WO2009100487A1 - Unité de gazéification en aval à interface de lit avec la zone de réduction actionnée sur plusieurs axes - Google Patents

Unité de gazéification en aval à interface de lit avec la zone de réduction actionnée sur plusieurs axes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009100487A1
WO2009100487A1 PCT/AU2009/000159 AU2009000159W WO2009100487A1 WO 2009100487 A1 WO2009100487 A1 WO 2009100487A1 AU 2009000159 W AU2009000159 W AU 2009000159W WO 2009100487 A1 WO2009100487 A1 WO 2009100487A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bed
thermo
chemical reaction
reaction pipe
gasifier
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU2009/000159
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jens Berkan
Original Assignee
Jens Berkan
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2008900648A external-priority patent/AU2008900648A0/en
Application filed by Jens Berkan filed Critical Jens Berkan
Publication of WO2009100487A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009100487A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/22—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues
    • C10J3/24—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed
    • C10J3/26—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed downwardly
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/09—Mechanical details of gasifiers not otherwise provided for, e.g. sealing means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel gas generator acting as a gasifier and preferred as a downstream gasifier for the gasification of various solid fuels preferred such as bio fuels from wood or other sources but not limited to this, to supply at least one propulsion engine with a fuel gas which is, for the regular operation of the propulsion engine, at least partially one source of fuel, whereby the propulsion engine is a combustion engine, and whereby the combustion engine, in particular driving an energy conversion unit to transform mechanic energy into another form of energy, is connected to one or more energy consumers.
  • this energy consumer can be a generator to generate electric energy.
  • the gasifier's thermo- chemical reduction zone does not contain a conventional bed in its lower end, as it is known from other gasifiers.
  • thermo- chemical reaction pipe of the gasifier of which the described invention is the floor bed.
  • Rotating beds and fingers are not a new approach and there have been invented many gasifier systems showing such features.
  • these technical solutions are limited where high dynamic of the gasification process is required, for instance for electric power generation in insulated grids.
  • Another aspect is that these technical solutions are limiting the suitability of the gasifier and the power generation system for different solid fuel sources, for instance such as wood-waste, residues from winery or seed oil manufacturing, or coal or peat.
  • the apparatus needs to self adjust its geometry to compensate for wear, slagging, contamination with foreign inert material, and optimized gasification efficiency with regard to required power output and specific properties of the input material.
  • the primary feature or advantage of the present invention is an improved gasifier, economical to operate and durable in use.
  • Another feature or advantage of the present invention is the provision of a gasifier that more uniformly heats and distributes the material inside the reactive zone to improve efficiency and dynamic.
  • Another feature or advantage of the present invention is to improve the gaseous oxidation agents through the fuel material.
  • the embodiment of the gasification reactor (gasifier) exemplarily shown in figure 1 is a downstream fixed bed gasifier used to generate energy.
  • the bottom of the reactor which is the bed can be a fixed bed or a rotating bed as described in Canal patent Nr. 235261 , issued 16. March 1945.
  • the gasifier's outer shell (2) contains the components and parts of the gasifier and provides a gas sealed confinement.
  • Pipe-style feedthroughs (3) supply the gaseous oxidation agent into the oxidation zone (5) of the thermo-chemical reactor. Downstream, the thermo-chemical reaction pipe features the area of the reduction zone (10).
  • the gaseous oxidation agent flows (4) through the oxidation zone, where it chemically and exothermically reacts with the solid fuel, and which likewise falls downstream through the gasifier (1).
  • the Boudouard- and water-gas reactions will reform the final fuel gas with its high content in carbon monoxide, hydrogen and some methane as well as inert components such as water or carbon dioxide or nitrogen.
  • a device to remove ash and other particle residues is exemplarily given in (8) which is a screw conveyor.
  • the suction pipe (9) removes the raw fuel gas from the gasifier and is connected to a de-dusting device.
  • the bed (6) which can be a rotating bed, features a fix gap (7) towards the thermo- chemical reaction pipe, which allows fuel gas as well as ash and particles to exit the thermo-chemical reaction pipe and to enter the bottom area of the gasifier.
  • the present invention relates to the family of not fixed bed gasifiers.
  • the present invention can be used in systems such as shown in figure 2.
  • the present invention can be used in any type of system where a gasifier for gasifying solid fuels is desired.
  • Figure 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 show cut away side views of the lower part of the described downdraft gasifier to illustrate the invention.
  • the gasifier assembly in figure 3 features an assembly's outer shell (2) which is not completely drafted in figure 3.
  • Figure 3 shows the important changes and improvements to the gasifier.
  • the bed (6) with the fix gap (7) of the gasifier in figure 1 is replaced by the piston-like rotating stroke-bed (21).
  • This stroke- bed features a brush-assembly (22) in the lower section and a cone shaped upper part with a stir-head (23).
  • the gap ⁇ exists through which the fuel gas and particles like ash etc escape from the thermo-chemical reaction pipe and then will be sucked through the fuel gas outlet pipe (9).
  • the gap-width ⁇ is fixed and constructive given.
  • the length z of the gap is a function of the vertical movement of the bed in X-axis.
  • the flow resistance of the fuel gas-particle mixture through this gap is a gasifier performance influencing factor, and is depending on the length of z which can be varied completely free by a stroke h of the bed in X-axis.
  • the material of the piston-like rotating stroke-bed in this invention features a low thermal conductivity as for instance ceramic materials do. Further the piston-like rotating stroke-bed can move free in X-direction. As an additional cleaning function the total stroke of the device allows to either completely remove the bed from the thermo-chemical reaction pipe or to completely insert the bed into the thermo-chemical reaction pipe, in a way that the brush (22) can clean the inner surface of the pipe.
  • the piston-like rotating stroke-bed can be rotated free around its vertical axis.
  • the rotation speed ⁇ o can be chosen in both spinning directions and free in value.
  • both motions the rotation and the vertical oscillation of the piston-like rotating stroke-bed can completely free be superpositioned.
  • This motion for example can be transferred via the beds shaft at the bottom which can for instance be mounted to a hydraulic device or be part of a hydraulic device or all other suiting devices to create and to transfer speed-varied multi-axis movements.
  • the flow resistance through the gap is controlled by the device, it also becomes an efficient method to compensate for wear and plugging.
  • the gasifier assembly in figure 4 also features an assembly's outer shell (2) which is not completely drafted, too.
  • FIG 4 shows another important configuration of the changes and improvements to the gasifier.
  • the bed (6) with the fix gap (7) of the gasifier in figure 1 is replaced by the piston-like rotating stroke-bed (21).
  • the thermo-chemical reaction pipe (24) and the stroke bed feature a conical shape (25) with the same flank gradient over the entire length z, as shown in the left part of the assembly in figure 4.
  • the thermo- chemical reaction pipe (24) and the stroke bed feature a conical shape (26) with different flank gradients over the length.
  • the gap 6 2 exists through which the fuel gas and particles like ash etc.
  • the stroke bed may feature a shape which improves mass transportation through the gap ⁇ 2 between thermo-chemical reaction pipe and stroke bed when the stroke bed moves or rotates as for instance screw conveyor blades do.
  • An essential feature of this particular assembly is that the gap-width ⁇ 2 is varied and controlled by the stroke movement of the head of the stroke-bed in X-axis.
  • the flow resistance through the gap ⁇ 2 is a gasifier performance influencing factor, and is depending on the length of z, which both can be varied by a variation of the stroke h of the bed in X-axis.
  • the material of the piston-like rotating stroke-bed in this invention features a low thermal conductivity as for instance ceramic materials do. Further the piston-like rotating stroke-bed can move free in X-direction. As an additional cleaning function the total stroke of the device allows to either completely remove the bed from the thermo- chemical reaction pipe or to insert the bed into the thermo-chemical reaction pipe, in a way that the gap gets completely closed and the surfaces of bed and pipe get into physical contact, removing contaminations of particles and plugged ash by rubbing and scuffing. Further the piston-like rotating stroke-bed can be rotated free around its vertical axis. The rotation speed ⁇ o can be chosen in both spinning directions and free in value.
  • both motions the rotation and the vertical oscillation of the piston-like rotating stroke-bed can completely free be superpositioned.
  • This motion for example can be transferred via the beds shaft at the bottom which can for instance be mounted to a hydraulic device or be part of a hydraulic device or all other suiting devices to create and to transfer speed-varied multi-axis movements.
  • the flow resistance through the gap is controlled by the device, it also becomes an efficient method to compensate for wear and plugging.
  • the gasifier assembly in figure 5 also features an assembly's outer shell (2) which is not completely drafted, too.
  • Figure 5 shows another important configuration of the changes and improvements to the gasifier.
  • the bed (6) with the fix gap (7) of the gasifier in figure 1 is replaced by the piston-like rotating stroke-bed (21).
  • the thermo-chemical reaction pipe (28) and the stroke-bed (27) features a conical shape with the same flank gradient over the entire length z.
  • the important change to the assemblies in figure 3 and 4 are that the piston-like stroke bed is formed as a closed conical cylindrical pot, encompassing the likewise conical cylindrical shaped thermo-chemical reaction pipe from the outside.
  • the stroke-bed may feature a shape which improved mass transportation when rotating as for instance a screw conveyor does.
  • the gap ⁇ i exists through which the fuel gas and particles like ash etc are escaping the thermo- chemical reaction pipe and the sucked through (9).
  • the gap-width ⁇ and the length z of the gap is varied by the stroke movement of the head in X-axis.
  • the flow resistance is a gasifier performance influencing factor, and is depending on the length of z and gap-width ⁇ which can be varied by a stroke h of the bed in X-axis.
  • the material of the piston-like rotating stroke-bed in this invention features a low thermal conductivity as for instance ceramic materials do so.
  • piston-like rotating stroke-bed can be moved free in X-direction.
  • the total stroke of the device allows to either completely remove the piston-like stroke bed, formed as a closed conical cylindrical pot, from the likewise outside conical shaped thermo-chemical reaction pipe or to completely impose on it, that the gap gets closed and the surface of the pipe contacts the bed.
  • the piston-like rotating stroke-bed can be rotated free around its vertical axis.
  • the rotation speed ⁇ 0 can be in both directions and free in value. Further both motions the rotation and the vertical oscillation can completely free be superpositioned.
  • This motion for example can be transferred via the beds shaft at the bottom which can for instance be mounted to a hydraulic device or be part of a hydraulic device or all other suiting devices to create and to transfer oscillating multi- axis movements.
  • a hydraulic device for example can be mounted to a hydraulic device or be part of a hydraulic device or all other suiting devices to create and to transfer oscillating multi- axis movements.
  • the flow resistance through the gap can be controlled by the device, it also becomes a method to compensate for wear and plugging.
  • the gasifier assembly in figure 6 shows the same features as described in [0015].
  • the piston-like stroke bed is formed as a closed conical cylindrical pot, with an additional geometric hollow sink in the inner centre (29), allowing potentially intruded foreign particles such as for instance nails, screws, stones etc. to rest in a neutral location, preventing the whole system from a malfunction due to blockage or scuffing.
  • the gasifier assembly in figure 7 is a superposition of the assemblies shown in figure 3, 4 and 5, featuring the sum of the described features in [0013], [0014] and [0015].
  • the invented assemblies feature functional properties which allow to control the amount of fuel gas flow through the gasifier by varying the flow resistance of the gap between bed and thermo-chemical reaction pipe.
  • the invented assemblies also feature functional properties which allow to remove contaminations from the thermo-chemical reaction pipe and the surfaces of the gap by varying the width of the gap in combination with a superimposed rotation.
  • the invented assemblies also feature functional properties which allow to adjust and compensate for the wear and thermal elongation of the gap by varying the width of the gap in combination with a superimposed rotation.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un réacteur à lit fixe pour la gazéification de combustibles de biomasse et de combustibles solides fossiles. Le réacteur comporte un support de lit fixe et un tuyau de réaction thermochimique. Le support de lit fixe peut se déplacer verticalement pour régler l'écartement entre le support et le tuyau de réaction thermochimique, ce qui procure un moyen de contrôle et d'optimisation supplémentaire des paramètres du réacteur. Le support de lit fixe peut également être mobile en rotation.
PCT/AU2009/000159 2008-02-12 2009-02-12 Unité de gazéification en aval à interface de lit avec la zone de réduction actionnée sur plusieurs axes WO2009100487A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2008900648A AU2008900648A0 (en) 2008-02-12 Downstream gasifier with multi-axis actuated bed interface to the reduction zone
AU2008900648 2008-02-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009100487A1 true WO2009100487A1 (fr) 2009-08-20

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WO (1) WO2009100487A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8546636B1 (en) 2013-01-28 2013-10-01 PHG Energy, LLC Method for gasifying feedstock
US8721748B1 (en) 2013-01-28 2014-05-13 PHG Energy, LLC Device with dilated oxidation zone for gasifying feedstock
WO2016064407A1 (fr) * 2014-10-23 2016-04-28 Ag Bio-Power L.C. Gazéifieur à lit mobile et rotatif pour la production de charbon à haute teneur en carbone
US11242494B2 (en) 2013-01-28 2022-02-08 Aries Clean Technologies Llc System and process for continuous production of contaminate free, size specific biochar following gasification

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3346105A1 (de) * 1983-12-21 1985-07-18 Didier Engineering Gmbh, 4300 Essen Vorrichtung zum vergasen fester, fluessiger und/oder gasfoermiger kohlenstofftraeger
WO1988000230A1 (fr) * 1986-07-08 1988-01-14 Wge Waste Gas Energy Ab Dispositif permettant la production de gaz a partir de combustibles solides
US5607487A (en) * 1993-03-17 1997-03-04 Taylor; Leland T. Bottom feed - updraft gasification system
JP2007091936A (ja) * 2005-09-29 2007-04-12 Osu:Kk ガス化炉
US20070169411A1 (en) * 2006-01-25 2007-07-26 Thiessen Randall J Rotating bed gasifier

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3346105A1 (de) * 1983-12-21 1985-07-18 Didier Engineering Gmbh, 4300 Essen Vorrichtung zum vergasen fester, fluessiger und/oder gasfoermiger kohlenstofftraeger
WO1988000230A1 (fr) * 1986-07-08 1988-01-14 Wge Waste Gas Energy Ab Dispositif permettant la production de gaz a partir de combustibles solides
US5607487A (en) * 1993-03-17 1997-03-04 Taylor; Leland T. Bottom feed - updraft gasification system
JP2007091936A (ja) * 2005-09-29 2007-04-12 Osu:Kk ガス化炉
US20070169411A1 (en) * 2006-01-25 2007-07-26 Thiessen Randall J Rotating bed gasifier

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8546636B1 (en) 2013-01-28 2013-10-01 PHG Energy, LLC Method for gasifying feedstock
US8721748B1 (en) 2013-01-28 2014-05-13 PHG Energy, LLC Device with dilated oxidation zone for gasifying feedstock
US8829262B2 (en) 2013-01-28 2014-09-09 PHG Energy, LLC Method for gasifying feedstock
US9375694B2 (en) 2013-01-28 2016-06-28 PHG Energy, LLC Device with dilated oxidation zone for gasifying feedstock
US11242494B2 (en) 2013-01-28 2022-02-08 Aries Clean Technologies Llc System and process for continuous production of contaminate free, size specific biochar following gasification
US11566191B2 (en) 2013-01-28 2023-01-31 Aries Clean Technologies Llc System and process for continuous production of contaminate free, size specific biochar following gasification
WO2016064407A1 (fr) * 2014-10-23 2016-04-28 Ag Bio-Power L.C. Gazéifieur à lit mobile et rotatif pour la production de charbon à haute teneur en carbone
US20170349847A1 (en) * 2014-10-23 2017-12-07 Ag Biopower L.C. Rotating and movable bed gasifier producing high carbon char
AU2014409609B2 (en) * 2014-10-23 2018-11-29 Thiessen Jr, Lavoy M. Rotating and movable bed gasifier producing high carbon char
US10501696B2 (en) 2014-10-23 2019-12-10 Randall J. Thiessen Rotating and movable bed gasifier producing high carbon char
US11111447B2 (en) 2014-10-23 2021-09-07 Randall J. Thiessen Rotating and movable bed gasifier producing high carbon char

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