WO2010022713A2 - Installation de coulage sous vide, tête de mélange pour installation de coulage sous vide et procédé associe - Google Patents

Installation de coulage sous vide, tête de mélange pour installation de coulage sous vide et procédé associe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010022713A2
WO2010022713A2 PCT/DE2009/001201 DE2009001201W WO2010022713A2 WO 2010022713 A2 WO2010022713 A2 WO 2010022713A2 DE 2009001201 W DE2009001201 W DE 2009001201W WO 2010022713 A2 WO2010022713 A2 WO 2010022713A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mixing
components
vacuum
mixing head
chamber
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2009/001201
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2010022713A3 (fr
Inventor
Alexander Hagmann
Original Assignee
Hagmann Prototypen Gbr
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hagmann Prototypen Gbr filed Critical Hagmann Prototypen Gbr
Publication of WO2010022713A2 publication Critical patent/WO2010022713A2/fr
Publication of WO2010022713A3 publication Critical patent/WO2010022713A3/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/40—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft
    • B29B7/405—Mixing heads
    • B29B7/407—Mixing heads with a casing closely surrounding the rotor, e.g. with conical rotor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/40—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft
    • B29B7/401—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft having a casing closely surrounding the rotor, e.g. with a plunger for feeding the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/40—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft
    • B29B7/404—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with feeding or valve actuating means, e.g. with cleaning means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/72—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/74—Mixing; Kneading using other mixers or combinations of mixers, e.g. of dissimilar mixers ; Plant
    • B29B7/7438—Mixing guns, i.e. hand-held mixing units having dispensing means
    • B29B7/7442—Mixing guns, i.e. hand-held mixing units having dispensing means with driven stirrer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/74—Mixing; Kneading using other mixers or combinations of mixers, e.g. of dissimilar mixers ; Plant
    • B29B7/7438—Mixing guns, i.e. hand-held mixing units having dispensing means
    • B29B7/7447—Mixing guns, i.e. hand-held mixing units having dispensing means including means for feeding the components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C39/003—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • B29C39/006—Monomers or prepolymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C39/22—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C39/24—Feeding the material into the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C39/22—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C39/42—Casting under special conditions, e.g. vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for providing a multicomponent material for use in at least one vacuum casting method according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention relates to a vacuum casting method with at least one multi-component material, in particular for a rapid prototyping method, according to the preamble of claim 4.
  • the invention relates to a series Vakuumg screen Kunststoff according to the preamble of claim 6.
  • the invention relates to a mixing head for mixing a plurality of (individual) components to at least one multi-component material, in particular for a Vakuumg smartstrom, according to the preamble of claim 7.
  • the invention relates to a vacuum casting plant, in particular a vacuum low-pressure casting plant, for producing a plastic product, in particular for rapid production of a prototype, according to the preamble of claim 21.
  • Vacuum casting and vacuum casting equipment are well known in the art.
  • a mixing head for mixing at least two flowable material components in particular for the production of polyurethane moldings, with a mixing chamber into which at least two inlet openings (nozzles) for the material components open and in which a cleaning ram is axially displaceable, and with a arranged in the mixing chamber in front of an outlet throttle slide known
  • the throttle slide is designed as a rotary valve with a passage whose free cross-section increases in the direction of the outlet opening of the mixing chamber and its cross-section in the region of a Cleaning tappet facing opening of the passage about the cross section of the cleaning ram corresponds.
  • a mixing head for applying multi-component reaction plastics wherein the mixing head with supply hoses for the pressurized components and compressed air is connected and a handle with an operating knob or switch for compressed air valves that regulate the component flow has , and further wherein in a region in front of an outlet nozzle, a mixing chamber with a mixing spiral, or the like is arranged, which automatically or driven mixing the components, wherein the components are guided in separate channels or bores through a mixing head associated with the feed hoses, wherein adjoining the mixing head housing a valve sealing plate with holes for the passage of the components, wherein adjoins the valve sealing plate an outlet block with holes or channels for the components, wherein the outlet block has outlets to the mixing chamber u nd wherein there are valve tappets which open or close the bores of the valve sealing plate, the release process being effected by a forward movement of the valve tappets and the closing operation by a backward movement of the valve tappets.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide devices and methods which in particular require less effort and allow faster casting.
  • it is an object of the present invention to provide apparatus and methods with which series casting is possible.
  • a method of repeatedly providing at least one multi-component material for use in at least one cycle of a vacuum casting process comprising the step of mixing at least two components in a mixing chamber, further comprising the step of: supplying degassing and / or or non-degassed components into the mixing chamber from reservoirs in which the components are degassed for several cycles.
  • the mixing chamber is in a vacuum environment a vacuum chamber.
  • the storage containers are arranged outside the vacuum chamber.
  • About feeders materials from the reservoirs in the vacuum chamber, more precisely a mixing head and there in particular a mixing chamber can be fed.
  • the feeder can pressurize the interior of the reservoir with the vacuum environment of the vacuum chamber via a conduit system with the vacuum environment.
  • the reservoirs are then degassed accordingly, that is acted upon by a vacuum, so that gases can escape from the components located in the reservoirs.
  • the multi-component material or multi-component materials stored in the reservoirs are, in another embodiment, fed non-degassed to the vacuum chamber.
  • the storage containers are arranged outside the vacuum chamber, in one embodiment a plurality of storage containers are provided outside the vacuum chamber, which can preferably be coupled to one another. Through a coupling, for example a serial coupling, several can be Multi-component materials, in particular resin types, store.
  • a valve control such as an electric valve control, the multiple materials can optionally and arbitrarily controllable immediately feed the mixing head within the vacuum chamber.
  • the feeder is designed so that flooding the vacuum chamber is not required.
  • a dosage of the components does not take place in advance.
  • the dosage takes place later, for example in a mixing head.
  • a degassing of the materials before feeding to the vacuum chamber, a degassing of the materials.
  • the degassing takes place in, for example, a series production once in setting up the process for a job with several prototypes to be produced. Due to the coupling degassed and Vietnameseentgaste materials in any order the mixing head or the mixing chamber can be fed.
  • After pouring a material is a blowing out of the lines of the mixing head, in particular the mixing chamber within the vacuum environment, that is, within the vacuum chamber.
  • a blowing out takes place after each casting cycle in order to blow out residual amounts of casting materials within the liquid resin-carrying channels in the mixing head.
  • rinsing by means of a rinsing device is possible.
  • the entire resin-carrying system is rinsed with a rinse, especially at a longer standstill of the casting.
  • the blowing takes place directly at the mixing head by means of compressed air, so that small portions are cleaned directly at the mixing head during series production.
  • the components are supplied to the mixing chamber in a vacuum environment.
  • the mixing chamber is located, for example, in a mixing head which is in a vacuum environment, for example in a vacuum chamber.
  • the components can be supplied degassed or non-degassed.
  • the materials in the arranged outside the vacuum chamber reservoirs are optionally acted upon with vacuum. Accordingly, blocking elements are provided in the line system, which allow sealing against a vacuum.
  • At least one dye is supplied to the mixing chamber.
  • the feeding of the dyes is preferably carried out in the vacuum environment, for example in the mixing head.
  • a plurality of dyes can be fed.
  • the dyes are stored in appropriate storage containers.
  • the reservoirs are formed on the mixing head and for placement in the vacuum chamber, that is, in the vacuum environment.
  • the feeding of the dye to the mixing head and thus to the mixing chamber takes place within the vacuum environment.
  • the mixing head has corresponding vacuum-suitable sealing elements.
  • several colors are selected, in particular at least two dyes.
  • two dyes are simultaneously miscible.
  • the admixing of the dyes, in particular the amount is controlled during operation from outside the vacuum chamber, for example by pressing a button on a control system.
  • a vacuum casting method with at least one multicomponent material comprising the steps of providing the multicomponent material and pouring the multicomponent material into a mold in a vacuum environment, wherein the provision of the above method of providing according to the invention is carried out.
  • a vacuum casting method with at least one multicomponent material, in particular for a rapid prototyping method, comprising the steps of providing the multicomponent material and pouring the multicomponent material into a mold in a vacuum environment, wherein the provision of the above method of providing according to the invention is carried out.
  • the components or the component mixture are degassed, for example by applying a vacuum.
  • the reservoir arranged outside the vacuum chamber can be subjected to a vacuum via a suitably designed line system.
  • it is necessary to supply a non-degassed material Even a non-degassed material can be stored on the reservoir outside the vacuum chamber.
  • the Supply system from the reservoir to the vacuum chamber and in particular to the mixing head is to be formed accordingly, so that a closure under vacuum application is feasible.
  • Any number of storage containers with degassed and / or non-degassed multicomponent materials can be connected to the mixing head via the feed system.
  • the mixing head the multicomponents are mixed and possibly colored.
  • a cast-ready material is poured into a corresponding shape or several shapes.
  • Pouring is also done in a vacuum environment, ensuring high quality manufacturing.
  • the mold is filled directly from the mixing head. In other words, the pouring is done directly from the mixing head, more precisely from the mixing chamber, without a collecting container is interposed.
  • the feeding comprises the step of supplying lines of the mixing head for blowing out residual material.
  • the blowing out can be carried out continuously or discontinuously, for example jerkily with corresponding pulse waves.
  • purging is required to prevent contamination.
  • the purging may be carried out by means of a suitable purging medium, for example with air or another gas.
  • the blowing out takes place in the lines of the mixing head before a subsequent pouring.
  • the mixing chamber is completely blown out.
  • lines of the mixing head are completely blown out. Accordingly, supply lines for supplying compressed air are provided.
  • a series vacuum casting process comprising a cycle comprising the steps of: storing at least two components, feeding the components into a mixing chamber, mixing the components in the mixing chamber into a multi-component vacuum pourable material, and pouring the multi-component Material in a mold, wherein the cycle is performed several times, wherein the pouring takes place directly from the mixing head, more precisely from the mixing chamber into a mold.
  • degassing of the stored components is performed prior to delivery to the mixing chamber. The degassing takes place in a outside of the Vacuum chamber arranged storage container, so that for the stored in the storage container materials degassing takes place only once when setting up the system.
  • non-degassed materials can be supplied.
  • the process is carried out in particular in a fine vacuum, that is to say at minimum suppression pressures of up to about 0.5 mbar.
  • a mixing head for mixing a plurality of (individual) components to at least one multi-component material, in particular for a Vakuumg smartstrom, comprising: at least one mixing chamber for mixing the components, wherein the mixing chamber via a feed with at least two storage containers for Separate storage of the components is connectable and the feeder are at least partially designed to operate in a vacuum environment.
  • the mixing head can be permanently arranged and operated in a vacuum chamber.
  • the mixing head has corresponding sealing elements.
  • the closed system has blocking elements that allow feeding of non-degassed components from an external storage container, even when the vacuum is applied.
  • a further step for degassing the components, for example of metered components, can thus be dispensed with.
  • the dosage is adjusted via a controller.
  • the feeding device is designed accordingly.
  • the feed device can be arranged at least partially outside a vacuum chamber, so that the components arranged outside the vacuum chamber can be designed differently than parts arranged in the usually tight vacuum chamber.
  • the reservoirs are accordingly applied in one embodiment with vacuum, that is, their interior is part of the vacuum environment, which is also present in the vacuum chamber.
  • the feeder blocks the supply to the reservoirs, so that there is no vacuum and the materials stored there are not degassed.
  • the feed device comprises adjusting means for regulating and / or controlling a material flow of the components to be supplied.
  • the adjusting means are at least partially provided on the mixing head and can be arranged with this in the vacuum chamber.
  • the actuating means are designed for this purpose for operation in a vacuum environment. This means, for example, that the adjusting agents reliably seal off even under vacuum so that no material comes out of the mixing head undesirably.
  • the adjusting means comprise at least one rotary valve with at least one passage to selectively lock or release the flow of material.
  • a rotary valve is referred to in the context of the invention, a shaft through which a flow opening is opened or blocked, wherein an opening or closing takes place by a rotation of the shaft.
  • the rotary valve has at least one through-opening, wherein, depending on the rotational position of the shaft, the through-channel is aligned with a flow-through opening, or the flow-through opening is blocked by the wall of the shaft.
  • Such a rotary valve allows a fast opening and closing of passage openings for the components.
  • Such rotary valves are permanently wear-resistant used in a vacuum environment and therefore particularly suitable.
  • the actuating means further comprise a pneumatic drive for pneumatically driving the rotary valve.
  • the pneumatic actuator preferably includes actuators, such as a lever, for actuating the shaft.
  • blow-off means are provided for removing residual material with a blow-off medium. After each cycle, residual material from conduits, channels and the like must be removed to prevent clogging by undesired hardening of the material in these elements. By blowing out is one fast and safe cleaning of the elements possible.
  • the blow-off means have a compressed air reservoir. Compressed air is sent from the compressed air reservoir from outside through the mixing head and in particular the mixing chamber. The corresponding blown components are completely cleaned of foreign matter by means of the compressed air. Blowing is performed by the blow-off means at any time after pouring directly into a mold.
  • the blow-off means comprise at least one rotary valve with at least one through-channel in order to selectively block or release a blow-off medium flow. It is possible to pressurize the rotary valve in a closed state with a blow-off, in particular with compressed air, and to open the rotary valve after reaching a desired pressure for a short time, so as to realize a jerky blowout. In addition, the rotary valve reliably seals against vacuum.
  • the mixing head further comprises a dye supply device is provided to supply a dye, in particular in a vacuum environment.
  • a dye or more dyes are fed.
  • the dyes are preferably mixed directly in the mixing chamber with the components, so that a uniform mixing is realized.
  • the dye supply device is preferably provided directly on the mixing head and / or the mixing chamber in order to avoid long conduction paths. Controllable is the dye supply from the outside via appropriate control means. During a casting cycle, different shapes can be colored differently via the dye supply device.
  • the ink feed into the mixing chamber and the direct pouring into the mold different areas of the molded fitting are different color markable. Even while pouring into the mold, it is possible to realize a different color.
  • the dye supply device comprises at least one vacuum-suitable dye reservoir.
  • the dye reservoirs are arranged with the mixing head in the vacuum chamber and the dye is against the environment sealed. Even after a dye supply therefore no degassing is necessary.
  • a plurality of dye reservoir are provided to realize different possible colorations in one or more forms.
  • the dye supply device comprises adjusting means for regulating and / or controlling a dye flow, in particular pneumatically actuable actuating means.
  • the adjusting means comprise at least one needle valve-nozzle unit.
  • a needle-valve-nozzle unit designed as a needle valve system, a secure closing and dosing is possible, so that smallest amounts of ink can be added.
  • a mixing plant with at least one mixing shaft operated via at least one mixing motor is provided for mixing the components and / or the dyes.
  • the mixer is integrated in the mixing head or can be coupled with it, so that a compact design is possible.
  • the mixer is at least partially formed in a mixing tube.
  • a spiral-shaped mixing shaft, a so-called mixing spindle is arranged in an attachable mixing tube.
  • the mixing tube is designed accordingly as a mixing chamber. From the mixing tube, a pourable material is poured directly into the mold, without another collection container is provided.
  • the mixing chamber comprises an exchangeable mixing tube.
  • the mixing tube can be replaced after each cycle.
  • the mixing tube is made of plastic, for example.
  • the replaceable mixing tube makes it possible to continue using other components.
  • the mixing tube is placed in one embodiment on a complementary nozzle. About a corresponding attachment the mixing tube with the mixing head can be coupled.
  • a clamping device for exchangeable fastening of the mixing tube to the mixing head is provided. By the clamping device a quick and easy replacement is possible, wherein the clamping device is less susceptible to contamination compared to a screw.
  • the clamping device comprises a gripping device, in particular a pneumatically actuated gripping device.
  • the clamping device is formed at least partially pivotable from a functional position. By pivoting or folding down the clamping device, a simple and convenient cleaning of the mixing head in a connection region, for example on an underside of the mixing head, is possible.
  • a Vakuumg chipstrom in particular a vacuum low-pressure casting plant, for producing a plastic product, in particular for rapid production of a prototype ("rapid prototyping"), comprising: a vacuum chamber for realizing a vacuum environment, wherein in the vacuum chamber an inventive In this way, a series production of prototypes within a short time by means of a system is possible.
  • the vacuum casting further comprises reservoir for storing components, dyes and / or blow-off media.
  • the reservoir can be arranged both outside and inside the vacuum chamber.
  • the reservoirs for the components are located outside of the vacuum chamber because of their size, the reservoirs being connected to the mixing chamber via feeders to provide a closed system which In particular, optionally with vacuum can be acted upon and so creates a vacuum environment or is locked to the vacuum environment.
  • the reservoir is coupled with conveying means for conveying the components, dyes and / or blow-off media.
  • the conveying means preferably have metering devices for the metered delivery of components, dyes and / or blow-off media.
  • the conveying means are, for example, pumps, in particular gear pumps or the like. By throttle bodies, valves and the like, a flow rate is adjustable.
  • the Vakuumg cordstrom further comprises at least one control device.
  • the control device can be designed electrically, pneumatically and / or hydraulically.
  • the individual components of the casting plant and / or the mixing head are controllable, for example, to achieve a certain dosage of the components and / or a dye.
  • the exhaust means and / or the clamping device can be controlled.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a vacuum casting installation according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a mixing head according to the invention
  • Figure 3 shows in another perspective view of the mixing head of Figure 2 and
  • FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a clamping device according to the invention of the mixing head
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a vacuum casting installation 1 according to the invention.
  • the vacuum casting installation 1 is designed as a vacuum low-pressure casting installation for producing a plastic product.
  • the vacuum casting 1 comprises a vacuum chamber 2 to realize a vacuum environment.
  • the vacuum chamber 2 is surrounded by a corresponding housing 3, which has a door 4, with which an access to the vacuum chamber 2 can be realized and with which the vacuum chamber 2 can be closed to produce the vacuum environment.
  • the illustrated door 4 has a viewing window 5.
  • Housing 3 and door 4 with viewing window 5 are designed to generate the vacuum environment correspondingly stable.
  • the vacuum casting machine 1 comprises a vacuum pump 6 with which the vacuum environment can be generated.
  • the vacuum pump 6 is coupled to the vacuum chamber 2 in order to pump air from the vacuum chamber 2 when the housing 3 is closed.
  • the vacuum pump 6 is arranged in a second chamber 7 of the housing 3.
  • the second chamber 7 is also closed by a door 8.
  • wheels 9, which can be locked by means of parking brakes, so that the housing 3 is protected against a method off.
  • a further housing 10 is arranged, which can be coupled to the first housing 3.
  • the second housing 10 also has wheels 9, with which the housing 10 can be moved.
  • On the housing 10 can be arranged further components of the Vakuumg cashstrom 1, for which no vacuum environment is required.
  • a control device 11 is disposed on the second housing 10, which is presently housed in a control box 12. Furthermore, storage containers 13 for storing components, dyes and / or blow-off media are arranged on the housing 10. In the illustrated embodiment, the reservoir 13 of the storage of the components. In order to supply the components, dyes and / or blow-off media stored in the storage containers 13 to the vacuum chamber 2, the storage containers 13 are coupled with conveying means 14 designed as metering pumps for conveying the components, dyes and / or blow-off media. The conveying means 14 are in turn coupled via lines (not shown here) to a mixing head 15, which is arranged in the vacuum chamber 2. The mixing head 15, which forms a core of the vacuum casting apparatus 1, is described in more detail in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • FIG. 2 shows, in a perspective view, the mixing head 15 according to the invention for mixing a plurality of individual components stored in the storage containers 13 into a multi-component material.
  • the mixing head 15 comprises at least one mixing chamber 16 for mixing the components and optionally of additives such as dyes and the like.
  • the mixing chamber 16 is formed in a replaceable mixing tube 17, which is connectable to the mixing head 15 via a clamping device 18, which is shown in greater detail in FIGS. 4a and 4b.
  • the mixing chamber 16 has a mixing unit 19 for mixing the supplied into the mixing chamber 16 components.
  • the mixer 19 comprises at least one mixing spindle 21 operated via at least one mixing motor 20 for mixing the components and / or the dyes.
  • the mixing head 16 has at least one feed device 22.
  • the supply device 22 comprises the reservoir 13 shown in Figure 1 and conveyor 14 and corresponding lines 23 and adjusting means 24 for coupling the reservoir 13 with the conveying means 14 and the mixing chamber 16.
  • the lines and adjusting means are partially provided outside the vacuum chamber 2 and partially in the vacuum chamber 2, in particular at the mixing head 15.
  • the formed on the mixing head 15 lines 23 and / or formed on the mixing head 15 actuating means 24 for controlling and / or controlling a material flow of the components to be supplied are designed for operation in the vacuum environment.
  • the material flow can also be in the Controlled vacuum environment without material exiting, for example due to the vacuum material from the lines 23 or via the actuating means 24.
  • the adjusting means 24 are at least partially designed as a rotary valve 25 for this purpose.
  • the rotary valve 25 includes a rotatable in a rotary valve housing 26 mounted rotary shaft 27.
  • the rotary valve housing 26 has through channels to pass through these components.
  • the rotary shaft 27 also has through channels 28 which, depending on the rotational position of the rotary shaft 27 together with the passage channels of the rotary valve housing 26 form a passage line for the components or interrupt a passage line.
  • the adjusting means 24 comprise a corresponding drive.
  • the drive is also designed for a vacuum operation and preferably designed as a pneumatic drive 29 for pneumatically driving the rotary valve 25.
  • the pneumatic drive 29 comprises a pneumatic cylinder 30, preferably a double-acting pneumatic cylinder, which, depending on the pressurization, extends a piston 31 which causes a rotation of the rotary shaft 27 via a corresponding mechanism 32.
  • the pressurization is controlled by corresponding lines 23.
  • the components of the mixing chamber 16 are supplied. From there, the components are mixed in a mold in the vacuum environment where they give rise to cure and finished prototypes. In order to produce another prototype after creation, the corresponding lines 23 and adjusting means 24 must be cleaned of any residues of residual material.
  • the mixing head 15 comprises blow-off means, with which residual material with a blow-off, which is passed through the lines 23 and adjusting means 24 under pressure, is removed.
  • the blow-off means can also be designed for operation under the vacuum environment. For this purpose, lines and adjusting means, which are covered by the blow-off, train accordingly.
  • the actuating means of the exhaust means are designed as rotary valves with a correspondingly lockable via a rotary shaft passage to block a Ausblasmediumkg optional or release.
  • the mixing head 15 further has a dye feeder 33 to supply one or more dyes, in the present case two different dyes can be supplied.
  • the dye feeder 33 is disposed in the vacuum environment.
  • the dye supply device 33 comprises at least one vacuum-suitable
  • Dye storage tank 34 in particular a dye reservoir 34 per dye.
  • the dye can be supplied via lines 23 and adjusting means 24, the material components, for example in the mixing chamber 16 or in front of the mixing chamber 16.
  • the actuating means 24 include for operation in the vacuum environment corresponding valves 35 which formed in the embodiment of Figure 2 as needle valves are.
  • the needle valves are designed according to Figure 2 as pneumatically actuated needle valves. About the controller 11, the dosage of the dye can be controlled.
  • FIG. 3 shows, in another perspective view, the mixing head 15 according to FIG. 2.
  • the ink supply via the two dye reservoirs 34 and the lines 23 and adjusting means 24 to the material supply can be recognized.
  • the mixer 19 is clearly visible.
  • the mixing motor 20 is connected via a shaft with a corresponding hooking device. At this hooking the mixing spindle 21 is suspended in the mixing tube 17, so that the mixing spindle 21 is drivable in the mixing tube 17.
  • the mixing tube 17 is fixedly connected to the mixing head 15.
  • the clamping device 18 is provided, which is described in more detail in Figures 4a and 4b.
  • FIG. 4a and 4b show in perspective an inventive clamping device 18 of the mixing head 15 of FIG. 2, in two different positions.
  • FIG. 4a shows the clamping device 18 in a first position, in which a mixing tube 17 can be attached to the mixing head 15, wherein only the mixing head 15 covering substantially comprehensive cover is shown here for reasons of clarity of the mixing head 15.
  • the clamping device 18 is shown in a second position in which a cleaning of the mixing head 15 is possible.
  • the clamping device 18 comprises a gripping device 36, which via a Joint 37 is articulated to the mixing head 15.
  • the gripping device 36 comprises two gripper arms 38, which are arranged to be moved together and moved apart from each other, so that they can control the mixing tube 17 grab and release again.
  • the gripping arms 38 are pneumatically controlled.
  • the gripping arms 38 can be moved away from the mixing head 15, for example by pivoting, as shown in Figure 4b.
  • the hooking device 39 of the mixing plant 19 is visible to which the interchangeable mixing spindle 21 can be coupled, so that the mixing spindle 21 in the mixing tube 17 via the mixing motor 20 can be driven.
  • the present invention provides an integrated overall system for producing prototypes, which contains all the required system components and optimally tunes them to the goal of process-reliable production, in particular for (small) series production.
  • the overall system of the vacuum casting apparatus 1 includes the following main components:
  • the vacuum chamber 2 with vacuum pump 6 and a receptacle for the mixing head 15 in the vacuum chamber. 2
  • the mixing head 15 which operates for the first time in a vacuum environment and automates all process-relevant functions and optimally combines them.
  • the feed device 22 for material supply and metering by means of the reservoir with an agitator and preferably electronically controlled gear pumps for very variable mixing ratios.
  • the mixing head 15 comprises a wealth of functions.
  • the integrated mixhead functions are listed below:
  • the mixing head 15 operates in the vacuum environment, that is, the mixing head 15 operates directly in the fine vacuum in the closed vacuum chamber 2. This is possible that the Construction of the Vakuumg cardstrom 1, in particular the valves for material and blowing air, is designed so that they can withstand a permanently upcoming vacuum, and so safely prevent material, dye or air traces emerge uncontrollably.
  • the material flow of the preferred two components, which is applied by the gear pumps as low pressure, is preferably blocked by a rotatable valve shaft and released very quickly via a lever which is actuated by a pneumatic cylinder. This safely prevents the sticking of the valve parts to the components or its uncontrolled leakage.
  • the illustrated mixing head 15 includes an integrated and automatic ink feed. Two (or more) different colors are provided in small containers 34 on the mixing head 15, which are acted upon by compressed air.
  • the use of needle valve nozzles prevents unwanted residues from entering the casting resin. By pneumatically opening the needle valve nozzles, the smallest amounts of ink can be added to the material flow; either from just one paint container or even from both at the same time.
  • a mixer 19 with mixing motor 20 and mixing spindle 21, which optimally allows the mixing of the two resin components together with the dosed colors.
  • the replaceable plastic mixing tube must be changed after each cycle.
  • a union nut can be used, which, however, tends to sticking and dirt.
  • a pneumatic clamping device 18 is used, which holds the mixing tube absolutely close to a mixing pipe socket of the mixing head 15 and releases again after the end of the cycle.
  • the entire clamping device 18 is hinged in the illustrated embodiment for better cleaning a mixing head bottom.
  • the entire casting process can be completely performed safely by the pneumatic, electrical and / or electronic control. Manual intervention during the vacuum phase is no longer required.
  • the number of operations per cycle is thereby reduced to only six steps and the cycle time is in the range of a few minutes, in particular in the range of less than 10 minutes, preferably less than about 9 minutes, more preferably less than 8 minutes and most preferably in the range of about 6 min.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de coulage sous vide au moyen d'un matériau composé de constituants multiples, ledit procédé consistant en les étapes suivantes: mise à disposition et coulage du matériau à constituants multiples dans un moule dans un environnement sous vide, ladite mise à disposition consistant en un procédé de mise à disposition répétée d'un matériau à constituants multiples, qui comprend l'étape de mélange d'au moins deux constituants et également l'étape suivante: apport de constitués dégazés provenant de réservoirs d'alimentation (13, 34) dans lesquels les constituants pour plusieurs cycles sont maintenus à l'état de dégazage. L'invention concerne également une installation de coulage sous vide (1) servant à fabriquer un produit plastique et comprenant: une chambre sous vide (2) servant à créer un environnement sous vide et dans laquelle est disposée une tête de mélange (15) permettant de mélanger plusieurs constituants et comprenant: au moins une chambre de mélange (16); au moins un système d'alimentation (22) des constituants, ladite tête de mélange (15) comportant des conduits (23) et/ou des moyens de réglage (24) servant à régler et/ou à commander un écoulement de matériau composé des constituants d'apport et conçus pour fonctionner au moins en partie dans un environnement sous vide.
PCT/DE2009/001201 2008-08-29 2009-08-28 Installation de coulage sous vide, tête de mélange pour installation de coulage sous vide et procédé associe WO2010022713A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008044871.0 2008-08-29
DE102008044871.0A DE102008044871B4 (de) 2008-08-29 2008-08-29 Vakuumgießanlage, Mischkopf für eine Vakuumgießanlage und Verfahren hierzu

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WO2010022713A2 true WO2010022713A2 (fr) 2010-03-04
WO2010022713A3 WO2010022713A3 (fr) 2012-05-10

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CN103991155A (zh) * 2012-12-07 2014-08-20 许昌汉诺威自动化有限公司 改性mc尼龙导向轮的制备装置

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CN106426909B (zh) * 2016-11-16 2018-07-03 扬州大学 基于低温胶状生物材料3d打印的快换式多工位喷头
DE102020100814A1 (de) * 2020-01-15 2021-07-15 Udo Tartler Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Mischen und Zuleiten von Kunststoff zur Vakuum-Infusion in eine Form

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WO1987001328A1 (fr) * 1985-09-02 1987-03-12 Sanai Co., Ltd Dispositif automatique de moulage de resine sous vide
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EP1029652A1 (fr) * 1999-02-15 2000-08-23 Secmer Dispositif mélangeur sous vide pour la coulée de matériaux plastiques polymérisables
DE10158027A1 (de) * 2001-11-27 2003-06-18 Michael Kuegelgen Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Vakuumgießen
EP1325801A1 (fr) * 2002-01-08 2003-07-09 MCP Tooling Technologies Limited Articles moulés en plastique

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GB8916751D0 (en) * 1989-07-21 1989-09-06 Babcock Transformers Limited Producing moulded castings in polymer materials
DE4119415A1 (de) 1991-06-13 1992-12-17 Huebers Verfahrenstech Verfahren zum transport und zur aufbereitung von und zur beschickung einer giessanlage mit giessharz, sowie vorrichtung zur ausfuehrung des verfahrens
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2847196A (en) * 1955-06-28 1958-08-12 Philip J Franklin Dispenser for thermosetting materials
WO1987001328A1 (fr) * 1985-09-02 1987-03-12 Sanai Co., Ltd Dispositif automatique de moulage de resine sous vide
US5100699A (en) * 1989-08-24 1992-03-31 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method and apparatus for precision pumping, ratioing, and dispensing of work fluid(s)
EP1029652A1 (fr) * 1999-02-15 2000-08-23 Secmer Dispositif mélangeur sous vide pour la coulée de matériaux plastiques polymérisables
DE10158027A1 (de) * 2001-11-27 2003-06-18 Michael Kuegelgen Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Vakuumgießen
EP1325801A1 (fr) * 2002-01-08 2003-07-09 MCP Tooling Technologies Limited Articles moulés en plastique

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CN103991155A (zh) * 2012-12-07 2014-08-20 许昌汉诺威自动化有限公司 改性mc尼龙导向轮的制备装置

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DE102008044871A1 (de) 2010-03-04
DE102008044871B4 (de) 2017-03-30
WO2010022713A3 (fr) 2012-05-10

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