WO2009118911A1 - Map display, navigation device, generating method, map image generating program, and computer-readable recording medium - Google Patents

Map display, navigation device, generating method, map image generating program, and computer-readable recording medium Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2009118911A1
WO2009118911A1 PCT/JP2008/056231 JP2008056231W WO2009118911A1 WO 2009118911 A1 WO2009118911 A1 WO 2009118911A1 JP 2008056231 W JP2008056231 W JP 2008056231W WO 2009118911 A1 WO2009118911 A1 WO 2009118911A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
map
viewpoint
dimensional object
angle
dimensional
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2008/056231
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
昌義 鈴木
Original Assignee
パイオニア株式会社
パイオニアシステムテクノロジー株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by パイオニア株式会社, パイオニアシステムテクノロジー株式会社 filed Critical パイオニア株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2008/056231 priority Critical patent/WO2009118911A1/en
Publication of WO2009118911A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009118911A1/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
    • G01C21/26—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 specially adapted for navigation in a road network
    • G01C21/34—Route searching; Route guidance
    • G01C21/36—Input/output arrangements for on-board computers
    • G01C21/3626—Details of the output of route guidance instructions
    • G01C21/3635—Guidance using 3D or perspective road maps
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0481—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] based on specific properties of the displayed interaction object or a metaphor-based environment, e.g. interaction with desktop elements like windows or icons, or assisted by a cursor's changing behaviour or appearance
    • G06F3/04815—Interaction with a metaphor-based environment or interaction object displayed as three-dimensional, e.g. changing the user viewpoint with respect to the environment or object
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T15/00—3D [Three Dimensional] image rendering
    • G06T15/10—Geometric effects
    • G06T15/20—Perspective computation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T19/00—Manipulating 3D models or images for computer graphics
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B29/00—Maps; Plans; Charts; Diagrams, e.g. route diagram
    • G09B29/003—Maps
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B29/00—Maps; Plans; Charts; Diagrams, e.g. route diagram
    • G09B29/10—Map spot or coordinate position indicators; Map reading aids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a map display device, a navigation device, a generation method, a map image generation program, and a computer-readable recording medium that display a map image with a bird's eye view of a three-dimensional map.
  • a navigation device that displays a map image on a display and guides a user to a desired destination using the map image.
  • a three-dimensional map image on which a three-dimensional object is arranged is displayed on a display, and a user is guided using a three-dimensional and real (much like a real landscape) map image.
  • Patent Document 1 For example, refer to the following Patent Document 1).
  • 3D map information all the information of the 3D map (hereinafter referred to as “3D map information”) is expressed by the 3D object.
  • the limited capacity of the recording device provided in the navigation device is limited.
  • the capacity occupied by the three-dimensional map information is enlarged. Therefore, when expressing a predetermined facility such as a convenience store or a gas station, the space occupied by the POI (Point of Interest) mark, which is a two-dimensional object, is used instead of the three-dimensional object to make the occupied capacity as small as possible. There was a need to do.
  • POI Point of Interest
  • a two-dimensional object such as a POI mark
  • a virtual ground reference plane
  • the display content of the two-dimensional object becomes difficult to see.
  • One example is the problem of inferiority.
  • the map display device includes a storage unit that stores information on a two-dimensional object and a three-dimensional map in which the three-dimensional object is arranged, a viewpoint, and a note.
  • Viewpoint setting means for setting a viewpoint, and adjustment means for adjusting an arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object with respect to the reference plane according to an angle of a straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point with respect to the reference plane of the three-dimensional map
  • generating means for generating a map image obtained by bird's-eye view of the three-dimensional map after adjustment of the arrangement angle from the viewpoint to the direction of the gazing point, and display means for displaying the map image.
  • a navigation device is a navigation device comprising the map display device according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein a detection means for detecting a current position and a route for setting a route are provided. Setting means; and guidance means for guiding the route, wherein the viewpoint setting means sets the viewpoint and the gazing point according to the current position and a guidance location on the route, and the adjustment.
  • the means adjusts the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object located in the vicinity of the guidance area, and the generation means determines the three-dimensional map near the guidance area after the adjustment of the arrangement angle from the viewpoint to the direction of the gazing point.
  • a map image with a bird's eye view is generated, and the display means displays the map image as a guide image of the guide place.
  • the generation method according to claim 9 is a map image generation method using a 3D map in which a 2D object and a 3D object are arranged, and a viewpoint setting step of setting a viewpoint and a gaze point; An adjustment step of adjusting an arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object with respect to the reference plane according to an angle of a straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point with respect to the reference plane of the three-dimensional map; Generating a map image in which a three-dimensional map is bird's-eye view from the viewpoint to the direction of the gazing point.
  • the map image generation program according to claim 10 causes the computer to execute the generation method according to claim 9.
  • the computer-readable recording medium according to claim 11 records the map image generation program according to claim 10.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of a map display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the map display device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of the navigation apparatus according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an overview of viewpoints and gaze points in the navigation device of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure of the navigation device of this embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram (part 1) illustrating a specific example of adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of a map display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the map display device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of
  • FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram (part 2) illustrating a specific example of adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram (part 1) illustrating the rotation axis when adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram (part 2) illustrating the rotation axis when adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram (part 3) illustrating the rotation axis when adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram (part 4) illustrating the rotation axis when adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a specific display example of the navigation device of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of a map display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the map display device 100 includes a storage unit 101, a viewpoint setting unit 102, an adjustment unit 103, a generation unit 104, and a display unit 105.
  • the storage unit 101 has a function of storing 3D map information in which 2D objects and 3D objects are arranged.
  • the two-dimensional object is expressed by two-dimensional CG (Computer Graphics) such as a POI mark representing a predetermined facility, a traffic light, and a road sign.
  • the three-dimensional object is represented by a three-dimensional CG such as a polygon (group) representing a feature (shape) such as a building.
  • 3D map information means that the above-described 2D object or 3D object (for example, an actual building) is placed at a predetermined position on a predetermined reference plane (for example, an actual ground).
  • This is information that represents a map that has been configured.
  • the 3D map information includes both a 2D object and a 3D object. As described above, this means that all the features in the 3D map information are represented as 3D objects. This is because when it is used, the point occupied is enlarged. Further, for example, when a predetermined type of facility such as a convenience store is represented, information such as the series is more useful to the user than the shape of the facility.
  • the storage unit 101 is realized by a magnetic disk and a magnetic disk drive that performs reading / writing on the magnetic disk.
  • the viewpoint setting unit 102 has a function of setting a viewpoint and a gazing point.
  • the viewpoint and the gazing point are predetermined points (coordinates) in the three-dimensional map information.
  • the gazing point is a point obtained by projecting the viewpoint onto the reference plane.
  • the viewpoint setting unit 102 sets the viewpoint and the gazing point using, for example, a predetermined setting value (at a predetermined position).
  • the viewpoint setting unit 102 may receive a user's operation using various input devices, and may set a viewpoint and a gazing point (such as a position thereof) based on the operation.
  • the viewpoint setting unit 102 is realized by causing a computer device to execute a program prepared in advance.
  • the adjusting unit 103 has a function of adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object with respect to the reference plane according to the angle of the straight line connecting the viewpoint with respect to the reference plane of the 3D map and the gazing point.
  • the reference plane is a plane having a constant height (for example, the ground (when the height is not set on the ground) or the plane where the sea level is 0) in the three-dimensional map.
  • the adjustment unit 103 adjusts the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object so that the display surface of the two-dimensional object becomes an angle within a predetermined range including 90 degrees with respect to a straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point.
  • the display surface is a surface on which display content is displayed (for example, a surface on which a predetermined pattern in the POI mark is displayed).
  • the adjustment unit 103 adjusts the arrangement angle by rotating the two-dimensional object by a predetermined angle along an axis corresponding to the arrangement position of the two-dimensional object.
  • the adjustment unit 103 may adjust the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object when the angle of the straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point with respect to the reference plane of the three-dimensional map is a predetermined angle or more.
  • the arrangement angle of only a specific type of two-dimensional object may be adjusted.
  • the two-dimensional object of a specific type may be a two-dimensional object of a predetermined type set in advance by the manufacturer of the map display device 100, or an arbitrary one set by the user of the map display device 100 It may be a two-dimensional object of the type.
  • the adjustment unit 103 is realized by causing a computer device to execute a program prepared in advance.
  • the generation unit 104 has a function of generating a map image in which the three-dimensional map after adjustment of the arrangement angle is viewed from the viewpoint to the direction of the gazing point. That is, the generation unit 104 generates a map image in which the three-dimensional map after the adjustment angle of the two-dimensional object is adjusted by the adjustment unit 103 is bird's-eye view from the viewpoint to the direction of the gazing point.
  • the generation unit 104 is realized by causing a computer device to execute a program prepared in advance.
  • the display unit 105 has a function of displaying a map image.
  • the display unit 105 displays the map image generated by the generation unit 104 on various displays.
  • the display unit 105 is realized by a liquid crystal display, a plasma display, or the like.
  • the map display device 100 may be provided as a part of the navigation device 110.
  • the navigation device 110 includes the map display device 100, a detection unit 111, a route setting unit 112, and a guide unit 113.
  • the detection unit 111 has a function of detecting the current position of the navigation device 110 (a mobile body equipped with the navigation device 110).
  • the detection unit 111 is realized by a GPS (Global Positioning System) unit or the like.
  • the route setting unit 112 has a function of setting a route. For example, the route setting unit 112 searches for a route to the destination input by the user using the Dijkstra method and sets the searched route.
  • the route setting unit 112 is realized, for example, by causing a computer to execute a program prepared in advance.
  • the guidance unit 113 has a function of guiding a route.
  • the guide unit 113 guides the route by generating various types of guide information for guiding the searched route to the user and displaying the guide information on the display unit 105.
  • the guidance information is, for example, information expressing the searched route as a line.
  • the guide unit 113 is realized by causing a computer device to execute a program prepared in advance.
  • the viewpoint setting unit 102 sets a viewpoint and a gazing point in accordance with, for example, the current position and the guidance point on the route.
  • the guidance location is, for example, a predetermined waypoint on the route (for example, a right or left turn point on the set route or an arbitrary point set as a waypoint by the user).
  • the adjustment unit 103 adjusts the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object located near the guide point. For example, the adjustment unit 103 sets a viewpoint and a gazing point in which the angles of the straight lines connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point with respect to the reference plane of the three-dimensional map are different according to the current position and the distance from the guide point.
  • the generation unit 104 generates a map image obtained by bird's-eye view of the three-dimensional map in the vicinity of the guidance location after adjusting the arrangement angle from the viewpoint to the direction of the gazing point, and the display unit 105 uses the map image as the guidance image of the guidance location.
  • the guidance image is an image displayed on the display unit 105 to guide the guidance location.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the map display device according to the embodiment of the present invention. The flowchart shown in FIG. 2 is started, for example, when the map display device 100 is powered on.
  • the map display device 100 first sets a viewpoint and a gazing point (step S201). Specifically, the map display device 100 sets the viewpoint and the gazing point by the viewpoint setting unit 102 based on a predetermined setting value or an operation by the user.
  • step S201 after setting the viewpoint and the gazing point, the map display device 100 adjusts the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object (step S202). Specifically, the map display device 100 uses the adjustment unit 103 to change a two-dimensional object (for example, a POI such as a convenience store) with respect to the reference plane according to an angle connecting the viewpoint with respect to the reference plane of the three-dimensional map and the gaze point. Adjust the placement angle of the mark.
  • a two-dimensional object for example, a POI such as a convenience store
  • step S202 after adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object, the map display device 100 generates a map image after adjusting the arrangement angle (step S203). Specifically, the map display apparatus 100 generates a map image after the arrangement angle is adjusted by the adjustment unit 103 by the generation unit 104.
  • step S203 after generating the map image, the map display device 100 displays the generated map image (step S204), and ends the series of processes. Specifically, the map display device 100 causes the display unit 105 to display the map image generated by the generation unit 104 and ends a series of processes.
  • the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object is adjusted according to the angle of the straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point with respect to the reference plane. be able to. Thereby, the visibility of the two-dimensional object is improved, and the convenience can be improved.
  • the two-dimensional object is displayed so that the display surface of the two-dimensional object has an angle within a predetermined range including 90 degrees with respect to the straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point.
  • the arrangement angle of the object can be adjusted. As a result, the visibility of the two-dimensional object is further improved, and convenience can be improved.
  • the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object is adjusted when the angle of the straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point with respect to the reference plane of the three-dimensional map is a predetermined angle or more. be able to.
  • the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object is adjusted as necessary, the visibility of the two-dimensional object is further improved and the convenience can be improved.
  • the arrangement angle can be adjusted by rotating the two-dimensional object by a predetermined angle along the axis corresponding to the arrangement position of the two-dimensional object.
  • the arrangement angle of only a predetermined two-dimensional object (for example, only a POI mark representing a predetermined facility) can be adjusted.
  • the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object desired by the user is adjusted, the convenience can be further improved.
  • the map display device 100 according to the above-described embodiment is applied to a navigation device mounted on a vehicle (including two wheels and four wheels).
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of the navigation apparatus according to the present embodiment.
  • the navigation apparatus 300 includes a CPU 301, a ROM 302, a RAM 303, a magnetic disk drive 304, a magnetic disk 305, an optical disk drive 306, an optical disk 307, and an audio I / F (interface) 308.
  • the respective components 301 to 316 are connected by a bus 320, respectively.
  • the CPU 301 governs overall control of the navigation device 300.
  • the ROM 302 stores various programs such as a boot program, a current position detection program, a route search program, a route guidance program, a voice generation program, a viewpoint setting program, an arrangement angle adjustment program, a map image generation program, and a map image display program. Yes.
  • these various programs may be recorded in a nonvolatile memory such as a magnetic disk 305 and an optical disk 307 described later.
  • the RAM 303 is used as a work area for the CPU 301.
  • the CPU 301 controls the entire navigation device 300 by executing various programs recorded in the ROM 302 or the like while using the RAM 303 as a work area.
  • the current position detection program detects the current position of the navigation device 300 based on, for example, output information from a GPS unit 315 and various sensors 316 described later.
  • the route search program uses, for example, three-dimensional map information recorded on a magnetic disk 305 or an optical disk 307, which will be described later, and an optimal route from the departure point (for example, the current position of the navigation device 300) to the destination, A detour route is searched when the optimum route is deviated.
  • the optimum route is a route that has the lowest cost (such as required time) to the destination or a route that best meets the conditions specified by the passenger. Since the route search program is a known technique, a detailed description thereof is omitted, but an optimal route is searched using the Dijkstra method or the like.
  • the route information of the route searched by executing the route search program is output to the audio I / F 308 and the video I / F 312 via the CPU 301.
  • the route guidance program includes route information of a route searched by executing the route search program, current position information of the current position of the navigation device 300 detected by executing the current position detection program, the magnetic disk 305 or the optical disk 307. Based on the three-dimensional map information read out from, real-time route guidance information is generated. The route guidance information generated by executing the route guidance program is output to the audio I / F 308 and the video I / F 312 via the CPU 301.
  • the voice generation program generates tone and voice information corresponding to the pattern. That is, based on the route guidance information generated by executing the route guidance program, the virtual sound source corresponding to the guidance point is set and the voice guidance information is generated.
  • the voice guidance information includes, for example, an alarm indicating that a right / left turn point should be turned right and left according to the route, an alarm indicating that the vehicle should decelerate before the right / left turn point, information on a detour route when the right / left turn fails, Guidance information to the effect that it should be turned back if it fails to turn right or left is included.
  • the generated voice guidance information is output to the voice I / F 308 via the CPU 301.
  • the viewpoint setting program uses the current position information of the current position detected by the current position detection program, the route guidance information generated by the route guidance program, etc. Set the viewpoint.
  • the viewpoint setting program corresponds to, for example, a predetermined viewpoint and the viewpoint from among a plurality of preset viewpoints according to the positional relationship between the current position of the navigation device 300 and the guidance location on the route being guided.
  • the viewpoint and the gazing point set by executing the viewpoint setting program are used when a map image generation program described later is executed.
  • the arrangement angle adjustment program can adjust the arrangement angle of 2D objects in 3D map information. Specifically, the arrangement angle adjustment program adjusts the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object with respect to the reference plane according to the angle of the straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point set by executing the viewpoint setting program. Make it. The adjustment result adjusted by executing the arrangement angle adjustment program is used when the map image generation program is executed.
  • the map image generation program includes the three-dimensional map information stored in the magnetic disk 305, the viewpoint and gazing point set by executing the viewpoint setting program, the adjustment result adjusted by executing the arrangement angle adjustment program, and the like. By using this, a 3D map is generated in a bird's eye view from the set viewpoint to the direction of the gazing point.
  • the map image display program displays the map image generated by executing the map image generation program on the display 313 via the video I / F 312. For example, the map image display program causes the display 313 to display a map image around the current position of the navigation device 300.
  • the map image display program may display a map image around an arbitrary position designated by the passenger on the display 313, for example.
  • the magnetic disk drive 304 controls the reading / writing of the data with respect to the magnetic disk 305 according to control of CPU301. Data written under the control of the magnetic disk drive 304 is recorded on the magnetic disk 305.
  • the magnetic disk 305 for example, HD or FD (flexible disk) can be used.
  • the optical disc drive 306 controls reading / writing of data with respect to the optical disc 307 according to the control of the CPU 301.
  • the optical disk 307 is a detachable recording medium from which data is read according to the control of the optical disk drive 306.
  • a CD Compact Disc
  • DVD can be used as the optical disc 307.
  • a writable recording medium can be used as the optical disc 307.
  • the removable recording medium may be an MO (Magneto Optical Disk), a memory card, or the like.
  • the three-dimensional map information includes background data representing features (features) such as buildings, rivers, and point surfaces, road shape data representing road shapes, and the like, and is drawn in three dimensions on the display screen of the display 313. Is done.
  • the road shape data further has traffic condition data.
  • the traffic condition data includes, for example, whether or not there are traffic lights or pedestrian crossings, highway entrances or junctions, length (distance) for each link, road width, direction of travel, road type (highway, Information on toll roads and general roads).
  • past traffic information is recorded by statistically processing past traffic information based on seasons, days of the week, large holidays, and times.
  • the navigation device 300 obtains information on the traffic jam that is currently occurring from road traffic information received by the communication I / F 314 described later, and can predict the traffic jam situation at a specified time by using the past traffic jam information. Become.
  • the three-dimensional map information is recorded on the magnetic disk 305 or the optical disk 307.
  • the three-dimensional map information is not recorded only on information provided integrally with the hardware of the navigation device 300, and may be provided outside the navigation device 300.
  • the navigation device 300 acquires 3D map information from an external computer device connected via the communication I / F 314, for example.
  • the acquired 3D map information is recorded in the RAM 303, the magnetic disk 305, etc., and is read out as necessary.
  • the voice I / F 308 is connected to a microphone 309 for voice input and a speaker 310 for voice output.
  • the sound received by the microphone 309 is A / D converted in the sound I / F 308.
  • sound is output from the speaker 310. Note that the sound input from the microphone 309 can be recorded on the magnetic disk 305 or the optical disk 307 as sound data.
  • the input device 311 may be a remote controller, a keyboard, a mouse, a touch panel, etc. provided with a plurality of keys for inputting characters, numerical values, various instructions, and the like.
  • the input device 311 inputs data corresponding to the key selected by the passenger into the apparatus.
  • the video I / F 312 is connected to the display 313.
  • the video I / F 312 includes, for example, a graphic controller that controls the entire display 313, a buffer memory such as a VRAM (Video RAM) that temporarily records image information that can be displayed immediately, and a graphic controller.
  • the display 313 is configured by a control IC or the like.
  • the display 313 displays icons, cursors, menus, windows, or various data such as characters and images.
  • a CRT for example, a CRT, a TFT liquid crystal display, a plasma display, an organic EL display, or the like can be used.
  • the communication I / F 314 is connected to the network via wireless and functions as an interface between the navigation device 300 and the CPU 301.
  • the communication I / F 314 is further connected to a communication network such as the Internet via wireless, and also functions as an interface between the communication network and the CPU 301.
  • the communication I / F 314 receives a television broadcast or a radio broadcast.
  • Communication networks include LAN, WAN, public line network and mobile phone network.
  • the communication I / F 314 is configured by, for example, an FM tuner, a VICS / beacon receiver, a wireless navigation device, and other navigation devices. get. VICS is a registered trademark.
  • the GPS unit 315 receives radio waves from GPS satellites and calculates information indicating the current position of the vehicle.
  • the output information of the GPS unit 315 is used when the current position of the vehicle is specified by the CPU 301 together with output values of various sensors 316 described later.
  • the information indicating the current position is information for specifying one point on the map data such as latitude / longitude and altitude.
  • the various sensors 316 output information such as a vehicle speed sensor, an acceleration sensor, and an angular velocity sensor that can determine the position and behavior of the vehicle.
  • the output values of the various sensors 316 are used by the CPU 301 for specifying the current position of the vehicle, measuring the amount of change in speed and direction, and the like.
  • the storage unit 101 of the map display apparatus 100 includes a magnetic disk drive 304 and a magnetic disk 305
  • the viewpoint setting unit 102 includes a CPU 301 and a ROM 302
  • the adjustment unit 103 includes a CPU 301 and a ROM 302.
  • the generation unit 104 can realize the respective functions by the CPU 301 and the ROM 302, and the display unit 105 by the video I / F 312 and the display 313.
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an overview of viewpoints and gaze points in the navigation device of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a reference plane 400 of the three-dimensional map represented by the three-dimensional map information stored in the magnetic disk 305.
  • two viewpoints indicated by reference numerals VP11 and VP21 in FIG. 4 having different heights from the reference plane 400 are set in advance.
  • the viewpoint VP11 is set at a height h1 from the reference plane 400
  • the viewpoint VP21 is set at a height h2 from the reference plane 400 (h1 ⁇ h2).
  • the viewpoint VP11 is a viewpoint in the normal mode
  • the viewpoint VP21 is a viewpoint in the short distance mode.
  • the navigation device 300 switches to the viewpoint VP21 in the short-distance mode only when the distance to a certain guide point (including the destination) is within a predetermined distance while traveling on the set route. In this case, the viewpoint VP11 in the normal mode is used.
  • each of the viewpoints VP11 and VP21 corresponds to a predetermined gaze point.
  • the viewpoint VP11 corresponds to the gazing point VP12
  • the viewpoint VP21 corresponds to the gazing point VP22.
  • a straight line connecting VP11 and VP12 is L1
  • a straight line connecting VP21 and VP22 is L2.
  • an angle between L1 and the reference plane 400 is ⁇ 1
  • an angle between L2 and the reference plane 400 is ⁇ 2. At this time, ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2.
  • Navigation device 300 generates a map image that is bird's-eye view in the direction of a predetermined point of gaze from the viewpoint. That is, in the normal mode, the navigation device 300 generates a map image in which a three-dimensional map is viewed from the viewpoint VP11 to the gazing point VP12. In the short distance mode, the navigation device 300 generates a map image in which a three-dimensional map is viewed from the viewpoint VP21 toward the gazing point VP22.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure of the navigation device of this embodiment. Note that the flowchart shown in FIG. 5 is started when the navigation apparatus is powered on.
  • the navigation apparatus 300 of the present embodiment first detects the current position of the navigation apparatus 300 (step S501).
  • Step S501 is performed by the CPU 301 of the navigation device 300 executing a current position detection program stored in the ROM 302 or the like.
  • the navigation device 300 periodically detects the current position at a predetermined cycle (for example, one second cycle).
  • step S501 after detecting the current position, the navigation apparatus 300 determines whether or not a destination has been set (step S502). For example, the navigation apparatus 300 determines whether or not the destination is set by operating the input device 311 by the user.
  • step S502 If it is determined in step S502 that the destination has been set (step S502: Yes), the navigation device 300 searches for a route from the current position to the destination (step S503). For example, the CPU 301 of the navigation device 300 searches for a route to the destination by executing the route search program recorded in the ROM 302 or the like. If it is determined in step S502 that the destination is not set (step S502: No), the navigation apparatus 300 returns to step S501 and repeats the above process.
  • step S503 after the route from the current position to the destination is searched, the navigation apparatus 300 determines whether or not the distance from the current position to the next guide location on the route is equal to or smaller than a predetermined distance (Ste S504).
  • the navigation device 300 uses the current position information indicating the current position detected above, the route information of the searched route, and the 3D map information, from the current position to the guide point on the route. It is determined whether the distance is equal to or less than a predetermined distance.
  • the next guide point is a predetermined transit point (a destination when there is no transit point) such as a next turn point on the route.
  • step S504 If it is determined in step S504 that the distance to the next guide point is not less than or equal to the predetermined distance (step S504: No), the navigation device 300 determines that the standard mode viewpoint (that is, the viewpoint VP11 shown in FIG. 4). Is set (step S505).
  • the standard mode viewpoint that is, the viewpoint VP11 shown in FIG. 4
  • step S505 after setting the viewpoint, the navigation apparatus 300 sets a gaze point corresponding to the set viewpoint (that is, the viewpoint VP12 shown in FIG. 4) (step S506).
  • step S504 when it is determined in step S504 that the distance to the next guide point is equal to or less than the predetermined distance (step S504: Yes), the navigation device 300 displays the viewpoint in the short distance mode (that is, as shown in FIG. 4). Set the viewpoint VP21) (step S507).
  • step S507 after setting the viewpoint, the navigation apparatus 300 sets a gaze point corresponding to the set viewpoint (that is, the viewpoint VP22 shown in FIG. 4) (step S508).
  • the above steps S505 to S508 are performed by the CPU 301 of the navigation device 300 executing the viewpoint setting program stored in the ROM 302 or the like.
  • the navigation apparatus 300 adjusts the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object based on the set viewpoint and the gazing point (step S509). For example, the navigation apparatus 300 adjusts the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object so that the angle is within a predetermined range including 90 degrees with respect to the straight line (L1 or L2) connecting the set viewpoint and the gazing point. To do. Step S509 is performed by the CPU 301 of the navigation device 300 executing the arrangement angle adjustment program stored in the ROM 302 or the like.
  • step S509 after adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object, the navigation apparatus 300 generates a map image in which the three-dimensional map after adjusting the arrangement angle is viewed from the viewpoint to the direction of the gazing point (step S510).
  • Step S510 is performed by the CPU 301 of the navigation device 300 executing a map image generation program stored in the ROM 302 or the like.
  • step S510 after generating the map image, the navigation apparatus 300 displays the generated map image (step S511).
  • the CPU 301 of the navigation device 300 displays the map image by executing the above-described map image display program recorded in the ROM 302 or the like.
  • Step S511 is performed by the CPU 301 of the navigation device 300 executing a map image display program stored in the ROM 302 or the like.
  • step S511 after displaying the map image, the navigation apparatus 300 guides the user to the destination (guidance place) using the map image (step S512), and ends the series of processes.
  • the navigation device 300 returns the viewpoint to the viewpoint VP11 in the normal mode and guides to the guide place.
  • the navigation apparatus 300 sets a viewpoint to the viewpoint VP21 of short distance mode again.
  • FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram (part 1) illustrating a specific example of adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device of the present embodiment.
  • reference numeral 603 in FIG. 6 indicates a two-dimensional object 603 disposed on the reference plane 400. Note that reference numeral 603a in FIG. 6 is the display surface 603a of the two-dimensional object 603. On the display surface 603a, a predetermined pattern corresponding to the facility represented by the two-dimensional object 603 is displayed.
  • the navigation device 300 generates a map image in the normal mode. That is, the navigation device 300 generates a map image in which a three-dimensional map (such as the reference plane 400 and various objects arranged on the reference plane 400) is viewed from the viewpoint VP11 to the gazing point VP12.
  • a three-dimensional map such as the reference plane 400 and various objects arranged on the reference plane 400
  • the navigation apparatus 300 does not adjust the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object 603, and the default arrangement angle. Is used.
  • a predetermined angle for example, 45 degrees
  • FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram (part 2) illustrating a specific example of adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device of the present embodiment.
  • part 2 the same parts as those in FIG. 7
  • the navigation device 300 generates a map image in the short distance mode. That is, the navigation device 300 generates a map image in which a three-dimensional map (such as the reference plane 400 and various objects arranged on the reference plane 400) is viewed in the direction from the viewpoint VP21 to the gazing point VP22.
  • a three-dimensional map such as the reference plane 400 and various objects arranged on the reference plane 400
  • the navigation apparatus 300 of the present embodiment adjusts the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object 603 in the short distance mode. That is, the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object 603 is adjusted by rotating the two-dimensional object 603 in the direction indicated by the arrow 701 in FIG. Assuming that the rotation angle at this time is ⁇ 3, ⁇ 3 is, for example, the same angle as ⁇ 2 (not necessarily exactly the same).
  • the navigation apparatus 300 rotates the two-dimensional object 603 by ⁇ 3 so that the angle formed by L2 and the display surface 603a is an angle within a predetermined range including 90 degrees. Thereby, the navigation apparatus 300 generates a map image after adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object 603.
  • FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram (part 1) illustrating the rotation axis when adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device of the present embodiment.
  • the position of each facility is registered by points (coordinates).
  • a point 801 indicates the position of a certain police station.
  • the manufacturing side of the navigation apparatus 300 arranges the POI mark 802 that is a two-dimensional object with the point 801 as the center.
  • FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram (part 2) illustrating the rotation axis when adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device of the present embodiment.
  • the navigation apparatus 300 uses the axis 901 passing through the point 801 and crossing the POI mark 802 as the rotation axis. , Rotate a predetermined angle to adjust the arrangement angle.
  • FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram (part 3) illustrating the rotation axis when adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device of the present embodiment.
  • a point 1001 indicates the position of a police station similar to FIG. 8 (that is, the point 801 and the point 1001 are points on the same coordinate).
  • the manufacturing side of the navigation device 300 is such that the point 1001 is the lower end side in the longitudinal direction of the POI mark 1002 (and the central portion in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction).
  • the POI mark 1002 is arranged.
  • the point 801 and the point 1001 represent the same police station position, but how the POI mark is arranged with respect to the point 801 and the point 1001 (as in the POI mark 802). Arrangement or arrangement like the POI mark 1002) is arbitrarily set on the manufacturing side of the navigation apparatus 300.
  • FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram (part 4) illustrating a rotation axis when adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device of the present embodiment.
  • the navigation apparatus 300 passes through the point 1001 and the axis 1101 crosses the POI mark 1002.
  • the rotation angle is rotated by a predetermined angle to adjust the arrangement angle.
  • FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a specific display example of the navigation device of the present embodiment.
  • the specific display example of the navigation device of this embodiment shown in FIG. 12 is the short distance mode in the case where the distance from the current position of the vehicle on which the navigation device 300 is mounted to the guide point is equal to or less than a predetermined distance. Is a display example.
  • a map image 1200 around the current position of the navigation device 300 is displayed on the display 313 of the navigation device 300.
  • the display 313 displays various windows (for example, a guidance window 1210 that displays the distance to the guidance location, etc.).
  • reference numeral 1201 indicates a route 1201 set in the navigation device 300.
  • a guide place icon 1202 indicating a guide place is arranged.
  • reference numerals 1203 and 1204 are POI marks 1203 and 1204 which are two-dimensional objects.
  • the POI mark 1203 is a POI mark representing a convenience store.
  • the POI mark 1204 is a POI mark representing a gas station.
  • the navigation apparatus 300 adjusts the arrangement angle of the POI marks 1203 and 1204 when the short distance mode is set. Therefore, in the navigation device 300, even when the short distance mode is set, the display contents of the POI marks 1203 and 1204 around the current position are clearly visible, and the visibility is improved.
  • the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object can be adjusted according to the angle of the straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point with respect to the reference plane. Therefore, the visibility of the two-dimensional object is improved, and the convenience can be improved.
  • the display surface of the two-dimensional object has an angle within a predetermined range including 90 degrees with respect to a straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point.
  • the arrangement angle can be adjusted. As a result, the visibility of the two-dimensional object is further improved, and convenience can be improved.
  • the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object can be adjusted. it can.
  • the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object can be adjusted as necessary, the visibility of the two-dimensional object can be further improved, and convenience can be improved.
  • the arrangement angle of only a predetermined two-dimensional object (for example, only a POI mark representing a predetermined facility) can be adjusted.
  • the user can set only the desired POI mark as an adjustment target, improve the visibility of only the desired POI mark, and improve the convenience.
  • the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object can be adjusted according to the angle of the straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point with respect to the reference plane. Therefore, the visibility of the two-dimensional object is improved, and the convenience can be improved.
  • the navigation apparatus 300 selects one of the viewpoints according to the distance from the viewpoints VP11 and VP21 to the guide point. You may choose. Further, the viewpoint is not limited to the viewpoint VP11 and the viewpoint VP21, and an arbitrary viewpoint set by the user may be used.
  • the navigation apparatus 300 sets the gazing point VP32 of the viewpoint VP31 on the reference plane. Then, assuming that a straight line connecting the viewpoint VP31 and the gazing point VP32 is L3, the navigation device 300, when the angle of the L3 with respect to the reference plane is equal to or larger than a predetermined angle, is similar to the case shown in FIG. Adjust the placement angle of the dimensional object. At this time, as described above, the navigation device 300 rotates the two-dimensional object so that the angle formed by L3 and the display surface of the two-dimensional object is an angle within a predetermined range including 90 degrees.
  • the generation method described in the present embodiment can be realized by executing a program prepared in advance on a computer such as a personal computer or a workstation.
  • This program is recorded on a computer-readable recording medium such as a hard disk, a flexible disk, a CD-ROM, an MO, and a DVD, and is executed by being read from the recording medium by the computer.
  • the program may be a medium that can be distributed via a network such as the Internet.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Educational Administration (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Computer Graphics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Educational Technology (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Navigation (AREA)

Abstract

A map display (100) comprises a storage section (101), a viewpoint setting section (102), an adjustment section (103), a generating section (104), and a display section (105). The storage section (101) stores information on the three-dimensional map in which a two-dimensional object and a three-dimensional object are arranged. The viewpoint setting section (102) sets a viewpoint and point-of-regard. The adjustment section (103) adjusts the angle at which the two-dimensional object is arranged with respect to a reference surface according to the angle of a straight line connecting the viewpoint and the point-of-regard with respect to the reference surface of the three-dimensional map. The generating section (104) generates the map image in which the three-dimensional map after the adjustment of the arrangement angle is viewed in the direction from the viewpoint to the point-of-regard. The display section (105) displays the map information.

Description

地図表示装置、ナビゲーション装置、生成方法、地図画像生成プログラム、およびコンピュータに読み取り可能な記録媒体Map display device, navigation device, generation method, map image generation program, and computer-readable recording medium
　本発明は、三次元地図を鳥瞰した地図画像を表示する地図表示装置、ナビゲーション装置、生成方法、地図画像生成プログラム、およびコンピュータに読み取り可能な記録媒体に関する。 The present invention relates to a map display device, a navigation device, a generation method, a map image generation program, and a computer-readable recording medium that display a map image with a bird's eye view of a three-dimensional map.
　従来、ディスプレイに地図画像を表示し、当該地図画像を用いて、利用者を所望の目的地まで案内するナビゲーション装置がある。このようなナビゲーション装置には、三次元オブジェクトが配置された三次元の地図画像をディスプレイに表示し、立体的でリアル（本当の風景によく似た）な地図画像を用いて、利用者を案内するナビゲーション装置がある（たとえば、下記特許文献１を参照。）。 Conventionally, there is a navigation device that displays a map image on a display and guides a user to a desired destination using the map image. In such a navigation device, a three-dimensional map image on which a three-dimensional object is arranged is displayed on a display, and a user is guided using a three-dimensional and real (much like a real landscape) map image. (For example, refer to the following Patent Document 1).
特開２００３－２４１６５５号公報JP 2003-241655 A
　しかしながら、上記の従来技術にあっては、三次元地図の情報（以下、「三次元地図情報」という）をすべて三次元オブジェクトによって表現しようとすると、ナビゲーション装置が備える記録装置の限られた容量のなかで、三次元地図情報に占有される容量が肥大化してしまうという問題が一例として挙げられる。そこで、コンビニエンスストアやガソリンスタンドなどの所定の施設を表現する際には、三次元オブジェクトの代わりに、二次元オブジェクトであるＰＯＩ（Ｐｏｉｎｔ　ｏｆ　Ｉｎｔｅｒｅｓｔ）マークを用いることによって占有される容量をできる限り小さくする必要があった。 However, in the above prior art, if all the information of the 3D map (hereinafter referred to as “3D map information”) is expressed by the 3D object, the limited capacity of the recording device provided in the navigation device is limited. In particular, there is a problem that the capacity occupied by the three-dimensional map information is enlarged. Therefore, when expressing a predetermined facility such as a convenience store or a gas station, the space occupied by the POI (Point of Interest) mark, which is a two-dimensional object, is used instead of the three-dimensional object to make the occupied capacity as small as possible. There was a need to do.
　しかしながら、二次元オブジェクトを用いた場合には、所定の状況下において、当該二次元オブジェクトの視認性が著しく低下するという問題が一例として挙げられる。たとえば、ＰＯＩマークなどの二次元オブジェクトは、三次元地図における仮想的な地面（基準面）に対して、垂直に立てられた状態で配置される。このため、或る二次元オブジェクトに対し、当該二次元オブジェクトの真上付近の視点から鳥瞰した地図画像においては、当該二次元オブジェクトの表示内容が見にくくなるため、視認性が低下し、利便性に劣るという問題が一例として挙げられる。 However, when a two-dimensional object is used, there is an example of a problem that the visibility of the two-dimensional object is significantly lowered under a predetermined situation. For example, a two-dimensional object such as a POI mark is arranged in a state of being set up vertically with respect to a virtual ground (reference plane) in a three-dimensional map. For this reason, in a map image obtained by bird's-eye view of a certain two-dimensional object from a viewpoint immediately above the two-dimensional object, the display content of the two-dimensional object becomes difficult to see. One example is the problem of inferiority.
　上述した課題を解決し、目的を達成するため、請求項１に記載の地図表示装置は、二次元オブジェクトおよび三次元オブジェクトが配置された三次元地図の情報を記憶する記憶手段と、視点および注視点を設定する視点設定手段と、前記三次元地図の基準面に対する前記視点と前記注視点とを結んだ直線の角度に応じて、前記基準面に対する前記二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整する調整手段と、前記配置角度の調整後の三次元地図を前記視点から前記注視点の方向に鳥瞰した地図画像を生成する生成手段と、前記地図画像を表示する表示手段と、を備えることを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the map display device according to claim 1 includes a storage unit that stores information on a two-dimensional object and a three-dimensional map in which the three-dimensional object is arranged, a viewpoint, and a note. Viewpoint setting means for setting a viewpoint, and adjustment means for adjusting an arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object with respect to the reference plane according to an angle of a straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point with respect to the reference plane of the three-dimensional map And generating means for generating a map image obtained by bird's-eye view of the three-dimensional map after adjustment of the arrangement angle from the viewpoint to the direction of the gazing point, and display means for displaying the map image. .
　また、請求項７に記載のナビゲーション装置は、請求項１～６のいずれか一つに記載の地図表示装置を備えるナビゲーション装置であって、現在位置を検出する検出手段と、経路を設定する経路設定手段と、前記経路の案内を行なう案内手段と、をさらに備え、前記視点設定手段は、前記現在位置および前記経路上の案内地に応じて、前記視点および前記注視点を設定し、前記調整手段は、前記案内地付近に位置する前記二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整し、前記生成手段は、前記配置角度の調整後における前記案内地付近の三次元地図を前記視点から前記注視点の方向に鳥瞰した地図画像を生成し、前記表示手段は、前記地図画像を前記案内地の案内画像として表示することを特徴とする。 A navigation device according to a seventh aspect is a navigation device comprising the map display device according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein a detection means for detecting a current position and a route for setting a route are provided. Setting means; and guidance means for guiding the route, wherein the viewpoint setting means sets the viewpoint and the gazing point according to the current position and a guidance location on the route, and the adjustment. The means adjusts the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object located in the vicinity of the guidance area, and the generation means determines the three-dimensional map near the guidance area after the adjustment of the arrangement angle from the viewpoint to the direction of the gazing point. A map image with a bird's eye view is generated, and the display means displays the map image as a guide image of the guide place.
　また、請求項９に記載の生成方法は、二次元オブジェクトおよび三次元オブジェクトが配置された三次元地図を用いた地図画像の生成方法であって、視点および注視点を設定する視点設定工程と、前記三次元地図の基準面に対する前記視点と前記注視点とを結んだ直線の角度に応じて、前記基準面に対する前記二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整する調整工程と、前記配置角度の調整後の三次元地図を前記視点から前記注視点の方向に鳥瞰した地図画像を生成する生成工程と、を含むことを特徴とする。 The generation method according to claim 9 is a map image generation method using a 3D map in which a 2D object and a 3D object are arranged, and a viewpoint setting step of setting a viewpoint and a gaze point; An adjustment step of adjusting an arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object with respect to the reference plane according to an angle of a straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point with respect to the reference plane of the three-dimensional map; Generating a map image in which a three-dimensional map is bird's-eye view from the viewpoint to the direction of the gazing point.
　また、請求項１０に記載の地図画像生成プログラムは、請求項９に記載の生成方法をコンピュータに実行させることを特徴とする。 The map image generation program according to claim 10 causes the computer to execute the generation method according to claim 9.
　また、請求項１１に記載のコンピュータに読み取り可能な記録媒体は、請求項１０に記載の地図画像生成プログラムを記録したことを特徴とする。 Further, the computer-readable recording medium according to claim 11 records the map image generation program according to claim 10.
図１は、本発明の実施の形態にかかる地図表示装置の機能的構成を示すブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of a map display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 図２は、本発明の実施の形態にかかる地図表示装置の処理手順を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the map display device according to the embodiment of the present invention. 図３は、本実施例のナビゲーション装置のハードウェア構成を示すブロック図である。FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of the navigation apparatus according to the present embodiment. 図４は、本実施例のナビゲーション装置における視点および注視点の概要を示す説明図である。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an overview of viewpoints and gaze points in the navigation device of the present embodiment. 図５は、本実施例のナビゲーション装置の処理手順を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure of the navigation device of this embodiment. 図６は、本実施例のナビゲーション装置による二次元オブジェクトの具体的な配置角度調整例を示す説明図（その１）である。FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram (part 1) illustrating a specific example of adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device of the present embodiment. 図７は、本実施例のナビゲーション装置による二次元オブジェクトの具体的な配置角度調整例を示す説明図（その２）である。FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram (part 2) illustrating a specific example of adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device of the present embodiment. 図８は、本実施例のナビゲーション装置による二次元オブジェクトの配置角度調整時の回転軸を示す説明図（その１）である。FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram (part 1) illustrating the rotation axis when adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device of the present embodiment. 図９は、本実施例のナビゲーション装置による二次元オブジェクトの配置角度調整時の回転軸を示す説明図（その２）である。FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram (part 2) illustrating the rotation axis when adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device of the present embodiment. 図１０は、本実施例のナビゲーション装置による二次元オブジェクトの配置角度調整時の回転軸を示す説明図（その３）である。FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram (part 3) illustrating the rotation axis when adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device of the present embodiment. 図１１は、本実施例のナビゲーション装置による二次元オブジェクトの配置角度調整時の回転軸を示す説明図（その４）である。FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram (part 4) illustrating the rotation axis when adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device of the present embodiment. 図１２は、本実施例のナビゲーション装置の具体的な表示例を示す説明図である。FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a specific display example of the navigation device of the present embodiment.
符号の説明Explanation of symbols
　１００　地図表示装置
　１０１　記憶部
　１０２　視点設定部
　１０３　調整部
　１０４　生成部
　１０５　表示部
　１１０　ナビゲーション装置
　１１１　検出部
　１１２　経路設定部
　１１３　案内部
　３００　ナビゲーション装置 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Map display apparatus 101 Storage part 102 Viewpoint setting part 103 Adjustment part 104 Generation part 105 Display part 110 Navigation apparatus 111 Detection part 112 Route setting part 113 Guidance part 300 Navigation apparatus
　以下に添付図面を参照して、本発明にかかる地図表示装置、ナビゲーション装置、生成方法、地図画像生成プログラム、およびコンピュータに読み取り可能な記録媒体の好適な実施の形態を詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a map display device, a navigation device, a generation method, a map image generation program, and a computer-readable recording medium according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
（地図表示装置の機能的構成）
　まず、本発明の実施の形態にかかる地図表示装置の機能的構成について説明する。図１は、本発明の実施の形態にかかる地図表示装置の機能的構成を示すブロック図である。図１に示すように、地図表示装置１００は、記憶部１０１と、視点設定部１０２と、調整部１０３と、生成部１０４と、表示部１０５とを備える。 (Functional configuration of map display device)
First, the functional configuration of the map display device according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of a map display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the map display device 100 includes a storage unit 101, a viewpoint setting unit 102, an adjustment unit 103, a generation unit 104, and a display unit 105.
　記憶部１０１は、二次元オブジェクトおよび三次元オブジェクトが配置された三次元地図情報を記憶する機能を有する。ここで、二次元オブジェクトとは、所定の施設をあらわすＰＯＩマークや、信号機や、道路標識など、二次元のＣＧ（Ｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｒ　Ｇｒａｐｈｉｃｓ）によって表現されるものである。また、ここで、三次元オブジェクトとは、建物などの地物（の形状）をあらわすポリゴン（群）など、三次元のＣＧによって表現されるものである。 The storage unit 101 has a function of storing 3D map information in which 2D objects and 3D objects are arranged. Here, the two-dimensional object is expressed by two-dimensional CG (Computer Graphics) such as a POI mark representing a predetermined facility, a traffic light, and a road sign. Here, the three-dimensional object is represented by a three-dimensional CG such as a polygon (group) representing a feature (shape) such as a building.
　すなわち、三次元地図情報とは、所定の基準面（たとえば、実際の地面に該当）上の所定の位置に、上記の二次元オブジェクトや三次元オブジェクト（たとえば、実際の建物などに該当）が配置されて構成された地図をあらわす情報である。ここで、三次元地図情報には、二次元オブジェクトおよび三次元オブジェクトの双方が含まれているが、これは、前述したように、三次元地図情報において、すべての地物を、三次元オブジェクトを用いてあらわすと、占有される要領が肥大化するためである。また、たとえば、コンビニエンスストアなどの所定の種別の施設をあらわす際には、その施設の形状よりも、その系列などの情報の方が利用者にとって有益な情報となる。 In other words, 3D map information means that the above-described 2D object or 3D object (for example, an actual building) is placed at a predetermined position on a predetermined reference plane (for example, an actual ground). This is information that represents a map that has been configured. Here, the 3D map information includes both a 2D object and a 3D object. As described above, this means that all the features in the 3D map information are represented as 3D objects. This is because when it is used, the point occupied is enlarged. Further, for example, when a predetermined type of facility such as a convenience store is represented, information such as the series is more useful to the user than the shape of the facility.
　このため、地図表示装置１００においては、所定の施設などは二次元オブジェクトを用いることによって、当該施設の三次元オブジェクトの代わりとする。たとえば、記憶部１０１は、磁気ディスク、および当該磁気ディスクへの読み込み／書き込みをおこなう磁気ディスクドライブなどによって実現される。 Therefore, in the map display device 100, a predetermined facility or the like is replaced with a three-dimensional object of the facility by using a two-dimensional object. For example, the storage unit 101 is realized by a magnetic disk and a magnetic disk drive that performs reading / writing on the magnetic disk.
　視点設定部１０２は、視点および注視点を設定する機能を有する。ここで、視点および注視点は、三次元地図情報中の所定の点（座標）である。なお、注視点は、視点を基準面上に投影した点である。視点設定部１０２は、たとえば、所定の設定値を用いて（所定の位置に）、視点および注視点を設定する。また、視点設定部１０２は、各種入力デバイスによってユーザの操作を受け付け、当該操作に基づいて、視点および注視点（の位置など）を設定してもよい。たとえば、視点設定部１０２は、あらかじめ用意されたプログラムをコンピュータ装置によって実行させることによって実現される。 The viewpoint setting unit 102 has a function of setting a viewpoint and a gazing point. Here, the viewpoint and the gazing point are predetermined points (coordinates) in the three-dimensional map information. Note that the gazing point is a point obtained by projecting the viewpoint onto the reference plane. The viewpoint setting unit 102 sets the viewpoint and the gazing point using, for example, a predetermined setting value (at a predetermined position). In addition, the viewpoint setting unit 102 may receive a user's operation using various input devices, and may set a viewpoint and a gazing point (such as a position thereof) based on the operation. For example, the viewpoint setting unit 102 is realized by causing a computer device to execute a program prepared in advance.
　調整部１０３は、三次元地図の基準面に対する視点と注視点とを結んだ直線の角度に応じて、基準面に対する二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整する機能を有する。ここで、基準面とは、三次元地図において、高さが一定の面（たとえば、地面（地面に高さが設定されていない場合）や、海抜が０となる面）などである。 The adjusting unit 103 has a function of adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object with respect to the reference plane according to the angle of the straight line connecting the viewpoint with respect to the reference plane of the 3D map and the gazing point. Here, the reference plane is a plane having a constant height (for example, the ground (when the height is not set on the ground) or the plane where the sea level is 0) in the three-dimensional map.
　たとえば、調整部１０３は、二次元オブジェクトにおける表示面が視点と注視点とを結んだ直線に対して９０度を含む所定範囲内の角度になるように二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整する。ここで、表示面とは、表示内容が表示される面（たとえば、ＰＯＩマークにおける所定の絵柄が表示される面）である。調整部１０３は、二次元オブジェクトの配置位置に応じた軸に沿って当該二次元オブジェクトを所定角度分回転させることで配置角度を調整する。 For example, the adjustment unit 103 adjusts the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object so that the display surface of the two-dimensional object becomes an angle within a predetermined range including 90 degrees with respect to a straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point. Here, the display surface is a surface on which display content is displayed (for example, a surface on which a predetermined pattern in the POI mark is displayed). The adjustment unit 103 adjusts the arrangement angle by rotating the two-dimensional object by a predetermined angle along an axis corresponding to the arrangement position of the two-dimensional object.
　また、たとえば、調整部１０３は、三次元地図の基準面に対する視点と注視点とを結んだ直線の角度が所定角度以上の場合に、二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整することとしてもよいし、特定の種別の二次元オブジェクトのみの配置角度を調整することとしてもよい。ここで、特定の種別の二次元オブジェクトは、地図表示装置１００の製造者によってあらかじめ設定された所定の種別の二次元オブジェクトであってもよいし、地図表示装置１００の利用者によって設定された任意の種別の二次元オブジェクトであってもよい。 Further, for example, the adjustment unit 103 may adjust the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object when the angle of the straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point with respect to the reference plane of the three-dimensional map is a predetermined angle or more. The arrangement angle of only a specific type of two-dimensional object may be adjusted. Here, the two-dimensional object of a specific type may be a two-dimensional object of a predetermined type set in advance by the manufacturer of the map display device 100, or an arbitrary one set by the user of the map display device 100 It may be a two-dimensional object of the type.
　なお、視点と注視点とを結んだ直線の角度については図４を用いて後述するため、ここでの詳細な説明は省略する。たとえば、調整部１０３は、あらかじめ用意されたプログラムをコンピュータ装置によって実行させることによって実現される。 Note that the angle of the straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point will be described later with reference to FIG. For example, the adjustment unit 103 is realized by causing a computer device to execute a program prepared in advance.
　生成部１０４は、配置角度の調整後の三次元地図を視点から注視点の方向に鳥瞰した地図画像を生成する機能を有する。すなわち、生成部１０４は、調整部１０３によって二次元オブジェクトの配置角度が調整された後の三次元地図を、視点から注視点の方向に鳥瞰した地図画像を生成する。生成部１０４は、あらかじめ用意されたプログラムをコンピュータ装置によって実行させることによって実現される。 The generation unit 104 has a function of generating a map image in which the three-dimensional map after adjustment of the arrangement angle is viewed from the viewpoint to the direction of the gazing point. That is, the generation unit 104 generates a map image in which the three-dimensional map after the adjustment angle of the two-dimensional object is adjusted by the adjustment unit 103 is bird's-eye view from the viewpoint to the direction of the gazing point. The generation unit 104 is realized by causing a computer device to execute a program prepared in advance.
　表示部１０５は、地図画像を表示する機能を有する。たとえば、表示部１０５は、生成部１０４によって生成された地図画像を、各種ディスプレイなどに表示する。たとえば、表示部１０５は、液晶ディスプレイ、プラズマディスプレイなどによって実現される。 The display unit 105 has a function of displaying a map image. For example, the display unit 105 displays the map image generated by the generation unit 104 on various displays. For example, the display unit 105 is realized by a liquid crystal display, a plasma display, or the like.
　また、上記の地図表示装置１００は、ナビゲーション装置１１０の一部として設けられてもよい。ここで、ナビゲーション装置１１０は、上記の地図表示装置１００と、検出部１１１と、経路設定部１１２と、案内部１１３を備える。 Further, the map display device 100 may be provided as a part of the navigation device 110. Here, the navigation device 110 includes the map display device 100, a detection unit 111, a route setting unit 112, and a guide unit 113.
　検出部１１１は、ナビゲーション装置１１０（ナビゲーション装置１１０を搭載した移動体）の現在位置を検出する機能を有する。たとえば、検出部１１１は、ＧＰＳ（Ｇｌｏｂａｌ　Ｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎｉｎｇ　Ｓｙｓｔｅｍ）ユニットなどによって実現される。 The detection unit 111 has a function of detecting the current position of the navigation device 110 (a mobile body equipped with the navigation device 110). For example, the detection unit 111 is realized by a GPS (Global Positioning System) unit or the like.
　経路設定部１１２は、経路を設定する機能を有する。たとえば、経路設定部１１２は、利用者によって入力された目的地までの経路を、ダイクストラ法などを用いて探索し、探索された経路を設定する。経路設定部１１２は、たとえば、あらかじめ用意されたプログラムをコンピュータに実行させることによって実現される。 The route setting unit 112 has a function of setting a route. For example, the route setting unit 112 searches for a route to the destination input by the user using the Dijkstra method and sets the searched route. The route setting unit 112 is realized, for example, by causing a computer to execute a program prepared in advance.
　案内部１１３は、経路の案内をおこなう機能を有する。たとえば、案内部１１３は、探索された経路を利用者に案内する各種案内情報を生成し、当該案内情報を表示部１０５に表示することによって、経路の案内をおこなう。ここで、案内情報とは、たとえば、探索された経路を線状にして表現した情報などである。案内部１１３は、あらかじめ用意されたプログラムをコンピュータ装置によって実行させることによって実現される。 The guidance unit 113 has a function of guiding a route. For example, the guide unit 113 guides the route by generating various types of guide information for guiding the searched route to the user and displaying the guide information on the display unit 105. Here, the guidance information is, for example, information expressing the searched route as a line. The guide unit 113 is realized by causing a computer device to execute a program prepared in advance.
　地図表示装置１００がナビゲーション装置１１０の一部として設けられた場合に、その視点設定部１０２は、たとえば、現在位置および経路上の案内地に応じて、視点および注視点を設定する。ここで、案内地とは、たとえば、経路上の所定の経由地（たとえば、設定された経路における右左折ポイントや、利用者によって経由地として設定された任意の地点）である。 When the map display device 100 is provided as a part of the navigation device 110, the viewpoint setting unit 102 sets a viewpoint and a gazing point in accordance with, for example, the current position and the guidance point on the route. Here, the guidance location is, for example, a predetermined waypoint on the route (for example, a right or left turn point on the set route or an arbitrary point set as a waypoint by the user).
　また、このとき、調整部１０３は、案内地付近に位置する二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整する。たとえば、調整部１０３は、現在位置および案内地との距離に応じて、三次元地図の基準面に対する視点と注視点とを結んだ直線の角度が異なる視点および注視点を設定する。 Also, at this time, the adjustment unit 103 adjusts the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object located near the guide point. For example, the adjustment unit 103 sets a viewpoint and a gazing point in which the angles of the straight lines connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point with respect to the reference plane of the three-dimensional map are different according to the current position and the distance from the guide point.
　そして、生成部１０４は、配置角度の調整後における案内地付近の三次元地図を視点から注視点の方向に鳥瞰した地図画像を生成し、表示部１０５は、地図画像を案内地の案内画像として表示する。ここで、案内画像とは、たとえば、ナビゲーション装置１１０の現在位置が案内地周辺となった場合に、当該案内地を案内するために表示部１０５に表示される画像である。 Then, the generation unit 104 generates a map image obtained by bird's-eye view of the three-dimensional map in the vicinity of the guidance location after adjusting the arrangement angle from the viewpoint to the direction of the gazing point, and the display unit 105 uses the map image as the guidance image of the guidance location. indicate. Here, for example, when the current position of the navigation device 110 is around the guidance location, the guidance image is an image displayed on the display unit 105 to guide the guidance location.
（地図表示装置の処理手順）
　つぎに、本発明の実施の形態にかかる地図表示装置１００の処理手順について説明する。図２は、本発明の実施の形態にかかる地図表示装置の処理手順を示すフローチャートである。なお、図２に示すフローチャートは、たとえば、地図表示装置１００の電源がオンとされた場合に開始される。 (Processing procedure of the map display device)
Below, the process sequence of the map display apparatus 100 concerning embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the map display device according to the embodiment of the present invention. The flowchart shown in FIG. 2 is started, for example, when the map display device 100 is powered on.
　図２に示すように、地図表示装置１００は、まず、視点および注視点を設定する（ステップＳ２０１）。具体的には、地図表示装置１００は、視点設定部１０２によって、所定の設定値や利用者による操作に基づいて、視点および注視点を設定する。 As shown in FIG. 2, the map display device 100 first sets a viewpoint and a gazing point (step S201). Specifically, the map display device 100 sets the viewpoint and the gazing point by the viewpoint setting unit 102 based on a predetermined setting value or an operation by the user.
　ステップＳ２０１において、視点および注視点を設定したのち、地図表示装置１００は、二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整する（ステップＳ２０２）。具体的には、地図表示装置１００は、調整部１０３によって、三次元地図の基準面に対する視点と注視点とを結んだ角度に応じて、基準面に対する二次元オブジェクト（たとえば、コンビニエンスストアなどのＰＯＩマークなど）の配置角度を調整する。 In step S201, after setting the viewpoint and the gazing point, the map display device 100 adjusts the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object (step S202). Specifically, the map display device 100 uses the adjustment unit 103 to change a two-dimensional object (for example, a POI such as a convenience store) with respect to the reference plane according to an angle connecting the viewpoint with respect to the reference plane of the three-dimensional map and the gaze point. Adjust the placement angle of the mark.
　ステップＳ２０２において、二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整したのち、地図表示装置１００は、配置角度の調整後の地図画像を生成する（ステップＳ２０３）。具体的には、地図表示装置１００は、生成部１０４によって、調整部１０３によって配置角度が調整された後の地図画像を生成する。 In step S202, after adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object, the map display device 100 generates a map image after adjusting the arrangement angle (step S203). Specifically, the map display apparatus 100 generates a map image after the arrangement angle is adjusted by the adjustment unit 103 by the generation unit 104.
　ステップＳ２０３において、地図画像を生成したのち、地図表示装置１００は、生成された地図画像を表示し（ステップＳ２０４）、一連の処理を終了する。具体的には、地図表示装置１００は、表示部１０５によって、生成部１０４によって生成された地図画像を表示し、一連の処理を終了する。 In step S203, after generating the map image, the map display device 100 displays the generated map image (step S204), and ends the series of processes. Specifically, the map display device 100 causes the display unit 105 to display the map image generated by the generation unit 104 and ends a series of processes.
　以上に説明したように、本発明の実施の形態にかかる地図表示装置１００によれば、視点と注視点とを結んだ直線の基準面に対する角度に応じて、二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整することができる。これによって、二次元オブジェクトの視認性が向上し、利便性の向上を図ることができる。 As described above, according to the map display device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object is adjusted according to the angle of the straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point with respect to the reference plane. be able to. Thereby, the visibility of the two-dimensional object is improved, and the convenience can be improved.
　また、本実施の形態の地図表示装置１００によれば、二次元オブジェクトにおける表示面が視点と注視点とを結んだ直線に対して９０度を含む所定範囲内の角度となるように、二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整することができる。これによって、二次元オブジェクトの視認性が一層と向上し、利便性の向上を図ることができる。 Further, according to the map display device 100 of the present embodiment, the two-dimensional object is displayed so that the display surface of the two-dimensional object has an angle within a predetermined range including 90 degrees with respect to the straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point. The arrangement angle of the object can be adjusted. As a result, the visibility of the two-dimensional object is further improved, and convenience can be improved.
　さらに、本実施の形態の地図表示装置１００によれば、三次元地図の基準面に対する視点と注視点とを結んだ直線の角度が所定角度以上の場合に、二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整することができる。これによって、必要に応じて、二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整するため、二次元オブジェクトの視認性が一層と向上し、利便性の向上を図ることができる。 Furthermore, according to the map display device 100 of the present embodiment, the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object is adjusted when the angle of the straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point with respect to the reference plane of the three-dimensional map is a predetermined angle or more. be able to. Thereby, since the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object is adjusted as necessary, the visibility of the two-dimensional object is further improved and the convenience can be improved.
　そして、本実施の形態の地図表示装置１００によれば、二次元オブジェクトの配置位置に応じた軸に沿って当該二次元オブジェクトを所定角度分回転させることで配置角度を調整することができる。これによって、所定の軸に沿って二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整するため、二次元オブジェクトの視認性が一層と向上し、利便性の向上を図ることができる。 And according to the map display device 100 of the present embodiment, the arrangement angle can be adjusted by rotating the two-dimensional object by a predetermined angle along the axis corresponding to the arrangement position of the two-dimensional object. Thereby, since the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object is adjusted along a predetermined axis, the visibility of the two-dimensional object is further improved, and the convenience can be improved.
　また、本実施の形態の地図表示装置１００によれば、所定の二次元オブジェクトのみ（たとえば、所定の施設をあらわすＰＯＩマークのみ）の配置角度を調整することができる。これによって、たとえば、利用者が所望する二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整するため、利便性の向上を一層図ることができる。 Moreover, according to the map display device 100 of the present embodiment, the arrangement angle of only a predetermined two-dimensional object (for example, only a POI mark representing a predetermined facility) can be adjusted. Thereby, for example, since the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object desired by the user is adjusted, the convenience can be further improved.
　つぎに、前述した実施の形態にかかる地図表示装置１００の実施例について説明する。本実施例は、前述した実施の形態にかかる地図表示装置１００を、車両（二輪・四輪を含む）などに搭載されたナビゲーション装置に適用した場合の例である。 Next, an example of the map display device 100 according to the above-described embodiment will be described. In this example, the map display device 100 according to the above-described embodiment is applied to a navigation device mounted on a vehicle (including two wheels and four wheels).
（ナビゲーション装置のハードウェア構成）
　まず、図３を用いて、本実施例のナビゲーション装置のハードウェア構成について説明する。図３は、本実施例のナビゲーション装置のハードウェア構成を示すブロック図である。 (Hardware configuration of navigation device)
First, the hardware configuration of the navigation apparatus of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of the navigation apparatus according to the present embodiment.
　図３に示すように、ナビゲーション装置３００は、ＣＰＵ３０１と、ＲＯＭ３０２と、ＲＡＭ３０３と、磁気ディスクドライブ３０４と、磁気ディスク３０５と、光ディスクドライブ３０６と、光ディスク３０７と、音声Ｉ／Ｆ（インターフェース）３０８と、マイク３０９と、スピーカ３１０と、入力デバイス３１１と、映像Ｉ／Ｆ３１２と、ディスプレイ３１３と、通信Ｉ／Ｆ３１４と、ＧＰＳユニット３１５と、各種センサ３１６と、を備えている。また、各構成部３０１～３１６はバス３２０によってそれぞれ接続されている。 As shown in FIG. 3, the navigation apparatus 300 includes a CPU 301, a ROM 302, a RAM 303, a magnetic disk drive 304, a magnetic disk 305, an optical disk drive 306, an optical disk 307, and an audio I / F (interface) 308. , A microphone 309, a speaker 310, an input device 311, a video I / F 312, a display 313, a communication I / F 314, a GPS unit 315, and various sensors 316. Further, the respective components 301 to 316 are connected by a bus 320, respectively.
　まず、ＣＰＵ３０１は、ナビゲーション装置３００の全体の制御を司る。ＲＯＭ３０２には、ブートプログラム、現在位置検出プログラム、経路探索プログラム、経路案内プログラム、音声生成プログラム、視点設定プログラム、配置角度調整プログラム、地図画像生成プログラム、地図画像表示プログラムなどの各種プログラムが記録されている。なお、これらの各種プログラムは、ＲＯＭ３０２のほか、後述する磁気ディスク３０５や光ディスク３０７などの不揮発性メモリに記録されてもよい。また、ＲＡＭ３０３は、ＣＰＵ３０１のワークエリアとして使用される。 First, the CPU 301 governs overall control of the navigation device 300. The ROM 302 stores various programs such as a boot program, a current position detection program, a route search program, a route guidance program, a voice generation program, a viewpoint setting program, an arrangement angle adjustment program, a map image generation program, and a map image display program. Yes. In addition to the ROM 302, these various programs may be recorded in a nonvolatile memory such as a magnetic disk 305 and an optical disk 307 described later. The RAM 303 is used as a work area for the CPU 301.
　すなわち、ＣＰＵ３０１は、ＲＡＭ３０３をワークエリアとして使用しながら、ＲＯＭ３０２などに記録された各種プログラムを実行することによって、ナビゲーション装置３００の全体の制御を司る。現在位置検出プログラムは、たとえば、後述するＧＰＳユニット３１５および各種センサ３１６の出力情報に基づいて、ナビゲーション装置３００の現在位置を検出させる。 That is, the CPU 301 controls the entire navigation device 300 by executing various programs recorded in the ROM 302 or the like while using the RAM 303 as a work area. The current position detection program detects the current position of the navigation device 300 based on, for example, output information from a GPS unit 315 and various sensors 316 described later.
　経路探索プログラムは、後述する磁気ディスク３０５または光ディスク３０７に記録された三次元地図情報などを利用して、出発地（たとえば、ナビゲーション装置３００の現在位置）から目的地までの最適な経路や、当該最適な経路を外れた場合の迂回経路を探索させる。ここで、最適な経路とは、目的地までのコスト（所要時間など）が最小の経路や搭乗者が指定した条件にもっとも合致する経路などである。経路探索プログラムは、公知の技術のため詳細な説明は省略するが、ダイクストラ法などを利用して、最適な経路を探索させる。経路探索プログラムを実行することによって探索された経路の経路情報は、ＣＰＵ３０１を介して音声Ｉ／Ｆ３０８や映像Ｉ／Ｆ３１２へ出力される。 The route search program uses, for example, three-dimensional map information recorded on a magnetic disk 305 or an optical disk 307, which will be described later, and an optimal route from the departure point (for example, the current position of the navigation device 300) to the destination, A detour route is searched when the optimum route is deviated. Here, the optimum route is a route that has the lowest cost (such as required time) to the destination or a route that best meets the conditions specified by the passenger. Since the route search program is a known technique, a detailed description thereof is omitted, but an optimal route is searched using the Dijkstra method or the like. The route information of the route searched by executing the route search program is output to the audio I / F 308 and the video I / F 312 via the CPU 301.
　経路案内プログラムは、経路探索プログラムを実行することによって探索された経路の経路情報、現在位置検出プログラムを実行することによって検出されたナビゲーション装置３００の現在位置の現在位置情報、磁気ディスク３０５または光ディスク３０７から読み出された三次元地図情報に基づいて、リアルタイムな経路案内情報の生成をおこなわせる。経路案内プログラムを実行することによって生成された経路案内情報は、ＣＰＵ３０１を介して音声Ｉ／Ｆ３０８や映像Ｉ／Ｆ３１２へ出力される。 The route guidance program includes route information of a route searched by executing the route search program, current position information of the current position of the navigation device 300 detected by executing the current position detection program, the magnetic disk 305 or the optical disk 307. Based on the three-dimensional map information read out from, real-time route guidance information is generated. The route guidance information generated by executing the route guidance program is output to the audio I / F 308 and the video I / F 312 via the CPU 301.
　音声生成プログラムは、パターンに対応したトーンと音声の情報を生成させる。すなわち、経路案内プログラムを実行することによって生成された経路案内情報に基づいて、案内ポイントに対応した仮想音源の設定と音声案内情報の生成をおこなわせる。音声案内情報には、たとえば、右左折地点を経路通りに右左折すべき旨の警報、右左折地点の手前で減速すべき旨の警報、右左折し損なった場合の迂回経路についての情報や、右左折し損なった場合に引き返すべき旨の案内情報が含まれる。生成された音声案内情報は、ＣＰＵ３０１を介して音声Ｉ／Ｆ３０８へ出力される。 The voice generation program generates tone and voice information corresponding to the pattern. That is, based on the route guidance information generated by executing the route guidance program, the virtual sound source corresponding to the guidance point is set and the voice guidance information is generated. The voice guidance information includes, for example, an alarm indicating that a right / left turn point should be turned right and left according to the route, an alarm indicating that the vehicle should decelerate before the right / left turn point, information on a detour route when the right / left turn fails, Guidance information to the effect that it should be turned back if it fails to turn right or left is included. The generated voice guidance information is output to the voice I / F 308 via the CPU 301.
　視点設定プログラムは、現在位置検出プログラムによって検出された現在位置の現在位置情報、経路案内プログラムによって生成された経路案内情報などを利用して、三次元地図を鳥瞰する視点および当該視点に対応する注視点の設定をおこなわせる。視点設定プログラムは、たとえば、ナビゲーション装置３００の現在位置と、案内中の経路上の案内地との位置関係に応じて、あらかじめ設定された複数の視点のなかから、所定の視点および当該視点に対応する注視点の設定をおこなわせる。視点設定プログラムを実行することによって設定された視点および注視点は、後述する地図画像生成プログラムの実行時に利用される。 The viewpoint setting program uses the current position information of the current position detected by the current position detection program, the route guidance information generated by the route guidance program, etc. Set the viewpoint. The viewpoint setting program corresponds to, for example, a predetermined viewpoint and the viewpoint from among a plurality of preset viewpoints according to the positional relationship between the current position of the navigation device 300 and the guidance location on the route being guided. Set the gazing point to be performed. The viewpoint and the gazing point set by executing the viewpoint setting program are used when a map image generation program described later is executed.
　配置角度調整プログラムは、三次元地図情報中の二次元オブジェクトの配置角度の調整をおこなわせる。具体的には、配置角度調整プログラムは、視点設定プログラムを実行することによって設定された視点と注視点とを結んだ直線の角度に応じて、基準面に対する二次元オブジェクトの配置角度の調整をおこなわせる。配置角度調整プログラムを実行することによって調整された調整結果は、地図画像生成プログラムの実行時に利用される。 The arrangement angle adjustment program can adjust the arrangement angle of 2D objects in 3D map information. Specifically, the arrangement angle adjustment program adjusts the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object with respect to the reference plane according to the angle of the straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point set by executing the viewpoint setting program. Make it. The adjustment result adjusted by executing the arrangement angle adjustment program is used when the map image generation program is executed.
　地図画像生成プログラムは、磁気ディスク３０５に記憶された三次元地図情報、視点設定プログラムを実行することによって設定された視点および注視点、配置角度調整プログラムを実行することによって調整された調整結果などを利用して、三次元地図を設定された視点から注視点の方向に鳥瞰した地図画像の生成をおこなわせる。 The map image generation program includes the three-dimensional map information stored in the magnetic disk 305, the viewpoint and gazing point set by executing the viewpoint setting program, the adjustment result adjusted by executing the arrangement angle adjustment program, and the like. By using this, a 3D map is generated in a bird's eye view from the set viewpoint to the direction of the gazing point.
　地図画像表示プログラムは、地図画像生成プログラムを実行することによって生成された地図画像などを映像Ｉ／Ｆ３１２を介してディスプレイ３１３に表示させる。また、たとえば、地図画像表示プログラムは、ナビゲーション装置３００の現在位置周辺の地図画像をディスプレイ３１３に表示させる。また、地図画像表示プログラムは、たとえば、搭乗者によって指定された任意の位置周辺の地図画像をディスプレイ３１３に表示させてもよい。 The map image display program displays the map image generated by executing the map image generation program on the display 313 via the video I / F 312. For example, the map image display program causes the display 313 to display a map image around the current position of the navigation device 300. The map image display program may display a map image around an arbitrary position designated by the passenger on the display 313, for example.
　磁気ディスクドライブ３０４は、ＣＰＵ３０１の制御にしたがって磁気ディスク３０５に対するデータの読み取り／書き込みを制御する。磁気ディスク３０５には、磁気ディスクドライブ３０４の制御で書き込まれたデータが記録される。磁気ディスク３０５としては、たとえば、ＨＤやＦＤ（フレキシブルディスク）を用いることができる。 The magnetic disk drive 304 controls the reading / writing of the data with respect to the magnetic disk 305 according to control of CPU301. Data written under the control of the magnetic disk drive 304 is recorded on the magnetic disk 305. As the magnetic disk 305, for example, HD or FD (flexible disk) can be used.
　光ディスクドライブ３０６は、ＣＰＵ３０１の制御にしたがって光ディスク３０７に対するデータの読み取り／書き込みを制御する。光ディスク３０７は、光ディスクドライブ３０６の制御にしたがってデータの読み出される着脱自在な記録媒体である。光ディスク３０７としては、たとえば、ＣＤ（Ｃｏｍｐａｃｔ　Ｄｉｓｃ）、ＤＶＤを用いることができる。光ディスク３０７は、書き込み可能な記録媒体を利用することもできる。また、この着脱可能な記録媒体は、光ディスク３０７のほか、ＭＯ（Ｍａｇｎｅｔｏ　Ｏｐｔｉｃａｌ　Ｄｉｓｋ）、メモリカードなどであってもよい。 The optical disc drive 306 controls reading / writing of data with respect to the optical disc 307 according to the control of the CPU 301. The optical disk 307 is a detachable recording medium from which data is read according to the control of the optical disk drive 306. As the optical disc 307, for example, a CD (Compact Disc) or a DVD can be used. As the optical disc 307, a writable recording medium can be used. In addition to the optical disk 307, the removable recording medium may be an MO (Magneto Optical Disk), a memory card, or the like.
　磁気ディスク３０５または光ディスク３０７に記録される情報の一例として、経路探索・経路案内などに用いる三次元地図情報が挙げられる。三次元地図情報は、建物、河川、地点表面などの地物（フィーチャ）をあらわす背景データや、道路の形状をあらわす道路形状データなどを有しており、ディスプレイ３１３の表示画面において３次元に描画される。 As an example of information recorded on the magnetic disk 305 or the optical disk 307, there is 3D map information used for route search / route guidance. The three-dimensional map information includes background data representing features (features) such as buildings, rivers, and point surfaces, road shape data representing road shapes, and the like, and is drawn in three dimensions on the display screen of the display 313. Is done.
　道路形状データは、さらに交通条件データを有する。交通条件データには、たとえば、各ノードについて、信号や横断歩道などの有無、高速道路の出入口やジャンクションの有無、各リンクについての長さ（距離）、道幅、進行方向、道路種別（高速道路、有料道路、一般道路）などの情報が含まれている。 The road shape data further has traffic condition data. The traffic condition data includes, for example, whether or not there are traffic lights or pedestrian crossings, highway entrances or junctions, length (distance) for each link, road width, direction of travel, road type (highway, Information on toll roads and general roads).
　また、交通条件データには、過去の渋滞情報を、季節・曜日・大型連休・時刻などを基準に統計処理した過去渋滞情報を記録している。ナビゲーション装置３００は、後述する通信Ｉ／Ｆ３１４によって受信される道路交通情報によって現在発生している渋滞の情報を得るが、過去渋滞情報により、指定した時刻における渋滞状況の予測をおこなうことが可能となる。 In the traffic condition data, past traffic information is recorded by statistically processing past traffic information based on seasons, days of the week, large holidays, and times. The navigation device 300 obtains information on the traffic jam that is currently occurring from road traffic information received by the communication I / F 314 described later, and can predict the traffic jam situation at a specified time by using the past traffic jam information. Become.
　なお、本実施例では三次元地図情報を磁気ディスク３０５または光ディスク３０７に記録することとしたが、これらに限るものではない。三次元地図情報は、ナビゲーション装置３００のハードウェアと一体に設けられているものに限って記録されているものではなく、ナビゲーション装置３００の外部に設けられていてもよい。この場合には、ナビゲーション装置３００は、たとえば、通信Ｉ／Ｆ３１４を介して接続された外部のコンピュータ装置から三次元地図情報を取得する。取得された三次元地図情報はＲＡＭ３０３や磁気ディスク３０５などに記録され、必要に応じて読み出される。 In this embodiment, the three-dimensional map information is recorded on the magnetic disk 305 or the optical disk 307. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The three-dimensional map information is not recorded only on information provided integrally with the hardware of the navigation device 300, and may be provided outside the navigation device 300. In this case, the navigation device 300 acquires 3D map information from an external computer device connected via the communication I / F 314, for example. The acquired 3D map information is recorded in the RAM 303, the magnetic disk 305, etc., and is read out as necessary.
　音声Ｉ／Ｆ３０８は、音声入力用のマイク３０９および音声出力用のスピーカ３１０に接続される。マイク３０９に受音された音声は、音声Ｉ／Ｆ３０８内でＡ／Ｄ変換される。また、スピーカ３１０からは音声が出力される。なお、マイク３０９から入力された音声は、音声データとして磁気ディスク３０５あるいは光ディスク３０７に記録可能である。 The voice I / F 308 is connected to a microphone 309 for voice input and a speaker 310 for voice output. The sound received by the microphone 309 is A / D converted in the sound I / F 308. In addition, sound is output from the speaker 310. Note that the sound input from the microphone 309 can be recorded on the magnetic disk 305 or the optical disk 307 as sound data.
　入力デバイス３１１は、文字、数値、各種指示などの入力のための複数のキーを備えたリモコン、キーボード、マウス、タッチパネルなどが挙げられる。入力デバイス３１１は、搭乗者によって選択されたキーに対応するデータを装置内部へ入力する。 The input device 311 may be a remote controller, a keyboard, a mouse, a touch panel, etc. provided with a plurality of keys for inputting characters, numerical values, various instructions, and the like. The input device 311 inputs data corresponding to the key selected by the passenger into the apparatus.
　映像Ｉ／Ｆ３１２は、ディスプレイ３１３と接続される。映像Ｉ／Ｆ３１２は、具体的には、たとえば、ディスプレイ３１３全体の制御をおこなうグラフィックコントローラと、即時表示可能な画像情報を一時的に記録するＶＲＡＭ（Ｖｉｄｅｏ　ＲＡＭ）などのバッファメモリと、グラフィックコントローラから出力される画像データに基づいて、ディスプレイ３１３を表示制御する制御ＩＣなどによって構成される。 The video I / F 312 is connected to the display 313. Specifically, the video I / F 312 includes, for example, a graphic controller that controls the entire display 313, a buffer memory such as a VRAM (Video RAM) that temporarily records image information that can be displayed immediately, and a graphic controller. Based on the output image data, the display 313 is configured by a control IC or the like.
　ディスプレイ３１３には、アイコン、カーソル、メニュー、ウインドウ、あるいは文字や画像などの各種データが表示される。ディスプレイ３１３としては、たとえば、ＣＲＴ、ＴＦＴ液晶ディスプレイ、プラズマディスプレイ、有機ＥＬディスプレイなどを用いることができる。 The display 313 displays icons, cursors, menus, windows, or various data such as characters and images. As the display 313, for example, a CRT, a TFT liquid crystal display, a plasma display, an organic EL display, or the like can be used.
　通信Ｉ／Ｆ３１４は、無線を介してネットワークに接続され、ナビゲーション装置３００とＣＰＵ３０１とのインターフェースとして機能する。通信Ｉ／Ｆ３１４は、さらに、無線を介してインターネットなどの通信網に接続され、この通信網とＣＰＵ３０１とのインターフェースとしても機能する。また、通信Ｉ／Ｆ３１４は、テレビ放送やラジオ放送を受信する。 The communication I / F 314 is connected to the network via wireless and functions as an interface between the navigation device 300 and the CPU 301. The communication I / F 314 is further connected to a communication network such as the Internet via wireless, and also functions as an interface between the communication network and the CPU 301. The communication I / F 314 receives a television broadcast or a radio broadcast.
　通信網には、ＬＡＮ、ＷＡＮ、公衆回線網や携帯電話網などがある。具体的には、通信Ｉ／Ｆ３１４は、たとえば、ＦＭチューナー、ＶＩＣＳ／ビーコンレシーバ、無線ナビゲーション装置、およびその他のナビゲーション装置によって構成され、ＶＩＣＳセンターから配信される渋滞や交通規制などの道路交通情報を取得する。なお、ＶＩＣＳは登録商標である。 Communication networks include LAN, WAN, public line network and mobile phone network. Specifically, the communication I / F 314 is configured by, for example, an FM tuner, a VICS / beacon receiver, a wireless navigation device, and other navigation devices. get. VICS is a registered trademark.
　ＧＰＳユニット３１５は、ＧＰＳ衛星からの電波を受信し、車両の現在位置を示す情報を算出する。ＧＰＳユニット３１５の出力情報は、後述する各種センサ３１６の出力値とともに、ＣＰＵ３０１による車両の現在位置の特定に際して利用される。現在位置を示す情報は、たとえば緯度・経度、高度などの、地図データ上の１点を特定する情報である。 The GPS unit 315 receives radio waves from GPS satellites and calculates information indicating the current position of the vehicle. The output information of the GPS unit 315 is used when the current position of the vehicle is specified by the CPU 301 together with output values of various sensors 316 described later. The information indicating the current position is information for specifying one point on the map data such as latitude / longitude and altitude.
　各種センサ３１６は、車速センサや加速度センサ、角速度センサなどの、車両の位置や挙動を決定することが可能な情報を出力する。各種センサ３１６の出力値は、ＣＰＵ３０１による車両の現在位置の特定や、速度や方位の変化量の測定などに用いられる。 The various sensors 316 output information such as a vehicle speed sensor, an acceleration sensor, and an angular velocity sensor that can determine the position and behavior of the vehicle. The output values of the various sensors 316 are used by the CPU 301 for specifying the current position of the vehicle, measuring the amount of change in speed and direction, and the like.
　なお、図１に示した実施の形態にかかる地図表示装置１００の記憶部１０１は磁気ディスクドライブ３０４と磁気ディスク３０５とによって、視点設定部１０２はＣＰＵ３０１とＲＯＭ３０２とによって、調整部１０３はＣＰＵ３０１とＲＯＭ３０２とによって、生成部１０４はＣＰＵ３０１とＲＯＭ３０２とによって、表示部１０５は映像Ｉ／Ｆ３１２とディスプレイ３１３とによって、それぞれの機能を実現できる。 Note that the storage unit 101 of the map display apparatus 100 according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 includes a magnetic disk drive 304 and a magnetic disk 305, the viewpoint setting unit 102 includes a CPU 301 and a ROM 302, and the adjustment unit 103 includes a CPU 301 and a ROM 302. Thus, the generation unit 104 can realize the respective functions by the CPU 301 and the ROM 302, and the display unit 105 by the video I / F 312 and the display 313.
（視点および注視点の概要）
　つぎに、本実施例のナビゲーション装置３００における前述の視点および注視点の概要について説明する。図４は、本実施例のナビゲーション装置における視点および注視点の概要を示す説明図である。 (Overview of viewpoint and attention point)
Next, an outline of the above-described viewpoint and gaze point in the navigation device 300 of the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an overview of viewpoints and gaze points in the navigation device of the present embodiment.
　図４中符号４００は、磁気ディスク３０５に記憶された三次元地図情報によってあらわされる三次元地図の基準面４００である。ナビゲーション装置３００には、基準面４００からの高さが異なる図４中符号ＶＰ１１，ＶＰ２１で示す２つの視点があらかじめ設定されている。視点ＶＰ１１は基準面４００から高さｈ１の位置に設定されており、視点ＶＰ２１は基準面４００から高さｈ２の位置に設定されている（ｈ１＜ｈ２）。 4 is a reference plane 400 of the three-dimensional map represented by the three-dimensional map information stored in the magnetic disk 305. In the navigation device 300, two viewpoints indicated by reference numerals VP11 and VP21 in FIG. 4 having different heights from the reference plane 400 are set in advance. The viewpoint VP11 is set at a height h1 from the reference plane 400, and the viewpoint VP21 is set at a height h2 from the reference plane 400 (h1 <h2).
　ここで、視点ＶＰ１１は通常モード時の視点であり、視点ＶＰ２１は近距離モード時の視点である。ナビゲーション装置３００は、設定された経路を走行中に、或る案内地（目的地を含む）までの距離が所定距離内となった場合のみ、近距離モード時の視点ＶＰ２１に切り替え、それ以外の場合には通常モード時の視点ＶＰ１１を用いることとしている。 Here, the viewpoint VP11 is a viewpoint in the normal mode, and the viewpoint VP21 is a viewpoint in the short distance mode. The navigation device 300 switches to the viewpoint VP21 in the short-distance mode only when the distance to a certain guide point (including the destination) is within a predetermined distance while traveling on the set route. In this case, the viewpoint VP11 in the normal mode is used.
　なお、それぞれの視点ＶＰ１１，ＶＰ２１は、所定の注視点と対応している。図４に示す場合では、視点ＶＰ１１は注視点ＶＰ１２と対応しており、視点ＶＰ２１は注視点ＶＰ２２と対応している。また、ここで、ＶＰ１１とＶＰ１２とを結んだ直線をＬ１とし、ＶＰ２１とＶＰ２２とを結んだ直線をＬ２とする。また、Ｌ１と基準面４００に対する角度をθ１とし、Ｌ２と基準面４００に対する角度をθ２とする。このとき、θ１＜θ２である。 Note that each of the viewpoints VP11 and VP21 corresponds to a predetermined gaze point. In the case illustrated in FIG. 4, the viewpoint VP11 corresponds to the gazing point VP12, and the viewpoint VP21 corresponds to the gazing point VP22. Here, a straight line connecting VP11 and VP12 is L1, and a straight line connecting VP21 and VP22 is L2. Further, an angle between L1 and the reference plane 400 is θ1, and an angle between L2 and the reference plane 400 is θ2. At this time, θ1 <θ2.
　ナビゲーション装置３００は、視点から所定の注視点の方向に鳥瞰した地図画像を生成する。すなわち、ナビゲーション装置３００は、通常モード時には、視点ＶＰ１１から注視点ＶＰ１２の方向に三次元地図を鳥瞰した地図画像を生成する。また、ナビゲーション装置３００は、近距離モード時には、視点ＶＰ２１から注視点ＶＰ２２の方向に三次元地図を鳥瞰した地図画像を生成する。 Navigation device 300 generates a map image that is bird's-eye view in the direction of a predetermined point of gaze from the viewpoint. That is, in the normal mode, the navigation device 300 generates a map image in which a three-dimensional map is viewed from the viewpoint VP11 to the gazing point VP12. In the short distance mode, the navigation device 300 generates a map image in which a three-dimensional map is viewed from the viewpoint VP21 toward the gazing point VP22.
（ナビゲーション装置の処理手順）
　つぎに、本実施例のナビゲーション装置３００の処理手順について説明する。図５は、本実施例のナビゲーション装置の処理手順を示すフローチャートである。なお、図５に示すフローチャートは、ナビゲーション装置の電源がオンとされた場合に開始される。 (Processing procedure of navigation device)
Next, a processing procedure of the navigation device 300 of this embodiment will be described. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure of the navigation device of this embodiment. Note that the flowchart shown in FIG. 5 is started when the navigation apparatus is powered on.
　図５に示すように、本実施例のナビゲーション装置３００は、まず、ナビゲーション装置３００の現在位置を検出する（ステップＳ５０１）。ステップＳ５０１は、ナビゲーション装置３００のＣＰＵ３０１がＲＯＭ３０２などに記憶された現在位置検出プログラムを実行することによっておこなわれる。なお、ナビゲーション装置３００は、現在位置の検出を所定の周期（たとえば、一秒周期）で定期的におこなう。 As shown in FIG. 5, the navigation apparatus 300 of the present embodiment first detects the current position of the navigation apparatus 300 (step S501). Step S501 is performed by the CPU 301 of the navigation device 300 executing a current position detection program stored in the ROM 302 or the like. The navigation device 300 periodically detects the current position at a predetermined cycle (for example, one second cycle).
　ステップＳ５０１において、現在位置を検出したのち、ナビゲーション装置３００は、目的地が設定されたか否かを判定する（ステップＳ５０２）。たとえば、ナビゲーション装置３００は、入力デバイス３１１が利用者によって操作されることによって、目的地が設定されたか否かを判定する。 In step S501, after detecting the current position, the navigation apparatus 300 determines whether or not a destination has been set (step S502). For example, the navigation apparatus 300 determines whether or not the destination is set by operating the input device 311 by the user.
　ステップＳ５０２において、目的地が設定されたと判定された場合（ステップＳ５０２：Ｙｅｓ）には、ナビゲーション装置３００は、現在位置から目的地までの経路を探索する（ステップＳ５０３）。たとえば、ナビゲーション装置３００のＣＰＵ３０１がＲＯＭ３０２などに記録された上記の経路探索プログラムを実行することによって、目的地までの経路を探索する。なお、ステップＳ５０２において、目的地が設定されていないと判定された場合（ステップＳ５０２：Ｎｏ）には、ナビゲーション装置３００は、上記のステップＳ５０１へ戻り、上記の処理を繰り返す。 If it is determined in step S502 that the destination has been set (step S502: Yes), the navigation device 300 searches for a route from the current position to the destination (step S503). For example, the CPU 301 of the navigation device 300 searches for a route to the destination by executing the route search program recorded in the ROM 302 or the like. If it is determined in step S502 that the destination is not set (step S502: No), the navigation apparatus 300 returns to step S501 and repeats the above process.
　ステップＳ５０３において、現在位置から目的地までの経路が探索されたのち、ナビゲーション装置３００は、現在位置から経路上の、つぎの案内地までの距離が所定距離以下であるか否かを判定する（ステップＳ５０４）。たとえば、ナビゲーション装置３００は、上記で検出された現在位置を示す現在位置情報と、探索された経路の経路情報と、三次元地図情報とを利用して、現在位置から経路上の案内地までの距離が所定距離以下であるか否かを判定する。ここで、つぎの案内地とは、経路上のつぎの右左折ポイントなどの所定の経由地（経由地がない場合には目的地）である。 In step S503, after the route from the current position to the destination is searched, the navigation apparatus 300 determines whether or not the distance from the current position to the next guide location on the route is equal to or smaller than a predetermined distance ( Step S504). For example, the navigation device 300 uses the current position information indicating the current position detected above, the route information of the searched route, and the 3D map information, from the current position to the guide point on the route. It is determined whether the distance is equal to or less than a predetermined distance. Here, the next guide point is a predetermined transit point (a destination when there is no transit point) such as a next turn point on the route.
　ステップＳ５０４において、つぎの案内地までの距離が所定距離以下でないと判定された場合（ステップＳ５０４：Ｎｏ）には、ナビゲーション装置３００は、標準モードの視点（すなわち、図４で示した視点ＶＰ１１）を設定する（ステップＳ５０５）。 If it is determined in step S504 that the distance to the next guide point is not less than or equal to the predetermined distance (step S504: No), the navigation device 300 determines that the standard mode viewpoint (that is, the viewpoint VP11 shown in FIG. 4). Is set (step S505).
　ステップＳ５０５において、視点を設定したのち、ナビゲーション装置３００は、設定された視点に対応する注視点（すなわち、図４で示した視点ＶＰ１２）を設定する（ステップＳ５０６）。 In step S505, after setting the viewpoint, the navigation apparatus 300 sets a gaze point corresponding to the set viewpoint (that is, the viewpoint VP12 shown in FIG. 4) (step S506).
　一方、ステップＳ５０４において、つぎの案内地までの距離が所定距離以下であると判定された場合（ステップＳ５０４：Ｙｅｓ）には、ナビゲーション装置３００は、近距離モードの視点（すなわち、図４で示した視点ＶＰ２１）を設定する（ステップＳ５０７）。 On the other hand, when it is determined in step S504 that the distance to the next guide point is equal to or less than the predetermined distance (step S504: Yes), the navigation device 300 displays the viewpoint in the short distance mode (that is, as shown in FIG. 4). Set the viewpoint VP21) (step S507).
　ステップＳ５０７において、視点を設定したのち、ナビゲーション装置３００は、設定された視点に対応する注視点（すなわち、図４で示した視点ＶＰ２２）を設定する（ステップＳ５０８）。上記のステップＳ５０５～ステップＳ５０８は、ナビゲーション装置３００のＣＰＵ３０１がＲＯＭ３０２などに記憶された視点設定プログラムを実行することによっておこなわれる。 In step S507, after setting the viewpoint, the navigation apparatus 300 sets a gaze point corresponding to the set viewpoint (that is, the viewpoint VP22 shown in FIG. 4) (step S508). The above steps S505 to S508 are performed by the CPU 301 of the navigation device 300 executing the viewpoint setting program stored in the ROM 302 or the like.
　Ｓ５０６またはＳ５０８において、注視点の位置が設定されたのち、ナビゲーション装置３００は、設定された視点と注視点とに基づいて、二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整する（ステップＳ５０９）。たとえば、ナビゲーション装置３００は、設定された視点と注視点とを結んだ直線（Ｌ１またはＬ２）に対して、９０度を含む所定範囲内の角度となるように、二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整する。ステップＳ５０９は、ナビゲーション装置３００のＣＰＵ３０１がＲＯＭ３０２などに記憶された配置角度調整プログラムを実行することによっておこなわれる。 In S506 or S508, after the position of the gazing point is set, the navigation apparatus 300 adjusts the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object based on the set viewpoint and the gazing point (step S509). For example, the navigation apparatus 300 adjusts the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object so that the angle is within a predetermined range including 90 degrees with respect to the straight line (L1 or L2) connecting the set viewpoint and the gazing point. To do. Step S509 is performed by the CPU 301 of the navigation device 300 executing the arrangement angle adjustment program stored in the ROM 302 or the like.
　ステップＳ５０９において、二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整したのち、ナビゲーション装置３００は、配置角度を調整後の三次元地図を視点から注視点の方向に鳥瞰した地図画像を生成する（ステップＳ５１０）。ステップＳ５１０は、ナビゲーション装置３００のＣＰＵ３０１がＲＯＭ３０２などに記憶された地図画像生成プログラムを実行することによっておこなわれる。 In step S509, after adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object, the navigation apparatus 300 generates a map image in which the three-dimensional map after adjusting the arrangement angle is viewed from the viewpoint to the direction of the gazing point (step S510). Step S510 is performed by the CPU 301 of the navigation device 300 executing a map image generation program stored in the ROM 302 or the like.
　ステップＳ５１０において、地図画像を生成したのち、ナビゲーション装置３００は、生成された地図画像を表示する（ステップＳ５１１）。たとえば、生成された地図画像を用いて、ナビゲーション装置３００のＣＰＵ３０１がＲＯＭ３０２などに記録された上記の地図画像表示プログラムを実行することによって、地図画像を表示する。ステップＳ５１１は、ナビゲーション装置３００のＣＰＵ３０１がＲＯＭ３０２などに記憶された地図画像表示プログラムを実行することによっておこなわれる。 In step S510, after generating the map image, the navigation apparatus 300 displays the generated map image (step S511). For example, using the generated map image, the CPU 301 of the navigation device 300 displays the map image by executing the above-described map image display program recorded in the ROM 302 or the like. Step S511 is performed by the CPU 301 of the navigation device 300 executing a map image display program stored in the ROM 302 or the like.
　ステップＳ５１１において、地図画像を表示したのち、ナビゲーション装置３００は、当該地図画像を用いて、利用者を目的地（案内地）まで案内し（ステップＳ５１２）、一連の処理を終了する。なお、或る案内地を通過後、そのつぎの案内地までの距離が所定距離以下でなくなった場合には、ナビゲーション装置３００は、視点を通常モードの視点ＶＰ１１に戻し、当該案内地までの案内を継続する。そして、この案内地に接近した場合に、ナビゲーション装置３００は、再び視点を近距離モードの視点ＶＰ２１に設定する。上記の処理を繰り返し、ナビゲーション装置３００は、目的地までの経路を案内する。 In step S511, after displaying the map image, the navigation apparatus 300 guides the user to the destination (guidance place) using the map image (step S512), and ends the series of processes. When the distance to the next guide place is no longer than the predetermined distance after passing through a certain guide place, the navigation device 300 returns the viewpoint to the viewpoint VP11 in the normal mode and guides to the guide place. Continue. And when approaching this guidance place, the navigation apparatus 300 sets a viewpoint to the viewpoint VP21 of short distance mode again. By repeating the above processing, the navigation device 300 guides the route to the destination.
（ナビゲーション装置による二次元オブジェクトの具体的な配置角度調整例）
　つぎに、本実施例のナビゲーション装置３００による二次元オブジェクトの具体的な配置角度調整例について説明する。図６は、本実施例のナビゲーション装置による二次元オブジェクトの具体的な配置角度調整例を示す説明図（その１）である。 (Example of specific arrangement angle adjustment of two-dimensional object by navigation device)
Next, a specific example of adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device 300 of this embodiment will be described. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram (part 1) illustrating a specific example of adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device of the present embodiment.
　図６中符号Ｐ１は、ナビゲーション装置３００を搭載した車両６０１の現在位置Ｐ１を示す。図６中符号６０２は、ナビゲーション装置３００に設定された経路上の案内地６０２を示す。図６中符号６０３は、基準面４００上に配置された二次元オブジェクト６０３を示す。なお、図６中符号６０３ａは、二次元オブジェクト６０３の表示面６０３ａである。表示面６０３ａには、二次元オブジェクト６０３があらわす施設などに対応した所定の絵柄が表示されている。 6 indicates a current position P1 of the vehicle 601 on which the navigation device 300 is mounted. A reference numeral 602 in FIG. 6 indicates a guide point 602 on the route set in the navigation device 300. A reference numeral 603 in FIG. 6 indicates a two-dimensional object 603 disposed on the reference plane 400. Note that reference numeral 603a in FIG. 6 is the display surface 603a of the two-dimensional object 603. On the display surface 603a, a predetermined pattern corresponding to the facility represented by the two-dimensional object 603 is displayed.
　図６において、車両６０１は、案内地６０２に向けて移動中である。いま、車両６０１から案内地６０２までの距離Ｄ１は、あらかじめ設定された所定距離に比べて大きいとする。この場合には、ナビゲーション装置３００は、通常モードにより、地図画像を生成する。すなわち、ナビゲーション装置３００は、視点ＶＰ１１から注視点ＶＰ１２の方向に三次元地図（基準面４００および基準面４００上に配置された各種オブジェクトなど）を鳥瞰した地図画像を生成する。 In FIG. 6, the vehicle 601 is moving toward the guide location 602. Now, it is assumed that the distance D1 from the vehicle 601 to the guide place 602 is larger than a predetermined distance set in advance. In this case, the navigation device 300 generates a map image in the normal mode. That is, the navigation device 300 generates a map image in which a three-dimensional map (such as the reference plane 400 and various objects arranged on the reference plane 400) is viewed from the viewpoint VP11 to the gazing point VP12.
　なお、この際に、図６に示すように、θ１が所定角度（たとえば、４５度）より小さい場合には、ナビゲーション装置３００は、二次元オブジェクト６０３の配置角度を調整せず、デフォルトの配置角度を用いる。 At this time, as shown in FIG. 6, when θ1 is smaller than a predetermined angle (for example, 45 degrees), the navigation apparatus 300 does not adjust the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object 603, and the default arrangement angle. Is used.
　図７は、本実施例のナビゲーション装置による二次元オブジェクトの具体的な配置角度調整例を示す説明図（その２）である。なお、図７において、図６と同一箇所は同符号とし、その説明を省略する。 FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram (part 2) illustrating a specific example of adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device of the present embodiment. In FIG. 7, the same parts as those in FIG.
　図７において（図６に示した状態から所定時間経過後）、車両６０１は、案内地６０２に向けて移動し、いま、車両６０１（の現在位置Ｐ２）から案内地６０２までの距離Ｄ２は、あらかじめ設定された所定距離に比べて小さくなったとする。図７で示す場合に、二次元オブジェクト６０３の配置角度を調整しないとすると（すなわち、従来技術と同様に）、視点と注視点とを結んだ直線と、二次元オブジェクト６０３の表示面６０３ａとの成す角度が大きくなりすぎて、表示面６０３ａの表示内容の視認性が著しく低下する。 In FIG. 7 (after a lapse of a predetermined time from the state shown in FIG. 6), the vehicle 601 moves toward the guide place 602, and the distance D2 from the vehicle 601 (current position P2) to the guide place 602 is It is assumed that the distance is smaller than a predetermined distance set in advance. In the case illustrated in FIG. 7, if the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object 603 is not adjusted (that is, as in the related art), the straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point and the display surface 603a of the two-dimensional object 603 The formed angle becomes too large, and the visibility of the display content on the display surface 603a is significantly reduced.
　このため、上記のような場合には、ナビゲーション装置３００は、近距離モードにより、地図画像を生成する。すなわち、ナビゲーション装置３００は、視点ＶＰ２１から注視点ＶＰ２２の方向に三次元地図（基準面４００および基準面４００上に配置された各種オブジェクトなど）を鳥瞰した地図画像を生成する。 Therefore, in the above case, the navigation device 300 generates a map image in the short distance mode. That is, the navigation device 300 generates a map image in which a three-dimensional map (such as the reference plane 400 and various objects arranged on the reference plane 400) is viewed in the direction from the viewpoint VP21 to the gazing point VP22.
　そこで、本実施例のナビゲーション装置３００は、図７に示すように、近距離モード時には、二次元オブジェクト６０３の配置角度を調整する。すなわち、図７中符号７０１で示す矢印の方向に、二次元オブジェクト６０３を回転させることによって、二次元オブジェクト６０３の配置角度を調整する。このときの回転させる角度をθ３とすると、θ３は、たとえば、θ２と同程度の角度である（厳密に同じである必要はない）。 Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, the navigation apparatus 300 of the present embodiment adjusts the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object 603 in the short distance mode. That is, the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object 603 is adjusted by rotating the two-dimensional object 603 in the direction indicated by the arrow 701 in FIG. Assuming that the rotation angle at this time is θ3, θ3 is, for example, the same angle as θ2 (not necessarily exactly the same).
　すなわち、ナビゲーション装置３００は、Ｌ２と表示面６０３ａとの成す角度が、９０度を含む所定範囲内の角度となるように、二次元オブジェクト６０３をθ３だけ回転させる。これによって、ナビゲーション装置３００は、二次元オブジェクト６０３の配置角度を調整後、地図画像の生成をおこなう。 That is, the navigation apparatus 300 rotates the two-dimensional object 603 by θ3 so that the angle formed by L2 and the display surface 603a is an angle within a predetermined range including 90 degrees. Thereby, the navigation apparatus 300 generates a map image after adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object 603.
（二次元オブジェクトの配置角度調整時の回転軸）
　つぎに、本実施例のナビゲーション装置３００による二次元オブジェクトの配置角度調整時の回転軸について説明する。図８は、本実施例のナビゲーション装置による二次元オブジェクトの配置角度調整時の回転軸を示す説明図（その１）である。三次元地図情報上において、それぞれの施設などの位置は、点（座標）によって登録されている。 (Rotation axis when adjusting the arrangement angle of 2D objects)
Next, the rotation axis at the time of adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device 300 of the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram (part 1) illustrating the rotation axis when adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device of the present embodiment. On the three-dimensional map information, the position of each facility is registered by points (coordinates).
　図８に示すように、三次元地図情報８００中において、点８０１は、或る警察署の位置を示している。この警察署をあらわすために、図８に示す場合では、ナビゲーション装置３００の製造側は、点８０１を中心として、二次元オブジェクトであるＰＯＩマーク８０２を配置している。 As shown in FIG. 8, in the three-dimensional map information 800, a point 801 indicates the position of a certain police station. In order to represent this police station, in the case shown in FIG. 8, the manufacturing side of the navigation apparatus 300 arranges the POI mark 802 that is a two-dimensional object with the point 801 as the center.
　図９は、本実施例のナビゲーション装置による二次元オブジェクトの配置角度調整時の回転軸を示す説明図（その２）である。図８に示したような点８０１を中心として配置されたＰＯＩマーク８０２の配置角度を調整する場合に、ナビゲーション装置３００は、点８０１を通過し、ＰＯＩマーク８０２を横断する軸９０１を回転軸として、所定角度回転させ、配置角度を調整する。 FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram (part 2) illustrating the rotation axis when adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device of the present embodiment. When adjusting the arrangement angle of the POI mark 802 arranged around the point 801 as shown in FIG. 8, the navigation apparatus 300 uses the axis 901 passing through the point 801 and crossing the POI mark 802 as the rotation axis. , Rotate a predetermined angle to adjust the arrangement angle.
　図１０は、本実施例のナビゲーション装置による二次元オブジェクトの配置角度調整時の回転軸を示す説明図（その３）である。図１０に示すように、三次元地図情報１０００上において、点１００１は、図８と同様の警察署の位置を示している（すなわち、点８０１と点１００１とは同一座標上の点である）。この警察署をあらわすために、図１０に示す場合では、ナビゲーション装置３００の製造側は、点１００１がＰＯＩマーク１００２の長手方向の下端側（かつ、長手方向と直交する方向の中央部分）となるように、ＰＯＩマーク１００２を配置している。 FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram (part 3) illustrating the rotation axis when adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 10, on the three-dimensional map information 1000, a point 1001 indicates the position of a police station similar to FIG. 8 (that is, the point 801 and the point 1001 are points on the same coordinate). . In order to represent this police station, in the case shown in FIG. 10, the manufacturing side of the navigation device 300 is such that the point 1001 is the lower end side in the longitudinal direction of the POI mark 1002 (and the central portion in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction). As shown, the POI mark 1002 is arranged.
　このように、上記の点８０１と、点１００１とは同一の警察署の位置をあらわしているが、点８０１、点１００１に対し、どのようにＰＯＩマークを配置するか（ＰＯＩマーク８０２のように配置、またはＰＯＩマーク１００２のように配置）は、ナビゲーション装置３００の製造側の任意によって設定される。 As described above, the point 801 and the point 1001 represent the same police station position, but how the POI mark is arranged with respect to the point 801 and the point 1001 (as in the POI mark 802). Arrangement or arrangement like the POI mark 1002) is arbitrarily set on the manufacturing side of the navigation apparatus 300.
　図１１は、本実施例のナビゲーション装置による二次元オブジェクトの配置角度調整時の回転軸を示す説明図（その４）である。図１０に示したような点１００１が下端側となるように配置されたＰＯＩマーク１００２の配置角度を調整する場合に、ナビゲーション装置３００は、点１００１を通過し、ＰＯＩマーク１００２を横断する軸１１０１を回転軸として、所定角度回転させ、配置角度を調整する。 FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram (part 4) illustrating a rotation axis when adjusting the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object by the navigation device of the present embodiment. When adjusting the arrangement angle of the POI mark 1002 arranged so that the point 1001 as shown in FIG. 10 is on the lower end side, the navigation apparatus 300 passes through the point 1001 and the axis 1101 crosses the POI mark 1002. The rotation angle is rotated by a predetermined angle to adjust the arrangement angle.
（ナビゲーション装置の具体的な表示例）
　つぎに、本実施例のナビゲーション装置の具体的な表示例を説明する。図１２は、本実施例のナビゲーション装置の具体的な表示例を示す説明図である。なお、図１２に示す本実施例のナビゲーション装置の具体的な表示例は、ナビゲーション装置３００を搭載した車両の現在位置から案内地までの距離が所定距離以下となった場合の、近距離モード時における表示例である。 (Specific display example of navigation device)
Next, a specific display example of the navigation device of the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a specific display example of the navigation device of the present embodiment. The specific display example of the navigation device of this embodiment shown in FIG. 12 is the short distance mode in the case where the distance from the current position of the vehicle on which the navigation device 300 is mounted to the guide point is equal to or less than a predetermined distance. Is a display example.
　図１２に示すように、ナビゲーション装置３００のディスプレイ３１３には、ナビゲーション装置３００（ナビゲーション装置３００を搭載した車両）の現在位置周辺の地図画像１２００が表示される。また、ディスプレイ３１３には、各種ウインドウ（たとえば、案内地までの距離などが表示される案内ウインドウ１２１０など）が表示される。 12, a map image 1200 around the current position of the navigation device 300 (a vehicle equipped with the navigation device 300) is displayed on the display 313 of the navigation device 300. The display 313 displays various windows (for example, a guidance window 1210 that displays the distance to the guidance location, etc.).
　地図画像１２００中、符号１２０１は、ナビゲーション装置３００に設定された経路１２０１を示す。経路１２０１上には、案内地を示す案内地アイコン１２０２が配置される。また、地図画像１２００中、符号１２０３および１２０４は、二次元オブジェクトであるＰＯＩマーク１２０３，１２０４である。図１２に示すように、ＰＯＩマーク１２０３は、コンビニエンスストアをあらわすＰＯＩマークである。同様に、ＰＯＩマーク１２０４は、ガソリンスタンドをあらわすＰＯＩマークである。 In the map image 1200, reference numeral 1201 indicates a route 1201 set in the navigation device 300. On the route 1201, a guide place icon 1202 indicating a guide place is arranged. In the map image 1200, reference numerals 1203 and 1204 are POI marks 1203 and 1204 which are two-dimensional objects. As shown in FIG. 12, the POI mark 1203 is a POI mark representing a convenience store. Similarly, the POI mark 1204 is a POI mark representing a gas station.
　ナビゲーション装置３００は、近距離モードとなった場合に、ＰＯＩマーク１２０３，１２０４の配置角度を調整している。このため、ナビゲーション装置３００では、近距離モード時となった場合でも、現在位置周辺のＰＯＩマーク１２０３，１２０４について、その表示内容が明確に見える状態となっており、視認性が向上している。 The navigation apparatus 300 adjusts the arrangement angle of the POI marks 1203 and 1204 when the short distance mode is set. Therefore, in the navigation device 300, even when the short distance mode is set, the display contents of the POI marks 1203 and 1204 around the current position are clearly visible, and the visibility is improved.
　以上に説明したように、本実施例のナビゲーション装置３００によれば、視点と注視点とを結んだ直線の基準面に対する角度に応じて、二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整することができる。これによって、二次元オブジェクトの視認性が向上し、利便性の向上を図ることができる。 As described above, according to the navigation apparatus 300 of the present embodiment, the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object can be adjusted according to the angle of the straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point with respect to the reference plane. Thereby, the visibility of the two-dimensional object is improved, and the convenience can be improved.
　また、本実施例のナビゲーション装置３００によれば、二次元オブジェクトにおける表示面が視点と注視点とを結んだ直線に対して９０度を含む所定範囲内の角度となるように、二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整することができる。これによって、二次元オブジェクトの視認性が一層と向上し、利便性の向上を図ることができる。 Further, according to the navigation device 300 of the present embodiment, the display surface of the two-dimensional object has an angle within a predetermined range including 90 degrees with respect to a straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point. The arrangement angle can be adjusted. As a result, the visibility of the two-dimensional object is further improved, and convenience can be improved.
　さらに、本実施例のナビゲーション装置３００によれば、三次元地図の基準面に対する視点と注視点とを結んだ直線の角度が所定角度以上の場合に、二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整することができる。これによって、必要に応じて、二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整し、二次元オブジェクトの視認性が一層と向上し、利便性の向上を図ることができる。 Furthermore, according to the navigation apparatus 300 of the present embodiment, when the angle of the straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point with respect to the reference plane of the three-dimensional map is equal to or larger than a predetermined angle, the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object can be adjusted. it can. As a result, the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object can be adjusted as necessary, the visibility of the two-dimensional object can be further improved, and convenience can be improved.
　また、本実施例のナビゲーション装置３００によれば、所定の二次元オブジェクトのみ（たとえば、所定の施設をあらわすＰＯＩマークのみ）の配置角度を調整することができる。これにより、たとえば、利用者は所望のＰＯＩマークのみを調整対象とすることができ、所望のＰＯＩマークのみの視認性を向上させ、利便性の向上を図ることができる。 Further, according to the navigation apparatus 300 of the present embodiment, the arrangement angle of only a predetermined two-dimensional object (for example, only a POI mark representing a predetermined facility) can be adjusted. Thereby, for example, the user can set only the desired POI mark as an adjustment target, improve the visibility of only the desired POI mark, and improve the convenience.
　以上に説明したように、本実施例のナビゲーション装置３００によれば、視点と注視点とを結ぶ直線の、基準面に対する角度に応じて、二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整することができる。これにより、二次元オブジェクトの視認性が向上し、利便性の向上を図ることができる。 As described above, according to the navigation apparatus 300 of the present embodiment, the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object can be adjusted according to the angle of the straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point with respect to the reference plane. Thereby, the visibility of the two-dimensional object is improved, and the convenience can be improved.
　また、本実施例では、ナビゲーション装置３００は、視点ＶＰ１１および視点ＶＰ２１の２つの視点のなかから案内地までの距離に応じていずれかの視点を選択することとしたが、視点は利用者が任意に選択してもよい。また、視点は視点ＶＰ１１および視点ＶＰ２１のみに限らず、利用者が設定した任意の視点を用いてもよい。 In the present embodiment, the navigation apparatus 300 selects one of the viewpoints according to the distance from the viewpoints VP11 and VP21 to the guide point. You may choose. Further, the viewpoint is not limited to the viewpoint VP11 and the viewpoint VP21, and an arbitrary viewpoint set by the user may be used.
　たとえば、利用者が視点ＶＰ３１（不図示）を三次元地図情報中の任意の座標に設定したとする。このとき、ナビゲーション装置３００は、視点ＶＰ３１の注視点ＶＰ３２を基準面上に設定する。そして、視点ＶＰ３１と注視点ＶＰ３２とを結んだ直線をＬ３とすれば、ナビゲーション装置３００は、Ｌ３の基準面に対する角度が所定角度以上である場合に、図７に示した場合と同様に、二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整する。なお、このとき、ナビゲーション装置３００は、前述のように、Ｌ３と二次元オブジェクトの表示面との成す角度が、９０度を含む所定範囲内の角度となるように、二次元オブジェクトを回転させる。 For example, assume that the user sets the viewpoint VP31 (not shown) to an arbitrary coordinate in the 3D map information. At this time, the navigation apparatus 300 sets the gazing point VP32 of the viewpoint VP31 on the reference plane. Then, assuming that a straight line connecting the viewpoint VP31 and the gazing point VP32 is L3, the navigation device 300, when the angle of the L3 with respect to the reference plane is equal to or larger than a predetermined angle, is similar to the case shown in FIG. Adjust the placement angle of the dimensional object. At this time, as described above, the navigation device 300 rotates the two-dimensional object so that the angle formed by L3 and the display surface of the two-dimensional object is an angle within a predetermined range including 90 degrees.
　なお、本実施の形態で説明した生成方法は、あらかじめ用意されたプログラムをパーソナル・コンピュータやワークステーションなどのコンピュータで実行することにより実現することができる。このプログラムは、ハードディスク、フレキシブルディスク、ＣＤ－ＲＯＭ、ＭＯ、ＤＶＤなどのコンピュータで読み取り可能な記録媒体に記録され、コンピュータによって記録媒体から読み出されることによって実行される。またこのプログラムは、インターネットなどのネットワークを介して配布することが可能な媒体であってもよい。 Note that the generation method described in the present embodiment can be realized by executing a program prepared in advance on a computer such as a personal computer or a workstation. This program is recorded on a computer-readable recording medium such as a hard disk, a flexible disk, a CD-ROM, an MO, and a DVD, and is executed by being read from the recording medium by the computer. The program may be a medium that can be distributed via a network such as the Internet.

Claims (11)

  1. 　二次元オブジェクトおよび三次元オブジェクトが配置された三次元地図の情報を記憶する記憶手段と、
    　視点および注視点を設定する視点設定手段と、
    　前記三次元地図の基準面に対する前記視点と前記注視点とを結んだ直線の角度に応じて、前記基準面に対する前記二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整する調整手段と、
    　前記配置角度の調整後の三次元地図を前記視点から前記注視点の方向に鳥瞰した地図画像を生成する生成手段と、
    　前記地図画像を表示する表示手段と、
    　を備えることを特徴とする地図表示装置。     Storage means for storing information of a two-dimensional object and a three-dimensional map in which the three-dimensional object is arranged;
    A viewpoint setting means for setting a viewpoint and a gaze point;
    Adjusting means for adjusting an arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object with respect to the reference plane according to an angle of a straight line connecting the viewpoint with the reference plane of the three-dimensional map and the gazing point;
    Generating means for generating a map image obtained by bird's-eye view of the three-dimensional map after adjustment of the arrangement angle from the viewpoint toward the gazing point;
    Display means for displaying the map image;
    A map display device comprising:
  2. 　前記調整手段は、前記二次元オブジェクトにおける表示面が前記視点と前記注視点とを結んだ直線に対して９０度を含む所定範囲内の角度になるように前記二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の地図表示装置。 The adjusting means adjusts the arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object so that the display surface of the two-dimensional object becomes an angle within a predetermined range including 90 degrees with respect to a straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point. The map display device according to claim 1.
  3. 　前記調整手段は、前記三次元地図の基準面に対する前記視点と前記注視点とを結んだ直線の角度が所定角度以上の場合に、前記二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整することを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の地図表示装置。 The adjusting means adjusts an arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object when an angle of a straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point with respect to a reference plane of the three-dimensional map is equal to or larger than a predetermined angle. Item 3. The map display device according to item 1 or 2.
  4. 　前記調整手段は、特定の種別の前記二次元オブジェクトのみの配置角度を調整することを特徴とする請求項１～３のいずれか一つに記載の地図表示装置。 The map display device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the adjusting means adjusts an arrangement angle of only the two-dimensional object of a specific type.
  5. 　前記調整手段は、前記二次元オブジェクトの配置位置に応じた軸に沿って当該二次元オブジェクトを所定角度分回転させることで前記配置角度を調整することを特徴とする請求項１～４のいずれか一つに記載の地図表示装置。 The adjustment means adjusts the arrangement angle by rotating the two-dimensional object by a predetermined angle along an axis corresponding to the arrangement position of the two-dimensional object. The map display device according to one.
  6. 　前記二次元オブジェクトは、施設のマーク、信号機および道路標識のうちの少なくとも一つであることを特徴とする請求項１～５のいずれか一つに記載の地図表示装置。 The map display device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the two-dimensional object is at least one of a facility mark, a traffic light, and a road sign.
  7. 　請求項１～６のいずれか一つに記載の地図表示装置を備えるナビゲーション装置であって、
    　現在位置を検出する検出手段と、
    　経路を設定する経路設定手段と、
    　前記経路の案内を行なう案内手段と、
    　をさらに備え、
    　前記視点設定手段は、前記現在位置および前記経路上の案内地に応じて、前記視点および前記注視点を設定し、
    　前記調整手段は、前記案内地付近に位置する前記二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整し、
    　前記生成手段は、前記配置角度の調整後における前記案内地付近の三次元地図を前記視点から前記注視点の方向に鳥瞰した地図画像を生成し、
    　前記表示手段は、前記地図画像を前記案内地の案内画像として表示することを特徴とするナビゲーション装置。     A navigation device comprising the map display device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
    Detection means for detecting the current position;
    Route setting means for setting a route;
    Guiding means for guiding the route;
    Further comprising
    The viewpoint setting means sets the viewpoint and the gazing point according to the current position and a guide point on the route,
    The adjusting means adjusts an arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object located near the guide ground;
    The generating means generates a map image in which the three-dimensional map near the guide point after the adjustment of the arrangement angle is bird's-eye view from the viewpoint toward the gazing point,
    The navigation device characterized in that the display means displays the map image as a guide image of the guide location.
  8. 　前記視点設定手段は、前記現在位置および前記案内地との距離に応じて、前記三次元地図の基準面に対する前記視点と前記注視点とを結んだ直線の角度が異なる前記視点および前記注視点を設定することを特徴とする請求項７に記載のナビゲーション装置。 The viewpoint setting means determines the viewpoint and the gazing point in which the angle of a straight line connecting the viewpoint and the gazing point with respect to a reference plane of the three-dimensional map is different according to the current position and the distance from the guide point. The navigation device according to claim 7, wherein the navigation device is set.
  9. 　二次元オブジェクトおよび三次元オブジェクトが配置された三次元地図を用いた地図画像の生成方法であって、
    　視点および注視点を設定する視点設定工程と、
    　前記三次元地図の基準面に対する前記視点と前記注視点とを結んだ直線の角度に応じて、前記基準面に対する前記二次元オブジェクトの配置角度を調整する調整工程と、
    　前記配置角度の調整後の三次元地図を前記視点から前記注視点の方向に鳥瞰した地図画像を生成する生成工程と、
    　を含むことを特徴とする地図画像の生成方法。     A method for generating a map image using a 3D map in which 2D objects and 3D objects are arranged,
    A viewpoint setting process for setting a viewpoint and a gaze point;
    An adjustment step of adjusting an arrangement angle of the two-dimensional object with respect to the reference plane according to an angle of a straight line connecting the viewpoint with the reference plane of the three-dimensional map and the gazing point;
    Generating a map image in which a bird's-eye view of the three-dimensional map after adjustment of the arrangement angle is viewed from the viewpoint in the direction of the gazing point;
    A method for generating a map image, comprising:
  10. 　請求項９に記載の生成方法をコンピュータに実行させることを特徴とする地図画像生成プログラム。 A map image generation program that causes a computer to execute the generation method according to claim 9.
  11. 　請求項１０に記載の地図画像生成プログラムを記録したことを特徴とするコンピュータに読み取り可能な記録媒体。 A computer-readable recording medium on which the map image generation program according to claim 10 is recorded.
PCT/JP2008/056231 2008-03-28 2008-03-28 Map display, navigation device, generating method, map image generating program, and computer-readable recording medium WO2009118911A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2008/056231 WO2009118911A1 (en) 2008-03-28 2008-03-28 Map display, navigation device, generating method, map image generating program, and computer-readable recording medium

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2008/056231 WO2009118911A1 (en) 2008-03-28 2008-03-28 Map display, navigation device, generating method, map image generating program, and computer-readable recording medium

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009118911A1 true WO2009118911A1 (en) 2009-10-01

Family

ID=41113138

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2008/056231 WO2009118911A1 (en) 2008-03-28 2008-03-28 Map display, navigation device, generating method, map image generating program, and computer-readable recording medium

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2009118911A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103234546A (en) * 2013-04-18 2013-08-07 易图通科技（北京）有限公司 Lane-changing induction method and device in true three-dimensional navigation
US20130222364A1 (en) * 2012-02-29 2013-08-29 Daniel Kraus Manipulation of User Attention with Respect to a Simulated Field of View for Geographic Navigation Via Constrained Focus on, Perspective Attraction to, and/or Correction and Dynamic Adjustment of, Points of Interest
US8566020B2 (en) 2009-12-01 2013-10-22 Nokia Corporation Method and apparatus for transforming three-dimensional map objects to present navigation information
JP2016540284A (en) * 2013-10-11 2016-12-22 トムトム ナビゲーション ベスローテン フエンノートシャップＴｏｍＴｏｍ Ｎａｖｉｇａｔｉｏｎ Ｂ．Ｖ． Apparatus and method for displaying navigation instructions

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09127862A (en) * 1995-10-30 1997-05-16 Zanavy Informatics:Kk Map display device for vehicle
JPH09292254A (en) * 1996-04-26 1997-11-11 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Running position display device
JP2001027535A (en) * 1999-05-12 2001-01-30 Denso Corp Map display device
JP2003269972A (en) * 1999-05-14 2003-09-25 Denso Corp Map display device

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09127862A (en) * 1995-10-30 1997-05-16 Zanavy Informatics:Kk Map display device for vehicle
JPH09292254A (en) * 1996-04-26 1997-11-11 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Running position display device
JP2001027535A (en) * 1999-05-12 2001-01-30 Denso Corp Map display device
JP2003269972A (en) * 1999-05-14 2003-09-25 Denso Corp Map display device

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8566020B2 (en) 2009-12-01 2013-10-22 Nokia Corporation Method and apparatus for transforming three-dimensional map objects to present navigation information
US20130222364A1 (en) * 2012-02-29 2013-08-29 Daniel Kraus Manipulation of User Attention with Respect to a Simulated Field of View for Geographic Navigation Via Constrained Focus on, Perspective Attraction to, and/or Correction and Dynamic Adjustment of, Points of Interest
WO2013127475A1 (en) * 2012-02-29 2013-09-06 Navteq B.V. Manipulation of user attention with respect to a simulated field of view for geographic navigation via constrained focus on, perspective attraction to, and/or correction and dynamic adjustment of, points of interest
US9791290B2 (en) * 2012-02-29 2017-10-17 Here Global B.V. Manipulation of user attention with respect to a simulated field of view for geographic navigation via constrained focus on, perspective attraction to, and/or correction and dynamic adjustment of, points of interest
CN103234546A (en) * 2013-04-18 2013-08-07 易图通科技（北京）有限公司 Lane-changing induction method and device in true three-dimensional navigation
JP2016540284A (en) * 2013-10-11 2016-12-22 トムトム ナビゲーション ベスローテン フエンノートシャップＴｏｍＴｏｍ Ｎａｖｉｇａｔｉｏｎ Ｂ．Ｖ． Apparatus and method for displaying navigation instructions
US10527445B2 (en) 2013-10-11 2020-01-07 Tomtom Navigation B.V. Apparatus and methods of displaying navigation instructions
US11493358B2 (en) 2013-10-11 2022-11-08 Tomtom Navigation B.V. Apparatus and methods of displaying navigation instructions

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US11493358B2 (en) Apparatus and methods of displaying navigation instructions
US7636634B2 (en) On-vehicle information terminal
JP4809900B2 (en) Navigation device, map display method, and map display program
US8880343B2 (en) System for digital map labeling
US8862392B2 (en) Digital map landmarking system
JP2009156759A (en) Navigation system and computer program
JP2012221459A (en) Map image display system, map image display device, map image display method, and computer program
CN101573590A (en) Navigation device and method for displaying navigation information
JP4105609B2 (en) 3D display method for navigation and navigation apparatus
JP2006113047A (en) On-vehicle electronic device
JP5554045B2 (en) Map display device and map display method
WO2009118911A1 (en) Map display, navigation device, generating method, map image generating program, and computer-readable recording medium
JP2010060294A (en) Map display method and navigation apparatus using it
JP4572235B2 (en) POSITION SETTING DEVICE, POSITION SETTING METHOD, POSITION SETTING PROGRAM, AND RECORDING MEDIUM
JP5451428B2 (en) Data structure of navigation device and network data
JP4682210B2 (en) NAVIGATION DEVICE, PROCESS CONTROL METHOD, PROCESS CONTROL PROGRAM, AND RECORDING MEDIUM
JP2008249655A (en) Navigation device, method, program, and recording medium
JP2005326333A (en) Intersection guiding method and navigation system
JP2005326210A (en) Map information display control device, map information display device, system, method and program therefor, and storage medium recording the program
JP2007078774A (en) Vehicle guiding device
KR20100084855A (en) Navigation apparatus and route display method using by it
JPH1183503A (en) Navigator
JP4563708B2 (en) Navigation device, method and program
JP3856038B2 (en) Navigation device
JP4833709B2 (en) Navigation device, route guidance method and program

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 08739349

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 08739349

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1