WO2009098329A1 - Improvements to electrical operating apparatus - Google Patents

Improvements to electrical operating apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009098329A1
WO2009098329A1 PCT/ES2008/000090 ES2008000090W WO2009098329A1 WO 2009098329 A1 WO2009098329 A1 WO 2009098329A1 ES 2008000090 W ES2008000090 W ES 2008000090W WO 2009098329 A1 WO2009098329 A1 WO 2009098329A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
perfection
support plate
contacts
electrical
shaft
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2008/000090
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Sebastia Carrion Soriano
Baldomero Perez Cano
Original Assignee
Gave Electro. S.L
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gave Electro. S.L filed Critical Gave Electro. S.L
Publication of WO2009098329A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009098329A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H19/00—Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H19/02—Details
    • H01H19/10—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H01H19/28—Driving mechanisms allowing angular displacement of the operating part to be effective or possible in only one direction
    • H01H19/30—Driving mechanisms allowing angular displacement of the operating part to be effective or possible in only one direction incorporating lost motion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H19/00—Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H19/54—Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand the operating part having at least five or an unspecified number of operative positions
    • H01H19/60—Angularly-movable actuating part carrying no contacts
    • H01H19/62—Contacts actuated by radial cams
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H19/00—Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H19/02—Details
    • H01H19/10—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H01H19/28—Driving mechanisms allowing angular displacement of the operating part to be effective or possible in only one direction
    • H01H19/32—Driving mechanisms allowing angular displacement of the operating part to be effective or possible in only one direction acting with snap action
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H19/00—Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H19/64—Encased switches adapted for ganged operation when assembled in a line with identical switches, e.g. stacked switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H21/00—Switches operated by an operating part in the form of a pivotable member acted upon directly by a solid body, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H21/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H25/00—Switches with compound movement of handle or other operating part
    • H01H25/04—Operating part movable angularly in more than one plane, e.g. joystick

Definitions

  • the invention relates to improvements in the electrical maneuvering devices of the type that comprise a variable number of equal units or modules mounted coaxially with each other, and which allow them to be constructed by connecting them to the respective contacts of different circuits, With reduced costs, not only those current operating devices that justify important series (such as multipolar switches, switches, inverters, star-triangle switches), but also reduced demand devices.
  • the mission of the present invention is to improve the efficiency of the switching operation of the contacts of said electrical appliances, in order to substantially reduce the electrical failures that usually occur and thus extend the life of this type of electrical appliances.
  • State of the Art The electrical maneuvering devices known in the market, although they can also admit other forms of installation, are frequently installed in electrical panels, forming part of them and being located inside.
  • the electrical maneuvering devices comprising a variable number of units or modules are formed by a plurality of units easily coupled one after the other and in a coaxial position.
  • Each of said units has pairs of fixed contacts and corresponding bridge-pieces or mobile contacts, which remain in a position to establish the connection between said fixed contacts.
  • These mobile contacts are actuated by a cam in solidarity with a common shaft, which axially crosses all the units and from which a rotary maneuvering end member is integral, by means of which the user can select the position at each moment adopted by said shaft and, consequently, the position adopted by all the mobile contacts of the apparatus with respect to the fixed contacts.
  • the outer maneuvering organ in the form of a rotating handle, is mounted on the upper end of the common shaft, which has a substantially square section, and is fixedly fixed in this position by means of an axial screw or a pressure anchoring system. With this form of assembly, the concordance between the movements of the maneuvering organ and the common shaft is guaranteed.
  • an electrical maneuvering apparatus which essentially comprises the following elements: - an upper shaft connected in solidarity with a rotary maneuver element operated by the user,
  • a rupture mechanism mounted in solidarity at the upper end of the lower axis adapted to store the energy necessary for the free rotation of said lower axis to its final position
  • a trigger mechanism mounted by its upper end in solidarity with the lower end of the upper axis and by its lower end mounted with the possibility of rotation at the upper end of the lower axis, being adapted to limit the movement of the upper axis and at the same time allow the displacement of the contacts with maximum speed by means of the free rotation of the lower axis once the mechanism of rupture releases the accumulated energy
  • the lower shaft is not mounted in solidarity with the upper shaft but does have its movement linked to it through the trigger mechanism.
  • This ingenious arrangement between both axes (upper and lower axis) advantageously allows the lower axis to turn freely once a rupture element that is integral to said lower axis releases all the accumulated energy. Said free movement allows the maximum speed of movement of the contacts, and consequently a maximum speed of opening / closing of the respective circuits, independently of the actuation carried out on the operating element of the apparatus.
  • the rupture mechanism is formed by a star-shaped rupture element with four protruding tips and four indentations and a through central hole, in combination with four sensing cams which are held in one second support plate by means of respective compression springs.
  • the rupture element also has two cylindrical portions that protrude through each of its upper and lower ends, which are adapted to position the rupture element on one side on a third support plate and on the other on the second support plate.
  • Said second support plate preferably of a square perimeter and of low thickness, is provided with a through central hole for the passage of the lower axis and in its lower face there are radially regattas, preferably located in the diagonals of the support plate, with some end stops to receive a cam-spring assembly.
  • Each of said lifting assemblies is fixedly mounted on the corresponding regattas with the spring resting against the stop and the rounded end of the cam being in precise contact with the star-shaped intermediate portion of the breaking element.
  • the central hole of the rupture element has a polygonal configuration, preferably staggered, which guarantees a perfect solidarity coupling between said rupture element and the lower axis, preferably square in section and provided with a longitudinal triangular groove in one of its faces.
  • the third support plate has a preferably quadrangular perimeter, a small thickness and a central hole for the passage of the lower axis.
  • projections are provided on the upper face of the module assembly that fit with holes of the same size as the pivots provided in said third support plate.
  • Other means of fitting are also provided, such as tabs that fit with respective housings.
  • the trigger element has, as a preferred configuration, a hollow cylindrical upper portion, a hollow cylindrical lower portion, and an intermediate portion formed by protruding portions and recessed portions.
  • the lower portion is adapted to be inserted in the central hole of the second support plate and to receive the upper end of the lower shaft, while said upper portion is adapted to securely fix the trigger element to the lower end of the upper shaft.
  • the intermediate portion is adapted to receive on the recessed circumferential surfaces the punctual contact of the ends of respective cams held in a fixed position and in the radial direction on the first support plate by respective springs.
  • the intermediate wings of the trigger element are two projecting wings in radial direction with a circumferential contour that fits perfectly with the central hole of the first support plate and located diametrically opposite, and between said wings two lowered sections of circumferential perimeter.
  • the trigger element is mounted positioned in a circular central housing of similar dimensions provided on the underside of the first support plate.
  • Said lower face of the first support plate also has regattas in radial direction with end stops adapted to permanently accommodate respective spring-cam assemblies, although said springs are not compressed and decompressed but only serve to limit the movement of the upper axis .
  • the springs are mounted on the aforementioned end stops and the front end of the cams in precise contact with the circumferential perimeter surfaces between wings.
  • the intermediate portion of the trigger element will be formed by two projecting portions and two recessed portions, and two spring-cam assemblies arranged in the same direction of a diagonal of said first support plate and in opposite positions.
  • the first support plate also has a central hole to allow the passage of the upper shaft.
  • the lower end of the upper shaft is mounted in solidarity.
  • said upper portion has a central hole of the same square section as the upper axis, and in the vicinity of the lower end of the upper axis, protruding elements are incorporated that fit into housings provided on the upper face of the intermediate portion of the element. trigger.
  • the lower portion of the trigger element has a central hole of a different section from that of the lower axis, preferably of stepped polygonal section with four projections inwards.
  • This particular configuration allows a free relative movement of the lower axis of approximately 45 2 and also a solidarity movement of the lower axis dragging by the upper axis.
  • this ingenious configuration of the inner sections of the two upper and lower portions of the trigger element allows to completely decouple the movement of the two axes, so that once the springs of the breaking mechanism are loaded, the stored energy can be released. freely and then freely rotate the lower shaft and thus move the contacts with maximum speed. Then, when the user rotates the external control, the contacts of each of the modules will move only when the end of the rotation of the external control is reached.
  • the module set has, according to a known configuration, a plurality of units that can be easily coupled one after the other in coaxial position.
  • Each of said units has a pair of fixed contacts and corresponding pieces-bridge or mobile contacts, which remain in a position to establish the connection between said fixed contacts.
  • a cam is mounted in its central part for actuating the contacts, which is adapted to move the contacts and thus open / close the circuits connected to the respective contacts.
  • Said cams for the contacts preferably have a central cylindrical portion provided with a through central hole of stepped polygonal configuration, and an intermediate portion formed by projecting portions that extend outward radially and in diametrically opposite positions.
  • two projecting portions will be arranged with a circumferential frontal contour, a flat side and the other convex side.
  • the central hole has a configuration preferably with four projections inwards, so that it allows a relative free movement of the lower axis of approximately 45 2 .
  • a lower cover with holes is mounted, in which respective anchor bolts fixed by respective nuts are mounted, said anchor bolts being adapted to fix all the elements of the electrical apparatus with each other.
  • said anchor bolts are mounted through the entire electrical apparatus until their upper ends are threaded into nuts arranged in the upper face of the first support plate.
  • said anchor bolts are of the cabot type and are mounted through the entire electrical apparatus until it is fixed on the first support plate by means of said cab.
  • the support plates are provided with holes for receiving said anchor bolts.
  • fitting means are provided, such as protruding pivots in a support plate that are mounted inserted in respective holes in the adjacent support plate.
  • protruding pivots are provided in the corners of the upper face of the second support plate, adapted to be inserted in holes provided in the corners of the lower face of the support plate first.
  • said fitting means may be replaced by other equivalent technical systems.
  • the height of the different support plates, the height of the upper and lower axes, and the height of the different elements that make up the recommended electrical maneuvering apparatus will be designed in such a way that the configuration and arrangement of the mechanisms break and trigger function conveniently as described above.
  • the main advantage obtained by the present invention is that the displacement speed of the contacts is totally independent of the actuation performed on the rotary maneuvering organ by the user. This allows, on the one hand, to guarantee maximum speed and synchrony in the displacement of the contacts, and on the other it allows to cancel the probability of producing a voltaic arc, so the recommended switch will offer much higher electrical performance compared to conventional disconnectors.
  • Figure n to 1 is an exploded view of a preferred embodiment of the improvements introduced in the construction of the electrical maneuvering devices object of the present invention.
  • Figure n to 2 is a sectional view of the assembled assembly of the electrical maneuvering apparatus of the invention, in which the assembly of all its elements is appreciated.
  • Figure n 2 3a is a top plan view of the rupture element.
  • Figure n to 3b is a front elevational view of the rupture element.
  • Figure n 2 4a is a bottom plan view of the trigger element, in which the polygonal configuration of the lower section of the hole is appreciated.
  • Figure n to 4b is a front elevation view of the trigger element.
  • Figure n 2 4c is a top plan view of the trigger element, in which the square configuration of the upper section of the hole is appreciated.
  • Figure n 2 4d is a front elevational view sectioned by AA of the trigger element according to figure n ⁇ 4b.
  • Figure n 2 5a is a top plan view of the cam for contacts.
  • Figure n 2 5b is a sectioned front elevation view of the cam for contacts.
  • Figure 2 is a bottom plan view of the second support plate, where the breaking mechanism has been mounted.
  • Figure 2 7 is a bottom plan view of the first support plate, where the trigger mechanism has been mounted.
  • FIGs 2, 8a and 8b are bottom plan views of the trigger element where the lower shaft has been mounted in the polygonal hole of the lower portion of said trigger element, in its two extreme positions.
  • Figure n 2 8c is a top plan view of the trigger element where the upper shaft has been fixedly mounted in the square hole of the upper portion of said trigger element, by means of the protruding elements of the upper shaft that position by abutting the housings provided in the intermediate portion of the trigger element.
  • Preferred embodiment of the invention follows is a numbered list of the different parts that participate in the improved electrical maneuvering apparatus of the attached figures: (10) electrical apparatus, (11) breaking mechanism, (12) trigger mechanism, (13) first support plate , (14) second support plate, (15) third support plate, (16) module assembly,
  • the electric maneuvering apparatus (10) essentially comprises an upper shaft (18) connected in solidarity with a rotary control (56); a lower axis (19) disposed in the lower part of the modular assembly and which crosses the entire module assembly (16); a rupture mechanism (11) integrally mounted on the upper end of the lower axis (19) adapted to store the energy necessary for the free rotation of said lower axis (19) until its final position; a trigger mechanism (12) integrally mounted on the lower end of the upper shaft (18) adapted to limit the movement of the upper shaft (18) and allow the breaking mechanism (11) to release the stored energy to move the contacts ( 25) with a maximum speed; and support plates (13, 14, 15) that are mounted coupled to the top of the module assembly (16) and that are adapted to house the breaking mechanism (11) and the trigger mechanism (12).
  • the breaking mechanism (11) is formed by a star-shaped breaking element (21) with four protruding tips (41) and four slits (42) and a through central hole (28), in collaboration with four sensing cams (22) that are held in a second support plate (14) by their respective springs (23).
  • the rupture element (21) also has two end portions (26) cylindrical that extend in axial direction by its two ends, which are adapted to position the breaking element (21) on one side on a third support plate (15) and on the other on the second support plate (14).
  • said second support plate (14) has a square perimeter configuration and is provided with a through central hole (38) and a series of races (39) are provided on its lower face ) located on the diagonals of the support plate (14) with end stops (40) to receive each lifting assembly (22-23).
  • Each of said cam-spring assembly (22-23) is fixedly mounted on said regattas (39) with the spring (23) resting against the stop (40) and the rounded end of the cam (22) remains in point contact with the intermediate portion (26) of the rupture element (21).
  • the central hole (28) of the rupture element (21) has a stepped polygonal configuration, which guarantees a perfect solidarity coupling between said rupture element (21) and the lower axis (19) of substantially square section and provided with a longitudinal triangular groove (43) practiced on one of its faces, see figures 2 8a and 8b.
  • the third support plate (15) has a quadrangular perimeter and a central hole (44) for the passage of the lower axis (19).
  • projecting pivots are mounted on the upper face of the module assembly (16) that fit with holes thereof size than the pivots provided in said third support plate (15).
  • Other means of fitting are also provided, such as tabs that fit with respective housings.
  • the trigger element (24) has a hollow cylindrical upper portion (29), a hollow cylindrical lower portion (30), and two intermediate lateral wings (31) .
  • the lower portion (30) is adapted to be inserted in the central hole (38) of the second support plate (14) and to receive the upper end of the lower shaft (19), while said upper portion (29) is adapted to be fixed in solidarity. the trigger element (24) to the lower end of the upper shaft (18), see figure n 2 2.
  • the preferred configuration of the intermediate wings (31) of the trigger element (24) is that shown in Figures 2 4a-4d, in which two projecting wings in radial direction and circumferential contour located diametrically opposite, and between said wings form two recessed sections (33) of also circular profile.
  • the trigger element (24) is mounted positioned in a circular central housing of equal dimensions provided on the underside of the first support plate (13).
  • said lower face of the first support plate (13) also has a race (45) with end stops (46) adapted to fixedly accommodate respective sets spring-cam (23 - 22), although said springs (23) are not compressed but only serve to limit the movement of the upper shaft (18).
  • the first support plate (13) also has a central hole (47) to allow the passage of the upper shaft (18).
  • the lower end of the upper shaft (18) is mounted in solidarity.
  • said upper portion (29) has a central hole of the same square section as the upper axis (18), and in the vicinity of the lower end of the upper axis, protruding elements (48) are fitted that abut in some housings. (49) provided on the upper face of the intermediate wings (31), see figure n 2 8c.
  • the lower portion (30) of the trigger element (24) has a central hole (35) of stepped polygonal section with four protrusions inwardly adapted, which allows a free relative movement of the lower axis (19) of approximately 45 2 , see figures n 2 8a and 8b.
  • the ingenious configuration of the two inner sections of the trigger element (24) allows both axes (18,19) to be connected to each other so that their turns can be coupled and uncoupled, so that once the springs (23) of the mechanism of rupture (11) are charged, the stored energy can be released freely and then allow free rotation of the lower axis (19) and the consequent activation of the contacts (25).
  • This free movement of the lower shaft (19) allows the maximum opening and closing speed of the contacts (25).
  • pivots are provided at the corners of the upper face of the second support plate (14), adapted to be inserted in holes provided in the corners of the underside of the first support plate (13).
  • the set of modules (16) has a plurality of units (16 ') easily coupled one after the other in a coaxial position.
  • Each of said units has a pair of fixed contacts and corresponding bridge-pieces or mobile contacts (25), which are able to establish the connection between said fixed contacts.
  • a cam for the contacts (36) is mounted in its central part, which is adapted to move the contacts (25) and thus open / close the circuit connected to the respective contact.
  • said cam for contacts (36) has a central portion
  • the central hole (52) has a configuration with four projections inwards, so that it allows a free relative movement of the lower axis (19) of up to 45 a .
  • a lower cover (17) with two holes is mounted, in which two anchor bolts (20a, 20b) are mounted, fixed by two nuts (50).
  • Said anchor bolts (20a, 20b) pass through the entire electrical apparatus (10), passing through the holes (57) provided in the third support plate (15), then through the holes (54) provided in the second support plate (14) and finally through the holes (55) provided in the first support plate (13), until their upper ends are threaded into respective nuts arranged in the upper face of the first support plate (13).

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  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)

Abstract

The electrical operating apparatus of the invention comprises an upper shaft rigidly connected to a rotary operating member, a lower shaft positioned so as to pass through all the modules that house the various contacts, a rupture mechanism rigidly secured to the upper end of the lower shaft, for storing the energy necessary to enable free rotation of said lower shaft until it reaches its final position, and a trigger mechanism that is, via the upper end thereof, rigidly secured to the lower end of the upper shaft and, via the lower end thereof, rotatably secured to the upper end of the lower shaft, for limiting the movement of the upper shaft while allowing the contacts to move at maximum speed by means of the free rotation of the lower shaft once the rupture mechanism releases the stored energy.

Description

"PERFECCIONAMIENTOS EN LOS APARATOS ELÉCTRICOS DE "PERFECTION IN THE ELECTRICAL DEVICES OF
MANIOBRA"MANEUVER"
La presente solicitud de Patente de Invención consiste, conforme indica su enunciado, en unos perfeccionamientos introducidos en la construcción de los aparatos eléctricos de maniobra, tales como interruptores, conmutadores, inversores o interruptores estrella-triángulo, proporcionando numerosas ventajas tal y como se detallará en la presente memoria. Sector de la técnica:The present invention patent application consists, as indicated in its statement, of some improvements introduced in the construction of electrical maneuvering devices, such as switches, switches, inverters or star-triangle switches, providing numerous advantages as detailed in This memory. Technical sector:
Más concretamente, la invención se refiere a unos perfeccionamientos en los aparatos eléctricos de maniobra del tipo de los que comprenden un numero variable de unidades o módulos iguales montados coaxialmente entre sí, y que permiten construir mediante su conexión en los respectivos contactos de distintos circuitos, con unos costos reducidos, no tan solo aquellos aparatos de maniobra de uso corriente que justifican series importantes (tal como interruptores multipolares, conmutadores, inversores, interruptores estrella-triangulo) , sino también aparatos de demanda reducida. La misión de la presente invención es mejorar la eficacia de la operación de conmutación de los contactos de dichos aparatos eléctricos, con el fin de reducir sustancialmente los fallos eléctricos que se producen habitualmente y así alargar la vida de este tipo de aparatos eléctricos. Estado de la Técnica: Los aparatos eléctricos de maniobra conocidos en el mercado, aún pudiendo también admitir otras formas de instalación, se instalan frecuentemente en cuadros eléctricos, formando parte de los mismos y quedando situados en su interior. Particularmente, los aparatos eléctricos de maniobra que comprenden un numero variable de unidades o módulos iguales están formados por una pluralidad de unidades fácilmente acoplables unas a continuación de las otras y en posición coaxial. Cada una de dichas unidades presenta unos pares de contactos fijos y unas correspondientes piezas-puente o contactos móviles, que quedan en disposición de establecer la conexión entre dichos contactos fijos. Estos contactos móviles son actuados por una leva solidarizada a un árbol común, que atraviesa axialmente todas las unidades y del que es solidario un órgano extremo de maniobra rotatorio, mediante el cual el usuario puede seleccionar la posición en cada momento adoptada por dicho árbol y, en consecuencia, la posición adoptada por todos los contactos móviles del aparato con respecto a los contactos fijos.More specifically, the invention relates to improvements in the electrical maneuvering devices of the type that comprise a variable number of equal units or modules mounted coaxially with each other, and which allow them to be constructed by connecting them to the respective contacts of different circuits, With reduced costs, not only those current operating devices that justify important series (such as multipolar switches, switches, inverters, star-triangle switches), but also reduced demand devices. The mission of the present invention is to improve the efficiency of the switching operation of the contacts of said electrical appliances, in order to substantially reduce the electrical failures that usually occur and thus extend the life of this type of electrical appliances. State of the Art: The electrical maneuvering devices known in the market, although they can also admit other forms of installation, are frequently installed in electrical panels, forming part of them and being located inside. Particularly, the electrical maneuvering devices comprising a variable number of units or modules are formed by a plurality of units easily coupled one after the other and in a coaxial position. Each of said units has pairs of fixed contacts and corresponding bridge-pieces or mobile contacts, which remain in a position to establish the connection between said fixed contacts. These mobile contacts are actuated by a cam in solidarity with a common shaft, which axially crosses all the units and from which a rotary maneuvering end member is integral, by means of which the user can select the position at each moment adopted by said shaft and, consequently, the position adopted by all the mobile contacts of the apparatus with respect to the fixed contacts.
El órgano exterior de maniobra, en forma de mango rotatorio, se monta sobre la extremidad superior del árbol común, que presenta sensiblemente una sección cuadrada, y se fija solidariamente en esta posición mediante un tornillo axial o un sistema de anclaje a presión. Con esta forma de montaje, se garantiza la concordancia entre los movimientos del órgano de maniobra y del árbol común.The outer maneuvering organ, in the form of a rotating handle, is mounted on the upper end of the common shaft, which has a substantially square section, and is fixedly fixed in this position by means of an axial screw or a pressure anchoring system. With this form of assembly, the concordance between the movements of the maneuvering organ and the common shaft is guaranteed.
De acuerdo con la patente española n2 8803143 del propio solicitante se conoce un aparato eléctrico de maniobra convencional, del tipo descrito anteriormente. Uno de los inconvenientes principales de este tipo de aparatos eléctricos de maniobra que forman parte del Estado de la Técnica es que la velocidad de operación de conmutación de los contactos móviles de todos los módulos del aparato a través de unas levas por el giro del árbol común por el giro del órgano extremo de maniobra por parte del usuario es dependiente de la velocidad de operación efectuada sobre el órgano- de maniobra del aparato. Ello significa que la velocidad de apertura de cada uno de los contactos móviles depende del accionamiento efectuado sobre del órgano de maniobra del aparato, lo que puede provocar la aparición de un arco voltaico y un desgaste prematuro de los contactos .According to Spanish Patent No. 2 8803143 of the same applicant, a conventional electric maneuvering apparatus, of the type described above, is known. One of the main drawbacks of this type of electrical maneuvering devices that are part of the State of the Art is that the operating speed of switching of the mobile contacts of all the modules of the apparatus through cams by the rotation of the common shaft by the rotation of the extreme maneuvering part by the user it is dependent on the operating speed performed on the maneuvering organ of the apparatus. This means that the opening speed of each of the mobile contacts depends on the actuation carried out on the operating element of the device, which can cause the appearance of a voltage arc and premature wear of the contacts.
Es por todo lo que existe una necesidad patente de disponer de un aparato eléctrico de maniobra, en el que la fuerza y velocidad del accionamiento de los contactos sea independiente del accionamiento del órgano exterior de maniobra por parte del usuario, para con ello reducir los fallos producidos en dichos aparatos eléctricos. Objeto de la invención:It is for all that there is a clear need to have an electrical maneuvering device, in which the force and speed of the actuation of the contacts is independent of the operation of the external maneuvering part by the user, in order to reduce the faults produced in said electrical appliances. Object of the invention:
Con el fin de solventar los inconvenientes anteriormente mencionados, se ha diseñado un aparato eléctrico de maniobra que comprende esencialmente los siguientes elementos: - un eje superior conectado solidariamente a un elemento de maniobra rotatorio actuado por el usuario,In order to solve the aforementioned drawbacks, an electrical maneuvering apparatus has been designed which essentially comprises the following elements: - an upper shaft connected in solidarity with a rotary maneuver element operated by the user,
- un eje inferior que se dispone atravesando todo el conjunto de módulos que albergan los distintos contactos, - un mecanismo de ruptura montado solidariamente en el extremo superior del eje inferior adaptado para almacenar la energía necesaria para el giro libre de dicho eje inferior hasta su posición final, - un mecanismo de gatillo montado por su extremo superior solidariamente al extremo inferior del eje superior y por su extremo inferior montado con posibilidad de giro en el extremo superior del eje inferior, estando adaptado para limitar el movimiento del eje superior y a la vez permitir el desplazamiento de los contactos con velocidad máxima mediante el giro libre del eje inferior una vez el mecanismo de ruptura libera la energía acumulada, y- a lower axis that is arranged through the entire set of modules that house the different contacts, - a rupture mechanism mounted in solidarity at the upper end of the lower axis adapted to store the energy necessary for the free rotation of said lower axis to its final position, - a trigger mechanism mounted by its upper end in solidarity with the lower end of the upper axis and by its lower end mounted with the possibility of rotation at the upper end of the lower axis, being adapted to limit the movement of the upper axis and at the same time allow the displacement of the contacts with maximum speed by means of the free rotation of the lower axis once the mechanism of rupture releases the accumulated energy, and
- unas placas soportes que se montan acopladas a la parte superior del conjunto de módulos y que están adaptadas para albergar separadamente entre sí al mecanismo de ruptura y al mecanismo de gatillo. Por lo tanto, el eje inferior no se monta solidariamente con el eje superior pero sí tiene su movimiento vinculado al mismo a través del mecanismo de gatillo. Esta ingeniosa disposición entre ambos ejes (eje superior e inferior) permite ventajosamente que el eje inferior gire libremente una vez un elemento de ruptura que es solidario al citado eje inferior libera toda la energía acumulada. Dicho movimiento libre permite la máxima velocidad de desplazamiento de los contactos, y por consiguiente una velocidad máxima de abertura/cerramiento de los respectivos circuitos, independientemente del accionamiento efectuado sobre el órgano de maniobra del aparato. Según es una realización preferida de la invención, el mecanismo de ruptura está formado por un elemento de ruptura de configuración en forma de estrella con cuatro puntas sobresalientes y cuatro hendiduras y un orificio central pasante, en combinación con cuatro levas palpadoras que son sujetadas en una segunda placa soporte mediante respectivos muelles de compresión. El elemento de ruptura presenta además dos porciones cilindricas que sobresalen por cada uno de sus extremos superior e inferior, las cuales están adaptadas para posicionar el elemento de ruptura por un lado en una tercera placa soporte y por el otro en la segunda placa soporte .- support plates that are mounted coupled to the top of the module assembly and that are adapted to house the breaking mechanism and the trigger mechanism separately from each other. Therefore, the lower shaft is not mounted in solidarity with the upper shaft but does have its movement linked to it through the trigger mechanism. This ingenious arrangement between both axes (upper and lower axis) advantageously allows the lower axis to turn freely once a rupture element that is integral to said lower axis releases all the accumulated energy. Said free movement allows the maximum speed of movement of the contacts, and consequently a maximum speed of opening / closing of the respective circuits, independently of the actuation carried out on the operating element of the apparatus. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the rupture mechanism is formed by a star-shaped rupture element with four protruding tips and four indentations and a through central hole, in combination with four sensing cams which are held in one second support plate by means of respective compression springs. The rupture element also has two cylindrical portions that protrude through each of its upper and lower ends, which are adapted to position the rupture element on one side on a third support plate and on the other on the second support plate.
La citada segunda placa soporte, de perímetro preferentemente cuadrado y escaso espesor, está dotada de un orificio central pasante para el paso del eje inferior y en su cara inferior se disponen unas regatas en dirección radial, situadas preferentemente en las diagonales de la placa soporte, con unos topes finales para recibir a unos conjunto leva-muelle. Cada una de dichos conjuntos leva- muelle se monta fijamente en las correspondientes regatas con el muelle apoyado contra el tope y el extremo redondeado de la leva quedando en contacto puntual con la porción intermedia en forma de estrella del elemento de ruptura. De este modo, al producirse el giro del citado elemento de ruptura solidario con el eje inferior, el cual es arrastrado por el eje superior, las levas van siguiendo el contorno de la porción intermedia, de manera que cuando están en contacto con las partes rehundidas de la estrella los muelles se encuentran descomprimidos, pero al entrar en contacto las mismas con las partes sobresalientes de la estrella entonces los muelles pasan a estar comprimidos.Said second support plate, preferably of a square perimeter and of low thickness, is provided with a through central hole for the passage of the lower axis and in its lower face there are radially regattas, preferably located in the diagonals of the support plate, with some end stops to receive a cam-spring assembly. Each of said lifting assemblies is fixedly mounted on the corresponding regattas with the spring resting against the stop and the rounded end of the cam being in precise contact with the star-shaped intermediate portion of the breaking element. In this way, when the aforementioned integral rupture element rotates with the lower axis, which is dragged along the upper axis, the cams follow the contour of the intermediate portion, so that when they are in contact with the recessed parts of the star the springs are decompressed, but when entering contact them with the protruding parts of the star then the springs become compressed.
El orificio central del elemento de ruptura presenta una configuración poligonal, preferentemente escalonada, la cual garantiza una acoplamiento solidario perfecto entre dicho elemento de ruptura y el eje inferior, de sección preferentemente cuadrada y dotado de una hendidura triangular longitudinal practicada en una de sus caras.The central hole of the rupture element has a polygonal configuration, preferably staggered, which guarantees a perfect solidarity coupling between said rupture element and the lower axis, preferably square in section and provided with a longitudinal triangular groove in one of its faces.
La tercera placa soporte presenta un perímetro preferentemente cuadrangular, un escaso espesor y un orificio central para el paso del eje inferior. Con tal de acoplar la cara superior del conjunto de módulos (formado por la unión de todos los módulos) con la cara inferior de la citada tercera placa soporte se prevén unos pivotes salientes de la cara superior del conjunto de módulos que encajan con unos orificios del mismo tamaño que los pivotes previstos en la citada tercera placa soporte. También se prevén otros medios de encaje, tales como pestañas que encajan con respectivos alojamientos. Por su parte, el elemento gatillo presenta según es una configuración preferida una porción superior cilindrica hueca, una porción inferior cilindrica hueca, y una porción intermedia formada por unas porciones sobresalientes y unas porciones rebajadas. La porción inferior está adaptada para insertarse en el orificio central de la segunda placa soporte y recibir el extremo superior del eje inferior, mientras que dicha porción superior está adaptada para fijar solidariamente el elemento gatillo al extremo inferior del eje superior. La porción intermedia está adaptada para recibir en las superficies circunferenciales rebajadas el contacto puntual de los extremos de respectivas levas sujetadas en una posición fija y en dirección radial en la primera placa soporte por respectivos muelles .The third support plate has a preferably quadrangular perimeter, a small thickness and a central hole for the passage of the lower axis. In order to couple the upper face of the module assembly (formed by the union of all the modules) with the lower face of said third support plate, projections are provided on the upper face of the module assembly that fit with holes of the same size as the pivots provided in said third support plate. Other means of fitting are also provided, such as tabs that fit with respective housings. For its part, the trigger element has, as a preferred configuration, a hollow cylindrical upper portion, a hollow cylindrical lower portion, and an intermediate portion formed by protruding portions and recessed portions. The lower portion is adapted to be inserted in the central hole of the second support plate and to receive the upper end of the lower shaft, while said upper portion is adapted to securely fix the trigger element to the lower end of the upper shaft. The intermediate portion is adapted to receive on the recessed circumferential surfaces the punctual contact of the ends of respective cams held in a fixed position and in the radial direction on the first support plate by respective springs.
Según es una configuración preferida de la invención, las alas intermedias del elemento gatillo son dos alas sobresalientes en dirección radial con un contorno circunferencial que ajusta perfectamente con el orificio central de la primera placa soporte y situadas diametralmente opuestas, y entre dichas alas se forman dos tramos rebajados de perímetro circunferencial.According to a preferred configuration of the invention, the intermediate wings of the trigger element are two projecting wings in radial direction with a circumferential contour that fits perfectly with the central hole of the first support plate and located diametrically opposite, and between said wings two lowered sections of circumferential perimeter.
El elemento gatillo se monta posicionado en un alojamiento central circular de dimensiones similares provisto en la cara inferior de la primera placa soporte. Dicha cara inferior de la primera placa soporte presenta también unas regatas en dirección radial con unos topes finales adaptados para alojar fijamente a respectivos conjuntos muelle-leva, aunque dichos muelles no se comprimen y descomprimen sino que tan solo sirven para limitar el movimiento del eje superior. Los muelles quedan montados en los citados topes finales y el extremo frontal de las levas en contacto puntual con las superficies de perímetro circunferencial entre alas.The trigger element is mounted positioned in a circular central housing of similar dimensions provided on the underside of the first support plate. Said lower face of the first support plate also has regattas in radial direction with end stops adapted to permanently accommodate respective spring-cam assemblies, although said springs are not compressed and decompressed but only serve to limit the movement of the upper axis . The springs are mounted on the aforementioned end stops and the front end of the cams in precise contact with the circumferential perimeter surfaces between wings.
Preferentemente, la porción intermedia del elemento gatillo estará formada por dos porciones sobresalientes y dos porciones rebajadas, y dos conjuntos muelle-leva dispuestos en la misma dirección de una diagonal de la citada primera placa soporte y en posiciones enfrentadas.Preferably, the intermediate portion of the trigger element will be formed by two projecting portions and two recessed portions, and two spring-cam assemblies arranged in the same direction of a diagonal of said first support plate and in opposite positions.
La primera placa soporte también presenta un orificio central para permitir el paso del eje superior. En la porción superior del elemento gatillo se monta solidariamente el extremo más inferior del eje superior. Preferentemente, la citada porción superior presenta un orificio central de igual sección cuadrada que el eje superior, y en las proximidades del extremo inferior del eje superior se incorporan unos elementos sobresalientes que encajan en unos alojamientos provistos en la cara superior de la porción intermedia del elemento gatillo.The first support plate also has a central hole to allow the passage of the upper shaft. In the upper portion of the trigger element, the lower end of the upper shaft is mounted in solidarity. Preferably, said upper portion has a central hole of the same square section as the upper axis, and in the vicinity of the lower end of the upper axis, protruding elements are incorporated that fit into housings provided on the upper face of the intermediate portion of the element. trigger.
Por su parte, la porción inferior del elemento gatillo presenta un orificio central de sección distinta a la del eje inferior, preferentemente de sección poligonal escalonada con cuatro salientes hacia el interior. Esta particular configuración permite un movimiento relativo libre del eje inferior de aproximadamente unos 452 y también un movimiento solidario de arrastre del eje inferior por parte del eje superior.On the other hand, the lower portion of the trigger element has a central hole of a different section from that of the lower axis, preferably of stepped polygonal section with four projections inwards. This particular configuration allows a free relative movement of the lower axis of approximately 45 2 and also a solidarity movement of the lower axis dragging by the upper axis.
Por lo tanto, esta ingeniosa configuración de las secciones interiores de las dos porciones superior e inferior del elemento gatillo permite desacoplar totalmente el movimiento de los dos ejes, de manera que una vez los muelles del mecanismo de ruptura están cargados, la energía almacenada puede liberarse libremente y entonces girar libremente el eje inferior y así desplazar los contactos con una velocidad máxima. Entonces, al rotar el usuario el mando exterior, los contactos de cada uno de los módulos se desplazarán tan sólo cuando se llegue al final del giro del mando exterior.Therefore, this ingenious configuration of the inner sections of the two upper and lower portions of the trigger element allows to completely decouple the movement of the two axes, so that once the springs of the breaking mechanism are loaded, the stored energy can be released. freely and then freely rotate the lower shaft and thus move the contacts with maximum speed. Then, when the user rotates the external control, the contacts of each of the modules will move only when the end of the rotation of the external control is reached.
El conjunto de módulos presenta, según es una configuración conocida, una pluralidad de unidades fácilmente acoplables unas a continuación de las otras en posición coaxial . Cada una de dichas unidades presenta unos pares de contactos fijos y unas correspondientes piezas- puente o contactos móviles, que quedan en disposición de establecer la conexión entre dichos contactos fijos. En cada uno de los módulos se monta en su parte central una leva para el accionamiento de los contactos, la cual está adaptada para hacer desplazar los contactos y así abrir/cerrar los circuitos conectados a los respectivos contactos. Dichas levas para los contactos presentan preferentemente una porción central cilindrica dotada de un orificio central pasante de configuración poligonal escalonada, y una porción intermedia formada por unas porciones sobresalientes que se prolongan hacia afuera radialmente y en posiciones diametraímente opuestas entre si. Según es una configuración preferida, se dispondrán dos porciones sobresalientes con un contorno frontal circunferencial, un lateral plano y el otro lateral convexo. El orificio central presenta una configuración preferentemente con cuatro salientes hacia el interior, de modo que permite un movimiento relativo libre del eje inferior de aproximadamente 452.The module set has, according to a known configuration, a plurality of units that can be easily coupled one after the other in coaxial position. Each of said units has a pair of fixed contacts and corresponding pieces-bridge or mobile contacts, which remain in a position to establish the connection between said fixed contacts. In each of the modules a cam is mounted in its central part for actuating the contacts, which is adapted to move the contacts and thus open / close the circuits connected to the respective contacts. Said cams for the contacts preferably have a central cylindrical portion provided with a through central hole of stepped polygonal configuration, and an intermediate portion formed by projecting portions that extend outward radially and in diametrically opposite positions. According to a preferred configuration, two projecting portions will be arranged with a circumferential frontal contour, a flat side and the other convex side. The central hole has a configuration preferably with four projections inwards, so that it allows a relative free movement of the lower axis of approximately 45 2 .
En la parte inferior del conjunto de módulos se monta una tapa inferior dotada de unos orificios, en los que se montan respectivos tornillos de anclaje fijados por respectivos tuercas, estando adaptados dichos tornillos de anclaje para fijar todos los elementos del aparato eléctrico entre sí. En los casos en que el aparato eléctrico presenta un número elevado de módulos, dichos tornillos de anclaje se montan atravesando todo el aparato eléctrico hasta roscarse sus extremos superiores en unas tuercas dispuestas en la cara superior de la primera placa soporte. En cambio, en los casos en que el aparato eléctrico presenta un número reducido de módulos, dichos tornillos de anclaje son del tipo con cabota y se montan atravesando todo el aparato eléctrico hasta fijarse en la primera placa soporte mediante la citada cabota. Para tal fin, las placas soporte están dotadas de unos orificios para recibir a los citados tornillos de anclaje.In the lower part of the module assembly, a lower cover with holes is mounted, in which respective anchor bolts fixed by respective nuts are mounted, said anchor bolts being adapted to fix all the elements of the electrical apparatus with each other. In cases where the electrical apparatus has a large number of modules, said anchor bolts are mounted through the entire electrical apparatus until their upper ends are threaded into nuts arranged in the upper face of the first support plate. On the other hand, in cases where the electrical apparatus has a reduced number of modules, said anchor bolts are of the cabot type and are mounted through the entire electrical apparatus until it is fixed on the first support plate by means of said cab. For this purpose, the support plates are provided with holes for receiving said anchor bolts.
Con tal de encajar las placas soportes unas a continuación de las otras, se prevén unos medios de encaje, tales como pivotes sobresalientes en una placa soporte que se montan insertados en respectivos orificios en la placa soporte contigua. Por ejemplo, para acoplar las placas soporte primera y segunda entre sí se prevén unos pivotes salientes en las esquinas de la cara superior de la segunda placa soporte, adaptados para quedar insertados en unos orificios previstos en las esquinas de la cara inferior de la placa soporte primera. No obstante, se comprenderá que se podrán sustituir dichos medios de encaje por otros sistemas técnicos equivalentes.In order to fit the support plates one after the other, fitting means are provided, such as protruding pivots in a support plate that are mounted inserted in respective holes in the adjacent support plate. For example, to connect the first and second support plates to each other, projecting pivots are provided in the corners of the upper face of the second support plate, adapted to be inserted in holes provided in the corners of the lower face of the support plate first. However, it will be understood that said fitting means may be replaced by other equivalent technical systems.
Asimismo, se comprenderá que la altura de las distintas placas soporte, la altura de los ejes superior e inferior, y la altura de los distintos elementos que conforman el aparato eléctrico de maniobra preconizado se diseñarán de tal forma que la configuración y disposición de los mecanismos de ruptura y de gatillo funcionen convenientemente según lo descrito anteriormente .Likewise, it will be understood that the height of the different support plates, the height of the upper and lower axes, and the height of the different elements that make up the recommended electrical maneuvering apparatus will be designed in such a way that the configuration and arrangement of the mechanisms break and trigger function conveniently as described above.
La ventaja principal obtenida por la presente invención es que la velocidad de desplazamiento de los contactos es totalmente independiente del accionamiento efectuado sobre el órgano de maniobra rotatorio por parte del usuario. Ello permite por un lado garantizar una velocidad máxima y sincronía en el desplazamiento de los contactos, y por el otro permite anular la probabilidad de producirse un arco voltaico, por lo que el seccionador preconizado ofrecerá unas prestaciones eléctrica muy superiores respecto a los seccionadores convencionales .The main advantage obtained by the present invention is that the displacement speed of the contacts is totally independent of the actuation performed on the rotary maneuvering organ by the user. This allows, on the one hand, to guarantee maximum speed and synchrony in the displacement of the contacts, and on the other it allows to cancel the probability of producing a voltaic arc, so the recommended switch will offer much higher electrical performance compared to conventional disconnectors.
Otros detalles y características se irán poniendo de manifiesto en el transcurso de la descripción que a continuación se da, en las que se hace referencia a las figuras que a esta memoria se acompañan, en las que se muestra a título ilustrativo pero no limitativo, una forma de realización de la invención, sin que la misma sea la única posible. Descripción de las figuras:Other details and features will be revealed in the course of the description given below, in which reference is made to the accompanying figures, which are shown by way of illustration but not limitation, a embodiment of the invention, without it being the only one possible. Description of the figures:
La figura na 1 es una vista explosionada de una realización preferida de los perfeccionamientos introducidos en la construcción de los aparatos eléctricos de maniobra objeto de la presente invención. La figura na 2 es una vista seccionada del conjunto montado del aparato eléctrico de maniobra de la invención, en la que se aprecia el montaje de todos sus elementos.Figure n to 1 is an exploded view of a preferred embodiment of the improvements introduced in the construction of the electrical maneuvering devices object of the present invention. Figure n to 2 is a sectional view of the assembled assembly of the electrical maneuvering apparatus of the invention, in which the assembly of all its elements is appreciated.
La figura n2 3a es una vista en planta superior del elemento de ruptura. La figura na 3b es una vista en alzado frontal del elemento de ruptura.Figure n 2 3a is a top plan view of the rupture element. Figure n to 3b is a front elevational view of the rupture element.
La figura n2 4a es una vista en planta inferior del elemento gatillo, en la que se aprecia la configuración poligonal del tramo inferior del orificio. La figura na 4b es una vista en alzado frontal del elemento gatillo.Figure n 2 4a is a bottom plan view of the trigger element, in which the polygonal configuration of the lower section of the hole is appreciated. Figure n to 4b is a front elevation view of the trigger element.
La figura n2 4c es una vista en planta superior del elemento gatillo, en la que se aprecia la configuración cuadrada del tramo superior del orificio.Figure n 2 4c is a top plan view of the trigger element, in which the square configuration of the upper section of the hole is appreciated.
La figura n2 4d es una vista en alzado frontal seccionada por A-A del elemento gatillo según la figura nΞ 4b.Figure n 2 4d is a front elevational view sectioned by AA of the trigger element according to figure n Ξ 4b.
La figura n2 5a es una vista en planta superior de la leva para los contactos.Figure n 2 5a is a top plan view of the cam for contacts.
La figura n2 5b es una vista en alzado frontal seccionada de la leva para los contactos .Figure n 2 5b is a sectioned front elevation view of the cam for contacts.
La figura n2 6 es una vista en planta inferior de la segunda placa soporte, donde se ha montado el mecanismo de ruptura.Figure 2 is a bottom plan view of the second support plate, where the breaking mechanism has been mounted.
La figura n2 7 es una vista en planta inferior de la primera placa soporte, donde se ha montado el mecanismo de gatillo .Figure 2 7 is a bottom plan view of the first support plate, where the trigger mechanism has been mounted.
Las figuras n2 8a y 8b son vistas en planta inferior del elemento gatillo donde se ha montado el eje inferior en el orificio poligonal de la porción inferior de dicho elemento gatillo, en sus dos posiciones extremas.Figures 2, 8a and 8b are bottom plan views of the trigger element where the lower shaft has been mounted in the polygonal hole of the lower portion of said trigger element, in its two extreme positions.
La figura n2 8c es una vista en planta superior del elemento gatillo donde se ha montado solidariamente el eje superior en el orificio cuadrado de la porción superior de dicho elemento gatillo, mediante los elementos sobresalientes del eje superior que posicionan haciendo tope con los alojamientos provistos en la porción intermedia del elemento gatillo. Forma dθ realización preferida dθ la invención: Sigue a continuación una lista numerada de las diferentes partes que participan en el aparato eléctrico de maniobra perfeccionado de las figuras adjuntas: (10) aparato eléctrico, (11) mecanismo de ruptura, (12) mecanismo de gatillo, (13) primera placa soporte, (14) segunda placa soporte, (15) tercera placa soporte, (16) conjunto módulos,Figure n 2 8c is a top plan view of the trigger element where the upper shaft has been fixedly mounted in the square hole of the upper portion of said trigger element, by means of the protruding elements of the upper shaft that position by abutting the housings provided in the intermediate portion of the trigger element. Preferred embodiment of the invention: Following is a numbered list of the different parts that participate in the improved electrical maneuvering apparatus of the attached figures: (10) electrical apparatus, (11) breaking mechanism, (12) trigger mechanism, (13) first support plate , (14) second support plate, (15) third support plate, (16) module assembly,
(16 ') módulo, (17) tapa inferior, (18) eje superior, (19) eje inferior, (20a, 20b) tornillos de ajuste, (21) elemento de ruptura, (22) levas, (23) muelles, (24) elemento gatillo, (25) contactos, (26) porciones cilindricas, (27) porción intermedia, (28) orificio central, (29) porción superior,(16 ') module, (17) lower cover, (18) upper axle, (19) lower axle, (20a, 20b) adjusting screws, (21) breaking element, (22) cams, (23) springs, (24) trigger element, (25) contacts, (26) cylindrical portions, (27) intermediate portion, (28) center hole, (29) upper portion,
(30) porción inferior, (31) porción intermedia, (32) porciones sobresalientes de la porción intermedia (31), (33) porciones rebajadas de la porción intermedia (31) , (34) orificio superior cuadrado del elemento gatillo (24) , (35) orificio inferior escalonado del elemento gatillo (24) , (36) levas para los contactos (25) , (37) puentes, (38) orificio central de la segunda placa soporte (14) , (39) regatas de la segunda placa soporte (14) , (40) topes finales de la segunda placa soporte (14) , (41) partes sobresalientes del elemento de ruptura (21) , (42) partes rehundidas del elemento de ruptura (21), (43) hendidura longitudinal del eje inferior (19) , (44) orificio central de la tercera placa soporte (15), (45) regatas de la primera placa soporte (13), (46) topes finales de la primera placa soporte (13), (47) orificio central de la primera placa soporte (13), (48) elementos sobresalientes del eje superior (18) , (49) alojamientos de la porción intermedia (31), (50) tuercas, (51) porción central de las levas para los contactos (36) , (52) orificio central de las levas para los contactos (36) , (53) porciones sobresalientes de las levas para los contactos (36) , (54) orificios para los tornillos, (55) orificios para los tornillos, (56) mando rotatorio, (57) orificios para los tornillos. Según es una realización preferida de la invención, el aparato eléctrico de maniobra (10) comprende esencialmente un eje superior (18) conectado solidariamente a un mando rotatorio (56) ; un eje inferior (19) dispuesto en la parte inferior del conjunto modular y que atraviesa todo el conjunto de módulos (16) ; un mecanismo de ruptura (11) montado solidariamente en el extremo superior del eje inferior (19) adaptado para almacenar la energía necesaria para el giro libre de dicho eje inferior (19) hasta su posción final; un mecanismo de gatillo (12) montado solidariamente en el extremo inferior del eje superior (18) adaptado para limitar el movimiento del eje superior (18) y permitir que el mecanismo de ruptura (11) libere la energía almacenada para hacer desplazar los contactos (25) con una velocidad máxima; y unas placas soportes (13, 14, 15) que se montan acopladas a la parte superior del conjunto de módulos (16) y que están adaptadas para albergar el mecanismo de ruptura (11) y el mecanismo de gatillo (12) .(30) lower portion, (31) intermediate portion, (32) protruding portions of the intermediate portion (31), (33) recessed portions of the intermediate portion (31), (34) upper square hole of the trigger element (24) , (35) staggered lower hole of the trigger element (24), (36) cams for contacts (25), (37) bridges, (38) central hole of the second support plate (14), (39) regattas of the second support plate (14), (40) end stops of the second support plate (14), (41) projecting parts of the rupture element (21), (42) recessed parts of the rupture element (21), (43) longitudinal groove of the lower shaft (19), (44) central hole of the third support plate (15), (45) regattas of the first support plate (13), (46) end stops of the first support plate (13), (47) central hole of the first support plate (13), (48) protruding elements of the upper shaft (18), (49) housings of the intermediate portion (31), (50) nuts, (51) central portion of the cams for the contacts (36), (52) central hole of the cams for the contacts (36), (53) protruding portions of the cams for the contacts (36), (54) screw holes, (55) screw holes, (56) rotary knob, (57) screw holes. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the electric maneuvering apparatus (10) essentially comprises an upper shaft (18) connected in solidarity with a rotary control (56); a lower axis (19) disposed in the lower part of the modular assembly and which crosses the entire module assembly (16); a rupture mechanism (11) integrally mounted on the upper end of the lower axis (19) adapted to store the energy necessary for the free rotation of said lower axis (19) until its final position; a trigger mechanism (12) integrally mounted on the lower end of the upper shaft (18) adapted to limit the movement of the upper shaft (18) and allow the breaking mechanism (11) to release the stored energy to move the contacts ( 25) with a maximum speed; and support plates (13, 14, 15) that are mounted coupled to the top of the module assembly (16) and that are adapted to house the breaking mechanism (11) and the trigger mechanism (12).
Tal y como se muestra en la figura na 1, el mecanismo de ruptura (11) está formado por un elemento de ruptura (21) de configuración en forma de estrella con cuatro puntas sobresalientes (41) y cuatro hendiduras (42) y un orificio central (28) pasante, en colaboración con cuatro levas palpadoras (22) que se sujetan en una segunda placa soporte (14) mediante sus respectivos muelles (23) . El elemento de ruptura (21) presenta además dos porciones extremas (26) cilindricas que se prolongan en dirección axial por sus dos extremos, las cuales están adaptadas para posicionar el elemento de ruptura (21) por un lado en una tercera placa soporte (15) y por el otro en la segunda placa soporte (14) . Tal y como se muestra en la figura n2 6, la citada segunda placa soporte (14) presenta una configuración de perímetro cuadrado y está dotada de un orificio central (38) pasante y en su cara inferior se prevén una serie de regatas (39) situadas en las diagonales de la placa soporte (14) con unos topes finales (40) para recibir a cada conjunto leva- muelle (22-23). Cada una de dicho conjunto leva-muelle (22- 23) se monta fijamente en las citadas regatas (39) con el muelle (23) apoyado contra el tope (40) y el extremo redondeado de la leva (22) queda en contacto puntual con la porción intermedia (26) del elemento de ruptura (21) . De este modo, al girar el citado elemento de ruptura (21) por el giro del eje inferior (19) , las levas (22) van siguiendo el contorno de la porción intermedia (27) y cuando están en contacto con una parte sobresaliente (41) los correspondientes muelles (23) se encuentran comprimidos, mientras que al entrar en contacto con una parte rehundidaAs shown in Figure n to 1, the breaking mechanism (11) is formed by a star-shaped breaking element (21) with four protruding tips (41) and four slits (42) and a through central hole (28), in collaboration with four sensing cams (22) that are held in a second support plate (14) by their respective springs (23). The rupture element (21) also has two end portions (26) cylindrical that extend in axial direction by its two ends, which are adapted to position the breaking element (21) on one side on a third support plate (15) and on the other on the second support plate (14). As shown in Figure 2 , said second support plate (14) has a square perimeter configuration and is provided with a through central hole (38) and a series of races (39) are provided on its lower face ) located on the diagonals of the support plate (14) with end stops (40) to receive each lifting assembly (22-23). Each of said cam-spring assembly (22-23) is fixedly mounted on said regattas (39) with the spring (23) resting against the stop (40) and the rounded end of the cam (22) remains in point contact with the intermediate portion (26) of the rupture element (21). Thus, when the said rupture element (21) is rotated by the rotation of the lower shaft (19), the cams (22) follow the contour of the intermediate portion (27) and when they are in contact with an projecting part ( 41) the corresponding springs (23) are compressed, while coming into contact with a recessed part
(42) los mismos (23) pasan a estar en una posición descomprimida. En la situación concreta de la figura n2 6, las levas (22) se encuentran en contacto con las partes rehundidas (42) de la porción intermedia (27), con lo cual los muelles (23) se encuentran en una posición descomprimida .(42) they (23) become in an unzipped position. In the specific situation of Figure 2 , the cams (22) are in contact with the recessed parts (42) of the intermediate portion (27), whereby the springs (23) are in an unzipped position.
Tal y como se muestra en las figuras n2 3a y 3b, el orificio central (28) del elemento de ruptura (21) presenta una configuración poligonal escalonada, la cual garantiza un acoplamiento solidario perfecto entre dicho elemento de ruptura (21) y el eje inferior (19) de sección sensiblemente cuadrada y provisto de una hendidura triangular longitudinal (43) practicada en una de sus caras, véase figuras n2 8a y 8b.As shown in Figures 2, 3a and 3b, the central hole (28) of the rupture element (21) has a stepped polygonal configuration, which guarantees a perfect solidarity coupling between said rupture element (21) and the lower axis (19) of substantially square section and provided with a longitudinal triangular groove (43) practiced on one of its faces, see figures 2 8a and 8b.
La tercera placa soporte (15) presenta un perímetro cuadrangular y un orificio central (44) para el paso del eje inferior (19) . Con tal de acoplar la cara superior del conjunto de módulos (16) con la cara inferior de la citada tercera placa soporte (15) se montan unos pivotes salientes de la cara superior del conjunto de módulos (16) que encajan con unos orificios del mismo tamaño que los pivotes previstos en la citada tercera placa soporte (15) . También se prevén otros medios de encaje, tales como pestañas que encajan con respectivos alojamientos.The third support plate (15) has a quadrangular perimeter and a central hole (44) for the passage of the lower axis (19). In order to connect the upper face of the module assembly (16) with the lower face of said third support plate (15), projecting pivots are mounted on the upper face of the module assembly (16) that fit with holes thereof size than the pivots provided in said third support plate (15). Other means of fitting are also provided, such as tabs that fit with respective housings.
Por su parte, y tal y como se muestra en la figura n2 4, el elemento gatillo (24) presenta una porción superior (29) cilindrica hueca, una porción inferior (30) cilindrica hueca, y dos alas laterales intermedias (31) . La porción inferior (30) está adaptada para insertarse en el orificio central (38) de la segunda placa soporte (14) y recibir el extremo superior del eje inferior (19), mientras que dicha porción superior (29) está adaptada para fijar solidariamente el elemento gatillo (24) al extremo inferior del eje superior (18), véase figura n2 2.On the other hand, and as shown in Figure 2 , the trigger element (24) has a hollow cylindrical upper portion (29), a hollow cylindrical lower portion (30), and two intermediate lateral wings (31) . The lower portion (30) is adapted to be inserted in the central hole (38) of the second support plate (14) and to receive the upper end of the lower shaft (19), while said upper portion (29) is adapted to be fixed in solidarity. the trigger element (24) to the lower end of the upper shaft (18), see figure n 2 2.
La configuración preferida de las alas intermedias (31) del elemento gatillo (24) es la que se muestra en las figuras n2 4a-4d, en la que se prevén dos alas sobresalientes en dirección radial y de contorno circunferencial situadas diametralmente opuestas, y entre dichas alas se forman dos tramos rebajados (33) de perfil también circular.The preferred configuration of the intermediate wings (31) of the trigger element (24) is that shown in Figures 2 4a-4d, in which two projecting wings in radial direction and circumferential contour located diametrically opposite, and between said wings form two recessed sections (33) of also circular profile.
El elemento gatillo (24) se monta posicionado en un alojamiento central circular de iguales dimensiones previsto en la cara inferior de la primera placa soporte (13) . Tal y como se puede apreciar en la figura ns 7, dicha cara inferior de la primera placa soporte (13) presenta también unas regatas (45) con unos topes finales (46) adaptados para alojar fijamente a respectivos conjuntos muelle-leva (23- 22) , aunque dichos muelles (23) no se comprimen sino que tan solo sirven para limitar el movimiento del eje superior (18). La primera placa soporte (13) también presenta un orificio central (47) para permitir el paso del eje superior (18) . En la porción superior (29) del elemento gatillo (24) se monta solidariamente el extremo más inferior del eje superior (18) . Preferentemente, la citada porción superior (29) presenta un orificio central de igual sección cuadrada que el eje superior (18) , y en las proximidades del extremo inferior del eje superior se incorporan unos elementos sobresalientes (48) que encajan haciendo tope en unos alojamientos (49) provistos en la cara superior de las alas intermedias (31), véase figura n2 8c.The trigger element (24) is mounted positioned in a circular central housing of equal dimensions provided on the underside of the first support plate (13). As can be seen in Figure s 7, said lower face of the first support plate (13) also has a race (45) with end stops (46) adapted to fixedly accommodate respective sets spring-cam (23 - 22), although said springs (23) are not compressed but only serve to limit the movement of the upper shaft (18). The first support plate (13) also has a central hole (47) to allow the passage of the upper shaft (18). In the upper portion (29) of the trigger element (24) the lower end of the upper shaft (18) is mounted in solidarity. Preferably, said upper portion (29) has a central hole of the same square section as the upper axis (18), and in the vicinity of the lower end of the upper axis, protruding elements (48) are fitted that abut in some housings. (49) provided on the upper face of the intermediate wings (31), see figure n 2 8c.
Por su parte, la porción inferior (30) del elemento gatillo (24) presenta un orificio central (35) de sección poligonal escalonada con cuatro salientes hacia el interior adaptado, que permite un movimiento relativo libre del eje inferior (19) de aproximadamente 452, véase figuras n2 8a y 8b. Ventajosamente, la ingeniosa configuración de las dos secciones interiores del elemento gatillo (24) permite conectar ambos ejes (18,19) entre si de modo que se pueden acoplar y desacoplar sus giros, de manera que una vez los muelles (23) del mecanismo de ruptura (11) están cargados, la energía almacenada puede liberarse libremente y entonces permitir el giro libre del eje inferior (19) y la consecuente activación de los contactos (25) . Este movimiento libre del eje inferior (19) permite la máxima velocidad de apertura y cierre de los contactos (25) .For its part, the lower portion (30) of the trigger element (24) has a central hole (35) of stepped polygonal section with four protrusions inwardly adapted, which allows a free relative movement of the lower axis (19) of approximately 45 2 , see figures n 2 8a and 8b. Advantageously, the ingenious configuration of the two inner sections of the trigger element (24) allows both axes (18,19) to be connected to each other so that their turns can be coupled and uncoupled, so that once the springs (23) of the mechanism of rupture (11) are charged, the stored energy can be released freely and then allow free rotation of the lower axis (19) and the consequent activation of the contacts (25). This free movement of the lower shaft (19) allows the maximum opening and closing speed of the contacts (25).
Al rotar el usuario el mando exterior (56) , no representado en las figuras, desde una posición de apertura de los circuitos (posición 0) a una posición de cerramiento (posición 1) o vieceversa, los contactos (25) de cada uno de los módulos se desplazarán justo en el momento que el mando exterior (56) llegue al final del giro.When the user rotates the external control (56), not shown in the figures, from an opening position of the circuits (position 0) to a closed position (position 1) or vice versa, the contacts (25) of each of The modules will move just as soon as the external control (56) reaches the end of the turn.
Con el fin de acoplar las placas soporte primera (13) y segunda (14) entre sí se prevén unos pivotes salientes en las esquinas de la cara superior de la placa soporte segunda (14) , adaptados para quedar insertados en unos orificios previstos en las esquinas de la cara inferior de la placa soporte primera (13) .In order to couple the first (13) and second (14) support plates to each other, projecting pivots are provided at the corners of the upper face of the second support plate (14), adapted to be inserted in holes provided in the corners of the underside of the first support plate (13).
Tal y como puede apreciarse en la figura na 1, el conjunto de módulos (16) presenta una pluralidad de unidades (16') fácilmente acoplables unas a continuación de las otras en posición coaxial . Cada una de dichas unidades presenta unos pares de contactos fijos y unas correspondientes piezas-puente o contactos móviles (25) , que quedan en disposición de establecer la conexión entre dichos contactos fijos. En cada uno de los citados módulos (16') se monta en su parte central una leva para los contactos (36) , la cual está adaptada para desplazar los contactos (25) y así abrir/cerrar el circuito conectado al respectivo contacto. Tal y como puede apreciarse en las figuras n2 5a y 5b, dicha leva para los contactos (36) presenta una porción centralAs can be seen in Figure n to 1, the set of modules (16) has a plurality of units (16 ') easily coupled one after the other in a coaxial position. Each of said units has a pair of fixed contacts and corresponding bridge-pieces or mobile contacts (25), which are able to establish the connection between said fixed contacts. In each of the aforementioned modules (16 ') a cam for the contacts (36) is mounted in its central part, which is adapted to move the contacts (25) and thus open / close the circuit connected to the respective contact. As can be seen in Figures 2, 5a and 5b, said cam for contacts (36) has a central portion
(51) cilindrica dotada de un orificio central (52) pasante de configuración poligonal escalonada, y una porción intermedia en forma de dos alas (53) que sobresalen radialmente y en posiciones diametralmente opuestas entre sí. Según es una configuración preferida, dichas alas (53) presentan un contorno frontal circular, un lateral plano y el otro lateral convexo, véase figura nΞ 5a. El orificio central (52) presenta una configuración con cuatro salientes hacia el interior, de modo que permite un movimiento relativo libre del eje inferior (19) de hasta 45a.(51) cylindrical endowed with a central hole (52) with a polygonal stepped configuration, and an intermediate portion in the form of two wings (53) projecting radially and in diametrically opposite positions. As a preferred configuration, said wings (53) have a circular contour front, a flat side and one convex side, the 5th Ξ see FIG. The central hole (52) has a configuration with four projections inwards, so that it allows a free relative movement of the lower axis (19) of up to 45 a .
En la parte inferior del conjunto de módulos (16) se monta una tapa inferior (17) dotada de dos orificios, en los que se montan sendos tornillos de anclaje (20a, 20b) fijados por sendas tuercas (50) . Dichos tornillos de anclaje (20a, 20b) atraviesan todo el aparato eléctrico (10) , pasando a través de los orificios (57) provistos en la tercera placa soporte (15) , seguidamente por los orificios (54) provistos en la segunda placa soporte (14) y finalmente por los orificios (55) provistos en la primera placa soporte (13), hasta roscarse sus extremos superiores en respectivas tuercas dispuestas en la cara superior de la primera placa soporte (13) .In the lower part of the module assembly (16) a lower cover (17) with two holes is mounted, in which two anchor bolts (20a, 20b) are mounted, fixed by two nuts (50). Said anchor bolts (20a, 20b) pass through the entire electrical apparatus (10), passing through the holes (57) provided in the third support plate (15), then through the holes (54) provided in the second support plate (14) and finally through the holes (55) provided in the first support plate (13), until their upper ends are threaded into respective nuts arranged in the upper face of the first support plate (13).
Descrita suficientemente la presente invención en correspondencia con las figuras adjuntas se comprenderá que el objeto de la invención no queda constreñido a las mismas y que la descripción tiene un carácter enunciativo e ilustrativo de la invención pero no limitativo de la misma, siempre y cuando se ajuste a las siguientes reivindicaciones . Suitably described the present invention in correspondence with the attached figures it will be understood that The object of the invention is not constrained thereto and that the description has an enunciative and illustrative character of the invention but not limited thereto, as long as it conforms to the following claims.

Claims

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S:R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S:
Ia - "PERFECCIONAMIENTOS EN LOS APARATOS ELÉCTRICOS DE MANIOBRA" de los que comprenden un numero variable de unidades o módulos iguales montados coaxialmente entre sí, presentando cada una de dichas unidades unos pares de contactos fijos y unas correspondientes piezas-puente o contactos móviles, que quedan en disposición de establecer la conexión entre dichos contactos fijos, y estando controlado el desplazamiento simultáneo de dichos contactos móviles por un órgano extremo de maniobra rotatorio, caracterizados en que el aparato eléctrico de maniobra (10) comprende :I a - "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUAL ELECTRICAL DEVICES" of which they comprise a variable number of equal units or modules mounted coaxially with each other, each of these units presenting pairs of fixed contacts and corresponding bridge-pieces or moving contacts, which remain in a position to establish the connection between said fixed contacts, and the simultaneous displacement of said mobile contacts being controlled by a rotary maneuvering end member, characterized in that the electrical maneuvering apparatus (10) comprises:
- un eje superior (18) conectado solidariamente al elemento de maniobra rotatorio (56) actuado por el usuario,- an upper shaft (18) connected in solidarity with the rotary operating element (56) operated by the user,
- un eje inferior (19) que se dispone atravesando todo el conjunto de módulos (16) que albergan los distintos contactos (25) ,- a lower axis (19) that is arranged through the entire set of modules (16) that house the different contacts (25),
- un mecanismo de ruptura (11) montado solidariamente en el extremo superior del eje inferior (19) adaptado para almacenar la energía necesaria para el giro libre de dicho eje inferior (19) hasta su posción final,- a rupture mechanism (11) integrally mounted on the upper end of the lower axis (19) adapted to store the energy necessary for the free rotation of said lower axis (19) until its final position,
- un mecanismo de gatillo (12) montado por su extremo superior solidariamente al extremo inferior del eje superior (18) y por su extremo inferior montado con posibilidad de giro en el extremo superior del eje inferior (19) , estando adaptado para limitar el movimiento del eje superior (18) y a la vez permitir el desplazamiento de los contactos (25) con velocidad máxima mediante el giro libre del eje inferior (19) una vez el mecanismo de ruptura (11) libera la energía acumulada, y- a trigger mechanism (12) mounted at its upper end in solidarity with the lower end of the upper shaft (18) and by its lower end mounted with the possibility of rotation at the upper end of the lower shaft (19), being adapted to limit movement of the upper axis (18) and at the same time allow the displacement of the contacts (25) with maximum speed by means of the free rotation of the lower axis (19) a Once the breaking mechanism (11) releases the accumulated energy, and
- unas placas soportes (13, 14, 15) que se montan acopladas a la parte superior del conjunto de módulos (16) y que están adaptadas para albergar separadamente entre sí al mecanismo de ruptura (11) y al mecanismo de gatillo (12) .- support plates (13, 14, 15) that are mounted coupled to the upper part of the module assembly (16) and that are adapted to house the breaking mechanism (11) and the trigger mechanism (12) separately from each other. .
2 a _ "PERFECCIONAMIENTOS EN LOS APARATOS ELÉCTRICOS DE2 a _ "PERFECTION IN THE ELECTRICAL DEVICES OF
MANIOBRA" según la primera reivindicación, caracterizados en que el mecanismo de ruptura (11) está formado por un elemento de ruptura (21) formado por una porción intermediaMANEUVER "according to the first claim, characterized in that the breaking mechanism (11) is formed by a breaking element (21) formed by an intermediate portion
(27) en forma de estrella con cuatro puntas sobresalientes(27) star-shaped with four protruding points
(41) y cuatro hendiduras (42) y un orificio central pasante(41) and four slits (42) and a through central hole
(28) , en combinación con cuatro levas palpadoras (22) que son sujetadas en una segunda placa soporte (14) mediante respectivos muelles de compresión (23), presentando además el elemento de ruptura (21) dos porciones extremas (26) cilindricas que se prolongan en dirección axial por cada uno de sus extremos superior e inferior, las cuales están adaptadas para posicionar el elemento de ruptura (21) por un lado en una tercera placa soporte (15) y por el otro en la segunda placa soporte (14) .(28), in combination with four sensing cams (22) that are held on a second support plate (14) by means of respective compression springs (23), the rupture element (21) also having two cylindrical end portions (26) that they extend in axial direction for each of its upper and lower ends, which are adapted to position the breaking element (21) on one side on a third support plate (15) and on the other on the second support plate (14 ).
3a - "PERFECCIONAMIENTOS EN LOS APARATOS ELÉCTRICOS DE3 a - "PERFECTION IN THE ELECTRICAL DEVICES OF
MANIOBRA" según la primera y segunda reivindicaciones, caracterizados en que la segunda placa soporte (14) está dotada de un orificio central (38) pasante para el paso del eje inferior (19) , y en su cara inferior se disponen unas regatas (39) en dirección radial con unos topes finales (40) para recibir a unos conjunto leva-muelle (22, 23), que se montan fijamente en las correspondientes regatas con el muelle apoyado contra el tope y el extremo redondeado de la leva quedando en contacto puntual con la porción intermedia en forma de estrella del elemento de ruptura, de modo que al producirse el giro del citado elemento de ruptura solidario con el eje inferior, las levas van siguiendo el contorno de la porción intermedia, de manera que cuando están en contacto con las partes sobresalientes de la estrella los muelles se encuentran comprimidos, pero al entrar en contacto las mismas con las partes rehundidas de la estrella entonces los muelles pasan a estar descomprimidos.Maneuver "according to the first and second claims, characterized in that the second support plate (14) is provided with a central hole (38) through for the passage of the lower shaft (19), and on its lower face there are regattas (39 ) in radial direction with end stops (40) to receive cam-spring assembly (22, 23), which are fixedly mounted on the corresponding races with the spring resting against the stop and the rounded end of the cam being in precise contact with the star-shaped intermediate portion of the rupture element, so that when the said rupture element integral with the lower axis occurs, the cams go following the contour of the intermediate portion, so that when they are in contact with the protruding parts of the star the springs are compressed, but when they come into contact with the recessed parts of the star then the springs become decompressed.
4a - "PERFECCIONAMIENTOS EN LOS APARATOS ELÉCTRICOS DE MANIOBRA" según la segunda reivindicación, caracterizados en que el orificio central (28) del elemento de ruptura (21) presenta una configuración poligonal escalonada, adaptada para acoplar solidariamente dicho elemento de ruptura (21) con el eje inferior (19) de sección sensiblemente cuadrada.4 a - "PERFECTION IN THE MANUAL ELECTRICAL DEVICES" according to the second claim, characterized in that the central hole (28) of the rupture element (21) has a stepped polygonal configuration, adapted to jointly connect said rupture element (21) with the lower axis (19) of substantially square section.
5a - "PERFECCIONAMIENTOS EN LOS APARATOS ELÉCTRICOS DE MANIOBRA" según la primera reivindicación, caracterizados en que el mecanismo de gatillo (12) está formado por un elemento gatillo (24) formado por una porción superior (29) cilindrica hueca, una porción inferior (30) cilindrica hueca y una porción intermedia (31) con un orificio central, dicha porción intermedia (31) formada por unas porciones sobresalientes (32) y unas porciones rebajadas (33), estando adaptada la porción inferior (30) para insertarse en el orificio central (38) de la segunda placa soporte (14) y recibir el extremo superior del eje inferior (19), mientras que dicha porción superior (29) está adaptada para fijar solidariamente el elemento gatillo (24) al extremo inferior del eje superior (18) , y estando adaptadas las porciones rebajadas (33) de la porción intermedia (31) para recibir el contacto puntual de los extremos de unas levas (22) sujetadas en una posición fija y en dirección radial en la primera placa soporte (13) por respectivos muelles (23) . 6a _ "PERFECCIONAMIENTOS EN LOS APARATOS ELÉCTRICOS DE MANIOBRA" según la quinta reivindicación, caracterizados en que la porción intermedia (31) del elemento gatillo (24) está formada por unas alas (32) que se prolongan en dirección radial y están situadas diametralmente opuestas entre sí, y presentan un contorno circunferencial, y entre dichas alas se forman respectivos porciones rebajadas (33) de perfil circunferencial .5 a - "PERFECTION IN THE ELECTRICAL OPERATING EQUIPMENT" according to the first claim, characterized in that the trigger mechanism (12) is formed by a trigger element (24) formed by a hollow cylindrical upper portion (29), a lower portion (30) hollow cylindrical and an intermediate portion (31) with a central hole, said intermediate portion (31) formed by protruding portions (32) and recessed portions (33), the lower portion (30) being adapted to be inserted into the central hole (38) of the second support plate (14) and receiving the upper end of the lower shaft (19), while said upper portion (29) is adapted to jointly fix the trigger element (24) to the lower end of the shaft upper (18), and the portions being adapted recessed (33) of the intermediate portion (31) to receive timely contact of the ends of cams (22) held in a fixed position and in the radial direction on the first support plate (13) by respective springs (23). 6 a _ "PERFECTION IN THE ELECTRICAL OPERATING DEVICES" according to the fifth claim, characterized in that the intermediate portion (31) of the trigger element (24) is formed by wings (32) that extend radially and are diametrically located opposite each other, and have a circumferential contour, and between said wings respective recessed portions (33) of circumferential profile are formed.
7 a _ "PERFECCIONAMIENTOS EN LOS APARATOS ELÉCTRICOS DE MANIOBRA" según la quinta y sexta reivindicaciones, caracterizados en que se dispondrán tantos conjuntos muelle- leva (22, 23) como porciones rebajadas (33) tenga el elemento gatillo (24), y dichos conjuntos muelle-leva (22, 23) se dispondrán en la misma dirección y en posiciones enfrentadas . 8a - "PERFECCIONAMIENTOS EN LOS APARATOS ELÉCTRICOS DE7 a _ "PERFECTION IN THE ELECTRICAL DEVICES OF MANIOBRA" according to the fifth and sixth claims, characterized in that as many spring-cam assemblies (22, 23) as disposed portions (33) will have the trigger element (24), and said spring-cam assemblies (22, 23) will be arranged in the same direction and in opposite positions. 8 a - "PERFECTION IN THE ELECTRICAL DEVICES OF
MANIOBRA" según la quinta, sexta y séptima reivindicaciones, caracterizados en que el elemento gatillo (24) tendrá dos porciones sobresalientes (32) con dos porciones rebajadasManeuver "according to the fifth, sixth and seventh claims, characterized in that the trigger element (24) will have two projecting portions (32) with two recessed portions
(33), y se dispondrán dos conjuntos muelle-leva (22, 23) . 9a - "PERFECCIONAMIENTOS EN LOS APARATOS ELÉCTRICOS DE(33), and two spring-cam assemblies (22, 23) will be arranged. 9 a - "PERFECTION IN THE ELECTRICAL DEVICES OF
MANIOBRA" según la quinta reivindicación, caracterizados en que se prevén en la primera placa soporte (13) unas regatasMANEUVER "according to the fifth claim, characterized in that regattas (13) are provided with regattas
(45) en dirección radial con unos topes finales (46) adaptados para alojar fijamente a respectivos conjuntos muelle-leva (22, 23), quedando montados los muelles (23) en los citados topes finales (46) y el extremo frontal de las levas (22) en contacto puntual con las porciones rebajadas (33) .(45) in the radial direction with end stops (46) adapted to stably accommodate respective spring-cam assemblies (22, 23), the springs (23) being mounted on said end stops (46) and the front end of the cams (22) in punctual contact with the recessed portions (33).
10a - "PERFECCIONAMIENTOS EN LOS APARATOS ELÉCTRICOS DE MANIOBRA" según la quinta reivindicación, caracterizados en que el elemento gatillo (24) se monta posicionado en la primera placa soporte (13), quedando ajustadas las superficies exteriores de las porciones sobresalientes (32) del elemento gatillo (24) en un alojamiento central circular de dimensiones similares previsto en la cara inferior de la primera placa soporte (13). lis _ "PERFECCIONAMIENTOS EN LOS APARATOS ELÉCTRICOS DE MANIOBRA" según la quinta reivindicación, caracterizados en que la porción superior (29) del elemento gatillo (24) presenta un orificio central (34) de igual sección que el eje superior (18) para acoplarse al mismo de forma solidaria.10 a - "PERFECTION IN THE ELECTRICAL OPERATING DEVICES" according to the fifth claim, characterized in that the trigger element (24) is mounted positioned on the first support plate (13), the outer surfaces of the protruding portions (32) being adjusted of the trigger element (24) in a circular central housing of similar dimensions provided on the underside of the first support plate (13). li s _ "PERFECTION IN THE MANUAL ELECTRICAL DEVICES" according to the fifth claim, characterized in that the upper portion (29) of the trigger element (24) has a central hole (34) of the same section as the upper axis (18) for coupled to it in solidarity.
12a - "PERFECCIONAMIENTOS EN LOS APARATOS ELÉCTRICOS DE MANIOBRA" según la primera y onceava reivindicaciones, caracterizados en que en las proximidades del extremo inferior del eje superior (18) se incorporan unos elementos sobresalientes (48) que encajan en unos alojamientos (49) provistos en la cara superior de la porción intermedia (31) del elemento gatillo (24) . 13a - "PERFECCIONAMIENTOS EN LOS APARATOS ELÉCTRICOS DE MANIOBRA" según la quinta reivindicación, caracterizados en que la porción inferior (30) del elemento gatillo (24) presenta un orificio inferior (35) central de sección poligonal escalonada con unos salientes hacia el interior, de modo que permite un movimiento relativo libre del eje inferior (19) de unos 452 y también un movimiento solidario de arrastre del eje inferior (19) por parte del eje superior (18) .12 a - "PERFECTION IN THE ELECTRICAL DEVICES OF MANIOBRA" according to the first and eleventh claims, characterized in that in the vicinity of the lower end of the upper axis (18) protruding elements (48) are incorporated that fit into housings (49) provided on the upper face of the intermediate portion (31) of the trigger element (24). 13 a - "PERFECTION IN THE ELECTRICAL OPERATING DEVICES" according to the fifth claim, characterized in that the lower portion (30) of the trigger element (24) has a central lower hole (35) of stepped polygonal section with projections inwards , so that it allows a relative free movement of the axis bottom (19) of about 45 2 and also a solidarity movement of the lower shaft (19) by the upper shaft (18).
14 a - "PERFECCIONAMIENTOS EN LOS APARATOS ELÉCTRICOS DE MANIOBRA" según la treceava reivindicación, caracterizados en que el orificio central (35) de la porción inferior (30) del elemento gatillo (24) presenta cuatro salientes hacia el interior adaptados para recibir a un eje superior (18) de sección sensiblemente cuadrada. 15a - "PERFECCIONAMIENTOS EN LOS APARATOS ELÉCTRICOS DE MANIOBRA" según la primera reivindicación, caracterizados en que la primera placa soporte (13) presenta un orificio central (47) pasante para permitir el paso del eje superior (18) . 16a - "PERFECCIONAMIENTOS EN LOS APARATOS ELÉCTRICOS DE MANIOBRA" según la primera reivindicación, caracterizados en que se prevén unos pivotes salientes en las esquinas de la cara superior de la segunda placa soporte (14) , adaptados para quedar insertados en unos orificios previstos en las esquinas de la cara inferior de la primera placa soporte (13), y asi montar acopladamente ambas placas (13, 14) entre sí.14 a - "PERFECTION IN THE ELECTRICAL OPERATING DEVICES" according to the thirteenth claim, characterized in that the central hole (35) of the lower portion (30) of the trigger element (24) has four inward projections adapted to receive a upper shaft (18) of substantially square section. 15 a - "PERFECTION IN THE ELECTRICAL OPERATING DEVICES" according to the first claim, characterized in that the first support plate (13) has a through hole (47) to allow the passage of the upper shaft (18). 16 a - "PERFECTION IN THE ELECTRICAL DEVICES OF MANIOBRA" according to the first claim, characterized in that outgoing pivots are provided in the corners of the upper face of the second support plate (14), adapted to be inserted in holes provided in the corners of the lower face of the first support plate (13), and thus assemble both plates (13, 14) together.
17 a _ "PERFECCIONAMIENTOS EN LOS APARATOS ELÉCTRICOS DE MANIOBRA" según la primera reivindicación, caracterizados en que en cada uno de los módulos (16 ') del conjunto de módulos (16) se monta en su parte central una leva (36) para el accionamiento de los contactos (25) , las cuales están adaptadas para hacer desplazar a los contactos (25) .17 a _ "PERFECTION IN THE ELECTRICAL OPERATING DEVICES" according to the first claim, characterized in that in each of the modules (16 ') of the module assembly (16) a cam (36) is mounted in its central part for the contact actuation (25), which are adapted to move the contacts (25).
18a - "PERFECCIONAMIENTOS EN LOS APARATOS ELÉCTRICOS DE MANIOBRA" según la anterior reivindicación, caracterizados en que las levas para los contactos (36) presentan preferentemente una porción central (51) cilindrica dotada de un orificio central (52) pasante de configuración poligonal escalonada, y una porción intermedia (53) formada por unas porciones sobresalientes (53) que se prolongan hacia afuera radialmente y en posiciones diametralmente opuestas entre sí.18 a - "PERFECTION IN THE ELECTRICAL DEVICES OF MANIOBRA" according to the preceding claim, characterized in which the cams for the contacts (36) preferably have a central cylindrical portion (51) provided with a central hole (52) through a stepped polygonal configuration, and an intermediate portion (53) formed by projecting portions (53) which extend outward radially and in diametrically opposite positions.
19 a _ "PERFECCIONAMIENTOS EN LOS APARATOS ELÉCTRICOS DE19 a _ "PERFECTION IN THE ELECTRICAL DEVICES OF
MANIOBRA" según la anterior reivindicación, caracterizados en que la porción intermedia (53) de las levas para los contactos (36) está formada por dos alas de contorno frontal circunferencial, un lateral plano y el otro lateral convexo, y el orificio central (52) con cuatro salientes hacia el interior, de modo que permite un movimiento relativo libre del eje inferior (19) de hasta 452.OPERATION "according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the intermediate portion (53) of the cams for the contacts (36) is formed by two circumferential frontal contour wings, one flat side and the other convex side, and the central hole (52 ) with four projections inwards, so that it allows a relative free movement of the lower axis (19) of up to 45 2 .
20 ≥ - "PERFECCIONAMIENTOS EN LOS APARATOS ELÉCTRICOS DE MANIOBRA" según la primera reivindicación, caracterizados en que se prevé una tercera placa soporte (15) dotada de un orificio central (44) pasante para el paso del eje inferior (19) , y que se acopla a la cara superior del conjunto de módulos (16) .20 ≥ - "PERFECTION IN THE MANUAL ELECTRICAL DEVICES" according to the first claim, characterized in that a third support plate (15) provided with a central hole (44) through for the passage of the lower axis (19) is provided, and that it is coupled to the upper face of the module assembly (16).
21 a _ "PERFECCIONAMIENTOS EN LOS APARATOS ELÉCTRICOS DE MANIOBRA" según la anterior reivindicación, caracterizados en que el sistema de unión entre la tercera placa soporte (15) y la cara superior del conjunto de módulos (16) es mediante unos pivotes salientes de la cara superior del conjunto de módulos (16) que encajan con unos orificios del mismo tamaño que los pivotes previstos en la citada tercera placa soporte (15) . 22 ≥ - "PERFECCIONAMIENTOS EN LOS APARATOS ELÉCTRICOS DE21 a _ "PERFECTION IN THE MANUAL ELECTRICAL DEVICES" according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the joint system between the third support plate (15) and the upper face of the module assembly (16) is by means of protruding pivots of the upper side of the module assembly (16) that fit with holes of the same size as the pivots provided in said third support plate (15). 22 ≥ - "PERFECTION IN THE ELECTRICAL DEVICES OF
MANIOBRA" según la primera reivindicación, caracterizados en que las placas soporte (13, 14, 15) están dotadas de unos orificios (54, 55, 57) adaptados para recibir a unos tornillos de anclaje (20a, 20b) , que atraviesan todo el aparato eléctrico (10) hasta roscarse sus extremos superiores en la cara superior de la primera placa soporteMANEUVER "according to the first claim, characterized in that the support plates (13, 14, 15) are provided with holes (54, 55, 57) adapted to receive anchor bolts (20a, 20b), which cross the entire electrical apparatus (10) until its upper ends are threaded on the upper face of the first support plate
(13) . (13).
PCT/ES2008/000090 2008-02-06 2008-02-20 Improvements to electrical operating apparatus WO2009098329A1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200800320A ES2311428B1 (en) 2008-02-06 2008-02-06 PERFECTION IN ELECTRICAL DEVICES OF MANIOBRA.
ESP200800320 2008-02-06

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2402529B1 (en) * 2011-10-27 2014-10-15 Gave Electro, S.L. CAM SWITCH

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US594589A (en) * 1897-11-30 Stone-working machine
ES385393A3 (en) * 1970-11-10 1975-11-01 Reyna Yarto Rotating electrical switch apparatus. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
DE3327675A1 (en) * 1983-07-30 1985-02-07 Klöckner-Moeller Elektrizitäts GmbH, 5300 Bonn Switching chamber for cam switches
US5721449A (en) * 1996-02-20 1998-02-24 Advance Controls, Inc. Cam operated inverter bypass safety switch
FR2886047A1 (en) * 2005-05-18 2006-11-24 Tend Technology Co Ltd Stack-type switch, has switching modules each with axle comprising upper shaft with toothed section and lower shaft with toothed hole, where upper shaft of one module is received in toothed hole of other module

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GB594589A (en) * 1945-02-17 1947-11-14 Andrew Murdoch Craig Improvements in rotary electric switches

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US594589A (en) * 1897-11-30 Stone-working machine
ES385393A3 (en) * 1970-11-10 1975-11-01 Reyna Yarto Rotating electrical switch apparatus. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
DE3327675A1 (en) * 1983-07-30 1985-02-07 Klöckner-Moeller Elektrizitäts GmbH, 5300 Bonn Switching chamber for cam switches
US5721449A (en) * 1996-02-20 1998-02-24 Advance Controls, Inc. Cam operated inverter bypass safety switch
FR2886047A1 (en) * 2005-05-18 2006-11-24 Tend Technology Co Ltd Stack-type switch, has switching modules each with axle comprising upper shaft with toothed section and lower shaft with toothed hole, where upper shaft of one module is received in toothed hole of other module

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ES2311428A1 (en) 2009-02-01

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