WO2009101234A1 - Compensador serie de tensión y método para la compensación serie de tensión en generadores eléctricos - Google Patents
Compensador serie de tensión y método para la compensación serie de tensión en generadores eléctricos Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009101234A1 WO2009101234A1 PCT/ES2009/070028 ES2009070028W WO2009101234A1 WO 2009101234 A1 WO2009101234 A1 WO 2009101234A1 ES 2009070028 W ES2009070028 W ES 2009070028W WO 2009101234 A1 WO2009101234 A1 WO 2009101234A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- series
- generator
- compensator
- compensator according
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000555745 Sciuridae Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009474 immediate action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
- H02J3/1807—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using series compensators
- H02J3/1814—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using series compensators wherein al least one reactive element is actively controlled by a bridge converter, e.g. unified power flow controllers [UPFC]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/10—Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device and method for the series compensation of network voltage.
- the device and method of the invention is of special application to electric generators, in particular to electric generators used in wind turbines.
- asynchronous generators are preferred over synchronous generators for various reasons.
- asynchronous generators preferably used in wind turbines: squirrel cage generators and winding rotor generators.
- Asynchronous squirrel cage generators have the advantage of having high reliability, robustness, high power-to-weight ratio and high capacity of transient overload, for this reason they have been used preferentially in the first wind turbines.
- One way to soften the mechanical characteristic of the generator is the insertion of resistors in the electric circuit of the rotor, so that the generator no longer works with the rotor short-circuited, thereby increasing the slippage of the generator.
- This technique requires that the electric circuit of the rotor be accessible, so an asynchronous generator configuration called a winding rotor is used, consisting of winding the three phases of the electric circuit of the rotor and making the terminals of each phase accessible.
- This drawback can be overcome in asynchronous winding rotor generators by connecting a voltage source to the generator rotor.
- This asynchronous generator configuration is called a double-powered asynchronous generator.
- An electronic inverter is used as a rotor power supply that allows continuous adjustment of the magnitude, frequency and phase angle of the voltage applied to the rotor of the asynchronous generator. Through this adjustment of the voltage applied to the rotor it is possible to control the electric variables of the generator, including the active and reactive powers injected by it into the grid.
- Compensation systems connected in series are more suitable in the case of significant voltage drops in the network, since the voltage that these devices inject into the network adds to the residual network voltage during the fault so that in the generator The resulting voltage is nominal.
- DVR dynamic voltage restorative
- this device To compensate for voltage dips in electric charges, this device must also have an energy storage system to provide additional energy to the load during the voltage gap.
- the device can only have an energy dissipation system, which is usually a set of resistors.
- the disadvantage of this compensation system, connected in series by means of a transformer, is the losses produced in the transformer and the consequent reduction of the overall performance of the generation system.
- the inclusion of a transformer in dynamic voltage restorers leads to significant voltage drops, problems associated with saturation of the magnetic material, more complex protection systems of the device and in general they are very bulky and heavy equipment, even reaching not being able to be installed in wind turbines in the rehabilitation phase, that is, in wind turbines already installed and operational.
- the dimensions of the tower on which they are located are such that the installation of a transformer of such volume and weight, is as indicated, in many cases, an impossible task.
- a series voltage compensator for electric generators comprising:
- filter means connected in series between each of the generator phases and each of the phases of an energy distribution network electrical, respectively, and electronic power converter means connected and feeding the filter means.
- the electric generator of any nature and type, is connected to a turbine, such as a wind turbine.
- the compensator of the invention avoids the need for parallel compensation means by adapting the series compensator to function as a reactive series compensator, being able to perform the reactive compensation function by injecting a voltage in quadrature with the generator current.
- each phase of the generator is connected in series to a phase of the electrical power grid through the output terminals of a filter, to whose input terminals a single-phase inverter is connected to lead to carry out the control of the voltage applied to each phase of the generator, each single phase inverter having an independent direct current stage.
- This configuration provides the necessary galvanic isolation between the phases of the electrical system, formed by the generator, the voltage series compensator and the network.
- the compensator of the invention guarantees the supply of energy, by the electric generator, when voltage variations occur in the electric network both in a balanced and in an unbalanced regime, thus contributing to the stability of the electricity grid. , providing the required reactive power.
- the compensator of the invention allows the voltage applied to the generator to be substantially three-phase and balanced regardless of the voltage variations and imbalances existing in the power grid.
- the compensator of the invention reduces the sudden variations in electromagnetic torque that occur as a result of changes in the voltage of the electricity grid, thus reducing the mechanical loads on the wind turbine transmission system.
- the present invention presents, in a second inventive aspect, a method for series voltage compensation in electric generators comprising the steps of:
- a third aspect of the invention concerns a computer program comprising program code means for effecting a method of series voltage compensation in electric generators according to the second aspect of the invention, when said program is run on a computer.
- the computer program is copied to a medium readable by a computer.
- a fourth aspect of the invention concerns a support readable by a computer containing a computer program comprising program code means for effecting the voltage series compensation method in electric generators according to the second aspect of the invention, when said program is Run on a computer.
- Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a series voltage compensator according to the invention.
- Figure 2 shows a single-phase electronic converter according to the invention.
- Figure 3 shows a vector diagram of the voltages and currents of the explanatory system of the series voltage compensation in case of a sudden drop in the grid voltage according to the invention.
- Figure 4 shows a vector diagram of system voltages and currents explanatory of the reactive series compensation according to the invention.
- the generator 1 1 is mechanically coupled to a turbine 12, such as a wind turbine.
- the series voltage compensator generally comprises a filter 16 and an electronic power converter 15 per phase.
- the series voltage compensator is connected in series between the generator 11 and the mains 22.
- a first end 16-1 of the filter is connected to the corresponding phase of the generator 11 and a second end 16-2 of the filter is connected to the corresponding phase of the mains.
- a bypass element 18 such as a switch is connected in parallel between the first and second end 16-1 and 16-2 of the filter 16.
- the filter is a quadrupole whose input terminals 16-3 and 16-4 are connected to the output terminals 15-1 and 15-2 of an electronic power converter 15.
- Figure 1 shows a particular embodiment of the filter, consisting of a series-parallel association of a coil 17 and a capacitor 20 representing a low pass filter, in order to attenuate the high harmonics. frequency produced by the electronic power converter.
- the voltage series compensator comprises a transformer 19 connected to the power grid on the side of the generator 11 to feed each of the continuous stages of the electronic power converter means 16 by means of the rectifying means in isolation single phase 23.
- the three generator phases 11 are connected to the three terminals of the primary winding of said three-phase transformer 19, where each of the three phases of the secondary winding are connected to the input terminals AA 'of each of the electronic converters of power 15.
- the electronic power converter 15, consists of a direct current stage comprising a capacitor 26, whose function is to maintain the input direct current voltage to the inverter.
- the function of said transformer 19 is to set the voltage of the capacitor 26, although this can be achieved by other means, such as with the control electronics of the compensator.
- terminals A-A 'of the electronic power converter 15 are connected to the input of a rectifier bridge 23 whose function is to set the voltage of the direct current stage where the capacitor 26 is located.
- a limiting device 24 comprising a fixed resistor 28 connected in series to a first switching element 27, which has a control terminal through which a first module of control 34 generates and supplies an on and / or off signal by means of a first control algorithm stored in the first controller
- the direct current stage is connected, in turn, to a single phase inverter 25 comprising a set of switching elements arranged in two branches.
- the first one comprises a second and third switching element 30 and 31, and the second branch comprises a fourth and fifth switching elements 32 and 33.
- Each switching element of the single-phase inverter 25 includes a control terminal through which an on and / or off signal generated and supplied by a second controller module 35 that stores and executes a second control algorithm is applied.
- the voltage V 1 can be set in such a way that the angle ⁇ formed by the voltage vector, V s , of the generator 1 1 and the voltage V g , of network 22, is controlled so that in this way it is possible control the reactive current injected into the electricity distribution network 22.
- the voltage vectors, V s , of the generator 11, voltage V g , network 22, voltage V 1, a have been represented the output of the filter 16 and the current vector I s , in order to describe how the reactive power control injected (or absorbed) by the series compensator in the network 22 is performed.
- the control module 35 acts on the single-phase inverter 25 applying a voltage to the input of the filter 16 resulting in the voltage V 1 to the output of the filter such that the voltage V g forms a certain angle ⁇ with the stator current vector I s .
- the present invention can be implemented in a variety of computers including microprocessors, a computer readable storage medium, which includes volatile and non-volatile memory elements and / or storage elements.
- the logic of the computer hardware that cooperates with various instruction sets is applied to the data to perform the functions described above and to generate output information.
- the programs used by the computer hardware taken as an example can preferably be implemented in various programming languages, including a high-level programming language oriented to procedures or objects for communicating with a computer system.
- Each computer program is preferably stored in a storage medium or device (for example, ROM or magnetic disk) that is readable by a general purpose or special programmable computer to configure and operate the computer when the storage medium or device is read by the computer in order to execute the procedures described above.
- the first may be considered and second controller are implemented as a computer readable storage medium, configured with a computer program, wherein the storage medium thus configured causes a computer to function in a specific and predefined manner.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/867,167 US20110019443A1 (en) | 2008-02-15 | 2009-02-16 | Series voltage compensator and method for series voltage compensation in electrical generators |
CN2009801012662A CN101889378A (zh) | 2008-02-15 | 2009-02-16 | 串联电压补偿器和在发电机中用于串联电压补偿的方法 |
EP09711122A EP2256893A1 (en) | 2008-02-15 | 2009-02-16 | Series voltage compensator and method for series voltage compensation in electrical generators |
CA2715238A CA2715238A1 (en) | 2008-02-15 | 2009-02-16 | Series voltage compensator and method for series voltage compensation in electrical generators |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES2008070025 | 2008-02-15 | ||
ESPCT/ES2008/070025 | 2008-02-15 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2009101234A1 true WO2009101234A1 (es) | 2009-08-20 |
Family
ID=40626961
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/ES2009/070028 WO2009101234A1 (es) | 2008-02-15 | 2009-02-16 | Compensador serie de tensión y método para la compensación serie de tensión en generadores eléctricos |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20110019443A1 (es) |
EP (1) | EP2256893A1 (es) |
CN (1) | CN101889378A (es) |
CA (1) | CA2715238A1 (es) |
WO (1) | WO2009101234A1 (es) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107769221A (zh) * | 2016-08-17 | 2018-03-06 | 新能动力(北京)电气科技有限公司 | 一种供电质量优化装置及方法 |
CN114123358A (zh) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-03-01 | 国网电力科学研究院有限公司 | 一种用于潮流控制装置的无功功率补偿装置、方法及系统 |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008077974A1 (es) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-07-03 | Wind To Power System, S.L. | Generador asíncrono de doble alimentación |
ES2581427T3 (es) * | 2008-12-12 | 2016-09-05 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Método y aparato de control |
BRPI0909215A2 (pt) * | 2009-05-01 | 2015-08-25 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Aparelho de geração e método de controle do mesmo |
CA2717125A1 (en) * | 2009-06-05 | 2010-12-05 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Utility grid stabilization apparatus and method, as well as wind power generating system |
CN101969201A (zh) * | 2010-09-17 | 2011-02-09 | 北京三得普华科技有限责任公司 | 一种用于辅助风力发电机实现低压穿越的动态电压稳定器 |
DE102011000459B4 (de) * | 2011-02-02 | 2017-11-02 | Universität Kassel | Verfahren zur Lieferung von Blindstrom mit einem Umrichter sowie Umrichteranordnung und Energieversorgungsanlage |
CN102904485A (zh) * | 2012-09-21 | 2013-01-30 | 上海交通大学 | 一种基于太阳能光伏发电的电能质量串联补偿器 |
CN103414205A (zh) * | 2013-07-12 | 2013-11-27 | 国家电网公司 | 风电场超级电容储能型统一电能质量调节器 |
CN103401413A (zh) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-11-20 | 华南理工大学 | 一种功率因数调整电路及其工作方法 |
CN104578083B (zh) * | 2015-02-25 | 2017-05-03 | 国家电网公司 | 一种配电网动态电压稳定器的控制策略 |
DE102017112958A1 (de) * | 2017-06-13 | 2018-12-13 | Wobben Properties Gmbh | Windenergieanlage mit getriebelosem Generator und Generatorfilter |
CN107658905B (zh) * | 2017-10-31 | 2023-08-15 | 长沙理工大学 | 一种基于双馈风电场的电网故障穿越系统和方法 |
KR102328616B1 (ko) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-11-18 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | 기존의 배전용 변압기에 작은 전력 변환기를 추가한 지능형 변압기 토폴로지 |
CN112510727B (zh) * | 2020-10-16 | 2022-05-17 | 浙江大学 | 一种配网电压暂降治理装置及其控制方法 |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1996039736A1 (en) * | 1995-06-05 | 1996-12-12 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Inverter controlled series compensator |
EP0951126A1 (en) * | 1998-04-15 | 1999-10-20 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Compensation device and power transmission system using a compensation device |
EP0982827A1 (en) * | 1998-08-26 | 2000-03-01 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Compensation device and power transmission system using a compensation device |
US6130524A (en) * | 1997-07-31 | 2000-10-10 | Asea Brown Boveri Ag | Method and apparatus for generating and injecting reactive power into an electrical AC power grid system using an inverter |
GB2423650A (en) * | 2005-02-24 | 2006-08-30 | Alstom | Power converters |
DE102005027894A1 (de) * | 2005-06-16 | 2006-12-28 | Elektronik 21 Gmbh | Hybrides Leistungsfilter |
WO2008081049A1 (es) | 2006-12-28 | 2008-07-10 | Wind To Power System, S.L. | Generador asíncrono con control de la tensión aplicada al estator |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE457588B (sv) * | 1987-05-04 | 1989-01-09 | Asea Ab | Seriekondensatorutrustning |
US5757099A (en) * | 1996-03-01 | 1998-05-26 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Hybrid parallel active/passive filter system with dynamically variable inductance |
DE10114075B4 (de) * | 2001-03-22 | 2005-08-18 | Semikron Elektronik Gmbh | Stromrichterschaltungsanordnung für Generatoren mit dynamisch veränderlicher Leistungsabgabe |
-
2009
- 2009-02-16 WO PCT/ES2009/070028 patent/WO2009101234A1/es active Application Filing
- 2009-02-16 CA CA2715238A patent/CA2715238A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-02-16 EP EP09711122A patent/EP2256893A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-02-16 US US12/867,167 patent/US20110019443A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-02-16 CN CN2009801012662A patent/CN101889378A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO1996039736A1 (en) * | 1995-06-05 | 1996-12-12 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Inverter controlled series compensator |
US6130524A (en) * | 1997-07-31 | 2000-10-10 | Asea Brown Boveri Ag | Method and apparatus for generating and injecting reactive power into an electrical AC power grid system using an inverter |
EP0951126A1 (en) * | 1998-04-15 | 1999-10-20 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Compensation device and power transmission system using a compensation device |
EP0982827A1 (en) * | 1998-08-26 | 2000-03-01 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Compensation device and power transmission system using a compensation device |
GB2423650A (en) * | 2005-02-24 | 2006-08-30 | Alstom | Power converters |
DE102005027894A1 (de) * | 2005-06-16 | 2006-12-28 | Elektronik 21 Gmbh | Hybrides Leistungsfilter |
WO2008081049A1 (es) | 2006-12-28 | 2008-07-10 | Wind To Power System, S.L. | Generador asíncrono con control de la tensión aplicada al estator |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107769221A (zh) * | 2016-08-17 | 2018-03-06 | 新能动力(北京)电气科技有限公司 | 一种供电质量优化装置及方法 |
CN114123358A (zh) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-03-01 | 国网电力科学研究院有限公司 | 一种用于潮流控制装置的无功功率补偿装置、方法及系统 |
CN114123358B (zh) * | 2021-11-11 | 2024-06-11 | 国网电力科学研究院有限公司 | 一种用于潮流控制装置的无功功率补偿装置、方法及系统 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20110019443A1 (en) | 2011-01-27 |
CN101889378A (zh) | 2010-11-17 |
CA2715238A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
EP2256893A1 (en) | 2010-12-01 |
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