WO2009111484A2 - Système de contrôle de précision et d'étalonnage pour éthylomètre - Google Patents

Système de contrôle de précision et d'étalonnage pour éthylomètre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009111484A2
WO2009111484A2 PCT/US2009/035898 US2009035898W WO2009111484A2 WO 2009111484 A2 WO2009111484 A2 WO 2009111484A2 US 2009035898 W US2009035898 W US 2009035898W WO 2009111484 A2 WO2009111484 A2 WO 2009111484A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
alcohol
breath
breath tester
droplets
calibration
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2009/035898
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English (en)
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WO2009111484A3 (fr
Inventor
Keith Lueck
Karl Wolf
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Alcotek, Inc.
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcotek, Inc. filed Critical Alcotek, Inc.
Publication of WO2009111484A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009111484A2/fr
Publication of WO2009111484A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009111484A3/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/483—Physical analysis of biological material
    • G01N33/497—Physical analysis of biological material of gaseous biological material, e.g. breath
    • G01N33/4972—Determining alcohol content
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
    • G01N33/0006—Calibrating gas analysers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to systems and methods for providing calibration and accuracy checking for a breath tester. Specifically, utilizing small dispersed drops of alcohol or a water and alcohol mix to simulate exhausted human breath to a breath tester.
  • the alcohol concentration of measurement interest is in a carrier gas such as air, breath, or nitrogen.
  • a typical breath ethanol concentration which would result in illegal driving in most states is 200 parts per million (ppm) or more. That is 200 parts ethanol per million parts of carrier gas regardless of the carrier gas composition. Therefore, the standards generally provide samples which contain very close to 200 ppm to make sure the dividing line is correctly calibrated.
  • Wet standards have a long history in breath testing, are well accepted, and the liquids used in them can be certified by chemical analysis against NIST traceable standards. The standards are prepared by combining known amounts of ethanol and water in a partially filled jar that is accurately heated to 34 0 C. These heated jars are sold commercially and are referred to as Simulators. At equilibrium, the quiescent headspace above the jar contains a vapor with a known concentration of ethanol along with nearly 100% relative humidity at that temperature.
  • Dry standards by contrast, have no water vapor included with them. This is because dry standards are prepared with carrier gases such as nitrogen or argon and are supplied in pressurized tanks ranging from 500 - 2500 psi. At these pressures, if water vapor were included in amounts similar to human breath concentrations in practical field use, the water would condense out of the gas, trap ethanol, and cause wholly inaccurate results.
  • the dry gas standards are typically certified by measurement against NIST-prepared standards.
  • the above-mentioned Simulators generally have input and output ports.
  • a Simulator will sit alongside a breath test machine, normally on a desktop.
  • the output of the Simulator is plumbed into the instrument such that when gas is pumped into the Simulator input (either 1 from a tester blowing into it, or from an associated gas tank or pump), a vapor of known ethanol concentration will be presented for measurement or calibration in the same manner human breath would be.
  • an electric pump is used to pump ambient air into the Simulator for this purpose.
  • the pump may be internal to the breath tester, part of the Simulator itself, or an entirely separate component.
  • gas is pumped through a Simulator for 4-10 seconds in order for a measurement to be completed.
  • This pump time varies depending on the flow rate and the amount of instrument volume that has to be purged of ambient gas before a measurement is taken to ensure the measurement is taken of the carrier gas with the correct concentration of ethanol.
  • Some breath test instruments use recirculation systems that take the ethanol vapor provided by the Simulator output, after it exits the breath tester's measurement chamber, or manifold, and pumps it back into the Simulator inlet, instead of using ambient air to provide the simulated exhalation. This greatly reduces any effects of lost ethanol from the Simulator causing lower concentrations to be provided over time since used ethanol is not exhausted to the ambient, but is returned to the Simulator. [012] Whether using recirculation systems or not, care must be taken to avoid any condensation of water from the Simulator output until the concentration of ethanol is measured by the breath tester. Otherwise, the alcohol in the gas will be less than intended due to ethanol being condensed from the gas.
  • Dry gas delivery systems generally represent a less complex system hardware design to provide automated calibrations and accuracy checks than the wet standards.
  • the dry gas system is generally easier for instrument owners to manage and maintain and the dry gas system is certainly more amenable to a portable system.
  • the only major components of a dry gas system are the tank and regulator, they are pretty easily portable and are not as affected by movement or situation as wet systems.
  • the dry gas tanks will eventually run empty, but no recirculation system is required to keep the value stable throughout the tank's lifetime.
  • dry gas standards have several factors that complicate their use. First of all, they require a compensation for barometric pressure in the breath tester.
  • this is the same general dispensing method as is used for dispensing ink in an inkjet print head.
  • minute drops of this liquid are directly dispensed into an instrument measurement chamber on demand for calibration and accuracy check requirements without need of a carrier gas, or are accurately dispensed into a carrier gas for testing using the standard breath collecting apparatus of the breath tester.
  • a calibration system for a breath tester 1 comprising: a storage reservoir containing a mixture of water and an alcohol at known concentration; a dispensing head for dispensing said mixture, said dispensing head including: a nozzle for ejecting said mixture from said storage reservoir; and means for amplifying induced capillary waves into said mixture; wherein said dispensing head can inject said mixture into a reaction chamber of said breath tester.
  • said means for amplifying comprises a heating element or a piezoelectric element.
  • said alcohol comprises ethanol or methanol.
  • said dispensing head may be connected directly to said reaction chamber or may dispense said mixture into a carrier gas.
  • a calibration system for a breath tester comprising: a storage reservoir containing alcohol; a dispensing head for dispensing droplets of known size from said storage reservoir; and a monitoring system for determining the number of droplets dispensed from said dispensing head; wherein said dispensing head dispenses a fixed number of droplets to said breath tester and said breath tester is calibrated based on the resulting concentration of alcohol is based on said fixed number of drops dispensed.
  • said fixed number of droplets may be dispensed directly to a reaction chamber in said breath tester or may be dispensed into a carrier gas which is then supplied to said breath tester.
  • the fixed number of droplets may change between successive tests or may change according to a pattern over time.
  • said storage reservoir also includes water.
  • the alcohol comprises ethanol or methanol.
  • a method of calibration of a breath tester comprising: providing a storage reservoir containing alcohol internal to a breath tester; dispensing a preselected number of droplets of known size from said storage reservoir to said breath tester; determining the breath alcohol level said preselected number of droplets represents; and calibrating said breath tester based on the resulting concentration of alcohol.
  • the droplets may be dispensed directly to a reaction chamber in said breath tester.
  • the storage reservoir also includes water.
  • the alcohol may comprise ethanol or methanol.
  • FIG. 1 provides for a prior art fuel cell sampling system in top view (FIG. IA) and sectioned side view (FIG. IB).
  • FIG. 2 provides a simplified sectioned side view of the sampling piston portion of the fuel cell sampling system of FIG. 1 in three different positions.
  • a ready or down position (FIG. 2A)
  • the energized sampling position (FIG. 2B)
  • an up position where the sample is in the reaction chamber (FIG. 2C).
  • FIG. 3 provides the sectioned side view of FIG. 1 enlarged with component labeling.
  • FIG. 4 shows how to utilize a dispersed fluid jet to provide vapor simulative of breath directly to a fuel cell reaction chamber.
  • FIG. 5 provides an embodiment of a calibration system using a dispersed fluid jet with a carrier gas.
  • FIG. 6 provides an embodiment of a discrete breath tester used in combination with the calibration system of FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 7 provides an embodiment of a continuous breath tester in combination with the calibration system of FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 1 provides an example of a prior art fuel cell sampling system (100) and would be common in an alcohol breath tester of current known design. This particular sampling system (100) is not meant to define the only type of sampling system with which the calibration and accuracy testing systems and methods discussed herein may be used, but is meant to simply illustrate one exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 there is a top view provided as FIG. IA and a sectioned side-view as FIG. IB.
  • FIG. 2 A simplified and sectioned schematic view of the mechanism is shown in FIG. 2 in three different positions (FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B and FIG. 2C) which show the sampling operation of obtaining a sample from an associated manifold and placing it in the reaction chamber (133) for testing.
  • FIG. 3 the sectioned side view of FIG. 1 at the position of FIG. 2C is enlarged and shown with additional components.
  • the primary movement of the sampling system (100) is a centrally located piston (101) which moves up against an upper stop (103) and down against a lower stop (105). When the piston (101) is in the down position as shown in FIG. 2A, the sampling mechanism is cocked.
  • the bi-stable spring mechanism (111) at the top of the piston (101) is at rest with one of the arms (113) resting on the edge of a spring- loaded armature (115) next to an electromagnetic coil. This is the pre-testing state.
  • the armature (115) moves towards the coil (to the right in the FIG.) and the lever arm (113) is released as shown in FIG. 2B, which provides for a sample to be pulled from the inlet (131) into the sample chamber.
  • the springs (111) in turn, pull the piston (101) up against the upper stop (103) as shown in FIG. 2C, which has now had an entire sample placed in the reaction chamber (133) and is ready to commence testing of the sample.
  • FIG. 3 shows that the piston ( 101 ) is in turn connected to the top of a diaphragm (121), anchored at its periphery (123).
  • the piston (101) goes up, the center of the diaphragm (121) is pulled up creating a vacuum and a gas sample is sucked in through the sample inlet (131) (generally from a breach manifold or other collection system) into a gas reaction chamber (133) between the diaphragm and the face of a fuel cell (135).
  • the time for the sampling to occur is generally a fraction of a second.
  • the entire assembly is roughly 1 /4" square and the total volume of the sample taken is a known pre-set amount of approximately 1 cubic centimeter.
  • the sampling piston (101) is generally operated between the two fixed mechanical stops (103) and (105) to maximize the repeat accuracy of the pump stroke in pulling in a sample of fixed size, In the down position as shown in FIG. 2A 5 the piston (101) face (and thus the diaphragm (121)) will generally nearly touch the fuel cell (135) face so as to minimize the amount of ambient air in the gas reaction chamber (133). The piston (101) will generally only travel approximately .07 inches between the down and the up position. Prior experiments have generally indicated that the sample volume taken in is repeatable and consistent with a less than 0.3% change between sample sizes providing a high level of accuracy in determining the alcohol present in the larger "breath" from which the sample is taken.
  • the sampling inlet (131) generally protrudes into a manifold (605) of flowing gas from which it withdraws the sample for analysis, as is generally shown in FIG. 6.
  • the flowing gas may be human breath in the case of an alcohol breath test or it might be either a wet or dry gas standard for instrument calibration or accuracy check.
  • the manifold (605) will comprise a sealed pathway which is designed concentrate the breath into a flowing stream for testing purposes. In order to make sure that a good sample is collected from a human using the breath tester, the stream therefore includes significantly more gas than will be pulled into the reaction chamber (133).
  • FIG. 4 shows a first embodiment illustrating how a test sample of material may be provided on demand. Specifically, in the embodiment of FIG. 4 the piston (101) and thus the diaphragm (121) are placed in the UP position of FIG. 2C.
  • the dispensing head (405) is designed to provide for a number of evenly sized droplets of liquid. Specifically, the drops (401) will be of a specific predetermined size and the action of supplying them will result in a specific number of drops (401) being provided. In another embodiment, the number of drops (401) is counted by a monitoring system (419) to determine the number dispensed in this test. Thus, any variation in the specific number between tests can be determined.
  • the monitoring system (419) may comprise any system or means known to one of ordinary skill in the art for determining the number of droplets (401) dispensed including but not limited to microprocessor controls, hard wiied circuits, or hardware counting mechanisms.
  • the automatic instrument calibrations and accuracy checks performed by the breath tester (100) will be highly accurate and require a much smaller amount of calibration material to be used per test.
  • all liquid material (407) is injected directly into the reaction chamber (133) which had already taken in the necessary "carrier” gas by being moved into the position of FIG. 2C.
  • the amount of alcohol injected with each test can be determined to a high degree of accuracy.
  • the liquid may be injected into the reaction chamber (133) while the piston (101) is in the position of FIG. 2A where the reaction chamber is much smaller but remains still and is filled with a "carrier” gas (generally air) which is in an ambient state.
  • a "carrier” gas generally air
  • gas (and carried liquid) is not exhausted to ambient during calibration. Since the injected material is alcohol or alcohol and water, the standard source can be continually supplied at low cost.
  • the vessel (403) may be provided in a sealed or refillable form internal to the encasement of the device and thus is available at any time and at any location. Thus the device may be calibrated and/or tested for accuracy at any time. Further, since the liquid (407) is directly injected into the reaction chamber (133), there is virtually no possibility of condensation in the air path, and therefore the concentration is clear, repeatable and determinable.
  • drops (401) are to be of a known size (so each includes a known amount of liquid) and the number of drops (401) dispensed needs to be determinable for each test.
  • those facets of the droplets (401) are determined by using a nozzle (415) for dispensing in conjunction with a means (417) for inducing capillary waves on the liquid (407).
  • a wide variety of methods and means may be used.
  • these include, but not limited to, piezo- type or resistive heating devices which can be used for such purpose as is know to those of ordinary skill in the art. Specifically, these devices will generally cause the liquid (407) to be ejected from the nozzle (415) in a jet of known (and consistent) sized droplets (401). Depending on the specific design of the inducement device (417) and nozzle (405), the drop (401) sizes of the liquid (407) may vary, as might the rate of production of the drops. So as to insure that the specifically desired amount is dispensed, the breath tester (100) may also include an electronic control or monitoring system (419) which will seek to provide a certain number of certain sized drops (401) to be dispensed on demand.
  • an electronic control or monitoring system (419) which will seek to provide a certain number of certain sized drops (401) to be dispensed on demand.
  • the monitoring system (419) may have the capability to vary the number of drops (401) on demand (such as by determining how many individual drops are formed).
  • various equivalent standards might be presented to the fuel cell (135), performing, for example, an automatic linearity test to make sure that the breath tester (100) is accurately determining a range of values. Because some users of breath testers will find it beneficial to perform accuracy and calibration tests at more than one gas concentration, this not only allows for the breath tester calibration to be performed wherever and whenever is needed, but can allow for a variety of tests to be performed at the same time.
  • the vessel (403) may contain pure alcohol but in the depicted embodiment it does not contain pure alcohol, but includes a known concentration of alcohol mixed with water and/or other liquids commonly found in human breath. Pure alcohol is extremely hygroscopic and therefore difficult to handle without it immediately taking on water. A mixture with water is more stable and therefore can provide for easier and longer term storage of the breath tester. Also, the more dilute the alcohol/water mixture is, the more drops (401) will be required per calibration sample resulting in larger samples needing to be produced for the same concentration. Up until a limit, a larger sample will generally make the system more accurate as a delivery error of one drop will have far less effect on the total alcohol delivered if the alcohol has been heavily diluted with water.
  • the dispensing head (405) would generally inject the alcohol, water, or other liquid at a calculated rate that would provide a specific concentration of one or more substances such as, but not limited to, ethanol; ethanol & water; methanol; or methanol & ethanol & water.
  • liquids (407) or combination of liquids (407) that could be injected into the reaction chamber (133) and can be stored in the vessel (403).
  • the liquid (407) in multiple vessels (403) could be duplicative, so as to provide for possible independent verifications of any reading from any one vessel (403), or could include different materials so as to provide for different tests.
  • the different liquids (407) could be used to provide for different types of testing.
  • the testing could be to detect specific interfering substances. That is, the different heads (405) could provide the same sample sizes, but using different mixtures (407). Alternatively, the different heads (405) could produce different sample sizes with different mixtures (407). In an embodiment, this would provide for a further accuracy check as the same net alcohol amount could be provided in two different samples. One sample could be a smaller amount of a higher concentration, and the other a larger amount of a lower concentration. If the breath tester (100) read both samples identically and accurately, its calibration could be further confirmed.
  • the reservoir (403) may need to be heated to keep the mixture (407) at a known density. It might also need to be vented in some fashion. In an embodiment, this venting could comprise a one-way check valve to always equalize pressure in the vessel (403) with ambient pressure. Alternatively, a pressure may be applied to the reservoir (403) as it empties so as to maintain the mixture (407) at a constant determinable state. In order to maintain such a pressure, or simply to determine how full the reservoir (403) is, sensors may be associated with the reservoir (403).
  • such sensors can also be used to determine orientation of the vessel (403), and therefore make sure that a correct fluid amount is fed to the head (405) in each test as well as to determine the fill level and equalize the pressure and/or notify a user that the vessel (403) needs refilling.
  • the drops (401) may be delivered to the reaction chamber (133) as tiny drops of liquid that attach to the fuel cell (135) in liquid form or they may almost instantaneously transform to vapor as they exit the head (405) and be essentially delivered to the reaction chamber (133) as a vapor in conjunction with air or other gas being present.
  • the generally preferred design will include little or no dead space between the nozzle (415) exit and the reaction chamber (133) so as to prevent drops (401) from contacting or adhering to any form of carrier component. In this way, drops (401) are not lost in transit but all drops (401) created by the head (405) make it to the reaction chamber (133).
  • the head (405) can be oriented compared to the fuel cell (135) surface and while the embodiment of FIG. 4 shows it being arranged at the side, this is by no means required.
  • There may be advantages to one orientation or another specifically to provide for reservoir (403) being positioned within the housing of the breath tester (100) which will generally depend on the type of breath tester (100) being used and the relative positioning of the components.
  • the pure water head (405) could then be used to re-hydrate the fuel cell (133) either on-demand or according to an automated schedule.
  • Dispensing systems such as those contemplated above could also be used for applying other reference chemicals to the sensor (135) to facilitate the detection of "interfering substances” or calibrating the detection of such substances.
  • sensors might have cross-sensitivity to compounds that might be expected in the breath, the presence of which could result in the breath tester (100) producing an inaccurate result.
  • the ability to calibrate the breath tester (100) to deal with the presence of such substances can further increase its accuracy.
  • the vessel (407) and dispensing head (405) contemplated herein would generally be significantly smaller than a dry gas tank or a wet simulator, thus making it advantageous for use in portable as well as fixed-location equipment. Furthermore, the power required to operate this apparatus would be much less than that required to operate a wet bath Simulator (which typically requires heaters and stirrer motors) as well as being significantly easier to use and more stable. As mentioned above, these systems do not require high pressure gas to be stored, thus removing a safety concern with dry gas standards. Further, it is highly likely that such a system could be enclosed in the same housing as the remaining components of the breath alcohol tester (100) and thus would be highly convenient for use at any time.
  • a carrier gas (511) is utilized (so as to be an external standard).
  • the carrier gas (511) is generally air, but the embodiment does not mean to rule out other carrier gases and nitrogen or other carrier gases could be used in alternative embodiments.
  • the air could be conditioned air that is heated, dehumidified, or exposed to some other conditioning by an air conditioning system (505) prior to having the ethanol and/or water injected therein to make sure it has expected properties.
  • the air would be supplied, presumably by a pump (503), at a constant flow rate from the ambient (501) to eliminate the need for a compressed tank.
  • a pump 503
  • regulated delivery from a pressurized tank of carrier gas (511) could be used.
  • a pump (503) could be used to present an approximately known flow rate and a mass flow sensor or flow sensor could be used to measure the exact mass flow rate or flow rate in order to calculate the exact rate the dispensing system should deliver drops in order to produce a precise and desired concentration.
  • a similar feedback system could be used with pressurized carrier gas as well.
  • Heads (405) would inject the alcohol (507), water (509), or other liquid at a calculated rate that, in conjunction with the flow of carrier gas (511), would provide a specific concentration of one or more substances such as, but not limited to, ethanol; ethanol & water; methanol; or methanol & ethanol & water into the carrier gas stream (511).
  • fewer heads (405) will generally be required, which can simplify the system; however, providing for more specific alternative concentrations can be more difficult.
  • the liquid (507) or (509) in multiple reservoirs could be duplicative or each could be different depending on the desired outcome.
  • the different liquids could be added at different rates at different times to provide a variety of vapor concentrations. Further, the rates of injection could be varied in real time in order to provide a profile over time of changing concentrations of one or more substances in the carrier gas (511).
  • the carrier gas (511) and fluid mixture may be provided to the breath tester (517) at this point, it may be required, in some embodiments, that the substance be carried as a vapor in the carrier gas (511) and not as an aerosol which may be produced by the dispensing head (405). Some turbulence may, therefore, need to be added to the flow in order to produce complete homogeneity of the mixture.
  • the output carrier gas (511) with the fluid therein is fed into a homogenizer (513) so as to provide a more homogenized carrier gas/fluid mixture (515) (that is, a vapor) which is then provided to the breath tester (517).
  • a homogenizer 513
  • Other conditioning of the flow may be required such as heating or pressure change in order to produce homogeneity of the mixture (515) which may be performed by the homogenizer (513).
  • the carrier gas (515) (and thus the carried liquid) may be provided to a breath tester by variety of different methodologies.
  • a breath tester 601 which takes a discrete small sample for analysis at an instant in time during a human subject's exhalation.
  • This type of tester 601 typically includes a sampling port (603) with inlet (131) that protrudes into a mouthpiece or manifold (605) of flowing gas.
  • the manifold (605) may be a permanent part of the breath tester (601) or may be a temporary manifold such as a disposable mouthpiece (605) temporarily mounted on a breath tester's sampling port (603).
  • the manifold (605) could be a part of a testing system that temporarily connects to the breath tester (601) such as to replace such a disposable mouth piece (605).
  • the flowing gas (607) into the manifold (605) of whatever description could be a designed concentration of a known vapor in a carrier gas (515) as would be produced in FIG. 5.
  • the breath tester (601) will obtain a sample through the inlet port (603) and (131) in the standard fashion. The gas which is not utilized is then exhausted (609) from the manifold (605).
  • a second type of Breath Tester (701) makes a continuous analysis in real time during a human subject's exhalation and an example is shown in FIG. 7.
  • This tester (701) typically includes a measurement chamber (703) through which all the flowing gas (707) passes through. There is connecting tubing (705) which directs the gas (707) into and out of (709) the chamber (703).
  • a measurement system such as one utilizing an infrared source (711) and detector (713) can then be used.
  • the carrier gas (707) can be continuously provided having either a fixed concentration or a varying concentration of known variance to provide for the carrier gas (707) to be tested in the chamber (703).

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Abstract

L'invention concerne des systèmes de contrôle de précision et d'étalonnage pour un renifleur à produits chimiques, tel qu’un alcootest, utilisant la distribution de gouttelettes selon une concentration à déterminer d'alcool et/ou d'autres liquides selon un nombre à déterminer directement dans une chambre de réaction, ou dans un gaz porteur qui peut être échantillonné. Les systèmes permettent généralement de fournir à l'alcootest une concentration précise d'échantillon et permettent également un système simplifié pouvant être plus facile à déplacer, et nécessitant une moindre complexité de fonctionnement par rapport aux précédents systèmes d'étalonnage secs ou humides.
PCT/US2009/035898 2008-03-03 2009-03-03 Système de contrôle de précision et d'étalonnage pour éthylomètre WO2009111484A2 (fr)

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Cited By (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014003674A1 (fr) 2012-06-27 2014-01-03 Alco Systems Sweden Ab Dispositif de calibration d'alcool expiré dans l'air à base de cartouche
US10436770B2 (en) 2013-07-31 2019-10-08 1A Smart Start, Llc Automated calibration station for ignition interlock devices
US10596903B2 (en) 2015-10-13 2020-03-24 Consumer Safety Technology, Llc Networked intoxication vehicle immobilization
US10663440B2 (en) 2016-09-09 2020-05-26 Consumer Safety Technology, Llc Secure data handling in a breath alcohol calibration station
US10877008B2 (en) 2016-09-09 2020-12-29 Consumer Safety Technology, Llc Reference gas management in a breath alcohol calibration station

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US10436770B2 (en) 2013-07-31 2019-10-08 1A Smart Start, Llc Automated calibration station for ignition interlock devices
US10458975B1 (en) 2013-07-31 2019-10-29 1A Smart Start, Llc Calibration device and method for calibrating an ignition interlock device
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