WO2009141714A2 - Structure ossaturée composite bois-verre et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Structure ossaturée composite bois-verre et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009141714A2
WO2009141714A2 PCT/IB2009/005666 IB2009005666W WO2009141714A2 WO 2009141714 A2 WO2009141714 A2 WO 2009141714A2 IB 2009005666 W IB2009005666 W IB 2009005666W WO 2009141714 A2 WO2009141714 A2 WO 2009141714A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
glass
wood
linear element
element according
mixed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2009/005666
Other languages
English (en)
Portuguese (pt)
Other versions
WO2009141714A3 (fr
Inventor
José Manuel BOTAS PEQUENO
Paulo Jorge De Sousa Cruz
José Alberto LEAL PACHECO
Original Assignee
Universidade Do Minho
Domingos Da Silva Teixeira, S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universidade Do Minho, Domingos Da Silva Teixeira, S.A. filed Critical Universidade Do Minho
Publication of WO2009141714A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009141714A2/fr
Publication of WO2009141714A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009141714A3/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/30—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts being composed of two or more materials; Composite steel and concrete constructions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/28—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups combinations of materials fully covered by groups E04C2/04 and E04C2/08

Definitions

  • Wood has always been a material used in construction. In recent years, however, there has been a huge contribution from the industrialized systems of the wood sector, to increase the potential that this material presents today, which highlights the association of its mechanical capacity with sustainability characteristics.
  • CONFIRMATION COPY Der Rohe tried it more than once - materializing an outer skin through glass surfaces. But the technique was not yet of sufficient consistency or development to accompany architectural intentions.
  • linear elements such as beams or pillars, which is important to detail here. And in these, tested alone but also in conjunction with other materials, in line with which the present system arises.
  • the present invention fits in with a logic that allows greater freedom in the design conception - especially in terms of the compartmentalization of the interior spaces of the built object -, when compared to the mixed structural panel, which derives precisely from the original difference in design. systems (skeleton structure vs structural skins).
  • the solution found for the panel does not apply to the beam, pillar or gantry function for a number of issues, such as:
  • glue line width was a problem to solve as the glue line type width in the panels was clearly insufficient for the bond strength that was required between the glazing and the two linear pieces that make up the mixed linear elements (it was concluded that a 300% increase in said width was necessary);
  • the Walch Window 04 uses the glued connection as the central element of the union between the wood and the outer glass that protects it, somewhat similar to what happens with Amino's project, already mentioned here. However, neither the glass nor the window itself has any structural function.
  • the challenge is that the adhesive combines rigidity and ductility, given the
  • the mixed linear element that makes up the present invention forms the basis of a new construction system, which in this is called a wood-glass mixed ported structural system.
  • the component materials, by the way they are combined, are simultaneously functional, aesthetic and structural. They also assume the particularity of composing linear elements which, with the same cross section, function either horizontally or vertically, as a beam or as a pillar, respectively.
  • This system is based on a mixed linear element comprising two axial and longitudinal pieces of wood - vertically aligned and symmetrically located at the top and bottom of the mixed cross section - and two single, parallel laminated structural glasses, one on either side of said parts.
  • the process of structural bonding between the elements is effected by a one-component, ultraviolet-resistant structural adhesive, applicable at room temperature, with a glue line thickness of approximately 2 mm, which acquires a semi-rigid behavior after cure, leaving aside the most rigid ones such as acrylics and epoxies.
  • a specific brand silicone is chosen which meets the desired parameters in the various aspects to which the adhesive will be subjected, in particular as regards weather, UV radiation, humidity and temperature.
  • This bonded solution will allow uniform stress distribution across the glass surfaces. These, in turn, have a function of permanent protection over the wooden pieces, due to their overlap with them. There is a possibility of exterior glazing being double, and the outer cloth tempered, increasing the levels of efficiency and environmental comfort. The windows are always slightly set back from the edge of the wood so that its edges are properly protected. In addition, a metal profile simultaneously protects the glue line and exposed faces of the wood, also contributing to the intended image.
  • the mentioned mixed linear element has the particularity of working in the vertical and horizontal positions and can therefore function as a pillar or as a beam, ie bending or compressing respectively. This is also due to the geometrical combination of the cross section of the parts which, regardless of their function, is always the same between parts. This uniformity enables and facilitates the assembly system of parts that together give rise to frames that materialize the structural bone of the constructed object.
  • linear wood-glass mixed cross-section elements This is a prefabricated system that materializes through linear wood-glass mixed cross-section elements.
  • the linear elements in question are composed of two axial and longitudinal pieces of wood, which dictate the dimension of said linear elements, either pillars or beams, respectively.
  • wood pieces are 100 mm high by 75 mm wide - and should in any case be framed in the 1: 1 to 1: 2 width ratio and height of its section - being aligned along the vertical axis of the composite section and 350 mm apart and symmetrically arranged with respect to the overall section at its top and bottom.
  • This offset corresponds to the framing within the established range of 50 to 75% of the total height of the mixed section.
  • glazing may be any material that is suitable for sizing, and by way of example.
  • Simple laminates have a thickness of 6 + 6 mm, and a height of 500 mm, always with edge treatment.
  • a double glazing can be used externally with a single laminated glass cloth (similar to the inside and with the characteristics above) on the inner face and a tempered glass cloth - 6 mm thick, for example - on the outer face.
  • This solution enables this exterior glass to function both as a structural element - via laminated glass - and as a functional element in wood-damaging thermal, acoustic and humidity control - through the double-glazed solution.
  • the use of tempered glass on the outside allows a substantial increase in its resistance to mechanical impact, ensuring safety with respect to the thermal amplitude recorded on the outside of the glass, a fact which is particularly relevant in large glass.
  • An important aspect is the possibility that the outer laminated glass is photovoltaic, thus combining the structural function with the active energy function.
  • glassware may incorporate characteristics of
  • the bonded bonding must invariably take place over the entire length of the glass, and over the vast majority of the exposed area of the side faces of the wooden pieces, namely 3: 4 of the height of the section of these.
  • This factor relates to the need for a vertical gap at the top of the mixed cross-section between the upper edge of the piece of wood and the glazed edges that are glued to and parallel to it. The same happens symmetrically in the lower section of the section where a vertical difference is guaranteed between the lower limit of the piece of wood and the edges of the glued glass.
  • This solution is concerned with effectively protecting the edges of the windows - one of the most sensitive areas of the windows - from any direct loading, thus retreating 1: 4 from the height of the section of the wood pieces glued together.
  • gluing there is a need to create a barrier along the entire length of the wooden pieces in order to prevent the adhesive from spreading beyond the interior boundaries of said pieces, preventing the quality of the final finish of the mixed linear part.
  • a width of 5 mm and a longitudinal sponge of each piece of wood must be bonded with a spongy acrylic bi-adhesive tape to prevent such glue from migrating at the time of pressing.
  • the fact that the tape is bi-adhesive allows it to be bonded simultaneously to wood and glass effectively. Being spongy ensures that air can be expelled and allows it to be crushed to final adjustment to the height of the glue line.
  • a metal cladding piece on the exposed outer face of the wood pieces to protect them and simultaneously from the top of the glue line.
  • This piece preferably made of stainless steel, also guarantees an aesthetic reading compatible with the screen printed black band and the glass.
  • This beam is suitable for a more technological image, regardless of the use of a classic material such as wood.
  • an intumescent and waterproofing insulation should be provided that fulfills the fire protection function of the adhesive, as is the case where the adhesive is directly exposed.
  • the geometric combination used in the cross section provides an empty space within, delimited by the glass slides. This feature enables a wide range of potentialities, such as the inclusion of artificial lighting for night effects - with considerable aesthetic impact -, the inclusion of technical infrastructure through ducts or the adoption of a bioclimatic system.
  • bioclimatic system referred to may be based on the simple inclusion of
  • mixed linear pieces can also function autonomously, only as a pillar or beam, and in conjunction with other systems, their primary purpose is their joint composition.
  • a crucial feature regarding the viability of this system is related to the connection between different linear elements, namely beams and columns. In order that this may be possible in a typified and facilitative manner of the manufacturing and assembly process, the system provides that one of the pieces of wood may vary the size of its length with respect to the mixed linear element assembly and the other piece of wood. This variation is always reflected in the tops of the pieces, being of superior dimensionality.
  • the beams will always rest directly on the pillars and it is the horizontal wooden pieces of the beams that rest on the same pieces of the pillars that, in the context of the latter are arranged vertically, working while plumbs. This detail allows efforts to always be applied directly to the wood surface, which once again stems from the resolution of the problem of glass fragility.
  • tops of the wooden pieces constituting the vertical pillars of the pillars include sheet metal [12] between 5 and 10 mm in thickness, duly protected from possible which, in the event of release of the adhesive on the tops of the beams, can withstand and distribute over a larger area the pressure concentrated and conveyed by the edge of the windows.
  • beam glass does not stress directly on the pillar glass because of the unevenness between the boundaries of the woodwork and the glass edges. This spacing ensures not only the integrity of the windows but also the possibility of air movement and circulation within the section. Extraordinarily, and depending on the needs of the air changes, the aforementioned gap in the lower beam may be increased, to the detriment of the rule that it should be equal to 1: 4 of the section height of the piece of wood. Or, slightly lower the glazing of the pillars, it is emphasized the wooden plumbs slightly more than in normal situation.
  • pillars and a beam - is the adoption of a closed portico - composed of two pillars and two beams, one floor and one roof. This is perfectly achievable through the above locking, and is especially suited to situations where you want to take advantage of a different architectural reading - further away from soil, for example - and very suitable for situations involving the integration of passive environmental systems, as it ensures complete upward circulation of air, benefiting from openings also at the base of the pillars and similar to what was already happening at the tops of the same.
  • the inner glass - already properly cleaned on the face that will be located on the inner side of the element section - is positioned by means of a suction cup system, placing it on the wood pieces in their final position relative to them.
  • a press will exert the proper force to the joining between the elements, so that the thickness of the glue line obtained is between 2 and 3 mm.
  • the pressing should be evenly distributed over the entire surface of the glass, either manually or with suitable industrial equipment, with the elements positioned horizontally and completely supported on a hard and flat surface.
  • Figure 1 represents the composite cross-sectional composition of the linear element.
  • Figure 2 represents an exploded axonometry of the different elements that
  • Figure 3 represents an exploded axonometry of the different elements that
  • Figure 4 is an exploded axonometry of the beam-to-column connection, namely its geometric fit. The final configuration of the connection is also observed.
  • Figure 5 illustrates an axonometry of the conjugation of 3 linear elements [16a]
  • FIG. 6 shows the axonometry of a variant that the system makes possible in relation to the gantry configuration - which may be called a closed gantry [Y7. Also of note are the ventilation openings - at the top [14a] and bottom [14b] of the pillars - which provide natural air circulation.
  • Figure 7 also represents the axonometry of a variable to the gantry [15], in this particular case taking advantage of the possibility of different dimensions of the length of the linear elements, which may be complemented by another column typology [18] in the middle. span the beam.
  • Figure 8 represents the same axonometry as the previous figure, but only materializing the interior wooden structure, which emphasizes the continuity of the beam [19] over the intermediate pillar [18].
  • Figure 9 represents the repetition of porticoes, which gives rise to the mixed wood-glass framed construction [20]. The transverse locking solution is also observed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une structure ossaturée composite bois-verre (20) destinée à la construction, l'élément linéaire qui la compose pouvant être appliqué en position horizontale (16a) ou verticale (16b, 16c), fonctionnant respectivement comme poutre (6) ou comme pilier (11). La combinaison de la transparence propre au verre avec son utilisation structurale permet de maximiser les niveaux d'éclairage naturel. Elle permet en outre l'intégration de systèmes de ventilation susceptibles d'être associés à des fonctions bioclimatiques et éco-efficientes. L'élément linéaire pilier/poutre comprend deux pièces axiales et longitudinales en bois (1), alignées verticalement et disposées symétriquement au sommet et à la base de la section transversale composite, ainsi que deux panneaux de verre structural stratifié simple (2) parallèles, soit un sur chaque côté desdites pièces, le procédé de collage au moyen d'un adhésif structural monocomposant (3) permettant de compléter l'ensemble, d'où l'obtention d'une distribution uniforme des efforts à travers les surfaces des verres. Ces derniers assurent à leur tour une fonction de protection permanente sur les pièces en bois.
PCT/IB2009/005666 2008-05-21 2009-05-21 Structure ossaturée composite bois-verre et son procédé de fabrication WO2009141714A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PT10407308A PT104073B (pt) 2008-05-21 2008-05-21 Sistema estrutural porticado misto madeira-vidro e seu processo de produção
PT104073 2008-05-21

Publications (2)

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WO2009141714A2 true WO2009141714A2 (fr) 2009-11-26
WO2009141714A3 WO2009141714A3 (fr) 2010-05-14

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PT (1) PT104073B (fr)
WO (1) WO2009141714A2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3121343A1 (fr) 2015-07-22 2017-01-25 Guido Giuseppin Système pour portes et fenêtres et murs rideaux
CZ308455B6 (cs) * 2019-05-31 2020-08-26 JAVORNĂŤK - CZ - PLUS s.r.o. Kompozitní element pro dřevo-skleněné fasádní systémy, dřevo-skleněný fasádní systém a způsob výroby kompozitního elementu

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19651444A1 (de) 1996-12-11 1998-06-18 Ver Glaswerke Gmbh Bauteil aus einem Fachwerkträgersystem
WO2003023162A1 (fr) 2001-09-12 2003-03-20 Michel Palumbo Element structurel utilise en particulier dans l'industrie du batiment
US6546690B1 (en) 1998-02-24 2003-04-15 Glasfabrik Lamberts Gmbh & Co. Kg Glass structural element for constructing a preferably self supporting wall, roof or ceiling section or element
WO2006128887A1 (fr) 2005-05-31 2006-12-07 Agc Flat Glass Europe Sa Element structurel de construction en verre
DE102006044649B3 (de) 2006-09-21 2007-11-29 Seele Gmbh & Co. Kg Hohles Bauelement als Stütze, Träger oder frei stehende Säule
PT104012A (pt) 2008-04-03 2009-10-06 Univ Do Minho Painel estrutural misto madeira-vidro e seu processo de produção

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GB706582A (en) * 1948-10-01 1954-03-31 Heinz Hoening Improvements in and relating to building plates
FR1538521A (fr) * 1967-07-25 1968-09-06 Const Metalliques De Caen Sa D Panneaux pour la construction
FR2089889A5 (fr) * 1971-04-14 1972-01-07 Bachy Georges
US4351320A (en) * 1979-11-13 1982-09-28 Tetirick Jack E Solar energy heating panel for a building
US5494715A (en) * 1994-07-28 1996-02-27 Edgetech I. G. Ltd. Decorative multiple-glazed sealed units
DE19503776A1 (de) * 1995-02-04 1996-08-08 Kruse Christian Verbundwerkstoff und daraus hergestellter Gegenstand

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19651444A1 (de) 1996-12-11 1998-06-18 Ver Glaswerke Gmbh Bauteil aus einem Fachwerkträgersystem
US6546690B1 (en) 1998-02-24 2003-04-15 Glasfabrik Lamberts Gmbh & Co. Kg Glass structural element for constructing a preferably self supporting wall, roof or ceiling section or element
WO2003023162A1 (fr) 2001-09-12 2003-03-20 Michel Palumbo Element structurel utilise en particulier dans l'industrie du batiment
WO2006128887A1 (fr) 2005-05-31 2006-12-07 Agc Flat Glass Europe Sa Element structurel de construction en verre
DE102006044649B3 (de) 2006-09-21 2007-11-29 Seele Gmbh & Co. Kg Hohles Bauelement als Stütze, Träger oder frei stehende Säule
PT104012A (pt) 2008-04-03 2009-10-06 Univ Do Minho Painel estrutural misto madeira-vidro e seu processo de produção

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3121343A1 (fr) 2015-07-22 2017-01-25 Guido Giuseppin Système pour portes et fenêtres et murs rideaux
CZ308455B6 (cs) * 2019-05-31 2020-08-26 JAVORNĂŤK - CZ - PLUS s.r.o. Kompozitní element pro dřevo-skleněné fasádní systémy, dřevo-skleněný fasádní systém a způsob výroby kompozitního elementu

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Publication number Publication date
WO2009141714A3 (fr) 2010-05-14
PT104073A (pt) 2009-11-23
PT104073B (pt) 2010-03-09

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