WO2009080790A1 - Procédé pour déterminer le rayon et/ou la position de parties caractéristiques de l'oeil - Google Patents

Procédé pour déterminer le rayon et/ou la position de parties caractéristiques de l'oeil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009080790A1
WO2009080790A1 PCT/EP2008/068103 EP2008068103W WO2009080790A1 WO 2009080790 A1 WO2009080790 A1 WO 2009080790A1 EP 2008068103 W EP2008068103 W EP 2008068103W WO 2009080790 A1 WO2009080790 A1 WO 2009080790A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radius
determining
characteristic
eye
image
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2008/068103
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Schuhrke
Günter Meckes
Original Assignee
Carl Zeiss Surgical Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carl Zeiss Surgical Gmbh filed Critical Carl Zeiss Surgical Gmbh
Publication of WO2009080790A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009080790A1/fr
Priority to US12/801,689 priority Critical patent/US8662667B2/en
Priority to US14/147,046 priority patent/US9089283B2/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/113—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for determining or recording eye movement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for determining the radius and / or the position of characteristic eye components according to the preamble of claim 1 and a corresponding device according to the preamble of claim 22.
  • Such methods are known, for example, in the field of ophthalmic surgery.
  • Another example of this is a cataract surgery in which a natural lens of the human eye, which has become clouded, is replaced by an artificial lens.
  • the surgeon performs such an intervention under a surgical microscope. After a circular opening of the front capsule leaf usually the lens is smashed and sucked. Subsequently, an artificial lens is inserted into the empty capsular bag.
  • a surgical microscope for eye surgery which superimposes a pattern on the eye to be operated on.
  • the pattern may aid in setting the cutting position, but it may also serve as a guide in the placement of toric intraocular lenses, or may assist in the insertion of a suture in a corneal transplant.
  • To position the pattern in the right place it is necessary to determine the position of the pupil or iris on the eye to be treated. Ideally, the position will also be during The operation again and again determined or tracked, as it may come during the procedure to movements of the entire eye or the pupil.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a method for determining the radius and / or the position of characteristic ocular components, which is robust against interference and works independently of the individual design of the eye reliably.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention by a method for determining the radius and / or the position of characteristic eye components with the features of claim 1 and a corresponding device having the features of claim 22.
  • the comparison object is pushed over the image, its match with a recorded in the image characteristic eye component, preferably the limbus or the pupil determined.
  • the comparison object and the characteristic eye component which is preferably likewise annular or circular and a density transition, coincide in position and size, the greatest value of the match results. If the comparison object and the image are in great agreement, it can be assumed that an object corresponding to the comparison object, that is to say a characteristic eye component, has been determined in the image.
  • the match is in the range of a local maximum match and that its value does not fall below the value of the largest match by more than 20%, preferably not more than 5%.
  • the radius and / or the position of the comparison object in which great agreement has been established can be selected as the radius and / or position of a characteristic eye component. Since there may be several such objects in the image, there may be multiple comparison objects and multiple positions of those where there is a large match.
  • the invention is based on the recognition that in the case of the images of the eye taken during an eye examination or treatment, the edges of the characteristic ocular components, in particular iris and pumice pill may be seen as essentially circular or annular density transitions, the limbus / pupil radius respectively representing the largest / second largest annular density transition object within the eyelid, and this being based on the comparison with a corresponding comparison object, eg via the convolution with a corresponding one annular filter is preferably particularly easy to find under difference formation and reliable.
  • the absolute size of the limbus / pupil radius is unknown at the beginning of the procedure. Therefore, the size of the comparison object is varied so that the density transition object best matching the limbus / pupil radius can be determined.
  • the limbus radius is preferably determined in the method. It has been shown that this is always reliably regardless of the recording quality, the properties of the eye and the course of surgery, the largest annular structure in the recorded section. While the pupil can be severely impaired by the operation and can hardly be distinguished from the iris even in the case of very dark eyes, the transition from the limbus to the whites of the eyeball can always be reliably determined. In particular, it is always the largest light-dark transition within the eyelid and thus clearly and reliably to identify. Also different with it This method relies heavily on the methods presented in the prior art, which generally aim to locate the pupil.
  • an annular comparison object is selected for locating the limbus / pupil radius, which contains at least two concentric annular constituents.
  • the fact that the comparison object has at least two components results in the possibility, in each case one component to the eye area outside the density transition, e.g. the sclera, and the second component to the eye area within the density transition, e.g. the iris, adapt.
  • the density transition can thus be strengthened to a certain extent via a correlation with the comparison object.
  • the optimum match with the comparison object results when the inner ring of the comparison object is e.g. on the iris, the outer e.g. on the sclera and thus the limbus edge is enclosed by the two annular components.
  • the center of the eye coincides with the center of the object of comparison.
  • the two components of the comparison object are two narrow annular components. These are advantageously spaced apart so far that one component is as completely as possible in the region of lesser, the other in the region of higher density, but neither of the two is in the range of density increase. This allows a clear identification of the object.
  • the rings are as narrow as possible, since this ensures that as few influences of other eye areas as possible are detected so that a clear correlation function is to be expected. In principle, however, the method also works if, for example, the inner annular component is designed as a disk. However, the reliability of the process would suffer somewhat.
  • one annular component of the comparison object may have a positive, the other a negative sign.
  • the comparison object or its annular constituents are designed so that when correlated with a gray area, ie a uniform area without density transition, it yields a neutral result such as zero, whereas when it is correlated with an area in the area of a density overlap. With increasing strength of the transition, the result is ever greater values.
  • the comparison object is realized by a filter with which the image is folded.
  • the annular filter is chosen so that there is a maximum filter response whenever the annular filter comes to rest on an annular density transition such as the limbus or pupil radius. Since the radius of the limbus and pupil in the image is not known in advance, the image is folded with annular filters of different radius and the maximum filter response per filter radius is determined in each case. The better the radius of the filter matches the radius of the searched object, ie the limbus or the pupil, the larger this maximum filter response will fail, it will reach a maximum if the radii agree.
  • the radii which belong to the locally maximum values of the maximum filter response determined per image in each case thus correspond to the radii of annular density transfer objects in the image. It has been recognized that the largest of these objects found in the picture is always the limbus radius for these special shots and the second largest, usually the pupil radius. Thus, the limbus radius or, correspondingly, the pupil radius can be determined by searching for the locally maximum values of the maximum filter responses which match the corresponding filter radii. The location of the maximum filter response for this radius then corresponds to the center of the iris / pupil.
  • This filtering method is that it can be processed very easily and quickly relatively large amounts of data, whereby the detection of the eye components and thus the provision of assistance to the surgeon or optician can be done so quickly that it does not affect its operation is.
  • Such a filtering method can work so fast, in particular, that any recording recorded with the camera can be processed immediately and, to a certain extent, assisted in real time if, in a particularly advantageous embodiment, the radius of the filter or of the comparison object is only once in a localization step is determined, but this radius thereafter in the further course of Eye exam or treatment is recorded. Due to this two-stage structure of the method, in which all variables are determined in detail in a first step, but in all further steps all variables which change little are recorded, now only the best correlation with the then defined comparison object, or the maximum filter response for a fixed filter are determined in order to always follow the changing location of the eye center exactly.
  • the radius of the comparison object is automatically adapted to changes in the recording conditions.
  • changes in the device settings that affect the limbus size such as a change in the zoom factor on the microscope
  • automatically in the correlation of the comparison object with the recording it can be ensured that the once adjusted radius over the entire Process remains consistent and can be used consistently. This avoids the need to re-determine the radius whenever a changed setting has been made on a device related to the recording.
  • an interruption of the display of assistance for the surgeon or optician which would be unavoidable in the case of a new determination of the radius, be avoided.
  • it is necessary for there to be an interface between the device which alters the device parameter for example the microscope and the device at which the analysis of the image takes place.
  • the comparison object may as well be composed of annular segments. Essential for the process is only that the overall annular character of the object to be compared is preserved. In particular, in the edge region of the image, it is even more reliable to use only ring segments. In the case of these ring segments, it is preferable to expose the region which lies at the edge to which the comparison object approaches in the correlation and thus also the limbus in the image. In the correlation, the comparison object thus better corresponds to the object to be found, which, as soon as it reaches the edge of the image, is partially cut off.
  • the red-extraction of the image is always used for the correlation with the comparison object. Surprisingly, it has been shown that this is the least affected by disturbances during eye treatment, since in this color separation, the red of the hemorrhages and veins with the white of the sclera forms a homogeneous surface. This makes it possible to achieve a more reliable result in this color channel than in other color separations.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically an apparatus for carrying out the inventive
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of an advantageous ring filter superimposed on a receptacle of an eye cutout
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show examples of filter responses over the radius.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of the basic structure, as it is typical for an eye treatment in which the method according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously.
  • the patient's eye 1 to be treated which is illuminated by a light source (not shown), is observed firstly by means of an eyepiece 2 and secondly by means of a video camera 3, wherein the observation beam path is split by a beam splitter 4 into two observation beam paths for the observing instruments.
  • the data recorded on the video camera 3 are transferred to a computing unit 5, where the data is stored and analyzed.
  • an auxiliary pattern formed by a pattern generating unit 6 and superimposed on the image visible in the eyepiece 2 is calculated, so that the surgeon 7 can view the eye 1 to be treated together with the superimposed pattern formed on the pattern generating unit 6 .
  • the eye 1 is continuously recorded digitally in very short time sequences with the camera 3 or analog recorded data is converted to digital and the digital data of the recording of the eye detail, as shown for example in Fig. 2 (to illustrate the comparison object with superimposed ring filter ) is transmitted to the arithmetic unit 5.
  • the eye center and the limbus radius are determined, so that the optimum cutting position for the cut, for the removal of the clouded and for insertion of the artificial lens, can be determined.
  • the image seen by the eye of the surgeon 7 through the eyepiece 2 is superimposed on a pattern generated on the pattern generating unit 6 which indicates this cutting position.
  • the eye of the surgeon 7 always sees during the treatment the optimal cutting position for preparing the cut.
  • the course of the method according to the invention for determining the limbus radius and thus localization of the eye center will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 2-5.
  • the image taken on the camera 3 of a section of an eye to be treated, as can be seen in FIG. 2, is folded on the arithmetic unit 5 with the ring filter 8 shown schematically in the receptacle.
  • the ring filter 8 includes two concentric rings 9 and 10, which are placed in Fig. 2 symmetrically around the examined Limbusradius 1 1.
  • the ring filter 8 is normalized so that the outer ring 9 provides positive contributions to the filter response while the inner ring 10 gives negative contributions.
  • the ring filter 8 is normalized so that the filter response in the convolution with a gray area is zero. This means that the two rings 9 and 10 are weighted according to their area proportions in the picture.
  • This filter is now folded with the image section, that is, the filter response is determined at each point of the image.
  • FIG. 3 The result of the convolution with a ring filter 8 such as that shown in FIG. 2, ie the filter response when the filter center and limbus center 11 are approximately identical, is shown in FIG. 3 as an example.
  • the maximum filter response which is shown here bright.
  • the center of the brightest area corresponds to the center of the eye and as such is transferred to the pattern generation unit 6.
  • the exact determination of this center is only possible if the Limbusradius 1 1 or the radius of the best matching ring filter 8 has been determined. At the beginning of the process this is still unknown. In order to find it, therefore, a folding of the image section is performed with filters for a radius range to be examined.
  • the image is folded with a filter of a different radius and the respective maximum filter response is determined.
  • the resulting maximum filter responses are each plotted over the associated radius.
  • a curve is obtained, as shown for example in FIG.
  • the curve shows a distinct peak.
  • at least a second maximum may occur at the pupil radius, often still another between them.
  • An example of this is shown in FIG.
  • the first pronounced maximum starting from the largest radius always represents the filter response for a filter whose radius corresponds to the limbus radius 1 1.
  • This defines the radius at which the first pronounced maximum can be seen as the limbus radius 1 1.
  • the limbus center corresponds to the location of the maximum filter response which was determined during the convolution with the ring filter whose radius corresponds to the limbus radius 1 1.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de déterminer le rayon et/ou la position de parties caractéristiques de l'oeil pendant un examen ou un traitement de l'oeil. Selon ce procédé, une image numérique d'au moins une coupe d'un oeil est enregistrée au moyen d'une caméra. Selon l'invention, cette image est mise en corrélation avec des objets de comparaison annulaires de différentes tailles de sorte que la concordance entre l'image et l'objet de comparaison soit la plus grande lorsqu'un objet de comparaison annulaire coïncide avec un saut de densité annulaire de même rayon dans l'image. Les objets de comparaison présentant localement une grande concordance avec l'image numérique sont ensuite déterminés et le rayon et/ou la position de la partie caractéristique de l'oeil sont dérivés à partir de ces objets de comparaison présentant une grande concordance.
PCT/EP2008/068103 2007-12-21 2008-12-19 Procédé pour déterminer le rayon et/ou la position de parties caractéristiques de l'oeil WO2009080790A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/801,689 US8662667B2 (en) 2007-12-21 2010-06-21 Ophthalmologic visualization system
US14/147,046 US9089283B2 (en) 2007-12-21 2014-01-03 Ophthalmologic visualization system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007055924.2 2007-12-21
DE200710055924 DE102007055924B4 (de) 2007-12-21 2007-12-21 Verfahren zur Ermittlung charakteristischer Eigenschaften und/oder der Position charakteristischer Augenbestandteile

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PCT/EP2008/068104 Continuation-In-Part WO2009080791A1 (fr) 2007-12-21 2008-12-19 Procédé de détection et/ou de suivi de la position de composants caractéristiques de l'oeil

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PCT/EP2008/068102 Continuation-In-Part WO2009080789A1 (fr) 2007-12-21 2008-12-19 Procédé pour déterminer des propriétés et/ou pour déterminer et/ou repérer la position de parties caractéristiques de l'oeil

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DE102009030504A1 (de) 2009-06-24 2010-12-30 Carl Zeiss Surgical Gmbh Augenchirurgie-Mikroskopiesystem
DE102010012616A1 (de) * 2010-03-20 2011-09-22 Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag Ophthalmologische Laser-Behandlungseinrichtung und Betriebsverfahren für eine solche
US8308298B2 (en) 2009-06-24 2012-11-13 Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag Microscopy system for eye surgery
DE102011082901A1 (de) 2011-09-16 2013-03-21 Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag Bestimmen der azimutalen Orientierung eines Patientenauges
DE102011086666A1 (de) 2011-11-18 2013-05-23 Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag Justieren einer Anzeige für Orientierungsinformation in einer Visualisierungsvorrichtung
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DE102014201571A1 (de) 2014-01-29 2015-07-30 Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag Modul für die Dateneinspiegelung in einer Visualisierungsvorrichtung
WO2022223663A1 (fr) 2021-04-22 2022-10-27 Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag Procédé de fonctionnement d'un micrososcope chirurgical et micrososcope chirurgical

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DE102009033931B4 (de) 2009-07-20 2016-03-10 Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag Verfahren zur Ermittlung einer Größenveränderung und/oder Positionsveränderung eines ringförmigen Bestandteils eines Auges in einem Abbild

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8662667B2 (en) 2007-12-21 2014-03-04 Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag Ophthalmologic visualization system
US9089283B2 (en) 2007-12-21 2015-07-28 Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag Ophthalmologic visualization system
DE102009030504A1 (de) 2009-06-24 2010-12-30 Carl Zeiss Surgical Gmbh Augenchirurgie-Mikroskopiesystem
US8308298B2 (en) 2009-06-24 2012-11-13 Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag Microscopy system for eye surgery
DE102010012616A1 (de) * 2010-03-20 2011-09-22 Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag Ophthalmologische Laser-Behandlungseinrichtung und Betriebsverfahren für eine solche
US8858540B2 (en) 2010-03-20 2014-10-14 Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag Ophthalmological laser treatment device
DE102011082901A1 (de) 2011-09-16 2013-03-21 Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag Bestimmen der azimutalen Orientierung eines Patientenauges
US9560965B2 (en) 2011-09-16 2017-02-07 Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag Method for determining the azimuthal orientation of a patient eye and eye surgical apparatus therefor
DE102011086666A1 (de) 2011-11-18 2013-05-23 Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag Justieren einer Anzeige für Orientierungsinformation in einer Visualisierungsvorrichtung
DE102014201571A1 (de) 2014-01-29 2015-07-30 Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag Modul für die Dateneinspiegelung in einer Visualisierungsvorrichtung
US9820820B2 (en) 2014-01-29 2017-11-21 Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag Module for a visualization apparatus for viewing an object
WO2022223663A1 (fr) 2021-04-22 2022-10-27 Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag Procédé de fonctionnement d'un micrososcope chirurgical et micrososcope chirurgical

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