WO2009113905A1 - Système et procédé de transport centralisé de chaleur - Google Patents

Système et procédé de transport centralisé de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009113905A1
WO2009113905A1 PCT/RU2009/000086 RU2009000086W WO2009113905A1 WO 2009113905 A1 WO2009113905 A1 WO 2009113905A1 RU 2009000086 W RU2009000086 W RU 2009000086W WO 2009113905 A1 WO2009113905 A1 WO 2009113905A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
network
heat
water
heating
heat transfer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2009/000086
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Анатолий Дмитриевич КИОСОВ
Original Assignee
Kiosov Anatoliy Dmitrievich
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kiosov Anatoliy Dmitrievich filed Critical Kiosov Anatoliy Dmitrievich
Priority to CN2009800005110A priority Critical patent/CN101720410B/zh
Publication of WO2009113905A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009113905A1/fr

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D10/00District heating systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D18/00Small-scale combined heat and power [CHP] generation systems specially adapted for domestic heating, space heating or domestic hot-water supply
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2101/00Electric generators of small-scale CHP systems
    • F24D2101/10Gas turbines; Steam engines or steam turbines; Water turbines, e.g. located in water pipes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2103/00Thermal aspects of small-scale CHP systems
    • F24D2103/10Small-scale CHP systems characterised by their heat recovery units
    • F24D2103/17Storage tanks
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/04Gas or oil fired boiler
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/11Geothermal energy
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/13Heat from a district heating network
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/16Waste heat
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/40Geothermal heat-pumps
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/17District heating
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/52Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a power system, in particular, to systems and methods for district heating using heat pump units.
  • a well-known district heating system consisting of a cogeneration power plant, including a main steam-powered circuit, a cooling water circuit, a primary network water circuit with hot water and heating water heaters, and a heating system circuit with an elevator and a heat pump installation located at heating stations and connected via a return path network water of the primary circuit to the input-output of the evaporator, and along the return path of the heating system to the input-output of the condenser [patent RU 2095581, publ. 11/10/1997].
  • a disadvantage of the known heating system is the low degree of use of fuel energy for heating the coolant and the lack of deep heat recovery of the flue gases; therefore, the temperature of the cooled return network water entering the turbine condenser and leaving it does not exceed 20 0 C on average, and for it heating to a standard temperature, at which the average value of the output of the heaters in the return water piping must be 70 0 C, for additional installation of the network and to heater olnitelny steam extraction from the turbine, which reduces the amount of generated electricity and the absolute efficiency of the system.
  • a method of district heating is known, according to which the network water is heated in the network heaters of heating power plants, hot water is supplied through the supply main pipe to the heating systems, the return network water is cooled and the heating system water is re-heated using a cascade heat pump installation located on the heat paragraph, return the chilled water through a return main pipeline to network heaters and are heated due to the heat of condensation steam spent in the turbine [patent RU 2266479, publ. December 20, 2005].
  • the disadvantage of this method is the low degree of use of fuel energy for heating the coolant, the lack of a comprehensive technology for the utilization of heat of the exhaust gases, purification of combustion products, accumulation and storage of heat.
  • the known district heating system contains a steam boiler with a combustion chamber and flues, in which there are steam heating surfaces that are closed to the network water heaters, the network water circuit, the heating system circuit with a heat pump installation located at a heating station, the condenser output of which is connected to the final heat transfer stage heating system circuit, and the evaporator outlet of which is connected to the chilled network water circuit returned to the system.
  • fuel is burned in the boiler’s combustion chamber, steam is generated in the heating surfaces located in the boiler’s combustion chamber and gas ducts, which is used to generate thermal energy, for which heating water is heated in the network water heaters and supplied to heating circuit;
  • the main heat transfer stage that has passed in the heating system circuit is cooled in the heat pump evaporator, and the heat taken from the return mains water is used to heat the water that is supplied to the heating circuit to pass the final heat transfer stage, and the cooled return main water is returned into the network water circuit.
  • a disadvantage of the known system and method is the low degree of utilization of fuel energy and the absence of deep utilization of heat of the exhaust gases, environmental pollution by harmful emissions, as well as the low level of heat transfer to the consumer and the lack of means for accumulating and preserving the coolant, and the seasonality of its consumption. Disclosure of invention
  • the return chilled water circuit is equipped with at least one well for accumulating excess chilled network water in the soil stratum, and for preheating the chilled network water with the heat of exhaust gases using the heat of vaporization, a network economizer is additionally installed in the boiler flue and also, for accumulation during the inter-heating period, heated in the network economizer and / or heated in network heaters of network water, the direct network water circuit is equipped with at least one thermally insulated body of water.
  • An additional network economizer can be installed in the gas duct of the boiler outside the combustion chamber.
  • the first stage of heat transfer can be performed according to the traditional scheme.
  • the consumer will be fully provided with heat if the second heat transfer stage is performed with a changed high-speed regime of water movement in the pipeline and / or an increased heat transfer surface and / or a changed type of heating devices.
  • the third stage of heat transfer can be performed using water heated in the condenser of the heat pump installation with return network water that has passed the first and second stages of heat transfer, as well as with a changed high-speed mode of water movement in the pipeline and / or an increased heat transfer surface and / or a changed type of heating devices,
  • a method for district heating is also proposed, according to which the fuel is burned in the furnace chamber of the boiler, using the heating surfaces located in the furnace chamber and gas ducts of the boiler, steam is obtained that is used to generate electric and / or thermal energy, and to obtain the latter, in network heaters direct network water is heated with steam and fed to the heating system circuit, where the network water that has passed the initial heat transfer stages in the heating system circuit is cooled in a heat exchanger ca, and heat is withdrawn from the return water, in the condenser of the heat pump heated water which is fed into the heating system circuit to pass the final heat stage, the inverse cooled water is returned to the network in the network heating heaters.
  • heat transfer can be carried out according to the traditional scheme.
  • the consumer will be provided with sufficient heat if at the second stage the heat transfer is carried out by changing the speed regime of water movement in the pipeline and / or increasing the heat transfer surface and / or changing the type of heating devices.
  • heat transfer can be carried out with water heated in the condenser of the heat pump installation with network water that has passed the first and second stages of heat transfer in the heating system circuit, as well as by changing the speed of water in the pipeline and / or increasing the heat transfer surface and / or changing the type of heating appliances.
  • the temperature of the network water heated in the network heaters will be reduced to the temperature of the network water heated in the network economizer.
  • the temperature of the network water heated in the network heaters can be lowered by mixing with reverse chilled network water.
  • the system will function optimally if the operating mode of heat power equipment, a well and a thermally insulated reservoir, as well as the direction and speed of movement of water in pipelines will be regulated by appropriate pumps, shut-off and control valves.
  • the proposed district heating system (Fig. 1) includes a steam boiler 1 with a combustion chamber and flues.
  • a steam boiler 1 with a combustion chamber and flues.
  • the turbine 3 contains a high pressure cylinder 7, a medium pressure cylinder 8, a low pressure cylinder 9 and is mechanically connected to an electric current generator 10.
  • the low pressure cylinder 9 is closed to the condenser 11 and to the main water heater 12, which is part of the direct network circuit water.
  • the high-pressure cylinder 7 is closed to a peak network water heater 13, also included in the direct network water circuit.
  • the heating system circuit contains three stages of heat transfer, where the first stage 14 is made according to the traditional heating scheme, the second stage of heat transfer 15 is made according to the modernized heating scheme with an increased (up to 30%) high-speed regime of water movement in the pipeline and / or increased (30%) surface heat transfer of heating devices and / or a modified type of heating devices, and the third stage 16 is also performed according to the modernized heating scheme with a heat carrier heated in the condenser of the heat pump installation 17 reverse network water that has passed the first stage 14 and second stage 15 in the heating system circuit, as well as with an increased (up to 30%) high-speed mode of water movement in the pipeline and / or increased (up to 30%) heat transfer surface of heating devices and / or a changed type of heating appliances.
  • the evaporator outlet of the heat pump installation 17 is connected to a return chilled network water circuit, which is equipped with a well 18 for accumulating excess reverse cooled network water in the soil stratum.
  • the direct network water circuit is equipped with a heat-insulated body of water 19. All heat and power equipment, including well 18, body of water 19 and pipelines are equipped with appropriate pumps, shut-off and control valves. According to the proposed method of district heating from
  • Thermal power station solid fuel is burned in the combustion chamber of boiler 1, in the heating surfaces made in the form of a superheater 2 installed in the upper part of the combustion chamber and at the inlet of the boiler duct 1 and washed by hot gases, steam is produced, which is fed to a heating turbine 3 having a cylinder high, medium and low pressure 7, 8 and 9, respectively, and mechanically connected with an electric current generator 10.
  • the exhaust steam from the low pressure cylinder 9 is discharged into a condenser 11 cooled by circulating water, from where the condens m together with feedwater is returned to the boiler 1.
  • the controlled selection of steam from the turbine 3 to the network water heaters 12, 13 is carried out in two stages: in the first stage, steam from the low pressure cylinders 9 is fed to the main network water heater 12, where the network water is heated to a temperature of 110 ° C, and in the second stage the steam from the cylinder high pressure 7 is fed to the peak network water heater 13, where the network water is heated to a temperature of 150 ° C. Heated direct network water is supplied to the heating system circuit. where, after passing through the first stage 14, the water temperature decreases from
  • the temperature of the supply water drops from 70 ° C to 45 ° C.
  • the passed heat transfer stages 14 and 15 in the heating system circuit at 45 ° C are cooled in the heat pump evaporator 17 to a temperature of 5 0 C, and the heat taken from the return network water in the heat pump condenser 17 is heated to a temperature 70 0 C, which is supplied to the heating system circuit to pass the final third stage 16, after which the water temperature drops from 7O 0 C to 45 0 C, and the return network water cooled to 5 ° C in the evaporator of the heat pump installation is returned for heating EVA in network heaters 12, 13.
  • Excess reverse chilled network water is accumulated in well 18 in the thickness of the soil, and if necessary, it is preheated to a temperature of 95 ° C with the heat of the exhaust gases using the heat of vaporization in the network economizer 6 installed in the gas duct of boiler 1, after which it is preheated in the network economizer 6, and then heated to a temperature of 150 ° C in the network heaters 12 and 13 network water is fed into the heating system circuit. Heated network water is also accumulated in a heat-insulated reservoir 19 of the direct network water circuit for use in the inter-heating period.
  • the temperature of the network water heated in the network heaters is lowered to the temperature of the network water heated in the network economizer by mixing with reverse cooled network water.
  • the operating mode of the heat power equipment, the well 18 and the heat-insulated reservoir 19, as well as the direction and speed of the water in the pipelines are regulated by pumps, shut-off and control valves.
  • Example of parameters of a district heating system The waste gas heat is utilized using a network economizer 6 installed in the downstream gas duct of the boiler 1 between the electrostatic precipitator 4 and the smoke exhauster 5.
  • the thermal fraction of the consumer in the third stage 16 may be greater than the thermal fraction of the consumer in the second stage 15, for example, as in the parameters below for the system shown in Fig. L and described above.
  • the deep comprehensive heat recovery of the present invention will allow, depending on the type of fuel used, increase the degree of fuel energy use by 8-22%, and heat storage, depending on the region and type of power plant, can further increase her at 37-61%.

Abstract

L’invention concerne un système de transport de chaleur centralisé qui comprend une chaudière (1) à l’intérieur du passage de gaz de laquelle est monté un surchauffeur de vapeur (2) branché sur des réchauffeurs de réseau (12, 13), un circuit d’eau directe et d’eau de retour du réseau, un circuit d’un système de chauffage possédant trois étages de transmission de chaleur (14, 15, 16) et une installation de pompe à chaleur (17) reliée à l’étage final de transmission de chaleur (16) du circuit du système de chauffage et au circuit d’eau de retour refroidie du réseau, qui est doté d’un puits (18) destiné à accumuler dans le sol des surplus d’eau refroidie du réseau. Pour réchauffer l’eau refroidie du réseau, on a monté une chambre à eau (6) dans le passage de gaz de la chaudière (1). Pour accumuler l’eau réchauffée du réseau pendant la période entre deux saisons de chauffage, le circuit d’eau directe du réseau a été doté d’un plan d’eau isolé (19). L’invention permet d’augmenter le degré d’utilisation du combustible pour réchauffer le caloporteur au moyen d’une technique intégrée qui comprend la réutilisation de la chaleur des gaz émis, d’augmenter la quantité de chaleur transportée jusqu’au consommateur et de garder le caloporteur à basse température, ainsi que d’accumuler et de garder le caloporteur à haute température dans la période entre deux saisons de chauffage et d’atténuer ainsi le caractère cyclique de la consommation de celui-ci.
PCT/RU2009/000086 2008-03-11 2009-02-24 Système et procédé de transport centralisé de chaleur WO2009113905A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2009800005110A CN101720410B (zh) 2008-03-11 2009-02-24 集中供热系统及方法

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2008109407 2008-03-11
RU2008109407/03A RU2364794C1 (ru) 2008-03-11 2008-03-11 Система и способ централизованного теплоснабжения

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WO2009113905A1 true WO2009113905A1 (fr) 2009-09-17

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CN (1) CN101720410B (fr)
RU (1) RU2364794C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009113905A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011105881A2 (fr) 2010-02-24 2011-09-01 Genadij Pavlovskij Système de fourniture de chaleur et d'eau chaude centralisé
CN103912908A (zh) * 2013-01-06 2014-07-09 孙霆 一种电厂冷凝热的回收利用系统和方法
CN114198800A (zh) * 2021-12-13 2022-03-18 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种双机组耦合吸收式热泵的供热系统及方法

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DK2619509T3 (da) * 2010-09-20 2020-02-03 Ab Svenskt Klimatneutralt Boende System til opbevaring af termisk energi, opvarmningsindretning omfattende nævnte system og fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af nævnte system
EA021498B1 (ru) * 2010-10-19 2015-06-30 Юрий Маркович ПЕТИН Способ горячего водоснабжения и способ отопления с его использованием
RU2454608C1 (ru) * 2011-06-10 2012-06-27 Юрий Маркович Петин Способ горячего водоснабжения и способ отопления с его использованием
RU2526771C2 (ru) * 2012-10-03 2014-08-27 Валентин Прокофьевич Проценко Универсальная система энерго- и водоснабжения
CN102997309A (zh) * 2012-12-26 2013-03-27 北京国电蓝天节能科技开发有限公司 具有高温热源加热器旁路管道的分级加热供暖系统
RU2569781C1 (ru) * 2014-12-08 2015-11-27 Василий Владимирович Даценко Способ регулирования работы теплофикационной паротурбинной установки с парокомпрессионным тепловым насосом
FI129736B (fi) * 2019-03-11 2022-08-15 Hoegforsgst Oy Kaukolämpöjärjestelmä

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011105881A2 (fr) 2010-02-24 2011-09-01 Genadij Pavlovskij Système de fourniture de chaleur et d'eau chaude centralisé
LT5778B (lt) 2010-02-24 2011-10-25 Genadij Pavlovskij Centralizuota šilumos ir karšto vandens tiekimo sistema
CN103912908A (zh) * 2013-01-06 2014-07-09 孙霆 一种电厂冷凝热的回收利用系统和方法
CN114198800A (zh) * 2021-12-13 2022-03-18 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种双机组耦合吸收式热泵的供热系统及方法
CN114198800B (zh) * 2021-12-13 2022-12-23 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种双机组耦合吸收式热泵的供热系统及方法

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CN101720410A (zh) 2010-06-02
CN101720410B (zh) 2012-08-08

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