WO2009062362A1

WO2009062362A1 - Tidal power station and method of power generation using the same

Info

Publication number: WO2009062362A1
Application number: PCT/CN2007/071237
Authority: WO
Inventors: Binyan Lin
Original assignee: Binyan Lin
Priority date: 2007-11-15
Filing date: 2007-12-14
Publication date: 2009-05-22
Also published as: CN101178050A; CN100491719C

Abstract

A tidal power station includes a levee (3) for enclosing a reservoir A and a reservoir B, an isolation levee (2) located between the reservoir A and the reservoir B, and an inlet gate (4) and an outlet gate (5) provided corresponding to the reservoir A and the reservoir B on the levee (3). Turbogenerator units (N) that generate electric power making use of the water head are provided on the isolation levee (2). When the tide falls to the lowest tidal level, the outlet gate (5) of the reservoir B is closed; when the tide rises, the inlet gate (4) of the reservoir A is open, and the turbogenerator units (N) start to generate electric power upon the water head between the water levels in the reservoir A and the reservoir B reaches the minimum design productive head; when the tide reaches the maximum tidal level, the inlet gate (4) of the reservoir A is closed, and the turbogenerator units (N) keep on generating electric power in virtue of the water head between the reservoir A and the reservoir B, whilst the water level rises in reservoir B and falls in reservoir A; when the water level in reservoir B is higher than the tidal fall, the outlet gate (5) of reservoir B is open , and the water level in reservoir B drops so that the turbogenerator units (N) are capable of generating electric power till the start of the next cycle of ebb and flow.

Description

Tidal power station and power generation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a hydroelectric generating apparatus and a power generating method, and more particularly to a device utilizing tidal power generation and a tidal power generating method.

Background technique

The development of tidal energy has a history of half a century. The traditional tidal energy development is to use the bay to build a dam at its mouth. This type of bay-type single-tidal tidal power station has shortcomings such as short power generation time, poor power quality, and high unit cost. Therefore, the French Longs tidal power station, which was built only in the 60s-80s in the world, has installed 200,000 kw; Power station, installed capacity 3000kw; Canada Annapolis and other three, after the end of the 20th century, there is no tree, the reasons, first, economic, second, the controllability of power quality, and third, the Gulf can develop tidal energy resources The limitations of this are not yet of market development value. After entering the 21st century, due to the impact of the oil crisis and the pressure of carbon dioxide emission reduction, tidal energy can be once again regarded as a clean and renewable energy source in the world. South Korea has invested heavily in building the total installed capacity from 2004. The frog lake tidal power station in lOOOMw is just an example. The first phase of the power station project of 260Mw can be completed and put into operation in 2008. At present, countries such as the United Kingdom, the Philippines, the United States and other resources are actively preparing for it. However, the three major problems of economics, controllability of power quality and limitations of resources in the development of tidal power stations will remain the constraints of large-scale development of tidal energy.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies and to provide a new tidal energy development mode and a universal working condition tidal power station using tidal energy for seawater tidal power generation.

The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution, the new tidal energy development mode, which is to synthesize A and B reservoirs by using a dike method in a shallow or shallow sea, and correspondingly on the dike In the A and B banks, there are inlet gates and outlet gates, and hydroelectric generating sets with favorable water level difference for power generation are installed on the banks between the A and B banks. When the tide drops to the lowest tide level, the corresponding The outlet gate of the B library is closed, waiting for the high tide; when the tide rises, the inlet of the A reservoir opens the water, and the water level reaches the difference between the water level of the B bank and the A reservoir to the minimum design head difference of the power generation, the hydroelectric generating unit begins. Power generation; When the tide of the day rises to the highest tide level, the A reservoir inlet gate is closed, and the hydro-generator unit uses the water level difference between the A and B reservoirs to continue power generation; at this time, the water level of the B reservoir rises and the water level of the A reservoir decreases; When the water level is lower than the B reservoir level, the water in the B reservoir is drained, so that the water level in the B reservoir is reduced to the lowest tide level with the ebb tide, and the hydroelectric generating unit can continue. Power generation until the high tide enters the next cycle.

The method is to synthesize A and B reservoirs by using dikes combined with natural sea tops on shallow sea beaches, where A is the upper reservoir and B is the lower reservoir; it uses the tidal range of the astronomical tide fluctuations, through the A library. The inlet gate of the inlet gate, the ordered control of the outlet of the B reservoir outlet gate, and the water level difference that can be controlled by the AB reservoir for power generation; the hydro-generator set installed between the AB reservoirs can be used as a grid-based base station or as a grid. In the peaking power station, it is also possible to arbitrarily select a combination of required power generation operating conditions between the above two operating conditions.

A versatile working condition tidal power station, which comprises a large-area reservoir pool separated from the sea by a dike in a shallow or shallow sea, and the middle of the reservoir is partitioned into a relatively independent water storage by a bank The A and B banks, the A and B reservoirs are respectively provided with at least one intake gate and one outlet gate on the dike facing the sea, and at least one utilization is constructed on the dike between the A and B reservoirs. A hydroelectric generating unit that generates electricity by water level difference.

The dike is enclosed by a masonry dam, and the inlet gate and the outlet gate corresponding to the A and B reservoirs are respectively composed of a gate frame, a guide groove and a gate.

A unidirectional tubular turbine generator set is installed on the bank between the A bank and the B bank, and becomes a component of the bank

The A library is an upper storage, and the corresponding dike is provided with a water inlet gate, the B library is a lower storage, and the corresponding dike is provided with a water outlet gate, and the A library is also provided with a lifting Water equipment.

The invention changes the traditional development and operation mode of the tidal energy power station, and makes the development of tidal energy from the bay to the shallow sea become a reality, and expands the total amount of tidal energy resources that can be developed more than five times, so that the economics and power quality of the tidal energy development can be The scalability of control and resource development has market development value, which helps to alleviate the full energy demand and the pressure of carbon dioxide emission reduction.

The invention has the following characteristics: First, the controllability of the power quality: According to the configuration of the AB library water volume adjustment capacity and the unit capacity, a plurality of power generation operating conditions can be combined; the power generation time is the longest, and the installed capacity is the smallest, and the unit The utilization time of kilowatt-day can be up to 24 hours; the power quality is the best, the peak-load energy is the most, the corresponding installed capacity is increased, and the power generation utilization time is reduced, which can replace the peak-shaving function of the energy storage power station; between the above two working conditions, It is also possible to combine the best configuration conditions of the economic benefits of the power station; the A and B reservoirs of the tidal power station can configure the ratio and installed capacity of the A and B reservoirs according to different needs, so that the power quality of the tidal power station can meet the grid load. Claim.

Second, the economics of cost: Since the tidal power station is a low-head large-diameter tubular turbine and requires special steel and special paint protection, the electromechanical equipment is the main investment body of the tidal power station, accounting for 60% of the investment in the conventional tidal power station. Above; the power generation utilization hours of the AB tidal power station is 2-3 times that of the traditional tidal power generation, the same amount of resources The installed capacity can be reduced by more than 50% compared with the traditional single-tidal tidal power station, which can greatly reduce the cost of unit energy investment, and its economy is obvious.

The third is the expansion of resources: Taking Zhejiang as an example, according to the results of the national marine census in the 1970s, the coastal sea area of -20.0m above the coast of Zhejiang Province is 4851.4 square kilometers, and the total installed capacity of tidal energy can be developed to 891.39 million kw. 26.69 billion kwh, the exploitable resources are confined to the Gulf. The site selected by the present invention is not bound by the bay, and the station can be built in the shallow sea. The coastal shallow coastal water resources of Zhejiang are abundant. According to the national coastal zone survey data in 1985, the shallow sea area (including the bay) above the -20.0M contour line is 24,286, 9 square kilometers; the tidal energy reserves that can be developed are the total amount of the original census data. Five times the total amount of this resource is also 5.5 times the total amount of land-based hydropower resources in Zhejiang Province. Therefore, the AB-tidal power station has a strong resource expansion.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the characteristics of long power generation time, low unit power cost, strong controllability of power quality, wide application area and high comprehensive development rate of resources. It not only highlights its commercial development value, but also enables the Chaoshan to develop a traditional concept of breaking through the Gulf resources and facing a huge shallow sea tide, which can help alleviate global energy demand and CO2 emission reduction pressure, and its social, economic and environmental benefits. inestimable.

DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: The novel tidal energy development mode of the present invention is to synthesize A and B reservoirs in a shallow or shallow sea by a dike method, and correspondingly on the dike In the A and B banks, there are inlet gates and outlet gates, and hydroelectric generating sets with favorable water level difference for power generation are installed on the banks between the A and B banks. When the tide drops to the lowest tide level, the corresponding The outlet gate of the B library is closed, waiting for the high tide; when the tide rises, the A reservoir inlet gate opens the water inlet, and the water level reaches the difference between the water level of the B bank and the A reservoir to the minimum design head difference of the power generation, the hydroelectric generating unit begins. Power generation; When the tide of the day rises to the highest tide level, the A reservoir inlet gate is closed, and the hydro-generator unit uses the water level difference between the A and B reservoirs to continue power generation; at this time, the water level of the B reservoir rises and the water level of the A reservoir decreases; Below the water level of the B reservoir, the B reservoir opens the drain and drains, so that the water level of the B reservoir decreases to the lowest tide level with the ebb tide, and the hydroelectric generating unit can continue to generate electricity until the high tide enters the next cycle.

The method according to the present invention is to synthesize A and B reservoirs on the shallow sea beach by using the dikes combined with the natural sea topography, wherein the A library is the upper pool and the B library is the lower storage; it utilizes the tide of the astronomical tide fluctuations. Poor, through the water inlet of the A reservoir, the order control of the water outlet of the B reservoir, and the water level difference that can be controlled by the AB library for power generation; the hydro-generator set installed between the AB banks can be used as the grid-based power station It can also be used as a power grid peaking power station, and it can also be used in the above two conditions. A combination of required power generation operating conditions can be arbitrarily selected.

1 is a omnipotent tidal power station according to the present invention, which comprises a large-area reservoir pool 1 separated from the sea by a dike in a shallow or shallow sea, the reservoir 1 In the middle, the bank A is separated into a relatively independent water storage A and B banks, and the A and B reservoirs facing the sea are respectively provided with at least one inlet gate 4 and one outlet gate 5, respectively, in the A bank. At least one hydroelectric generating set 6 that uses the water level difference to generate electricity is built on the bank 2 between the B and the B bank.

The dike 3 is enclosed by a masonry dam, and the inlet gate 4 and the outlet gate 5 corresponding to the A and B reservoirs are respectively composed of a gate frame, a guide groove and a gate. . The dam may be composed, in whole or in part, with a dam or shoreline 7.

A unidirectional tubular turbine generator unit 6 is installed on the bank 2 between the A and B banks and is a component of the bank. The banks may be made manually or may be formed naturally in whole or in part.

The A library is an upper storage, and the corresponding dike is provided with a water inlet gate, the B library is a lower storage, and the corresponding dike is provided with a water outlet gate, and the A library can also be configured with Water lifting equipment, and converted into pumped storage power generation.

The principle of the A and B reservoir tidal power stations according to the present invention is the same as that of the pumped storage power station, and the difference is that: the AB reservoir tidal power station does not need to pump water, but uses the tidal level difference to flow into the water, and performs the water level difference between the two reservoirs. Control, to achieve the purpose of hydroelectric power generation. Techniques such as one-way tubular hydro-generator sets and their installation and use in accordance with the present invention are within the skill of the art, including gate technology, etc., and are not well described in the present invention.

The implementation is as follows: The site area is selected in the Sanmenwan sea area on the southeast coast of Zhejiang Province. The bay and shallow sea area of the -10m contour line is more than 3,100 square kilometers, of which the Sanmen Bay area is 775 square kilometers, of which the tidal flat area is 295 square meters. Kilometers, the average water depth in the sea area is less than 10 meters.

Tidal characteristic parameters: The tidal fluctuation of the sea area lasted 12 hours and 25 minutes, of which, the high tide was 5 hours and 51 minutes, the low tide was 6 hours and 34 minutes, the maximum tidal range was 7.75 meters, and the average tidal range was 4.25 meters. The average tidal current rate was 0.73m per hour. The average tide ebbing speed is 0.65 meters per hour. The effective design tidal range in the planning stage is 4.0 meters.

Power generation characteristics index: In order to simplify the analysis and calculation of complex tidal power generation characteristics, the equivalent water area comparison method is adopted. In this analysis and calculation, the sea area is 210 square kilometers, and the absolute tidal range is 4.0m.

The original single-bank conventional tidal power station design: single-story area of 210 square kilometers, the highest water level of 4.0 meters, the minimum water level corresponding adjustment capacity of 525 million cubic meters, the minimum head of the power generation 1.5m maximum head according to the ebb tide rate and power generation water level joint calculation; design installed The capacity is 400,000kw installed, the water generation capacity per hour is 120 million cubic meters, the water level drop rate of the reservoir is 0.571; the ebb tide rate is 0.605m, the starting water generation head 1.5mX1.07 ebb tide rate ratio, the actual power generation water consumption 4.6 Billion cubic meters, power generation capacity of 1.64 million degrees, annual power generation hours of 2993 hours.

The design of the AB library tidal power station of the present invention: The total area of the AB library is 210 square kilometers, wherein the area of the A library is 110 square kilometers, the area of the B library is 100 square kilometers, and the capacity of the comprehensive equipment is 200,000 kw. According to the adjustment calculation, the highest water level in the A library is 4.0mi, and the lowest water level is 2.02m; the lowest water level in the B library is 0.0m, and the highest water level is 2.0m. The tidal level outside the reservoir rose to 1.7m, and the B reservoir level was 0.0m, and power generation began. The high tide to 4.0m unit generation time is 3.35 hours. The unit began to generate electricity for 1.0 hour, and the water level of the A reservoir was reduced to 3.53m. The water level of the B reservoir was increased to 2.00m and the power generation was stopped. When the tide level outside the reservoir was retreated to 2.00m, the required ebb tide time was 2.68 hours, and the power station downtime was 1.68 hours. From 2.0m to 0.0m, there are still 3.28 hours; the actual power generation time of the unit in the ebb tide process is 4.28 hours; the total tide generation time is 7.63 hours, the power generation per tidal is 15.26 million kw, and the annual power generation is 5570 hours.

From the comparison of the above examples, the AB reservoir tidal power station has the following several advantages: First, the unit power cost can be greatly reduced. The installed capacity of the AB library tidal power station is 50% of the installed capacity of the traditional single-tidal tidal power station. The installed hours can be increased by 86.1%, the effective utilization rate of tidal energy resources can be reduced by 7%, and the investment in electromechanical equipment can be reduced by 100%. Since the electromechanical investment in China's Chaoshan Power Station is generally greater than that of civil construction, the unit power of conventional tidal power stations is high. However, the B-ku tidal power station can reduce the mechanical and electrical investment by 50%, so that the unit energy investment index can be better than the indicators of the conventional tidal power station. Second, the comprehensive utilization of resources in the reservoir area is superior to the conventional single-chassis tidal power station. At present, the development of tidal power stations pays attention to the development and utilization of aquaculture and tourism resources in the reservoir area to improve comprehensive benefits. In addition to the above comprehensive development and utilization, the AB reservoir tidal power station has a maximum water level of 2.0 m lower than the highest astronomical tide, which is 2.0 m lower than the highest water level of the traditional tidal power station reservoir. The tidal flats with a height difference of 2.0m along the gulf of the Baku area are exposed to the surface of the water and become a land for agro-ecological development. This valuable land resource will completely change the production conditions and living environment of the residents of the B-ku, and its social benefits are enormous. The third is to change the traditional concept of poor power quality in Chaoshan Power Station. Because the AB reservoir tidal power station has good adjustability, the same reservoir use area can determine the total installed capacity according to the grid power load requirements. The larger the installed capacity, the stronger the peak capacity. , so that the AB library tidal power station also has a network power peaking function.

The invention belongs to a new tidal power generation method. Since the tidal power generation technology has been quite mature, the installation of equipment such as a hydroelectric generating set is a conventional technical means, so those skilled in the art understand the basis of the present invention. The present invention can be easily implemented by combining common knowledge and related art.

Claims

Claim

1. A tidal power generation method, which is constructed by using a dike method in a shallow or shallow sea, and a B reservoir, and an inlet gate and a water outlet gate are arranged on the dike corresponding to the A and B banks. Install a hydroelectric generating unit with favorable water level difference for generating electricity on the bank between the A and B banks. When the tide drops to the lowest tide level, the water gate corresponding to the B bank is closed, waiting for the high tide; When the water inlet of the A reservoir opens the water inlet and the water level reaches the water level difference between the B bank and the A reservoir to the minimum design head difference of the power generation, the hydroelectric generating unit starts to generate electricity; when the day tide rises to the highest tide level, the A reservoir water When the gate is closed, the hydro-generator unit uses the water level difference between the A and B reservoirs to continue power generation; at this time, the water level of the B reservoir rises and the water level of the A reservoir decreases; when the tide level of the ebb tide falls below the water level of the B reservoir, the B reservoir opens the drain, The water level of the B reservoir is reduced to the lowest tide level with the ebb tide, and the hydroelectric generating unit can continue to generate electricity until the high tide enters the next cycle.

2. The tidal power generation method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises: synthesizing A and B reservoirs by using a dike in combination with a natural sea area on a shallow sea beach, wherein the A library is an upper library, and the B library is The lower pool; it utilizes the tidal range of the astronomical tide fluctuations, the water inflow through the A reservoir inlet gate, the ordered control of the water outlet of the B reservoir outlet gate, and the power level difference controlled by the AB reservoir for power generation; installed between the AB reservoirs The hydroelectric generating unit can be used as a grid-based power station or as a power grid-regulating power station. It is also possible to arbitrarily select a combination of required power-generating operating conditions between the above two operating conditions.

3. A universal tidal power station, characterized in that the power station comprises a levee or shallow sea dike (3) surrounding a large-area reservoir pond (1) isolated from the sea, the water storage The middle of the pool (1) is divided into the A and B reservoirs of the relatively independent water storage by the bank (2), and at least one inlet gate is respectively arranged on the dikes facing the sea of the A and B reservoirs.

(4) and a water gate (5), and at least one hydroelectric generating unit (6) that uses the water level difference to generate electricity is built on the bank between the A and B banks.

4. The universal tidal power station according to claim 3, characterized in that the levee (3) is enclosed by a masonry dam, corresponding to the inlet gates provided on the A and B banks. 4) and the water gate (5) are composed of a gate frame, a guide groove and a gate, respectively, and can be controlled.

5. The universal tidal power station according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that a unidirectional tubular flow turbine generator set (6) is installed on the bank (2) between the A and B banks. And become part of the bank

6. The universal tidal power station according to claim 5, wherein the A library is an upper storage, and the corresponding dike (3) is provided with an intake gate (4), and the B library is The reservoir, the corresponding dike (3) is provided with a water outlet gate (5), and the A library is also provided with a water lifting device.