WO2009076858A1 - 一种带箍的桩 - Google Patents

一种带箍的桩 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009076858A1
WO2009076858A1 PCT/CN2008/073337 CN2008073337W WO2009076858A1 WO 2009076858 A1 WO2009076858 A1 WO 2009076858A1 CN 2008073337 W CN2008073337 W CN 2008073337W WO 2009076858 A1 WO2009076858 A1 WO 2009076858A1
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Prior art keywords
pile
hoop
foundation
head
cap
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PCT/CN2008/073337
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jiangwei Xue
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Jiangwei Xue
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Publication date
Application filed by Jiangwei Xue filed Critical Jiangwei Xue
Publication of WO2009076858A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009076858A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/24—Prefabricated piles

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technology of foundation treatment in the field of construction engineering, and particularly relates to a foundation treatment technique in which a pile and a pile head hoop work together, and a hoop and a pile are used together.
  • the second is the pile cap, usually the pile cap of a column, also called the pile cap.
  • the CFG pile composite foundation and the PHC pile composite foundation in the subgrade engineering are generally added with piles similar to the small caps.
  • Caps, these caps or pile caps are usually cast-in-place reinforced concrete, which is constructed with a cap or pile cap integrated into the pile.
  • the third is the Chinese invention patent "The soft soil foundation hoop treatment method for building structures" (application number 88101349. 8) and the “soft soil layer high-rise building cylindrical prestressed ground hoop foundation structure” (application number 01126418. 7)
  • the method of processing the soft soil foundation of the building structure is to set up a ring hoop earth ring around the foundation, and the inner ring of the hoop earth ring can also be provided with the hoop inner ring.
  • the height of the hoop ring can be determined according to the geological conditions and the foundation load.
  • the hoop mound can be made of reinforced concrete or steel plate on site, or it can be made into prefabricated piles and driven into the ground.
  • "Cylinder prestressed hoop foundation structure of high-rise building in soft soil” is a cylindrical prestressed hoop made of corrosion-resistant high-strength material or reinforced concrete under the high-rise building. The intersection of the underground foundation and the above-ground building and the floor to the ground hoop, the creep and deformation of the land affected by the gravity of the high-rise building are mainly limited.
  • Both methods are to set up a hoop ring or a cylindrical prestressed hoop around the foundation of the building, which is equivalent to a closed underground continuous wall, and the inner ring of the hoop set within the hoop ring is equivalent to a kind of Shaped pile bearing capacity of foundation soil.
  • the fourth is a variety of ordinary piles without hoops.
  • Piles are a general term for various vertical reinforcements.
  • the vertical load is the length of the pile, and the short part of the pile is weak in bearing horizontal loads.
  • the horizontal load mainly occurs in the upper part of the pile, and the pile head is at the connection position between the foundation and the superstructure.
  • the stress state is the most complicated. Some types of pile heads have the greatest force, and the construction quality requirements for the pile head are also the highest. It is necessary to strengthen the research on the pile head, especially the technical innovation, through new measures to improve the stress state and stress conditions of the pile head.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a pile with a hoop and a pile for use in a foundation treatment method, so that the force of the pile head is improved and the bearing capacity is improved.
  • a pile with a hoop used in a foundation treatment method characterized in that: a closed annular hoop is arranged on a side of a set height on a side of the pile head, the inner diameter of the hoop is larger than the outer diameter of the pile head, and the hoop Separate from the pile, the pile and the pile head hoop work together through the force transmission between the pile soil and the cushion, and are combined into a pile with a hoop.
  • the cross section of the pile hoop is one of a rectangular shape, a triangular shape, a "T” shape, an "L” shape or a circular cross section form.
  • the pile top of the pile is provided with a cushion layer having a small compression amount or a flexible cushion layer having a large compression amount or a reserved settling space.
  • a foundation cap is also included, the hoop extending into the interior of the cap, and the reinforcing bars of the cap are interconnected with the reinforcing bars of the hoop.
  • a cushioning material reserved hoop and a relative horizontal displacement space between the pile soil and the pile head are placed at a set height range of the hoop and the pile head side.
  • the pile with the hoop and the pile is used to set a closed annular hoop on the side of the pile head, and the inner diameter of the hoop is larger than the outer diameter of the pile head, hoop and pile.
  • the pile and the pile head hoop work together through the force transmission between the pile soil and the cushion to synthesize the pile with the hoop.
  • the pile and the hoop are inseparable.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the foundation, showing only the pile 1 and the hoop 2.
  • Figure 2 and Figure 3 are schematic cross-sectional structural diagrams of a typical rigid pile composite foundation and pile foundation, respectively.
  • Example The cross section of the hoop 2 is rectangular.
  • a closed annular hoop 2 is disposed on the side of the pile head on the side of the pile head.
  • the inner diameter of the hoop 2 is larger than the outer diameter of the pile head, and the hoop 2 and the pile 1 are separated. 1
  • the hoop 2 with the pile head cooperates by the force transmission between the soil between the pile and the cushion 4 to synthesize the pile with the hoop.
  • the hoop 2 is a closed ring shape, and the cross-sectional form thereof may be a rectangle, a triangle, a "T" shape or an "L” shape, a circle or the like according to engineering requirements.
  • the material for the hoop is preferably made of concrete, which can be prefabricated or cast-in-place, and the steel bars are configured according to the force and construction.
  • Pre-made hoops can absorb some active materials such as fly ash or wastes such as garbage. Similar to the technology for making precast concrete piles and garbage bricks, only the molds need to be replaced.
  • the board can be mass-produced at a low cost.
  • the large flexible mat 4 or the reserved settling space 5 causes the pile 1 to be displaced upward relative to the hoop 2, and the hoop 2 transfers the load to the pile body by compressing the inter-pile soil and the mat 4. If it is extremely unnecessary to transmit the horizontal load to the top of the pile, the relative horizontal displacement space between the cushioning material reserve hoop and the pile soil and the pile head can be placed at a certain height range of the hoop 2 and the pile head side. However, at this time, it is also necessary to set a flexible cushion of sufficient height at the top of the pile or reserve space to reduce the vertical load directly carried by the pile top. For the pile foundation with the cap 6 (see Fig.
  • the setting of the hoop adds a force body near the pile head, sharing part of the load and reducing the stress concentration of the pile head.
  • the hoop and the pile and the soil between the piles share the horizontal load, especially the horizontal load that most of the original need to be carried by the pile head, which overcomes the shortcoming of the vertical reinforcement's ability to bear the horizontal load.
  • the lateral stiffness of the hoop is much larger than that of the pile, and it can bear most of the horizontal load.
  • the pile is at the neutral point of the pile with the hoop.
  • the concrete pile can reduce the amount of reinforcement, and even the unsupported steel can be used. Plain concrete pile.
  • the pile hoop provided with the hoop and the pile in the foundation treatment method has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the pile head, and the hoop and the pile are separated, and the hoop of the pile and the pile head passes through the soil and the cushion between the piles.
  • the force is used to work together to synthesize the pile with the hoop.
  • the pile and the hoop are inseparable, and the hoop can be used in combination with the pile foundation and various types of vertical reinforcement composite foundations.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Description

一种带箍的桩 技术领域
本发明属于建设工程领域地基处理的技术，特别涉及一种桩与桩头的箍协同 工作、 箍与桩配合使用的地基处理技术。
背景技术
与本发明的方法比较接近的有以下四类技术：
一是仅在桩的施工过程中使用的防止桩头损坏的各种桩帽，桩帽最重要的是 能够将能量由锤或大型液压机构均匀地传到桩身上，通常桩帽与桩头及桩锤与桩 帽间设置防振硬木垫或粗麻绳组成的桩垫， 以吸收较大的直接冲击力或压力， 其 中一些较为新颖独特的技术还申报了专利， 如 "大型预应力双向组合式碟形弹簧 桩帽"（ZL90208833. 5)、 "复合桩帽" ( ZL200520025045. 0) 等。
二是桩的承台， 通常一柱一桩的承台， 也称之为桩帽， 路基工程中的 CFG 桩复合地基、 PHC桩复合地基在桩顶一般都加有类似于小型承台的桩帽， 这些承 台或桩帽通常为现浇的钢筋混凝土， 在构造上承台或桩帽与桩连成一体。
三是中国发明专利 "建筑物构筑物软土地基箍土处理法" （申请号为 88101349. 8 ) 和 "软土层高层建筑圆柱形预应力地箍基础结构" （申请号为 01126418. 7 ) 中分别提到的箍土圈和地箍基础结构。 "建筑物构筑物软土地基箍 土处理法"是在地基的四周设置一环形箍土圈， 箍土圈以内地基还可设置箍土内 圈， 箍土圈的高度可根据地质条件和地基荷载确定， 箍土圈可以由钢筋混凝土或 钢板现场制做， 也可以制做预制桩打入地下围制而成。 "软土层高层建筑圆柱形 预应力地箍基础结构"是在高层建筑的四周， 夯埋单层或多层用耐腐蚀高强度材 料或钢筋混疑土制成的圆柱形预应力地箍，加固地下基础与地上建筑的交接处及 地坪至地箍，使受高层建筑物重力影响的土地蠕动及变形主要被限定在其中。这 两种方法都是在建筑地基的周边设置箍土圈或圆柱形预应力地箍，相当于封闭的 地下连续墙，而在箍土圈以内设置的箍土内圈则相当于一种能够发挥地基土承载 力的异型桩。
四就是各种普通的不带箍的桩。
桩是各种竖向增强体的统称，承担竖向荷载是桩的长项， 而桩的短处是承担 水平荷载的能力弱。水平荷载主要发生在桩的上部， 而且桩头处在地基与上部结 构的连接位置， 其受力状态最复杂， 有些类型的桩桩头受力最大， 对桩头的施工 质量要求也最高， 因此， 有必要加强对桩头的研究， 特别是技术创新， 通过新的 措施来改善桩头的受力状态和受力条件。
发明内容 本发明的目的在于改进现有技术的不足，提供一种在地基处理方法中箍与桩 配合使用的带箍的桩， 使得桩头的受力情况改善， 提高其承载能力。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：
一种在地基处理方法中箍与桩配合使用的带箍的桩，其特征在于， 在桩头侧 面上下一设定高度范围设置一闭合环形箍， 该箍的内径大于桩头的外径， 箍与桩 是分开的，桩与桩头的箍通过桩间土和垫层的传力来协同工作，组合成带箍的桩。
所述桩箍的截面是矩形、三角形、 "T"字形、 "L"字形或圆形截面形式中的 一种。
所述桩的桩顶设置压縮量小的褥垫层或压縮量大的柔性垫层或预留沉降空 间。
还包括一桩基础承台，所述箍伸入该承台内部， 承台的钢筋与箍的钢筋相互 连接。
在所述箍与桩头侧面一设定高度范围放置压縮量大的缓冲材料预留箍和桩 间土与桩头之间的相对水平位移空间。
本发明提供的在地基处理方法中箍与桩配合使用的带箍的桩，在桩头侧面上 下一设定高度范围设置一闭合环形箍， 该箍的内径大于桩头的外径， 箍与桩是分 开的， 桩与桩头的箍通过桩间土和垫层的传力来协同工作， 组合成带箍的桩。本 发明中桩与箍密不可分。
附图说明
图 1为地基的横断面示意图， 仅标出了桩 1和箍 2。
图 2和图 3分别为典型的刚性桩复合地基和桩基础的剖面构造示意图。示例 中箍 2的截面形式为矩形。
附图编号说明如下： 1、桩 2、箍 3、上部结构 4、垫层 5、预留净空 6、 承台 （基础底板）
具体实施方式
实施例 1 (刚性桩复合地基）： 参见附图 2
实施例 2 (桩基础）： 参见附图 3
如图 1、 2所示， 在桩 1的桩头侧面上下一设定高度范围设置一闭合环形箍 2， 该箍 2的内径大于桩头的外径， 箍 2与桩 1是分开的， 桩 1与桩头的箍 2通 过桩间土和垫层 4的传力来协同工作， 组合成带箍的桩。
箍 2为闭合环形， 其截面形式根据工程需要可以是矩形、三角形、 "T"字形 或 " L"字形、 圆形等。 按照目前的技术， 制作箍的材料首选混凝土， 可以预制， 也可以现浇， 并根据受力和构造情况配置钢筋。预制箍可以消纳一些粉煤灰等活 性物质或垃圾等废弃物， 与制作预制混凝土桩、垃圾砖的技术类似， 只需更换模 板便可大批量生产， 成本很低。箍 2的截面形状、外径、 内径、 高度、施工过程、 嵌入桩间土的深度、周边设置垫层 4的状况等情况根据工程实际采取不同的处理 方法， 与桩 1 的作用、 类型、 刚度、 桩间距、 桩间土性质相协调。 为保证箍 2 与桩 1之间能够协同工作， 需要使桩 1与箍 2之间有一个相对的位移变形， 带箍 的桩的桩顶设置压縮量小的褥垫层 4或压縮量大的柔性垫层 4或预留沉降空间 5， 使桩 1相对于箍 2产生向上的位移， 箍 2通过压縮桩间土和垫层 4将荷载传 递到桩身。如果极端不需要箍向桩顶传递水平荷载， 还可在箍 2与桩头侧面一定 高度范围放置压縮量大的缓冲材料预留箍和桩间土与桩头之间的相对水平位移 空间，但此时也同时需要在桩顶设置足够高度的柔性垫层或预留空间减小桩顶直 接承担的垂直荷载。 对于带有承台 6的桩基础 （见图 3)， 箍 2伸入承台 6内部， 承台 6的钢筋与箍 2的钢筋相互连接，水平荷载主要由箍 2来承担。箍 2的主要 作用可以归纳如下：
1、 箍的设置使桩头附近增加了一个受力体， 分担一部分荷载， 减小了桩头 的应力集中。
2、 箍与桩、 桩间土共同分担水平荷载， 特别是分担大部分原来需要由桩头 承担的水平荷载， 克服了竖向增强体承担水平荷载的能力弱的缺点。对于桩基础 来说， 箍的侧向刚度比桩大很多， 可以承担大部分的水平荷载， 桩处于带箍的桩 的中性点处， 混凝土桩可以减小配筋量， 甚至可以采用不配钢筋的素混凝土桩。
3、 箍承担部分垂直荷载， 并将垂直荷载通过对桩间土和垫层的约束作用以 负摩阻力的形式逐渐传递到桩的侧面，同时在一定深度范围内增大对桩侧面的约 束。这样，对桩头来说，减小了垂直方向的主应力，增大了另外两个方向的应力， 相应提高了材料极限破坏的强度； 对桩头以下一定区域的桩身来说， 不仅增大了 侧面的约束， 而且由于箍的分担和传力作用， 减小了正、 负摩阻力中性点处桩身 轴力最大值的峰值。此外， 箍约束柔性桩在桩顶范围内发生的侧向膨胀， 可以大 幅度减小地基的沉降变形， 提高柔性桩复合地基的承载能力。
工业实用性
本发明提供的在地基处理方法中箍与桩配合使用的带箍的桩箍， 其内径大 于桩头的外径， 箍与桩是分开的， 桩与桩头的箍通过桩间土和垫层的传力来协同 工作， 组合成带箍的桩， 本发明中桩与箍密不可分， 箍可以与桩基础和各种类型 的竖向增强体复合地基配合使用。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种在地基处理方法中箍与桩配合使用的带箍的桩， 其特征在于， 在桩 头侧面上下一设定高度范围设置一闭合环形箍， 该箍的内径大于桩头的外径， 箍 与桩是分开的，桩与桩头的箍通过桩间土和垫层的传力来协同工作， 组合成带箍 的桩。
2、 按照权利要求 1所述的在地基处理方法中箍与桩配合使用的带箍的桩， 其特征在于， 所述桩箍的截面是矩形、 三角形、 "T"字形、 "L"字形或圆形截 面形式中的一种。
3、 按照权利要求 1所述的在地基处理方法中箍与桩配合使用的带箍的桩， 其特征在于， 所述桩的桩顶设置压縮量小的褥垫层或压縮量大的柔性垫层， 和 / 或预留沉降空间。
4、 按照权利要求 1所述的在地基处理方法中箍与桩配合使用的带箍的桩， 其特征在于， 还包括一桩基础承台， 所述箍伸入该承台内部， 承台的钢筋与箍的 钢筋相互连接。
5、 按照权利要求 1所述的在地基处理方法中箍与桩配合使用的带箍的桩， 其特征在于，在所述箍与桩头侧面一设定高度范围放置压縮量大的缓冲材料预留 箍和桩间土与桩头之间的相对水平位移空间。
PCT/CN2008/073337 2007-12-14 2008-12-04 一种带箍的桩 WO2009076858A1 (zh)

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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104264660A (zh) * 2014-10-14 2015-01-07 薛江炜 一种保留桩顶浮浆的灌注桩桩头施工方法
CN106758624A (zh) * 2016-12-27 2017-05-31 天津大学 钢筋混凝土桩‑水泥土桩分区组合式复合地基

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101768962B (zh) * 2009-01-05 2013-09-25 吴保全 预制花管桩
CN104264661B (zh) * 2014-10-14 2017-06-06 薛江炜 一种改变桩顶受力状态的构造

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN85108550A (zh) * 1985-11-30 1987-06-03 清华大学 预应力混凝土基础桩
CN2841769Y (zh) * 2005-10-12 2006-11-29 山西省机械施工公司 复合桩帽
JP2007002550A (ja) * 2005-06-24 2007-01-11 Daia Soil Kk コンクリート杭用補強篭

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN85108550A (zh) * 1985-11-30 1987-06-03 清华大学 预应力混凝土基础桩
JP2007002550A (ja) * 2005-06-24 2007-01-11 Daia Soil Kk コンクリート杭用補強篭
CN2841769Y (zh) * 2005-10-12 2006-11-29 山西省机械施工公司 复合桩帽

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104264660A (zh) * 2014-10-14 2015-01-07 薛江炜 一种保留桩顶浮浆的灌注桩桩头施工方法
CN106758624A (zh) * 2016-12-27 2017-05-31 天津大学 钢筋混凝土桩‑水泥土桩分区组合式复合地基

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