WO2009131103A1 - 積層造形装置 - Google Patents
積層造形装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009131103A1 WO2009131103A1 PCT/JP2009/057875 JP2009057875W WO2009131103A1 WO 2009131103 A1 WO2009131103 A1 WO 2009131103A1 JP 2009057875 W JP2009057875 W JP 2009057875W WO 2009131103 A1 WO2009131103 A1 WO 2009131103A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- powder material
- base
- additive manufacturing
- manufacturing apparatus
- Prior art date
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/004—Filling molds with powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
- B22F10/366—Scanning parameters, e.g. hatch distance or scanning strategy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/44—Radiation means characterised by the configuration of the radiation means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a three-dimensional shaped article manufacturing apparatus. More specifically, the present invention manufactures a three-dimensional shaped object in which a plurality of solidified layers are laminated and integrated by repeatedly performing formation of a solidified layer by irradiating a predetermined portion of the powder layer with a light beam.
- the present invention relates to an additive manufacturing apparatus.
- a method for producing a three-dimensional shaped object by irradiating a powder material with a light beam is known.
- the powder at the predetermined portion is sintered or melt-solidified to form a solidified layer, and (ii) of the obtained solidified layer
- a three-dimensional shaped object in which a plurality of solidified layers are laminated and integrated is manufactured by repeating the process of “laying a new powder layer on top and similarly irradiating a light beam to form a solidified layer”.
- the obtained three-dimensional shaped object can be used as a mold, and organic powder materials such as resin powder and plastic powder can be used. In such a case, the obtained three-dimensional shaped object can be used as a model. According to such a manufacturing technique, it is possible to manufacture a complicated three-dimensional shaped object in a short time.
- an additive manufacturing apparatus is used, and a three-dimensional object is manufactured on a base serving as a base.
- a powder layer is formed on the base, and a light beam is irradiated to a predetermined portion of the powder layer to sinter or melt and solidify the portion to form a solidified layer.
- the base is lowered stepwise (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- FIGS. 14A and 14B show a part of the configuration of this type of additive manufacturing apparatus.
- the layered modeling apparatus includes a modeling unit 104 in which a powder layer and a solidified layer are formed, and a material supply unit 105 that supplies a powder material to the modeling unit 104.
- the modeling unit 104 includes “a modeling table 140 that functions as a base”, “an elevator 142 that moves the modeling table 140 up and down”, and “a modeling frame 141 that surrounds the modeling table 140”.
- the material supply unit 105 includes “a storage tank 151 that stores the powder material”, “an elevating mechanism 152 and a lift table 150 that push up the powder material in the storage tank 151”, and “a powder that is positioned above the powder material in the storage tank 151. It has a material supply blade 120 ”for transferring the material to the modeling table 140 side and leveling the surface of the powder material transferred to the modeling table 140.
- the modeling table 140 is lowered and the powder layer of the next layer And a solidified layer is formed again.
- the lifting table 150 is slightly raised so that the upper layer of the powder material in the storage tank 151 is positioned slightly higher than the upper surface of the modeling frame 141, and then the material supply blade 120 is slid. It is made to push out the powder material on the raising / lowering table 150 toward the modeling table 140 side.
- the height H of the material supply unit 105 may be more than twice the height H1 of the storage tank 151 in order to move the lifting table 150 up and down.
- the structure 105 caused the apparatus to become large (see FIG. 14B).
- the powder material in the upper layer is supplied to the modeling unit 104 in order, for example, when a new powder material is supplied to the upper layer of the storage tank 151, the storage tank The powder material of the lower layer 151 is stagnated without being used, and the material circulation may be deteriorated.
- the material circulation is poor, for example, when an easily oxidizable material is used as the powder material, the “oxidized material” and the “non-oxidized material” are likely to be mixed in the powder material, and the formation accuracy of the obtained solidified layer is improved. There is concern about the decline.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an additive manufacturing apparatus including a material replenishing unit that can reduce the size of the apparatus and has good material circulation.
- a powder layer forming means for forming a powder layer made of a powder material, and a predetermined position of the powder layer is irradiated with a light beam to sinter or melt and solidify the powder at the predetermined position.
- a plurality of solidified layers stacked and integrated by repeating the formation of the powder layer by the powder layer forming means and the formation of the solidified layer by the solidified layer forming means.
- An additive manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a three-dimensional shaped object, It further comprises material replenishing means for supplying and replenishing the powder material above the base on which the powder layer and the solidified layer are laminated or on the upper surface of the base frame surrounding the outer periphery of the base,
- the material replenishing means has a substantially cylindrical member in which the powder material is charged and a screw member embedded in the substantially cylindrical member, and the powder material in the substantially cylindrical member is transferred by rotation of the screw member;
- the present invention is characterized in that the powder material is supplied by using a material replenishing means in which a screw member is housed in a substantially cylindrical member.
- the “base” used in the present specification substantially means a member or a part that becomes a base of a manufactured object to be manufactured.
- the “substantially cylindrical member” used in the present specification is a member having a hollow portion therein, and a member (for example, a powder material supply port and a powder material discharge port communicating with the hollow portion). (Barrel member) substantially means.
- substantially orthogonal as used herein means that one direction and the other direction preferably form an angle of 80 ° to 100 °, more preferably 85 ° to 95 ° (for example, 90 °). Substantially.
- the powder layer forming means includes a slide member that is slidably disposed along the upper surface of the base frame.
- the slide member has a function of supplying the powder material supplied from the material replenishing means to a space or a region surrounded by the upper surface of the base and the base frame and leveling (or leveling) the surface of the supplied powder material. have.
- the slide member further includes a cover portion that can cover the upper surface of the base.
- the slide member is further provided with a material supply frame that is disposed above the base or on the upper surface of the base frame body and can surround a region to which the powder material is supplied.
- the material supply frame preferably has a lid portion that covers the inside of the frame, and the powder material discharge port formed at the end of the substantially cylindrical member is in communication with the material supply frame. It is preferable.
- the material replenishing means is provided so as to be movable in a direction substantially orthogonal to the sliding direction of the sliding member.
- the powder material is preferably supplied via a discharge port formed at the end of the substantially cylindrical member.
- a material discharge opening is provided for the barrel (barrel) of the substantially cylindrical member of the material replenishment means, and the powder material is supplied through the material discharge opening of the barrel.
- the discharge port is provided in the trunk portion of the substantially cylindrical member, not in the end portion of the substantially cylindrical member.
- the “material discharge opening” may be in the form of “a plurality of holes” provided in the barrel of the substantially cylindrical member, or “slit-like opening provided in the barrel of the substantially cylindrical member. Part "may be used.
- the material replenishing means includes a material discharge opening formed in a body portion (barrel portion) of a substantially cylindrical member, and a lid portion that allows the material discharge opening to be opened and closed.
- the powder material can be supplied by driving the lid to open and close the material discharge opening.
- the additive manufacturing apparatus of the present invention preferably further includes a mechanism for transferring the powder material supplied above the base or the upper surface of the base frame in a direction substantially perpendicular to the sliding direction of the slide member.
- a mechanism for transferring the powder material supplied above the base or the upper surface of the base frame in a direction substantially perpendicular to the sliding direction of the slide member.
- sliding mechanism for transferring powder material in a direction substantially perpendicular to the sliding direction of the sliding member “conveyor mechanism for transferring powder material in a direction substantially orthogonal to the sliding direction of the sliding member”, or “powder material
- the additive manufacturing apparatus of the present invention includes a screw mechanism that moves in a direction substantially orthogonal to the slide direction of the slide member.
- the additive manufacturing apparatus of the present invention supplies and replenishes the powder material by a screw method, the height of the additive manufacturing apparatus can be suppressed, and the apparatus size is smaller than that of the conventional additive manufacturing apparatus.
- the additive manufacturing apparatus of the present invention has an apparatus height of about 0.3 to 0.7 times the conventional apparatus height (for example, the conventional apparatus height as shown in FIG. 14).
- the powder material is transported in one direction in the substantially cylindrical member and supplied to the upper part of the base or the upper surface of the base frame, so that the material circulation is further improved. It has become. In other words, even when a powder material that easily oxidizes is used, “decrease in formation accuracy of the solidified layer” can be prevented.
- the powder layer forming means has a slide member
- a powder layer having a uniform surface can be formed on the base.
- the slide member has a cover portion
- the contact between the powder layer and the outside air can be suppressed by the cover portion, so that a problem of solidified layer formation accompanying oxidation of the powder material can be prevented.
- the powder material is supplied only to a limited area surrounded by the material supply frame. Powder material can be supplied on top.
- the material replenishing means When the material replenishing means can be moved in a direction substantially perpendicular to the sliding direction of the slide member, the powder material can be supplied to a desired region, so that the amount of surplus powder can be reduced.
- the inside of the material supply frame can be hermetically sealed, so that scattering of the powder material can be effectively suppressed.
- a material discharge opening for example, “a plurality of holes” or “slit-like opening”
- the body is driven by driving the lid.
- the powder material can be supplied over a wide range above the base or the upper surface of the base frame without moving the material replenishing means.
- the material replenishing means is not moved and the upper surface of the base frame or the upper surface of the base frame body
- the powder material can be supplied uniformly over a wide range.
- FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of an additive manufacturing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- A) And (b) is a perspective view of the additive manufacturing apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment.
- (A)-(c) is a partial sectional side view showing the operation of the additive manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- D)-(f) is a partial sectional side view showing the operation of the additive manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- (A) And (c) is a partial sectional side view of the additive manufacturing apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention,
- (b) is the perspective view.
- (A) And (c) is a partial sectional side view of the additive manufacturing apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention, (b) is the perspective view.
- (A) is a sectional side view of the additive manufacturing apparatus which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention, (b) is the perspective view.
- (A) And (b) is the sectional side view which showed the modification of the additive manufacturing apparatus which concerns on 4th Embodiment.
- (A) And (b) is a sectional side view which showed the aspect of the modification of the additive manufacturing apparatus which concerns on 4th Embodiment.
- (A) And (b) is a sectional side view of the additive manufacturing apparatus which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention.
- (A) And (b) is a sectional side view showing a modification of the additive manufacturing apparatus according to the fifth embodiment.
- (A) And (b) is a sectional side view which showed the modification of the additive manufacturing apparatus which concerns on 5th Embodiment
- (c) is a perspective view of the screw mechanism in the embodiment.
- (A) is a partial exploded perspective view of the conventional additive manufacturing apparatus
- (b) is a sectional side view of the material supply unit of the additive manufacturing apparatus.
- the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 mainly includes a powder layer forming unit, a solidified layer forming unit, and a material replenishing unit.
- the powder layer forming means includes a powder layer forming section 2 that forms a powder layer Sa made of an inorganic or organic powder material M.
- the solidified layer forming means includes an optical device 3 that forms a solidified layer Sb by sintering or melting and solidifying a predetermined portion of the powder layer Sa by irradiation with a light beam L.
- the material replenishing means includes “the forming part 4 having the base 40 on which the powder layer Sa and the solidified layer Sb are formed and the base frame 41 surrounding the outer periphery of the base 40” and “the powder layer Sa and the solidified layer Sb. And a material replenishing device 5 ”for supplying the powder material M to the upper side of the base 40 or the upper surface of the base frame 41. It is preferable that the layered manufacturing apparatus 1 further includes a processing machine 6 that performs the cutting process on the surface of the three-dimensionally shaped object that is layered and integrated. In FIGS. 2A and 2B, a part of the configuration of the optical device 3, the modeling unit 4, and the processing machine 6 is omitted.
- the powder layer forming unit 2 includes the “sliding member 20 slidably disposed along the upper surface of the base frame body 41”, “the horizontal rail 21 disposed in parallel with the upper surface of the base frame body 41”, and “the horizontal rail 21. And a slide drive unit 22 ”for sliding the slide member 20 along the axis.
- the lower surface portion of the slide member 20 is provided substantially in contact with the upper surface of the base frame body 41, and can move along the horizontal rail 21 with the driving force of the slide drive portion 22.
- the optical device 3 includes a “light source 31 having a laser oscillator”, a “scanning mechanism 32 having a condensing lens and a galvanometer mirror that deflects the irradiation direction of the light beam L”, and “light for connecting the light source 31 and the scanning mechanism 32. Fiber 33 ".
- the light source 31 for example, when the powder material M contains iron powder, a carbon dioxide laser, an Nd: YAG laser, or the like is used.
- the optical apparatus 3 is provided so as to be movable in the X-axis and Z-axis directions.
- the modeling unit 4 includes a “table 42 for fixing the base 40”, an “elevator 43 for raising and lowering the base frame 41”, and a “table 42 with the Y axis shown in FIG. And a pedestal 44 ”movable in the direction. Since the base 40 is fixed to the table 42, when the elevator 43 raises the base frame body 41, a space surrounded by the inner surface of the base frame body 41, that is, “powder material M is replenished on the base 40. Space will be born.
- the material replenishing device 5 includes “a substantially cylindrical member 50 filled with the powder material M”, “a screw member 51 housed in the substantially cylindrical member 50”, and “a rotational drive unit 52 that rotationally drives the screw member 51”. “A storage tank 53 connected to one end of the substantially cylindrical member 50 and supplying the powder material M into the substantially cylindrical member 50”. When the screw member 51 is rotated by driving by the rotation driving unit 52, the powder material M filled in the substantially cylindrical member 50 is transferred toward the other end portion to which the storage tank 53 is not connected. become.
- the axial direction A of the screw member 51 is substantially parallel to the sliding direction B of the slide member 20 as shown in FIG.
- the material replenishing device 5 may be arranged.
- the material replenishing device 5 may be arranged so that the axial direction A of the screw member 51 is substantially orthogonal to the sliding direction B of the slide member 20 (FIG. 2B). .
- the discharge port 54 is preferably formed at the end of the substantially cylindrical member 50, and the powder material M is discharged from the discharge port 54 to the outside.
- the material replenishing device 5 is preferably provided so as to be movable in a direction substantially orthogonal to the sliding direction of the slide member 20.
- the material replenishing device 5 can supply the powder material M from the discharge port 54 to the upper side of the base 40 or the upper surface of the base frame 41 while moving in a direction substantially orthogonal to the sliding direction of the slide member.
- the powder material M can be supplied to a region between the base 40 and the slide member 20 in the upper surface of the base frame body 41.
- the processing machine 6 has a surface of a molded object formed by laminating and integrating “a spindle head 61 capable of at least three-axis control with respect to the table 42”, “a spindle head 62 mounted on the spindle base 61”, and “solidified layer Sb”. And an end mill 63 ”for cutting.
- the headstock 61 is configured such that the spindle head 62 is movable in the X-axis and Z-axis directions shown in FIG.
- a mechanism for automatically changing the end mill 63 is provided.
- the end mill 63 for example, a two-blade ball end mill made of a carbide material can be used.
- a square end mill, a radius end mill, a drill, or the like may be used as appropriate according to the processing shape and purpose.
- the scanning mechanism 32 of the optical device 3 may be configured to be detachably attached to the side surface of the spindle head 62 of the processing machine 6 or to be attached in place of the end mill 63 (not shown).
- the operation mode of the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 (a) to 3 (f).
- the upper surface of the base 40 is provided in a state slightly lower than the upper surface of the base frame body 41 (see FIG. 3A).
- the rotation member 52 is driven in the material replenishing device 5 to rotate the screw member 51.
- the powder material M stored in the storage tank 53 is transferred into the substantially cylindrical member 50 by the rotation of the screw member 51.
- the powder material M is transferred in the direction a shown in FIG.
- the powder material M is discharged from the substantially cylindrical member 50 and supplied to the upper surface of the base frame body 41. More specifically, the powder material M discharged from the substantially cylindrical member 50 is supplied to a region between the base 40 and the slide member 20 as shown in FIG.
- the powder material M is supplied onto the base 40 by sliding the slide member 20 along the upper surface of the base frame body 41.
- the surface of the powder material M is leveled by the slide member 20 on the base 40, and the first powder layer Sa1 is formed as shown in FIG.
- the shape of the slide member 20 is not particularly limited as long as it can move the powder material M while pushing it and level the surface of the powder material M supplied to the upper surface of the base 40. That is, the slide member 20 only needs to have at least a width larger than the width of the base 40, and is not necessarily limited to the blade-shaped member as shown in FIG.
- a recovery unit (not shown) for recovering the surplus powder has a base frame body 41. May be provided.
- the optical device 3 is operated following the formation of the powder layer. Specifically, the optical device 3 is used to irradiate a predetermined portion of the powder layer with the light beam L to sinter or melt and solidify the powder at that portion. As a result, the first solidified layer Sb1 is formed at the position irradiated with the light beam (see FIG. 3D).
- the irradiation path (hatching path) of the light beam L is preferably created in advance from the three-dimensional CAD data of the layered object. That is, the irradiation path of the light beam L for each layer is created using the contour shape data of each cross-section obtained by slicing STL (Standard Triangulation language) data generated from the three-dimensional CAD model at an equal pitch.
- STL Standard Triangulation language
- the solidified layer is a sintered layer
- at least the outermost surface of the shaped object is solidified so as to have a high density (porosity of 5% or less), while the inside of the shaped object has a low density. It is preferable to sinter so that.
- the shape model data is divided into the surface layer portion and the inside in advance, and the inside is irradiated with the light beam L under sintering conditions that become porous, while the surface layer portion is almost completely melted with powder. It is preferable to irradiate the light beam L under the sintering conditions for high density. In this way, a three-dimensional shaped object having a dense surface can be finally obtained.
- the base frame body 41 When the formation of the solidified layer is completed, as shown in FIG. 3E, the base frame body 41 is pushed up to a predetermined height using the elevator 43, and then the powder material M is supplied again to the upper surface of the base frame body 41 ( (See FIG. 3 (a)).
- the height at which the base frame 41 is pushed up may correspond to the thickness of the second powder layer Sa2 to be formed on the first powder layer Sa1 and the solidified layer Sb1.
- the thickness of each powder layer Sa or each solidified layer Sb is about 0.05 mm when assuming a case where a shaped article such as a molding die is formed.
- the total thickness of the laminated solidified layer Sb reaches a required value calculated from the tool length of the end mill 63 of the processing machine 6 or the like.
- Start the cutting process That is, as shown in FIG. 3 (f), the processing machine 6 is moved above the modeling unit 4, and the surface of the three-dimensionally shaped three-dimensional modeled object is cut by the end mill 63.
- the cutting path by the processing machine 3 is created in advance from three-dimensional CAD data.
- This cutting process removes the excess solidified portion caused by the adhered powder on the surface of the three-dimensional shaped object, so that a state where the high-density part is suitably exposed on the surface of the three-dimensional shaped object can be obtained.
- the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 is preferably provided with dust removing means (not shown) including an air pump and a suction nozzle, and the dust removing means is operated before and / or after cutting by the processing machine 6. Also good. That is, in order to improve accuracy before cutting by the processing machine 6, an excess powder layer that has not been sintered may be excluded and cutting powder generated by cutting may be excluded after cutting.
- the dust eliminator has a plurality of suction nozzles for each object to be excluded, such as a surplus powder layer or cutting powder, thereby collecting the surplus powder and cutting powder individually. More preferably, the recovered surplus powder is returned to the storage tank 53.
- the powder material M can be supplied from the horizontal direction by a screw method, the height of the additive manufacturing apparatus can be suppressed.
- the additive manufacturing apparatus of the present invention can be made more compact than a conventional apparatus.
- the powder material M at the lower part of the storage tank 53 is transferred in one direction through the substantially cylindrical member 50 and supplied to the upper side of the base 40 or the upper surface of the base frame body 41. Therefore, the unused powder material M does not stagnate in the storage tank 53, and the material circulation can be improved.
- the supply amount (replenishment amount) of the powder material M can be appropriately adjusted by controlling the rotation speed of the screw member 51. It should be noted here that the supply amount of the powder material M is not always constant. For example, when the surplus powder layer Sa is eliminated before cutting by the processing machine 6, the supply amount of the powder material M after cutting by the processing machine 6 is more than the supply amount in the step of repeatedly forming the powder layer Sa and the solidified layer Sb. Will also increase. In other words, in the present invention, the supply amount of the powder material M can be appropriately adjusted according to each step, and the amount of the supplied powder material M can be controlled so as not to be excessive or insufficient.
- the powder material M can be supplied to an arbitrary region in the moving direction by moving the material replenishing device 5 in a direction substantially orthogonal to the sliding direction of the slide member 20.
- the powder material M can be supplied only to a predetermined region, it can be said that the amount of surplus powder can be reduced.
- the slide member 20 is configured in a form having a cover portion 23 that can cover the upper surface of the base 40.
- the cover portion 23 is configured to be “provided on the upper surface of the frame body 24 so that the light beam L can be transmitted” and “the frame body 24 formed so that the opening area of the bottom surface is larger than the upper surface area of the base 40”.
- Window 25 “.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment described above.
- the cover 23 is disposed on the base 40, and the light beam is filled in an inert atmosphere gas (for example, nitrogen or argon) in the space surrounded by the base 40 and the cover 23. L irradiation is performed (FIG. 4C).
- an inert atmosphere gas for example, nitrogen or argon
- the contact between the powder layer Sa and the outside air can be suppressed by the covering portion 23, so that a failure in forming a solidified layer (for example, a failure in sintering) associated with the oxidation of the powder material M can be prevented.
- an atmosphere gas generator (not shown) or the like is preferably connected to the side portion of the frame 24 of the cover portion 23.
- an oxygen concentration meter (not shown) for measuring the oxygen concentration in the internal space A of the cover portion 23 is provided, and the atmospheric gas is generated only when the oxygen concentration in the cover portion 23 is higher than a predetermined oxygen concentration. It may be supplied to the internal space A.
- quartz glass is preferably used when the light beam L is a YAG laser, and zinc selenium or the like is preferably used when the light beam L is a carbon dioxide gas laser.
- the window 25 may be configured to function as an f ⁇ lens, for example, instead of a simple parallel plate. By doing so, the spot diameter of the light beam L on the sintered surface can be made constant, so that a solidified layer can be formed with higher accuracy.
- the material replenishing device 5 is preferably arranged so that the axial direction of the screw member 51 is substantially perpendicular to the sliding direction of the cover portion 23.
- the material replenishing device 5 is configured to be movable in a direction substantially orthogonal to the sliding direction of the cover portion 23, the axial direction of the screw member 51 is substantially parallel to the sliding direction of the cover portion 23. (See FIG. 2A).
- the slide member 20 is configured in a form having a material supply frame 26 that can surround a region where the powder material M is supplied above the base 40 or on the upper surface of the base frame body 41.
- FIGS. 5A to 5C show a configuration in which the cover portion 23 and the material supply frame 26 described above are integrally formed, but these may be configured as separate structures. Further, only the material supply frame 26 may be used. Other configurations are the same as those in the first or second embodiment described above.
- the powder material M can be supplied only to a limited region surrounded by the material supply frame 26 on the upper side of the base 40 or the upper surface of the base frame body 41.
- the powder material M does not scatter on the upper surface of the powder, and the powder material M can be supplied more efficiently.
- the material supply frame 26 described above has a lid portion 27 arranged in the frame (particularly the upper region in the frame), and has a substantially cylindrical shape.
- the discharge port 54 formed at the end of the shaped member 50 and the internal region of the material supply frame 26 may be in communication with each other. In this case, since the inside of the material supply frame 26 is in a sealed state, scattering of the powder material M can be more effectively suppressed.
- the powder material is supplied through a discharge port provided in the body portion (that is, the cylindrical portion) of the substantially cylindrical member. That is, the material replenishing device 5 supplies the powder material M through the material discharge opening 55 in the body portion of the substantially cylindrical member 50.
- the material replenishing device 5 supplies the powder material M through the material discharge opening 55 in the body portion of the substantially cylindrical member 50.
- a plurality of holes 55a for example, 2 to 30 holes formed in the lower region of the body portion of the substantially cylindrical member 50. Powder material M is supplied.
- the material supply frame 26 as in the third embodiment described above so that the powder material M is not scattered on the upper surface of the base frame body 41. It is preferable that the powder material M is supplied to (see FIG. 7B).
- the material replenishing device 5 and the material supply frame 26 may be integrally configured.
- the shape of the plurality of holes 55a is not particularly limited.
- the cross-sectional shape cross-sectional shape cut out perpendicular to the material supply direction
- the diameters of the plurality of holes 55a that is, the area of the cross-sectional shape described later
- the material discharge opening in the present embodiment may have a form of a slit-like opening 55b formed in a lower region of the body of the substantially cylindrical member 50 (particularly FIG. 8). (See the lower plan view of the substantially cylindrical member 50 shown in (i) and (ii)).
- the slit width of the slit-shaped opening 55b that is, the short dimension of the slit-shaped opening
- the method is preferably formed so as to gradually increase from the end on the storage tank 53 side toward the other end (see (ii) of FIG. 8).
- the powder material M can be supplied uniformly to the upper side of the base 40 or the upper surface of the base frame 41 without the powder material M being biased to the vicinity of the end on the storage tank 53 side. Further, even in the aspect of the slit-shaped opening 55b, the powder material M is contained in the material supply frame 26 as in the third embodiment described above so that the powder material M is not scattered on the upper surface of the base frame body 41. It is preferable to be configured to be supplied (in such a case, the material replenishing device 5 and the material supply frame 26 may be configured integrally).
- the powder material M can be supplied over a wide range above the base 40 or the upper surface of the base frame 41 without moving the material replenishing device 5. That is, since the powder material M can be supplied without moving the material replenishing device 5 within a range that can correspond to the length of the body portion of the substantially cylindrical member 50, the movement of the material replenishing device 5 can be further suppressed. .
- the material replenishing device 5 has a “material discharge opening formed in a lower region of the body portion of the substantially cylindrical member 50.
- Part 55 slit-like opening 55b" in the illustrated embodiment
- a lid part 57 that allows the material discharge opening 55 to be opened and closed
- a lid driving part 58 that drives the lid part 57.
- the lid drive unit 58 can supply the powder material M by driving the lid unit 57 to open and close the material discharge opening 55 (more specifically, the lid unit 57 except when supplying the powder material).
- the material discharge opening 55 is closed to prevent leakage of the powder material M, while the powder material M is supplied, the lid 57 is moved to open the material discharge opening 55).
- the powder material M can be supplied over a wide range above the base 40 or the upper surface of the base frame 41 without moving the material replenishing device 5.
- the lid portion 57 also has a powder scattering prevention function. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 10, at the time of supplying the powder material, it is preferable that the lid portion 57 is disposed so as to cover the “powder material supply unit” from above the substantially cylindrical member 50. That is, the lid 57 closes the material discharge opening 55 to prevent leakage of the powder material except when the powder material is supplied (see FIG. 10B). However, when the powder material is supplied, the lid 57 is substantially cylindrical. It is preferably arranged so as to rotate around the shaped member so as to cover at least a part of the “powder material supply unit” from above (see FIG. 10A).
- the supplied powder material will not scatter to a "modeling part", and a three-dimensional shape molded article can be manufactured in a more preferable aspect.
- the lid portion 57 is arranged so as to cover the modeling part side of the “powder material supply part” from above.
- the lid portion 57 may function in cooperation with the material supply frame 26, and the lid portion 57 is integrated with the edge portion 26a on the modeling portion side of the material supply frame 26 as shown in FIG. In this case, at least a part of the “powder material supply unit” may be covered.
- the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is capable of transferring the powder material M supplied above the base 40 or the upper surface of the base frame body 41 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the sliding direction of the slide member 20. Is further provided. It is preferable that the slide mechanism 7 is configured to be able to slide the leveling plate 70 along the rail 71. When the leveling plate 70 slides along the rail 71, the powder material M supplied to the upper side of the base 40 or the upper surface of the base frame body 41 (preferably the powder material M supplemented to the above-described material supply frame 26).
- the slide member 20 is transported in a direction substantially orthogonal to the slide direction, and the surface thereof is leveled.
- the slide mechanism 7 may be attached to the base frame 41 or may be attached to the material supply frame 26.
- Other configurations are the same as those in the first to fourth embodiments described above.
- the powder material M can be supplied to the wide area above the base 40 or the upper surface of the base frame body 41 without moving the material replenishing device 5 with the surface leveled. That is, since the powder material M can be supplied without moving the material replenishing device 5 in the range where the leveling plate 70 slides, the movement of the material replenishing device 5 can be further suppressed and the material surface is leveled within the range. be able to.
- the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 slides the powder material M supplied above the base 40 or the upper surface of the base frame body 41. It may further be provided with a conveyor mechanism 8 that can move in a direction substantially orthogonal to the sliding direction of the member 20.
- the conveyor mechanism 8 preferably includes “a belt conveyor 81 disposed above the base 40 or on the upper surface of the base frame body 41” and “a conveyor drive unit 82 that drives the belt conveyor 81”.
- the conveyor mechanism 8 may be arrange
- the above-described material supply frame 26 may be used.
- a leveling member 83 is fixedly arranged in a direction substantially orthogonal to the moving direction of the belt conveyor 81 in the frame of the material supply frame 26, and the leveling member 83 levels the surface of the powder material M transferred. It is preferable to make it. Thereby, the powder material M can be more easily supplied uniformly to a wide range of the upper surface of the base frame 41 without moving the material replenishing device 5.
- This modification is preferably used particularly in a configuration in which the material supply frame 26 is provided with the lid portion 17 (see FIG. 6).
- the additive manufacturing apparatus 1 uses the powder material M supplied above the base 40 or the upper surface of the base frame body 41. Further, a screw mechanism 9 that can be transferred in a direction substantially orthogonal to the slide direction of the slide member 20 may be provided.
- the screw mechanism 9 includes “a screw housing 91 disposed above the base 40 or on an upper surface of the base frame body 41”, “a screw 92 disposed in the housing 91”, and “a screw driving unit 93 that drives the screw 92”. It is preferable to comprise.
- the screw mechanism 9 may be disposed on the base frame 41, or the screw mechanism 9 itself is configured to be slidable, and is disposed above the base 40 or on the upper surface of the base frame 41 only when a material is supplied. You may make it do.
- the powder material M can be supplied more easily and uniformly to a wide range of the upper surface of the base frame 41, and the powder material M itself can be kneaded. (This is particularly effective when the particle size of the powder material M varies, or when the powder material M is a mixture of powders of different materials).
- Powder layer forming means for forming a powder layer made of a powder material, and irradiating a predetermined portion of the powder layer with a light beam to sinter or melt solidify the powder at the predetermined portion to form a solidified layer
- Three-dimensionally integrated with a plurality of solidified layers by repeating the formation of the powder layer by the powder layer forming means and the formation of the solidified layer by the solidified layer forming means.
- An additive manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a shaped object, Further comprising a material replenishing means for supplying the powder material to the upper surface of the base frame surrounding the base on which the powder layer and the solidified layer are laminated or surrounding the outer periphery of the base;
- the material replenishing means includes a substantially cylindrical member filled with the powder material and a screw member housed in the substantially cylindrical member, and the rotation of the screw member causes the inside of the substantially cylindrical member.
- An additive manufacturing apparatus for transferring the powder material.
- the powder layer forming means has a slide member arranged so as to be slidable along the upper surface of the base frame, The additive manufacturing apparatus, wherein the slide member transports the powder material supplied from the material replenishing means to the upper surface or the upper side of the base and smoothes the surface of the transferred powder material.
- the slide member further includes a cover part (cover frame) capable of covering the upper surface of the base.
- the slide member has a material supply frame surrounding an area to which the powder material is supplied.
- the material replenishing means is provided so as to be movable in a direction substantially perpendicular to the sliding direction of the slide member, An additive manufacturing apparatus, wherein the powder material is supplied through a discharge port formed at an end of a substantially cylindrical member.
- the material supply has a lid that can cover the upper surface thereof, The additive manufacturing apparatus, wherein the discharge port of the substantially cylindrical member and the inside of the material supply frame are in communication with each other.
- a material discharge opening for example, “a plurality of holes” or a “slit-like opening” is formed in the body of the substantially cylindrical member of the material replenishing means.
- the material replenishing means further includes a lid part that can open and close the material ejection opening part, and the material ejection opening part is driven by driving the lid part.
- the additive manufacturing apparatus is characterized in that the powder material is supplied by opening and closing.
- the powder material supplied to the upper side of the base or the upper surface of the base frame is used as a sliding direction of the slide member.
- An additive manufacturing apparatus further comprising a slide mechanism for transferring in a substantially orthogonal direction.
- the powder material supplied above the base or on the upper surface of the base frame is made to have a sliding direction of the slide member.
- An additive manufacturing apparatus further comprising a conveyor mechanism for transferring in a substantially orthogonal direction.
- the powder layer Sa and the solidified layer Sb can be stacked without moving the base 40 itself.
- the base frame body may be fixed and the base may be lowered.
- the storage tank 32 is fixed to the material replenishing device 5, but is not necessarily limited to such an embodiment.
- a removable cartridge or the like may be used as the storage tank 53.
- the screw member internally mounted by the substantially cylindrical member is shown by one, it is not necessarily limited to this aspect, In the aspect by which the several screw member was internally mounted by the substantially cylindrical member. It does not matter. That is, not only uniaxial material replenishing means but also multi-axial (for example, biaxial or triaxial) material replenishing means may be used. For example, taking a biaxial material replenishing means as an example, the rotation of the two screw members may be either “same direction rotation” or “different direction rotation”.
- the additive manufacturing apparatus of the present invention When the additive manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is used, various articles can be manufactured.
- the resulting three-dimensional shaped article is a plastic injection mold, press mold, die casting mold, casting mold. It can be used as a mold such as a mold or a forged mold.
- the obtained three-dimensional shaped article can be used as a resin molded product.
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Abstract
Description
粉末層及び固化層が積層されるベースの上方又はそのベースの外周を囲むベース枠体の上面に粉末材料を供給・補充する材料補充手段を更に有して成り、
材料補充手段は、粉末材料が仕込まれる略筒状部材と、略筒状部材に内装されたスクリュー部材とを有し、スクリュー部材の回転により略筒状部材内の粉末材料を移送すること特徴とする積層造形装置が提供される。
本発明の第1実施形態に係る積層造形装置について、図1ならびに図2(a)および(b)を参照して説明する。本実施形態では、積層造形装置1は、主として、粉末層形成手段、固化層形成手段および材料補充手段を備えている。粉末層形成手段は、無機質又は有機質の粉末材料Mから成る粉末層Saを形成する粉末層形成部2を有して成る。固化層形成手段は、粉末層Saの所定箇所を光ビームLの照射により焼結又は溶融固化させて固化層Sbを形成する光学機器3を有して成る。材料補充手段は、「粉末層Sa及び固化層Sbがその上面側に形成されるベース40及びかかるベース40の外周を囲むベース枠体41を有する造形部4」と「粉末層Sa及び固化層Sbが積層されるベース40の上方又はベース枠体41の上面に粉末材料Mを供給する材料補充装置5」とを有して成る。積層造形装置1は、積層一体化された三次元形状造形物の表面の切削加工を行う加工機6を更に有して成ることが好ましい。尚、図2(a)および(b)では、光学機器3、造形部4及び加工機6の構成の一部を省略して示している。
次に、本発明の第2実施形態に係る積層造形装置について、図4(a)~(c)を参照して説明する。本実施形態の積層造形装置1では、スライド部材20が、ベース40の上面を覆うことができる覆い部23を有する形態で構成されている。覆い部23は、「底面の開口面積がベース40の上面面積よりも大きくなるよう形成された枠体24」と「枠体24の上面に設けられて光ビームLが透過できるように構成されたウィンドウ25」とを有して成ることが好ましい。その他の構成は上述した第1実施形態と同様である。
次に、本発明の第3実施形態に係る積層造形装置について、図5(a)~(c)を参照して説明する。本実施形態の積層造形装置1では、スライド部材20が、ベース40の上方又はベース枠体41の上面における粉末材料Mが供給される領域を囲うことができる材料供給枠26を有する形態で構成されている。ちなみに、図5(a)~(c)は、上述した覆い部23と材料供給枠26とが一体的に形成された構成を示すが、これらは別の構造体として構成されていてもよく、また、材料供給枠26のみが用いられてもよい。その他の構成は上述した第1又は第2の実施形態と同様である。
次に、本発明の第4実施形態に係る積層造形装置について、図7(a)および(b)ならびに図8を参照して説明する。本実施形態の積層造形装置1では、略筒状部材の胴部(即ち、筒状部)に設けられた排出口を介して粉末材料供給を行う。即ち、材料補充装置5は、略筒状部材50の胴部の材料吐出開口部55を介して粉末材料Mを供給する。好ましくは、図7(a)および(b)に示すように、略筒状部材50の胴部の下部領域に形成された複数の穴55a(例えば、2個~30個の穴)を介して粉末材料Mを供給する。その他の構成は上述した第1乃至第3の実施形態と同様であるが、ベース枠体41の上面に粉末材料Mが飛び散らないように、上述した第3実施形態のように材料供給枠26内に粉末材料Mが供給されるように構成することが好ましい(図7(b)参照)。かかる場合、材料補充装置5と材料供給枠26とが一体的に構成されている態様であってもかまわない。複数の穴55aの形状は、特に制限はないが、例えば、断面形状(材料供給方向に対して垂直に切り取った断面形状)が、円形状、楕円形状または多角形状などであってもよい。尚、材料供給枠26(スライド部材20)のスライド方向と略直交する方向において、複数の穴55aの口径(即ち、後述の断面形状の面積)は、貯留タンク53側の端部から他方の端部へ向けて次第に大きくなるように形成しておくことが好ましい。こうすれば、粉末材料Mが貯留タンク53側の端部の近傍に偏ることなく、ベース40の上方又はベース枠体41の上面に対して均一に粉末材料Mを供給できる。
次に、本発明の第5実施形態に係る積層造形装置について、図11(a)および(b)を参照して説明する。本実施形態の積層造形装置1は、ベース40の上方又はベース枠体41の上面に供給された粉末材料Mを、スライド部材20のスライド方向と略直交する方向に移送することができるスライド機構7を更に備えたものである。かかるスライド機構7は均し板70をレール71に沿ってスライドさせることができるように構成されていることが好ましい。均し板70がレール71に沿ってスライドすると、ベース40の上方又はベース枠体41の上面に供給された粉末材料M(好ましくは、上述した材料供給枠26に補充された粉末材料M)がスライド部材20のスライド方向と略直交する方向に移送されると共に、その表面が均されることになる。スライド機構7は、ベース枠体41に取り付けられていてもよいし、材料供給枠26に取り付けられていてもよい。その他の構成は上述した第1乃至第4の実施形態と同様である。
第1の態様: 粉末材料から成る粉末層を形成する粉末層形成手段と、前記粉末層の所定箇所に光ビームを照射して前記所定箇所の粉末を焼結又は溶融固化させて固化層を形成する固化層形成手段とを有して成り、粉末層形成手段による粉末層の形成と、前記固化層形成手段による固化層の形成とを繰り返すことにより複数の固化層が積層一体化された三次元形状造形物を製造する積層造形装置であって、
前記粉末層及び前記固化層が積層されるベースの上方又は前記ベースの外周を囲むベース枠体の上面に対して前記粉末材料を供給する材料補充手段を更に有して成り、
前記材料補充手段は、前記粉末材料が充填される略筒状部材と、前記略筒状部材に内装されたスクリュー部材とを有して成り、前記スクリュー部材の回転により前記略筒状部材内の前記粉末材料を移送すること特徴とする積層造形装置。
第2の態様:上記第1の態様において、前記粉末層形成手段は、前記ベース枠体の上面に沿ってスライド自在となるように配置されたスライド部材を有して成り、
前記スライド部材が、前記材料補充手段から供給された粉末材料を前記ベースの上面または上方に移送させると共に、移送された粉末材料の表面を均すことを特徴とする積層造形装置。
第3の態様:上記第2の態様において、前記スライド部材は、前記ベースの上面を覆うことができる覆い部(覆い枠)を更に有して成ることを特徴とする積層造形装置。
第4の態様:上記第2または第3の態様において、前記スライド部材は、前記粉末材料が供給される領域を囲う材料供給枠を有して成ることを特徴とする積層造形装置。
第5の態様:上記第2~第4の態様のいずれかにおいて、前記材料補充手段が、前記スライド部材のスライド方向に対して略直交する方向に移動自在となるように設けられており、前記略筒状部材の端部に形成された排出口を介して前記粉末材料を供給することを特徴とする積層造形装置。
第6の態様:上記第4の態様において、前記材料供給が、その上面を覆うことができる蓋部を有し、
前記略筒状部材の前記排出口と前記材料供給枠内とが連通状態となっていることを特徴とする積層造形装置。
第7の態様:上記第1~第4の態様のいずれかにおいて、前記材料補充手段の前記略筒状部材の胴部には材料吐出開口部(例えば、“複数の穴”または“スリット状開口部”)が設けられており、
前記材料吐出開口部を介して前記粉末材料の供給を行うことができることを特徴とする積層造形装置。
第8の態様:上記第7の態様において、前記材料補充手段が、前記材料吐出開口部を開閉自在とする蓋部とを更に有して成り、前記蓋部を駆動させて前記材料吐出開口部を開閉することにより前記粉末材料の供給を行うことを特徴とする積層造形装置。
第9の態様:上記第2~第4の態様または上記第6の態様のいずれかにおいて、前記ベースの上方又はベース枠体の上面に供給された前記粉末材料を、前記スライド部材のスライド方向と略直交する方向に移送するスライド機構を更に有して成る積層造形装置。
第10の態様:上記第2~第4の態様または上記第6の態様のいずれかにおいて、 前記ベースの上方又はベース枠体の上面に供給された前記粉末材料を、前記スライド部材のスライド方向と略直交する方向に移送するコンベア機構を更に有して成ることを特徴とする積層造形装置。
2 粉末層形成部(粉末層形成手段)
20 スライド部材
21 水平レール
22 スライド駆動部
23 覆い部
24 覆い部の枠体
25 覆い部のウィンドウ
26 材料供給枠
26a 材料供給枠の造形部側の縁部
27 材料供給枠の蓋部
3 光学機器(固化層形成手段)
31 光源
32 スキャン機構
33 光ファイバ
4 造形部
40 ベース
41 ベース枠体
42 テーブル
43 昇降機
44 台座
5 材料補充装置(材料補充手段)
50 略筒状部材
51 スクリュー部材
52 回転駆動部
53 貯留タンク
54 排出口
55 略筒状部材の胴部に設けられた材料吐出開口部
55a 複数の穴
55b スリット状開口部
57 蓋部
58 蓋駆動部
6 加工機
61 主軸台
62 スピンドルヘッド
63 エンドミル
7 スライド機構
70 均し板
71 均し板のレール
8 コンベア機構
81 ベルトコンベア
82 コンベア駆動部
83 均し部材
9 スクリュー機構
91 スクリュー・ハウジング
92 スクリュー
93 スクリュー駆動部
104 造形部
140 造形テーブル
141 造形枠
142 昇降機
105 材料供給部
150 昇降テーブル
151 収容タンク
152 昇降機構
L 光ビーム
M 粉末材料
Sa 粉末層
Sb 固化層
Claims (9)
- 粉末材料から成る粉末層を形成する粉末層形成手段と、前記粉末層の所定箇所に光ビームを照射して前記所定箇所の粉末を焼結又は溶融固化させて固化層を形成する固化層形成手段とを有して成り、粉末層形成手段による粉末層の形成と、前記固化層形成手段による固化層の形成とを繰り返すことにより複数の固化層が積層一体化された三次元形状造形物を製造するための積層造形装置であって、
前記粉末層及び前記固化層が設けられるベースの上方又は前記ベースの外周を囲むベース枠体の上面に対して前記粉末材料を供給する材料補充手段を更に有して成り、
前記材料補充手段は、前記粉末材料が仕込まれる略筒状部材と、前記略筒状部材に内装されたスクリュー部材とを有して成り、前記スクリュー部材の回転により前記略筒状部材内の前記粉末材料を移送すること特徴とする積層造形装置。 - 前記粉末層形成手段は、前記ベース枠体の上面に沿ってスライド自在となるように設けられたスライド部材を有して成り、
前記スライド部材が、前記材料補充手段から供給された前記粉末材料を前記ベースの上面または上方に移送させると共に、移送された粉末材料の表面を均すことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の積層造形装置。 - 前記スライド部材が、前記ベースの上面を覆うことができる覆い部を有して成ることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の積層造形装置。
- 前記スライド部材が、前記粉末材料が供給される領域を囲う材料供給枠を有して成ることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の積層造形装置。
- 前記材料補充手段は、前記スライド部材のスライド方向に対して略直交する方向に移動自在となるように設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の積層造形装置。
- 前記材料供給枠が、その枠内を覆う蓋部を有して成り、
前記略筒状部材の粉末材料排出口と前記材料供給枠内とが連通状態となっていることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の積層造形装置。 - 前記材料補充手段の前記略筒状部材の胴部に対して材料吐出開口部が設けられており、
前記材料吐出開口部を介して前記粉末材料の供給が行われることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の積層造形装置。 - 前記材料補充手段が、前記材料吐出開口部を開閉自在とする蓋部を更に有して成り、前記蓋部を駆動させて前記材料吐出開口部を開閉することにより前記粉末材料の供給が行われることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の積層造形装置。
- 前記ベースの上方又は前記ベース枠体の上面に供給された前記粉末材料を、前記スライド部材のスライド方向と略直交する方向に移送する機構を更に有して成ることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の積層造形装置。
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CN2009801139803A CN102015258B (zh) | 2008-04-21 | 2009-04-20 | 层叠造形装置 |
US12/988,723 US8550802B2 (en) | 2008-04-21 | 2009-04-20 | Stacked-layers forming device |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20140147328A1 (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2014-05-29 | Panasonic Corporation | Method for producing three-dimensional shaped object |
US9592554B2 (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2017-03-14 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Method for manufacturing three-dimensional shaped object |
JP6026698B1 (ja) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-11-16 | 株式会社松浦機械製作所 | 三次元造形装置 |
JP2018009210A (ja) * | 2016-07-13 | 2018-01-18 | 株式会社松浦機械製作所 | 三次元造形装置 |
US9969002B2 (en) | 2016-07-13 | 2018-05-15 | Matsuura Machinery Corporation | Three-dimensional shaping device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US8550802B2 (en) | 2013-10-08 |
JP5272871B2 (ja) | 2013-08-28 |
EP2281677A1 (en) | 2011-02-09 |
CN102015258A (zh) | 2011-04-13 |
CN102015258B (zh) | 2013-03-27 |
JP2009279928A (ja) | 2009-12-03 |
EP2281677A4 (en) | 2013-09-04 |
US20110109016A1 (en) | 2011-05-12 |
EP2281677B1 (en) | 2015-12-23 |
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