WO2010020223A1

WO2010020223A1 - Sealed bearing, sealing device for sealing bearings, and method for sealing bearings

Info

Publication number: WO2010020223A1
Application number: PCT/DE2009/001151
Authority: WO
Inventors: Andreas Krome
Original assignee: Schaeffler Kg
Priority date: 2008-08-16
Filing date: 2009-08-12
Publication date: 2010-02-25
Also published as: DE102008037990A1; DE102008037990B4; EP2321544A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a sealed bearing (10) having an outer bearing ring (20) comprising an outer bearing ring outer surface (24) for installation in a bearing housing (5), having an inner bearing ring (30), a central receptacle (34) for a component (40) to be supported, having a first thrust ring (50) comprising a receptacle (52), and disposed on the same axis as the inner bearing ring (30), having a first bellows-shaped sealing collar (70) contacting the first thrust ring (50) at a first circumferential edge (72) and the outer bearing ring (20) at a second circumferential edge (73).

Description

Name of the invention

Sealed bearing, sealing device for sealing bearings and method for sealing bearings

description

Field of the invention

The present invention relates to a sealed bearing, a sealing device for sealing bearings and a method for sealing bearings. The present invention is applicable to different types of bearings, in particular, it is suitable for spherical bearings, such as, for example, spherical bearings. Radial spherical plain bearings, axial spherical plain bearings or angular contact spherical plain bearings, as well as for axial spherical roller bearings, radial spherical roller bearings or spherical roller bearings

Bearings with, for example, spherical bearings must in most cases be sealed, so that no contamination can penetrate the bearings from the outside. Such impurities can z. Water, steam, dusts, ice, snow, lubricants (oils, greases, solid lubricants) and paints. The impurities accelerate the corrosion of the bearing components, contaminate or flush out the lubricant or sliding material (in maintenance-free bearings), and deposit abrasive particles in the bearings Gleitzonen of the bearing, which increases the bearing wear and thus reduces the bearing life. In particular, maintenance-free spherical plain bearings must not be contaminated by greases, oils or other lubricants, as otherwise a drastic reduction in service life may result. The effectiveness of the seal can therefore decisively influence the service life of the bearings.

There are many factors involved in selecting the most suitable seal for a bearing: misalignment of the shaft relative to the housing, the available space, the cost of the assembly, etc.

Currently, different types of seals are used to seal radial and thrust bearings. A felt gasket is generally used where there are only slight misalignments of the shaft. For larger misalignments, the contact surfaces for the seal must be wavy. This type of seal is suitable for temperatures up to 100 ⁰ C.

An effective and at the same time simple sealing results in plastic V-shaped seals. They point depending on the material good resistance to wear, aging, oil and grease and can be used mostly at temperatures between -40 ⁰ C and 100 ⁰ C. The V-ring seals are easy to install and allow relatively large misalignment of the shaft. The V-ring has a rubber-elastic ring body and a thin sealing lip, which rests axially under slight pressure on the counter surface.

Furthermore, radial shaft seals are used, which usually have a metallic stiffened or taken in a metal sleeve sealing sleeve made of synthetic rubber. These are used primarily for high sealing requirements. In order to prevent contaminants from penetrating into the grease-filled bearing, the weather conditions Oil seals with outwardly directed sealing lip installed. When serviceable spherical bearings are used in very rough operation, but especially when they are stressed by sand, loam or the like, seals made of rubber or plastic generally have a short life. The best sealing effect is achieved in such cases by periodic relubrication. The fat bulge forming on the end faces of the bearing keeps contaminants away from the bearing. However, this periodic required relubrication represents a considerable maintenance and is therefore undesirable.

There are a number of applications in which the aforementioned seals of bearings are not sufficient. One possibility for achieving a higher-quality sealing of bearings, in particular, for example, spherical bearings, is the use of bellows is known. Here is a joint bearing with integrated folding bellows. This is a radial spherical plain bearing with a widened inner ring. The bellows runs in the outer grooves of the widened inner ring. Externally, the bellows is stabilized by a sheet metal reinforcement. A unit of two bellows and a spherical plain bearing is held outside in the housing by snap rings or housing shoulders. The disadvantage of this design is that special bearings are required. Further, the corrosion resistance of the inner ring is reduced by a heat treatment during curing. Elaborate grinding operations are also required in the inner ring production and additional support rings for the axial fixation of the inner ring. A further solution of the prior art provides that outside of the end faces of an outer ring, a bellows is vulcanized. The bellows runs on a widened inner ring in a groove, as in the aforementioned embodiment. A disadvantage here is that high temperatures are required for scorching, which can damage the bond between the sliding fabric and the outer ring. Furthermore, the corrosion protection of the inner ring is impaired by the heat treatment or the choice of material. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a bearing seal that better protects a bearing from contamination from environmental influences and allows an increased service life of the bearing. It is also an object of the present invention to be able to subsequently seal conventional bearings. Existing standard bearings should be able to be used as improved sealed further. An improved sealed bearing should be provided. Furthermore, the corrosion resistance of the external parts should be increased. It is a further object of the present invention to provide the customer with an installation ready sealing solution, which ensures the required space in the axial direction, allows easy assembly and disassembly and provides contact surfaces for sealing sleeves.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a sealed bearing with the features of claim 1, a sealing device for a bearing according to claim 7 and a method for sealing bearings according to claim 15. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

According to the invention for solving the problem, a sealed bearing with a bearing outer ring having a bearing outer ring outer surface for installation in a bearing housing, and a bearing inner ring having a central receptacle for a component to be stored, and a first thrust ring with a receptacle which coaxially with the bearing inner ring is provided, and a first bellows-shaped sealing collar, which rests with a first peripheral edge on the first stop ring and with a second peripheral edge on the bearing outer ring provided.

Furthermore, a sealing device is provided which allows the sealing of conventional bearings. The sealing device for a bearing comprising a bearing outer ring with a bearing outer ring outer surface for installation in a bearing housing and also a bearing inner ring with a central Receiving for a component to be stored, comprises a first stop ring with a receptacle, which is arranged coaxially with the bearing inner ring, and a first bellows-shaped sealing sleeve, the sealing with a first peripheral edge on the first stop ring and with a second peripheral edge on the bearing outer ring attachable.

A method according to the invention for sealing a bearing provides the following method steps:

(A) providing a bearing, the bearing comprising a bearing outer ring with a bearing outer ring outer surface for installation in a bearing housing, the bearing further comprising a bearing inner ring with a central receptacle for a component to be stored;

(B) pushing a first stop ring on a component against the bearing inner ring of the bearing, so that the stop ring and the bearing inner ring are arranged coaxially aligned side by side and a first bellows-shaped sealing collar, which is slid onto the stop ring, with a first

Peripheral edge comes to rest on the first stop ring and with a second peripheral edge on the bearing outer ring and the bearing housing;

(C) sliding a second stop ring on the component against the bearing inner ring of the bearing, so that the stop ring and the bearing inner ring are arranged coaxially aligned side by side and the bearing inner ring between the first stop ring and the second stop ring is arranged and a second bellows-shaped sealing sleeve, which on the Sliding stopper is seated, with a first peripheral edge on the first stop ring and with a second peripheral edge on the Bearing outer ring and the bearing housing comes to rest.

The idea on which the present invention is based is that a bearing seal is provided which is sealed by means of a sealing collar or a bellows or rolling bellows with a run-on ring adapted to the bellows or rolling-bellows joint-bearing combination. Optionally, an additional tensioning element made of metal, rubber or plastic, e.g. (Round) Wire ring, spiral ring, coil spring or rubber ring used to ensure the preload of the bellows on the inner diameter for a long time and thus ensure a lasting fit on the thrust ring. The bellows is received outside in the bore of the housing, or in a joint bearing of the joint head, and held axially by a bore shoulder or a snap ring. The bellows runs on the inside of the starting ring of a designated zone (eg groove or groove, if axial positioning or fixing of the bellows is required). In this case, the groove has the required groove contour and groove surface in order to achieve an optimum sealing effect, to allow the bellows to slip on the inner ring from certain pivoting angles and to ensure the distance between the bellows and the surrounding construction up to the maximum tilt angle. To increase the sealing effect, an O-ring groove can still be inserted into the inner race and the bore can also be sealed by an inserted O-ring. The width of the run-up ring is advantageously chosen so that even at the maximum tilt angle, no contact between the bulging bellows and the environment arises.

In principle, the invention can be used for different types of bearings, for example for radial spherical plain bearings, axial spherical plain bearings, angular contact bearings, axial spherical roller bearings, radial spherical roller bearings or barrel roller bearings. In order to avoid overstressing the sliding zone of the bellows on the inside, the use in spherical roller bearings and roller bearings should be limited to applications with slow rotations or alternating pivoting / Tilting movements are restricted. The bearing according to the invention, the sealing unit according to the invention and the method according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously in spherical bearings, since the movement in the sliding zone here is typically not large or not high-frequency.

In the construction according to the invention only a part of the thrust ring and the bellows is exposed to environmental influences. The run-up ring can be made of soft stainless steel that reaches a corrosion protector over 1,000 hours according to a salt spray test. This represents a further advantage, since in the integration of the sealing ring groove in the inner ring, a curable material should be used. This curable material has i. d. R. a reduced corrosion protection.

Good corrosion protection of the bellows-groove-bellows-starting surface is advantageous in order to ensure the good surface quality of the groove in contact with the bellows long-term. As a result, the wear of the bellows can be significantly reduced at this point. If large swivel angles are required in the application, so that the bellows frequently has to slide in the contact zone of the bellows groove and the bellows contact surface, lubrication of this contact zone with grease, oil, PTFE, lubricating varnish or lubricants embedded in the bellows material is possible, for example. Graphite or wax possible.

According to one embodiment, the bearing according to the invention is characterized in that the sealing collars abut the bearing housing. According to one embodiment, the bearing according to the invention is characterized in that the bearing inner ring and / or the bearing outer ring is made of a bearing steel. According to one embodiment, the bearing according to the invention is characterized in that the first stop ring and / or second stop ring made of a corrosion-resistant material, in particular plastic, brass, aluminum, V2A steel or V4A steel. According to one embodiment, the bearing according to the invention characterized in that the first sealing collar and / or the second sealing collar as material NBR, EPDM or chloroprene rubber having a steel, carbon fiber, glass fiber or Aramidfaserarmierung. According to one embodiment, the bearing according to the invention is characterized in that between the first stop ring and the bearing inner ring and / or the second stop ring and the bearing inner ring a sealing paste for sealing the respective stop ring is provided with the bearing inner ring. According to one embodiment, the bearing according to the invention is characterized in that an axial sealing ring is provided adjacent to the first starting ring and the bearing inner ring and / or the second stop ring and the bearing inner ring for sealing the bearing inner ring with the stop rings. According to one embodiment, the bearing according to the invention is characterized in that in each case a radial sealing ring is provided adjacent to a groove in the receptacle of the first stop ring and / or a groove in the receptacle of the second stop ring. According to one embodiment, the bearing according to the invention is characterized in that an outer groove is provided on the first stop ring and / or an outer groove is provided on the second stop ring.

According to one embodiment, the sealing device according to the invention is characterized in that in each case a groove in the receptacle of the first stop ring and / or a groove in the receptacle of the second stop ring are provided for receiving a radial sealing ring. According to one embodiment, the sealing device according to the invention is characterized in that the sealing collar is sealingly attachable to the bearing housing.

An embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the bearing is a radial spherical plain bearing, an axial spherical plain bearing, an angular plain bearing, an axial spherical roller bearing, a radial spherical roller bearing or a roller bearing. A further embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the bearing outer ring of the radial spherical plain bearing has a spherical bearing outer ring inner surface, and the inner bearing ring of the radial spherical plain bearing has a spherical bearing inner ring outer surface with which the bearing inner ring abuts against the inner surface of the bearing outer ring. A further embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that in a method step (y) which follows the method step (b) or method step (c), the first sealing collar is fixed to the bearing housing. A further embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that in a method step (z) which follows the method step (c) or the method step (y), the second sealing collar is fixed to the bearing housing. A further embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the sealing collars are arranged sealingly with the second peripheral edge against the bearing housing and / or axially sealing against a housing shoulder and / or are arranged axially sealing against a snap ring. A further embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that in a method step 1, which is carried out before method step (b), sealing paste is applied to the bearing inner ring and / or the contact rings.

The bearing seal according to the invention offers a number of advantages: A retrofittable very good sealing of a standard bearing is made possible. Furthermore, a complete sealing unit with contact surface and spacers is provided. There is an improved corrosion protection of the outer metal parts. With spherical bearings, there is no influence on the corrosion protection due to the required hardening processes of the sliding fabric of the spherical plain bearings. The ring itself can be easily made of soft material. A hardening of the thrust ring is not required. The entire bearing can be easily assembled and disassembled. The life of the sealed bearing is increased by the complete seal. Furthermore, a separate exchange of seal or bearing is possible. The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment with reference to the accompanying figure.

From the figures show:

Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of a sealed radial joint bearing according to one embodiment of the invention.

A sealed bearing according to the invention, namely a radial spherical plain bearing 10 according to this exemplary embodiment, has a bearing inner ring 30 and a bearing outer ring 20. The bearing inner ring 30 has a spherical bearing inner ring outer surface 36, on which a spherical bearing outer ring inner surface 26 of the bearing outer ring 20 is pivotably arranged. The bearing outer ring 20 in this embodiment is fixed to a bearing outer ring outer surface 24 in a bearing housing 5, e.g. attached to a condyle. Thereby, the condyle 5 can be pivoted together with the loader outer ring 20 in the plane of the paper relative to the bearing inner ring 30.

A first stop ring 50 and a second stop ring 55 are arranged on both sides with a receptacle 34, which is centrally introduced as an inner bore in the bearing inner ring 30, axially aligned with the bearing inner ring 30. The thrust rings 50, 55 have according to the bearing inner ring 30 cylindrical receptacles 52, 58, so that formed by the receptacle 34 of the bearing inner ring 30, the receptacle 52 of the first stop ring 50 and the receptacle 58 of the second stop ring 55 an equal formed of three sections. Achsig through hole results. The thrust rings 50, 55 each have an outer groove 54, 57 on their outer circumference. The thrust rings 50, 55 are sealed against the bearing inner ring 30 by a sealing paste 90 between the thrust rings 50, 55 and the bearing inner ring 30. Instead of Sealing paste 90 according to the invention as axial sealing rings 95 between the stop rings 50, 55 and the bearing inner ring 30 can be used.

The thrust rings 50, 55 are connected by grooves 54, 57 in their outer circumferences starting from sealing collars 70, 80 with the bearing outer ring 20 axially and the bearing housing 5 radially inwardly sealed. The first sealing collar 70 shown on the left runs from a first peripheral edge 72 on the groove 54 of the first stop ring 50 to a second peripheral edge 73 on the housing shoulder 6 in the bearing housing 5. The outer bearing ring 20 fixes the first sealing collar 70 The second sealing collar 80 has a first peripheral edge 83 adjacent to the first stop ring 50 and a second peripheral edge 83 adjacent to the bearing outer ring 20 and the bearing housing 5 on. The second sealing collar 80 is fixed on the other axial side of the bearing outer ring 20 by a protruding into the bearing housing 5 snap ring 75 against the bearing outer ring 20.

Both sealing collars 70, 80 are fixed by means of wire rings 74, 84 in the outer grooves 54, 57 on the stop rings 50, 55. Further, in the receptacles 52, 58 of the stop rings 50, 55 each have a groove 53, 56 are provided. In the grooves 53, 56 radial sealing rings 97 are arranged. These are both on the respective stop ring 50, 55 and on a through the receptacle 34 in the bearing inner ring 30, receptacle 52 in the first stop ring 50 and receptacle 58 in the second stop ring 55 extending member 40 at. This prevents contaminants from penetrating axially between the component 40 and the starting rings 50, 55.

In FIG. 1, the described components form first stop ring 50, second stop ring 55, first sealing collar 70, second sealing collar 80, first wire ring 74, second wire ring 84, sealing paste 90, radial sealing rings

97 and snap ring 75 according to the invention a sealing device D according to this embodiment.

Due to the construction according to the invention according to the embodiment of the bearing outer ring 20 is sealed on both sides by the sealing collars 70, 80 against the stop rings 50, 55. Since the stop rings 50, 55 bear tightly against the bearing inner ring 30, thus the bearing inner ring 30 is sealed against the bearing outer ring 20. Impurities, such. As dust or water can not penetrate into the camp. At the same time, the bearing outer ring 20 remains pivotably arranged relative to the bearing inner ring 30, since the sealing collars are elastic. For improved strength, the sealing collars 70, 80 preferably have a steel reinforcement.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

5 Bearing housing D Oichteinrichtung

6 Housing shoulder 10 Sealed radial spherical plain bearing

20 bearing outer ring

24 bearing outer ring outer surface

26 bearing outer ring inner surface

30 bearing inner ring 34 receptacle

36 bearing inner ring outer surface

40 component

50 first stop ring

52 receiving the first stop ring 53 groove in the first stop ring

54 outer groove in the first stop ring

55 second stop ring

56 groove in the second stop ring

57 outer groove in the second stop ring 58 receiving the second stop ring

70 first sealing sleeve

72 first peripheral edge of the first sealing sleeve

73 second peripheral edge of the first sealing sleeve

74 first wire ring 75 snap ring

80 second sealing collar

82 first peripheral edge of the second sealing sleeve

83 second peripheral edge of the second sealing sleeve

84 second wire ring 90 sealing paste

95 axial sealing ring

97 radial sealing ring

Claims

claims

A sealed bearing (10) having a bearing outer ring (20) having a bearing outer ring outer surface

(24) for installation in a bearing housing (5), with a bearing inner ring (30), a central receptacle (34) for a component to be stored (40), with a first stop ring (50) having a receptacle (52 ), and coaxially disposed with the bearing inner race (30), having a first bellows-shaped sealing collar (70) having a first peripheral edge (72) on the first thrust ring (50) and a second peripheral edge (73) on the bearing outer race (20) is present.

2. Bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that it is a radial spherical plain bearing, an axial spherical plain bearing, an angular contact bearing, an axial spherical roller bearing, a radial spherical roller bearing or a barrel roller bearing.

3. Bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that the bearing outer ring of the radial spherical plain bearing has a spherical bearing outer ring inner surface (26) and the bearing inner ring (30) of the Radialgelenk- bearing a spherical bearing inner ring outer surface (36), with which it on the inner surface (26 ) of the bearing outer ring (20) is applied.

4. Bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a second stop ring (55) with a receptacle (58) is arranged co-axially with the bearing inner ring (30) so that the bearing inner ring (30) between the stop rings (50, 55) is arranged, and that a second bellows-shaped sealing collar (80) is provided which abuts with a first peripheral edge (82) on the second stop ring (55) and with a second peripheral edge (83) on the bearing outer ring (20).

5. Bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing collars (70, 80) with the second peripheral edge (83) radially against the bearing housing (5) sealingly and / or axially against a housing shoulder (6) and / or the bearing outer ring (20) and / or a snap ring (75) sealingly.

6. Bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a first clamping element is provided, which is the first sealing sleeve (70) in an outer groove (54) in the first stop ring (50) and / or a second clamping element is provided, the second Sealing collar (80) in an outer groove (57) on the second thrust ring (55) presses.

A sealing device (D) for a bearing, the bearing comprising a bearing outer ring (20) with a bearing outer ring outer surface (24) for installation in a bearing housing (5) and the bearing further comprising

Bearing inner ring (30) with a central receptacle (34) for a component to be stored (40), the sealing device (D) comprising: a first stop ring (50) with a receptacle (52) which is arranged coaxially with the bearing inner ring (30) , and a first bellows-shaped sealing collar (70) sealingly attachable to the first stop ring (50) with a first peripheral edge (72) and to the bearing outer ring (20) with a second peripheral edge (73).

8. Sealing device (D) according to claim 7, characterized in that the bearing is a radial spherical plain bearing, an axial spherical plain bearing, an angular contact bearing, an axial spherical roller bearing, a radial spherical roller bearing or a barrel roller bearing.

9. sealing device (D) according to claim 8, characterized in that the bearing outer ring (20) of the radial spherical plain bearing has a spherical bearing outer ring inner surface (26) and the bearing inner ring (30) of the radial spherical plain bearing a spherical bearing inner ring outer surface

(36), with which it rests against the inner surface (26) of the bearing outer ring (20) has.

10. Sealing device (D) according to one of claims 7 to 9, character- ized in that a second starting ring (55) with a receptacle (58) coaxially with the bearing inner ring (30) can be arranged so that the bearing inner ring (30) between the stop rings (50, 55) is arranged, and a second bellows-shaped sealing collar (80) is provided, which with a first peripheral edge (82) on the second stop ring (55), and with a second peripheral edge (83) on the bearing outer ring (80). 20) is sealingly attachable.

11. Sealing device (D) according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the sealing collars (70, 80) with the second peripheral edge (83) radially against the bearing housing (5) sealingly and / or axially against a housing shoulder (6) and / or the bearing outer ring (20) and / or a snap ring (75) sealingly.

12. Sealing device (D) according to any one of claims 7 to 11, character- ized in that a first clamping element is provided, the first sealing collar (70) in an outer groove (54) in the first stop ring (50) and / or a second Clamping element is provided, which is the second Sealing collar (80) fixed in an outer groove (57) on the second thrust ring (55).

13. Sealing device (D) according to one of claims 7 to 12, character- ized in that the first stop ring (50) and / or second stop ring

(55) is made of a corrosion-resistant material, in particular plastic, brass, aluminum, V2A steel or V4A steel.

14. Sealing device (D) according to one of claims 7 to 13, character- ized in that the first sealing collar (70) and / or the second sealing collar (80) as material NBR, EPDM or chloroprene rubber with a steel, carbon fiber Having glass fiber or aramid fiber reinforcement.

15. Method for sealing a bearing with the following steps:

(a) providing a bearing comprising a bearing outer ring (20) with a bearing outer ring outer surface (24) for installation in a bearing housing (5), the bearing further comprising a bearing inner ring (30) having a central receptacle

(34) for a component (40) to be stored;

(B) sliding a first stop ring (50) on a component (40) against the bearing inner ring (30) of the bearing, so that the stop ring (50) and the bearing inner ring (30) are arranged aligned coaxially side by side and a first bellows-shaped sealing collar (70) seated on the stop ring (50) with a first peripheral edge (72) on the first stop ring (50) and with a second peripheral edge (73) on the bearing outer ring (20) and the bearing housing (5) for abutment comes;

(c) pushing a second stop ring (55) onto the component (40) against the bearing inner ring (30) of the bearing, so that the thrust ring (50) and the bearing inner ring (30) aligned coaxially arranged side by side and the bearing inner ring (30) between the first stop ring (50) and the second stop ring (55) and a second bellows-shaped sealing collar (70) which is slid on the thrust ring (50), with a first peripheral edge (82) on the first thrust ring (50) and with a second peripheral edge (83) on the bearing outer ring (20) and Bearing housing (5) comes to rest.