WO2009153767A1 - A facade system - Google Patents

A facade system Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2009153767A1
WO2009153767A1 PCT/IE2009/000036 IE2009000036W WO2009153767A1 WO 2009153767 A1 WO2009153767 A1 WO 2009153767A1 IE 2009000036 W IE2009000036 W IE 2009000036W WO 2009153767 A1 WO2009153767 A1 WO 2009153767A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
facade
fixing
panel
support frame
frame
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IE2009/000036
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Ian Campbell
Original Assignee
Kingspan Research And Developments Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kingspan Research And Developments Limited filed Critical Kingspan Research And Developments Limited
Publication of WO2009153767A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009153767A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/88—Curtain walls
    • E04B2/90—Curtain walls comprising panels directly attached to the structure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0832—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/0833—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements not adjustable
    • E04F13/0835—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements not adjustable the fastening elements extending into the back side of the covering elements
    • E04F13/0837—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements not adjustable the fastening elements extending into the back side of the covering elements extending completely through the covering elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/88—Curtain walls
    • E04B2/90—Curtain walls comprising panels directly attached to the structure
    • E04B2/92—Sandwich-type panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0832—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/0853—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements adjustable perpendicular to the wall

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a facade panel of fibre-reinforced cemetitions material.
  • the fibre is a glass fibre and the panels are referred to as GRC panels. More particularly, the invention relates to fixings for use in fixing such a facade panel to a support frame.
  • GRC panels are generally formed by casting GRC in a mould.
  • a fixing or anchor is generally bonded to the GRC by applying a blob of GRC to the rear face of the panel.
  • the invention is directed towards providing a facade system which will address at least some of these issues.
  • a facade system comprising a facade panel of fibre reinforced cementitious material, a support frame and a plurality of fixings for fixing the facade panel to the support frame, the fixing comprising a facade part for the facade panel and extending therefrom, a frame part for fixing to the support frame, and an intermediate connection part between the facade and frame parts.
  • the facade panel comprises a plurality of undercut holes, each for reception of an anchor therein, the facade part fixing being mounted to the anchor.
  • the intermediate connection part facilitates differential movement between the facade panel and the support frame.
  • connection part comprises a bracket.
  • the bracket may have a first arm having a fixing hole for mounting the facade fixing part and a second arm having a fixing hole for mounting the frame fixing part.
  • One of the fixing holes may be larger than the associated fixing part.
  • the system comprises a compressible washer which is interposed between the enlarged fixing hole and a fixing extending therethrough.
  • the washer has a hole which is approximately the same size as the fixing hole.
  • the washer may have a lead in section for locating in the fixing hole.
  • the washer surface may be at least partially curved for movement relative to the element in which the fixing hole is provided.
  • first and second fixing arms are offset.
  • the arms may be oppositely directed.
  • the bracket is of generally Z shape.
  • the facade panel comprises a main body of fibre-reinforced cementitious material and at least one mesh embedded within the fibre-reinforced cementitious material. There may be two meshes embedded within the fibre - reinforced cementitious material. The meshes may be spaced - apart through the thickness of the panel.
  • the invention also provides a fixing for a facade panel of the invention.
  • Fig. 1 is an isometric view of a fixing according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a detail of the fixing of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is an exploded isometric view of part of the fixing
  • Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view of part of the fixing
  • Fig. 5 is an elevational, partially cross sectional view of the fixing mounted to a panel
  • Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5 of a modified fixing mounted to another panel which is thicker than the panel of Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 7 is an elevational view of a facade system of the invention incorporating panels and fixings;
  • Fig. 8 is a cross sectional view on the line A-A in Fig. 7;
  • Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of a right hand corner detail of Fig. 8; - A - Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of detail X of Fig. 8;
  • Fig. 11 is a cross sectional view on the line B-B in Fig. 7;
  • Fig. 12 is an enlarged view of detail Y of Fig. 11 ;
  • Fig. 13 is an isometric, partially cross sectional view of another fibre reinforced cementitions panel of the invention.
  • a manufactured facade system comprising a facade panel 1 of fibre reinforced cemetitious material (in this case GRC) a support frame 2, and a plurality of fixings 5 for fixing the facade panel 1 to the support frame 2.
  • the facade system is manufactured entirely off-site so that it is readily erected when the assembly is delivered to a building site.
  • the fixings 5 comprise a facade anchor part 10 for fixing to the facade panel 1 and extending therefrom, a frame part 1 1 for fixing to the support frame 2, and an intermediate connection part 12 between the facade anchor 10 and the frame part 11.
  • the intermediate connection part 12 facilitates differential movement as a result of differential thermal expansion and contraction between the facade panel 1 and the support frame 2.
  • the connection part 1 1 comprises a bracket 20 which in this case is of generally Z shape and comprises a first arm 21 having a fixing hole 22 for mounting the facade panel anchor part 10 and a second arm 23 having a fixing hole 24 for mounting the frame fixing part 11.
  • the frame connection part 11 has a flattened end 50 with a hole 51 for fixing to a support frame 2 using a fixing 52.
  • the fixing hole 24 of the second arm 23 of the bracket 20 is oversize with respect to a threaded end 31 of the frame connection part 1 1. This facilitates relative movement between the facade panel 1 and the support frame 2.
  • Washers 30 of plasties material are interposed between the threaded end 31 of the frame connection part 11 and the bracket arm 23.
  • the plastic washers 30 are mounted on the threaded end 31 of the frame part 1 1 by washers 32 and nuts 33.
  • the nuts 33 may be lock nuts for secure fixing.
  • the restraint bar element 11 is isolated from the Z bracket 20 by means of the plastic washers 30. This provides a region in the device where any movement can be accommodated.
  • the washers 30 are partially compressible to accommodate varying loads.
  • each of the washers 30 that contacts the bracket arm 23 are curved so that movement can be accommodated. This avoids the problem of prior art systems in which the facade panel is fixed to the support frame. In such prior art systems differential expansion due to temperature variations may result in undesirable deformation and consequent reduction in load bearing efficiency. Cold bridging through to the inner support frame 2 is also reduced.
  • the diameter of the bracket arm hole 24 is about 8 mm.
  • the diameter of the hole in the washers 30 is also about 8 mm.
  • the threaded end 31 of the frame fixing part 11 is typically 6 mm. It will be noted that the washers 30 have lead-in projections 37 to aid location in the bracket arm hole 24.
  • the arrangement also provides a seating for an insulation board 35 ensuring that cavity width is maintained.
  • the face of the insulation 35 is engaged against the flat face of the plastic washer 30 which acts as a datum for the insulation 35. This ensures that the depth of the insulation cavity 36 between the insulation 35 and the inner face of the facade panel 1 is uniform to provide optimum insulation efficiency.
  • a GRC panel is moulded in a conventional manner but without anchors being attached by means of blobs of GRC.
  • the panel is moulded and allowed to cure.
  • Undercut holes 40 are made in the rear of the GRC panel 1 and the anchors 10 can be efficiently inserted using a gun which is quick and efficient.
  • the undercuts 40 can be drilled by an automated CNC machine which makes it easy to quality control the attachments and inspect the anchors 10 after they are inserted.
  • the bracket arm 21 is mounted to a threaded bar part 41 of the facade anchor 40.
  • the bar 41 has a washer 42 and a nut, usually a lock nut 43.
  • the undercut hole 40 may have an enlarged lead-in entrance 45 to accommodate manufacturing tolerances in the thickness of the panel.
  • a facade panel 60 comprising a main body 61 of fibre-reinforced cementitious material, a facing 62 of cementitious material and at least two fibre meshes 63, 64 embedded within the panel.
  • the panel 64 are transversely spaced-apart across the thickness of the panel.
  • the panel may be used in association with the anchor system described.
  • the inclusion of the meshes 63, 64 strengthens the panel and reduces the fibre content of the GRC used.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Abstract

A facade system comprises a facade panel (1) of fibre reinforced cementitious material a support frame (2), and a plurality of fixings (5) for fixing the facade panel (1) to the support frame (2). The fixings (5) comprise a facade anchor part (10) for fixing to the facade panel (1) and extending therefrom, a frame part for fixing to the support frame (2), and an intermediate connection part between the facade part (10) and the frame part. The intermediate connection part facilitates differential movement as a result of differential thermal expansion and contraction between the facade panel (1) and the support frame (2). The connection part comprises a bracket (20) which is of generally Z shape and comprises a first arm (21) having a fixing hole for mounting the facade panel fixing part (10) and a second arm (23) having a fixing hole for mounting the frame fixing part.

Description

"A facade system"
Introduction
The invention relates to a facade panel of fibre-reinforced cemetitions material.
In some cases the fibre is a glass fibre and the panels are referred to as GRC panels. More particularly, the invention relates to fixings for use in fixing such a facade panel to a support frame.
GRC panels are generally formed by casting GRC in a mould. A fixing or anchor is generally bonded to the GRC by applying a blob of GRC to the rear face of the panel.
This is done as part of a wet process to ensure that the bond between the panel and the anchor is homogenous. While this is very effective in terms of strength and bonding, it is a labour intensive, time consuming and dirty process.
There is also a significant amount of extra GRC material required to bond the anchors. This means extra cost and extra weight to be taken into account when designing panels. Another down side to the system is that it requires the frame to be removed after manufacture to fit an insulation board.
The invention is directed towards providing a facade system which will address at least some of these issues.
Statements of Invention
According to the invention there is provided a facade system comprising a facade panel of fibre reinforced cementitious material, a support frame and a plurality of fixings for fixing the facade panel to the support frame, the fixing comprising a facade part for the facade panel and extending therefrom, a frame part for fixing to the support frame, and an intermediate connection part between the facade and frame parts.
In one embodiment the facade panel comprises a plurality of undercut holes, each for reception of an anchor therein, the facade part fixing being mounted to the anchor.
In one embodiment the intermediate connection part facilitates differential movement between the facade panel and the support frame.
In one case the connection part comprises a bracket. The bracket may have a first arm having a fixing hole for mounting the facade fixing part and a second arm having a fixing hole for mounting the frame fixing part. One of the fixing holes may be larger than the associated fixing part.
In one embodiment the system comprises a compressible washer which is interposed between the enlarged fixing hole and a fixing extending therethrough. In one case the washer has a hole which is approximately the same size as the fixing hole. The washer may have a lead in section for locating in the fixing hole. The washer surface may be at least partially curved for movement relative to the element in which the fixing hole is provided. In one embodiment there are two washers, one on either side of the fixing hole. In one case at least one of the washers provides a datum for insulation.
In one embodiment the first and second fixing arms are offset. The arms may be oppositely directed.
In one embodiment the bracket is of generally Z shape.
In one embodiment the facade panel comprises a main body of fibre-reinforced cementitious material and at least one mesh embedded within the fibre-reinforced cementitious material. There may be two meshes embedded within the fibre - reinforced cementitious material. The meshes may be spaced - apart through the thickness of the panel.
The invention also provides a fixing for a facade panel of the invention.
Brief Description of the Drawings
The invention will be more clearly understood from the following description of an embodiment thereof, given by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: -
Fig. 1 is an isometric view of a fixing according to the invention;
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a detail of the fixing of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is an exploded isometric view of part of the fixing;
Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view of part of the fixing;
Fig. 5 is an elevational, partially cross sectional view of the fixing mounted to a panel;
Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5 of a modified fixing mounted to another panel which is thicker than the panel of Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is an elevational view of a facade system of the invention incorporating panels and fixings;
Fig. 8 is a cross sectional view on the line A-A in Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of a right hand corner detail of Fig. 8; - A - Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of detail X of Fig. 8;
Fig. 11 is a cross sectional view on the line B-B in Fig. 7;
Fig. 12 is an enlarged view of detail Y of Fig. 11 ; and
Fig. 13 is an isometric, partially cross sectional view of another fibre reinforced cementitions panel of the invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to the drawings there is illustrated a manufactured facade system comprising a facade panel 1 of fibre reinforced cemetitious material (in this case GRC) a support frame 2, and a plurality of fixings 5 for fixing the facade panel 1 to the support frame 2. The facade system is manufactured entirely off-site so that it is readily erected when the assembly is delivered to a building site.
The fixings 5 according to the invention comprise a facade anchor part 10 for fixing to the facade panel 1 and extending therefrom, a frame part 1 1 for fixing to the support frame 2, and an intermediate connection part 12 between the facade anchor 10 and the frame part 11. The intermediate connection part 12 facilitates differential movement as a result of differential thermal expansion and contraction between the facade panel 1 and the support frame 2. The connection part 1 1 comprises a bracket 20 which in this case is of generally Z shape and comprises a first arm 21 having a fixing hole 22 for mounting the facade panel anchor part 10 and a second arm 23 having a fixing hole 24 for mounting the frame fixing part 11. The frame connection part 11 has a flattened end 50 with a hole 51 for fixing to a support frame 2 using a fixing 52.
It will be noted that the fixing hole 24 of the second arm 23 of the bracket 20 is oversize with respect to a threaded end 31 of the frame connection part 1 1. This facilitates relative movement between the facade panel 1 and the support frame 2. Washers 30 of plasties material are interposed between the threaded end 31 of the frame connection part 11 and the bracket arm 23. The plastic washers 30 are mounted on the threaded end 31 of the frame part 1 1 by washers 32 and nuts 33. The nuts 33 may be lock nuts for secure fixing. The restraint bar element 11 is isolated from the Z bracket 20 by means of the plastic washers 30. This provides a region in the device where any movement can be accommodated. The washers 30 are partially compressible to accommodate varying loads. In addition, it will be noted that the face of each of the washers 30 that contacts the bracket arm 23 are curved so that movement can be accommodated. This avoids the problem of prior art systems in which the facade panel is fixed to the support frame. In such prior art systems differential expansion due to temperature variations may result in undesirable deformation and consequent reduction in load bearing efficiency. Cold bridging through to the inner support frame 2 is also reduced. In one example, the diameter of the bracket arm hole 24 is about 8 mm. The diameter of the hole in the washers 30 is also about 8 mm. The threaded end 31 of the frame fixing part 11 is typically 6 mm. It will be noted that the washers 30 have lead-in projections 37 to aid location in the bracket arm hole 24.
The arrangement also provides a seating for an insulation board 35 ensuring that cavity width is maintained. The face of the insulation 35 is engaged against the flat face of the plastic washer 30 which acts as a datum for the insulation 35. This ensures that the depth of the insulation cavity 36 between the insulation 35 and the inner face of the facade panel 1 is uniform to provide optimum insulation efficiency.
In the invention, a GRC panel is moulded in a conventional manner but without anchors being attached by means of blobs of GRC. The panel is moulded and allowed to cure. Undercut holes 40 are made in the rear of the GRC panel 1 and the anchors 10 can be efficiently inserted using a gun which is quick and efficient. The undercuts 40 can be drilled by an automated CNC machine which makes it easy to quality control the attachments and inspect the anchors 10 after they are inserted. The bracket arm 21 is mounted to a threaded bar part 41 of the facade anchor 40. The bar 41 has a washer 42 and a nut, usually a lock nut 43. The undercut hole 40 may have an enlarged lead-in entrance 45 to accommodate manufacturing tolerances in the thickness of the panel.
Referring to Fig. 12 there is illustrated a facade panel 60 comprising a main body 61 of fibre-reinforced cementitious material, a facing 62 of cementitious material and at least two fibre meshes 63, 64 embedded within the panel. The meshes 63,
64 are transversely spaced-apart across the thickness of the panel. The panel may be used in association with the anchor system described. The inclusion of the meshes 63, 64 strengthens the panel and reduces the fibre content of the GRC used.
The invention is not limited to the embodiments hereinbefore described, which may be varied in construction and detail.

Claims

Claims
1. A facade system comprising a facade panel of fibre reinforced cementitious material, a support frame and a plurality of fixings for fixing the facade panel to the support frame, the fixing comprising a facade part for the facade panel and extending therefrom, a frame part for fixing to the support frame, and an intermediate connection part between the facade and frame parts.
2. A facade system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the facade panel comprises a plurality of undercut holes each for reception of an anchor therein, the facade part fixing being mounted to the anchor.
3. A system as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein the intermediate connection part facilitates differential movement between the facade panel and the support frame.
4. A system as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3 wherein the connection part comprises a bracket.
5. A system as claimed in claim 4 wherein the bracket has a first arm having a fixing hole for mounting the facade fixing part and a second arm having a fixing hole for mounting the frame fixing part.
6. A system as claimed in claim 5 wherein one of the fixing holes is larger than the associated fixing part.
7. A facade system as claimed in claim 6 comprising a compressible washer which is interposed between the enlarged fixing hole and a fixing extending therethrough.
8. A facade system as claimed in claim 7 wherein the washer has a hole which is approximately the same size as the fixing hole.
9. A facade system as claimed in claim 8 wherein the washer has a lead in section for locating in the fixing hole.
10. A facade system as claimed in any of claims 7 to 9 wherein the washer surface is at least partially curved for movement relative to the element in which the fixing hole is provided.
11. A facade system as claimed in any of claims 7 to 10 wherein there are two washers, one on either side of the fixing hole.
12. A facade system as claimed in claim 11 wherein at least one of the washers provides a datum for insulation.
13. A system as claimed in any of claims 5 to 12 wherein the first and second fixing arms are offset.
14. A system as claimed in claim 13 wherein the arms are oppositely directed.
15. A system as claimed in any of claims 5 to 14 wherein the bracket is of generally Z shape.
16. A system as claimed in any of claims 1 to 15 wherein the panel comprises a glass fibre reinforced cementitious material.
17. A system as claimed in any of claims 1 to 16 wherein the facade panel comprises a main body of fibre-reinfoced cementitious material and at least one mesh embedded within the fibre-reinforced cementitious material.
18. A system as claimed in claim 17 wherein there are two meshes embedded within the fibre - reinforced cementitious material.
19. A system as claimed in claim 18 wherein the meshes are spaced-apart through the thickness of the panel.
20. A facade system substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
21. A fixing for a facade panel as claimed in any of claims 1 to 20.
PCT/IE2009/000036 2008-06-20 2009-06-19 A facade system WO2009153767A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IE2008/0515 2008-06-20
IE20080515 2008-06-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009153767A1 true WO2009153767A1 (en) 2009-12-23

Family

ID=40972454

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IE2009/000036 WO2009153767A1 (en) 2008-06-20 2009-06-19 A facade system

Country Status (3)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2460961B (en)
IE (1) IE20090481A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2009153767A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108277913A (en) * 2017-12-05 2018-07-13 北京华天幕墙工程有限公司 The oblique metal Roof combined curtain wall systems of the GRC that cracks
CN111608323A (en) * 2020-06-10 2020-09-01 南京三惠建设工程股份有限公司 Assembly type new material composite wallboard enclosure structure system and manufacturing process thereof

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EP0552505B1 (en) * 1992-01-21 1994-12-07 Machinefabriek en Handelmaatschappij Winel B.V. Panel for closing an opening and clip system for use as a part thereof
GB2497796A (en) * 2011-12-21 2013-06-26 Hardie James Technology Ltd Thermally Efficient Façade
CN103934771A (en) * 2014-05-06 2014-07-23 苏州市诚品精密机械有限公司 Bent fixing board
CN105544824A (en) * 2016-02-15 2016-05-04 上海江蓝实业有限公司 Upper-wing rotating type combined hanger

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US4229497A (en) * 1977-11-03 1980-10-21 Maso-Therm Corporation Composite module with reinforced shell
US20010000274A1 (en) * 1999-04-06 2001-04-19 Hubert Elmer Building glass facade of a building, clamping arrangement in a facade, and a clamping arrangement for clamping a building glass pane in a facade
EP1533431A1 (en) * 2003-11-24 2005-05-25 Ugo Balzari Coating system for continuous ventilated and air conditioned fronts
US20060179745A1 (en) * 2005-02-07 2006-08-17 Lysyuk Dmytro R Method of building a building

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US6460301B1 (en) * 2000-07-21 2002-10-08 Mckee James E. Insulated glass fiber reinforced concrete/steel wall section and method for producing the wall section

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4229497A (en) * 1977-11-03 1980-10-21 Maso-Therm Corporation Composite module with reinforced shell
US20010000274A1 (en) * 1999-04-06 2001-04-19 Hubert Elmer Building glass facade of a building, clamping arrangement in a facade, and a clamping arrangement for clamping a building glass pane in a facade
EP1533431A1 (en) * 2003-11-24 2005-05-25 Ugo Balzari Coating system for continuous ventilated and air conditioned fronts
US20060179745A1 (en) * 2005-02-07 2006-08-17 Lysyuk Dmytro R Method of building a building

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108277913A (en) * 2017-12-05 2018-07-13 北京华天幕墙工程有限公司 The oblique metal Roof combined curtain wall systems of the GRC that cracks
CN111608323A (en) * 2020-06-10 2020-09-01 南京三惠建设工程股份有限公司 Assembly type new material composite wallboard enclosure structure system and manufacturing process thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2460961B (en) 2012-08-15
GB2460961A (en) 2009-12-23
GB0910616D0 (en) 2009-08-05
IE20090481A1 (en) 2009-12-23

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