply line 13 e.g., fan 67
  • part of the liquid entering the combustion chamber 7 from the nozzle 14 flows down the inner wall of the housing 8 of the chamber into the inner cavity 16 of the heat exchanger 2 and becomes the heating fluid 17 of the heat exchanger, which is used to heat the water supplied by the circulation pump 65 from line 20 to the input 19 of the heat exchange element 18 of the heat exchanger 2 and removed after heating from the output 21 of the specified element 18 through line 22 to consumers of hot water.
  • a drain line not shown
  • hot condensate flows by gravity to the indicated tank 31 through a hydraulic shutter 35, which blocks the passage of combustion products from the annular cavity 9 into the tank 31.
  • the condensate 32 settles and is cleaned of impurities during the sludge mainly from CO and CO 2 oxides, and through a filter 34 to prevent material 33 from entering the heating liquid 17, it enters the lower part of the inner cavity 16 of the heat exchanger 2, where it is used as the heating liquid 17. Since the tank 31 and the heat exchanger 2 are Condensing 32 in the tank 31 and the heating liquid 17 in the heat exchanger 2 are at the same level as communicating vessels.
  • the condensate 32 begins to flow from the tank 31 through the overflow hole 36 into the drain line 37, through which it is drained, for example, into a sewer or special tank, thereby eliminating a further rise in the level of the heating fluid 17 in the heat exchanger 2.
  • the liquid from the lower part of the inner cavity 16 of the heat exchanger 2 is supplied through the nozzle 57 through the nozzle 57 (Fig. 8) or through the axial hole 59 (Fig. 10) into the inner cavity 55 of the condenser 50. After hitting the bottom of the indicated cavity 55, the liquid spreads radially along the lower and side walls of the condenser 50, cooling the latter, and enters the water supply nozzles 51. When this, at the outlet of each nozzle 51 a liquid stream is formed tangentially directed to the inner wall of the housing 47 of the boiler unit 46.
  • the liquid exiting each nozzle 51 spirals downward along the inner wall of the housing 47 towards the inner cavity 16 of the heat exchanger 2 and at the same time heats up under the influence of thermal radiation energy from the flame of the gas burner 11 and from hot combustion products rising up along the combustion chamber 49.
  • a portion of the liquid thus heated enters the internal cavity 16 of the heat exchanger 2 and becomes the heating liquid 17 of the heat exchanger, which is used to heat the water supplied by the circulation pump 65 from line 20 to the inlet 19 of the heat exchanger element 18 of the heat exchanger 2 and drained after heating from the outlet 21 of the specified element 18 through line 22 to consumers of hot water.
  • Another part of the heated liquid under the influence of the specified thermal radiation evaporates and is mixed with combustion products in the form of water vapor.
  • water vapor mixed with the combustion products rises upward along the combustion chamber 49 and condenses upon contact with the cooler working surface of the condenser 50, which is cooled from the side of the inner cavity 55 of the latter by the liquid supplied by the circulation pump 3 to the bottom of the cavity 55 from the bottom of the inner cavity 16 heat exchanger 2, where the temperature of the heating fluid 17 has the lowest value.
  • the resulting hot condensate flows from the hollow body 52 into the condensate collector 53, from where it flows by gravity along the drain line 54 into the internal cavity 16 of the heat exchanger 2 (Fig. 10), replenishing the volume of the heating liquid 17 in the latter.
  • hot condensate flows by gravity along a drain line 54 into a specified tank 31 through a hydraulic shutter 35, which blocks the passage of combustion products from the boiler unit 46 into a tank 31.
  • the condensate 32 settles during the sludge it is cleaned of CO and CO 2 oxides and through the filter 34 it enters the lower part of the inner cavity 16 of the heat exchanger 2, where it is used as a heating fluid 17.
  • the condensate 32 begins to flow from the tank 31 through the overflow hole 36 into the drain line 37, through which it merges, for example, into a sewer or a special tank, thereby eliminating a further rise in the level of the heating fluid 17 in the heat exchanger 2.
  • hot condensate formed in the annular cavities 9 of the boiler units 1 and 41 is discharged along a common drain line 45
  • the hot condensate flowing in the boiler units 46 and 63 from the hollow bodies 52 into their condensate collectors 53 is discharged along a common drain line 64.
  • the condensate discharged via any of the lines 45 and 64 flows through a hydraulic shutter 35 into a common tank 31, from which, after purification from CO and CO 2 oxides, it passes through a filter 34 to the lower part of the internal cavity 16 of the heat exchanger 2 where ispo can be used as a heating liquid 17.
  • the volumetric flow of fluid from the inner cavity 16 of the heat exchanger 2 to the additional nozzle 14 of the boiler unit 1 according to the first installation option or to each water supply nozzle 51 of the boiler unit 46 according to the second installation variant can be controlled within the specified limits using the valve 24.
  • the specified volumetric fluid flow in each additional boiler unit 41 or 63 is performed using a valve 44.
  • the volumetric supply of gas and air to the gas burner 11 can be controlled within predetermined limits, respectively, using the device 68 irovki feed gas and the fan 67, air supply volume at the outlet can be varied within a predetermined range by adjusting the number of operating revolutions of said fan body.
  • cold water from the outlet of the heating system is supplied via line 78 using a circulation pump 86 to the compartment 82 of the end cavity 72 of the heat exchanger 2 and to the heat exchange tubes 71 communicating with each other compartments 82 and 84, flows towards the compartment 84 while heating from the heating fluid 17 surrounding these tubes 71. From the compartment 84, the heated water enters through line 80 to heating input.
  • cold water from the outlet of the hot water supply system and / or from the water supply network is supplied via line 79 with the aid of a circulation pump 87 to the compartment 83 of the end cavity 72 of the heat exchanger 2 and through the heat exchange tubes 71 communicating with each other compartments 83 and 85, flows side of compartment 85, from where heated water enters line 81 to the inlet of the hot water system.
  • a separate heating of cold water supplied to the heat exchanger 2 from the outlet of the ventilation system is added to the above-described separate heating of water for the first two of these systems of hot water consumers 88 by means of a circulation pump 95.
  • the specified cold water enters the compartment 93 of the end cavity 72 of the heat exchanger 2 and flows through the heat transfer tubes 71 communicating with each other compartments 93 and 94 towards the compartment 9 4, from where the heated water flows through line 89 to the inlet of the ventilation system.
  • the most successful industrial application of the claimed heat-generating installation can be provided in the field of power engineering, mainly for heating water in heating systems and hot water supply of residential and industrial buildings and premises.
  • 45 - drain line which serves to drain the condensate from the cavities 9 of the boiler units (1) and (41) into the tank (31); 46 - boiler;
  • 81 is a line for discharging heated water from a heat exchanger (2) to the input of a hot water supply system

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

L’invention est destinée à chauffer l’eau et peut s’utiliser en génie thermique. L’installation comprend un échangeur de chaleur dont la cavité interne est remplie d’un liquide de chauffage et un élément échangeur de chaleur destiné au liquide chauffé, qui est disposé dans le corps de l’échangeur de chaleur, ainsi qu’une chaudière, une chambre de combustion montée de manière à former une cavité annulaire avec la chaudière, un échangeur de chaleur en spirale, monté dans la cavité annulaire, et une tubulure d’amenée d’eau montée dans la partie supérieure de la chaudière. L’échangeur de chaleur est monté sous la chaudière et est branché à l’échangeur de chaleur en spirale de la chaudière. La tubulure d’amenée d’eau est montée dans l’orifice traversant de la chambre de combustion et est orientée tangentiellement par rapport au corps de la chambre de combustion. Dans un autre monde de réalisation, dans la partie supérieure du corps de la chaudière on a monté un condenseur de vapeurs d’eau et une tubulure d’amenée d’eau de manière à permettre au liquide qui en sort de s’écouler dans la chambre de combustion de la chaudière. Le condenseur de vapeurs d’eau se présente comme un corps creux fermé se rétrécissant vers le bas qui communique avec la sortie de la pompe de circulation. L’invention permet d’augmenter le rendement de l’installation, de simplifier la structure de fabrication et l’exploitation ainsi que de réduire le poids, l’encombrement et le coût de l’installation, de même que d’augmenter sa sûreté en termes de l’environnement.
PCT/RU2009/000430 2008-08-28 2009-08-27 Installation génératrice de chaleur (et variantes) WO2010024727A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EA201100406A EA015772B1 (ru) 2008-08-28 2009-08-27 Теплогенерирующая установка (варианты)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2008135166/06A RU2381422C1 (ru) 2008-08-28 2008-08-28 Теплогенерирующая установка (варианты)
RU2008135166 2008-08-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010024727A1 true WO2010024727A1 (fr) 2010-03-04

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ID=41721700

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/RU2009/000430 WO2010024727A1 (fr) 2008-08-28 2009-08-27 Installation génératrice de chaleur (et variantes)

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EA (1) EA015772B1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2381422C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010024727A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101846359A (zh) * 2010-04-23 2010-09-29 张亚玉 顺向烟气接触换热式燃气采暖炉
CN106895580A (zh) * 2017-03-29 2017-06-27 碧海舟（北京）节能环保装备有限公司 新型高效水浴加热炉
CN114853213A (zh) * 2022-05-16 2022-08-05 华能国际电力股份有限公司营口电厂 一种热电厂自动化水循环系统

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2596079C1 (ru) * 2015-03-30 2016-08-27 Владимир Александрович Илиодоров Способ нагрева теплоносителя в твёрдотопливном отопительном приборе
CN112939179A (zh) * 2021-03-30 2021-06-11 亿利洁能科技（乐陵）有限公司 一种锅炉取样水回收设备

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0151431A2 (fr) * 1984-02-08 1985-08-14 Pulmatec Holding Inc Procédé et dispositif pour le chauffage non-polluant d'un liquide
GB2166853A (en) * 1984-11-07 1986-05-14 British Gas Corp Gas-fired water heater
US4846148A (en) * 1988-05-09 1989-07-11 Packless Metal Hose, Inc. Heating apparatus and method
SU1513337A1 (ru) * 1988-01-04 1989-10-07 Государственный Проектный Институт Строительного Машиностроения Установка дл утилизации тепла дымовых газов
RU2013710C1 (ru) * 1991-12-17 1994-05-30 Борис Викторович Белевич Контактно-поверхностный водонагреватель

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0151431A2 (fr) * 1984-02-08 1985-08-14 Pulmatec Holding Inc Procédé et dispositif pour le chauffage non-polluant d'un liquide
GB2166853A (en) * 1984-11-07 1986-05-14 British Gas Corp Gas-fired water heater
SU1513337A1 (ru) * 1988-01-04 1989-10-07 Государственный Проектный Институт Строительного Машиностроения Установка дл утилизации тепла дымовых газов
US4846148A (en) * 1988-05-09 1989-07-11 Packless Metal Hose, Inc. Heating apparatus and method
RU2013710C1 (ru) * 1991-12-17 1994-05-30 Борис Викторович Белевич Контактно-поверхностный водонагреватель

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101846359A (zh) * 2010-04-23 2010-09-29 张亚玉 顺向烟气接触换热式燃气采暖炉
CN106895580A (zh) * 2017-03-29 2017-06-27 碧海舟（北京）节能环保装备有限公司 新型高效水浴加热炉
CN114853213A (zh) * 2022-05-16 2022-08-05 华能国际电力股份有限公司营口电厂 一种热电厂自动化水循环系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EA201100406A1 (ru) 2011-06-30
EA015772B1 (ru) 2011-12-30
RU2381422C1 (ru) 2010-02-10

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