WO2010006499A1 - 密封型自毁式一次性注射器 - Google Patents

密封型自毁式一次性注射器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010006499A1
WO2010006499A1 PCT/CN2009/000492 CN2009000492W WO2010006499A1 WO 2010006499 A1 WO2010006499 A1 WO 2010006499A1 CN 2009000492 W CN2009000492 W CN 2009000492W WO 2010006499 A1 WO2010006499 A1 WO 2010006499A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
needle
head
needle head
disposable syringe
self
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2009/000492
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
骆星宇
莫山仁
Original Assignee
Luo Xingyu
Mo Shanren
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Luo Xingyu, Mo Shanren filed Critical Luo Xingyu
Publication of WO2010006499A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010006499A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/322—Retractable needles, i.e. disconnected from and withdrawn into the syringe barrel by the piston
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/322—Retractable needles, i.e. disconnected from and withdrawn into the syringe barrel by the piston
    • A61M5/3221—Constructional features thereof, e.g. to improve manipulation or functioning
    • A61M2005/323—Connection between plunger distal end and needle hub proximal end, e.g. stud protruding from the plunger
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/322—Retractable needles, i.e. disconnected from and withdrawn into the syringe barrel by the piston
    • A61M5/3221—Constructional features thereof, e.g. to improve manipulation or functioning
    • A61M2005/3231—Proximal end of needle captured or embedded inside piston head, e.g. by friction or hooks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/50—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests having means for preventing re-use, or for indicating if defective, used, tampered with or unsterile
    • A61M5/5066—Means for preventing re-use by disconnection of piston and piston-rod
    • A61M2005/5073—Means for preventing re-use by disconnection of piston and piston-rod by breaking or rupturing the connection parts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/28—Syringe ampoules or carpules, i.e. ampoules or carpules provided with a needle
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A61M5/31511—Piston or piston-rod constructions, e.g. connection of piston with piston-rod
    • A61M5/31513—Piston constructions to improve sealing or sliding
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3202—Devices for protection of the needle before use, e.g. caps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a disposable syringe widely used in the medical industry, and more particularly to a sealed self-destructive disposable syringe, which belongs to the field of medical products. Background technique
  • a large number of disposable syringes widely used in daily medical treatment are composed of: a needle bar, a syringe, a needle holder, a needle, and a needle cover.
  • the seal between the needle bar and the syringe of the disposable syringe currently used has been It is a problem that is not well solved, and liquid leakage often occurs between the needle bar and the syringe.
  • the disposable syringes currently in use mainly have two structural forms, that is, the needle heads mainly on the needle bar mainly have two structural forms, and one structure is to add a circular rubber seal on the needle head of the needle bar.
  • Pad used for sealing between needle bar and syringe. Although the sealing effect is relatively good, the direct contact with the liquid is rubber material, which is a problem for the safety of the drug. It also has no self-destruct function and cannot be used once. After the purpose of self-destruction, disposable syringes are easily used illegally by drug users and other personnel;
  • Another structure is to enlarge the needle head structure of the needle bar, that is, the diameter is enlarged to produce a sealing effect.
  • the rubber material is not used, since the needle head and the needle bar are made of the same material, the material is hard, and the needle is There is a large friction between the head and the syringe, and the sealing effect is not satisfactory, and the self-destruction function is also poor.
  • the present invention is directed to overcoming at least one aspect of the above problems and deficiencies of the prior art. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a novel sealed self-destructive disposable syringe which can self-destruct after one use, thereby solving the problem of unsafe human administration.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel sealed self-destructive disposable syringe capable of achieving a good seal between the needle bar and the syringe, thereby facilitating the easy connection between the existing disposable syringe needle bar and the syringe.
  • the problem of leakage is to provide a novel sealed self-destructive disposable syringe capable of achieving a good seal between the needle bar and the syringe, thereby facilitating the easy connection between the existing disposable syringe needle bar and the syringe. The problem of leakage.
  • a sealed self-destructive disposable syringe comprising: a needle bar, a syringe, a needle holder, a needle and a needle cover, the needle bar being mounted in the syringe at one end of the syringe and opposite to The needle cylinder is slidable, the needle seat is mounted on an opposite end of the needle cylinder from the needle bar, the needle is mounted in the needle seat, and the needle sleeve is sleeved on the needle, wherein the needle bar is composed of a push rod and a needle head.
  • Needle head seal and needle on the needle head a socket pull-out hole, wherein the needle head seal is used to form a seal between the needle head and the wall of the syringe, the needle seat pull-out hole being adapted to cooperate with the needle seat to fix the needle after the syringe is used The seat is pulled out from the end of the syringe along with the needle.
  • the needle head in the initial assembled state, is spaced apart from the needle holder mounted on the needle end by a predetermined distance.
  • the needle holder has a use position and a self-destructing position with respect to the syringe, and in the use position, the needle holder is sealingly mounted to the end of the syringe; Position, the needle holder is pulled out from the end of the syringe.
  • the needle head comprises a top and bottom two-part structure, and the needle head seal and the needle seat pull-out hole are disposed in the upper structural portion of the needle head And the lower structural portion of the needle head is coupled to the push rod.
  • the upper structural portion of the needle head is a cylindrical plug structure, and the needle seat pull-out hole is disposed at a substantially center in the upper structural portion.
  • the upper structural portion of the needle head includes a first portion having a larger diameter and a second portion having a smaller diameter, and the needle head seal is disposed in the first portion Around, a reinforced vertical rib is provided on the outer circumference of the second portion.
  • the lower structural portion of the needle head is provided as a horizontal reinforcing circular plate, and the needle head is connected to the push rod through the horizontal reinforcing circular plate.
  • an integral structure is formed between the needle head seal and the needle head.
  • a split-type assembly structure is formed between the needle head seal and the needle head.
  • the needle head seal is a curved elastic structure disposed around the outer circumference of the needle head, and is a continuous annular structure surrounding the outer circumference of the needle head.
  • one end of the curved elastic structure is connected to the outer circumference of the cylindrical plunger structure, and the other end is separated from the outer circumference of the cylindrical plunger structure.
  • both ends of the curved elastic structure are connected to the outer circumference of the cylindrical plunger structure.
  • the needle holder pull-out hole is located at a substantially center of the needle head, and is substantially aligned with the needle holder.
  • the needle holder pull-out hole is formed by a larger diameter inner cylindrical hole and a diameter.
  • Small outer cylinder The hole is composed of a stepped portion formed between the inner cylindrical hole and the outer cylindrical hole, and the needle seat has a needle seat inverted claw, and the needle seat inverted claw can be elastically contracted to enter the larger diameter inner cylindrical hole from the outer diameter cylindrical hole having a smaller diameter, Thereafter, the needle seat back claw is elastically expanded to catch the stepped portion, preventing the needle seat from being withdrawn from the needle seat pull-out hole.
  • the needle head and the push rod are of unitary construction. According to one embodiment of the sealed self-destructive disposable syringe, the needle head and the push rod are separately assembled. According to an embodiment of the sealed self-destructive disposable syringe, the needle head and the push rod are made of the same material. . According to an embodiment of the sealed self-destructive disposable syringe, the needle head and the push rod are made of different materials.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the assembly structure of the sealed self-destructive-secondary syringe of the present invention
  • Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the needle bar structure of the sealed self-destructive - secondary syringe of the present invention
  • Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the syringe structure of the sealed self-destructive-secondary syringe of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a needle seat of the sealed self-destructive-secondary syringe of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a self-destructing working principle of the sealed self-destructive--inferior syringe of the present invention
  • Figure 6 It is the self-destruction working principle of the sealed self-destructive--inferior syringe of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 In Figure 1: I, needle bar 2, syringe. 3. Needle holder.
  • Figure 6 1, needle bar 2, syringe 3, needle holder
  • the sealed self-destructive disposable syringe is composed of: 'needle rod 1, needle barrel 2, needle holder 3, needle 4, and needle sleeve 5.
  • the structure and function of the syringe 2, the needle holder 3, the needle 4, and the needle cover 5 are similar to those of the disposable syringe which is now widely used.
  • the needle bar 1 is mounted in the syringe 2
  • the needle holder 3 is mounted on the syringe 2
  • the needle 4 is mounted in the needle holder 3, and the needle cover 5 is placed over the needle 4.
  • the needle holder 3 has a use position and a self-destructing position with respect to the barrel 2, and in the use position, as shown in Fig. 1, the needle holder 3 is sealingly mounted in the needle holder end hole 21 at the end of the barrel 2; As shown in FIG. 6, the needle hub 3 is pulled out from the needle hub end hole 21 of the syringe 2.
  • the main function of the needle bar 1 is: When the needle bar 1 is pulled out, the liquid is sucked into the syringe, and when the needle bar 1 is pushed, the liquid is pushed into the human body or pushed out.
  • the needle bar 1 is composed of a push rod 11 and a needle head 12.
  • the structure of the push rod 11 is similar to that of a push rod in a disposable syringe that is now widely used.
  • the needle head 12' is composed of a top and bottom two-part structure, and a needle head seal 121 and a needle seat pull-out hole 122 are provided in the upper structural portion 12a of the needle head 12.
  • the upper structural portion 12a of the needle head 12 is a cylindrical plunger structure including a first portion 120a having a larger diameter and a second portion 120b having a smaller diameter, and a needle head seal 121 is disposed around the first portion 120a for A seal is formed between the needle head 12 and the wall of the syringe 11.
  • a reinforcing vertical rib 123 is provided around the second portion 120b'.
  • the lower structural portion 12b of the needle head 12 is fixed to the upper structural portion 12a.
  • the lower structural portion 12b of the needle head 12 is coupled to the push rod 11.
  • the lower structural portion 12b may be any suitable structure that facilitates the transfer of the urging force applied by the push rod 11.
  • the lower structure portion is set to horizontal
  • the structure reinforces the circular plate 124.
  • the needle head can be made, for example, of a non-toxic medical plastic.
  • the needle head seal 121 is a curved elastic structure disposed around the outer circumference of the needle head 12, which forms a continuous annular structure around the outer circumference of the needle head 12.
  • the needle head seal 121 is made, for example, of a non-toxic medical plastic.
  • One end of the curved elastic structure is connected to the outer circumference of the cylindrical plunger structure, and the other end is separated from the outer circumference of the cylindrical plunger structure to form an opening 125.
  • the opening 125 is preferably the end opening in contact with the drug solution.
  • the structure forming the opening 125 is advantageous for increasing the elastic deformation ability of the curved elastic structural body, facilitating assembly between the needle head and the syringe, and enhancing the sealing performance.
  • both ends of the curved elastic structural body may be connected to the outer circumference of the cylindrical plunger structure as long as it has sufficient elastic deformability.
  • the needle head seal 121 and the needle head 12 may be a one-piece coupling structure, or a separate assembly structure.
  • the needle holder pull-out hole 122 is located at a substantially center of the needle head 12, and is substantially aligned with the needle holder 3, and is composed of a smaller diameter outer cylindrical hole 122a and a larger diameter inner cylindrical hole 122b.
  • the needle holder pulls out the hole 122.
  • a stepped portion 122c is formed between the outer cylindrical bore 122a and the inner cylindrical bore 122b, and the needle hub 3 has a needle seat backing claw 31.
  • the needle seat back claw 31 can be elastically contracted to enter the larger diameter inner cylindrical hole 122b from the outer diameter cylindrical hole 122a, and then the needle seat back claw 31 is elastically expanded to buckle : the step portion 122c, thereby preventing the needle The seat 3 is withdrawn from the needle seat pull-out hole 122.
  • the needle head 12 and the push rod 11 are of a unitary structure, and may also be a split type assembly structure.
  • the needle head 12 and the push rod 11 are made of the same material, and the needle head 12 and the push rod 11 can also be made of different materials.
  • a non-toxic medical plastic can be used as an example of the material of the needle head 12 and the push rod 11.
  • the needle 4 When assembling, the needle 4 is tightly mounted on the needle holder 3, and the needle holder 3 with the needle 4 is attached to the small hole 21 at the end of the barrel 2, and between the syringe 2 and the needle holder 3 is required. Sealed and fixed, the needle cover 5 is placed on the needle 4, the needle cover 5 is caught on the syringe 2, and then the needle bar 1 is loaded into the barrel of the syringe 2. If the needle head 12 and the push rod 11 on the needle bar 1 are in a split assembly structure, the needle head 12 should first be mounted and fixed on the push rod 11, and then the needle rod 1 is loaded into the barrel of the syringe 2. In this way, it is assembled into a complete sealed self-destructive disposable syringe, which is then sterilized and packaged.
  • the needle head 12 on the needle bar '1 must be separated from the bottom of the barrel 2 by a certain distance, as shown in Figure 1, that is, the needle bar on the needle bar 1
  • the head 12 must leave the needle holder 3 on the syringe 2 - a certain distance, the bottom of the cylinder of the syringe 2 must retain a space, the needle head 12 on the needle bar 1 can not be pushed to the end, otherwise when the syringe is to be used, when the needle When the rod 1 is pulled out to inhale the liquid, the needle holder 3 and The needle 4 is pulled out and directly self-destructed and cannot be used, resulting in waste.
  • the needle head 12 is slidable relative to the barrel 2, thereby drawing the liquid medicine into the barrel when the needle rod 1 is pulled out of the barrel 2, and taking the medicine when pushing the needle rod 1 into the barrel 2. Push the liquid into the body or push the syringe out. Also, when in use, the needle bar 1 can be pushed to the end only when the sealed self-destructive disposable syringe pushes all the liquid at the time of injection, as shown in Fig. 5.
  • the needle head 12 first contacts the needle seat back claw 31 of the needle seat 3; then, with the continuous pushing of the needle bar 1, the needle seat back claw 31 elastically contracts, Entering the outer cylindrical hole 122a having a smaller diameter; then, the needle seat backing claw 31 enters the inner cylindrical hole 122b having a larger diameter, and thereafter, the needle seat backing claw 31 is elastically expanded to catch the stepped portion 122c between the two cylindrical holes, Thereby, the needle hub 3 is prevented from being withdrawn from the needle holder pull-out hole 122.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)

Description

密封型自毁式一次性注射器 技术领域
本发明涉及一种医疗行业广泛使用的一次性注射器， 尤其是涉及一种密封型自毁 式一次性注射器， 属于医疗产品领域。 背景技术
目前日常医疗中大量广泛在使用的一次性注射器， 是由： 针杆、 针筒 、 针头座、 针头、 针头套所组成， 目前在使用的一次性注射器其针杆与针筒之间的密封一直是一 个没有很好解决的问题， 针杆与针筒之间经常会产生药液泄漏。
目前在使用的一次性注射器主要有二种结构形式， 即主要是针杆上的针杆头主要 有二种结构形式， 一种结构是在针杆的针杆头上增设一个圆形的橡胶密封垫， 用于针 杆与针筒之间的密封， 虽然密封效果相对较好， 但直接和药液接触部分是橡胶材料， 对用药的安全性是个问题， 也无自毁功能， 无法实现一次使用后就自毁的目的， 一次 性注射器就容易被吸毒人员和其他人员非法利用；
另一种结构是将针杆的针杆头结构放大， 即直径加大， 以产生密封效果， 虽然没 有使用橡胶材料， 但由于针杆头和针杆是使用同一种材料， 材料较硬， 针杆头和针筒 之间会产生较大的摩擦力， 同时密封效果也不理想， 自毁功能也较差。 发明内容 '
鉴于此， 本发明在于克服现有技术中'存在的上述问题和缺陷的至少一个方面。 相应地， 本发明的目的之一在于提供一种新颖的密封型自毁式一次性注射器， 其能够在使用一次后自毁， 从而解决人体用药不安全的问题。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种新颖的密封型自毁式一次性注射器， 其能够实现 针杆与针筒之间的良好密封， 从而解决现有一次性注射器针杆与针筒之间容易泄漏 的问题。
根据本发明的一个方面， 其提供一种密封型自毁式一次性注射器， 包括： 针杆、 针筒、 针头座、 针头和针头套， 针杆在针筒的一端安装于针筒中并相对于所述针筒可 滑动， 针头座安装于针筒上与针杆相反的一端， 针头安装于针头座中， 针头套套于针 头上， 其特征在于： 针杆由推杆和针杆头所构成， 针杆头上设置有针杆头密封和针头 座拉出孔， 其中针杆头密封用于在针杆头和针筒的壁之间形成密封， 所述针头座拉出 孔适于与所述针头座配合， 以在注射器使用完毕后将针头座连同针头从针筒端部拉 出。
对于上述密封型自毁式一次性注射器， 在初始装配状态下， 所述针杆头与安装于 针端部上的所述针头座之间隔开预定的间距。
在上述的密封型自毁式一次性注射器中， 所述针头座相对于针筒具有使用位置和 自毁位置， 在使用位置， 所述针头座密封地安装于针筒的端部； 在自毁位置， 所述针 头座从针筒端部拉出。
根据密封型自毁式一次性注射器的一个实施例， 所述针杆头由上下二部分结构组 成， 针杆头的上结构部分中设置有所述针杆头密封和所述针头座拉出孔； 以及所述针 杆头的下结构部分与推杆相联接。
根据密封型自毁式一次性注射器的一个实施例， 针杆头的上结构部分为圆柱状柱 塞式结构， 所述针头座拉出孔设置在上结构部分中的大体中心。
根据密封型自毁式一次性注射器的一个实施例， 所述针杆头的所述上结构部分包 括直径较大的第一部分和直径较小的第二部分， 针杆头密封设置在第一部分的周围， 在第二部分的外周设置有加强垂直肋板。
根据密封型自毁式一次性注射器的一个实施例， 针杆头的下结构部分设置为水平 加强圆板， 针杆头通过该水平加强圆板与推杆相连。
根据密封型自毁式一次性注射盔的一个实施例， 针杆头密封与针杆头之间形成整 体式结构。
根据密封型自毁式一次性注射器^一个实施例， 针杆头密封与针杆头之间形成分 体式装配结构。
根据密封型自毁式一次性注射器的一个实施例， 所述针杆头密封是围绕针杆头的 外周设置的弯曲状弹性结构体， 为围绕针杆头的外周的连续环状结构。
据密封型自毁式一次性注射器的一个实施例， 所述弯曲状弹性结构体的一端与所 述圆柱状柱塞结构的外周相连， 另一端与圆柱状柱塞结构的外周分开。
据密封型自毁式一次性注射器的一个实施例， 所述弯曲状弹性结构体的两端均与 圆柱状柱塞结构的外周相连。
根据密封型自毁式一次性注射器的一个实施例， 针头座拉出孔位于针杆头的大体 中心， 与针头座大体对准， 针头座拉出孔由直径较大的内圆柱孔和直径较小的外圆柱 孔组成， 内圆柱孔和外圆柱孔之间形成台阶部分， 针头座具有针头座倒爪， 针头座倒 爪可以弹性收缩， 以从直径较小的外圆柱孔进入直径较大的内圆柱孔， 之后， 针头座 倒爪弹性扩张以扣住所述台阶部分， 阻止针头座退出针头座拉出孔。
根据密封型自毁式一次性注射器的一个实施例， 针杆头与推杆为整体式结构。 根据密封型自毁式一次性注射器的一个实施例， 针杆头与推杆为分体式装配结 根据密封型自毁式一次性注射器的一个实施例， 针杆头与推杆为同种材料制造。 根据密封型自毁式一次性注射器的一个实施例， 针杆头与推杆采用不同种材料制 通过采用本发明的密封型自毁式一次性注射器， 可以彻底解决现有一次性注射器 针杆与针筒之间容易泄漏和一次使用后无法自毁对人体用药不安全的问题， 具有非常 强实用性， 因而市场前景非常广阔。 附图说明
图 1 : 是本发明密封型自毁式- -次性注射器的装配结构示意图
图 2: 是本发明密封型自毁式- -次性注射器的针杆结构示意图
图 3: 是本发明密封型自毁式- -次性注射器的针筒结构示意图
图 4: 是本发明密封型自毁式- -次性注射器的针头座结构示意图;
图 5: 是本发明密封型自毁式- -次性注射器的自毁工作原理图一;
图 6: 是本发明密封型自毁式- -次性注射器的自毁工作原理图二 : 图 1中: I、 针杆 2、 针筒 . 3、 针头座. .
4、 针头 5、 针头 '
图 2中: II、 推杆 12、 针杆头 12a、 针杆头上结构部分
12b、 针杆头下结构部分、 123、.加强垂直肋板
121、 针杆头密封 122、 针头座拉出孔
120a、 大直径部分 120b、 小直径部分
125、 开口 122a, 外圆柱孔
122b、 内圆柱孔 122c, 台阶部分
图 3中: 2、 针筒 3、 针头座 4、 针头 图 4中： 3、 针头座 31、 针头座倒爪
图 5中： 1、 针杆 2、 针筒 ， 3、 针头座 4、 针头
图 6中： 1、 针杆 2、 针筒 3、 针头座
4、 针头 21、 针头座端孔 具体实施方式
下面通过实施例， 并结合附图， 对本发明的技术方案作进一步具体的说明。 在说 明书中， 相同或相似的附图标号指示相同或相似的部件。 下述参照附图对本发明实施 方式的说明旨在对本发明的总体发明构思进行解释， 而不应当理解为对本发明的一种 限制。
下面结合附图 1-6对根据本发明的具体实施方式的密封型自毁式一次性注射器进 行说明。
密封型自毁式一次性注射器， 是由： '针杆 1、 针筒 2、 针头座 3、 针头 4、 针头套 5所组成。 针筒 2、 针头座 3、 针头 4、 针头套 5的结构与作用， 与现在广泛使用的一 次性注射器类似。 针杆 1安装于针筒 2中， 针头座 3安装于针筒 2上， 针头 4安装于 针头座 3中， 针头套 5套于针头 4上。
针头座 3相对于针筒 2具有使用位置和自毁位置， 在使用位置， 如图 1所示， 针 头座 3密封地安装于针筒 2端部的针头座端孔 21中； 在自毁位置， 如图 6所示， 针 头座 3从针筒 2的针头座端孔 21拉出。
针杆 1的主要作用就是： ^针杆 1拉出时将药液吸入针筒中， 在针杆 1推压时将药 液推入人体中或推出。 针杆 1由推杆 11和针杆头 12所构成。 推杆 11的结构与现在 广泛使用的一次性注射器中的推杆结构类似。
以下通过例子对针杆头 12的结构进行详细说明。 在图示的例子中， 针杆头 12'由 上下二部分结构组成， 针杆头 12的上结构部分 12a中设置有针杆头密封 121和针头 座拉出孔 122。 针杆头 12的上结构部分 12a为圆柱状柱塞式结构， 包括直径较大的 第一部分 120a和直径较小的第二部分 120b， 针杆头密封 121设置在第一部分 120a 的周围， 用于在针杆头 12与针筒 11的壁之间形成密封。 在第二部分 120b'的四周设 置有加强垂直肋板 123。 针杆头 12的下结构部分 12b与上结构部分 12a相互固定。 针杆头 12的下结构部分 12b与推杆 11相联接。 下结构部分 12b可以是便于传递推 杆 11施加的推动力的任何适当的结构。 在图示的实施例中， 下结构部分设置为水平 结构加强圆板 124。 针杆头例如可以由无毒医用塑料制成。
根据图示的实施例， 针杆头密封 121是围绕针杆头 12的外周设置的弯曲状弹性 结构体， 其形成围绕针杆头 12的外周的连续环状结构。 针杆头密封 121例如由无毒 医用塑料制成。 所述弯曲状弹性结构体的一端与所述圆柱状柱塞结构的外周相连， 另 一端与圆柱状柱塞结构的外周分开， 形成开口 125。 开口 125以与药液相接触的那端 开口为佳。 形成开口 125的结构有利于增加弯曲状弹性结构体的弹性变形能力， 便于 针杆头和针筒之间的装配， 并增强密封性能。 然而， 所述弯曲状弹性结构体的两端均 可以与圆柱状柱塞结构的外周相连， 只要其具有足够的弹性变形能力。
针杆头密封 121与针杆头 12之间可以为整体式联接结构， 也 ¾ [以是分体式装配 结构。
针头座拉出孔 122位于针杆头 12的大体中心， 与针头座 3大体对准， 由直径较 小的外圆柱孔 122a和直径较大的内圆柱孔 122b组成， 针头座拉出孔 122的外圆柱孔 122a和内圆柱孔 122b之间形成台阶部分 122c， 针头座 3具有针头座倒爪 31。针头座 倒爪 31可以弹性收缩，以从直径较小的外圆柱孔 122a进入直径较大的内圆柱孔 122b， 之后， 针头座倒爪 31弹性扩张以扣 :所述台阶部分 122c， 从而阻止针头座 3退出针 头座拉出孔 122。
针杆头 12与推杆 11为整体式结构， 也可以是分体式装配结构。
针杆头 12与推杆 11为同种材料制造， 针杆头 12与推杆 11也可以采用不同种材 料制造。 作为针杆头 12与推杆 11的材料的例子， 可以采用无毒医用塑料。
以下说明密封型自毁式一次性注射器的装配和操作过程。
装配时， 将针头 4紧紧安装于针头座 3上， 将带有针头 4的针头座 3安装于针筒 2端部的小孔 21上， 并要做到针筒 2和针头座 3之间密封固定， 将针头套 5套于针头 4上， 针头套 5卡于针筒 2上， 然后将针杆 1装入针筒 2的筒体中。 如果针杆 1上的 针杆头 12与推杆 11为分体式装配结构的话， 则应首先将针杆头 12安装固定于推杆 11上， 然后再将针杆 1装入针筒 2的筒体中， 这样就装配成了一支完整的密封型自毁 式一次性注射器， 然后对注射器进行杀菌消毒包装。
要注意的是,.新装配成的一次性注射器， 针杆' 1上的针杆头 12必须离开针筒 2 的筒体底部一定距离， 如图 1所示， 即针杆 1上的针杆头 12必须离开针筒 2上的针 头座 3—定距离， 针筒 2的筒体底部必须保留一段空间， 针杆 1上的针杆头 12不可 推到底， 否则在注射器要使用时， 当针杆 1拉出来要吸入药液时， 就会将针头座 3和 针头 4拉出， 直接自毁而无法使用， 造成浪费。
在使用时， 针杆头 12可相对于针筒 2,滑动， 从而在将针杆 1拉出针筒 2时将药 液吸入针筒中， 在将针杆 1推入针筒 2中时将药液推入人体中或推出注射器。 并且， 在使用时， 只有当密封型自毁式一次性注射器在打针时将药液全部推出时， 才可以将 针杆 1推到底， 如图 5所示。
在注射过程中， 随着针杆 1的推压， 针杆头 12首先接触针头座 3的针头座倒爪 31； 接着， 随着针杆 1 的连续推压， 针头座倒爪 31弹性收缩， 进入直径较小的外圆 柱孔 122a; 接着， 针头座倒爪 31进入直径较大的内圆柱孔 122b， 之后， 针头座倒爪 31弹性扩张以扣住二个圆柱孔之间的台阶部分 122c， 从而阻止针头座 3退出针头座 拉出孔 122。
因此， 注射完毕后， 回拉一下针杆 1， 针杆 1上的针杆头 12即能通过针头座倒爪
31将针头座 3和针头 4拉出针筒 2的针头座端孔 21， 从而自毁而无法使用， 如图 6 所示， 因此实现了一次使用后就自毁而无法使用的目的， 防止一次性注射器被吸毒人 员和其他人员非法利用。 '
虽然本总体发明构思的一些实施例已被显示和说明， 本领域普通技术人员将理 解， 在不背离本总体发明构思的原则和精神的情况下， 可对这些实施例做出改变， 本 发明的范围由权利要求和它们的等同物限定。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种密封型自毁式一次性注射器， 包括： 针杆 （1 )、 针筒 （2)、 针头座 （3 )、 针头 （4) 和针头套 （5 )， 针杆 （1 ) 在针筒的一端安装于针筒 （2) 中并相对于所述 针筒（2)可滑动， 针头座（3 )安装于针筒（2)上与针杆（1 )相反的一端， 针头（4) 安装于针头座 （3 ) 中， 针头套 （5 ) 套于针头 （4) 上， 其特征在于- 针杆 （1 ) 由推杆 （11 ) 和针杆头 （12) 所构成， 针杆头 （12) 上设置有针杆头 密封 （121 ) 和针头座拉出孔 （122)， 其中针杆头密封 （121 ) 用于在针杆头 （12) 和 针筒 （2) 的壁之间形成密封， 所述针头座拉出孔 （122) 适于与所述针头座 （3 ) 配 合， 以在注射器使用完毕后将针头座 （3 )连同针头 （4) 从针筒 （2) 端部拉出。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的密封型自毁式一次性注射器， 其特征在于：
在初始装配状态下， 所述针杆头 （12) 与安装于针筒 （2) 端部上的所述针头座 (3 ) 之间隔开预定的间距。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的密封型自毁式一次性注射器， 其特征在于：
所述针头座 （3 ) 相对于所述针筒 （2) 具有使用位置和自毁位置， 其中在使用位 置， 所述针头座 （3 ) 密封地安装宁针筒 (2) 端部的孔中； 在自毁位置， 所述针头座 从针筒 （2) 端部的孔中拉出。
4、根据权利要求 1-3中任何一项所述的密封型自毁式一次性注射器，其特征在于： 所述针杆头 （12) 由上下二部分结构 （12a、 12b) 组成，
针杆头 （12) 的上结构部分 （12a) 中设置有所述针杆头密封 （121 ) 和所述针头 拉出孔 （122); 以及 .. ■ '
所述针杆头 （12) 的下结构部分 （12b) 与推杆 （11 ) 相联接。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的密封型 '自毁式一次性注射器， 其特征在于- 针杆头（12)的上结构部分（12a)为圆柱状柱塞式结构，所述针头座拉出孔（122) 设置在上结构部分 （12a) 中的大体中心。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的密封型自毁式一次性注射器， 其特征在于：
所述针杆头（12) 的所述上结构部 ( 12a)包括直径较大的第一部分（120a)和 直径较小的第二部分 （120b)， 针杆头密封 （121 ) 设置在第一部分 （120a) 的周围， 在第二部分 （120b) 的外周设置有加强垂直肋板 (123)。
7、 根据权利要求 4所述的密封型自毁式一次性注射器， 其特征在于： 针杆头 （12) 的下结构部分 （12b) 设置为水平加强圆板 （124) , .针杆头 （12) . 通过该水平加强圆板 （124) 与推杆 （11 ) 相连。
8. 根据权利要求 1所述的密封型自毁式一次性注射器， 其特征在于：
针杆头密封 （121 ) 与针杆头 （1?,) 之间形成整体式结构。
9. 根据权利要求 1所述的密封型自毁式一次性注射器， 其特征在于- 针杆头密封 （121 ) 与针杆头 （12) 之间形成分体式装配结构。
10. 根据权利要求 1所述的密封型自毁式一次性注射器， 其特征在于：
所述针杆头密封（121 )是围绕针杆头 (12)的外周设置的弯曲状弹性结构体， 所述 弯曲状弹性结构体围绕针杆头 (12)的外周形成连续的环状结构。
11. 根据权利要求 10所述的密封型自毁式一次性注射器， 其特征在于： 所述弯曲状弹性结构体的一端与所述圆柱状柱塞结构的外周相连， 另一端与圆柱 状柱塞结构的外周分开。
12. 根据权利要求 10所述的密封型自毁式一次性注射器， 其特征在于： 所述弯曲状弹性结构体的两端均与圆柱状柱塞结构的外周相连。
13、 根据权利要求 1所述的密封型自毁式一次性注射器， 其特征在于： 针头座拉出孔 （122) 位于针杆^ ( 12) '的大体中心并与针头座 (3)大体对准， 针 头座拉出孔（122)由直径较大的内 i柱孔（122b)和直径较小的外圆柱孔组成（122a)， 内圆柱孔和外圆柱孔之间形成台阶部分 （122c)， 针头座 （3 ) 具有针头座倒爪 （31 )， 针头座倒爪（31 )可以弹性收缩， 以从直径较小的外圆柱孔进入直径较大的内圆柱孔， 之后， 针头座倒爪..(31 ) 弹性扩张以扣住所述台阶部分， 阻止针头座退出针头座拉出 孔 （122)。 - ' -
14、 根据权利要求 1所述的密封型自毁式一次性注射器， 其特征在于： 针杆头 （12〉 与推杆 （11 ) 为整体式结构。
15、 根据权利要求 1所述的密封型自毁式一次性注射器， 其特征在于： 针杆头 （12) 与推杆 （11 ) 为分体式装配结构。
16、 根据权利要求 1所述的密封型自毁式一次性注射器， 其特征在于： 针杆头 （12) 与推杆 （11 ) 为同 材料制造。
17、 根据权利要求 1所述的密封型自'毁式一次性注射器， 其特征在于： 针杆头 （12) 与推杆 （11 ) 采用不同种材料制造。
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TWI698264B (zh) * 2019-01-25 2020-07-11 蘇宣維 自毀拉縮安全針具

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