WO2009095394A1 - Diazépanes, antagonistes du récepteur h3 de l'histamine - Google Patents

Diazépanes, antagonistes du récepteur h3 de l'histamine Download PDF

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WO2009095394A1
WO2009095394A1 PCT/EP2009/050920 EP2009050920W WO2009095394A1 WO 2009095394 A1 WO2009095394 A1 WO 2009095394A1 EP 2009050920 W EP2009050920 W EP 2009050920W WO 2009095394 A1 WO2009095394 A1 WO 2009095394A1
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benzyl
methyl
tetrazol
diazepane
cyclobutyl
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PCT/EP2009/050920
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English (en)
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Adam James Davenport
David James Hallett
Christopher Charles Stimson
Massimo Corsi
Mark Gemkow
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Evotec Neurosciences Gmbh
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
    • C07D403/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing three or more hetero rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P23/00—Anaesthetics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
    • C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D403/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D405/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing three or more hetero rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D413/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
    • C07D417/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing three or more hetero rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
    • C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D495/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D495/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D495/04—Ortho-condensed systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to Histamine H3 receptor antagonists, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, the preparation of such compounds as well as the production and use as medicament.
  • the histamine H3 receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and one out of four receptors of the histamine receptor family. Histamine receptors have long been attractive drug targets, mirrored in the development of antihistamines, which were directed at the histamine Hl receptor for the treatment of allergic reactions or at the histamine H2 receptor to ameliorate gastric ulcers by inhibiting gastric acid secretion.
  • the H3 receptor has been identified as a presynaptic autoreceptor, regulating the release of histamine (Arrang et al.
  • H3 receptor antagonists / inverse agonists have been developed and shown to comprise activity in a variety of cognition tests in mice and rat (e.g. Esbenshade et al. (2006) MoI Interventions: 6 (2); 77 - 88) as well as in models for sleeping disorders and energy balance.
  • Such antagonists comprise a potential treatment for a variety of disorders affecting cognition (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder, Schizophrenia, Foetal Alcohol Syndrome, Mild Cognitive Impairment, Age-related Memory Dysfunction, Down Syndrome and others), as well as sleep (e.g., hypersomnia and narcolepsy), and energy homeostasis (e.g. obesity)
  • cognition e.g., Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder, Schizophrenia, Foetal Alcohol Syndrome, Mild Cognitive Impairment, Age-related Memory Dysfunction, Down Syndrome and others
  • sleep e.g., hypersomnia and narcolepsy
  • energy homeostasis e.g. obesity
  • Histamine H3 receptor antagonists are described in the art for the treatment of the above mentioned diseases and disorders.
  • WO-A 2007/080140 cyclylhexyl piperazinyl methanone derivatives are disclosed, which are useful as H3 receptor modulators.
  • cyclo butyl derivatives are disclosed as Histamine-3 receptor antagonists.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a new class of compounds as Histamine H3 receptor antagonists which may be effective in the treatment of H3 receptor related diseases.
  • X 1 , X 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of N; and CH;
  • R 1 is T; Ci -4 alkyl; alkenyl; or C2-4 alkynyl, wherein C 1-4 alkyl; C2-4 alkenyl; and C 2 - 4 alkynyl are optionally substituted with one or more R 9 , which are the same or different;
  • R 9 is halogen; CN; C(O)OR 10 ; OR 10 ; C(O)R 10 ; C(O)N(R 10 R 10a ); S (O) 2 N(R 10 R 1 Oa ); S(O)N(R 10 R 10a ); S(O) 2 R 10 ; S(O)R 10 ; N(R 10 )S(O) 2 N(R 10a R 10b ); SR 10 ; N(R 10 R 10a ); NO 2 ; OC(O)R 10 ; N(R 10 )C(O)R 10a ; N(R 10 )SO 2 R 10a ; N(R 10 )S(O)R 10a ; N(R 10 )C(O)N(R 10a R 10b ); N(R 10 )C(O)OR 10a ; OC(O)N(R 10 R 1 Oa ); or T;
  • R 10 , R 1Oa , R 10b are independently selected from the group consisting of H; T; C 1-4 alkyl; C 2 - 4 alkenyl; and C 2 - 4 alkynyl, wherein Ci _ 4 alkyl; C 2 - 4 alkenyl; and C 2 - 4 alkynyl are optionally substituted with one or more R 11 , which are the same or different;
  • R 11 is halogen; CN; C(O)OR 12 ; OR 12 ; C(O)R 12 ; C(O)N(R 12 R 12a ); S(O) 2 N(R 12 R 12a ); S(O)N(R 12 R 12a ); S(O) 2 R 12 ; S(O)R 12 ; N(R 12 )S(O) 2 N(R 12a R 12b ); SR 12 ; N(R 12 R 12a ); NO 2 ; OC(O)R 12 ; N(R 12 )C(O)R 12a ; N(R 12 )SO 2 R 12a ; N(R 12 )S(O)R 12a ; N(R 12 )C(O)N(R 12a R 12b );
  • R 12 , R 12a , R 12b are independently selected from the group consisting of H; T; C 1-4 alkyl; C 2 _ 4 alkenyl; and C 2 _ 4 alkynyl, wherein Ci _ 4 alkyl; C 2 _ 4 alkenyl; and C 2 _ 4 alkynyl are optionally substituted with one or more halogen, which are the same or different;
  • T is phenyl; naphthyl; azulenyl; indenyl; indanyl; C 3 _ 7 cycloalkyl; 3 to 7 membered heterocyclyl; or 8 to 11 membered heterobicyclyl, wherein T is optionally substituted with one or more R 13 , which are the same or different;
  • R 14 , R 14a , R 14b are independently selected from the group consisting of H; T 1 ; C 1 ⁇ alkyl; C 2 _6 alkenyl; and C 2 _ ⁇ alkynyl, wherein C 1 ⁇ alkyl; C 2 _ ⁇ 5 alkenyl; and C 2 _ ⁇ alkynyl are optionally substituted with one or more R 16 , which are the same or different;
  • R 15 , R 16 are independently selected from the group consisting of halogen; CN; C(O)OR 17 ; OR 17 ; C(O)R 17 ; C(O)N(R 17 R 17a ); S(O) 2 N(R 17 R 17a ); S(O)N(R 17 R 17a ); S(O) 2 R 17 ; S(O)R 17 ; N(R 17 )S(O) 2 N(R 17a R 17b ); SR 17 ; N(R 17 R 17a ); NO 2 ; OC(O)R 17 ; N(R 17 )C(O)R 17a ; N(R 17 )SO 2 R 17a ; N(R 17 )S(O)R 17a ; N(R 17 )C(O)N(R 17a R 17b ); N(R 17 )C(O)OR 17a ; OC(O)N(R 17 R 17a ); and T 1 ;
  • R 17 , R 17a , R 17b are independently selected from the group consisting of H; T 1 ; C 1 ⁇ alkyl; C2-6 alkenyl; and C2-6 alkynyl, wherein C 1 ⁇ alkyl; C2-6 alkenyl; and C2-6 alkynyl are optionally substituted with one or more halogen, which are the same or different;
  • T 1 is phenyl; C ⁇ ,. ⁇ cycloalkyl; or 3 to 7 membered heterocyclyl, wherein T 1 is optionally substituted with one or more R 18 , which are the same or different;
  • R 19 , R 19a , R 19b are independently selected from the group consisting of H; Ci_6 alkyl;
  • R 2 , R 3 are independently selected from the group consisting of H; halogen; Ci_ 6 alkyl; and A, wherein Ci _6 alkyl is optionally substituted with one or more R 20 , which are the same or different, provided that at least one of R 2 , R 3 is A;
  • R 2 , R 3 are joined together with the carbon atom to which they are attached to form a ring T ;
  • A is T 2 ; Ci-6 alkyl; C 2 _6 alkenyl; or C 2 _6 alkynyl, wherein Ci_6 alkyl; C 2 _6 alkenyl; and C 2 -6 alkynyl are substituted with at least one R 20a ; R 20 is halogen; CN; C(O)OR 21 ; OR 21 ; C(O)R 21 ; C(O)N(R 21 R 21a ); S(O) 2 N(R 21 R 21a ); S(O)N(R 21 R 21a ); S(O) 2 R 21 ; S(O)R 21 ; N(R 21 )S(O) 2 N(R 21a R 21b ); SR 21 ; N(R 21 R 21a ); NO 2 ; OC(O)R 21 ; N(R 21 )C(O)R 21a ; N(R 21 )SO 2 R 21a ; N(R 21 )S(O)R 21a ; N
  • R 21 , R 21a , R 21b are independently selected from the group consisting of H; Ci_6 alkyl; C 2 _6 alkenyl; and C 2 _6 alkynyl, wherein Ci_6 alkyl; C 2 _6 alkenyl; and C 2 _6 alkynyl are optionally substituted with one or more halogen, which are the same or different;
  • R 20a is T 2 ; halogen; CN; C(O)OR 20b ; OR 20b ; C(O)R 20b ; C(O)N(R 20b R 20c );
  • R 20b , R 20c , R 20d are independently selected from the group consisting of H; T 2 ; C 1 ⁇ alkyl; C 2 _6 alkenyl; and C 2 _6 alkynyl, wherein Ci _6 alkyl; C 2 _6 alkenyl; and C 2 _6 alkynyl are optionally substituted with one or more halogen, which are the same or different;
  • T 2 is phenyl; naphthyl; azulenyl; indenyl; indanyl; C3-7 cycloalkyl; 3 to 7 membered heterocyclyl; or 8 to 1 1 membered heterobicyclyl, wherein T 2 is optionally substituted with one or more R 22 , which are the same or different;
  • T 3 is C3_7 cycloalkyl; or 3 to 7 membered heterocyclyl, wherein T 3 is optionally substituted with one or more R 23 , which are the same or different;
  • R 22 , R 23 are independently selected from the group consisting of halogen; CN;
  • N(R 24 )C(O)R 24a ; N(R 24 )S(O) 2 R 24a ; N(R 24 )S(O)R 24a ; N(R 24 )C(O)OR 24a ; N(R 24 )C(O)N(R 24a R 24b ); OC(O)N(R 24 R 24a ); oxo ( 0), where the ring is at least partially saturated; T 4 ; Ci_6 alkyl; C 2 _6 alkenyl; and C 2 _6 alkynyl; wherein C 1 ⁇ alkyl; C 2 .
  • R 24 , R 24a , R 24b are independently selected from the group consisting of H; T 4 ; Ci_6 alkyl; C 2 -6 alkenyl; and C 2 _6 alkynyl, wherein Ci _6 alkyl; C 2 -6 alkenyl; and C 2 -6 alkynyl are optionally substituted with one or more R 26 , which are the same or different;
  • R 25 , R 26 are independently selected from the group consisting of halogen; CN;
  • R 27 , R 27a , R 27b are independently selected from the group consisting of H; T 4 ; Ci_ 6 alkyl; C 2 _6 alkenyl; and C 2 -6 alkynyl, wherein Ci _ ⁇ alkyl; C 2 _6 alkenyl; and C 2 -6 alkynyl are optionally substituted with one or more R 28 , which are the same or different;
  • R 28 is halogen; CN; C(O)OR 29 ; OR 29 ; C(O)R 29 ; C(O)N(R 29 R 29a ); S(O) 2 N(R 29 R 29a );
  • R 29 , R 29a , R 29b are independently selected from the group consisting of H; Ci_6 alkyl;
  • Ci_6 alkyl; C 2 _6 alkenyl; and C 2 -6 alkynyl are optionally substituted with one or more halogen, which are the same or different;
  • T 4 is phenyl; C3_7 cycloalkyl; or 3 to 7 membered heterocyclyl, wherein T 4 is optionally substituted with one or more R 30 , which are the same or different;
  • R 31 , R 31a , R 31b are independently selected from the group consisting of H; T 5 ; Ci_6 alkyl; C 2 -6 alkenyl; and C 2 _6 alkynyl, wherein Ci _6 alkyl; C 2 -6 alkenyl; and C 2 -6 alkynyl are optionally substituted with one or more R 33 , which are the same or different;
  • R 32 , R 33 are independently selected from the group consisting of halogen; CN; C(O)OR 34 ; OR 34 ; C(O)R 34 ; C(O)N(R 34 R 34a ); S(O) 2 N(R 34 R 34a ); S(O)N(R 34 R 34a ); S(O) 2 R 34 ; S(O)R 34 ; N(R 34 )S(O) 2 N(R 34a R 34b ); SR 34 ; N(R 34 R 34a ); NO 2 ; OC(O)R 34 ; N(R 34 )C(O)R 34a ; N(R 34 )SO 2 R 34a ; N(R 34 )S(O)R 34a ; N(R 34 )C(O)N(R 34a R 34b ); N(R 34 )C(O)OR 34a ; OC(O)N(R 34 R 34a ); and T 5 ;
  • R 34 , R 34a , R 34b are independently selected from the group consisting of H; T 5 ; Ci_ 6 alkyl; C 2 _6 alkenyl; and C 2 -6 alkynyl, wherein Ci _ ⁇ alkyl; C 2 _6 alkenyl; and C 2 -6 alkynyl are optionally substituted with one or more R 35 , which are the same or different;
  • R 35 is halogen; CN; C(O)OR 36 ; OR 36 ; C(O)R 36 ; C(O)N(R 36 R 36a ); S(O) 2 N(R 36 R 36a );
  • R 36 , R 36a , R 36b are independently selected from the group consisting of H; Ci_ 6 alkyl;
  • Ci_6 alkyl; C 2 _6 alkenyl; and C 2 -6 alkynyl are optionally substituted with one or more halogen, which are the same or different;
  • T 5 is phenyl; C3_7 cycloalkyl; or 3 to 7 membered heterocyclyl, wherein T 5 is optionally substituted with one or more R 37 , which are the same or different;
  • R 4 is Ci_5 alkyl; C 2 - 5 alkenyl; C 2 - 5 alkynyl; C3-5 cycloalkyl; CHz-cyclopropyl; CHF- cyclopropyl; CF 2 -cyclopropyl; CH 2 -cyclobutyl; CHF-cyclobutyl; CF 2 -cyclobutyl; or 4 to 5 membered saturated heterocyclyl, wherein Ci .5 alkyl; C 2 -5 alkenyl; C 2 _5 alkynyl are optionally substituted with one or more substituents, which are the same or different and selected from the group consisting of halogen; OH; OCH 3 ; OCH 2 F; OCHF 2 ; OCF3; and CN, and wherein C3-5 cycloalkyl; CH 2 -cyclopropyl; CHF-cyclopropyl; CHF-cyclopropyl;
  • CF 2 -cyclopropyl; CH 2 -cyclobutyl; CHF-cyclobutyl; CF 2 -cyclobutyl; and 4 to 5 membered saturated heterocyclyl are optionally substituted with one or more substituents, which are the same or different and selected from the group consisting of halogen; OH; OCH 3 ; OCH 2 F; OCHF 2 ; OCF 3 ; CN; CH 3 ; CH 2 F; CHF 2 ; and CF 3 ;
  • R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 are independently selected from the group consisting of H; C1-5 alkyl; C 2 _ 5 alkenyl; and C 2 _ 5 alkynyl, wherein C 1 - 5 alkyl; C 2 _ 5 alkenyl; and C 2 _s alkynyl are optionally substituted with one or more substituents, which are the same or different and selected from the group consisting of halogen; OH; and CN;
  • R 4 /R 5 , R 4 /R 6 are joined together with the atoms to which they are attached to form 3 to 7 membered heterocyclyl, wherein 3 to 7 membered heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, which are the same or different and selected from the group consisting of halogen; OH; CN; CH 3 ; CH 2 F; CHF 2 ; and CF 3 ;
  • R 6 /R 7 , R 7 /R 8 are joined together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached to form C 3 _7 cycloalkyl, wherein C 3 _7 cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, which are the same or different and selected from the group consisting of halogen; OH; CN; CH 3 ; CH 2 F; CHF 2 ; and CF 3 ;
  • one or more of the pairs R 5 /R 6 , R 5 /R 7 , R 5 /R 8 , R 4 /R 7 , R 4 /R 8 , R 6 /R 8 are joined together with the seven membered ring to form 8 to 11 membered heterobicyclyl, wherein 8 to 11 membered heterobicyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents, which are the same or different and selected from the group consisting of halogen; OH; CN; CH 3 ; CH 2 F; CHF 2 ; and CF 3 .
  • variable or substituent can be selected from a group of different variants and such variable or substituent occurs more than once the respective variants can be the same or different.
  • Alkyl means a straight-chain or branched saturated hydrocarbon chain. Each hydrogen of an alkyl carbon may be replaced by a substituent as further specified.
  • Alkenyl means a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon chain that contains at least one carbon-carbon double bond. Each hydrogen of an alkenyl carbon may be replaced by a substituent as further specified.
  • Alkynyl means a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon chain, that contains at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. Each hydrogen of an alkynyl carbon may be replaced by a substituent as further specified.
  • Ci_ 4 alkyl means an alkyl chain having 1 - 4 carbon atoms, e.g. if present at the end of a molecule: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, or e.g. - CH 2 -, -CH 2 -CH 2 -, -CH(CH 3 )-, -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -, -CH(C 2 H 5 )-, -C(CH 3 ) 2 -, when two moieties of a molecule are linked by the alkyl group.
  • Each hydrogen of a Ci_ 4 alkyl carbon may be replaced by a substituent as further specified.
  • Ci_ 6 alkyl means an alkyl chain having 1 - 6 carbon atoms, e.g. if present at the end of a molecule: C 1-4 alkyl, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, or e.g.
  • Ci_ 6 alkyl when two moieties of a molecule are linked by the alkyl group.
  • Each hydrogen of a Ci_ 6 alkyl carbon may be replaced by a substituent as further specified.
  • the term "Ci_ 5 alkyl" is defined accordingly.
  • Each hydrogen of a C 2 _ 6 alkenyl carbon may be replaced by a substituent as further specified.
  • the terms "C 2 _4 alkenyl” and "C 2 _ 5 alkenyl” are defined accordingly.
  • C2-6 alkynyl means an alkynyl chain having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, e.g. if present at the end of a molecule: -C ⁇ CH, -CH 2 -C ⁇ CH, CH 2 -CH 2 -C ⁇ CH, CH 2 -OC-CH 3 , or e.g. -C ⁇ C- when two moieties of a molecule are linked by the alkynyl group.
  • Each hydrogen of a C 2 _6 alkynyl carbon may be replaced by a substituent as further specified.
  • the terms "C 2 _ 4 alkynyl" and "C2-5 alkynyl” are defined accordingly.
  • C 3 _ 7 cycloalkyl or "C 3 - 7 cycloalkyl ring” means a cyclic alkyl chain having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, e.g. cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl. Each hydrogen of a cycloalkyl carbon may be replaced by a substituent as further specified.
  • Halogen means fluoro, chloro, bromo or iodo. It is generally preferred that halogen is fluoro or chloro.
  • Examples for 3 to 7 membered heterocycles are azeridine, azetidine, oxetane, thietane, furan, thiophene, pyrrole, pyrroline, imidazole, imidazoline, pyrazole, pyrazoline, oxazole, oxazoline, isoxazole, isoxazoline, thiazole, thiazoline, isothiazole, isothiazoline, thiadiazole, thiadiazoline, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrothiophene, pyrrolidine, imidazolidine, pyrazolidine, oxazolidine, isoxazolidine, thiazolidine, isothiazolidine, thiadiazolidine, sulfolane, pyran, dihydropyran, tetrahydropyran, imidazolidine, pyridine, pyridazine, pyrazine
  • Examples for 8 to 11 membered heterobicycles are imidazo[2,l-b][l,3]oxazole, imidazo[2,l-b][l,3]thiazole, indole, indoline, benzofuran, benzothiophene, benzoxazole, benzisoxazole, benzothiazole, benzisothiazole, benzimidazole, benzimidazoline, quinoline, quinazoline, dihydroquinazoline, quinoline, dihydroquinoline, tetrahydroquinoline, decahydroquinoline, isoquinoline, decahydroisoquinoline, tetrahydro isoquinoline, dihydro isoquinoline, benzazepine, purine or pteridine.
  • 8 to 11 membered heterobicycle also includes spiro structures of two rings like l,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decane or bridged heterocycles like 8-aza-bicyclo[3.2.1]octane.
  • heterocycles examples include furan, thiophene, pyrrole, imidazole, pyrazole, oxazole, isoxazole, thiazole, isothiazole, thiadiazole, pyranium, pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, triazole, tetrazole.
  • Preferred compounds of formula (I) are those compounds in which one or more of the residues contained therein have the meanings given below, with all combinations of preferred substituent definitions being a subject of the present invention.
  • the present invention also includes all tautomeric and stereoisomeric forms and mixtures thereof in all ratios, and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts as well as their isotopic derivatives.
  • the substituents R 1 to R 8 and X 1 , X 2 of formula (I) independently have the following meaning.
  • one or more of the substituents R 1 to R 8 and X 1 , X 2 can have the preferred or more preferred meanings given below.
  • At least one of X 1 , X 2 is N, i.e. X 1 is N and X 2 is CH; X 1 is CH and X 2 is N, or X 1 and X 2 are N. Furthermore, it is preferred that X 1 is CH. Furthermore, it is preferred that X 2 is N. In a more preferred embodiment X 1 is CH and X 2 is N.
  • R 1 is C 1-4 alkyl substituted with one or more R 9 , which are the same or different. In a more preferred embodiment R 1 is C 1-4 alkyl substituted with one R 9 . Even more preferred, R 1 is CH 2 -R 9 ; or CH 2 CH 2 R 9 , even more preferred is CH 2 -R 9 .
  • R 9 i • s T is phenyl; naphthyl; or 5 to 6 membered aromatic heterocyclyl. Even more preferred is phenyl or a 6 membered heterocycle, even more preferred is phenyl.
  • T is unsubstituted or substituted with one or two R 13 , which are the same or different. More preferred, T is unsubstituted or substituted with one R 13 .
  • R 13 is halogen; C 1 ⁇ alkyl (C 1-4 alkyl more preferred); OH; or O-Ci_6 alkyl (O-C1-4 alkyl is more preferred), wherein Ci_6 alkyl (C 1-4 alkyl) is optionally substituted with one or more halogen, which are the same or different. More preferred is R 13 F; Cl; OCH3; or OCF3.
  • one of R 2 , R 3 is A. More preferred, one of R 2 , R 3 is A and the other is H.
  • A is T .
  • T 2 is phenyl; 3 to 7 membered heterocyclyl; or 8 to 11 membered heterobicyclyl. More preferred, T 2 is phenyl; or 3 to 7 membered heterocyclyl. Even more preferably, T 2 is phenyl; or pyridyl, even more preferred phenyl; or 3-pyridyl.
  • T 2 is unsubstituted or substituted with one or two R 22 , which are the same or different.
  • T 3 is cyclopentyl; cyclohexyl; tetrahydropyranyl; piperidinyl; pyrrolidinyl; or azetidinyl.
  • T 3 is unsubstituted or substituted with one or two R 23 , which are the same or different.
  • R 24 , R 24a are independently selected from the group consisting of H; T 4 ; Ci_6 alkyl, wherein Ci_6 alkyl is optionally substituted with one or more halogen, which are the same or different.
  • R 25 is halogen; T 4 ; or C(O)N(R 27 R 27a ).
  • T 4 is phenyl; or 5- to 6 membered heterocyclyl.
  • T 4 is unsubstituted or substituted with one or two R 30 , which are the same or different and selected from the group consisting of halogen; OH; O-Ci-6 alkyl; Ci_6 alkyl, wherein Ci_6 alkyl is optionally substituted with one or more halogen, which are the same or different.
  • R 4 is cyclopropyl; cyclobutyl; cyclopentyl; isopropyl; methyl; or ethyl. More preferred is cyclobutyl.
  • R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 are H.
  • Preferred specific compounds of the present invention are selected from the group consisting of
  • 1,4-diazepane 1 - ⁇ (1 -benzyl- 1 H-tetrazol-5-yl)[4-( 1 H- 1 ,2,4-triazol- 1 -yl)phenyl]methyl ⁇ -4-cyclobutyl- 1 ,A- diazepane;
  • 1,4-diazepane methyl [4-( 1 -benzyl- 1 H-tetrazol-5-yl)-4-(4-cyc Io butyl- 1 ,4-diazepan- 1 -yl)piperidin- 1 - yl] acetate; l-[4-(l-benzyl-lH-tetrazol-5-yl)-l-(lH-imidazol-4-ylacetyl)piperidin-4-yl]-4-cyclobutyl-l,4- diazepane;
  • 1,4-diazepane l- ⁇ 4-(l-benzyl-lH-tetrazol-5-yl)-l-[(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)carbonyl]piperidin-4-yl ⁇ -4- cyclobutyl- 1 ,4-diazepane; 1 -[4-( 1 -benzyl- 1 H-tetrazol-5 -yl)- 1 -pyrimidm-2-ylpiperidm-4-yl] -4-cyclo butyl- 1 ,4-diazepane; l-[(l-benzyl-lH-tetrazol-5-yl)(4-ethoxyphenyl)methyl]-4-cyclo butyl- 1 ,4-diazepane; l-[4-(l-benzyl-l ⁇ -tetrazol-5-yl)-l-(l,2,3-thiadiazol-4-ylcarbonyl)pipe
  • 1,4-diazepane l-[(l-benzyl-lH-tetrazol-5-yl)(3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-4-cyclo butyl- 1 ,4-diazepane; l-[(l-benzyl-lH-tetrazol-5-yl)(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-4-cyclo butyl- 1 ,4-diazepane;
  • Prodrugs of the compounds of the invention are also within the scope of the present invention.
  • Prodrug means a derivative that is converted into a compound according to the present invention by a reaction with an enzyme, gastric acid or the like under a physiological condition in the living body, e.g. by oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis or the like, each of which is carried out enzymatically.
  • Examples of a prodrug are compounds, wherein the amino group in a compound of the present invention is acylated, alkylated or phosphorylated to form, e.g., eicosanoylamino, alanylamino, pivaloyloxymethylamino or wherein the hydroxyl group is acylated, alkylated, phosphorylated or converted into the borate, e.g.
  • Metabolites of compounds of formula (I) are also within the scope of the present invention.
  • tautomerism like e.g. keto-enol tautomerism
  • the individual forms like e.g. the keto and enol form, are comprised separately and together as mixtures in any ratio.
  • stereoisomers like e.g. enantiomers, cis/trans isomers, conformers and the like.
  • each pure form separately and any mixture of at least two of the pure forms in any ratio is comprised by formula (I) and is a subject of the present invention.
  • Isotopic labeled compounds of formula (I) are also within the scope of the present invention. Methods for isotope labeling are known in the art. Preferred isotopes are those of the elements H, C, N, O and S.
  • isomers can be separated by methods well known in the art, e.g. by liquid chromatography. Same applies for enantiomers by using e.g. chiral stationary phases. Additionally, enantiomers may be isolated by converting them into diastereomers, i.e. coupling with an enantiomerically pure auxiliary compound, subsequent separation of the resulting diastereomers and cleavage of the auxiliary residue. Alternatively, any enantiomer of a compound of formula (I) may be obtained from stereoselective synthesis using optically pure starting materials, reagents and/or catalysts.
  • the invention also comprises their corresponding pharmaceutically or toxicologically acceptable salts, in particular their pharmaceutically utilizable salts.
  • the compounds of the formula (I) which contain acidic groups can be used according to the invention, for example, as alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts or as ammonium salts. More precise examples of such salts include sodium salts, potassium salts, calcium salts, magnesium salts or salts with ammonia or organic amines such as, for example, ethylamine, ethanolamine, triethanolamine or amino acids.
  • Compounds of the formula (I) which contain one or more basic groups i.e.
  • acids which can be protonated, can be present and can be used according to the invention in the form of their addition salts with inorganic or organic acids.
  • suitable acids include hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, methanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, naphthalenedisulfonic acids, oxalic acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, salicylic acid, benzoic acid, formic acid, propionic acid, pivalic acid, diethylacetic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, pimelic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, malic acid, sulfaminic acid, phenylpropionic acid, gluconic acid, ascorbic acid, isonicotinic acid, citric acid, adipic acid, and other acids known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the invention also includes, in addition to the salt forms mentioned, inner salts or betaines (zwitterions).
  • the respective salts according to the formula (I) can be obtained by customary methods which are known to the person skilled in the art like, for example by contacting these with an organic or inorganic acid or base in a solvent or dispersant, or by anion exchange or cation exchange with other salts.
  • the present invention also includes all salts of the compounds of the formula (I) which, owing to low physiological compatibility, are not directly suitable for use in pharmaceuticals but which can be used, for example, as intermediates for chemical reactions or for the preparation of pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • the present invention provides compounds of general formula (I) as Histamine H3 receptor antagonists.
  • the histamine H3 receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and one out of four receptors of the histamine receptor family. Histamine receptors have long been attractive drug targets, mirrored in the development of antihistamines, which were directed at the histamine Hl receptor for the treatment of allergic reactions or at the histamine H2 receptor to ameliorate gastric ulcers by inhibiting gastric acid secretion.
  • the H3 receptor has been identified as a presynaptic autoreceptor, regulating the release of histamine (Arrang et al.
  • H3 receptor antagonists / inverse agonists have been developed and shown to comprise activity in a variety of cognition tests in mice and rat (e.g. Esbenshade et al. (2006) MoI Interventions: 6 (2); 77 - 88) as well as in models for sleeping disorders and energy balance.
  • Such antagonists comprise a potential treatment for a variety of disorders affecting cognition (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder, Schizophrenia, Foetal Alcohol Syndrome, Mild Cognitive Impairment, Age-related Memory Dysfunction, Down Syndrome and others), as well as sleep (e.g., hypersomnia and narcolepsy), and energy homeostasis (e.g. obesity) (Witkin & Nelson (2004) JPET:103; 1 - 20; Hancock & Brune (2005) Exp Opin Inves Drugs: 14 (3), 223 - 241).
  • disorders affecting cognition e.g., Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder, Schizophrenia, Foetal Alcohol Syndrome, Mild Cognitive Impairment, Age-related Memory Dysfunction, Down Syndrome and others
  • sleep e.g., hypersomnia and narcolepsy
  • energy homeostasis e.g. obesity
  • the pharmacology of the H3 receptor seems not only to be determined by its localization but appears also to be regulated by differential splicing. Today more than 20 splice variants
  • H3 receptor is localized primarily to the central nervous system (CNS), with highest expression, in rodents, in the cerebral cortex, hippocampal formations, striatum, and hypothalamus (Drutel et al. (2001) MoI Pharmacol: 59; 1 - 8). Similarly in human, H3 receptor expression is prominent in the basal ganglia, globus pallidus, hippocampus, and cortex (Martinez-Mir et al. (1990) Brain
  • H3 receptor has been shown also to localize to regions which might be involved in pain sensation or transmission and therefore might offer treatment opportunities for different pain states
  • the H3 receptor is constitutively active and capable of signaling independently of agonist both in vitro and in vivo (Morisset et al. (2000) Nature: 408, 860 - 864).
  • H3 receptor antagonists like the series in this application could be useful in the treatment of cognitive dysfunctions as well as sleeping and energy homeostasis disorders.
  • antagonist also includes inverse agonists. Based on the information above and further literature, like WO-A 2007/080140 and WO-A 2006/136924 the following diseases and disorders are preferably affected.
  • Neurological disorders include behavioral/cognitive syndromes (e.g. Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and others).
  • disorders affecting energy homeostasis as well as complications associated therewith e.g. obesity, eating disorders associated with excessive food intake, bulima, binge eating, complications associated therewith e.g. diabetes mellitus.
  • Pain e.g. neuropathic pain, inflammatory pain, nociception.
  • Cardiovascular disorders e.g. acute myocardial infarction, and
  • gastrointestinal disorders e.g. heartburn
  • vestibular dysfunction e.g. Morbus Meniere, motion sickness, drug abuse
  • nasal congestion e.g. allergic rhinitis (hay fever), asthma.
  • one aspect of the present invention is a compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of the present invention for use as a medicament.
  • Yet another aspect of the present invention is a compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of the present invention for use in a method of treating or preventing diseases and disorders associated with the H3 receptor.
  • Yet another aspect of the present invention is a compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of the present invention for use in a method of treating or preventing neurological disorders, e.g. behavioral/cognitive syndromes (e.g. Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder, schizophrenia, Foetal Alcohol Syndrome, Mild Cognitive Impairment, Age-related Memory Dysfunction, Down Syndrome, epilepsy, convulsion, depression, anxiety disorders), seizure disorders, neurodegenerative disorders (e.g. Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Multiple Sclerosis), sleep disorders (e.g.
  • behavioral/cognitive syndromes e.g. Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder, schizophrenia, Foetal Alcohol Syndrome, Mild Cognitive Impairment, Age-related Memory Dysfunction, Down Syndrome, epilepsy, convulsion, depression, anxiety disorders
  • seizure disorders e.g. Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Multiple Sclerosis
  • sleep disorders e.g.
  • hypersomnia and narcolepsy excessive daytime sleepiness, diurnal and seasonal variations in sleep patterns), Migraine, Stroke, tremor; disorders affecting energy homeostasis as well as complications associated therewith, e.g. obesity, eating disorders associated with excessive food intake, bulima, binge eating, complications associated therewith e.g. diabetes mellitus; Pain, e.g. neuropathic pain, inflammatory pain, nociception; cardiovascular disorders, e.g. acute myocardial infarction; gastrointestinal disorders (e.g. heartburn); vestibular dysfunction (e.g. Morbus Meniere, motion sickness, drug abuse); nasal congestion; allergic rhinitis (hay fever); or asthma.
  • disorders affecting energy homeostasis as well as complications associated therewith, e.g. obesity, eating disorders associated with excessive food intake, bulima, binge eating, complications associated therewith e.g. diabetes mellitus
  • Pain e.g. neuropathic pain,
  • neurological disorders and pain are preferred.
  • neurological disorders the following is preferred: neurodegenerative disorders, sleep disorders, behavioral/cognitive syndromes.
  • behavioral/cognitive syndromes the following is preferred: hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, Mild Cognitive Impairment.
  • Yet another aspect of the present invention is the use of a compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of the present invention for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prophylaxis of diseases and disorders associated with the H3 receptor.
  • Yet another aspect of the present invention is the use of a compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of the present invention for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prophylaxis of neurological disorders, e.g. behavioral/cognitive syndromes (e.g. Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder, schizophrenia, Foetal Alcohol Syndrome, Mild Cognitive Impairment, Age-related Memory Dysfunction, Down Syndrome, epilepsy, convulsion, depression, anxiety disorders), seizure disorders, neurodegenerative disorders (e.g. Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Multiple Sclerosis), sleep disorders (e.g.
  • behavioral/cognitive syndromes e.g. Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder, schizophrenia, Foetal Alcohol Syndrome, Mild Cognitive Impairment, Age-related Memory Dysfunction, Down Syndrome, epilepsy, convulsion, depression, anxiety disorders
  • seizure disorders e.g. Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Multiple Sclerosis
  • hypersomnia and narcolepsy excessive daytime sleepiness, diurnal and seasonal variations in sleep patterns), Migraine, Stroke, tremor; disorders affecting energy homeostasis as well as complications associated therewith, e.g. obesity, eating disorders associated with excessive food intake, bulima, binge eating, complications associated therewith e.g. diabetes mellitus; Pain, e.g. neuropathic pain, inflammatory pain, nociception; cardiovascular disorders, e.g. acute myocardial infarction; gastrointestinal disorders (e.g. heartburn); vestibular dysfunction (e.g. Morbus Meniere, motion sickness, drug abuse); nasal congestion; allergic rhinitis (hay fever); or asthma.
  • disorders affecting energy homeostasis as well as complications associated therewith, e.g. obesity, eating disorders associated with excessive food intake, bulima, binge eating, complications associated therewith e.g. diabetes mellitus
  • Pain e.g. neuropathic pain,
  • neurological disorders and pain are preferred.
  • neurological disorders the following is preferred: neurodegenerative disorders, sleep disorders, behavioral/cognitive syndromes.
  • behavioral/cognitive syndromes the following is preferred: hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, Mild Cognitive Impairment.
  • Yet another aspect of the present invention is a method for treating, controlling, delaying or preventing in a mammalian patient in need of the treatment of one or more conditions selected from the group consisting of diseases and disorders associated with the H3 receptor, wherein the method comprises the administration to said patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • Yet another aspect of the present invention is a method for treating, controlling, delaying or preventing in a mammalian patient in need of the treatment of one or more conditions selected from the group consisting of neurological disorders, e.g. behavioral/cognitive syndromes (e.g. Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder, schizophrenia, Foetal Alcohol Syndrome, Mild Cognitive Impairment, Age-related Memory Dysfunction, Down Syndrome, epilepsy, convulsion, depression, anxiety disorders), seizure disorders, neurodegenerative disorders (e.g. Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Multiple Sclerosis), sleep disorders (e.g.
  • neurological disorders e.g. behavioral/cognitive syndromes (e.g. Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder, schizophrenia, Foetal Alcohol Syndrome, Mild Cognitive Impairment, Age-related Memory Dysfunction, Down Syndrome, epilepsy, convulsion, depression, anxiety disorders), seizure disorders, neurodegenerative disorders (e.g. Alzheimer'
  • hypersomnia and narcolepsy excessive daytime sleepiness, diurnal and seasonal variations in sleep patterns), Migraine, Stroke, tremor; disorders affecting energy homeostasis as well as complications associated therewith, e.g. obesity, eating disorders associated with excessive food intake, bulima, binge eating, complications associated therewith e.g. diabetes mellitus; Pain, e.g. neuropathic pain, inflammatory pain, nociception; cardiovascular disorders, e.g. acute myocardial infarction; gastrointestinal disorders (e.g. heartburn); vestibular dysfunction (e.g.
  • neurological disorders and pain are preferred.
  • behavioral/cognitive syndromes the following is preferred: hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, Mild Cognitive Impairment.
  • Yet another aspect of the present invention is a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of the present invention together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, optionally in combination with one or more other bioactive compounds or pharmaceutical compositions.
  • the one or more bioactive compounds are lipase inhibitors, anorectic agents, selective serotonin uptake inhibitors, neurotransmitter reuptake blocker, dopamine replacement agents, agents that stimulate metabolism of body fat, anti-diabetic agents, lipid lowering agents, anti-stroke agents or histamine Hl receptor antagonists.
  • a combination of one or more histamine H3 receptor antagonists of the present invention and histamine Hl receptor antagonists is preferred, especially for the treatment of allergic rhinitis, allergic congestion or nasal congestion.
  • “Pharmaceutical composition” means one or more active ingredients, and one or more inert ingredients that make up the carrier, as well as any product which results, directly or indirectly, from combination, complexation or aggregation of any two or more of the ingredients, or from dissociation of one or more of the ingredients, or from other types of reactions or interactions of one or more of the ingredients. Accordingly, the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention encompass any composition made by admixing a compound of the present invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • a pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may comprise one or more additional compounds as active ingredients like one or more compounds of formula (I) not being the first compound in the composition or other Histamine H3 receptor antagonists.
  • the active ingredients may be comprised in one or more different pharmaceutical compositions (combination of pharmaceutical compositions).
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salts refers to salts prepared from pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic bases or acids, including inorganic bases or acids and organic bases or acids.
  • the compounds of formula (I) can be combined as the active ingredient in intimate admixture with a pharmaceutical carrier according to conventional pharmaceutical compounding techniques.
  • the carrier may take a wide variety of forms depending on the form of preparation desired for administration, e.g., oral or parenteral (including intravenous).
  • any of the usual pharmaceutical media may be employed, such as water, glycols, oils, alcohols, flavoring agents, preservatives, coloring agents and the like in the case of oral liquid preparations, such as, for example, suspensions, elixirs and solutions; or carriers such as starches, sugars, microcrystalline cellulose, diluents, granulating agents, lubricants, binders, disintegrating agents and the like in the case of oral solid preparations such as powders, hard and soft capsules and tablets, with the solid oral preparations being preferred over the liquid preparations.
  • oral liquid preparations such as, for example, suspensions, elixirs and solutions
  • carriers such as starches, sugars, microcrystalline cellulose, diluents, granulating agents, lubricants, binders, disintegrating agents and the like in the case of oral solid preparations such as powders, hard and soft capsules and tablets, with the solid oral preparations being preferred over the liquid preparations.
  • tablets and capsules represent the most advantageous oral dosage unit form in which case solid pharmaceutical carriers are obviously employed. If desired, tablets may be coated by standard aqueous or nonaqueous techniques. Such compositions and preparations should contain at least 0.1 percent of active compound. The percentage of active compound in these compositions may, of course, be varied and may conveniently be between about 2 percent to about 60 percent of the weight of the unit. The amount of active compound in such therapeutically useful compositions is such that an effective dosage will be obtained.
  • the active compounds can also be administered intranasally, for example, as liquid drops or spray.
  • the tablets, pills, capsules, and the like may also contain a binder such as gum tragacanth, acacia, corn starch or gelatin; excipients such as dicalcium phosphate; a disintegrating agent such as corn starch, potato starch, alginic acid; a lubricant such as magnesium stearate; and a sweetening agent such as sucrose, lactose or saccharin.
  • a dosage unit form is a capsule, it may contain, in addition to materials of the above type, a liquid carrier such as a fatty oil.
  • tablets may be coated with shellac, sugar or both.
  • a syrup or elixir may contain, in addition to the active ingredient, sucrose as a sweetening agent, methyl and propylparabens as preservatives, a dye and a flavoring such as cherry or orange flavor.
  • Compounds of formula (I) may also be administered parenterally. Solutions or suspensions of these active compounds can be prepared in water suitably mixed with a surfactant such as hydroxypropyl-cellulose. Dispersions can also be prepared in glycerol, liquid polyethylene glycols and mixtures thereof in oils. Under ordinary conditions of storage and use, these preparations contain a preservative to prevent the growth of microorganisms.
  • the pharmaceutical forms suitable for injectable use include sterile aqueous solutions or dispersions and sterile powders for the extemporaneous preparation of sterile injectable solutions or dispersions.
  • the form should be sterile and should be fluid to the extent that easy syringability exists. It should be stable under the conditions of manufacture and storage and should be preserved against the contaminating action of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi.
  • the carrier can be a solvent or dispersion medium containing, for example, water, ethanol, polyol (e.g., glycerol, propylene glycol and liquid polyethylene glycol), suitable mixtures thereof, and vegetable oils.
  • Any suitable route of administration may be employed for providing a mammal, especially a human, with an effective dose of a compound of the present invention.
  • oral, rectal, topical, parenteral, ocular, pulmonary, nasal, and the like may be employed.
  • Dosage forms include tablets, troches, dispersions, suspensions, solutions, capsules, creams, ointments, aerosols, and the like.
  • compounds of formula (I) are administered orally.
  • the effective dosage of active ingredient employed may vary depending on the particular compound employed, the mode of administration, the condition being treated and the severity of the condition being treated. Such dosage may be ascertained readily by a person skilled in the art.
  • another aspect of the present invention is a method for the preparation of a compound of the present invention, wherein one of X 1 , X 2 is CH and the other is N, or alternatively both X 1 , X 2 are CH, comprising the steps of
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 have the meaning as indicated above;
  • the amino group may be reacted with an alkyl halide of formula R 4 -halide.
  • another aspect of the present invention is a method for the preparation of a compound of the present invention, wherein X 1 is N and X 2 is N, comprising the step of
  • compounds of formula (I), wherein X 1 is CH and X 2 is N and wherein the variables have the above described meanings (unless otherwise specifically indicated) may be prepared starting from compounds of formula (II) by reacting a compound of formula (II), which can be made following the procedure outlined in US-B 6,875,858
  • R 4 ' can be R 4 as defined above or a suitable N-atom protecting group such as Boc to yield a compound of formula (I) when R 4 is defined as above.
  • a compound of formula R 4 O, like cyclobutanone, in the presence of an acid such as acetic acid and a reducing agent such as STAB.
  • an acid such as acetic acid
  • a reducing agent such as STAB.
  • the amino group may be reacted with an alkyl halide of formula R 4 -halide followed by cleavage of the Boc protecting group in strong acid (HCl or TFA).
  • compounds of formula (I), wherein X 1 is CH and X 2 is N can be prepared in a one-pot method starting from a compound of formula (III) above, wherein the method comprises the steps of
  • the method for the preparation of a compound according to the present invention comprises the step of
  • a compound of formula (I), wherein X 1 is N and X 2 is N can be prepared starting from compounds of formula R'-N ⁇ C using a one-pot multi component Ugi-reaction [Ugi, I; Angew. Chem.; 1959, 71, 386] and a compound of formula (VI) above, wherein the method comprises the steps of
  • compounds of formula (I), wherein X 1 is N and X 2 is CH may be prepared starting from a compound of formula R 1 - ⁇ . Accordingly, the method for the preparation of a compound according to the present invention, comprises the steps of
  • R 4 O in the presence of an acid such as acetic acid and a reducing agent such as STAB.
  • an acid such as acetic acid
  • a reducing agent such as STAB.
  • the amino group may be reacted with an alkyl halide of formula R 4 -halide to yield compound of formula (I).
  • compounds of formula (I), wherein X 1 is CH and X 2 is CH may be prepared starting from methyl 4-imidazolecarboxylate. Accordingly, the method for the preparation of a compound according to the present invention, comprises the steps of
  • CHO-Kl cell line expressing human H3 receptors were purchased from Euroscreen (Gosselies, Belgium, Cat. no.: ES-392-C)
  • Human H3 receptor-expressing cell-lines were grown in Ham's F12 [Sigma, Cat. no. N6658], supplemented with 10% FBS [Sigma, Cat. no. F9665], 400 ⁇ g/ml G418 [Sigma, Cat. no. Nl 876] and 250 ⁇ g/ml Zeocin [Invitrogen, Cat. no. 46-0509]) according to the protocol provided by Euroscreen.
  • the assay measures the ability of test compounds to inhibit Histamine receptor agonist- induced decrease of intracellular free cAMP (receptor is G 1 coupled).
  • cAMP quantification assay system from DiscoveRx (cAMP XS+; Cat. no. 90- 0075) was used.
  • cAMP assay confluent cells were detached from the culture vessels with Ix trypsin- EDTA solution (Sigma), and seeded into 384-well Costar plates (white, clear bottom, Cat. no. 3707) at a density of 10,000 cells per well. Cells were seeded in a volume of 50 ⁇ l in medium without antibiotics and incubated overnight in a humidified atmosphere with 5% CO 2 at 37°C. The cAMP assay was performed according to the protocol provided by DiscoveRx.
  • the cell culture medium was removed and the cells washed once with PBS (50 ⁇ l per well).
  • the plates were emptied by inversion and 7.5 ⁇ l/well of compound in PBS (containing ImM IBMX and 0.03% BSA) were added and incubated for 30min at 37°C.
  • hH3 100 nM histamine, 10 ⁇ M forskolin in PBS (containing ImM IBMX and 0.03% BSA)
  • Test compounds were assayed at 8 concentrations in triplicate. Serial 10-fold dilutions in 100% DMSO were made at a 100-times higher concentration than the final concentration, and then diluted with a 2 step protocol in assay buffer to reach the required assay concentrations and 1% DMSO.
  • A ⁇ 100 nM
  • B > 100 nM to 500 nM
  • C > 500 nM to 1000 nM
  • D >1000 nM to 2000 nM.
  • Example compounds and their intermediates were analysed by HPLC-MS using a combination of the following instrumentation: Shimadzu, Waters or Micromass ZMD, ZQ or LCT mass spectrometers with an Agilent, Waters or Polymer Labs UV and ELS detector.
  • the HPLC conditions are tabulated below.
  • Micromass MassLynxTM Operating Software with OpenLynxTM Browser were used for data acquisition, processing and reporting.
  • AU compounds are named using ACD Labs 10.0 naming software which conforms to IUPAC naming protocols. Some compounds are isolated as TFA salts, which is not reflected by the chemical name. Within the meaning of the present invention the chemical name represents the compound in neutral form as well as its TFA salt or any other salt, especially pharmaceutically acceptable salt, if applicable.
  • reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and the resulting residue diluted with dichloromethane (50 ml) and washed with saturated aqueous NaHCCb (20 ml), dried (MgS ⁇ 4 ), filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Diethyl ether (15 ml) was added to the residue and the resulting fine precipitate collected by filtration and dried in vacuo to provide the title compound as white solid (705 mg, 68% yield).
  • reaction was stirred for a further 10 minutes then warmed to room temperature and /? ⁇ ra-toluenesulfonyl chloride (119 mg, 0.62 mmol) added in T ⁇ F (2ml).
  • the reaction was stirred at room temperature for a further 10 minutes, after which 1 -eye Io butyl- 1 ,4-diazepane (131 mg, 0.93 mmol) in T ⁇ F (2ml) was added and the reaction mixture stirred for 6Oh.
  • the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and purified by preparative ⁇ PLC to provide the title compound as pale oil (5.5 mg, 2% yield, TFA salt).
  • Example 65 Preparation of: l-[(l-benzyl-lH-[l,2,3,4]tetrazol-5-yl)-[4-(5-methyl- [ 1 ,2,4] oxadiazol)phenyl] methyl-4-cyclobutyl- [ 1 ,4] diazepane. Potency range A

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Abstract

L'invention porte sur des composés de formule (I) dans laquelle: R1 à R8 et X1, X2 ont la signification qui leur est donnée dans la description et dans les revendications. Lesdits composés s'avèrent utiles en tant qu'antagonistes du récepteur H3 de l'histamine. L'invention porte également sur des préparations pharmaceutiques contenant lesdits composés, sur leur préparation et leur production, et sur leur utilisation en tant que médicaments.
PCT/EP2009/050920 2008-02-01 2009-01-28 Diazépanes, antagonistes du récepteur h3 de l'histamine WO2009095394A1 (fr)

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WO2010133544A1 (fr) * 2009-05-22 2010-11-25 Evotec Ag Composés de pipérazine et d'aminopyrrolidine en tant qu'antagonistes de récepteur d'histamine h3
WO2013076590A1 (fr) 2011-11-23 2013-05-30 Oxygen Healthcare Research Pvt. Ltd Composés benzothiazines en tant que ligands de récepteur h3
WO2013151982A1 (fr) 2012-04-03 2013-10-10 Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Méthodes et composés utiles pour traiter le prurit, et procédés d'identification desdits composés
US8912176B2 (en) 2009-02-02 2014-12-16 Evotec Ag Azetidines as histamine H3 receptor antagonists
US10112912B2 (en) * 2016-03-02 2018-10-30 Lawrence Livermore National Security, Llc Homopiperazine-based catalysts for neutralization of organophosphorus-based compounds
US10189864B2 (en) 2016-02-19 2019-01-29 Lawrence Livermore National Security, Llc Metal complexes based on a bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amine-based scaffold and methods of making the same
CN110372616A (zh) * 2019-07-09 2019-10-25 上海应用技术大学 一种n1位取代的1,2,3-三唑类衍生物的合成方法
CN113527220A (zh) * 2021-07-26 2021-10-22 京博农化科技有限公司 一种脱硫丙硫菌唑异构体的合成方法

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US10189864B2 (en) 2016-02-19 2019-01-29 Lawrence Livermore National Security, Llc Metal complexes based on a bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amine-based scaffold and methods of making the same
US10112912B2 (en) * 2016-03-02 2018-10-30 Lawrence Livermore National Security, Llc Homopiperazine-based catalysts for neutralization of organophosphorus-based compounds
CN110372616A (zh) * 2019-07-09 2019-10-25 上海应用技术大学 一种n1位取代的1,2,3-三唑类衍生物的合成方法
CN113527220A (zh) * 2021-07-26 2021-10-22 京博农化科技有限公司 一种脱硫丙硫菌唑异构体的合成方法

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