WO2009086885A1 - Système de refroidissement - Google Patents
Système de refroidissement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009086885A1 WO2009086885A1 PCT/EP2008/010673 EP2008010673W WO2009086885A1 WO 2009086885 A1 WO2009086885 A1 WO 2009086885A1 EP 2008010673 W EP2008010673 W EP 2008010673W WO 2009086885 A1 WO2009086885 A1 WO 2009086885A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cooling
- stator
- wheel
- cooling channel
- rotor
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
- H02K5/207—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium with openings in the casing specially adapted for ambient air
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/20—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2786—Outer rotors
- H02K1/2787—Outer rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/2789—Outer rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2791—Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/32—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/006—Structural association of a motor or generator with the drive train of a motor vehicle
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K2007/0038—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor moving together with the wheel axle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K2007/0092—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor axle being coaxial to the wheel axle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
- B60L2220/40—Electrical machine applications
- B60L2220/44—Wheel Hub motors, i.e. integrated in the wheel hub
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
Definitions
- the invention relates to a cooling arrangement for cooling an electrical machine, which is arranged at least partially in a wheel space between a wheel hub and a rim of a wheel for a motor vehicle, wherein the electric machine has a housing surrounding a stator and a rotor.
- a cooling channel is formed in an outer wall of the housing, wherein means for acting on the cooling channel are provided with a cooling medium.
- WO 2007/036333 A1 describes a cooling arrangement by means of which an electric machine designed as a drive motor for a wheel is to be cooled.
- the electric machine has a housing which surrounds a hollow-cylindrical stator and a rotor arranged inside the stator.
- a fan wheel is arranged, by means of which a cooling channel formed in an outer wall of the housing is to be charged with air as cooling medium. In this case, air for cooling the stator is guided axially past the stator in the housing.
- Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a cooling arrangement of the type mentioned, which allows improved cooling of the electrical machine.
- the cooling arrangement for cooling an electrical machine, which is arranged at least partially in a wheel space between a wheel hub and a rim of a wheel for a motor vehicle, the electric machine has a housing surrounding a stator and a rotor. In an outer wall of the housing, a cooling channel is formed. It is provided that a cooling medium in the cooling channel is to be acted upon by means for acting on the cooling channel with the cooling medium in response to a driving operation of the motor vehicle with a back pressure.
- the means comprise an inlet opening of the cooling channel assigned to the housing of the rotor, which is formed circumferentially at least substantially open circumferentially to a rim-near outer side of the wheel.
- the resulting high flow velocities of the cooling medium in the rotor-side cooling channel lead to a particularly efficient removal of heat from the rotor by means of forced convection.
- the supplied from the rim near the outside of the wheel cooling medium air is usually cooler than the vehicle-side air.
- At least one air guiding element is arranged at least in an end region of the cooling channel near the inlet opening, by means of which the cooling medium flowing axially into the cooling channel during driving operation of the motor vehicle is tangentially deflectable. Due to the tangential deflection of the axially flowing cooling medium, this flows at least a certain distance on the outer peripheral side of the Rotor along. The concomitant lengthening of a flow path of the cooling medium enables a particularly efficient dissipation of the heat of the rotor.
- a plurality of the air guide elements are arranged uniformly spaced from one another in the end region of the rotor-side cooling channel which is near the inlet opening.
- the outlet opening side of the cooling channel a plurality of further air guide elements is arranged, wherein the further air guide elements have a contour opposite the inlet opening side air guide elements.
- the further air guide elements have a contour opposite the inlet opening side air guide elements.
- the cooling medium air is thus supplied to the stator-side cooling channel via the rim-near inlet element at a defined location.
- the rim-near inlet element is spatially arranged particularly close to the rim in order to allow a particularly efficient supply of cooling air via axial passage openings in the rim.
- the stator-side cooling channel has a circumferential element at least once circumferential locking element, by means of which a circumferential flow around the stator can be forced through the cooling medium.
- a circumferential flow around the stator can be forced through the cooling medium.
- the rim-like inlet element assigned to the housing of the stator is arranged completely in the wheel space between the wheel hub and the rim.
- the aerodynamic properties of the wheel are not affected by the rim near inlet element and it is created a particularly compact design of the cooling arrangement.
- stator-side cooling channel formed substantially closed towards an inner side of the wheel has an outlet opening arranged axially opposite the inlet element. As a result, a defined outlet opening is provided, via which the heated cooling medium air can be forcedly convected.
- cooling fins are arranged on an inner wall and / or on an outer wall of the cooling channels. As a result, a cooling surface of the cooling channels is increased and improved heat exchange between the rotor and the cooling medium and between the stator and the cooling medium.
- the means for acting on the cooling channel with the cooling medium are arranged at least substantially radially outside a braking device arranged in the wheel space between the wheel hub and the rim.
- the electric machine is designed as an external rotor machine, wherein the stator and / or the rotor are formed as a hollow cylinder.
- the stator and / or the rotor are formed as a hollow cylinder.
- a particularly large diameter of the rotor is given, which brings a particularly high performance of the electric machine with it.
- a particularly high rotational speed of the rotor for efficient cooling provide the rotor in a simple manner, wherein the cooling medium flows through the cooling channel associated with the housing of the rotor.
- Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a wheel assembly of a motor vehicle in the direction of a wheel axle, wherein in a wheel space between a hub and a rim, an electric machine is arranged, which has a surrounding a stator and a rotor housing, wherein in an outer wall of the housing cooling channels for a Cooling medium are formed, and wherein the cooling medium is to apply air in the cooling channels in a driving operation of the motor vehicle with a pressure Staurdruck;
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged detail view of the stator-side cooling channel according to FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged detail view of the rotor-side cooling channel according to FIG. 1;
- Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of the axially cut, rotor-side cooling passage of FIG. 1 and a schematic plan view of the axially cut, stator-side cooling passage in the region of an inlet element.
- Fig. 1 shows an upper half of a wheel assembly 10 in a cut along a wheel axis A view.
- an electric machine 16 is arranged in a wheel space between a wheel hub 12 and a rim 14.
- the electric machine is designed as an external rotor machine, with a hollow cylindrical rotor 18 surrounding a likewise cylindrical stator 20 on the outer peripheral side.
- the rotor 18 of the electric machine 16 in the present case has permanent magnets. Between the rotor 18 and the stator 20, an air gap 22 is formed as shown in FIG.
- the electric machine 16 further includes a housing 24 surrounding the rotor 18 and the stator 20.
- the housing 24 is presently designed in two parts, wherein a rotor-side part of the housing 24 is mounted on a stator-side part of the housing 24 by means of second thin ring bearings 26 arranged axially outside the stator 20.
- second thin ring bearings 26 arranged axially outside the stator 20.
- the thin-ring bearing 26 is a particularly low-friction, low-noise and viable sliding bearing of the rotor 18 is provided on the stator 20, so that a particularly good and resilient mobility of the rotor 18 is made possible relative to the stator 20.
- the stator-side part of the housing 24 is fixed by means of a connection element 28 on a rotationally fixed vehicle part 30.
- the connection element 28 has openings 32 via which heat of a brake device 34 arranged inside the hollow-cylindrical stator 20 can be dissipated to an inner side of the wheel assembly 10.
- the braking device 34 is presently designed as a disc brake with a brake disc 36 and a brake caliper 38.
- the braking device 34 may be formed as a drum brake or the like mechanical braking device.
- the rotor 18 is connected to the rim 14 in a form-fitting manner by means of radially projecting teeth 40 arranged on the rotor-side part of the housing 24 on the outer peripheral side.
- the teeth 40 are brought into contact with rim-side, corresponding teeth 42, which are formed integrally with the rim 14.
- a cooling channel 44 is formed in an outer wall 46 of the housing 24.
- the cooling channel 44 extends over an entire axial length of the rotor 18.
- a cooling channel 50 is likewise formed in a stator-side outer wall 48 of the housing 24.
- the stator-side cooling channel 50 extends on the inner peripheral side over an entire axial length of the stator 20.
- the stator-side part of the housing 24 thus serves firstly to receive the stator 20 with corresponding metal packages and windings and secondly to cool the stator 20.
- FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail of the cut stator 20 in the area of the stator-side cooling channel 50. It can be seen here that an inlet element 52 close to the rim is assigned to the stator-side cooling channel 50 , by means of which the stator side Cooling channel 50 from an outside of the wheel towards the cooling medium air can be supplied.
- the inlet element 52 is presently designed as an intake, the inlet opening facing openings in the rim 14.
- the stator-side cooling passage 50 is formed closed to the outside of the wheel to a communicating with the inlet member 52 area. As a result, a defined access point of the cooling medium to the stator-side cooling channel 50 is created.
- the stator-side cooling channel 50 has, according to FIG. 2, a blocking element 54.
- the blocking element 54 acts as a barrier to the cooling medium supplied to the cooling channel 50 from the outside of the wheel and is spirally guided around once in the cooling channel 50 surrounding the stator 20 on the inner peripheral side.
- the cooling medium is supplied with air from the outside of the wheel via the inlet element 52 to the stator cooling channel 50 and a forced convective flow of the cooling medium air in the stator cooling channel 50 is set.
- the cooling medium air with a particularly high flow rate through the cooling passage 50 having outer wall 48 of the stator-side part of the housing 24 is guided.
- stator 20 By cooling the stator 20 by means of the defined forced flow of the cooling medium air during driving operation of the motor vehicle can be dispensed with a complex liquid cooling of the stator 20.
- the presently described air cooling of the stator 20 represents a significant compared to the liquid cooling simplified design of a cooling arrangement ready and brings a saving in weight of the wheel assembly 10 with it.
- the outer wall 46 of the rotor 18 circumferentially circumferentially the cooling medium air are supplied.
- the defined forced flow through the cooling channel 44 adjusts itself here as a result of the driving operation of the motor vehicle, whereby a rotational speed of the cooling medium air flowing in the cooling channel 44 along the rotor 18 is additionally increased by the rotation of the rotor 18.
- One of the inlet opening 58 axially opposite outlet opening 60 of the rotor-side cooling channel 44 is also formed circumferentially open. Via the outlet opening 60, the heated air during cooling of the rotor 18 is efficiently discharged.
- the cooling medium air is forced convectively guided along the entire axial length of the rotor 18 along this and cools the rotor 18 in a particularly efficient manner.
- FIG. 4 shows a plan view of the axially cut, rotor-side cooling passage 44. It can be seen here that a plurality of mutually parallel air guide elements 64 are arranged in an end region 62 of the cooling passage 44 near the inlet opening 58. The air guide elements 64 cause a tangential deflection of the axially flowing into the cooling passage 44 cooling medium air. As a result, the cooling medium air in the cooling passage 44 is guided around the rotor 18 at least a certain distance on a circular path. By concomitantly extending the flow path of the cooling medium air, the cooling of the rotor 18 is further improved.
- FIG. 4 furthermore shows a plan view of the axially cut stator-side cooling channel 50 in the region of the inlet element 52.
- a contour line of the blocking element 54 shown in plan view can be seen here. From Fig. 4 it is apparent that the cooling medium air supplied via the inlet element 52 to the cooling channel 50 is forced by the blocking element 54 once circulating in the cooling channel 50 to bypass the stator 20 on the inside circumference once before the cooling medium air via the outlet opening 56 the cooling channel 50 can leave again.
- cooling fins are arranged on an inner wall and / or on an outer wall of the cooling channels 44, 50.
- the means described here for acting on the cooling channels 44, 50 with the cooling medium air are arranged at least substantially radially outside of the brake device 44 arranged in the wheel space between the rim 14 and the wheel hub 12.
- the brake caliper 38 and / or the brake disk 36 is not hindered by the cooling arrangement.
- components of a cooling device provided for cooling the braking device 34 are not impaired in their function by the cooling arrangement.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne un système de refroidissement servant à refroidir une machine électrique (16) qui est montée au moins partiellement dans le compartiment de roue situé entre un moyeu (12) et une jante (14) d'une roue d'un véhicule à moteur. La machine électrique (16) présente un boîtier (24) entourant un stator (20) et un rotor (18). Un canal de refroidissement (44, 50) est ménagé dans une paroi extérieur (46, 48) du boîtier (24), des moyens étant prévus pour alimenter en agent de refroidissement le canal de refroidissement (44, 50). L'agent de refroidissement dans le canal de refroidissement (44, 50) est soumis à une pression dynamique par lesdits moyens en fonction du mode de fonctionnement du véhicule à moteur.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008004083.5 | 2008-01-12 | ||
DE102008004083A DE102008004083A1 (de) | 2008-01-12 | 2008-01-12 | Kühlanordnung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2009086885A1 true WO2009086885A1 (fr) | 2009-07-16 |
Family
ID=40456394
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2008/010673 WO2009086885A1 (fr) | 2008-01-12 | 2008-12-16 | Système de refroidissement |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE102008004083A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2009086885A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111262371A (zh) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-09 | 温岭市九洲电机制造有限公司 | 一种电动车电机用轮毂 |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010016770B4 (de) * | 2010-05-04 | 2013-01-17 | Martin Locher | Fahrzeug |
DE102010033852A1 (de) * | 2010-08-09 | 2012-02-09 | Volkswagen Ag | Antriebseinheit für ein Fahrzeugrad, Fahrzeugrad sowie Verfahren zum Antrieb eines Fahrzeugrades |
DE102011081118B4 (de) | 2011-07-07 | 2013-01-31 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Antriebssystem, insbesondere Radnabenantriebssytem |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19948224C1 (de) * | 1999-10-07 | 2001-06-07 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Fahrzeug |
DE10330690A1 (de) * | 2003-07-08 | 2005-02-24 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Elektroachse mit Radnabenantrieb |
EP1568530A2 (fr) * | 2000-01-26 | 2005-08-31 | e-Traction Europe B.V. | Roue dotée d'un organe d'entraínement |
WO2007036333A1 (fr) * | 2005-09-29 | 2007-04-05 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Unite d'entrainement a refroidissement optimise |
DE102005055597A1 (de) * | 2005-11-19 | 2007-05-24 | Siegfried Graf | Antriebsvorrichtung für ein Elektrokleinfahrzeug |
-
2008
- 2008-01-12 DE DE102008004083A patent/DE102008004083A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-12-16 WO PCT/EP2008/010673 patent/WO2009086885A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19948224C1 (de) * | 1999-10-07 | 2001-06-07 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Fahrzeug |
EP1568530A2 (fr) * | 2000-01-26 | 2005-08-31 | e-Traction Europe B.V. | Roue dotée d'un organe d'entraínement |
DE10330690A1 (de) * | 2003-07-08 | 2005-02-24 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Elektroachse mit Radnabenantrieb |
WO2007036333A1 (fr) * | 2005-09-29 | 2007-04-05 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Unite d'entrainement a refroidissement optimise |
DE102005055597A1 (de) * | 2005-11-19 | 2007-05-24 | Siegfried Graf | Antriebsvorrichtung für ein Elektrokleinfahrzeug |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111262371A (zh) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-09 | 温岭市九洲电机制造有限公司 | 一种电动车电机用轮毂 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102008004083A1 (de) | 2009-07-16 |
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