WO2010008295A2

WO2010008295A2 - Prefab construction techniques

Info

Publication number: WO2010008295A2
Application number: PCT/NL2009/050448
Authority: WO
Inventors: Peter Jakobs; Cornelis Jacobus Elzakkers
Original assignee: Jawel Groep B.V.
Priority date: 2008-07-18
Filing date: 2009-07-20
Publication date: 2010-01-21
Also published as: WO2010008295A3

Abstract

The present invention relates to prefab construction techniques. According to a first aspect, the invention provides a lightweight internal wall system in which pipework can be received. According to a second aspect, the invention provides a construction element with pipework. The pipework comprises a coupling piece which enables easy connection of conduits after casting of the construction element. According to a third aspect, the invention provides a sandwich construction of a relatively light layer between two concrete slabs. Owing to the use of this light layer it is possible to give the floor part a thicker form, whereby crossing of conduits in the floor part becomes possible. According to a fourth aspect, the invention provides a bearing construction of a building in which a setting element is used to couple walls and floors. This setting element enables dry stacking of the different components.

Description

Prefab construction techniques

A first aspect of the present invention relates to an internal wall system, prefabricated internal wall parts for such a system, and a method for the manufacture of these internal wall parts .

In the construction of buildings a distinction can be made between bearing parts, such as outside walls and floors, and non-bearing parts. The bearing parts are usually manufactured from reinforced concrete and/or sand-lime brick. For the non-bearing parts is possible to suffice with lightweight material such as plaster or cellular concrete.

The internal walls are placed, among other reasons, to create separate spaces in a building. These walls are placed once the shell has been erected.

A known internal wall system is the use of gypsum blocks. These blocks are stacked in situ and connected to each other with adhesive. This is a labour-intensive process. Another drawback lies in the fact that for instance wall sockets have to be arranged after placing of the wall. Holes and channels must be cut into the wall for this purpose to create space for the wall socket and the line(s) connected thereto.

Another solution is the use of prefab concrete wall parts. These wall parts have the advantage that an internal wall can be placed reasonably quickly. However, such wall parts are so heavy that this must be taken into account during the design of the building. For elongate panels it is moreover necessary for the wall parts to be provided with reinforcement. If this were not the case, the panels would break apart during transport or placing. It may also be necessary for a floor to be provided with extra reinforcement so that it is able to withstand the load of the internal wall. A possible solution to the weight problem is to make the wall parts thinner. However, the wall requires a minimum thickness so as to prevent sagging. Reducing the thickness also reduces the sound insulation. Another solution is the use of light concrete types such as foamed concrete. The porous structure of these concrete types does however require separate plasterwork. The cost of the overall system hereby rises considerably.

A first object of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated internal wall part in which the above stated drawbacks do not occur, or at least do so to lesser extent.

A second aspect of the present invention relates to a construction element provided with a conduit system. The invention likewise relates to a method for connecting a conduit part of this conduit system in such a construction element to a conduit part located outside this construction element. The invention also relates to the conduit system itself and to a building structure provided with such a conduit system and/or a connection between conduit parts obtained by applying the method.

Construction elements such as wall parts are known wherein the construction element comprises a conduit. An example of such a construction element is a concrete wall part in which a conduit is received. This conduit can already be arranged prior to casting. The conduits are hereby enclosed and fixed by the concrete.

A drawback of these construction elements is that the conduit is placed in a fixed position, whereby a correct alignment relative to other conduits is made more difficult. If for instance an outlet pipe of a washbasin is received in the wall part, it is essential that the opening of this pipe connects to some extent to the drain received in the floor on which the wall part is placed. If there is great variation between the relative positions, a good deal of manual work must be performed to connect the conduits to each other. This work is labour-intensive and causes much waste.

Another drawback is related to the height of the opening of the conduit in the wall part- In the example of the outlet pipe this means that the outlet pipe is at least a height equal to the diameter of the pipe above the carcass floor. For a good finishing it is therefore necessary for a very thick covering floor to be cast. This is not always possible or desirable. A second object of the present invention is to provide a construction element with a conduit received therein which can be easily connected to a conduit outside this construction element. A related further object is that connected conduit parts are easier to conceal. A third aspect of the present invention relates to a floor part and to a method for manufacturing such a floor part. The invention also relates to a bearing construction of a building provided with such a floor part. The invention particularly relates to prefab floor parts. During the building of the bearing construction the placing or forming of floors takes up a considerable amount of time. Various techniques are known with which the construction process can be speeded up. Examples hereof are wide slab floors and hollow-core slab floors. A wide slab floor part, also referred to as shuttering slab floor, consists of a reinforced concrete bottom slab in which lattice girders, also referred to as support girders, are placed, concrete is cast in situ on this bottom slab in order to form the final floor. Conduits can be placed prior to this casting so that they are concealed in the floor after casting.

In the wide slab floor the bottom slab must be reinforced because this slab must be able to withstand the tensile forces during load. The cast concrete must on the other hand be strong enough to absorb push and pull forces during load.

A hollow-core slab floor part comprises a number of cavities running the length of the floor. A hollow-core slab floor part is a prefab element. Channels can further be arranged during the manufacture of the hollow-core slab floor. Conduits can be laid in these channels at a later stage.

Hollow-core slab floors are generally provided with prestressed reinforcement. The concrete used is also of a relatively high quality to provide enough strength for the anticipated load. An advantage of a hollow-core slab floor is that the cavities result in a weight-saving which hardly affects the overall strength of the floor part. It is thus possible to work with less heavy floor parts than would be the case if solid concrete floor parts were used.

A drawback of both wide slab floors and hollow-core slab floors is the limited possibility of arranging pipework in the floor. In hollow-core slab floors it is thus only possible to arrange conduits in the above-mentioned channels. In addition, the overall height available for pipework is limited in both wide slab floors and hollow-core slab floors. If this height is increased, the floor part will become too heavy and uneconomic. The use of higher and therefore heavier slabs can thus imply that the lateral dimensions of the slab must be reduced. This can cause problems in the forming of a stairwell. The use of a plurality of slabs also results in higher costs of transport, manufacture and assembly.

A consequence of the limited height is that conduits cannot cross, or only to a limited extent. This problem represents a great limitation at the design stage. Roundabout solutions are usually necessary to realize the required conduit structure, usually resulting in unnecessary use of conduit material. In addition to the above stated problem of the limited possibility of laying pipework, there is the problem of the work required to place the floor parts and/or to place the pipework in situ. In the case of the wide slab floor the pipework must be laid after the bottom slab has been placed. The concrete must then be cast and cured. The placing of a complete floor hereby takes several days and a number of other parties are involved here such as plumbers and electricians. While in the case of hollow-core slab floors the pipework can be incorporated in the floor part, this does not prevent a relatively large amount of work being necessary to arrange and mutually connect the conduits.

A third object of the present invention is to provide a solution whereby it becomes possible to place a floor part which on the one hand provides a greater flexibility for the placing of pipework, thereby reducing the design effort, and on the other reduces the amount of work necessary at the construction site.

A fourth aspect of the present invention relates to a bearing construction of a building, and to a floor and a wall for such a construction. The invention also relates to an assembly for the mutual setting of floor and wall, and to a method for building a bearing construction of a building.

In the building of a bearing construction of a building it is a problem to place the heavy wall or wall parts at the correct position on the floor. A solution to this problem comprises of using metal cuttings or pins which are arranged in for instance the floor. If the wall is provided with corresponding gains, a simple alignment can be obtained. A significant drawback of this technique is the tolerance which must be employed to enable correction for inaccuracies during arranging of the pins and/or the gains. Manual adjustment during placing is therefore usually necessary to obtain a correct placing. In view of the weight of the wall, this is a labour-intensive and time-consuming process. Another problem is that the floor on which the wall has to be placed is not usually completely flat. Direct placing of the wall will therefore result in damage to wall and floor because the wall will in the first instance rest only on the protruding parts. A solution to this problem is so-called wet stacking. Use is made here of a wet joint, usually mortar-based, for the purpose of fixing the wall and floor. Mortar is used here as intermediate layer between the floor and the wall. Since this product is applied in liquid state, it is able to smooth out the irregularities between floor and wall, thereby creating a good pressure distribution.

Prior to placing of the wall a bed of mortar is in practice applied to the floor. The wall will then be placed in the mortar. It is also possible after placing to grout the wall with non-shrink mortar or to cast this later. Since the mortar needs some time to cure, for instance several hours to days, it is not possible to use this wall in the short term as bearing element, for instance for a floor to be placed thereon. It is the case here that a shorter curing time is usually linked to higher costs of the material to be used. Another drawback is that the curing itself depends on the weather conditions. The use of a wet connection is also time-consuming, much setting material is necessary and it produces much waste at the construction site. A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a connecting technique between wall and floor which makes it possible to place the wall on the floor by means of dry stacking, whereby the above stated drawbacks will not occur, or will only do so to lesser extent.

The first object of the present invention is achieved with the internal wall part according to the invention which is prefabricated and which comprises a structural part consisting of cured cast material and a finishing panel connected to the structural part. The finishing panel, which is preferably flat, has formed part of shuttering for the above stated casting. The connection between finishing panel and structural part is a consequence of said curing.

An advantage of this internal wall part is that the choice of the material for casting is not related to the finishing options for the internal wall part. This latter is after all determined by the finishing panel. Another advantage is that the finishing panel forms an external reinforcement. This is particularly relevant when concrete is used as the material for casting. It is hereby possible to dispense with internal reinforcement .

The internal wall parts are preferably storey-high. Storey-high wall parts provide the advantage that it is possible to suffice with a single part in height direction. It should otherwise be noted that, in respect of placing, the wall parts are not usually exactly storey-high. Present on the underside is a setting space which disappears into the finishing layer to be arranged later on the floor (covering floor) .

Within the context of the present invention the term shuttering must not be limited to only wooden shutterings. The shuttering functions in general as mould for the material to be cast and can consist of material other than wood, or can comprise multiple types of material.

A particularly favourable casting material is cement-bonded material. Cement serves here as binder for other materials or substances such as sand, gravel and so on.

It is recommended that the internal wall part is provided on two sides with a finishing panel. A sandwich internal wall part is thus obtained. It should be noted that these are in principle the visible sides of the wall part, and not the side edges, top or bottom sides.

Plasterboards are particularly suitable finishing panels. These boards are generally available on the market, inexpensive, light and very simple to work with. The plasterboard can be impregnated for the purpose of placing in moist spaces.

Because there is no relation between finishing and the choice of the material for casting, the weight of the material for casting can be reduced, or it is possible to opt for a lighter material. It is advantageous here when the weight of the resulting internal wall part is equal to or less than 300 kg per running metre of internal wall part. This limit corresponds to the Netherlands building standard NEN 6702. A result of this measure is that the placing of these wall parts does not require a separate calculation for the building structure, in particular the floor, in which it is placed. The system can hereby be placed more easily in an existing construction. If the weight were to be more than 300 kg per running metre, the internal wall would have to be included as line load in the technical specifications for the building.

In order to reduce the specific weight of the structural part use can be made of a weight-reducing additive. This additive can be added during casting to the already cast material. It is also possible to admix the additive with the material for casting prior to casting. An advantageous additive is a foaming agent added to the material for casting. The foaming agent ensures that, during curing and/or after introduction of this agent, air bubbles or other bubbles occur in the filling. This reduces the specific weight of the filling.

The cured cast material is preferably a type of concrete. This particularly includes the lightweight types of concrete. The use of lightweight concrete is particularly suitable because it is possible with this material to simultaneously satisfy the weight requirement of 300 kg per running metre and the sound insulation requirement of -20 dB (Hu, lab) NEN 1070. Finishing of the internal wall parts is in addition simple and inexpensive through the use of finishing panels, and in particular plasterboard, and the finishing panels provide external reinforcement so that the wall parts are easy to transport and handle.

A preferred composition of the concrete comprises the following weight ratio of materials: cement 450-650 kg, sand

1200-1400 kg, water 200-500 kg per cubic metre of internal wall part {product) .

A particularly favourable combination is obtained with the following composition: Portland cement 550 kg, sand (weighed) 0.2 1210 kg, water 370 litres, Cugla® accelerator S33 16 kg and

Cugla® foaming agent 80 23 1.93 kg, all per cubic metre of product.

Another particularly favourable composition of the concrete comprises the following weight ratio of materials: CEM I 52.5 R 300 kg, find sea sand 700 kg, water 140 kg, EPS granules 4-6 mm 650 litres.

The use of the finishing panels according to the invention provides the further advantage that pipework can be readily incorporated in the internal wall part. The pipework is here connected to a finishing panel and enclosed by the cast cured material. Examples of pipework are a water conduit and/or outlet pipe for a washbasin connection and electricity conduits.

The above conduits must in general be accessible from outside the wall part. An electricity conduit can for instance thus debouch into a wall socket. The internal wall part according to present invention provides a particularly simple solution for this purpose. The internal wall part comprises for this purpose an inlet/outlet unit which is connected to the finishing panel and connected to the pipework, wherein the inlet/outlet unit is placed together with the pipework in the shuttering prior to casting. This has the advantage that, after placing of the wall part, no or at least fewer operations are required to provide access to the conduits. The use of separate internal wall parts has the consequence than the conduits must be led between the wall parts or between floor/ceiling and wall part. The internal wall part is therefore preferably provided on an outer edge with a rebate which forms a channel for guiding pipework. Such a rebate can be formed in simple manner by providing the mould/shuttering with a corresponding form.

The invention also provides an internal wall system comprising a plurality of the above stated prefabricated internal wall parts placed adjacently of each other and a profile for fixing the internal wall parts in a direction perpendicularly of the flat plates of the internal wall parts.

The profile can comprise a plastic strip which is for instance fixed to the ceiling of the space in which the internal wall must be placed. Similar profiles can likewise be placed on the side walls of this space. Due to the use of a profile instead of a connection with mortar or cement, the wall parts can be placed quickly.

The internal wall parts are preferably provided on an outer edge with a rebate, wherein two rebates forming part of separate internal wall parts form a closed channel for pipework. Electricity conduits can for instance be received in such a channel, whereby they cannot be seen from the outside. This measure obviates the need to cut channels. In a preferred embodiment of the internal wall system a rebate is provided in the upward directed outer edge of the internal wall parts, wherein the profile comprises protruding parts which engage the side walls of the rebate, wherein the protruding parts form side walls of the channel. Such an embodiment of the profile, as well as the corresponding rebate, provides the advantage that conduits can be laid in horizontal direction without cutting channels. The invention also provides a method for manufacturing said internal wall part. The method comprises the steps of providing a finishing panel, constructing a shuttering for the purpose of forming a structural part of the internal wall part, casting material into the shuttering and allowing the cast material to cure. The finishing panel is accommodated in the shuttering prior to casting. The method also comprises the step of allowing connection of finishing panel and structural part during the curing. It must be noted here that accommodating a finishing panel in the shuttering is understood to mean that the finishing panel forms part of the shuttering or that a finishing panel is placed in an already existing shuttering. In this latter case the finishing panel has the same shaping function as the shuttering itself. Another example is the use of a metal frame which has on the sides, i.e. the narrower sides, regular wood and/or metal parts, but which is provided on the front and/or rear sides with a finishing panel. After curing of the cast material the internal wall part is removed. New finishing panels must then be placed for a subsequent internal wall part, while the remaining part of the shuttering can be reused.

The material for casting preferably comprises concrete and/or the finishing panel comprises a plasterboard.

It is advantageous that the method comprises the step of priming the plasterboards with a polyvinyl acetate adhesive prior to the casting. Priming can for instance take place with Viscosmart pure P-40 from Cugla®. The adhesive improves the adhesion with the cast material and also ensures that the paper of the plasterboard is not saturated by the water of the filling, whereby the paper would detach.

By adding a weight-reducing additive to the material for casting the specific weight of the resulting cured material can be reduced. A particularly advantageous method is obtained when an accelerator is added to the material for casting for the purpose of accelerating curing. By applying an increase in temperature during curing the curing process can be accelerated to a period of several hours, for instance 90 minutes. It is hereby possible to apply a conveyor belt or carousel construction, wherein at the end of the belt the internal wall part has cured such that it can be removed and stored without the internal wall part here being damaged or deformed. Such a method considerably reduces manufacturing costs.

Prior to casting of the material for casting it is possible to arrange a hole in a finishing panel for placing of a wall socket. The wall socket can then be placed and pipework which has to be connected to the wall socket can be laid in the shuttering. The pipework can for instance be adhered prior to casting to the inner side of the plasterboard so that it remains fixed during casting and curing. Such a method can likewise be followed by arranging a washbasin connection with pipework.

The above-mentioned rebate can be formed when the shuttering is provided on the inner side with a protrusion.

Because the finishing panel or finishing panels, for instance plasterboards, cover the material for casting on at least one side, it is possible to suffice with a single mould. Use can particularly be made of a frame, for instance of metal, which bounds the cast material only on the side edges and on the other sides only supports the plasterboards.

The internal wall parts are preferably manufactured upside down. The plasterboards are here placed in the frame. A filling cavity is hereby created which is covered on the underside and on the two sides by the frame, and wherein the front and rear side are covered by the finishing panels such as plasterboards. The material is then cast via the opening at the top. This part will later form the underside of the internal wall part. This is advantageous because a rough underside is less critical for the placing of the internal wall part than a rough top side. This is because casting of the covering floor will eliminate possible irregularities. Once the material has cured, the internal wall part can be removed. It is important to note here that when concrete is used as material for casting the finishing panels prevent the internal wall part breaking up during removal and the operations necessary therein, such as for instance rotation, because of its own weight and lack of internal reinforcement. The manufacture of the internal wall parts can also take place by placing the plasterboards in a frame which lies flat, for instance on a conveyor belt.

The second object of the present invention is achieved with a construction element according to the invention. This construction element consists at least partially of cured filling material and is provided with a conduit system. This system comprises a first conduit part, a second conduit part and a coupling piece between the first and second conduit parts. The coupling piece covers a portion of the second conduit part, whereby a distinction can be made between a covered and a non-covered part. The second conduit part in a non-fixed state is further movable relative to the first conduit part. The construction element also comprises a casing around the non-covered part of the second conduit part. The phrase "non-fixed state" refers to the state of the conduit system when it is not yet received and fixed in the construction element. In this situation the second conduit part is preferably movable in the coupling piece.

The first conduit part and the coupling piece are fixed in the construction element by the cured filling material. The second conduit part is fixed by the cured filling material via the casing. The casing can be removed from outside the construction element in order to make the second conduit part movable. It is advantageous here that the casing does not adhere, or hardly so, to the second conduit part, so that the casing can be easily removed. It is however possible for there to be adhesion between the casing and the cured filling material. The removal of the casing can for instance take place by cutting off, breaking off or chemically treating the casing. It is important according to the invention that there is a removable intermediate layer between the cured filling material and the second conduit part. When the casing is removed, the second conduit part is no longer fixed by the cured filling material. This is because there is no longer any direct contact between the filling material and the second conduit part. The second conduit part is therefore movable, such as for instance rotatable and/or slidable, in the coupling piece. The ability to move creates a great flexibility during connection to other pipework situated outside the construction element.

It should be noted that the above formulation does not preclude the coupling piece forming an integral part of the first or second conduit part.

The construction element is preferably a prefabricated construction element. The term prefabricated implies within the context of the present application that the construction element is made in a factory with the first and second conduit part, the coupling piece and the casing arranged therein. In contrast to techniques where conduits are arranged at the construction site, such a construction element provides the advantages of high processing speed and the cost-saving options related to large-scale production. The use of a sliding sleeve as coupling piece is recommended. The two conduit parts can be slid and/or rotated into such a sleeve, at least when these parts are not fixed by the cured filling material. It will be apparent to the skilled person that the sliding sleeve is provided with known means, such as rubber O-rings, for the purpose of realizing a watertight connection between the conduit parts.

Owing to the use of a sliding sleeve the second conduit part is movable after removal of the casing. It is also possible here to provide for the second conduit part to be rotatable around a longitudinal axis of the conduit part. It will be apparent that the first and second conduit part must remain coupled during the displacement. In order to guarantee this coupling, means can be provided in the sliding sleeve or the second conduit part, or both, which make it impossible, or very difficult, to move the second conduit part out of the sliding sleeve. An example hereof is the prearranging of a' marking on the second conduit part.

The present invention is particularly suitable as wall part, such as an internal wall part. Particularly when the wall parts are prefabricated, a wall system can be obtained with which it is very simple to place a wall in for instance a bathroom. Owing to the great flexibility it is possible to suffice with two different wall parts, one without pipework and one with pipework, for the purpose of placing for instance a washbasin. The system is particularly suitable for very large numbers because it does not depend, or hardly so, on the exact dimensioning and placing of pipework already present in the building structure.

The conduit themselves, such as the first and second conduit parts, are preferably manufactured making use of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material. It is even recommended to use standard PVC pipes available on the market.

A highly suitable filling material is concrete. Concrete provides the required strength and sound insulation, is relatively inexpensive and is generally used. Other cement-bonded filling materials are however likewise possible.

In the case of concrete, polystyrene is found to be a very suitable encasing material for PVC. The concrete can adhere to the polystyrene, wherein the polystyrene does not however adhere to PVC, or hardly so. It will be apparent to the skilled person that of the materials can likewise be chosen, provided these prevent the filling material adhering to the second conduit part and provided they can be readily removed after curing in order to make the second conduit part movable.

For removal of the casing it is easy when the construction element is provided with an opening. Such an opening can for instance be situated on the underside of the construction element, such as a wall part. If the casing can be accessed and removed, a plumber for instance can easily displace and/or rotate the second conduit part in order to thus obtain a correct positioning for connection to other pipework. It is recommended here that. the second conduit part can be displaced outside the construction element. If the second conduit part already protruded outside the construction element before placing of the construction element, this would make placing considerably more difficult in view of the weight of the wall parts.

The second conduit part can be provided with a bend element connected to the non-covered part of the second conduit part. It is hereby possible for instance to make a connection perpendicularly of the wall part.

The construction element according to -the invention is particularly suitable for sanitary outlet pipework such as an outlet pipe. These pipes are after all characterized by relatively large diameters. In the known art the finishing of this type of pipework requires casting of a relatively thick covering floor, arranging a kind of covering and/or hacking away a large part of the wall for the purpose of arranging the conduits, and later re-plastering the wall. The construction element according to invention makes it possible, after placing of the construction element, to slide the second conduit part in downward direction into for instance a recess in the floor. The pipework can hereby be concealed more easily and more quickly and at lower cost.

The invention also provides a method for connecting the second conduit part in a construction element according to the invention to a third conduit part running in a structural part, such as for instance a floor. This method comprises the steps of placing the construction element in a vicinity of the structural part, positioning the second conduit part relative to the third conduit part and connecting the second conduit part to the third conduit part at a connecting point. The term

'vicinity' implies that direct contact between construction element and structural part is not essential. Positioning comprises of sliding and/or rotating the second conduit part such that it can be easily connected to the third conduit part. It is advantageous that a recess is arranged in the structural part, preferably prior to placing of the construction element, in a vicinity of the connecting point of the third conduit part. The second conduit part can thus be slid into the recess after placing of the construction element. If the structural part and the construction element form a right angle with each other, it is thus possible in the method according to the invention to connect the conduits to each other, wherein the conduits do not protrude, or only very little, into the space defined by the outer surfaces of structural part and construction element.

A conduit element is preferably arranged inside the recess between the second and third conduit parts for the purpose of connecting the second and third conduit parts. This conduit element can comprise a known PVC pipe optionally provided with bend elements.

The method is particularly suitable for the combination of a wall part and a floor. The recess is here arranged in the floor at the position of the third conduit, such as an outlet pipe. The recess can be beam-shaped and continues as far as the position above which the wall part will be placed. After placing the wall part and moving the second conduit part, the relevant outer ends of the second and third conduit parts are situated roughly at the same height. The second conduit part is preferably also rotatable, whereby the conduits can be aligned relative to each other. The conduits can then be connected to each other by means of known PVC pipes. It may be necessary here to provide the outlet pipe in the floor with a pipe bend. After connection the floor can be finished in simple manner by casting a covering floor. The conduits are hereby completely or almost wholly covered and the recess is filled.

A wall part will be generally first be set on the floor. There is then no direct contact between wall part and floor. The casting of the covering floor will in this case also result in fixation of construction element {wall part) relative to structural part (floor) .

The invention also provides a conduit system as discussed above. Such a conduit system can be used, among other purposes, for the manufacture of prefabricated construction elements as discussed above.

The invention further provides a building structure provided with such a conduit system and/or a connection between conduit parts as obtained by applying the above method. The third object of the present invention is achieved with a method for manufacturing a floor part according to the invention. This method comprises of providing a reinforced concrete lower slab in a shuttering, casting curable filling material onto this lower slab for the purpose of forming an intermediate layer, allowing at least partial curing of the cast filling material, casting concrete onto the at least partially cured filling material for the purpose of forming a concrete upper slab, and allowing curing of the concrete upper slab. The specific weight, and preferably also the quality, of the concrete lower and upper slabs is here considerably higher than the average specific weight and quality of the filling material.

The lower slab used is reinforced so that this slab has the strength required to withstand tensile load. The cast upper slab must be able to withstand pressure load. Because concrete can better withstand pressure load than tensile load, it is possible to reduce or dispense with reinforcement of the upper slab. Since the forces are mainly absorbed by the upper and lower slabs, less strict requirements are set for the filling material. As a result it is possible to work with less strong, lighter materials. This has the advantage that the thickness of the intermediate layer formed by this filling material can be greater without problems occurring with the overall weight of the floor part. Compared to existing floor parts, it is thus possible to work with a thicker layer in which the pipework can be placed. It hereby becomes possible to allow conduits to cross. The conduits can be placed during the forming of the floor part. The forming of the floor part preferably takes place not in situ but in a factory environment, whereby a prefab floor part is created. This has the advantage that less work is necessary at the construction site and that it is possible to work with greater accuracy than is for instance the case with wide floor slabs.

As already noted, the average specific weight of the filling material is lower than that of the upper and lower slabs. The filling material can consist of multiple materials and can also be provided with cavities arranged therein to reduce the weight of the intermediate layer. A significant advantage of reducing the average weight of this intermediate layer is that it is possible to work with thicker intermediate layers, whereby crossing of conduits becomes possible.

The reinforced concrete slab can be a prefabricated element. Such an element is then placed in the shuttering, after which the above stated process can take place. It is however recommended to also form this component. Providing a reinforced concrete lower slab in the shuttering comprises for this purpose of placing reinforcement in a shuttering, casting concrete for the purpose of forming the concrete lower slab, and allowing at least partial curing of this concrete lower slab.

In order to increase the strength of the floor part and to absorb possible future transverse forces, it is advantageous to make use of one or more lattice girders. These protrude from the lower slab into the filling material. They preferably protrude from the lower slab through the filling material and into the upper slab.

The lattice girders can be a part of the above-mentioned prefabricated reinforced lower slab. It is however recommended to place the lattice girders in the shuttering prior to casting of concrete for forming a concrete lower slab. It is also possible that the reinforcement of the lower slab has been or is connected to the lattice girders. It is thus possible for the reinforcement and lattice girders to be placed as one whole in the shuttering. For a further strengthening of the floor part, the upper slab can be provided with reinforcement. The reinforcement is preferably placed prior to casting of the concrete used to form the concrete upper slab. The reinforcement will in practice be placed on the lattice girders. It is also possible to place the reinforcement on the partially cured intermediate layer. The reinforcement can be connected to the lattice girders prior to casting. It is in principle also possible to place the overall reinforcement for lower and upper slabs and lattice girders integrally in the shuttering. This is particularly advantageous if no installation conduits are provided in the floor part. Pipework can be arranged prior to curing of the filling material. The pipework is preferably arranged after casting of the concrete for the lower slab and before casting of the filling material. The pipework, which is generally supplied as components, is here laid on top of the partially cured lower slab. It is recommended that in this case the possible lattice girders have already been placed. It is possible to work with multiple height-dependent levels for the pipework which are arranged successively. If for instance sewer pipes must lie below hot and cold water conduits, they are placed first. The sewer pipes are here usually fixed, although all other conduits are flexible. The invention also provides a floor part and a bearing construction of a building provided with such a floor part. The floor part according to the invention comprises a reinforced concrete lower slab, a concrete upper slab disposed parallel to and at a distance from the concrete lower slab, and a cured filling material received between the concrete lower and upper slabs. The specific weight of the concrete lower and upper slabs is here considerably higher than the average specific weight of the filling material . The intended advantages as discussed above are hereby gained. The floor part can comprise a lattice girder which protrudes from the lower slab into the filling material. It preferably protrudes from the lower slab through the filling material and into the upper slab. It is also recommended that the concrete upper slab be reinforced. Pipework can be present in the floor part, preferably in the intermediate layer. As discussed above, this pipework can be provided with multiple height-dependent levels. The intermediate layer, or the material forming this layer, can also be provided with cavities arranged therein for the purpose of reducing the average specific weight of the intermediate layer. The formation of these cavities can be an integral part of the methods as stated above. As noted above, it is recommended to manufacture the floor part in a factory environment, and not for instance at the construction site, whereby a prefab floor part of great accuracy results.

The intermediate layer comprises at least one material from the material group consisting of lightweight concrete, foam concrete, polystyrene concrete. The specific weight of the concrete used is preferably less than 1100 kg/m³. At least one of the lower slab and the upper slab comprises reinforced concrete, such as high-grade C35/C45 concrete with B500B reinforcement, optionally provided with sand-lined carbon reinforcement rods.

The fourth object of the present invention is achieved with a bearing construction of a building according to the invention comprising a floor with a wall placed thereon. This construction further comprises a plurality of assemblies for setting the wall on the floor. At least one assembly herein comprises a setting body cast into the floor and a setting element which engages in the setting body and extends outside a surface of the floor in the direction of the wall. The setting element herein engages the wall for mutual stabilizing of wall and floor. A particular aspect of the present invention is that the setting element, at least prior to placing of the wall on the floor, is position-adjustable relative to the setting body. It is thus possible to perform the setting at the location where the wall is to be placed. Owing to the above measures it is possible to reduce the tolerance. Because the setting element is adjustable prior to placing, this element can be aligned relative to the wall and the edge of the floor, as well as relative to other setting elements. It is recommended here that the floor be provided with multiple assemblies. It is then possible for instance to tension a cord or to make use of a laser, whereby all setting elements are placed in one line. This alignment can take place before the heavy wall is placed. In a preferred embodiment the wall is provided on a side directed toward the floor with a pressure distributor for distributing pressure exerted on this side of the wall. An example of such a pressure distributor is a rubber profile at least partially covering the side directed toward the floor. The use of a pressure distributor reduces the requirements which must be set for the flatness of the wall and the floor. Irregularities in these components can be compensated by means of the pressure distributor. The pressure distributor ensures that the pressure is not concentrated only at the location of the unevenness but is distributed over a larger area, thereby considerably reducing the risk of damage. Another advantage of a pressure distributor is that it further reduces the above stated required tolerance.

The pressure distributor can be arranged on the setting element and/or on the side of the wall directed toward the floor. In the case of walls or wall parts for casting it is possible to prearrange the pressure distributor in the shuttering, whereby it will form an integral part of the wall.

In a favourable embodiment of the bearing construction according to the invention the wall is provided in a side directed toward the floor with a wall cavity which, at least after placing, fits onto said setting element. The pressure distributor can here be arranged in the wall cavity, preferably already before placing of the wall. After placing of the wall the pressure distributor is then situated between the wall cavity and the setting element. The wall cavity and the setting element preferably have a semicylindrical profile. Such a profile provides for a good self-aligning capability and for a good pressure distribution. It is advantageous for the setting element to be releasably connected to the setting body prior to placing of the wall on the floor. In this embodiment the setting body is arranged in the floor, and this body does not protrude above the floor surface. This facilitates transport and stacking of the floor (parts) . Once the floor has been arranged on site, the setting elements are arranged in the setting body and mutually aligned.

The setting element is preferably fixed relative to the setting body by cured material cast into the setting body, wherein the cured material at least partially encloses the setting element. After placing of the wall, mortar is for instance cast at a later stage into the setting body. The setting element is then fixed. This casting can take place simultaneously with casting of the covering floor. A floor generally comprises a plurality of floor parts and a wall comprises a plurality of wall parts. It is recommended here to apply the above stated measures to each wall and floor part. It is further recommended that at least two assemblies are applied per placed wall part. The functionality of the wall and floor can be increased if the floor is provided on a side remote from the wall with a floor cavity and the wall is provided on a side remote from the floor with a protrusion. Such wall and/or floor can be used for the purpose of stacking wall and floor on each other. This is possible because the floor cavity and the protrusion of the wall are adapted to each other. It is recommended here that a pressure distributor is once again applied between the wall protrusion and the floor cavity. This can be the same type of pressure distributor as discussed above. In the case of walls or wall parts for casting it is also possible with this pressure distributor to also arrange the pressure distributor in the shuttering, whereby it will form an integral part of the wall.

Multiple storeys can be realized in simple manner with these elements. The floor of the ground floor is first of all placed here. This need not necessarily be provided with floor cavities. The walls are then placed in the above stated manner. After placing, a party floor can be placed on top of the walls. The protrusions of the walls will here fit onto the floor cavities of the party floor. As already noted, a party floor, as well as the walls on which it is placed, consist of a plurality of parts or slabs in which the assembly, the protrusions and the cavities are applied. A further advantage of this type of wall and floor is that the number of different components needed to build a bearing construction can be reduced. The use of standard parts reduces production costs, the design effort, the logistical costs, and provides the option of large-scale construction. Preferably arranged in the setting body is a shaft along which fixing means for fixing the setting element are displaceable. The use of a shaft limits the adjustability of the setting element to one direction. The shaft preferably lies here perpendicularly of the edge of the floor. It is however also possible to envisage the setting element engaging rotatably on the shaft, whereby rotation in the plane of the floor also becomes possible.

The shaft can further be provided with screw thread. The fixing means can for instance comprise two plate parts between which the setting element can be clamped to the floor, at least prior to placing of the wall. The plate parts are fixable here by engaging on said screw thread. An example is plate parts which are in contact with or connected to nuts arranged on the shaft. The plate parts can be displaced over the shaft by rotating these nuts. The setting element can also be clamped in this way.

It is advantageous that the movement of the setting element can be fixed in a plane of the floor, at least prior to placing of the floor, and wherein the setting element extends in this plane to a position outside the setting body. In this embodiment the form of the setting element provides for limiting of the movement perpendicularly of the floor. This is because the setting element extends over the setting body, whereby it rests on the floor. Movement in the plane of the floor is limited by the above stated fixing means, for instance the plate parts which engage the shaft.

The present invention is particularly suitable for applying prefab components. These components have more accurate dimensioning than components cast on site. In prefab components the cavities in wall and floor can for instance be formed in a factory environment by using reusable moulds in which corresponding profiles are arranged.

The invention further provides a floor and wall as described above. It will be apparent to the skill person that a floor part or wall part is not precluded and that the invention likewise relates to these components.

The invention also provides an assembly for relative setting of a wall and a floor as described above. It is possible here for the setting element to be connected releasably or non-releasably to the setting body. It is also possible for the setting body and setting element to be processed and/or supplied as separate components.

The present invention likewise provides a method for building a bearing construction of a building. The method herein comprises of providing a floor with a setting body cast therein, providing a wall, and providing a setting element which can engage the setting body. The method also comprises of adjusting the setting element after placing of the setting element in the setting body. The setting element can here already be coupled to the setting body. Placing of the setting element in or on the setting body can also form part of the method. According to the method the wall is then placed on the floor, wherein the setting element engages the wall for mutual stabilization of wall and floor.

It will be apparent to the skilled person that the floor, the wall, the setting body and the setting element can be embodied as described above. In a preferred method the building of a bearing construction of a building comprises of repeatedly applying the foregoing method for the purpose of forming multiple storeys. A wall forming part of one storey is here coupled to a floor part forming part of a storey at a higher level through an engagement between a wall protrusion of said wall and a floor cavity in said floor, preferably via a pressure distributor.

Embodiments of the different aspects of the invention will be discussed hereinbelow in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures, wherein:

Figure 1 shows a section of an internal wall part according to a first aspect of the invention;

Figure 2 shows a section of an internal wall part according to a first aspect of the invention provided with a wall socket; Figure 3 shows a section of an internal wall part according to a first aspect of the invention provided with a washbasin fitting;

Figure 4 shows a sectional view of a profile for the placing of internal wall parts according to a first aspect of the invention;

Figure 5 shows an overview of a partly placed internal wall according to a first aspect of the invention;

Figure 6 shows a schematic overview of a first and second conduit part which are connected by means of a coupling piece according to a second aspect of the invention;

Figure 7 shows the pipework of figure 6 arranged in a wall part which comprises a washbasin connection according to a second aspect of the invention;

Figure 8 shows the wall part of figure 7 placed on a floor according to a second aspect of the invention;

Figure 9 shows a cross-section of two coupled embodiments of floor parts according to a third aspect of the invention; Figure 10 is a top view of an embodiment of a floor part according to a third aspect of the invention in which a stairwell is arranged;

Figures 11A-11C show an embodiment of a coupling between adjacent floor parts according to a third aspect of the invention;

Figures 12A-12C show an embodiment of a floor part according to a third aspect of the invention in which a part of a stairwell is arranged; Figures 13A-13C show a view of an embodiment of a setting body and setting element in coupled and uncoupled position according to a fourth aspect of the invention;

Figure 14 shows an overview of a setting body placed in a floor according to a fourth aspect of the invention; and Figure 15 shows a sectional view of a structure of a storey according to a fourth aspect of the invention making use of the setting body and setting element of figure 13.

Figure 1 shows an internal wall part 1 according to a first aspect of the invention. The internal wall part comprises two flat finishing panels 2, 3 and a cured material 4 situated in the space between finishing panels 2, 3. The internal wall part is further provided on the side and top side with rebates 5, 5' .

In this embodiment plasterboard with a thickness of dl=d2=9.5 mm is used for the flat finishing panels 2, 3. The plasterboards are placed at an external distance of s=70 mm. Other embodiments with different dimensions, such as an external distance of s=100 mm, are also possible.

The internal wall part is storey-high, this corresponding in most cases to a height of hl⁼h2=h3=2650 mm. The width b of the shown wall part amounts to 600 mm. A possible composition of the concrete filling is Portland cement 550 kg, sand (weighed) 0.2 1210 kg, water 370 litres, Cugla® accelerator S33 16 kg and Cugla® foaming agent 80 23 1.93 kg, all per cubic metre of product. Another composition is CEM I 52.5 R 300 kg, fine sea sand 700 kg, water 140 kg, EPS granules 4-6 mm 650 litres.

Together with the weight of the plasterboard this results in a line load of something less than 3 kN per running metre of wall part on the floor.

Figure 2 shows a wall part with a wall socket 6. Wall socket 6 is connected to a conduit 7 which debouches in the rebate on the side of the internal wall part. Wall socket 6 can be connected by means of a flexible conduit 8 to the mains electricity. In the embodiment shown in figure 2 conduit 8 runs in rebates 5 and 5' . The shuttering/mould can here be adapted such that the bends are rounded, thus enabling easy guiding of the conduits.

Figure 3 shows a wall part with a washbasin connection 9. This comprises two connections 10, 10' for water and a connection 11 for the drain. These connections are connected respectively to conduits 12, 12' and 13. These conduits run to the bottom of the internal wall part. As drawn, it is likewise possible to arrange an opening on the underside of the internal wall part, thereby facilitating access to the conduits. Such an opening can be made during manufacture. It is however also possible to modify the shuttering/mould and to provide the relevant plasterboard with a hole on the underside.

The bottom part of conduits 12,12' is shown as being bent in figure 3. Outlet pipe 13 is likewise provided with a pipe bend. Owing to these measures it is easy to make a connection with external pipework. In another embodiment conduits 12,12' are given a straight form and/or the pipe bend of outlet pipe 13 is not yet arranged. By embodying the shuttering such that no material is cast around the outer ends of these conduits/pipe, these outer ends remain manipulable after curing. The outer ends of conduits 12,12' can for instance thus be bent at the construction site. The profile of figure 4 has a width roughly corresponding to the thickness of the internal wall part. The profile is hereby no longer visible after placing of the internal wall part. The protruding parts 14, 14' are embodied such that they are complementary to rebate 5,5'.

For the purpose of placing an internal wall the profile is first placed. This profile can consist of a plurality of profile parts, each preferably with a section as shown in figure 4. The internal wall parts are then placed, wherein it is advantageous to begin at the wall.

Figure 5 shows an overview of a placed wall part. The wall part is here lifted and, using a wedge, clamped between the rough floor and the ceiling. Other connecting pieces can also be used instead of a wedge. After placing of the first wall part the subsequent wall part is placed. Because the two parts are aligned relative to each other by means of the profile, a channel is formed through the rebates of both wall parts. Once all wall parts have been placed, optionally with frames, the space can be further finished. The conduits of wall sockets and washbasin connection (s) can here be connected to the pipework of the building. The finishing of the floor can then take place, for instance by casting a covering floor as top layer. The internal wall parts are hereby further fixed.

Figure 6 shows a schematic overview of the first conduit part 21 and second conduit part 23 which are connected by means of a coupling piece according to a second aspect of the invention. The coupling piece is embodied here as a sliding sleeve 22. The second conduit part 23 is in principle movable, such as slidable and/or rotatable, in sleeve 22 without this detracting from the watertight properties of the coupling between the conduit parts. Second conduit part 23 can be divided into a part 23' covered by the sliding sleeve and a non-covered part 23". Figure 7 shows the pipework of figure 6 received in a prefabricated wall part 24 (construction element) . This wall part consists mainly of cast concrete. At the time of casting of this concrete the required conduits have already been arranged in the space in the shuttering, for instance by fixing the conduits to the shuttering. The conduits are hereby fixed in wall part 24. Prior to casting however, a polystyrene casing 25 is arranged around non-covered part 23" which ensures that the filling material does not adhere to non-covered part 23". Wall part 24 further comprises a washbasin connection comprising a hot 26 and cold 27 water conduit. Further provided is an outlet pipe comprising the pipework of figure 6. This pipework is connected at the top and bottom to pipe bends 28,29. These elements are generally glued to the respective first and second conduit part. Bend element 29 can however also be placed and attached after displacement of second conduit part 23. The hot 26 and cold 27 water conduits, and second conduit part 23 can be accessed through an opening 30 on the underside of wall part 24. The hot 26 and cold 27 water conduits can likewise be provided with a casing 25' and 25". The removal of these casings after placing ensures that the conduits can be bent for easier connection to pipework that is present.

Figure 8 shows wall part 24 of figure 7 placed on a floor 31. This floor 31 is provided with the corresponding hot 26' and cold 27 ^f water conduits and with outlet pipe 32. Arranged in floor 31 around these conduits is a recess 33 which runs through under wall part 24. Figure 8 shows a coupled situation of the conduits. For this purpose the polystyrene casings 25, 25' and 25" are removed after placing of wall part 24 on floor 31 and the second conduit part 23 is displaced into recess 33. A bend element 34 is arranged on outlet pipe 32. It is hereby possible to connect outlet pipe 32 to bend element 29 by means of a straight pipe 35.

The placing of the wall part on the floor is not direct, in other words the wall part is situated in a vicinity of the floor. In figure 8 wall part 23 is placed on setting means 36. These already known means can be used to set wall part 24. Final fixing of wall part 24 and floor 31 takes place by casting a covering floor (not shown) . This casting results in recess 33 and the conduits received therein being concealed. Opening 30 is for instance embodied such that it is also covered during casting of the covering floor.

Figure 9 shows a cross-section through two coupled embodiments of floor parts according to a third aspect of the present invention. The floor part comprises a sandwich construction of a lower slab 41, an intermediate layer 42 and an upper slab 43. Lower slab 41 and upper slab 43 are provided respectively with reinforcement 44 and reinforcement 45. Arranged in intermediate layer 42 is a lattice girder 46 which is generally connected to reinforcement 44 and 45. It is also possible for the whole of reinforcement 44, 45 and lattice girder 46 to form an integral component.

Intermediate layer 42 has a low specific weight, whereby the height of this layer can be large without the weight of the floor part becoming too high. Conduits can hereby be arranged at different height levels in the intermediate layer. The crossing of conduits is therefore possible with a floor part according to the present invention.

Figure 9 further shows the coupling between two floor parts by means of a goblet-shaped joint Al of mortar. Figure 10 shows a top view of an embodiment of a floor part according to the invention in which a stairwell 48 is incorporated. The floor part shown in figure 10 runs through to the outside wall which is situated close to stairwell 48. Arranged in the floor part is a sewer network 49, in addition to an inlet duct 50 and outlet duct 51 for mechanical ventilation. These conduits cross each other in the floor part.

Figures 11A-11C show different views of an embodiment of a coupling between adjacent floor parts. Such a coupling could be used to couple ducts 50, 51 of figure 10 on the sides of the floor part. The side view of figure HA shows that ducts 50, 51 run in intermediate layer 42. The corresponding top view (figure HB) and cross-sectional view (figure HC) show that the floor part is provided at the outer end with a recess through which ducts 50, 51 are accessible after placing of two adjacent floor parts. Use can be made of known coupling techniques, such as coupling pieces, to connect the ducts in the two floor parts to each other. The recess can then be finished using mortar, optionally simultaneously with casting of goblet-shaped joint 47. This is not however an obstacle to continuing the building of the bearing construction of a building. In other words, using floor parts according to the present invention, certainly when the floor part is prefabricated (a so-called prefab floor part), it is possible to build more quickly and efficiently than with existing techniques. The process is also less labour-intensive and less waste is produced because it is possible to dispense with casting concrete at the construction site.

Figures 12A-12C show an embodiment of a floor part according to the invention in which a part of a stairwell is accommodated. The whole stairwell is now formed by means of two separate floor parts 52, 53. These floor parts rest on an underlying bearing construction 54. The coupling between floor part 52, 53 and bearing construction 54 is shown in figures 12B and 12C which show a cross-sectional view along respectively lines I and II in figure 12A.

Figure 12B shows that floor part 52 is recessed on the underside, whereby it connects to a profile of bearing construction 54. A metal plate 55 is further arranged for further strengthening of the coupling between floor part 52 and bearing construction 54. A shaft recess 56 can optionally be provided in floor part 53. Figure 13A shows the structure of a setting body 61 according to a fourth aspect of the present invention. Setting body 61 comprises a metal housing 62 in which a shaft 63 with screw thread is received. Arranged round shaft 63 are two plate parts 64, 64' which are displaceable along shaft 63. Two nuts 65 (only one shown) are used to limit the movement of plate parts 64, 64'. Anchoring rods 66, 66' are further arranged which provide for a further anchoring in the floor. Figure 13B shows a setting element 67. Figure 13C further shows setting body 61 and setting element 67 in coupled position. Setting element 67 comprises a plate part 68 with a recess 69 arranged therein whereby setting element 67 can be placed around shaft 63 between plate parts 64,64' . Setting element 67 further extends in lateral direction. When setting element 67 is placed, this element will hereby rest on the floor. The pressure exerted by a wall is hereby distributed over the floor, and this pressure is not concentrated, or at least not fully, on shaft 63, see for instance figure 14 for a view of setting body 61 placed in a floor 70.

Figure 15 shows a sectional view of a storey wherein the plane of section is shifted per component in order to elucidate the mutual relation.

In figure 15 a wall 71 is placed on floor 70. Placed on top of wall 71 is another floor 72 which preferably has the same structure as floor 70. Wall 71 is provided on a side directed toward floor 70 with a cavity 73. Setting element 67 fits into wall cavity 73 via a pressure distributor 74 in the form of a rubber profile.

A protrusion 75 is provided on the top side of wall 71. Protrusion 75 fits into a floor cavity 76 in floor 72 via a pressure distributor 77. This pressure distributor is also in the form of a rubber profile. A mutual stabilizing of floor and wall is obtained by said connection or engagement.

As finishing, mortar can be cast into this element via opening 78 in setting body 61. The mortar will hereby enclose setting element 67, and in particular plate parts 64, 64 ', whereby setting element 67 is further fixed. This casting can take place simultaneously with casting of the covering floor. The rubber profile used according to the invention must be able to withstand weather, ozone and ageing. It must also be possible to guarantee the properties of the profile in a wide temperature range, for instance from -20 degrees Celsius to +60 degrees Celsius. Mechanical (load) requirements are also applicable, such as tensile strength (preferably greater than 15 N/itim²) , elongation at break (preferably greater than 250%), hardness {preferably greater than a shore A hardness of 70%) , shear stress (preferably greater than 0.2 N/mm) and the maximum compression stress (preferably greater than 7.5 N/mm). It has been found that in view of the set requirements, neoprene or polychloroprene is a suitable material for the rubber profile.

It must further be noted that the walls and floors, or parts thereof, discussed within the context of the present invention are usually embodied in a type of concrete optionally provided with reinforcement. The present invention is however equally applicable to walls and floors manufactured from other material.

It will be apparent to the skilled person that various changes, modifications and additions to the shown embodiments are possible without departing from the scope of protection defined by the appended claims. An important aspect of the present invention related to the first object of the invention is thus the balance between the weight of the filling and the permitted line load. At the moment of filing of the application the maximum allowed line load in the Netherlands is 3 JcN per running metre of wall part (NEN-6702) . Maximum line load designates in this case the maximum line load which the internal wall part may exert on for instance the floor without this part having to be included as line load in the technical construction calculations for the building structure. If a greater line load is allowed, for instance because the invention is applied in another region or country or the invention is applied in another type of construction, it is possible to suffice with material with a greater specific weight. The use of such a material can be advantageous for the purpose of, among others, sound insulation or mechanical strength. It will be self-evident that the values for the different components and materials in the present application will depend on the permitted line load. The skilled person will however be able, making use of the values stated in this application, to find a suitable combination such that the advantages of the present invention can be achieved without departing from the scope of protection as defined by the appended claims.

An important aspect of the present invention related to the second object of the invention is that a conduit (part) which is fixed in a component by the production process of the component in which the conduit (part) is incorporated, for instance casting, can be made movable by being provided prior to the production process with a protection such as a casing in order to prevent the conduit (part) being fixed permanently in the component by direct contact. Instead of this permanent fixing there is temporary fixing after production since the conduit (part) is movable once again after removal of the casing. A coupling piece can be used here as transition here between fixed and movable pipework.

Claims

CIAIMS

1. Prefabricated internal wall part, comprising a structural part consisting of cured cast material and a finishing panel connected to the structural part, characterized in that the finishing panel has formed part of shuttering for said casting and that the connection between finishing panel and structural part is a consequence of said curing.

2. Prefabricated internal wall part as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cured cast material is cement-bonded.

3. Prefabricated internal wall part as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the structural part is provided on two sides with a finishing panel for the purpose of forming a sandwich internal wall part.

4. Prefabricated internal wall part as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the finishing panel is a plasterboard.

5. Prefabricated internal wall part as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the weight of the internal wall part is equal to or less than 300 kg per running metre of internal wall part.

6. Prefabricated internal wall part as claimed in claim 5, wherein a weight-reducing additive is added to the cast material.

7. Prefabricated internal wall part as claimed in claim 6, wherein the weight-reducing additive comprises a foaming agent.

8. Prefabricated internal wall part as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the cured cast material is a type of concrete.

9. Prefabricated internal wall part as claimed in claim 8, wherein the concrete comprises a composition of materials in the following weight ratio: cement 450-650 kg, sand 1200-1400 kg, water 200-500 kg per cubic metre of internal wall part.

10. Prefabricated internal wall part as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, comprising pipework connected to a finishing panel and enclosed by the cast cured material.

11. Prefabricated internal wall part as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein said pipework comprises a water conduit for a washbasin connection.

12. Prefabricated internal wall part as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein said pipework comprises an electricity conduit.

13. Prefabricated internal wall part as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, further comprising an inlet/outlet unit which is connected to the finishing panel and connected to said pipework, wherein said inlet/outlet unit is placed together with the pipework in the shuttering prior to casting.

14. Prefabricated internal wall part as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the internal wall part is provided on an outer edge with a rebate which forms a channel for guiding pipework.

15. Internal wall system, comprising: a plurality of prefabricated internal wall parts as defined in any of the foregoing claims placed adjacently of each other; and a profile for fixing the internal wall parts in a direction perpendicularly of the finishing panels of the internal wall parts.

16. Internal wall system as claimed in claim 15, wherein the internal wall parts are provided on an outer edge with a rebate, wherein two rebates forming part of separate internal wall parts form a closed channel for guiding pipework.

17. Internal wall system as claimed in claim 16, wherein a rebate is provided in the upward directed outer edge of the internal wall parts, wherein the profile comprises protruding parts which engage the side walls of the rebate, wherein the protruding parts form side walls of the channel.

18. Method for manufacturing an internal wall part as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 1-14, comprising of providing a finishing panel; constructing a shuttering for the purpose of forming a structural part of the internal wall part; casting material into the shuttering; allowing the cast material to cure; characterized by accommodating the finishing panel in the shuttering prior to casting and allowing connection of finishing panel and structural part during the curing.

19. Method for manufacturing an internal wall part as claimed in claim 18, wherein the material for casting comprises concrete.

20. Method for manufacturing an internal wall part as claimed in claim 18 or 19, wherein the finishing panel is a plasterboard.

21. Method for manufacturing an internal wall part as claimed in claim 20, comprising of priming the plasterboard with a polyvinyl acetate adhesive prior to casting of the material.

22. Method for manufacturing an internal wall part as claimed in any of the claims 18-21, comprising of adding a weight-reducing additive to the material for casting.

23. Method for manufacturing an internal wall part as claimed in any of the claims 18-22, comprising of adding an accelerator to the material for casting.

24. Method for manufacturing an internal wall part as claimed in any of the claims 18-23, comprising, prior to casting of the material for casting, of: arranging a hole in a finishing panel for placing of a wall socket; placing the wall socket; laying pipework connected to said wall socket in the shuttering.

25. Method for manufacturing an internal wall part as claimed in any of the claims 18-24, comprising, prior to casting of the material, of: arranging a hole in a plasterboard for placing a washbasin connection; laying pipework for the washbasin connection in the space between the plasterboards which is connected to said hole.

26. Method for manufacturing an internal wall part as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 18-25, wherein the shuttering is provided on an inner side with a protrusion for the purpose of forming a rebate in the internal wall.

27. Construction element consisting at least partially of cured filling material and provided with a conduit system, wherein the conduit system comprises: a first conduit part; a second conduit part; a coupling piece between the first and second conduit parts, wherein the second conduit part comprises a part covered by the coupling piece and a non-covered part, and wherein the second conduit part in a non-fixed state is movable relative to the first conduit part; a casing around the non-covered part of the second conduit part; wherein the first conduit part and the coupling piece are fixed in the construction element by the cured filling material, and the second conduit part is fixed by the cured filling material via the casing, wherein the casing can be removed from outside the construction element in order to make the second conduit part movable.

28. Construction element as claimed in claim 27, wherein the construction element is a prefabricated construction element.

29. Construction element as claimed in claim 27 or 28, wherein the coupling piece comprises a sliding sleeve.

30. Construction element as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 27-29, wherein the construction element comprises a wall part .

31. Construction element as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 27-30, wherein the first and second conduit parts comprise PVC pipes.

32. Construction element as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 27-31, wherein the cured filling material comprises concrete.

33. Construction element as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 27-32, wherein the casing comprises polystyrene.

34. Construction element as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 27-33, further provided with an opening for removing the casing and making the second conduit part slidable.

35. Construction element as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 27-34, wherein the second conduit part can be displaced outside the construction element.

36. Construction element as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 27-35, further comprising a bend element connected to the non-covered part of the second conduit part.

37. Construction element as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 27-36, wherein the first and second conduit parts form part of sanitary outlet pipework.

38. Method for connecting the second conduit part in a construction element as claimed in any of the claims 27-37 to a third conduit part running in a structural part, such as for instance a floor, comprising the steps of: placing the construction element in a vicinity of the structural part; positioning the second conduit part relative to the third conduit part; connecting the second conduit part to the third conduit part at a connecting point of the third conduit part.

39. Method as claimed in claim 38, further comprising of: arranging a recess in the structural part in a vicinity of the connecting point of the third conduit part, sliding the second conduit part into the recess after placing of the construction element.

40. Method as claimed in claim 39, further comprising the steps of arranging a conduit element in the recess between the second and third conduit parts for the purpose of connecting the second and third conduit parts.

41. Method as claimed in any of the claims 38-40, wherein the construction element comprises a wall part and the structural part is a floor.

42. Method as claimed in claim 41, wherein the construction element is set during said placing on the floor and wherein after said connecting a floor is cast for the purpose of fixing the construction element relative to the floor and concealing the second and third conduit parts and the connection therebetween.

43. Conduit system as defined in any of the claims 27-37.

44. Building structure provided with a conduit system as claimed in claim 43, and/or a connection between conduit parts as obtained by applying the method according to any of the claims 38-42.

45. Method for manufacturing a floor part, comprising of: providing a reinforced concrete lower slab in a shuttering; casting curable filling material onto this lower slab for the purpose of forming an intermediate layer; allowing at least partial curing of the cast filling material; casting concrete onto the at least partially cured filling material for the purpose of forming a concrete upper slab; and allowing curing of the concrete upper slab; wherein the specific weight of the concrete lower and upper slabs is considerably higher than the average specific weight of the filling material.

46. Method as claimed in claim 45, wherein providing a reinforced concrete lower slab in a shuttering comprises of: placing reinforcement in a shuttering; casting concrete for the purpose of forming a concrete lower slab; and allowing at least partial curing of the concrete lower slab.

47. Method as claimed in claim 45, wherein the concrete lower slab is provided with a lattice girder which protrudes from the lower slab into the filling material.

48. Method as claimed in claim 46, wherein the method further comprises of placing a lattice girder in the shuttering prior to casting of concrete for forming a concrete lower slab.

49. Method as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 45-48, further comprising of placing reinforcement prior to casting concrete to form the concrete upper slab for the purpose of reinforcing the concrete upper slab.

50. Method as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 45-49, further comprising of arranging pipework prior to the curing of filling material.

51. Method as claimed in claim 50, wherein the pipework comprises multiple height-dependent levels which are arranged successively.

52. Floor part, comprising: a reinforced concrete lower slab; a concrete upper slab disposed parallel to and at a distance from the concrete lower slab; and a cured filling material received between the concrete lower and upper slabs; wherein the specific weight of the concrete lower and upper slabs is considerably higher than the average specific weight of the filling material.

53. Floor part as claimed in claim 52, further comprising a lattice girder which protrudes from the lower slab into the filling material.

54. Floor part as claimed in claim 53, wherein the concrete upper slab is reinforced.

55. Floor part as claimed in claim 54, wherein the floor part comprises pipework.

56. Floor part as claimed in claim 55, wherein the pipework has multiple height-dependent levels.

57. Floor part as claimed in any of the claims 52-56, wherein the intermediate layer comprises cavities arranged for the purpose of reducing the average specific weight of the intermediate layer.

58. Floor part as claimed in any of the claims 52-57, wherein the intermediate layer comprises at least one material from the material group consisting of lightweight concrete, foam concrete, polystyrene concrete, and wherein at least one of the lower slab and the upper slab comprises reinforced concrete.

59. Floor part as claimed in any of the claims 52-58, wherein the floor part is a prefabricated floor part.

60. Bearing construction of a building comprising a floor part as claimed in any of the claims 52-59.

61. Bearing construction of a building comprising a floor with a wall placed thereon, wherein the construction comprises a plurality of assemblies for setting the wall on the floor, wherein at least one assembly of said plurality of assemblies comprises : a setting body cast into the floor; a setting element which engages in the setting body and extends outside a surface of the first floor in the direction of the wall, wherein the setting element engages the wall for mutual stabilizing of wall and floor; wherein the setting element, at least prior to placing of the wall on the floor, is position-adjustable relative to the setting body.

62. Bearing construction of a building as claimed in claim

61, wherein the wall is provided on a side directed toward the floor with a pressure distributor for distributing pressure exerted on this side of the wall.

63. Bearing construction of a building as claimed in claim

62, wherein the pressure distributor comprises a rubber profile at least partially covering the side directed toward the floor.

64. Bearing construction of a building as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 61-63, wherein the wall is provided in a side directed toward the floor with a wall cavity which, at least after placing, connects to said setting element.

65. Bearing construction of a building as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 61-64, wherein the setting element is releasably connected to the setting body prior to placing of the wall on the floor.

66. Bearing construction of a building as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 61-65, wherein the setting element is fixed relative to the setting body by cured material cast into the setting body, wherein the cured material at least partially encloses the setting element.

67. Bearing construction of a building as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 61-66, wherein the floor comprises a plurality of floor parts and the wall comprises a plurality of wall parts, wherein at least two assemblies are applied per placed wall part.

68. Bearing construction of a building as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 61-67, wherein the floor is provided on a side remote from the wall with a floor cavity and the wall is provided on a side remote from the floor with a protrusion.

69. Bearing construction of a building as claimed in claim 68, wherein the bearing construction comprises a plurality of coupled storeys, wherein the coupling between a wall forming part of one storey to a floor part forming part of a storey at a higher level is formed by an engagement between a wall protrusion of said wall and a floor cavity in said floor, preferably via a pressure distributor.

70. Bearing construction of a building as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 61-69, wherein a shaft is arranged in the setting body along which fixing means for fixing the setting element are displaceable.

71. Bearing construction of a building as claimed in claim 70, wherein the shaft is provided with screw thread and wherein the fixing means comprise two plate parts between which the setting element can be clamped to the floor, at least prior to placing of the wall, wherein the plate parts are fixable by engaging on said screw thread.

72. Bearing construction of a building as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 61-71, wherein movement of the setting element can be fixed in a plane of the floor, at least prior to placing of the floor, and wherein the setting element extends in this plane to a position outside the setting body.

73. Bearing construction of a building as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 61-72, wherein at least one of said wall and floor is prefabricated.

74. Floor as defined in any of the foregoing claims 61-73.

75. Wall as defined in any of the foregoing claims 61-73.

76. Assembly for relative setting of a wall and a floor as defined in any of the foregoing claims 61-73.

77. Method for building a bearing construction of a building, comprising of: providing a floor with a setting body cast therein; providing a wall; providing a setting element which can engage the setting body; adjusting the setting element after placing of the setting element in the setting body; placing the wall on the floor, wherein the setting element engages the wall for mutual stabilization of wall and floor.

78. Method for building a bearing construction of a building as claimed in claim 77, wherein the floor, the wall and/or the setting body are embodied as defined in any of the claims 61-76.

79. Method for building a bearing construction of a building as claimed in claim 77 or 78, wherein the floor, the wall and/or the setting body are embodied as defined in claim 69, further comprising of repeatedly applying the method of claim 77 for the purpose of forming multiple storeys, wherein a wall forming part of one storey is coupled to a floor part forming part of a storey at a higher level through an engagement between a wall protrusion of said wall and a floor cavity in said floor, preferably via a pressure distributor.