WO2010023945A1 - 報知方法ならびにそれを利用したアクセス制御装置および無線装置 - Google Patents
報知方法ならびにそれを利用したアクセス制御装置および無線装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010023945A1 WO2010023945A1 PCT/JP2009/004222 JP2009004222W WO2010023945A1 WO 2010023945 A1 WO2010023945 A1 WO 2010023945A1 JP 2009004222 W JP2009004222 W JP 2009004222W WO 2010023945 A1 WO2010023945 A1 WO 2010023945A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 53
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 28
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 9
- 101100172132 Mus musculus Eif3a gene Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 238000010187 selection method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/16—Anti-collision systems
- G08G1/161—Decentralised systems, e.g. inter-vehicle communication
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/16—Anti-collision systems
- G08G1/164—Centralised systems, e.g. external to vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
- H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
- H04W74/0816—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/06—Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/02—Selection of wireless resources by user or terminal
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a notification technique, and more particularly, to a notification method for notifying a signal including predetermined information, and an access control device and a wireless device using the notification method.
- Road-to-vehicle communication is being studied to prevent collisions at intersections.
- information on the situation of the intersection is communicated between the roadside device and the vehicle-mounted device.
- Road-to-vehicle communication requires the installation of roadside equipment, which increases labor and cost.
- installation of a roadside machine will become unnecessary.
- the current position information is detected in real time by GPS (Global Positioning System), etc., and the position information is exchanged between the vehicle-mounted devices so that the own vehicle and the other vehicle each enter the intersection. (See, for example, Patent Document 1).
- CSMA / CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access Avoidance
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a technique for reducing the collision probability of packet signals even when the amount of communication increases.
- an access control device is an access control device that controls communication between wireless devices, and is defined such that a frame including at least a plurality of slots is repeated, In addition, a part of the plurality of slots included in the frame is reserved for use of the access control device, and a slot usable for communication between the wireless devices is detected from the remaining of the plurality of slots.
- An informing unit for informing the information regarding.
- This method is a notification method in an access control device that controls communication between wireless devices, and is defined such that a frame including at least a plurality of slots is repeated, and among the plurality of slots included in the frame Are reserved for the use of the access control device, and from the remaining of the plurality of slots, detecting a slot that can be used for communication between wireless devices, and reporting information on the detected slot Therefore, the method includes a step of selecting a slot from a part of the plurality of slots and a step of notifying information on the detected slot in the selected slot.
- Still another aspect of the present invention is an access control device.
- This device is an access control device that controls communication between wireless devices, and is defined such that a frame including at least a plurality of slots is repeated, and a part of the plurality of slots included in the frame is A detection unit that is reserved for use of the access control device and detects a slot that can be used for communication between wireless devices from the remaining of the plurality of slots, and empty slot information related to the slot detected by the detection unit
- a selection unit that selects a slot from among a plurality of slots, and empty slot information and identification information for identifying the access control device are broadcast in the slot selected by the selection unit.
- a notification unit is an access control device that controls communication between wireless devices, and is defined such that a frame including at least a plurality of slots is repeated, and a part of the plurality of slots included in the frame is
- a detection unit that is reserved for use of the access control device and detects a slot that can be used for communication between wireless devices from the remaining of the plurality of slots, and
- Still another aspect of the present invention is a wireless device.
- This device is a wireless device that broadcasts a signal to another wireless device, and is defined such that a frame including at least a plurality of slots is repeated, and a part of the plurality of slots included in the frame is Reserved for use of the access control device and included in a part of the plurality of slots, empty slot information relating to a slot that can be used for communication between wireless devices, and broadcast source access control
- a reception unit that receives a signal including identification information for identifying the device from the access control device, and the remaining slot among the plurality of slots based on the empty slot information included in the signal received by the reception unit.
- a selection unit for selecting a slot from the identification information included in the signal received at the reception unit and the reception unit at the slot selected by the selection unit. While including the the signal is broadcast slot information on the broadcast slot, and a notification unit for notifying the signal.
- Still another aspect of the present invention is a notification method.
- This method is a notification method in an access control device that controls communication between wireless devices, and is defined such that a frame including at least a plurality of slots is repeated, and among the plurality of slots included in the frame Are reserved for the use of the access control device, and a step of detecting a slot usable for communication between wireless devices from the remaining of the plurality of slots, and empty slot information relating to the detected slot are provided.
- Still another aspect of the present invention is also a notification method.
- This method is a notification method in a wireless device that notifies a signal to another wireless device, and is defined such that a frame including at least a plurality of slots is repeated, and among the plurality of slots included in the frame Are reserved for the use of the access control device, and in the slots included in a part of the plurality of slots, empty slot information about slots that can be used for communication between wireless devices, and notification A step of receiving a signal including identification information for identifying the original access control device from the access control device, and the remaining of the plurality of slots based on the empty slot information included in the received signal; Selecting a slot from the selected slot, identification information included in the received signal in the selected slot, and a report on the slot in which the received signal was broadcast. While including the slot information, comprising the steps of notifying a signal.
- Still another aspect of the present invention is an access control device.
- This device is an access control device that controls communication between wireless devices, and is defined such that a frame including at least a plurality of slots is repeated, and a part of the plurality of slots included in the frame is A detection unit that is reserved for use of the access control device and detects a slot that can be used for communication between wireless devices from the remaining of the plurality of slots, and empty slot information related to the slot detected by the detection unit
- a selection unit that selects a slot from among a plurality of slots, and empty slot information and identification information for identifying the access control device are broadcast in the slot selected by the selection unit.
- a notification unit is an access control device that controls communication between wireless devices, and is defined such that a frame including at least a plurality of slots is repeated, and a part of the plurality of slots included in the frame is
- a detection unit that is reserved for use of the access control device and detects a slot that can be used for communication between wireless devices from the remaining of the plurality of slots, and
- the selection unit is a signal in communication between wireless devices, and is notified of the identification information of the access control device that has notified the empty slot information referred to by the wireless device and the empty slot information referred to by the wireless device.
- An acquisition unit that receives a signal including broadcast slot information related to the received slot from the wireless device, an analysis unit that statistically analyzes identification information and broadcast slot information included in the signal received by the acquisition unit, and an analysis unit Based on the analysis result in, an estimation unit that estimates a slot that is not used by another access control apparatus in a part of the plurality of slots, and selects a slot based on the estimation result in the estimation unit An execution unit.
- Still another aspect of the present invention is also an access control device.
- This device is an access control device that controls communication between wireless devices, and is defined such that a frame including at least a plurality of slots is repeated, and a part of the plurality of slots included in the frame is A detection unit that is reserved for use of the access control device and detects a slot that can be used for communication between wireless devices from the remaining of the plurality of slots, and empty slot information related to the slot detected by the detection unit
- a selection unit that selects a slot from among a plurality of slots, and empty slot information and identification information for identifying the access control device are broadcast in the slot selected by the selection unit.
- a notification unit is also an access control device.
- the selection unit is a signal in communication between wireless devices, and the location information where the access control device that has notified the empty slot information referred to by the wireless device is installed, and the empty slot information referred to by the wireless device.
- the access control device based on the acquisition unit that receives from the wireless device a signal including notification slot information related to the slot in which the notification is made, and the identification information and the notification slot information included in the signal received by the acquisition unit , An estimation unit that estimates a slot that is not used by the access control apparatus, and an execution unit that selects a slot based on an estimation result in the estimation unit.
- Still another aspect of the present invention is a notification method.
- This method is a notification method in an access control device that controls communication between wireless devices, and is defined such that a frame including at least a plurality of slots is repeated, and among the plurality of slots included in the frame Are reserved for the use of the access control device, and a step of detecting a slot usable for communication between wireless devices from the remaining of the plurality of slots, and empty slot information relating to the detected slot are provided.
- a step of selecting a slot from a part of the plurality of slots for notification, and a step of notifying empty slot information and identification information for identifying the access control device in the selected slot. Prepare.
- the selecting step is a signal in communication between wireless devices, and the identification information of the access control device that has notified the empty slot information referred to by the wireless device and the empty slot information referred to by the wireless device are notified.
- Receiving a signal including broadcast slot information on the received slot from the wireless device, statistically analyzing identification information and broadcast slot information included in the received signal, and based on the analysis result And a step of estimating a slot that is not used by another access control apparatus in a part of the plurality of slots, and a step of selecting a slot based on the estimation result.
- Still another aspect of the present invention is also a notification method.
- This method is a notification method in an access control device that controls communication between wireless devices, and is defined such that a frame including at least a plurality of slots is repeated, and among the plurality of slots included in the frame Are reserved for the use of the access control device, and a step of detecting a slot usable for communication between wireless devices from the remaining of the plurality of slots, and empty slot information relating to the detected slot are provided.
- a step of selecting a slot from a part of the plurality of slots for notification, and a step of notifying empty slot information and identification information for identifying the access control device in the selected slot. Prepare.
- the selecting step is a signal in communication between wireless devices, and the location information where the access control device that has notified the empty slot information referred to by the wireless device is installed, and the empty slot referred to by the wireless device Based on the step of receiving from the wireless device a signal including broadcast slot information related to the slot for which information has been broadcast, and the identification information and broadcast slot information included in the received signal, A step of estimating a slot that is not used by the arranged access control apparatus, and a step of selecting a slot based on the estimation result.
- the collision probability of packet signals can be reduced even when the amount of communication increases.
- FIGS. 4A to 4D are diagrams showing the format of the frame defined in the frame defining unit of FIG.
- FIGS. 5 (a)-(b) are diagrams showing OFDM symbol formats used in the communication systems of FIGS.
- FIGS. 5 (a)-(b) are diagrams showing OFDM symbol formats used in the communication systems of FIGS.
- FIGS. 5 (a)-(b) are diagrams showing OFDM symbol formats used in the communication systems of FIGS.
- FIG. 4 It is a figure which shows another operation
- summary of the communication system of FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a control slot selection procedure in the access control apparatus of FIG. 3.
- 11 is a flowchart showing a control slot selection procedure based on carrier sense in FIG. 10. It is a flowchart which shows the selection procedure of the control slot by the control slot information and identification information of FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a procedure for notifying an empty slot in the access control apparatus of FIG. 3. 4 is a flowchart showing a collision slot notification procedure in the access control apparatus of FIG. 3. It is a flowchart which shows the transmission procedure of the data in the terminal device of FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the selection procedure of the control slot by the control slot information and identification information in the modification of this invention.
- An embodiment of the present invention relates to a communication system that performs data communication between terminal devices mounted on a vehicle.
- the terminal device broadcasts a packet signal that stores information such as the speed and position of the vehicle (hereinafter referred to as “data”). Further, the other terminal device receives the packet signal and recognizes the approach of the vehicle based on the data.
- the terminal apparatus employs the OFDM modulation scheme for the purpose of increasing the communication speed. Under such circumstances, when the number of terminal devices increases at an intersection or the like, the generation probability of a packet signal increases. In order to cope with this, the communication system according to the present embodiment executes the following processing.
- the communication system includes an access control device in addition to a plurality of terminal devices, and the access control device is installed at an intersection, for example.
- the access control apparatus repeatedly defines a frame including a plurality of slots. A part of the plurality of frames included in each frame is reserved as a control slot.
- the access control device specifies a slot that is not used for communication between a plurality of terminal devices (hereinafter referred to as “empty slot”) by measuring the received power in each slot.
- the empty slots are slots other than the control slot.
- the access control device includes frame configuration information and information regarding the specified slot in the control information, and a packet signal storing the control information (hereinafter, also referred to as “control information”) in one slot. Broadcast transmission.
- control information a packet signal storing the control information
- Broadcast transmission Here, one slot used for transmission of control information is selected from the control slots.
- the terminal device selects one of the empty slots based on the control information, and broadcasts a packet signal storing data (hereinafter also referred to as “data”) in the selected slot.
- data data
- the terminal device uses slots having the same relative timing in each frame.
- the access control device identifies a slot in which a collision occurs (hereinafter referred to as a “collision slot”) by measuring whether or not packet signals transmitted from a plurality of terminal devices collide in each slot.
- the collision slot is also a slot other than the control slot.
- the access control apparatus also includes information regarding the identified slot in the control information. Based on the control information, the terminal device confirms whether or not a collision has occurred in the already used slot. When a collision has occurred, the terminal device selects another free slot based on the control information.
- the access control apparatus does not directly participate in data communication between terminal apparatuses, and does not directly specify a slot to be used for data communication. To the last, the access control device monitors the status of data communication between terminal devices and reports information on empty slots and collision slots. That is, the access control device controls communication between a plurality of terminal devices.
- control information is also transmitted in one slot, there is a possibility that data transmitted from a terminal device that cannot receive control information collides with the control information. As a result, if other terminal devices cannot receive control information, it becomes difficult to execute the above processing.
- an OFDM signal used to transmit data data is not stored in some subcarriers and is set as a null carrier (hereinafter, such a subcarrier is referred to as an “identification carrier”. ").
- an OFDM signal used for transmitting control information a signal is also arranged on the identification carrier. Therefore, even if data and control information collide, the terminal device can detect the presence of control information by observing the signal component of the identification carrier.
- each access control device when an access control device is installed at each of nearby intersections, it is necessary to consider interference between these access control devices. If the control information broadcast from each access control device interferes, the terminal device may not be able to receive the control information, and the above-described operation cannot be realized. Such interference can be avoided by assigning different frequency channels to each access control device, but if no other frequency channel is provided, another configuration is required to reduce the interference. In order to cope with this, a plurality of the aforementioned control slots are secured. Each access control apparatus selects one control slot by performing carrier sense for each of a plurality of control slots, and broadcasts control information in the selected control slot.
- each access device broadcasts information for identifying the access device (hereinafter referred to as “identification information”) included in the control information.
- the terminal device broadcasts the data by including the information of the control slot (hereinafter referred to as “control slot information”) and the identification information in which the control information is transmitted.
- control slot information the information of the control slot
- the access device recognizes the control slot used by another access control device by receiving the data. Further, the access control apparatus selects a control slot in consideration of the recognized control slot.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a communication system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. This corresponds to a case where one intersection is viewed from above.
- the communication system 100 includes a first vehicle 12a, a second vehicle 12b, a third vehicle 12c, a fourth vehicle 12d, a fifth vehicle 12e, a sixth vehicle 12f, and a seventh vehicle 12g, which are collectively referred to as the access control device 10 and the vehicle 12.
- the 8th vehicle 12h is included.
- Each vehicle 12 is equipped with a terminal device (not shown). Further, an area 200 is formed by the access control device 10.
- the road that goes in the horizontal direction of the drawing that is, the left and right direction
- intersects the vertical direction of the drawing that is, the road that goes in the up and down direction, at the central portion.
- the upper side of the drawing corresponds to “north” in the direction
- the left side corresponds to “west” in the direction
- the lower side corresponds to “south” in the direction
- the right side corresponds to “east” in the direction.
- the intersection of the two roads is an “intersection”.
- the first vehicle 12a and the second vehicle 12b are traveling from left to right
- the third vehicle 12c and the fourth vehicle 12d are traveling from right to left.
- the fifth vehicle 12e and the sixth vehicle 12f are traveling from the top to the bottom
- the seventh vehicle 12g and the eighth vehicle 12h are traveling from the bottom to the top.
- the terminal device mounted on each vehicle 12 acquires data and broadcasts a packet signal storing the data.
- a packet signal storing the data.
- Each terminal device broadcasts and transmits data when it is determined that transmission is possible by executing carrier sense. Therefore, data from a plurality of terminal devices may collide.
- the probability of occurrence of a collision increases as the number of terminal devices increases. In particular, in a place such as an intersection, although a collision of the vehicle 12 is likely to occur, a data collision is also likely to occur, and data is not used in a place where data is required.
- the communication system 100 arranges the access control device 10 at the intersection.
- the access control device 10 generates a frame including a plurality of slots so as to be repeated based on a signal received from a GPS satellite (not shown). Further, the access control device 10 identifies an empty slot and a collision slot from among a plurality of slots. A method for identifying the empty slot and the collision slot will be described later.
- the access control device 10 includes information on the identified empty slot and collision slot in the control information. Furthermore, the access control apparatus 10 broadcasts control information in any of a plurality of control slots. The selection of the control slot will be described later.
- the plurality of terminal devices receive the control information notified by the access control device 10 and select one of the empty slots.
- the terminal device broadcasts data in the selected slot.
- the terminal device broadcasts data in a slot corresponding to the selected slot over a plurality of frames. For example, when the 10th slot from the beginning of the frame is selected, the 10th slot from the beginning of the frame is used in the next frame. Note that if the control information indicates that the slot used is a collision slot, the terminal device further selects another empty slot.
- the terminal device repeatedly executes the above process over a period in which the control information notified by the access control device 10 can be received. That is, the terminal device monitors the control information, and detects that it has entered the area 200 when it can receive the control information. In addition, even if it is a case where control information is not received, a terminal device may alert
- the terminal device that has received data from another terminal device recognizes the presence of the vehicle 12 on which the other terminal device is mounted based on the data.
- both the control information broadcast from the access control apparatus 10 and the data broadcast from the terminal apparatus use OFDM signals.
- the subcarriers in which both are arranged are not the same. Data is not placed on the aforementioned identification carrier.
- the identification information is arranged on the identification carrier in addition to the subcarrier on which the data is arranged. As a result, even if data and identification information collide, the terminal device can detect the presence of control information by observing the signal component of the identification carrier. Note that the detection of entry into the area 200 by the terminal device may be performed on the identification carrier.
- FIG. 2 shows another configuration of the communication system 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 corresponds to a case where two intersections shown in FIG. 1 are arranged side by side.
- a first access control device 10a and a second access control device 10b are installed at each intersection.
- the vehicle 12 shown in FIG. 1 is omitted in FIG.
- the first area 200a is formed by the first access control device 10a
- the second area 200b is formed by the second access control device 10b.
- the first area 200a and the second area 200b partially overlap each other.
- the terminal device mounted on the vehicle 12 can receive control information from the first access control device 10a and control information from the second access control device 10b. . Therefore, a configuration for reducing interference with the control information from the two access control apparatuses 10 is required. Specifically, this will be described below.
- FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the access control apparatus 10.
- the access control device 10 includes an antenna 20, an RF unit 22, a modem unit 24, a processing unit 26, a GPS positioning unit 28, and a control unit 30.
- the processing unit 26 includes a detection unit 32, a frame definition unit 34, a generation unit 36, and a selection unit 110.
- the detection unit 32 includes a power measurement unit 38, a quality measurement unit 40, an empty slot identification unit 42, and a collision slot identification. Part 44 is included.
- the selection unit 110 includes an information acquisition unit 112, an analysis unit 114, an estimation unit 116, a carrier sense unit 118, and an execution unit 120.
- the GPS positioning unit 28 receives a signal from a GPS satellite (not shown), and acquires time information based on the received signal. In addition, since a well-known technique should just be used for acquisition of time information, description is abbreviate
- the GPS positioning unit 28 outputs time information to the frame defining unit 34.
- the frame defining unit 34 acquires time information from the GPS positioning unit 28.
- the frame defining unit 34 generates a plurality of frames based on the time information. For example, the frame defining unit 34 generates 10 frames of “100 msec” by dividing the period of “1 sec” into 10 with reference to the timing of “0 msec”. By repeating such processing, the frame is defined to be repeated.
- the frame defining unit 34 generates a plurality of slots by dividing each frame into a plurality of frames. For example, by dividing each frame into 200, 200 “500 ⁇ sec” slots are generated. Here, some of the plurality of slots included in the frame are reserved as “control slots”. For example, among the 200 slots included in one frame, the first five slots are set as control slots.
- the control slot can be said to be a slot used for the access control apparatus 10 to notify control information.
- each slot is defined to be composed of a plurality of OFDM symbols.
- the OFDM symbol is composed of a guard interval (GI) and a valid symbol.
- GI guard interval
- a guard time may be provided in the front part or the rear part of each slot.
- a group of a plurality of OFDM symbols included in the slot corresponds to the aforementioned packet signal.
- FIG. 4 (a)-(d) show the frame format defined by the frame defining unit 34.
- FIG. FIG. 4A shows a frame configuration. As shown in the figure, it is defined that a plurality of frames are repeated such as the i-th frame to the (i + 2) -th frame. The period of each frame is “100 msec”, for example.
- FIG. 4B shows the configuration of one frame. As shown in the figure, one frame is composed of M slots. For example, M is “200”, and the period of each slot is “500 ⁇ sec”.
- a slot arranged at the head portion of the frame corresponds to a control slot, and a section where the control slot is arranged is shown as a control area 220.
- FIG. 4C shows the configuration of one slot. As shown in the figure, guard times are provided at the front portion and the rear portion of the slot. The remaining period of the slot is composed of N OFDM symbols.
- FIG. 4D shows the configuration of one OFDM symbol. As shown in the figure, one OFDM symbol is composed of a GI and an effective symbol.
- the RF unit 22 receives from the antenna 20 a packet signal transmitted in communication between other terminal devices (not shown) in each slot as reception processing. Note that the RF unit 22 also receives a packet signal including control information from another access control apparatus 10 (not shown) in each control slot included in the control area 220 as a reception process. The RF unit 22 performs frequency conversion on a radio frequency packet signal received via the antenna 20 to generate a baseband packet signal. Further, the RF unit 22 outputs a baseband packet signal to the modem unit 24. In general, baseband packet signals are formed by in-phase and quadrature components, so two signal lines should be shown, but here only one signal line is shown for clarity. Shall be shown.
- the RF unit 22 includes an LNA (Low Noise Amplifier), a mixer, an AGC, and an A / D conversion unit. As the transmission processing, the RF unit 22 performs frequency conversion on the baseband packet signal input from the modem unit 24 in each slot to generate a radio frequency packet signal. Further, the RF unit 22 transmits a radio frequency packet signal from the antenna 20.
- the RF unit 22 also includes a PA (Power Amplifier), a mixer, and a D / A conversion unit.
- the modem unit 24 demodulates the baseband packet signal from the RF unit 22 as a reception process. Further, the modem unit 24 outputs the demodulated result to the processing unit 26. The modem unit 24 also modulates the data from the processing unit 26 as a transmission process. Further, the modem unit 24 outputs the modulated result to the RF unit 22 as a baseband packet signal.
- the modem unit 24 since the communication system 100 corresponds to the OFDM modulation scheme, the modem unit 24 also executes FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) as a reception process, and also executes IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform) as a transmission process.
- FFT Fast Fourier Transform
- IFFT Inverse Fast Fourier Transform
- the carrier sense unit 118 performs carrier sense for each control slot in the control area 220. That is, the control area 220 receives a received signal for each control slot from the RF unit 22 or the modem unit 24 and measures received power. As a result, the carrier sense unit 118 measures the received power for each of the plurality of control slots. Further, the carrier sense unit 118 stores a control slot threshold value in advance, and compares the received power with the control slot threshold value for each control slot. The carrier sense unit 118 selects a control slot having a reception power smaller than the control slot threshold value. The carrier sense unit 118 outputs the selected control slot number to the estimation unit 116.
- the information acquisition unit 112 receives from the modulation / demodulation unit 24 a packet signal in communication between a plurality of terminal devices (not shown), that is, a packet signal broadcast from a predetermined terminal device.
- the information acquisition unit 112 receives a packet signal in a slot other than the control area 220 in the frame.
- the packet signal includes identification information and control slot information.
- the control information is information for identifying the access control apparatus 10 that has notified the control information referred to by the terminal apparatus that has transmitted the packet signal. As a premise, it is assumed that identification information is included in the control information broadcasted by each access control apparatus 10.
- the identification information corresponds to the position information where the access control device 10 is set.
- the position information is indicated by latitude / longitude, and the latitude / longitude is used as identification information. Further, a part of latitude / longitude, for example, a lower part may be used for the identification information.
- the control slot information is information related to the control slot in which the control information referred to by the terminal device that transmitted the packet signal is broadcast, and corresponds to the slot number in which the control information is arranged. For example, in FIG. 4B, it is shown as “second slot”.
- the information acquisition unit 112 outputs the identification information and the control slot information to the analysis unit 114.
- the analysis unit 114 sequentially acquires combinations of identification information and control slot information from the information acquisition unit 112.
- the analysis unit 114 statistically analyzes the combination of identification information and broadcast slot information. More specifically, the analysis unit 114 accumulates the number of acquisitions for each combination over a predetermined period. In addition, the analysis unit 114 determines a threshold value for the number of times in advance, and compares the number of acquisition times with the threshold value for the number of times for each combination. Furthermore, the analysis unit 114 extracts a combination corresponding to the number of acquisition times that is larger than the number-of-times threshold.
- the analysis unit 114 derives position information from the identification information included in the combination.
- the analysis unit 114 stores in advance position information where the access control apparatus 10 is installed, and derives a distance between the two based on the position information of both. Furthermore, the analysis unit 114 stores a distance threshold value in advance, and compares the distance with the distance threshold value.
- the analysis unit 114 is a combination for the access control device 10 having a distance larger than the distance threshold, that is, a combination for the access control device 10 installed at a position farther from the distance control threshold than the distance threshold. Are excluded from accumulation.
- the analysis unit 114 outputs the extracted combination to the estimation unit 116.
- the estimation unit 116 receives the number of the selected control slot from the carrier sense unit 118 and also receives the combination extracted as the analysis result from the analysis unit 114. Based on the control slot information included in the combination, the analysis unit 114 identifies a control slot that is not used by another access control apparatus 10. Specifically, a control slot other than the slot number indicated in the control slot information is specified. Furthermore, the estimation unit 116 estimates a control slot that is not used by another access control device in the control region 220 based on the specified control slot and the control slot selected by the carrier sense unit 118. Specifically, the control slot which is the specified control slot and selected by the carrier sense unit 118 is set as an unused control slot. Here, there may be a plurality of unused control slots. The estimation unit 116 outputs the estimation result to the execution unit 120.
- the execution unit 120 receives the estimation result from the estimation unit 116 and selects one of the unused control slots. The selection may be made by an arbitrary method. That is, the execution unit 120 selects one control slot from the control area 220 in order to notify the control information.
- the antenna 20 outputs information regarding the selected control slot to the generation unit 36.
- the power measuring unit 38 receives the received signal from the RF unit 22 or the modem unit 24 and measures the received power.
- the received power is measured in slot units.
- the slot corresponds to a slot other than the control slot. Therefore, the power measuring unit 38 measures the received power for each of the plurality of slots.
- the power measuring unit 38 outputs the received power in slot units to the empty slot specifying unit 42 and the collision slot specifying unit 44.
- the quality measuring unit 40 receives the demodulation result from the modem unit 24 and measures the signal quality for each of the plurality of slots.
- the error rate is measured as the signal quality.
- the slot corresponds to a slot other than the control slot.
- EVM Error Vector Magnetode
- the empty slot identifying unit 42 receives the received power in slot units from the power measuring unit 38.
- the empty slot specifying unit 42 compares each received power with a threshold (hereinafter referred to as “empty slot threshold”), and specifies a slot whose received power is smaller than the empty slot threshold. That is, the empty slot specifying unit 42 detects a slot that can be used for communication between a plurality of terminal devices as an empty slot from a plurality of slots other than the control area 220. Here, when there are a plurality of empty slots, the empty slot specifying unit 42 specifies them.
- the empty slot specifying unit 42 outputs information regarding the specified empty slot to the generating unit 36.
- the collision slot specifying unit 44 receives the received power for each slot from the power measuring unit 38 and receives the error rate for each slot from the quality measuring unit 40.
- the collision slot specifying unit 44 associates the received power with the error rate for each slot.
- the collision slot identifying unit 44 compares the received power with the first threshold value and compares the error rate with the second threshold value for each slot.
- the collision slot identifying unit 44 identifies, as a collision slot, a slot whose received power is larger than the first threshold and whose error rate is worse than the second threshold. That is, the collision slot specifying unit 44 recognizes a slot having a large received power but having deteriorated communication quality as a collision slot.
- the collision slot specifying unit 44 detects, as a collision slot, a slot in which a collision has occurred due to a plurality of terminal apparatuses transmitting signals in duplicate.
- the collision slot identification unit 44 outputs information regarding the identified collision slot to the generation unit 36.
- the generation unit 36 receives information on empty slots from the empty slot specifying unit 42 and receives information on collision slots from the collision slot specifying unit 44.
- the generation unit 36 generates control information while including information regarding empty slots and information regarding collision slots.
- each of the plurality of slots included in the frame is assigned a number (hereinafter referred to as “slot number”) that is “1” and “2” in order from the front.
- the generation unit 36 includes the slot number of the empty slot included in the previous frame as information on the empty slot in the control information.
- the generation unit 36 includes the slot number of the collision slot included in the previous frame as information on the collision slot in the control information.
- the generation unit 36 stores the identification information of the access control apparatus 10, includes the identification information in the control information, receives information on the control slot from the execution unit 120, and controls information on the control slot. Include in information. Since the identification information is as described above, description thereof is omitted here.
- the generation unit 36 receives information on frames and slots from the frame definition unit 34. The generation unit 36 periodically assigns control information to the control slot indicated in the information regarding the control slot. The generation unit 36 outputs control information to the modem unit 24 in the assigned control slot.
- the generation unit 36 since the communication system 100 supports the OFDM modulation scheme, the generation unit 36 generates control information as an OFDM signal.
- An OFDM signal is also used for data communication between a plurality of terminal devices (not shown).
- control information an OFDM signal for arranging control information
- data an OFDM signal for arranging data
- FIGS. 5A to 5B show OFDM symbol formats used in the communication system 100.
- FIG. FIG. 5A corresponds to control information
- FIG. 5B corresponds to data.
- the vertical direction indicates the frequency and the horizontal direction indicates the time.
- numbers “31”, “30”,..., “ ⁇ 32” are shown in order from the top. These numbers are given to identify subcarriers (hereinafter referred to as “subcarriers”). Carrier number). Also, in the OFDM signal, the frequency of the subcarrier of subcarrier number “31” is the highest, and the frequency of the subcarrier of subcarrier number “ ⁇ 32” is the lowest.
- “D” corresponds to a data symbol
- P corresponds to a pilot symbol
- N corresponds to null.
- subcarriers with subcarrier numbers “31” to “27”, “2”, “0”, “ ⁇ 2”, “ ⁇ 26” to “ ⁇ 32” are null. is there.
- subcarriers with subcarrier numbers “26” to “3” and “ ⁇ 3” to “ ⁇ 25” are also used in data, and the use of symbols is the same for both.
- subcarrier numbers “1” and “ ⁇ 1” of the control information are not used in the data. These correspond to the aforementioned identification carrier. That is, the identification carrier is arranged on a subcarrier near the center frequency in the OFDM signal.
- a guard band is provided between the subcarrier used in the data and the identification carrier in the control information, that is, the subcarrier numbers “2” and “ ⁇ 2”.
- the subcarriers with subcarrier numbers “ ⁇ 2” to “2” may be collectively referred to as “identification carriers”.
- the generation unit 36 arranges information on empty slots and information on collision slots on subcarriers other than the identification carrier in the control information. Moreover, the production
- a known signal is arranged in the OFDM symbol in front of the packet signal. Such a known signal is used for AGC in the terminal device and estimation of transmission path characteristics. The generation unit 36 may arrange the known signal on the identification carrier over a period of a part of the predetermined slot. Such a known signal is used like UW (Unique Word), for example.
- the modem unit 24 and the RF unit 22 notify the control information generated by the generation unit 36 from the antenna 20.
- the terminal device using the slot according to the information regarding the empty slot and the information regarding the collision slot included in the control information uses the slot corresponding to the slot over a plurality of frames. For example, the slot with the slot number “10” is continuously used.
- the control unit 30 controls processing of the entire access control apparatus 10.
- This configuration can be realized in terms of hardware by a CPU, memory, or other LSI of any computer, and in terms of software, it can be realized by a program loaded in the memory, but here it is realized by their cooperation.
- Draw functional blocks Accordingly, those skilled in the art will understand that these functional blocks can be realized in various forms by hardware only, software only, or a combination thereof.
- FIG. 6 shows the configuration of the terminal device 14 mounted on the vehicle 12.
- the terminal device 14 includes an antenna 50, an RF unit 52, a modem unit 54, a processing unit 56, and a control unit 58.
- the processing unit 56 includes a timing specifying unit 60, an acquiring unit 62, a generating unit 64, and a notification unit 70, and the timing specifying unit 60 includes a control information extracting unit 66 and a slot determining unit 68.
- the antenna 50, the RF unit 52, and the modem unit 54 execute the same processing as the antenna 20, the RF unit 22, and the modem unit 24 in FIG. Therefore, these descriptions are omitted here.
- the acquisition unit 62 includes a GPS receiver (not shown), a gyroscope, a vehicle speed sensor, and the like. Based on data supplied from the GPS receiver, a vehicle 12 (not shown), that is, a vehicle 12 on which the terminal device 14 is mounted, Get direction, speed, etc. The existence position is indicated by latitude and longitude. Since a known technique may be used for these acquisitions, description thereof is omitted here.
- the acquisition unit 62 outputs the acquired information to the generation unit 64.
- the control information extraction unit 66 receives the demodulation result from the modem unit 54. Further, the control information extraction unit 66 monitors the subcarrier portion corresponding to the identification carrier in the demodulation result. When valid data is included in the subcarrier portion corresponding to the identification carrier, the control information extraction unit 66 recognizes that the slot including the control information, that is, the control slot is received. Further, the control information extraction unit 66 establishes frame and slot synchronization with reference to the timing at which the slot including the control information is received.
- control information extraction unit 66 identifies a control slot in which the received demodulation result is arranged based on information on the control slot included in the control information, and generates a frame based on this control slot. . Furthermore, the control information extraction unit 66 acquires information on empty slots, information on collision slots, and identification information from the control information. The control information extraction unit 66 outputs the information regarding the empty slot and the information regarding the collision slot to the slot determination unit 68. The control information extraction unit 66 outputs information on the control slot as control slot information to the slot determination unit 68 and also outputs identification information to the slot determination unit 68.
- the slot determination unit 68 receives information on empty slots and information on collision slots from the control information extraction unit 66.
- the slot determination unit 68 also receives control slot information and identification information from the control information extraction unit 66.
- the slot determination unit 68 selects one empty slot from slots other than the control area 220 in the frame based on the information regarding the empty slot. It should be noted that an empty slot may be selected arbitrarily.
- the slot determination unit 68 outputs information on the selected empty slot, control slot information, and identification information to the generation unit 64.
- the generation unit 64 receives information from the acquisition unit 62 and also receives control slot information and control information from the slot determination unit 68.
- the generation unit 64 generates data based on the information.
- the data is formed as shown in FIG. 5B, and the data includes control slot information and control information.
- the generation unit 64 receives an instruction regarding an empty slot from the slot determination unit 68 and outputs data to the modulation / demodulation unit 54 in an empty slot corresponding to the instruction.
- the processor 56 may perform carrier sense before outputting data.
- the generation unit 64 outputs data in the slot having the same slot number in the next frame.
- the control information extraction unit 66 continues to acquire information on empty slots and information on collision slots from the control information for each frame.
- the slot determination unit 68 confirms whether the slot number corresponding to the currently used slot is not a collision slot based on the information on the collision slot. If the slot is not a collision slot, the slot determination unit 68 continues to output the same slot number as before to the generation unit 64. On the other hand, if the slot is determined to be a collision slot, the slot determination unit 68 selects one empty slot again based on the information regarding the empty slot. That is, a slot different from the slot selected so far is selected. The slot determination unit 68 outputs information regarding the selected empty slot to the generation unit 64. Thereafter, the generation unit 64 performs the same processing.
- the notification unit 70 acquires data from another terminal device 14 (not shown), and notifies the driver of the approach of another vehicle 12 (not shown) according to the contents of the data.
- the processing in the notification unit 70 is not limited to this.
- the control unit 58 controls the operation of the entire terminal device 14.
- FIG. 7 shows an outline of the operation of the communication system 100.
- the horizontal direction in the drawing corresponds to time, and the first access control device 10a to the third access control device 10c are shown in the vertical direction in the drawing.
- FIG. 7 shows only the control area 220 in FIG. As described above, here, it is assumed that five control slots are arranged in the control area 220. “Control” in the figure corresponds to control information.
- the first access control device 10a uses the first control slot
- the second access control device 10b uses the fifth control slot
- the third access control device 10c uses the third control slot.
- interference between control information broadcast from each access control apparatus 10 is reduced.
- FIG. 8 shows another operation outline of the communication system 100.
- the horizontal direction in the figure corresponds to time, and three frames from the i-th frame to the i + 2th frame are shown as described in the uppermost stage. For the sake of clarity, it is assumed that one control slot is included in one frame and 15 slots are included in one frame.
- the access control device 10 broadcasts control information in the first slot of each frame.
- Control in the figure corresponds to control information.
- information on empty slots and information on collision slots included in the control information are shown while being associated with the slots.
- “Empty” in the figure corresponds to an empty slot, and “attack” corresponds to a collision slot.
- the lower part shows the timing at which the first terminal device 14a to the fourth terminal device 14d notify the data.
- “De” in the figure corresponds to data.
- the first terminal device 14a to the fourth terminal device 14d refer to the control information and select an empty slot.
- the first terminal device 14a to the fourth terminal device 14d broadcast data in the selected empty slot.
- the access control device 10 detects the occurrence of a collision in the slot.
- the control information broadcast from the access control device 10 indicates the slot in which the collision occurred as information on the collision slot.
- the slots having the same slot number are used again.
- the third terminal device 14c and the fourth terminal device 14d select another empty slot again because a collision has occurred in the already used slot.
- the third terminal device 14c and the fourth terminal device 14d notify the data in the selected empty slot. Since all data does not collide, the collision slot is not indicated in the control information broadcast from the access control apparatus 10 in the (i + 2) th frame. Therefore, in the (i + 2) th frame, the first terminal device 14a to the fourth terminal device 14d use again the slot having the same slot number as the already used slot.
- FIG. 9 shows still another operation outline of the communication system 100.
- FIG. 9 is shown similarly to FIG.
- the second terminal apparatus 14b has not received control information from the access control apparatus 10 as a premise. Therefore, the second terminal apparatus 14b transmits data without grasping the frame configuration.
- the access control device 10 broadcasts control information in the first slot of the frame.
- the second terminal apparatus 14b broadcasts data in the first slot of the frame.
- control information and data collide in the slot.
- the first terminal device 14a, the third terminal device 14c, and the fourth terminal device 14d can control information by observing the signal component of the identification carrier in the control information even when a collision occurs. The presence of can be detected.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a control slot selection procedure in the access control apparatus 10.
- the carrier sense unit 118 performs slot selection by carrier sense (S100).
- the information acquisition unit 112, analysis unit 114, estimation unit 116, and carrier sense unit 118 execute slot selection based on the control slot information and the identification information (S102).
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a control slot selection procedure based on carrier sense. This corresponds to the processing in step 100 of FIG.
- the number of control slots included in the control area 220 is “s ⁇ 1”.
- the carrier sense unit 118 sets the slot number m to 1 (S120).
- the carrier sense unit 118 measures received power (S122). If the received power is smaller than the control slot threshold (Y in S124), the carrier sense unit 118 identifies the slot with the slot number m as empty (S126). If the received power is not smaller than the control slot threshold (N in S124), the carrier sense unit 118 skips the process of step 126.
- the carrier sense unit 118 adds 1 to the slot number m (S130) and returns to step 122. On the other hand, if the slot number m is the maximum number s-1 (Y in S128), the process is terminated.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a control slot selection procedure based on control slot information and identification information. This corresponds to the processing in step 102 of FIG.
- the analysis unit 114 integrates the number of acquisitions in a certain period using the control slot information and the identification information as one combination (S150). If there is a combination in which the integrated value of the number of acquisitions is larger than the threshold for the number of times (Y in S152), the analysis unit 114 extracts the combination (S154). If there is a combination that is further than the distance threshold (Y in S156), the analysis unit 114 excludes the combination (S158). If there is no combination farther than the distance threshold (N in S156), step 158 is skipped.
- the estimation unit 116 identifies an empty slot (S160).
- step 154 to 160 the processing from step 154 to 160 is skipped.
- the execution unit 120 selects a slot reflecting the carrier sense result (S162).
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a procedure for notifying an empty slot in the access control apparatus 10.
- the detector 32 sets the slot number m to s (S10).
- the power measuring unit 38 measures received power (S12). If the received power is smaller than the empty slot threshold (Y in S14), the empty slot specifying unit 42 specifies the slot with the slot number m as an empty slot (S16). If the received power is not smaller than the empty slot threshold (N in S14), the empty slot specifying unit 42 skips the process of step 16. If the slot number m is not the maximum number M (N in S18), the detection unit 32 adds 1 to the slot number m (S20) and returns to Step 12. On the other hand, if the slot number m is the maximum number M (Y in S18), the generation unit 36 includes the slot number of the empty slot in the control information (S22). The modem unit 24 and the RF unit 22 notify the control information (S24).
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a collision slot notification procedure in the access control apparatus 10.
- the detection unit 32 sets the slot number m to s (S40).
- the power measuring unit 38 measures the received power, and the quality measuring unit 40 measures the error rate (S42). If the received power is greater than the first threshold and the error rate is greater than the second threshold (Y in S44), the collision slot identifying unit 44 identifies the slot with the slot number m as a collision slot (S46). ). If the received power is not greater than the first threshold value or the error rate is not greater than the second threshold value (N in S44), the collision slot specifying unit 44 skips the process of step 46.
- the detection unit 32 adds 1 to the slot number m (S50), and returns to Step 42.
- the generation unit 36 includes the slot number of the collision slot in the control information (S52).
- the modem unit 24 and the RF unit 22 notify the control information (S54).
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing a data transmission procedure in the terminal device 14.
- the control information extraction unit 66 acquires control information (S70). If the slot to be used has already been specified (Y in S72), the slot determination unit 68 checks whether or not a collision has occurred in the slot. If a collision has occurred (Y in S74), the slot determining unit 68 changes the slot (S76). If no collision has occurred (N in S74), step 76 is skipped. On the other hand, if the slot to be used is not already specified (N in S72), the slot determining unit 68 specifies an empty slot (S78). The generation unit 64 transmits data while including the control slot information and the identification information in the specified slot (S80).
- the communication system 100 according to the modification includes a plurality of access control devices 10 as with the communication system 100 according to the embodiment.
- the analysis unit 114 of the access control apparatus 10 according to the embodiment identifies empty control slots by accumulating combinations, that is, by executing statistical processing. On the other hand, the analysis unit 114 in the modification does not execute statistical processing.
- the communication system 100 according to the modified example is the same as in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the access control device 10 according to the modified example is the same as in FIG. 3, and the terminal device 14 according to the modified example is the same as in FIG. is there. Therefore, here, the difference will be mainly described.
- the analysis unit 114 sequentially acquires combinations of identification information and control slot information from the information acquisition unit 112.
- the analysis unit 114 derives position information from the identification information included in the combination.
- the analysis unit 114 stores in advance position information where the access control apparatus 10 is installed, and derives a distance between the two based on the position information of both. Furthermore, the analysis unit 114 stores a distance threshold value in advance, and compares the distance with the distance threshold value.
- the analysis unit 114 is a combination for the access control device 10 having a distance larger than the distance threshold, that is, a combination for the access control device 10 installed at a position farther from the distance control threshold than the distance threshold. Is excluded.
- the analysis unit 114 outputs the remaining combinations to the estimation unit 116.
- FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing a control slot selection procedure based on control slot information and identification information in a modification of the present invention. This corresponds to the processing in step 102 of FIG.
- the analysis unit 114 acquires the control slot information and the identification information as one combination (S180). If there is a combination that is further than the distance threshold (Y in S182), the analysis unit 114 excludes the combination (S184). If there is no combination farther than the distance threshold (N in S182), step 184 is skipped.
- the estimation unit 116 identifies an empty slot (S186).
- the execution unit 120 selects a slot reflecting the carrier sense result (S188).
- a slot usable for communication between a plurality of terminal devices is notified from among a plurality of slots, it is possible to reduce the probability of occurrence of a collision in communication between the plurality of terminal devices.
- the probability of collision in communication between a plurality of terminal devices is reduced, the collision probability of packet signals can be reduced even when the amount of communication increases.
- empty slots are identified based on the received power for each of the plurality of slots, the identification can be easily performed.
- the number of the empty slot included in the previous frame is notified, the instruction to the terminal device can be surely executed.
- the terminal device using the empty slot uses a slot corresponding to the slot over a plurality of frames, the processing can be simplified.
- the access control device does not participate in the data communication between the terminal devices, but only notifies the index relating to the empty slot, it can be easily applied to a communication system based on CSMA / CA.
- a probability of occurrence of a collision in communication between the plurality of terminal devices can be reduced.
- the collision slot is specified based on the received power for each of the plurality of slots and the signal quality for each of the plurality of slots, the specification can be easily performed.
- the instruction to the terminal device can be reliably executed.
- the access control apparatus since the access control apparatus does not participate in data communication between terminal apparatuses and only notifies an index related to a collision slot, the access control apparatus can be easily applied to a communication system based on CSMA / CA.
- the identification carrier is not used for data, and the remaining subcarriers are also used for data. Therefore, even if the control information collides with the data signal, the signal component of the control information is observed. Thus, the presence of control information can be detected.
- a guard band is provided between the identification carrier and other subcarriers, interference between the two can be reduced, and the arrival probability of information transmitted on the identification carrier can be improved.
- important information is arranged on the identification carrier, the arrival probability of important information can be improved.
- UW is arrange
- control area is reserved for the control slot among the plurality of slots included in the frame, interference between control information and data can be reduced.
- a plurality of control slots are arranged in the control area, it is possible to reduce interference between control information from a plurality of access control apparatuses.
- interference can be reduced, deterioration of the quality of control information can be suppressed.
- the content of control information can be transmitted accurately.
- the contents of the control information are transmitted accurately, it is possible to accurately notify the empty slot information and the like.
- interference between a plurality of control information is reduced, a plurality of access control devices can be installed.
- the packet signal collision probability at each intersection can be reduced.
- a control slot that is not used by another access control apparatus is estimated, interference between a plurality of pieces of control information can be reduced.
- the information and identification information about the selected control slot are included in the control information, the information about the selected control slot and the identification information can be notified to the terminal device.
- information regarding the selected control slot is included in the control information, any one of the plurality of control slots can be freely used.
- the control slot information and the identification information are received from the terminal device, it is possible to indirectly recognize the presence of the access control device that cannot directly recognize the presence.
- the existence of an access control device that cannot directly recognize the presence is indirectly recognized, the hidden terminal problem can be solved.
- the presence of an access control device that cannot directly recognize the presence can be indirectly recognized, the accuracy of selection of the control slot can be improved.
- the accuracy of control slot selection is improved, interference between a plurality of pieces of control information can be reduced.
- the statistical processing is executed for the combination of the control slot information and the identification information, the estimation accuracy of the vacant control slot can be improved.
- the number of selectable control slots can be increased while suppressing deterioration in quality due to interference. Further, since the number of selectable control slots is increased, the degree of freedom in selecting control slots can be improved.
- a control slot that is not used by an access control device other than a remote access control device is selected, interference between a plurality of pieces of control information can be reduced.
- the frame defining unit 34 defines a frame formed by a plurality of slots.
- the frame defining unit 34 may provide periods other than a plurality of slots in the frame.
- a plurality of slots may be arranged in a partial period of the frame, and CSMA / CA may be performed between the plurality of terminal apparatuses 14 in the remaining period.
- the access control apparatus 10 does not detect an empty slot or a collision slot during the CSMA / CA period.
- the terminal device 14 can select communication by slot and communication by CSMA / CA, the degree of freedom of communication can be improved. That is, the frame only needs to include at least a plurality of slots.
- control information notified from the access control device 10 and data notified from one terminal device 14 are allocated to one slot.
- control information and data may be assigned to two or more slots. According to this modification, the communication speed of control information and data can be improved.
- the identification carrier corresponds to two subcarriers. Further, the identification carrier is arranged on a subcarrier near the center frequency of the OFDM symbol. However, the present invention is not limited to this.
- the identification carrier may correspond to two or more subcarriers, and the identification carrier may be arranged on a subcarrier other than the vicinity of the center frequency of the OFDM symbol.
- the identification carrier may include information on empty slots and information on collision slots. According to this modification, the degree of freedom in designing the communication system 100 can be improved.
- the identification information of the access control device 10 is associated with the location information of the access control device 10.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the identification information may be given regardless of the position information. According to this modification, it is possible to improve the degree of freedom of giving identification information. That is, different identification information may be given to different access control apparatuses 10.
- the collision probability of packet signals can be reduced even when the amount of communication increases.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (13)
- 無線装置間の通信を制御するアクセス制御装置であって、
複数のスロットを少なくとも含んだフレームが繰り返されるように規定され、かつフレームに含まれた複数のスロットのうちの一部がアクセス制御装置の使用のために確保されており、複数のスロットのうちの残りから、無線装置間の通信に使用可能なスロットを検出する検出部と、
前記検出部において検出したスロットに関する情報を報知するために、複数のスロットのうちの一部からスロットを選択する選択部と、
前記選択部において選択したスロットにて、前記検出部において検出したスロットに関する情報を報知する報知部と、
を備えることを特徴とするアクセス制御装置。 - 複数のスロットのうちの一部において、他のアクセス制御装置に使用されていないスロットを推定する推定部をさらに備え、
前記選択部は、前記推定部における推定結果をもとに、スロットを選択することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のアクセス制御装置。 - 無線装置間の通信を制御するアクセス制御装置での報知方法であって、
複数のスロットを少なくとも含んだフレームが繰り返されるように規定され、かつフレームに含まれた複数のスロットのうちの一部がアクセス制御装置の使用のために確保されており、複数のスロットのうちの残りから、無線装置間の通信に使用可能なスロットを検出するステップと、
検出したスロットに関する情報を報知するために、複数のスロットのうちの一部からスロットを選択するステップと、
選択したスロットにて、検出したスロットに関する情報を報知するステップと、
を備えることを特徴とする報知方法。 - 無線装置間の通信を制御するアクセス制御装置であって、
複数のスロットを少なくとも含んだフレームが繰り返されるように規定され、かつフレームに含まれた複数のスロットのうちの一部がアクセス制御装置の使用のために確保されており、複数のスロットのうちの残りから、無線装置間の通信に使用可能なスロットを検出する検出部と、
前記検出部において検出したスロットに関する空きスロット情報を報知するために、複数のスロットのうちの一部からスロットを選択する選択部と、
前記選択部において選択したスロットにて、空きスロット情報と、本アクセス制御装置を識別するための識別情報とを報知する報知部と、
を備えることを特徴とするアクセス制御装置。 - 無線装置間の通信における信号であって、かつ無線装置にて参照された空きスロット情報を報知したアクセス制御装置の識別情報と、無線装置にて参照された空きスロット情報が報知されたスロットに関する報知スロット情報とを含んだ信号を無線装置から受信する受信部と、
前記受信部において受信した信号に含まれた識別情報と報知スロット情報とをもとに、複数のスロットのうちの一部において、他のアクセス制御装置に使用されていないスロットを推定する推定部をさらに備え、
前記選択部は、前記推定部における推定結果をもとに、スロットを選択することを特徴とする請求項4に記載のアクセス制御装置。 - 他の無線装置へ信号を報知する無線装置であって、
複数のスロットを少なくとも含んだフレームが繰り返されるように規定され、かつフレームに含まれた複数のスロットのうちの一部がアクセス制御装置の使用のために確保されており、複数のスロットのうちの一部に含まれたスロットにて、無線装置間の通信に使用可能なスロットに関する空きスロット情報と、報知元のアクセス制御装置を識別するための識別情報とが含まれた信号をアクセス制御装置から受信する受信部と、
前記受信部において受信した信号に含まれた空きスロット情報をもとに、複数のスロットのうちの残りからスロットを選択する選択部と、
前記選択部において選択したスロットにおいて、前記受信部において受信した信号に含まれた識別情報と、前記受信部において受信した信号が報知されたスロットに関する報知スロット情報とを含めながら、信号を報知する報知部と、
を備えることを特徴とする無線装置。 - 無線装置間の通信を制御するアクセス制御装置での報知方法であって、
複数のスロットを少なくとも含んだフレームが繰り返されるように規定され、かつフレームに含まれた複数のスロットのうちの一部がアクセス制御装置の使用のために確保されており、複数のスロットのうちの残りから、無線装置間の通信に使用可能なスロットを検出するステップと、
検出したスロットに関する空きスロット情報を報知するために、複数のスロットのうちの一部からスロットを選択するステップと、
選択したスロットにて、空きスロット情報と、本アクセス制御装置を識別するための識別情報とを報知するステップと、
を備えることを特徴とする報知方法。 - 他の無線装置へ信号を報知する無線装置での報知方法であって、
複数のスロットを少なくとも含んだフレームが繰り返されるように規定され、かつフレームに含まれた複数のスロットのうちの一部がアクセス制御装置の使用のために確保されており、複数のスロットのうちの一部に含まれたスロットにて、無線装置間の通信に使用可能なスロットに関する空きスロット情報と、報知元のアクセス制御装置を識別するための識別情報とが含まれた信号をアクセス制御装置から受信するステップと、
受信した信号に含まれた空きスロット情報をもとに、複数のスロットのうちの残りからスロットを選択するステップと、
選択したスロットにおいて、受信した信号に含まれた識別情報と、受信した信号が報知されたスロットに関する報知スロット情報とを含めながら、信号を報知するステップと、
を備えることを特徴とする報知方法。 - 無線装置間の通信を制御するアクセス制御装置であって、
複数のスロットを少なくとも含んだフレームが繰り返されるように規定され、かつフレームに含まれた複数のスロットのうちの一部がアクセス制御装置の使用のために確保されており、複数のスロットのうちの残りから、無線装置間の通信に使用可能なスロットを検出する検出部と、
前記検出部において検出したスロットに関する空きスロット情報を報知するために、複数のスロットのうちの一部からスロットを選択する選択部と、
前記選択部において選択したスロットにて、空きスロット情報と、本アクセス制御装置を識別するための識別情報とを報知する報知部とを備え、
前記選択部は、
無線装置間の通信における信号であって、かつ無線装置にて参照された空きスロット情報を報知したアクセス制御装置の識別情報と、無線装置にて参照された空きスロット情報が報知されたスロットに関する報知スロット情報とを含んだ信号を無線装置から受信する取得部と、
前記取得部において受信した信号に含まれた識別情報と報知スロット情報とを統計的に解析する解析部と、
前記解析部における解析結果をもとに、複数のスロットのうちの一部において、他のアクセス制御装置に使用されていないスロットを推定する推定部と、
前記推定部における推定結果をもとに、スロットを選択する実行部と、
を備えることを特徴とするアクセス制御装置。 - 前記取得部において受信した信号に含まれた識別情報は、アクセス制御装置が設定された位置情報に対応しており、
前記解析部は、位置情報をもとに、本アクセス制御装置から離れた位置に設置されたアクセス制御情報に対する識別情報と報知スロット情報とを解析の対象から除外することを特徴とする請求項9に記載のアクセス制御装置。 - 無線装置間の通信を制御するアクセス制御装置であって、
複数のスロットを少なくとも含んだフレームが繰り返されるように規定され、かつフレームに含まれた複数のスロットのうちの一部がアクセス制御装置の使用のために確保されており、複数のスロットのうちの残りから、無線装置間の通信に使用可能なスロットを検出する検出部と、
前記検出部において検出したスロットに関する空きスロット情報を報知するために、複数のスロットのうちの一部からスロットを選択する選択部と、
前記選択部において選択したスロットにて、空きスロット情報と、本アクセス制御装置を識別するための識別情報とを報知する報知部とを備え、
前記選択部は、
無線装置間の通信における信号であって、かつ無線装置にて参照された空きスロット情報を報知したアクセス制御装置が設置された位置情報と、無線装置にて参照された空きスロット情報が報知されたスロットに関する報知スロット情報とを含んだ信号を無線装置から受信する取得部と、
前記取得部において受信した信号に含まれた識別情報と報知スロット情報とをもとに、本アクセス制御装置の近傍に配置されたアクセス制御装置に使用されていないスロットを推定する推定部と、
前記推定部における推定結果をもとに、スロットを選択する実行部と、
を備えることを特徴とするアクセス制御装置。 - 無線装置間の通信を制御するアクセス制御装置での報知方法であって、
複数のスロットを少なくとも含んだフレームが繰り返されるように規定され、かつフレームに含まれた複数のスロットのうちの一部がアクセス制御装置の使用のために確保されており、複数のスロットのうちの残りから、無線装置間の通信に使用可能なスロットを検出するステップと、
検出したスロットに関する空きスロット情報を報知するために、複数のスロットのうちの一部からスロットを選択するステップと、
選択したスロットにて、空きスロット情報と、本アクセス制御装置を識別するための識別情報とを報知するステップとを備え、
前記選択するステップは、
無線装置間の通信における信号であって、かつ無線装置にて参照された空きスロット情報を報知したアクセス制御装置の識別情報と、無線装置にて参照された空きスロット情報が報知されたスロットに関する報知スロット情報とを含んだ信号を無線装置から受信するステップと、
受信した信号に含まれた識別情報と報知スロット情報とを統計的に解析するステップと、
解析結果をもとに、複数のスロットのうちの一部において、他のアクセス制御装置に使用されていないスロットを推定するステップと、
推定結果をもとに、スロットを選択するステップと、
を備えることを特徴とする報知方法。 - 無線装置間の通信を制御するアクセス制御装置での報知方法であって、
複数のスロットを少なくとも含んだフレームが繰り返されるように規定され、かつフレームに含まれた複数のスロットのうちの一部がアクセス制御装置の使用のために確保されており、複数のスロットのうちの残りから、無線装置間の通信に使用可能なスロットを検出するステップと、
検出したスロットに関する空きスロット情報を報知するために、複数のスロットのうちの一部からスロットを選択するステップと、
選択したスロットにて、空きスロット情報と、本アクセス制御装置を識別するための識別情報とを報知するステップとを備え、
前記選択するステップは、
無線装置間の通信における信号であって、かつ無線装置にて参照された空きスロット情報を報知したアクセス制御装置が設置された位置情報と、無線装置にて参照された空きスロット情報が報知されたスロットに関する報知スロット情報とを含んだ信号を無線装置から受信するステップと、
受信した信号に含まれた識別情報と報知スロット情報とをもとに、本アクセス制御装置の近傍に配置されたアクセス制御装置に使用されていないスロットを推定するステップと、
推定結果をもとに、スロットを選択するステップと、
を備えることを特徴とする報知方法。
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JP2002186020A (ja) * | 2001-10-24 | 2002-06-28 | Hitachi Ltd | 移動通信システムにおける制御信号送信方法 |
JP2004274321A (ja) * | 2003-03-07 | 2004-09-30 | Denso Corp | 通信方法および通信端末装置 |
JP2008148131A (ja) * | 2006-12-12 | 2008-06-26 | Tokai Rika Co Ltd | 車車間通信の発信信号周波数設定システム及びその発信信号周波数設定方法 |
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JPH10209956A (ja) * | 1997-01-28 | 1998-08-07 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | 無線パケット通信方法 |
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JP2004274321A (ja) * | 2003-03-07 | 2004-09-30 | Denso Corp | 通信方法および通信端末装置 |
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