WO2009131809A2 - Multi-touch detection panel with disambiguation of touch coordinates - Google Patents
Multi-touch detection panel with disambiguation of touch coordinates Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009131809A2 WO2009131809A2 PCT/US2009/039064 US2009039064W WO2009131809A2 WO 2009131809 A2 WO2009131809 A2 WO 2009131809A2 US 2009039064 W US2009039064 W US 2009039064W WO 2009131809 A2 WO2009131809 A2 WO 2009131809A2
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- Prior art keywords
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- coordinates
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/0416—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers
- G06F3/04166—Details of scanning methods, e.g. sampling time, grouping of sub areas or time sharing with display driving
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
- G06F3/0446—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using a grid-like structure of electrodes in at least two directions, e.g. using row and column electrodes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
- G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
- G06F2203/04104—Multi-touch detection in digitiser, i.e. details about the simultaneous detection of a plurality of touching locations, e.g. multiple fingers or pen and finger
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
- G06F2203/048—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/048
- G06F2203/04808—Several contacts: gestures triggering a specific function, e.g. scrolling, zooming, right-click, when the user establishes several contacts with the surface simultaneously; e.g. using several fingers or a combination of fingers and pen
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to touch pads and touch screens.
- Touch screens have touch coordinate detection systems mounted at the front of displays (e.g., CRTs, LCDs). Many different types of touch detection systems based on different physical principles have been tried. Examples include touch screens based on optical, acoustical, and electronic technologies and there are numerous variations within each category. Some touch screen technologies use an analog/vector approach to locate touches and therefore do not localize touches on a predetermined grid. However, many types of touch screens localize touches using a fixed 2-D grid which can be based on optical or electrical impedance change sensing.
- MxN The category of touch panels that use a predetermined grid can be further sub-divided into two categories.
- MxN One category is referred to herein as "MxN" (where M and N stand for integers and MxN is the product of those integers).
- Touch screens in the MxN category effectively divide the sensing area into MxN independent sensors, so that when a touch is detected by an MxN system, both of the coordinates (e.g., the X and Y coordinates) of the touch are determined at once because each individual sensor has a particular X coordinate and a particular Y coordinate.
- a drawback of some electrical MxN systems is that there are many individual sensors to be interrogated.
- the number of sensors to be interrogated implies a requirement for a high bandwidth data bus or a slow frame rate for sensing.
- touch screens such as hand writing recognition
- M+N Another category of touch panels that uses a predetermined grid is referred to herein as "M+N" (where M and N stand for integers and M+N is the sum of those integers).
- An M+N type touch panel separately detects the X coordinate of touches using one sub-system (e.g., including an array of vertically extending electrodes) and separately detects the Y coordinates using another sub-system (e.g., including an array of horizontally extending electrodes).
- the integers M and N will have sufficiently high values such that MxN will greatly exceed M+N. Accordingly, an M+N system will require far lower data rates to achieve a certain touch coordinate update rate, and therefore applications that require high touch coordinate update rates such as hand writing recognition are more easily supported.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram of a multi-touch detection system according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an electronic apparatus using the multi-touch detection system shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3 is an illustration of a prior art M+N touch screen system highlighting the ambiguity in detecting the location of two contemporaneous touches;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a touch screen system according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a touch screen system according to another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration showing how a resizing gesture is detected by a touch screen system according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a method of detecting a two-touch touch screen gesture according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram of a multi-touch detection system 100 according to an embodiment of the invention.
- the term "multi- touch detection system” refers to a touch detection system capable of registering more than one contemporaneous touch events.
- the system 100 includes a multi-touch panel 102 that includes an upper rectangular section 104 and a lower rectangular section 106. Alternatively, the multi-touch panel 102 and its sections could be non-rectangular in shape.
- the multi-touch panel 102 shown in FIG. 1 is a tandem M+N type capacitive sensing type of multi-touch panel. Alternatively, a multi-touch panel based on a different physical principle could be used such as an optical or resistive sensing type of touch panel. As shown in FIG.
- the two sections 104, 106 are formed on a common transparent planar base 108, however alternatively the two sections 104, 106 can be formed on separate planar bases that are joined together along edges.
- the planar base 108 and the electrodes 1 10, 1 12 are transparent allowing the touch panel 102 to be suitable for use in a touch screen system, however alternatively, if the system 100 is to be used in a touch pad application, the planar base 108 and the electrodes 1 10, 1 12 need not be transparent.
- the planar base 108 is suitably made of glass or transparent plastic, for example and the electrodes 1 10, 1 12 are suitably made of ITO, for example.
- a plurality of vertically extending sensing electrodes 1 10 (of which only three are numbered to avoid crowding the drawing) are positioned side-by-side (in a horizontal array) in the upper rectangular section 104. Additionally a plurality of horizontally extending sensing electrodes 1 12 are positioned one above another (in a vertical array) in the upper rectangular section 104.
- the vertically extending sensing electrodes 1 10 and the horizontally extending sensing electrodes 1 12 are suitably located on opposite faces of the planar base 108, so that the planar base 108 provides electrical insulation between the two sets of electrodes 1 10, 1 12.
- both sets of electrodes 1 10, 1 12 include pad areas 1 14 that are connected by narrower width lines 1 16.
- the pad areas 1 14 from the two sets of electrodes 1 10, 1 12 do not overlap, only the narrow width lines 1 16 have a small overlap where they cross.
- the latter arrangement limits the parasitic capacitive coupling between adjacent electrodes in one of the sets of electrodes 1 10 (1 12) by way of electrodes in the other of the sets of electrodes 1 12 (1 10). In this way the panel 102 is made more sensitive to capacitance changes induced by a user's touch.
- Both of the sets of electrodes 1 10, 1 12 are coupled through a first signal bus 1 18 to a first microcontroller 120.
- the first microcontroller 120 will interrogate each of the vertically extending sensing electrodes 1 10 and horizontally extending sensing electrodes 1 12 separately.
- the first microcontroller is one form of electrical circuit that may be used to interrogate the sensing electrodes 1 10, 1 12; however, alternatively other types of electrical circuits may be used for this purpose.
- the individual sensing electrodes 1 10, 1 12 can be interrogated by applying a signal to measure the capacitance. The capacitance of electrodes proximate a user's touch will change thereby revealing the location of the user's touch.
- the vertically extending sensing electrodes 1 10 can determine the X coordinate(s) of a user's touch or multiple contemporaneous touches and the horizontally extending electrodes 1 12 can determine the Y coordinate(s) of the user's touch or multiple contemporaneous touches. Note that for two contemporaneous touches (e.g., with a thumb and forefinger) there are two X coordinates and two Y coordinates and the system 100 can not necessarily properly pair the X and Y coordinates together-there are four possible pairings only two of which are valid.
- the system also includes the lower rectangular section 106 and that the sections 104, 106 are sized in view of the overall multi-touch panel 102 size and in view of the typical spacing between fingers for supported gestures (e.g., 5 cm for thumb to forefinger multi-touch spacing), such that it can be expected that one touch of a multi-touch (e.g., a forefinger touch) will be in the upper rectangular section 104 of the multi-touch panel 102 and another touch of a multi-touch (e.g., a thumb touch) will be in the lower rectangular section 106 of the multi-touch panel 102.
- a multi-touch e.g., a forefinger touch
- a thumb touch e.g., a thumb touch
- the lower rectangular section 106 includes a second set of vertically extending sensing electrodes 122 positioned side-by-side (in a horizontal array) and a second set of horizontally extending sensing electrodes 124 positioned one above another (in a vertically array).
- the second set of vertically extending electrodes 122 and the second set of horizontally extending electrodes 124 are coupled through a second signal bus 126 to a second microcontroller 128 that interrogates the lower rectangular section 106 of the multi-touch panel 102 in a like manner to the interrogation of the upper rectangular section 104 by the first microcontroller 120.
- the first microcontroller 120 and the second microcontroller 128 are parts of a larger multi-touch panel controller 130.
- the multi-touch panel controller 130 includes a single microcontroller that interrogates both the sections 104, 106 of the touch panel 102.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an electronic apparatus 200 using the multi-touch detection system 100 shown in FIG. 1 .
- the apparatus 200 can comprise a smartphone, a Portable Digital Assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, an ultra portable computer, a Digital Video Disk (DVD) player, a remote controller, or an MP3 player, for example.
- the multi-touch panel 102 is mounted over a display 202 forming a touch screen 204.
- the multi-touch panel 102 can be functionally integrated with the display.
- a display controller 206 is dhvingly coupled to the display 202 and the multi-touch panel controller 130 is coupled to the multi- touch panel 102.
- a master controller (e.g., microprocessor) 208 is coupled to the display controller 206 and the multi-touch panel controller 130.
- the master controller 208 runs an operating system 210 and software 212 that includes Graphical User Interface (GUI) software that supports multi-touch gestures, such as the rotation gesture described above and a non- proportional scaling gesture described below.
- GUI Graphical User Interface
- FIG. 3 is an illustration of a prior art M+N touch screen system 300 highlighting the ambiguity in detecting the location of two contemporaneous touches.
- the system 300 will read out two X coordinates (e.g., Xa and Xb) and two Y coordinates (e.g., Ya and Yb) but will not be able to determine how to properly pair the X and Y coordinates to determine the true locations of the two touches of the multi-touch.
- X coordinates e.g., Xa and Xb
- Y coordinates e.g., Ya and Yb
- T1 indicates a first touch panel scan period and T2 a subsequent touch panel scan period.
- M+N touch panels will typically periodically scan the touch panel at a predetermined frame rate.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a touch screen system 400 according to an embodiment of the invention.
- the touch screen system 400 includes a multi-touch panel 402 that includes an upper rectangular section 404 and a lower rectangular section 406. Because the multi-touch panel 402 includes the two sections 404, 406, there is no ambiguity in associating the X and Y coordinates of two touches of a single multi-touch if the two touches are not in the same section 404, 406 of the multi-touch panel 402.
- the system 400 can correctly determine the X and Y coordinates of a first touch labeled (X-i, Y-i) and a second touch (X 2 , Y 2 ) of a multi-touch gesture during two successive time periods, labeled Ti and T 2 .
- the first touch (X1 , Y1 ) could be using a forefinger and the second touch (X2, Y2) could be using a thumb.
- An electronic apparatus e.g., 200, that incorporates the touch screen system 400 is suitably programmed based on ergonomic assumptions on the range of motion of fingers engaged in two contemporaneous touches and under these assumptions the sense of rotation, i.e., clockwise (CW) or counterclockwise (CCW), can be construed based on the detected touch coordinates during two or more successive frame scan periods.
- CW clockwise
- CCW counterclockwise
- FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a touch screen system 500 according to another embodiment of the invention.
- the system 500 includes a touch panel 502 that is divided into four rectangular quadrants including an upper left quadrant 504, an upper right quadrant 506, a lower right quadrant 508, and a lower left quadrant 510.
- the four quadrants 504, 506, 508, 510 are served by a first microcontroller 512, a second microcontroller 514, a third microcontroller 516, and a fourth microcontroller 518, respectively.
- Each quadrant 504, 506, 508, 510 in conjunction with its associated microcontroller 512, 514, 516, 518 serves as a sensing sub-system.
- a single microcontroller is used to interrogate all four quadrants.
- Providing the four quadrants 504, 506, 508, 510 allows touch panel 502 to be able to detect double touches even if both touches are in the lower half or both touches are in the upper half of the touch panel 502.
- touch panel 502 can be further subdivided however there will be diminishing returns in terms of supported gestures at the expense of increased complexity and/or bandwidth requirements for the electronics (e.g., microcontrollers) used to read the touch panel.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration showing how a resizing gesture for a circle 602 is detected by a touch screen 600 system according to an embodiment of the invention.
- a circle 602 is displayed on the touch screen 600.
- the user touches two fingers on opposite sides of the circle 602, which the system 600 interprets as an initial multi-touch with coordinates (X-i, Yi) T i and (X 2 , Y 2 ) ⁇ i-
- the direction of scaling is indicated by a combination of the virtual line connecting the positions of the two touches of the initial multi-touch and the virtual line connected the positions of the two touches of a subsequent multi-touch.
- a subsequent multi-touch is detected by the system and determined to be at coordinates (X-i, Y-i ) ⁇ 2 and (X2, Y2) ⁇ 2- Based on the differences between the coordinates of the initial multi-touch (e.g., (X-i, Yi)n and (X 2 , Y 2 V 1 ) and the coordinates of the subsequent multi-touch (e.g., (X-i, Yi) ⁇ 2 and (X2, Y2V2), the circle is then stretched into an ellipse 604 with its major axis inclined in a direction indicated by the user's two detected multi-touches.
- the user may draw the two fingers together whereby the said circle would be reformed into an ellipse having its minor axis inclined in a direction indicated by the user's two detected multi-touches.
- This is but one example of a two multi-touch gesture that can be supported.
- Other gestures comprised of combinations of rotation gestures and non-proportional scaling gestures, e.g., gestures in which the aforementioned virtual lines associated with an initial multi-touch and subsequent multi-touch are not collinear, can also be supported.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a method 700 of detecting a two-touch touch screen gesture according to an embodiment of the invention.
- the method 700 can be implemented in software that is stored in a memory and executed by a processor that is coupled to a touch panel structured according to embodiments described above.
- a first sensing sub-system e.g., upper rectangular section 104 and first microcontroller 120
- coordinates e.g., X and Y coordinates
- a second sensing sub-system e.g., the lower rectangular section 106 and the second microcontroller 128, is used to detect coordinates of a second touch of the initial multi-touch in a second part of the touch panel.
- the first sensing sub-system is used to detect new coordinates of a first touch of a subsequent multi-touch in the first part of the touch panel.
- some embodiments contemplated may be programmed to assume that touches by the same finger are always in the same half (e.g., upper or lower) of the touch panel, however this does not apply to all embodiments. This assumption is based in part on ergonomic considerations for the range of motion of the human hand while engaged in contemporaneous thumb and index finger touches and also on the assumption that the user will be instructed through a user manual to perform touch screen gestures in a certain manner.
- the second sensing sub-system is used to detect new coordinates of a second touch of the subsequent multi-touch in the second part of the touch panel.
- the detected touch coordinates are sent to a master controller (e.g., 206) and in block 712 the coordinates are processed to infer a gesture such as a CW or CCW rotation or a scaling command, for example.
- a touch panel based on Cartesian coordinates rather than providing a touch panel based on Cartesian coordinates, a touch panel based on polar coordinates or another coordinate system can be used.
- embodiments of the invention described herein may be comprised of one or more conventional processors and unique stored program instructions that control the one or more processors to implement, in conjunction with certain non-processor circuits, some, most, or all of the functions of touch panels described herein.
- the non- processor circuits may include, but are not limited to, a radio receiver, a radio transmitter, signal drivers, clock circuits, power source circuits, and user input devices. As such, these functions may be interpreted as steps of a method to perform touch panel functions.
- some or all functions could be implemented by a state machine that has no stored program instructions, or in one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), in which each function or some combinations of certain of the functions are implemented as custom logic.
- ASICs application specific integrated circuits
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Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP09735487A EP2291727A4 (en) | 2008-04-23 | 2009-04-01 | Multi-touch detection panel with disambiguation of touch coordinates |
RU2010147653/08A RU2507562C2 (en) | 2008-04-23 | 2009-04-01 | Multi-touch detection panel with disambiguation of touch coordinates |
CN200980114397.4A CN102027438B (en) | 2008-04-23 | 2009-04-01 | Multi-touch detection panel with disambiguation of touch coordinates |
KR1020107026074A KR101137601B1 (en) | 2008-04-23 | 2009-04-01 | Multi-touch detection panel with disambiguation of touch coordinates |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US12/107,820 US8519965B2 (en) | 2008-04-23 | 2008-04-23 | Multi-touch detection panel with disambiguation of touch coordinates |
US12/107,820 | 2008-04-23 |
Publications (2)
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WO2009131809A2 true WO2009131809A2 (en) | 2009-10-29 |
WO2009131809A3 WO2009131809A3 (en) | 2010-01-07 |
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PCT/US2009/039064 WO2009131809A2 (en) | 2008-04-23 | 2009-04-01 | Multi-touch detection panel with disambiguation of touch coordinates |
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US (1) | US8519965B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2291727A4 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101137601B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102027438B (en) |
RU (1) | RU2507562C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009131809A2 (en) |
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US8519965B2 (en) | 2013-08-27 |
CN102027438A (en) | 2011-04-20 |
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US20090267903A1 (en) | 2009-10-29 |
KR20100135932A (en) | 2010-12-27 |
EP2291727A2 (en) | 2011-03-09 |
WO2009131809A3 (en) | 2010-01-07 |
KR101137601B1 (en) | 2012-04-19 |
CN102027438B (en) | 2014-06-04 |
RU2010147653A (en) | 2012-05-27 |
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