Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
  • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
  • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
  • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
  • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
  • G07C2009/00317—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks keyless data carrier having only one limited data transmission range
  • G07C2009/00325—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks keyless data carrier having only one limited data transmission range and the lock having only one limited data transmission range
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
  • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
  • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
  • G07C2009/00317—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks keyless data carrier having only one limited data transmission range
  • G07C2009/00333—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks keyless data carrier having only one limited data transmission range and the lock having more than one limited data transmission ranges
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
  • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
  • G07C2009/00753—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
  • G07C2009/00769—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means
  • G07C2009/00793—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means by Hertzian waves
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • G07C2209/00—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00 - G07C9/38
  • G07C2209/60—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00174 - G07C9/00944
  • G07C2209/63—Comprising locating means for detecting the position of the data carrier, i.e. within the vehicle or within a certain distance from the vehicle

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method for operating a locking system, in particular with at least one electronic lock, in particular a door lock, which lock has a transmitting and / or receiving means and a locking mechanism, and with at least one electronic key, which a transmitting and / or receiving means wherein the lock and the key communicate with each other for a limited time or permanently, preferably wirelessly.
• the invention further relates to an electronic locking system preferably comprising: at least one electronic lock, in particular a door lock, which lock has a transmitting and / or receiving means and a locking mechanism, and at least one electronic key, which has a transmitting and / or receiving means which a temporary or permanent, preferably wireless communication is used to the electronic lock.
• the invention further relates to a device for amplifying and / or forwarding signals, preferably information and / or energy, in a directional or non-directional direction.
• the invention relates to an electronic lock, in particular door lock, which lock preferably has a transmitting and / or receiving means and a locking mechanism.
• the invention comprises an electronic key with a transmitting and / or receiving means, which serves a temporary or permanent, preferably wireless communication in particular to an electronic lock.
• Locking systems are known in the art which include one or more electronic locks which electronic locks can be operated by means of one or more electronic keys. In a variety of applications, a wireless radio link is used for communication between the electronic lock and the electronic key.
• the locks have a transceiver unit, which upon request by a key signal, which is sent by the key in communication with this and can check an authorization for access or access.
• the key transmits a corresponding data signal, which contains a locking secret.
• the data signal is triggered by manual actuation of a key of the key. If the authorization is found to be valid on the lock side, the locking mechanism is actuated so that a key holder is allowed access or access. This can be done, for example, by unlocking and / or opening a door or a gate or even releasing a sliding closure unit, for example a sliding door or a sliding window, for actuation.
• lock and key are intended to encompass not only the colloquially assigned devices but also, in essence, mobile and / or fixed devices.
• the key can also be arranged as a radio keypad on a frame of the door or next to it fixedly.
• An access searcher then enters an identification, whereupon the radio keypad communicates with the lock.
• the identification may of course also include biometric data, for example fingerprints, iris scan or the like.
• a lock of a front door should be substantially stationary, whereas a lock of a motor vehicle should be substantially mobile.
• a lock is any device which, upon request, has access to a valid authorization, namely a valid locking secret of a key or access allowed.
• the present invention may also be combined with mechanical keys and locks.
• EP 2 031 566 A1 discloses a locking system with an electronic lock, which lock is intended for use with doors.
• the lock can be operated with an electronic key, the key transmitted via radio an identity code as a closing secret to the lock.
• the identity code is passed through the lock checked and if there is a valid authorization, access is released by the lock.
• a problem may arise, for example, in that a key with a valid authorization grants access to a door securable with the electronic lock, the user passes the door while carrying the key and then closes it again. If the user's key is still in communication range with the lock after the door has passed, the lock will keep the door unlocked for further access due to re-communication with the key. During this time, it is thus possible for unauthorized third parties to open and pass through the door without having an electronic key with a valid authorization.
• a domestic help can deposit her key with a valid authorization for the lock of the door in the living area in the area of the door, so that the key is in permanent communication with the lock.
• the lock thus releases the door permanently.
• An unauthorized third party can now gain access without further aids by merely opening and passing the door.
• the key and / or the lock emits a signal to the lock and / or the key, which signal is received by the receiving means of the lock and / or the key, wherein the receiving means of the lock and / or the key generates a received signal and, taking into account reception characteristics of the receiving means of the lock and / or the key, information about the position of the key with respect to the lock is obtained from the received signal or the transmitting and / or receiving means of the lock is designed in this way in that it emits a signal substantially exclusively in a predefinable area.
• the invention makes it possible to decide on the basis of the received signal determine whether a key is inside or outside, for example, an area secured by the locking system.
• the lock is intended only for the area outside the protected area for security purposes. This ensures that a person who is within the protected area can leave this area at any time without a key. In many cases, this is necessary for safety reasons, for example, to ensure escape or the like.
• the transmitting and / or receiving means may comprise, for example, an interface, for example a line interface or the like, but also one or more antennas for transmitting and / or receiving signals via radio, an infrared transmitter and / or receiver or the like.
• the lock comprises a controller, which communicates with the transmitting and / or receiving means in communication.
• the controller may be formed integrally with the transmitting and / or receiving means.
• the controller may process the received signal provided by the receiving means and, for example, check whether the received signal contains a valid identification code corresponding to a permission to operate the locking mechanism. If a valid authorization exists, the locking mechanism is actuated and the lock releases the access or access.
• the receiving means is part of the transmitting and / or receiving means. But it can also be a separate receiving means.
• the transmitting and / or receiving means also allows the lock to communicate with the key, in particular in a bidirectional communication connection.
• the electronic key has corresponding transmitting and / or receiving means which are suitable for establishing the communication connection.
• From the received signal can be determined on the lock side or key side, in which direction range is that lock or the key is in relation to the respective other object. This makes it possible to obtain information about the position of the key with respect to the lock. This information can be used to determine if the key is allowed to activate the locking mechanism. Thus, for example, it can be achieved that a key which is located within a space secured by the lock is not permitted for an actuation of the locking mechanism, in order to avoid that an unwanted unlocking takes place by a permanent or temporary communication between lock and key and thus unauthorized third parties can gain access or access from the outside. This selection makes it possible to further improve safety.
• the lock emits a signal substantially exclusively in a predeterminable area.
• the transmitting and / or receiving means of the castle is designed accordingly. This can be achieved that a communication with a key only takes place when it is in the field of transmission of the signal of the castle. Outside the area communication is not possible, so that this embodiment solves the above object and information about the position of the key is obtained in relation to the castle. Only the key can communicate with the lock, which is in the predefinable area. As a result, it can likewise be achieved that a key arranged within a secured room can not undesirably lead to an unlocking if the predefinable area is designed such that it lies substantially outside the protected area. A key within the protected area can thus not communicate with the lock. Therefore, a check of an identification code by the castle can not be done. The safety can be significantly improved.
• the lock and / or the key use a ready state and an operating state, with a communication between the lock and key only in the operating state is possible.
• This configuration makes it possible to reduce the power consumption of both the lock and the key by the standby state.
• the operating state is only required if there is also communication between a lock and a key.
• the standby state communication between the lock and the key is not provided, so that advantageously the transmitting and / or receiving means of both the key and the lock can be driven into an energy-saving mode or even switched off.
• the standby state may provide that, for example, an activation signal is transmitted by means of the transmission means.
• the activation signal is preferably a time-limited signal, so that the transmission means only needs to be activated for the duration of the transmission.
• the activation signal serves to switch a potential communication partner, for example a key or a lock, from the ready state into the operating state convict.
• the standby state can provide that the receiving means is activated at preferably predeterminable times for a likewise predeterminable time in order to be able to receive an activation signal.
• the use of the standby state also has the advantage that communication traffic can be reduced. As a result, channel capacities for communication can be reduced and the risk of mutual interference largely avoided.
• the lock and / or the key is moved by manual operation from the ready state to the operating state.
• a key of the key or the lock can be actuated for this purpose.
• an activation signal for the corresponding remote station can be sent out so that the key or the lock is likewise moved into the operating state.
• a communication between lock and key can be made.
• the lock and also the key can be returned to the standby state in order to be able to save energy. This can be done, for example, after a predeterminable time or the like.
• Switching or sensor means may also be provided which detect that further communication between the lock and the key is no longer required.
• the lock may have a cam, which is manually operable by means of a handle via a coupling, wherein on the shaft or the handle, for example, a position sensor is arranged. As soon as a change of position or movement is detected by an actuation of the handle, the lock can be transferred from the ready state into the operating state.
• the position sensor may for example be formed by a gravity sensor, a gyrosensor, a tilt sensor, a tilt sensor or the like.
• the sensor can, for example, be operated continuously in order to be able to continuously track current positions.
• the sensor is activated discontinuously at predeterminable times in order to be able to determine an actuation of the handle at these times.
• the discontinuous activation of the sensor makes it possible to realize a position detection with low energy consumption.
• the sensor can also be designed as an optical, inductive, capacitive or resistive sensor.
• the sensor may also be designed as a sound sensor, vibration sensor or the like.
• the lock, but also the key, in particular the handle of the lock has a sensor for biometric inputs, such as a fingerprint sensor, iris scan or the like.
• this can also be provided for the key, so that hereby the key can be transferred from its standby state into the operating state.
• a motion sensor can be provided which detects the movement of the key and / or the lock, in particular a handle of the lock. The motion sensor may also be used to transfer the lock or key from the standby state to the operating state.
• the motion sensor can be designed, in particular in connection with the lock, as a motion sensor for persons, so that a person approaching the lock is detected by means of the motion sensor of the lock and the lock is transferred from the ready state into the operating state.
• the different sensors can also be combined with each other. If a corresponding change in position and / or movement, in particular movement of the own movement, is detected, it is automatically possible to initiate the taking of the operating state.
• a further development provides that the lock and / or the key emits an activation signal, whereupon, upon receipt of the activation signal by the key and / or the lock, the system switches from the ready state to the operating state.
• This configuration makes it possible to activate the lock or the key by the respective other communication partner, namely the key or the lock, when it is in the energy-saving standby mode.
• the lock and the key in each case send each other an activation signal. If the lock or key is already in the operating state, the activation signal is only ignored. In order to be able to send out an activation signal, the transmission means is activated for this at least for a short time, so that the activation signal is intended can be sent out.
• the transmission means can automatically be moved back to the deactivated state to save energy.
• the activation signal itself can be formed for example by a signal, which preferably comprises an activation code. It can be transmitted by means of the appropriate communication media such as radio, infrared, ultrasound, magnetic field or the like.
• the transmitting and / or receiving means of the lock and the key are adapted to the communication medium adapted.
• the receiving means of the lock generates at least two received signals, from which the information about the position of the key is obtained with respect to the lock.
• the receiving means may be formed in two parts in this regard, so that two received signals can be generated independently.
• the receiving means are spatially separated from each other, so that due to a signal delay time offset or attenuation with respect to received signals can be determined, from which the information about the position of the key with respect to the lock can be obtained.
• the receiving means has two spatially-spaced antennas, from which the two received signals can be obtained. These can then be processed, for example, by means of a phase discriminator, rectification or the like, wherein information about the position can be obtained by comparing the processed received signals.
• a further embodiment provides that the received signals are multiplexed.
• This has the advantage that only one evaluation circuit must be available for the evaluation of the at least two received signals.
• the evaluation circuit is mutually coupled to the respective received signals so as to be able to determine the information about the position.
• the speed with which the multiplexing is carried out is preferably predeterminably adapted to the respective received signals. This embodiment makes it possible to reduce the effort for the evaluation of the received signals as a whole and thereby not only material costs but also energy save.
• a received signal with a signal level below a predeterminable comparison level is not taken into account.
• the comparison level is adjustable.
• it can be adaptively automatically adjustable, wherein the comparison level is increased from a presettable setting so long that the received signal can be reliably received. This makes it possible to achieve good interference suppression.
• this also applies to the key.
• This configuration is advantageous on the key side, in particular when a plurality of locks are in communication range, but different received signal levels are determined on the key side. The reliability can be further improved.
• this embodiment is suitable on the lock side, in particular in combination with a receiving means, which has an antenna with a screen.
• the key is located on the side facing away from the antenna of the screen, a signal emitted by the key is attenuated so that it does not exceed this with a suitable setting of the comparison level and is not taken into account by the castle.
• the lock thus does not carry out a check of an identification code of the key. Thus, an unwanted release of the lock through the lock can not be achieved.
• an electronic locking system of the generic type which is characterized in that the receiving means of the lock and / or the key has an evaluation circuit by means of a relative position of the key with respect to the lock can be determined.
• the receiving means of the lock and / or the key may be formed integrally with the transmitting and / or receiving means.
• the evaluation circuit may be part of the receiving means. But it can also be arranged as a separate module in the castle. Alternatively it can be provided that the evaluation circuit is formed integrally with the control of the castle.
• the receiving means is coupled with the evaluation circuit communication technology, so that a received signal, the is generated by the receiving means due to a received signal, the evaluation circuit is available and can be evaluated.
• the evaluation circuit can determine the relative position of the key with respect to the lock. This makes it possible to determine whether the key is located in an area to be secured by the lock and thus no operation of the lock should be due to this key.
• This embodiment is particularly suitable for use in the private sector, in which an operation of the castle from the inside - that is, for example, from living rooms or the like - should not be operated.
• the key can be stored in the area of the castle in the living room, without this leading to an operation of the castle and thus can gain access to unauthorized third parties. The safety can be significantly improved thereby.
• the locking system may also include one or more devices for amplifying and / or relaying signals, preferably information and / or energy, in the directional or undirected direction, for example one or more relay stations.
• the relay station may at least partially or additionally include functions of the lock and / or the key.
• a redundancy with regard to at least part of the functional scope of the lock can be achieved. If, for example, the lock has been damaged by vandalism so that it can not communicate with a key, then by using suitable equipment of the relay station, the defect can be remedied by the relay station taking over the communication with the key.
• the lock preferably has a control to which the evaluation circuit is connected.
• the lock on the basis of a signal of the evaluation circuit, carries out a check of the key's identification code obtained from the key or not. If the evaluation circuit specifies that a check of the identification code should not take place, then the lock remains in its locking state and access or access is denied. On the other hand, if the evaluation circuit determines a key whose identification code is to be checked, then a corresponding signal is transmitted to the control so that the control has a check of the identification code of the key performs a valid authorization and causes a release of the locking mechanism in response to this check.
• the locking mechanism may be formed, for example, by a coupling which may be operated by the controller to couple a handle or a part of a multi-part handle with a latch. In the coupled state, the latch can be unlocked by means of manual actuation of the handle so that access or access is enabled. It can also be provided that the locking mechanism comprises a controllable by the control bar, so that an automatic unlocking and locking can be achieved.
• the receiving means of the lock may have at least two receiving elements, which are preferably connected to the evaluation circuit.
• the receiving elements may be formed by antenna units, but they may also be formed by an antenna unit in conjunction with a screen.
• the evaluation circuit can determine the relative position of the key with respect to the lock on the basis of the at least two received signals supplied by the receiving elements.
• this takes place in that the relative position of the key in relation to the lock is known by a directivity and orientation of the shield in conjunction with the antenna unit, as soon as a sufficient received signal is emitted by the receiving element.
• the receiving elements can be arranged at spatially separated positions. Preferably, they are part of the lock and in particular arranged integrated in a lock housing. If the receiving element is an antenna unit, it may be formed by a directional antenna unit, which directional antenna unit has at least one preferred direction with regard to the reception and / or transmission properties.
• the receiving means in particular the evaluation circuit may comprise a multiplexer.
• the evaluation circuit can be coupled in a predeterminable manner with the receiving means or receiving elements, so that their respective received signal can be evaluated by the evaluation circuit.
• the evaluation circuit may have means for rectifying the received signals and for subtracting or comparing the rectified signals. From the result, information about the relative position of the key with respect to the lock can be obtained.
• a phase comparison or the like may be provided.
• a phase discriminator can be provided in the evaluation circuit.
• the lock has a sensor for manual operation of the lock.
• the sensor may be formed for example by a position and / or motion sensor which is coupled to a handle of the lock.
• a sensor for biometric data may also be provided, for example a fingerprint sensor, an iris scanner or the like.
• the key has a position and / or motion sensor.
• This makes it possible to transfer the key from a standby mode to an operating mode upon detection of a position and / or movement change, so that the key can preferably automatically enter into communication with the lock. After successful and complete communication with the lock, the key can automatically be returned to the standby state to save energy.
• it can be achieved by means of the position and / or movement sensor that energy is generated due to changes in position and / or movement that can be stored in a rechargeable energy store of the key. This can be achieved that the key not only requires a reduced energy storage, but it can also be achieved a long operating life of the key beyond.
• the position and / or motion sensor may comprise a weight which drives an electric generator in the key via a transmission.
• the present invention further relates to an electronic key with a transmitting and / or receiving means which serves a temporary or permanent, preferably wireless communication connection to a first communication partner, in particular an electronic lock, as well as with an electrical energy storage and with an energy storage coupled to the energy storage means, which coupling to a second and / or the first communication partner of the key for the transmission of electrical energy from the key to the first and / or second communication partner provides.
• the invention relates to an electronic locking system.
• the locks in particular electronic locks can be operated with the electronic keys, for example in the form of radio keys.
• Such locks have a transceiver unit which, upon request by a key signal, which is also emitted by the key by means of a transceiver unit, in communication with this.
• the electronic key comprises an electronic circuit which has the transmitting and / or receiving means.
• the lock checks authorization for access or access.
• the key transmits a corresponding data signal, for example an identification code or the like. Often, the transmission of this data signal is triggered by manual actuation of a key of the key.
• a locking unit is actuated, whereby the key holder is allowed to gain access. This can be done, for example, by releasing a door, a flap or a door for opening or also releasing a sliding closure unit, for example a sliding door or a sliding window, for actuation.
• lock and key should not only include the colloquially assigned units, but also in essence also mobile and / or stationary units.
• the key can also be arranged as a radio keypad on a frame of a door or in a region adjacent to the door.
• An access searcher must enter his identification via the keypad, whereupon the Radio keypad communicates with the lock.
• the identification may also include biometric data, for example fingerprints, an iris scan or the like.
• biometric data for example fingerprints, an iris scan or the like.
• a lock of a motor vehicle is essentially mobile.
• a lock is any unit which, upon request, permits access or access if a valid authorization, namely a security secret or an identification, exists.
• the present invention may also be combined with mechanical keys and locks.
• DE 10 2006 002 119 A1 discloses a locking system of the generic type.
• the locking system comprises an electronic lock, which is actuated by means of an electronic key.
• the key has a transmitting unit coupled to an antenna, via which the secret of secrecy is transmitted in the form of a radio signal to the lock.
• the lock also has an antenna with which the signal emitted by the key can be received and fed to a control unit. This evaluates the signal or the secret message transmitted with the signal and actuates the locking device in the presence of an authorization.
• DE 10 2006 010 436 A1 discloses a generic key.
• the electronic key is part of a locking system with an electronic lock.
• the lock can communicate with the electronic key, the key transmitting an identification code or a key secret to the lock.
• the lock checks the identification code or the key secret and in the presence of a valid authorization access or access is granted.
• both the key and the lock are energy-technically self-sufficient, so that a reliable function can be ensured regardless of the availability of external power supplies.
• Even with the lowest energy consumption, the stored in the battery electrical energy is eventually used up. In this case, it is preferable to replace the battery in a timely manner to ensure continued use of the electronic key.
• a power supply via the key is often out of consideration for the above reasons, because thereby the operating time of the key would be significantly reduced or correspondingly large and heavy batteries would have to be provided in the key, so that especially in mobile keys usability would suffer significantly.
• generic locks are usually installed inaccessible, so that a replacement of the battery is very expensive.
• the invention is therefore based on the invention to develop a generic key and a generic locking system to the effect that a simple permanently reliable operation of the electronic key and the locking system can be achieved. Furthermore, the reliability of a legitimate access or access should be improved.
• the electrical energy store is rechargeable and energy-technically coupled to an interface port, via which interface connection the energy store electrical energy can be supplied, and / or that a communication link to the electronic lock can be produced via an interface connection.
• the interface connector allows the key to be connected to a power source for charging purposes.
• the interface connection is preferably standardized, so that a connection to as large a variety of energy sources is possible.
• Suitable energy sources are electrical or electronic devices which have a correspondingly corresponding interface connection which can be coupled to the interface connection of the key. The devices can draw the energy from a public power supply, their own batteries or the like.
• it can be provided to connect the interface connection with an interface connection, for example, a computer, a laptop or the like.
• Such devices are now widely used and available almost everywhere, so that the key can be virtually any time supplied with energy.
• the energy store of the key can be loaded via the interface connection, so that the key is essentially permanently available for its intended function. So the user can charge his electronic key, for example, at work on a computer during his job.
• the key can be designed as a transponder key, which comprises a preferably arranged in a housing transponder.
• the transponder is a particular radio-based communication device that receives incoming signals and automatically answers or forwards.
• the use of transponders is of course not limited to radio but can also be used in ultrasound, infrared, magnetic fields or the like.
• the term transponder is composed of the terms transmitter and responder. Transponders can be passive or active.
• passive transponders are understood to be systems which receive energy required exclusively for communication and the processing of internal processes from the field of the communication partner. Passive transponders thus work separately.
• active transponders have their own energy supply, often in the form of a battery or a rechargeable battery. As a result, active transponders not only enable greater communication ranges, but also the management of larger data memories or the operation of integrated sensors becomes feasible.
• semi-active transponders In addition to the pure forms of the passive or active transponder also exist semi-active transponders. In the case of the latter transponders, for example, a separate energy supply can be provided for individual functions.
• the key has a display, for example a light-emitting diode or the like, which emits a light signal during charging, so that the user can determine whether the energy store is being supplied with energy.
• the charging process is terminated automatically as soon as the energy store has reached a predetermined state of charge. This can be signaled for example by switching off the display.
• the invention thus makes it possible to reduce the effort associated with the use of batteries, for example, by the energy storage is firmly integrated into the key. For a replacement of the energy storage required components such as lockable storage compartments, suitable spring contacts and / or the like can be saved. In addition, this can also be increased reliability, because in particular incorrect operations such as a battery incorrectly inserted or the like, caused by incorrect operation damage, for example, to contacts for the energy storage and the like can be avoided. Thus, at the same time the reliability and user-friendliness are improved.
• Coupled in the sense of the invention means that energy can be supplied to the energy store via the interface connection, wherein the coupling is in particular an energy-technical coupling.
• a charging device is provided for the energy-technical coupling, which may for example also be part of an electronic circuit of the key.
• the charging circuit can be adapted to optimally charge the energy store with energy, so that it can be charged as quickly as possible, while at the same time aging due to overloading effects of the energy store can be largely avoided.
• an adaptation with regard to the electrical voltage can be provided, in particular if the voltage provided at the interface connection does not match the charging voltage of the energy store.
• the charging device has a detection capability of the state of charge of the energy storage, so that the energy storage is not applied to energy upon reaching a predetermined state of charge. Overloading the Energy storage can be avoided.
• the charging device may preferably be formed by a clocked electronic circuit which emits energy provided by the interface connection to the energy store with high efficiency.
• electrical energy is transmitted from the first and / or second communication partner to the key by means of the energy transfer means.
• the key may include an electronic circuit that is programmable via the interface connector. This makes it possible, not only to achieve charging of the energy storage device using the same connection, but also to set up the electronic circuit in a suitable manner, so that it is suitable for the intended use with predefinable locks.
• other protection functions can be set, with which a misuse of the key can be reduced. For example, encodings, encryptions and / or the like can be adapted, changed, or replaced or supplemented by other standards.
• the electronic circuitry may provide the functions required for its intended use, including, but not limited to: retention and provision of key secrecy upon request; Producing, operating and / or terminating a communication connection to a communication partner, in particular lock, key or the like.
• the electronic circuit can also control the energy storage, for example with regard to charging and / or discharging operations.
• the electronic circuit may be formed by an assembly comprising a board equipped with components.
• an assembly may be provided in the form of a thick-film and / or thin-film circuit.
• the electronic circuit may be at least partially formed by an integrated electronic circuit (IC).
• the electronic circuit may have its own power supply, for example a battery, an accumulator, a solar cell or the like.
• the key also has an energy transfer device, in particular energy-technologically coupled to the energy store, which has a preferably wireless energy-related coupling to a communication partner of the key, in particular an electronic lock, for the transmission of electrical energy from the key to the communication partner.
• the power engineering coupling can be provided for example by a plug connection, wherein at least two electrical contacts of the key are connected to two corresponding mating contacts of the communication partner or castle. This makes it possible that an energy flow can be established from the key to the communication partner or lock.
• the key has the energy transfer means, which may be formed by an electronic circuit, which may also be part of the electronic circuit of the key.
• the energy transfer agent is connected to the energy storage, so that it can take energy from the energy storage.
• the power engineering coupling can also be wireless, for example, by the energy can be transmitted by means of electrical, magnetic, electromagnetic fields or the like.
• An embodiment may provide the power engineering coupling based on light.
• the energy transfer means may be formed on the key side by a light-emitting diode, laser diode or the like, which can emit light with a high radiation power.
• an adapted photocell can be provided, which allows the received radiation to be converted directly into electrical energy.
• the energy transfer means contains circuit units which allow adaptation to the respective energy-technical coupling for the purpose of energy transfer.
• a control of the energy flow can be achieved.
• the communication partner of the key can also be another key, which is supplied by the key with energy for its intended operation. Through the energy technology coupling can be achieved that energy is transferred from the energy storage of the key to the communication partner, so that it can take its intended function or continue.
• Lock side can also be achieved by this configuration that in a self-sufficient energy supply of the castle, for example by means of battery, this can be reduced in capacity, since at least a portion of the energy required for the operation of the castle can be provided by the key.
• the energy store can be completely saved on the lock side.
• This embodiment is particularly suitable for locks whose maintenance would require a lot of effort, for example due to a physically remote position or the like.
• the key has a transmitting and / or receiving means, by means of which the key maintains a preferably wireless communication connection to the communication partner, in particular the electronic lock. The key is thus enabled to transmit his key secret or his identification to the communication partner or to the castle, so that an authorization can be checked.
• the communication partner or the lock transmits an identification to the key. Further data can be exchanged between the key and the communication partner or lock. So not only a unidirectional but also a bidirectional communication connection can be achieved. In the case of a unidirectional communication connection, only one transmitting unit is required on the key side and only one receiving unit on the closing side.
• the transmitting and / or receiving means is preferably also part of the electronic circuit.
• the communication connection can be wired on the one hand, for example by the key has a connector, which can be preferably coupled with a suitably designed connector of the communication partner wired.
• the communication connection is wireless, for example based on radio, infrared, ultrasound or the like.
• the transmitting and / or receiving means is adapted to the respective communication connection.
• the transmitting and / or receiving means may be part of an electronic circuit.
• the electronic circuitry of the key can provide the predetermined functionality of the key.
• the electronic circuit may contain the secret of secrecy, for example in the form of a code, an identification code or the like, which can be transmitted on request to the communication partner or the lock.
• the electronic circuit can have a memory unit and / or a computer unit for this purpose.
• the interface connection can be formed by at least one connection of a communication interface, in particular a USB connection and / or a PCMCIA connection.
• a communication interface in particular a USB connection and / or a PCMCIA connection.
• a number of standardized communication interfaces provide not only the possibility of establishing a communication connection but also the provision of electrical energy.
• modules may be, for example, memory cards, external hard disks or the like.
• the interface protocol already provides for a power supply, for example to a limited extent, this power supply can be used to charge the energy store of the key.
• the key is merely connected to the corresponding interface of the device, which should charge the energy storage of the key.
• Such a device may be, for example, a device of telecommunications, such as a computer, a laptop, but also a game console or the like.
• a USB port or a PCMCIA port already results from the fact that these interfaces have found worldwide distribution and are available virtually everywhere. For a potential user of the key, it is thus possible to charge the energy store of the key essentially everywhere.
• the high availability of the charging options makes it possible to further reduce the energy storage capacity in terms of its capacity without significant limitations in terms of usability being expected. This results from the fact that the user can charge his key to virtually any number of locations as needed. Volume and weight can be saved.
• the electrical energy store supplies the electronic circuit of the key with electrical energy for its intended function. So in the key only a single energy storage to provide all functions of the key can be realized. In addition, expenses for the control of the energy storage can be reduced, since only a single energy storage or an array of energy storage is to control.
• the energy store can also be formed from partial energy stores, which are arranged in parallel, series and / or matrix circuit. As a result, the energy store can be adapted with respect to its electrical data to the requirements for the operation of the electronic circuit.
• a development provides that the energy transfer means and the transmitting and / or receiving means are integrally formed. This makes it possible to further reduce the number of assemblies and components. The key can be made more compact become.
• a specifiable amount of energy can be transmitted by means of the energy transfer agent. This makes it possible to limit the energy loss of the energy storage of the key. From the energy store, preferably only as much energy is taken as is necessary to carry out the desired function. Thus, it can be provided that an amount of energy is adjusted so that it is sufficient to operate the lock for access or access. As a result, the function of the electronic key can be extended with regard to the service life or the capacity of the energy store can be further reduced.
• this embodiment allows, in particular in one-piece training with the transmitting and / or receiving means to optimize the transmitting and / or receiving means in terms of energy transport, so that it can be made more cost effective and compact, because a continuous energy technology coupling is not required ,
• the transmitting and / or receiving means, which is formed integrally with the energy transfer means, is therefore to be interpreted only for a pulse load.
• a further embodiment provides that the energy transfer means is designed for the supply of energy to the key.
• This configuration allows the key to be supplied with energy not only via the interface connection, but also via the energy transfer means. If, for example, the interface connection is damaged, it is possible to continue to guarantee the intended use of the key by charging the energy store via the energy transfer medium.
• an energy-related coupling to a communication partner can be provided, which supplies energy to the key via the energy-related coupling.
• the power engineering coupling can also be made to another location, which have suitable coupling options.
• a corresponding coupling possibility can be provided, for example, by a SMART card reader or the like.
• the energy transfer agent is designed for bi-directional energy transfer.
• the energy transfer agent is coupled energy-technically with the interface connection.
• electrical energy supplied via the interface connection can preferably be conducted directly to the energy transfer medium, via which the energy can be transmitted to the communication partner via the energy-related coupling.
• This makes it possible, for example, to charge an energy store of the communication partner with the help of the key. It proves to be advantageous that the energy storage of the key does not have to provide energy, that is, the useful life of the key is not affected.
• the key has a motion sensor.
• the motion sensor makes it possible to determine whether the key is being moved, for example, being transported in a bag or the like. This will determine if the key changes its spatial position.
• the motion sensor is coupled to an electrical generator, by means of which generator the energy store can be charged.
• generator the energy store can be charged.
• a further embodiment provides that the key has a stand-by circuit.
• the stand-by circuit makes it possible to put the key in a state in which it has a very low power consumption. This can be done, for example, by detecting when a communication connection is terminated. After the communication connection has ended, all functions not required can be switched off so that their energy consumption can be saved. It may be provided, for example, that the key emits an initiation signal at predeterminable times or, for a predefined time, is ready to receive in order to be able to receive a signal from a communication partner. If a corresponding signal is detected, the key is returned to the active state and the establishment of a communication connection can be initiated.
• the key is brought into the standby state after a predefinable time in which the motion sensor has detected no movement in order to save energy. By a new movement, the transfer to the active state can be initiated.
• both the movement and other radio tions such as the aforementioned dependence on the communication connection are taken into account.
• a deactivation circuit can be provided.
• the deactivation circuit deactivates the transmitting and / or receiving means, so that no communication connection can be established.
• the key has a manually operable button or the like, with which the key is deactivated.
• activation of the key can be provided by deactivating the activation circuit itself.
• the deactivation circuit may be part of the electronic circuit of the key. It may further be provided that the deactivation circuit is controlled by the motion sensor. For example, if the key is deactivated and a movement is detected by means of the motion sensor, an automatic activation of the key can be provided. The key is then ready again to enter into a communication connection with a communication partner.
• the energy store has at least two partial energy storage.
• the partial energy storage are electrically decoupled from each other. This allows the partial energy storages to be serially discharged serially. Furthermore, it allows to use a partial energy storage as a reserve for the operation of the key. It can be provided that the partial energy storage provided for the reserve is not released for the provision of energy to the communication partner. In this way, a minimum duration of the key can be guaranteed.
• the partial energy storage are energy storage of different types. For example, it may be provided that a first partial energy storage is formed by an accumulator and a second partial energy storage by a capacitor.
• the key has an actuating element by means of which the transmission of electrical energy can be activated and / or deactivated.
• the actuating element is designed, for example, in the form of a switch, a button or the like, which actuating element is preferably manually operable.
• the user By means of the actuating element, it is possible for the user to control the transmission of energy. The user thus decides whether, when and how much energy is transferred from the key to the communication partner or the lock.
• the production and / or termination of the energy-related coupling can be controlled by means of the actuating element.
• the wireless energy technology coupling can be directed. This makes it possible to produce the power engineering coupling with a high efficiency. Losses can be reduced. In addition, it can be achieved by this configuration that also necessary for the production of energy technology coupling energy transfer means can be reduced in terms of their interpretation. Costs as well as weight and construction volume can be saved.
• the invention also proposes an electronic locking system comprising:
• At least one electronic lock in particular a door lock, which lock has a control circuit with a transmitting and / or receiving means, a locking mechanism and an energy transfer means, which energy transfer means provides a preferably wireless coupling to an electronic key for the transmission of electrical energy from the key to the lock;
• At least one electronic key with an electronic circuit which has a transmitting and / or receiving means which a temporally limited or permanent, preferably wireless communication connection to a communication partner, in particular the electronic lock is used, as well as with a rechargeable electrical energy storage and energy-coupled with the energy storage energy transfer agent, which preferably wireless energy technology coupling to a communication partner of the key, in particular the electronic lock for transmission provides electrical energy from the key to the communication partner, wherein the key has an interface connection, which interface connection is energy-technically coupled to the electrical energy storage, via which interface connection the energy storage electrical energy can be supplied; and
• At least one electrical energy source connectable to the interface port.
• the electronic locking system of the invention makes it possible to charge an electronic key by connecting to an electrical energy source via an interface connection and thus to ensure continuous use of the key and thus also of the locking system.
• the invention proves to be related to electronic locks, which can relate at least part of the energy required to carry out an operation of the key.
• the key is also provided the energy required for the operation of the lock
• the key is subject to increased energy consumption, which can be compensated by the fact that the key can be regularly charged via the interface connection.
• the energy store can be reduced, if not completely saved.
• a complex maintenance of locks can be reduced in this way, if not avoid.
• the lock can be improved in terms of safety, as there is no reason for access to the energy storage.
• the locking system may also include one or more relay stations.
• the lock has an interface connection corresponding to the interface connection of the lock for the energy-related coupling with the key.
• This embodiment allows the key over the Interface interface with the corresponding interface port of the castle to connect and produce in this way an energy technology coupling.
• the transmitting and / or receiving means is integrally formed with the energy transfer means, in this way a simple, reliable coupling can be made, which also provides a communication technology coupling in addition to the energy-related coupling.
• this may be wired, but in an advantageous embodiment, it is also possible that a wireless interface, for example based on radio, infrared or the like is used.
• a further embodiment provides that energy can be supplied to both the key and the lock, preferably via the interface connection, by means of the energy source.
• the key receives energy from the energy source via its interface connection and at the same time forwards a further portion of the energy referred to via the energy transfer medium to the lock.
• an emergency operation can be created in the event that both the lock and the key with their energy stores do not have sufficient energy to operate the lock can.
• the interface connection can be designed for wireless energy-related coupling. In this way, a particularly robust embodiment can be achieved, since contacts and the like as well as the error sources associated therewith can be avoided. In addition, this can be achieved an improved security, since the lock requires no directly accessible to the outside ports.
• the wireless energy-technical coupling can be formed for example on the basis of radio, magnetic fields, electric fields, light or the like.
• the electrical energy store of the key can supply the electronic circuit of the key with electrical energy for its intended function.
• the number of energy storage devices and the components required for their control can be reduced.
• From a supply voltage for the electronic circuit can for example be closed directly to states of the energy storage. This makes it possible to achieve a particularly simple control of the energy store.
• the interface connection and the energy transfer means are integrally formed. As a result, a further simplification of the electronic circuit and a reduction of the components can be achieved.
• the invention further proposes an electronic lock, in particular a door lock, which lock has a transmitting and / or receiving means and a locking mechanism, the receiving means of the lock having an evaluation circuit by means of which a relative position of the key with respect to the lock can be determined ,
• the lock can actuate the locking mechanism on the basis of received with the transmitting and / or receiving means, an identification code signals, so that in the presence of a valid authorization access or access can be released.
• the lock enters into a communication with an electronic key, wherein preferably a bidirectional communication is provided.
• the preferably integrally formed with the transmitting and / or receiving means receiving means of the lock has an evaluation circuit, which allows to determine the relative position of the key with respect to the lock on the basis of the received signals and the received signals generated therefrom. For this purpose, reception characteristics of the receiving means are taken into account, which make it possible to obtain relevant information.
• the lock can be designed as a transponder lock. In this regard, the above statements on the transponder key apply accordingly.
• the receiving means of the lock may have at least two receiving elements, which are preferably connected to the evaluation circuit.
• the receiving elements may be formed by antennas, directional antennas, a combination of an antenna with a screen, combinations thereof, or the like.
• the receiving means in particular the evaluation circuit having a multiplexer.
• the circuit complexity of the evaluation circuit can be reduced.
• the lock a sensor for a manual Has operation of the castle.
• the sensor may serve to transition the lock from a standby state to an operational state so that it can communicate with a key.
• the sensor can, as stated above, be formed.
• an electronic key of the generic type is proposed with the invention, which is characterized in that the receiving means of the key has an evaluation circuit by means of a relative position of the key with respect to the lock can be determined.
• the receiving means of the key which may be integrally formed with the transmitting and / or receiving means, receives a signal of a lock, and this feeds the evaluation circuit.
• the signal of the lock preferably contains information about its position.
• the evaluation circuit can determine the relative position of the key with respect to the lock.
• the position determining means of the key may be, for example, a GPS receiver, local location means or the like. By means of the position detection means, the position of the key can be detected.
• the key also preferably has an electronic circuit with which the key-related functions can be realized.
• the identification code is also stored in a memory in the electronic circuit, which can be transmitted to the lock for checking in order to gain access or access. If the evaluation circuit determines that the relative position of the key with respect to the lock is such that actuation of the lock is not required, for example because the key is located within a living space, it may be provided that the key does not send any further signals to the lock Castle sends out. This avoids that the lock gets, for example, from within the living room a signal, due to which it releases the locking mechanism, whereby unauthorized third parties could gain access.
• the key may further include a position and / or motion sensor.
• a position and / or motion sensor This makes it possible for the key, which is preferably operated in a standby mode to save energy, to be put into an operating state from this state.
• the key can establish communication with the lock.
• the situation and / or Motion sensor can also be used for power generation purposes, for example, to generate electrical energy from a movement of the key or a change in position of the key via a gearbox using an electric generator to charge an electrical energy storage of the key can.
• the energy storage can be made smaller and more compact, so that the total weight and dimensions of the key can be reduced without significantly deteriorate its operating characteristics.
• the invention further relates to a lock, in particular door lock for mortise locks, with a longitudinal axis defining housing, a arranged on a shaft cam for actuating a bolt and / or a case, wherein the shaft is rotatable relative to the housing, with a first, in particular rotationally fixed handle connected to the shaft, with which the cam is movable, and with a second handle which is coupled after detection of an authorization code with the shaft and connected in the coupled state with the cam.
• a lock in particular door lock for mortise locks, with a longitudinal axis defining housing, a arranged on a shaft cam for actuating a bolt and / or a case, wherein the shaft is rotatable relative to the housing, with a first, in particular rotationally fixed handle connected to the shaft, with which the cam is movable, and with a second handle which is coupled after detection of an authorization code with the shaft and connected in the coupled state with the cam.
• Such locks are installed in particular in the entrance door area in door leaves, with the shaft over the opening and closing of the door, that is, the movement of a case is performed.
• a lock is disclosed for example in DE 102 25 490 A1.
• the shaft on the outside of the door on a handle in particular a freely rotatable knob, which only allows actuation of the case, if previously on the lock cylinder, an authorization code is verified.
• a handle is also arranged, for example in the form of a rotary knob, which also serves to open the door without verification of the authorization code for actuating the latch. This ensures that such a trained door from a building interior can always be opened, whereas access to the building is only possible if previously a valid authorization code was entered, which causes the coupling between the outside handle and the case.
• the authorization code may be mechanical or electronic in nature and entered with appropriate input means.
• the authorization code may be a locking secret of a conventional key.
• the authorization code can also be formed electronically by a preferably digital code, for example, via a keyboard or wirelessly, For example, can be entered via wireless into the castle.
• This case is particularly critical for locks in which not only the latch but also the bolt is actuated with a building-inside knob, ie locks with an anti-panic function.
• a lock is to be equipped with an anti-panic function, the undefined position of the lock bart proves to be disadvantageous. This can cause operating errors as well as malfunction.
• the invention is therefore based on the invention to improve the aforementioned disadvantages.
• a position sensor is provided which detects at least the position of the locking bar relative to the housing and makes available associated data.
• the position of the locking bit can be detected for the first time. It can be provided that the position sensor detects only the position of the Schschbarts in the preferred position, thus only a single preferred position of the Schschbarts is determined. In addition, however, it can also be provided that the position sensor detects the current position of the locking bit. This can be indicated for example by an angle specification, space coordinates, vectors or the like. Accordingly, the position sensor provides data that can be supplied to a further data processing. Accordingly, the position sensor can for example by a Gravity sensor, a gyrosensor, a tilt sensor may be formed by a tilt sensor or the like.
• the sensor can, for example, be operated continuously in order to be able to continuously track the current position of the closing bar.
• the sensor is activated discontinuously at predeterminable times in order to be able to determine the respective position of the locking bar at these times.
• the sensor is activated on the basis of a detection of an actuation of the lock.
• the discontinuous activation of the sensor makes it possible to realize a position detection with low energy consumption.
• the sensor can also be designed as an optical, inductive, capacitive or resistive sensor.
• the sensor may also be designed as a sound sensor or the like.
• the position sensor can be arranged for example on the cam itself and / or on the housing.
• the sensor may be formed, for example, two or more parts, wherein at least one of its parts on the cam and at least a second of its parts is arranged on the housing.
• the position sensor additionally detects the direction of rotation and / or the rotational path of the Schschschbarts after a last clutch and / or decoupling of the shaft with one, in particular the second handle and provides the associated data. From this additional data obtained information for the use of the castle can be drawn. In addition, this embodiment allows to deduce the nature of the operation.
• the position sensor is designed as an electronic component. It can thereby be made very compact, so that it can be easily integrated into a generic lock.
• the electronic component can be designed, for example, as an electronic circuit in the form of a thick-film circuit, in the form of a semiconductor chip or the like. A compact, lightweight and reliable position sensor can be achieved.
• the position sensor can have a storage element which serves to record data relating to the direction of rotation, the angle of rotation and / or the position of the closing bar relative to the housing.
• the storage element thus makes it possible to set up a usage history that provides information about the use of the lock gives.
• the data is provided with timestamps so that detailed analysis of the use of the lock is possible.
• the time stamps can be generated by means of a clock, in particular an electronic clock.
• the position sensor may include a gyrosensor, a tilt sensor and / or a gravity sensor. With the gyro sensor, the movement sequence of the lock bit can be followed.
• a tilt sensor is preferably used when only the deviation of the SchOUGbarts from a preferred position or another predetermined position to be determined.
• a gravity sensor can be used, with which the position of the SchOUGbarts can be determined with respect to a direction of the gravitational force.
• the sensors may preferably be designed as electronic components, so that they have compact dimensions and can be structurally easily integrated into the lock.
• the position sensor is arranged in a handle, in particular in the handle, which is coupled after detection of an authorization code with the shaft and connected in the coupled state with the cam. In this way it can be achieved that an intervention in the housing can be largely avoided.
• the integration of the position sensor in the lock can be simplified.
• the position sensor may be plate-shaped and inserted in a holder in the handle.
• the holder may be formed of two diametrically opposite arranged rails, which are formed in cross-section U-shaped. By the U-shaped design of the rails, a receptacle for the plate-shaped position sensor can be achieved, so that it can be inserted for example in a longitudinal direction.
• the authorization code can be input via an input device which is arranged in the handle or is an integral part of the handle.
• the input device can be formed for example by a keypad, sensors for biometric properties or the like.
• the sensors may detect, for example, a finger profile, electrical properties of a skin surface or the like.
• the sensors may, for example, on an outer surface be arranged in the handle region of the handle, so that upon actuation of the handle, the desired properties of an actuating hand can be preferably detected automatically.
• a keypad with one or more keys may be provided, which are to be operated according to an operation of the handle by means of one hand.
• the input device may have a memory element which serves to store access data.
• the memory element may be, for example, an electronic memory element in the form of a memory chip or the like.
• the access data may be, for example, authorization codes, biometric data, in particular data relating to fingerprints or the like. This allows the input device to compare already acquired data in the form of authorization codes, biometrically acquired data and the like with correspondingly stored values in order to obtain a timely decision as to whether the shaft should be coupled with a handle.
• the storage element is preferably arranged protected, so that it is not accessible from the outside.
• the memory element is arranged separately from the input device, wherein the transmission of data from the input device to the memory element in particular wirelessly, for example via a radio connection, such as a Bluetooth connection.
• a radio connection such as a Bluetooth connection.
• Various encryption methods can be used, so that the transferable data can not be read out by unauthorized persons.
• the input device is arranged outside the building, while the storage element is preferably arranged on the opposite side of the door of the input device.
• the input device is therefore weatherproof.
• the input device is also designed to be interchangeable, without this giving access to the memory element.
• the input device is designed as a biometric sensor, in particular for receiving a fingerprint.
• a biometric sensor in particular for receiving a fingerprint.
• the authorization code does not have to be carried in the form of a separate element, key or the like, so that an authorized person can reach a permissible actuation of the lock without further aids.
• the handle can be designed as a rotary knob with preferably round cross-section. The cross section may be formed, for example, circular or elliptical. Of course, combinations may be provided to form, for example, ergonomic rotary knobs.
• the handle is adapted to an actuating hand, so that an ergonomically favorable operation can be achieved.
• the handle can be designed such that when actuated by a person, the biometric sensor is actuated in the correct manner. The reliability of the operation of the lock can be improved.
• the input device is arranged in the region of a recessed grip, which extends from an end face of the handle in its longitudinal direction.
• the recessed grip is designed for a selected finger, for example the index finger.
• the biometric sensor can be arranged, which detects and evaluates the corresponding pattern of the finger when the handle is properly gripped.
• the recessed grip extends from an end face of the handle in its longitudinal direction.
• the longitudinal direction of the handle is preferably aligned parallel to the longitudinal direction of the shaft.
• the end face is the surface of the handle opposite the side of the handle facing the lock.
• a restoring device for the cam be controlled via the relative to the housing with respect to the position of the Schschhausbarts and provided data provided.
• the restoring device can be formed, for example, by a mechanical restoring device in the form of a spring accumulator or the like, but it can also be formed by an electromechanical, pneumatic and / or hydraulic restoring device, for example by a lifting magnet, a stepping motor or the like.
• the reset device is driven in accordance with the determined and provided data, so that a possible energy-saving operation of the Sch vinegarbarts can be done. It can be provided that an actuation energy for the cam when reaching the Regained preferential position to further reduce energy consumption.
• the restoring device may have a drive which rotates the shaft in a predetermined position during activation.
• the predetermined position is a preferred position, which assumes the cam when the lock is not operated.
• the predetermined position may also be a different position than the preferred position.
• the drive can have means with which the reaching of the predetermined position can be detected. But he can also evaluate this data of the position sensor, which detect reaching the predetermined position by the cam.
• the drive may be formed by a spring drive, but it may also be formed by an electric, pneumatic or hydraulic drive. Of course, the drive may also have a gear to optimally adjust a movement of the drive to a movement of the shaft to be made.
• the predetermined position may be controllable via the position sensor.
• the position sensor is preferably connected to the lock bit such that it can detect the predetermined position of the lock bit and can generate corresponding data.
• the restoring device may comprise a linear motor, in particular a spring accumulator, which can be tensioned by rotation of the shaft. This allows stored in the operation of the lock mechanical energy stored in the spring store and ready for the provision of Schstedbarts in its rest position. If the operation of the lock is completed, the shaft can be rotated by means of the linear motor so that the cam takes his preferred position.
• the restoring device has a toothed gear, which converts the rotational movement of the shaft in a linear movement substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing, wherein the linear movement, a spring is tensioned.
• the gear transmission can, for example Toothed wheels with longitudinal or helical teeth have to optimize the functional sequence.
• the implementation of the rotational movement in a linear movement through the gearbox makes it possible to form the drive as a linear drive and to arrange this parallel to the shaft in the housing. This allows a compact construction.
• the invention further relates to a device for amplifying and / or forwarding signals, preferably information and / or energy, in the direction or non-directional direction, for example a relay station, for a locking system with an electronic lock, in particular a door lock, which locks a transmission and / or or receiving means and a locking mechanism, as well as with an electronic key, which has at least one transmitting and / or receiving means, which transmitting and / or receiving means of a temporary or permanent, preferably wireless communication to a communication partner, in particular the electronic lock and / or the relay station, wherein the relay station transmitting and / or receiving means for particular wireless communication with the lock and the electronic key has.
• a device for amplifying and / or forwarding signals preferably information and / or energy, in the direction or non-directional direction
• a relay station for a locking system with an electronic lock, in particular a door lock, which locks a transmission and / or or receiving means and a locking mechanism, as well as with an electronic key, which has at least
• the relay station can be achieved that a communication with the lock can be made even if due to interference or very weak communication signals direct communication between the key and the lock is not possible.
• the relay station is preferably arranged in the vicinity of the lock and is in direct communication with it.
• the communication link can be wired but also wireless or formed by a combination thereof.
• the relay station is arranged stationary, that is, not on a door leaf or the like.
• the power supply can be ensured by the relay station by the relay station also transmits, for example via an energy transfer coupling, in particular the communication channel also electrical energy for the supply of the lock or the key.
• This embodiment thus allows, in particular, passive transponder keys that do not have their own power supply have, with an electronic lock, which may be formed for example by a particular semi-passive transponder lock and has only a small battery for its own power supply to bring into communication. A load on a power supply of the lock when using passive transponder keys without its own power supply can be avoided.
• the device or the relay station can be designed as a transponder.
• the device or the relay station can also form a second transmitting and / or receiving unit of the lock. For this purpose, the device or the relay station communicates with the lock.
• a procedural sequence can, starting from a standby state, as explained above, for example be provided so that in the standby state, the relay station repeatedly emits energy and / or initialization signals that can be received by a particular transponder key. If a transponder key within communication range to the relay station, it receives sufficient energy from the relay station via a wireless energy transfer coupling, so that the transponder key can be brought into an active state, namely the operating state. In this state, the transponder key receives the activation signal of the relay station and then sends its identification code as access authorization.
• the relay station transmits the identification code to the electronic lock, which then checks the identification code for validity of the authorization and actuates the locking mechanism in the presence of a valid authorization, so that a user of the transponder key receives access or access. If the authorization is not valid, the locking mechanism is not actuated and it can be provided that a corresponding message is issued, for example visually and / or acoustically. The communication link between the transponder key and the relay station is then terminated.
• the device or the relay station can take over communication functions at least partially functions of the electronic lock.
• the relay station contains an electronic circuit by means of which the validity of an authorization can be checked. In the presence of a valid authorization is transmitted to the electronic lock a corresponding signal, which then actuates the locking mechanism accordingly.
• the locking system may not only comprise the electronic lock and the electronic key, but may also include one or more relay stations.
• the device or the relay station may have a preferably arranged in an outdoor keyboard or a keypad or be connected to it, with an access or wishing users can enter an identification code manually via the keyboard, which transmits to the lock or from the relay station Validity is checked.
• the device or the relay station is preferably arranged in an outer area of a door, a gate or the like, for example by the relay station being integrated in a frame of the door, a wall or the like.
• the relay station can be arranged, for example, in a flush-mounted box in the wall.
• the relay station is shielded so that its transmitting and / or receiving unit has a directional communication area.
• the flush-mounted box is coated or formed from an electrically conductive material.
• the flush-mounted box can be formed, for example, from metal, an electrically conductive plastic or the like.
• the communication between lock and relay station can take place via a communication line. At the same time, the lock can be supplied with electrical energy via the communication line.
• a permanent wired or wireless, such as radio-based communication connection can be provided in the region of a door joint contacts, which make it possible to establish a communication connection between the relay station and lock in the closed state of the door.
• a permanent wired or wireless, such as radio-based communication connection can be provided in the case of a radio connection.
• a local radio connection is preferably provided, so that a wireless communication connection can be achieved with the least possible expenditure of energy.
• the lock as a transponder lock, in particular is designed as a passive transponder lock without its own power supply.
• the lock is powered for the purpose of actuation by the relay station with electrical energy.
• separate energy transfer means may be provided, for example a line-connected power supply, a wireless power supply, for example via magnetic field, radio or the like, or it may also be provided a combination of an energy transfer connection with a communication link.
• the lock is substantially maintenance-free with respect to its intended operation, since it has no own power supply and thus no energy storage to change or to be maintained.
• the relay station has its own energy storage, for example, to bridge supply gaps of an in-house energy supply.
• increased reliability of the locking system can be achieved, in particular a loss of stored data can be prevented.
• the lock can also communicate directly with an electronic key, without the relay station being interposed. This is particularly useful when the electronic key has its own power supply and accordingly requires no energy from third place to its operation. If the electronic lock with the electronic key directly in communication connection, a corresponding signal from the lock to the relay station can be made so that it does not interfere with the communication. In this way, a reliable function can be achieved even bypassing the relay station.
• the lock and the relay station communicate with the key in communication. This makes it possible, for example, to determine a position of the key with respect to the lock and / or the relay station. This allows to determine if the key is being moved through the door. Thus, it can be determined whether an authorized user is passing the door, and in particular it can be determined in which direction the user passes the door.
• This information may preferably be retrievably stored to document a use of the area secured by the door. Of course, these can be Also use information to collect personal information and keep it for later review.
• the own position or the position or direction of the transmitter's direction can be determined. It can also determine the relative speed transmitter-receiver. It can be provided that purely passive only received signals are evaluated, which are broadcast elsewhere by broadcasters. Preferably, at least one receiver and one or more directional antennas are provided for determining the position.
• a ferrite or loop antenna can be rotated until the signal has a minimum intensity.
• the axis of the coil points to the transmitter. Since the display is ambiguous, the signal is still superimposed on that of a rod antenna with omnidirectional characteristics to allow an unambiguous determination of the direction.
• maximum bearing can be performed by means of a Yagi or parabolic antenna.
• Doppler bearing Another variant is the Doppler bearing, which, however, is associated with a higher technical complexity.
• One of four or more fixed antennas mounted in the circuit is always connected to the receiver one after the other, resulting in an electronic rotation of a virtual receiving antenna. Runs the rotation of the radio signal, so slightly increases the reception frequency, the rotation moves away, so the frequency of the received signal is minimally lower.
• the antenna revolution frequency is modulated onto the radio signal due to the Doppler effect.
• this low-frequency signal is obtained by means of frequency demodulation and compared with the known antenna control signal.
• the phase angles of both signals are directly related to the direction of the incident wave.
• the directional information thus obtained can be displayed to a few degrees, for example, on a round display. Under certain circumstances it is also possible to calculate an elevation angle to the direction.
• the more receiving antennas are arranged in a circle the more accurate the determination of the direction.
• time-discrete transmit signal it is also possible to determine the time of arrival of a time-discrete transmit signal at several receivers at different locations. This not only determines the direction but also the distance to the transmitter. Conversely, the time of arrival of several time-coded and synchronized transmitter signals can be measured.
• FIG. 1 shows an inventive locking system with a schematic horizontal sectional view of a lock of the locking system and a schematic representation of an associated key
• 2 is a schematic block diagram of a structure of the key according to FIG. 1, FIG.
• FIG. 3 shows a detail of a schematic block diagram view of the lock according to FIG. 1, FIG.
• FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram view of the evaluation circuit of the lock according to FIG. 1,
• FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram view of an alternative embodiment of the evaluation circuit of the castle of FIG. 1,
• FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the received signals of the receiving means of the lock of FIG. 1,
• 1a is a schematic, cutaway top view of a key of the invention with circuit diagrams for assemblies and components,
• FIG. 2a shows an electronic locking system with an electronic lock and an electronic key according to the invention
• 1 b is a schematic perspective view of a lock according to a first embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 2b schematically shows a perspective view of a second embodiment of the invention, which is based on the lock according to FIG. 1b, wherein the second rotary knob has a biometric fingerprint sensor,
• Fig. 3b shows the first knob of the castle according to FIGS. 1b and 2b in a top view in a detail view
• FIG. 4b shows the rotary knob according to FIG. 3b in a perspective view of a front side facing the connection with the shaft, FIG.
• FIG. 5b is a plan view of the back of the rotary knob of FIG. 4b
• Fig. 6b is a separate illustration of a restoring device for the locks according to FIGS. 1 b and 2b
• Fig. 1c shows a door with a further locking system of the invention, which locking system comprises a relay station and
• Fig. 2c is a schematic view in the form of a block diagram of the relay station according to Fig. 1c.
• Fig. 1 shows a locking system 10 of the invention with an electronic lock 12 and an electronic key 18.
• the electronic lock 12 is inserted in a door leaf 48 of a door not specified.
• the non-designated door consists of a door frame 54 which surrounds a horizontally pivotable door leaf 48.
• the lock 12 has a latch 60, which engages in the closed state in a latch 60 opposite recess 62 of the door frame 54. In this state, the door is locked by means of the lock 12.
• Fig. 1 the door leaf 48 and the door frame 54 is shown schematically in the closed state in a sectional view.
• the latch 60 is part of a locking mechanism 16 of the lock 12, by means of which the latch 60 is movable between a locking and an unlocking position.
• the locking mechanism 16 is actuated by a control 46 of the lock 12, which controls the locking mechanism 16 and thus the latch 60 in the presence of a valid authorization, so that an access or wishing users 38 by operating a handle 42 of the lock 12, the door leaf 48th can pivot in the open position.
• the handle 42 may be formed by a door handle, a knob or the like, which are preferably arranged on each side of the door leaf and connected by a common shaft.
• the shaft may be formed in two parts, wherein the two parts of the shaft can be coupled by means of a coupling.
• the locking system 10 uses near-field radio as the communication medium.
• another communication medium can be used, for example, infrared, ultrasound or the like.
• the electronic lock 12 has a transmitting and receiving means 14, which in Communication link with the controller 46 is.
• the transmitting and receiving means 14 is adapted in this embodiment adapted for the communication medium near radio.
• the transmitting and receiving means 14 comprises two antennas, namely an antenna 28 and an antenna 30, which in the present case are designed as directional radio antennas and are arranged opposite each other in the region of the large surfaces of the door leaf 48.
• the antennas 28, 30 are designed to receive radio signals from electronic keys, such as the key 18. Due to the received near-field radio signals, they generate received signals which are supplied to an evaluation circuit 24 of the transmitting and receiving means 14.
• the evaluation circuit 24 processes the received signals of the antennas 28, 30 and determines from which side of the door leaf 48 the key 18 is located.
• the evaluation circuit 24 determines that the key 18, as shown in FIG. 1, is located outside, that is, in the unprotected area, communication between the lock 12 and the key 18 is established, the key 18 having a his authorization related identification code transmitted to the lock 12.
• the lock 12 checks in a known manner the code obtained by the key 18 identification code by the controller 46 and is in the presence of a valid authorization access or access by pressing the Locking mechanism 16 free. The user can now by pressing the outer handle 42, the latch 60 out of the recess 62, so that the door panel 48 can be pivoted to the open position. After passing through the door, the user 38 closes the door leaf 48 again and the lock 12 locks the door automatically by means of the locking mechanism 16 of the latch 60 is moved into the recess 62 of the frame 54.
• the handle 42 is designed in two parts, that is to say the handle 42 has a first part which is arranged in the protected area and is permanently in contact with the locking mechanism 16 the latch 60 is connected, so that a user located within the protected area 38 at any time and independently of the presence of authorization of any key by operating the inside handle 42 unlock the lock 12 and thus can open the door.
• the handle 42 further includes a second part disposed in the unprotected area.
• the two parts of the handle 42 can be coupled to each other via a coupling 64, so that an access or access wishing user 38 by pressing the second part of the handle 42 can unlock the lock 12 in the presence of an authorization.
• the clutch 64 is brought into a coupling state by means of the control 46, so that the two parts of the handle 42 are coupled together.
• the user 38 by operating the second part of the handle 42, the lock 12, as described above, unlock to get into the protected area can.
• the user 38 closes the door again, and the lock 12 automatically goes into the locking state, in which the latch 60 is moved by means of the locking unit 16 into the recess 62 of the frame 54.
• the clutch 64 is then in the non-clutching state.
• Fig. 2 shows the functional structure of the key 18 in a schematic block diagram representation.
• the key 18 therefore has an electronic circuit 40, which is supplied from an accumulator 70 with electrical energy.
• the electronic circuit 40 further has a GPS receiver 36, which serves as position detection means and by means of which the position of the key 18 can be detected is.
• the electronic circuit 40 is also in communication with a transmitting and receiving unit 68, which in turn is connected to an antenna 66. Via the antenna 66 it is possible to enter into communication via a radio link with the lock 12.
• the key 18 has a movement sensor 34, which is formed in this embodiment by a weight which is movably mounted relative to a housing, not shown, of the key 18. As soon as the key 18 changes its current position, the weight moves relative to the housing. A likewise not shown and designated detector detects this movement of the weight relative to the housing and outputs a corresponding signal to the electronic circuit 40 on.
• the weight is connected via an unillustrated transmission with an electric generator, by means of which the movement of the weight can be converted into electrical energy.
• the generator is connected to the accumulator 70 and serves to charge the accumulator 70 with electrical energy.
• the lock 12 is powered by a battery 44 with electrical energy.
• light-emitting diodes 52 are provided, which are each arranged opposite one another on the opposite large surfaces of the door leaf 48. By means of the LEDs 42, both the release of the lock by the lock 12 and the absence of a valid authorization after examination by the lock 12 are displayed.
• the transmitting and receiving device 14 comprises a multiplexer 26 and the evaluation circuit 24.
• the multiplexer 26 is presently connected with two terminals to the antennas 28, 30, so that their received signals alternately on a connecting line 72 between the multiplexer 26 and the evaluation circuit 24.
• a third terminal of the multiplexer 26 is electrically connected to reference potential. This makes it possible that the evaluation circuit 24 can be automatically calibrated at predeterminable times.
• the evaluation circuit 24 controls the multiplexer 26 via a further connecting line 74, so that the received signals of the antennas 28, 30 or also the reference potential are applied in the manner determinable by the evaluation circuit 24.
• the Evaluation circuit 24 evaluates the received signals of the antennas 28, 30 and determines whether an authorization check is performed by the lock 12. If the authorization check is required, the identification code is extracted from at least one of the received signals of the antennas 28, 30 and transmitted to the controller 46 via a connecting line 76. The controller 46 then checks the transmitted identification code and controls the locking mechanism 16 in the presence of a valid authorization accordingly, so that the lock 12 is unlocked. At the same time, a corresponding signal is displayed by means of the LEDs 52. If, however, the controller 46 determines that there is no valid authorization, the locking mechanism 16 is not activated. Instead, a corresponding blinking signal is displayed by means of the LEDs 52, so that the user 38 is notified that his key 18 has no valid authorization for the actuation of the castle 12 has.
• the evaluation circuit 24 in this embodiment comprises a rectifier 78, to which a sample-and-hold circuit 80 is connected, which in turn is connected via a connecting line 88 to a microprocessor 82.
• the microprocessor 82 is further in communication with a memory 84.
• the signal applied to the rectifier 78 received signal which is selectively supplied from the multiplexer 26 via the connecting line 72, rectified and applied to the sample-and-hold circuit 80. This determines the peak value of the received signal and passes it on to the microprocessor 82 connected to it.
• the microprocessor 82 digitizes the peak value of the received signal and stores it in the memory 84.
• the microprocessor 82 outputs a signal via the connecting line 74 to the multiplexer 26, which is to be switched on a further received signal to the rectifier 78.
• the sample-and-hold circuit 80 is initialized via a connecting line 86, that is prepared for recording a new peak value.
• the multiplexer 26 now switches to another received signal and delivers it via the connecting line 72 to the rectifier 78, which rectifies this in turn and supplies to the sample-and-hold circuit 80.
• its peak value is determined and forwarded via the connection line 88 to the microprocessor 82.
• the microprocessor 82 digitizes this signal and compares it with the signal stored in the memory 84.
• the difference of the two signals is formed, wherein the signal stored in the memory 84 is subtracted from the current signal.
• the sequence is set such that the received signal delivered by the antenna 28 is stored in the memory 84.
• the current received signal is thus the received signal of the antenna 30. If the difference is positive, that is, the received signal of the antenna 30 is greater than the received signal of the antenna 28, then the key 18 is within the secured area and an unlocking of the lock 12 is not mandatory. If, on the other hand, the difference is negative, then the key 18 is outside the secured area and an authorization check is required. The relevant procedure described above is initiated.
• Fig. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of the evaluation circuit 24, which does not require a multiplexer.
• the receive signals 56, 58 of the antennas 28, 30 are applied to an evaluation circuit 24, which includes a phase discriminator 90. This checks the relative phase of the received signals 56, 58 and provides a corresponding output signal.
• the received signal 56 corresponds to the received signal supplied by the antenna 28 and the received signal 58 to the received signal supplied by the antenna 30. If the received signal 58 precedes the received signal 56, this means that the radio signal reaches the antenna 30 in front of the antenna 28 in terms of time.
• the key 18, whose signal is considered here, is located within the secured area, so that the evaluation circuit 24 outputs a corresponding signal, that is, the controller 46 does not perform any authorization check. If, on the other hand, the phase position is such that the received signal 56 precedes the received signal 58 (see Fig. 6), then the key 18 is outside the secured area and a corresponding check of an identification code received from the key 18 becomes valid performed by the controller 46.
• Fig. 1a shows a key 10a with a housing 30a, which is shown in plan view and opened.
• the housing 30a is formed substantially cuboid.
• a tab 32a protrudes from the housing, which forms the USB port 18a.
• four tabs 34a are arranged for this purpose.
• an electronic circuit 16a is arranged, which in turn has energy transfer means 20a, a motion sensor 24a, a generator 26a coupled to the motion sensor 24a, a stand-by circuit 28a, transmitting and receiving means 22a and a computer unit 38a.
• the electronic circuit 16a is supplied with energy from an accumulator 12a which, together with a capacitor 14a, represents the energy store of the key 10a.
• the capacitor 14a and the accumulator 12a are decoupled from each other in terms of energy, so that energy can be exchanged between the accumulator 12a and the capacitor 14a only by means of the decoupling circuit 36a. In the present case, only a uni-directional energy exchange from the capacitor 14a to the accumulator 12a is provided.
• a bi-directional exchange of energy by the decoupling circuit 36a may be provided.
• the energy accumulator of the key 10a consisting of the capacitor 14a and the accumulator 12a is connected to a charge regulator 42a, via which the energy accumulator can be supplied with energy.
• the charge controller 42a in turn is connected to the USB port 18a, via which it, in the case of a connection to a remote station, draws energy with which the energy store of the key 10a is charged.
• the charge controller 42a operates in a characteristic-controlled manner, so that in cooperation with the decoupling circuit 36 it charges the accumulator 12a in accordance with predefinable parameters. As a result, a maximum availability of the accumulator 12a and thus of the key 10a is achieved.
• the accumulator 12a supplies the electronic circuit 16a with electrical energy, so that the key 10a can perform its intended function.
• the electronic circuit 16a on a computer unit 38a, which is also connected to the USB port 18a and programmable via this.
• the computer unit 38a manages the key secret and makes it available on request. In order to make unauthorized reading of the key secret difficult, it is provided that an authorized request signal must be present. In addition, the key secret for transmission is handled cryptographically.
• the computer unit 38a further controls the transmitting and receiving means 22a, which is connected on the output side to an antenna 40a.
• the key 10a transmits an identification, a key secret or the like to the lock, which checks for the presence of an authorization. If the key 10a is recognized by the lock as authorized, the release for access or access takes place.
• the electronic circuit 16a further includes energy transferring means 20a comprising an induction coil (not further described).
• energy transferring means 20a comprising an induction coil (not further described).
• the induction coil can be transferred from the key 10 energy from the accumulator 12a to the communication partner, for example, the lock.
• the energy transfer means emits a predetermined energy pulse, which provides sufficient energy for the communication partner, so that the desired function of the communication partner can be performed.
• a key with which the energy transfer agent 20a can be activated for energy transfer is not shown. In this way it is possible for the user to manually increase the amount of energy provided Taxes.
• the electronic circuit 16a further comprises a motion sensor 24a, which is embodied here as an electronic motion sensor. This is coupled on the one hand with a generator 26a and on the other hand with the stand-by circuit 28a.
• the motion sensor 24a in conjunction with the generator 26a, enables the generation of electrical energy based on movement changes of the key 10a.
• the generator 26a is further connected to the input of the charge controller 42a, so that the energy generated via the charge controller 42a can be supplied to the energy storage of the key 10a.
• the connection of the motion sensor 24a to the stand-by circuit 28a allows longer motionless states to be detected. If the key 10a is stored, for example, in an apartment in a key cabinet, it will not be moved for a long time. In this case, after a presettable period of time, the standby circuit 28a moves into an energy-saving state in which in the present case all the units of the electronic circuit 16a except for the motion sensor 24a are switched off. As a result, the energy consumption of the key 10a in times of non-use can be considerably reduced, so that a comparatively long service life of the key 10 can be achieved even with a small accumulator 12a. As soon as the movement sensor 24a detects a movement, this is evaluated via the stand-by circuit 28a and used to activate the electronic circuit 16a. In this state, the key 10a is fully operational again.
• FIG. 2a shows an electronic locking system 44a with an electronic lock 50a arranged in a door 48a and with an electronic key 46a designed as a smart card.
• the lock 50a is designed as a door lock and has a control circuit, not shown, with a transmitting and / or receiving means, a locking mechanism and an energy transfer means.
• the energy transfer agent is present in one piece with an interface connection 52a of the lock 50a in the form of a contact interface in accordance with ISO 7816.
• the electronic key 46a embodied as a smart card has an interface connection in the form of a contact pad 54a in accordance with ISO 7816.
• an electronic circuit 16a and an accumulator 12a which correspond substantially functionally to the corresponding units of the key 10a of the embodiment of FIG. 1a.
• the interface connection 54a of the key 46a serves both for establishing a communication connection to the lock 50a and as energy transfer means and interface connection.
• the electronic locking system 44a further comprises a computer 58a, which in the present case serves as an energy source.
• a computer 58a which in the present case serves as an energy source.
• Only one interface connection 56a is shown in the present exemplary embodiment, which is designed for communication with a smart card in accordance with ISO 7816.
• the communication connection between the key 46a and the lock 50a is established as soon as the key 46a is inserted into an undesignated opening of the interface port 52a of the lock 50a.
• an electrical contact to the contact pad 54a of the key 46a is established via contact springs, not shown, of the interface connection 52a.
• the communication link is thus limited in time to the state in which the key 46a is inserted in the opening of the interface port 52a.
• the key 46a For the purpose of charging the accumulator 12a of the key 46a, the key 46a is inserted into the interface port 56a of the calculator 58a. In this state, the key 46a receives electrical energy via the contact pad 54a, at least part of which is stored in the accumulator 12a. In this way, the accumulator 12a of the key 46a can be charged.
• the accumulator 12a of the key 46a in other devices with a suitable interface, for example in smart card readers or the like charge. As a result of the fact that this interface is used in a variety of ways, it is possible for the user to be able to charge the key 46a at virtually any desired location. In this way, the accumulator 12a can be kept small in terms of its capacity and thus also in terms of its dimensions and its weight in terms of its design, so that it can be well integrated into the key 46a.
• a lock 10b of a first embodiment according to the invention is shown in a perspective view, which is designed as a door lock for a mortise lock in a door leaf, not shown.
• the lock 10b has a housing 12b defining a longitudinal axis 14b and a shaft 16b on which a locking bit 18b is arranged.
• the cam 18b is used to actuate a bolt, not shown, and a likewise not shown case.
• the shaft 16b is rotatable relative to the housing 12b.
• the shaft 16b is non-rotatably connected to a first serving as a handle knob 20b, wherein the rotary knob 20b, the cam 18b is movable.
• a second handle 22b is arranged, which is rotatably mounted relative to the housing 12b.
• the rotary knob 22b can be coupled with the shaft 16b after recognition of an authorization code that can be input via an input device, so that it can also be connected to the locking bit 18b like the rotary knob 20b.
• the rotary knobs 20b, 22b are formed with a round cross section, namely a circular cross section.
• the longitudinal axis 14b also forms the axis of rotation of the shaft 16b and the rotary knobs 20b, 22b.
• the housing 12b has the known dimensions required for mortise locks.
• the housing 12b has a recess 50b, so that the locking bit 18b can be turned into a position in which it does not project beyond the housing 12b to the outside. This position corresponds to the predetermined position, which forms a preferred position of the SchOUGbarts 18b.
• an electronically actuated clutch with which the shaft 16b with the knob 22b can be coupled.
• an electronic control is provided, which has a radio receiver, via which an authorization code can be entered into the lock by means of a radio signal.
• the clutch is moved in the coupled state, so that an actuation of the rotary knob 22b a rotational movement of the Schschschbelt 18b for Episode has. If an invalid authorization code is detected, there is no coupling of the shaft 16b with the rotary knob 22b. In addition, it is provided that the coupling between the shaft 16b and the rotary knob 22b is canceled time-controlled again, so that after a termination of the operation of the knob 22b is disengaged from the shaft 16b again.
• a magnetic sensor 24b is disposed below the recess 50b.
• the locking bit 18b has magnetic properties in a region 52b opposite the shaft 16b, for example in the form of a ferromagnetism.
• the sensor 24b is capable of detecting the ferromagnetic properties of the region 52b.
• the sensor 24b is set so that it has only a very short range. This ensures that even a slight rotation of the Schschstedbarts 18b relative to the recess 50b causes the sensor 24b detects this rotation and transmits corresponding data to the controller, not shown.
• the assumption of the preferred position by the locking bit 18b can be detected with the sensor 24b.
• the preferred position is thus controllable via the magnetic sensor 24b.
• input devices of the type according to the invention can have a high energy consumption in continuous activation mode. It has therefore proved to be useful to carry out the switching only periodically, for example, to enable switching on at regular or irregular short intervals.
• switching on the input device is dependent on the presence of a specific parameter.
• a heat detector, a reflection element, a light barrier or the like can be used, so that in the case of a light barrier the interruption of a light beam is used to turn on the input device.
• a heat detector which activates, for example, when placing a thumb for scanning the thumbprint on the skin temperature, the switching on of the input device.
• a light beam can be emitted via a reflection element in lateral intervals. If this is reflected by the approach of a thumb or another body part, this reflection can also be used to activate the input device.
• Conceivable here is the use of infrared diodes, laser beams or the like. In essence, this will be optical Facilities preferred because they are frugal in terms of their energy needs.
• FIG. 2b shows a further embodiment of the invention, which is designed essentially like the lock 10b according to FIG. 2b.
• the rotary knob 22b is provided with a fingerprint sensor 30b, which is arranged in a recessed grip 56b in a radially outer region of the rotary knob 22b.
• the fingerprint sensor 30b determines upon actuation of the knob 22b by touching with a hand the corresponding fingerprint of a person. These data are evaluated and compared with specifiable, stored fingerprints, and when a fingerprint of an authorized person is detected, a corresponding signal is transmitted to the controller, not shown, which causes a coupling of the shaft 16b with the knob 22b.
• the electrical conductivity of a skin surface of a person's hand can also be determined in order to achieve greater reliability in terms of authorization.
• Fig. 3b is in a plan view of the knob 20b, as it comes in the embodiments of FIG. 1 b and 2b used, shown separately.
• the rotary knob 20b consists of a substantially integrally formed cylindrical plastic body 60b, which is provided on its radially outer surface with recesses 62b. As a result, the plastic body 60b is ergonomically favorable to grip and has a friction-increasing surface.
• the plastic body 60b has an end face 58b which can be connected to the shaft 16b and has an annular end face 54b which projects outwardly and defines an opening 64b.
• 4b shows the rotary knob 20b according to FIG. 3b in a perspective view of the front side 54b. It can be seen that the handle body 60b has the inner opening 64b, which can be closed by means of a closure lid, not shown.
• Within the opening 64b is a gyrosensor 48b arranged, with which a twist angle of the rotary knob 20b can be detected.
• the gyrosensor 48b transmits a detected rotation corresponding data to the controller, not shown.
• Fig. 5b shows the knob 20b in a plan view of the end face 54b. It can be seen that a holder 26b is formed of two diametrically opposed rails 28b, which are U-shaped in cross-section. In the formed by the rails 28b holder 26b in the rotary knob 20b of the gyrosensor 48b, which is plate-shaped, is inserted. Because the rotary knob 20b is permanently connected to the shaft 16b and thus also to the locking bit 18b, the position of the locking bar 18b can also be determined via the position of the rotary knob 20b.
• the gyrosensor 48b has a storage element 66b which serves to record data relating to the direction of rotation, the angle of rotation and the position of the closing bar 18b relative to the housing 12b. These data are kept available for the controller, not shown, so that they can be fed to a further evaluation.
• the present embodiment that the gyrosensor 48b is arranged in the rotary knob 20b has the further advantage that the gyrosensor 48b is protected from unauthorized access from the outside.
• the present embodiment is therefore chosen so that the knob 20b is arranged protected in a building interior. A manipulation by unauthorized third parties who try to operate from the outside of the lock 10b, this can be significantly more difficult.
• a restoring device 32b is provided (FIG. 6b).
• the shaft 16b has a first toothed wheel 38b, arranged in a rotationally fixed and coaxial manner on the shaft 16b, with a toothing which is arranged with a second toothed wheel 40b, which is arranged with respect to its axis of rotation orthogonal to the axis of rotation of the shaft 16b. combs.
• a pin 42b is mounted on the front side, on which a coil spring 44b is mounted.
• the coil spring 44b is suspended from a further pin 46b, which is fixedly connected to the housing 12b.
• the gears 38b, 40b and the pin 42b form a gear 36b.
• the coil spring 44b and the pin 46b form a spring accumulator 34b.
• the position of the transmission 36b shown in Fig. 6b shows the position at which the lock bit 18b is in its preferred position as described above.
• the coil spring 44b acts as a drive on the gear 36b and has its lowest energy in the position shown in Fig. 6b. If the lock 10b is now actuated by actuation of one of the rotary knobs 20b, 22b, then the shaft 16b is rotated and at the same time the spiral spring 44b is tensioned via the pin 42b by turning the toothed wheels 38b, 40b. It can not be seen in FIG. 6b that, at the same time as the rotation, the locking bit 18b is pivoted out of its preferred position. As a result, the lock 10b is unlocked, so that the door, also not shown, can be opened.
• the coil spring 44b is tensioned at the same time, energy being stored in the spiral spring 44b.
• the energy stored in the coil spring 44b is transmitted via the pin 42b to the gear 40b, which is then rotated.
• the latter transmits the rotational movement via the toothing on the gear 38b, which causes a corresponding rotation of the shaft 16b.
• the rotation takes place until the coil spring 44b reaches its smallest extent and thus the state of lowest energy. This is the position shown in Fig. 6b, in which at the same time the cam 18b again assumes its preferred position.
• the restoring device 32b thus has the effect that, after an actuation, the locking bit 18b is automatically turned back into its preferred position.
• the gear 36b which is formed by the gears 38b, 40b, thus converts the rotational movement of the shaft 10b in a linear movement substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing 12b, with the linear movement, the coil spring 44b can be stretched.
• the memory element evaluates the transmitted data and issues a drive command to an electric motor which operates a clutch or retracts the latch. In such a lock a handle is no longer necessary. In this case, it is possible to provide a lock with two input devices, wherein in each case an input direction on the outside of the door and an input direction on the inside of the door is arranged.
• the position sensor can provide the data with regard to the direction of rotation and / or the rotational path of the Schschellerts, so that an opening of the lock is possible in a short time due to this data, without too much freewheel, until the trap and / or bolt are moved ,
• the position of the door formed with this lock is detected.
• the closed position of the door can be detected.
• a magnet can be provided on the door leaf and a relay on the door frame which switches as a function of the position of the magnet.
• a mechanical switch can be provided on the door leaf and / or on the door frame, via which the position of the door, namely the closed position is detected, so that only in this closed position the possibility is given to control the latch and / or the latch via the storage element ,
• Fig. 1c shows a wall 28c with a door 16c.
• the door 16c has a frame 20c which encloses an unspecified opening of the wall 28c and on which frame 20c by means of door hinges 24c a door leaf 22c is pivotably mounted on a vertical axis.
• the door 16c has a pawl 26c with which it can be manually operated in the unlocked state to pivot it to an open position.
• the pawl 26c is operated manually, whereupon in a known manner a trap from one of the trap opposite recess of the door frame 20c is moved out, so that the door 16c can be opened.
• the latch is designed such that actuation of the door latch 26c is not required to close the door 16c.
• the latch Upon reaching the closed position of the door panel 22c, the latch automatically snaps into the corresponding opposite recess of the door frame 20c and locks the door 16c.
• the pawl 26c may also be provided a rotary knob.
• an electronic locking system 10c which has an electronic lock 12c, a relay station 14c and an electronic key 18c.
• the electronic locking system 10c, the electronic lock 12c and the electronic key 18c can be designed as described above for the preceding embodiments.
• the relay station 14c is provided in this electronic locking system 10c.
• the relay station 14c is shown schematically in block diagram representation in FIG. 2c with regard to its construction. Thereafter, the relay station 14c comprises a transmitting and receiving unit 30c, to which an antenna 32c is connected, by means of which the relay station 14c can enter a local radio communication connection with the electronic lock 12c.
• the transmitting and receiving unit 30c is connected to a controller 34c, which in turn is in communication with an electronic circuit 44c.
• the electronic circuit 44c has a transmitting and receiving unit 40c with an antenna 42c, which is intended to communicate with the electronic key 18c in communication.
• a power supply 36c is further connected, which in turn is connected to the network 38c of a building-internal power supply. Over this the relay station 14c is supplied with electrical energy. In order to avoid disturbances in the power supply through the network 38c, the power supply unit 36c also has an accumulator, not shown, which takes over the power supply of the relay station 14c during fault times.
• the relay station 14c is used in this embodiment in a flush-mounted box 46c in the wall 28c.
• the flush box 46c is made of metal and grounded, leaving a Communication connection to the key 18c can be made only when the key 18c is outside a closed by the door 16c space in the region of the door 16c, that is, in the communication area of the relay station 14c.
• the flush-mounted box 46c is further provided with an opening in the direction of the lock 12c, so that the antenna 32c can establish a radio-frequency connection to the lock 12c.
• the lock 12c and the key 18c are in an energy-saving state, in which both briefly activate the receiving unit of their respective transmitting and receiving units at predeterminable times in order to receive an activation signal.
• the activation signal is emitted at predeterminable times by the relay station 14c via the transceiver unit 40c and the antenna 42c. As long as there is no communication connection to a key 18c, the communication between the relay station 14c and the lock 12c is suspended.
• the relay station 14c transmits electrical energy via the controller 34c from the power supply unit 36c with the aid of the electronic circuit 44c with the activation signal, which is suitable for supplying a transponder key 18c, which does not have its own power supply, with electrical energy in such a way that it changes into an active operating state and can communicate with the relay station 14c.
• the transmission of the energy pulse takes place in time before the transmission of the activation signal, so that the key 18c is in the active operating state upon receipt of the activation signal by the received energy.
• the transponder key 18c transmits its identification code to the relay station 14c.
• the latter recovers the identification code from the signal received from the key 18c by means of the electronic circuit 44c and transmits this to the controller 34c.
• the controller 34c causes an activation signal to be sent to the electronic lock 12c via the transmitting and receiving unit 30c and the antenna 32c. Thereupon goes the lock 12c from the standby state to the operating state and enters into a communication link with the relay station 14c. Subsequently, the identification code is transmitted from the relay station 14c to the lock 12c by means of the controller 34c.
• the lock 12c checks the identification code in a known manner, as explained in the above embodiments.
• the lock 12c actuates a locking mechanism, not shown, which releases the door 16c for opening. In this state, the door 16c can be opened by operating the pawl 26c. Once the door 16c is closed again, the door 16c is automatically locked by the lock 12c, so that even by operating the pawl 26c opening of the door 16c is not possible.
• the communication links between the lock 12c and the relay station 14c and between the relay station 14c and the key 18c are terminated and the communication partners enter the standby mode.
• the received signal level of the key 18 c is tracked by means of the transmitting and receiving unit of the lock 12 c and the transmitting and receiving unit 30 c of the relay station 14 c. This makes it possible to determine whether the user has passed the door 16c with the key 18c.
• the corresponding values are preferably stored in lock 12c. Since the relay station 14c has a communication area directed outside the protected space, it can be clearly determined that a user passes outside the room the door 16c, namely, the lock 12c continuously receives a signal of the key 18c, whereas the relay station 14c no signal of the key 18c can receive more as soon as it has entered the room.
• the check or the storage of data takes place exclusively in the relay station 14c.
• the lock 12c needed For example, in this embodiment, no units with which the validity of an identification code can be checked. As a result, the effort of the lock 12c and the energy consumption can be reduced.
• the lock 12c is supplied by the relay station 14c with electrical energy for its operation.
• the transmitting and receiving unit 30c with the antenna 32c can be used for this purpose, which is supplied by the controller 34c with an additional energy signal, which is transmitted via the antenna 32c to the lock 12c.
• the lock 12c recovers the energy from this energy signal, converts it into electrical energy and makes it available for the intended operation of the lock 12c.
• an energy store in particular a battery or a rechargeable battery can thus be saved in the lock 12c, as far as it depends on the information transfer and / or processing at least.
• the relay station 14c can be combined in any way with the locking systems described above. It is possible to transfer one or more functions from the lock 12c to the relay station 14c and vice versa. As a result, an individual adaptation of the locking system 10c can be achieved.
• the relay station 14c not only allows to use electronic keys with their own energy store, but in particular transponder keys 18c, which do not have their own energy store. As a result, the flexibility of the locking system 10c is increased overall.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)

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Cited By (13)

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• 2008
  • 2008-07-30 DE DE200820010249 patent/DE202008010249U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2009
  • 2009-07-30 EP EP09777538A patent/EP2304694A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-07-30 WO PCT/EP2009/005515 patent/WO2010012463A2/fr active Application Filing

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