WO2009058138A1 - Alimentation en mode commuté selon la température - Google Patents

Alimentation en mode commuté selon la température Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009058138A1
WO2009058138A1 PCT/US2007/083137 US2007083137W WO2009058138A1 WO 2009058138 A1 WO2009058138 A1 WO 2009058138A1 US 2007083137 W US2007083137 W US 2007083137W WO 2009058138 A1 WO2009058138 A1 WO 2009058138A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power supply
stage
temperature
leakage current
threshold
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2007/083137
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Eric Hirsch
Yu Jin Kang
Joo Chan Kim
Kyung Ho Lee
Douglas D. Lopata
Paul Richard Malam
Mandell Mangahas
Paul Rabbetts
Original Assignee
Agere Systems Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agere Systems Inc. filed Critical Agere Systems Inc.
Priority to PCT/US2007/083137 priority Critical patent/WO2009058138A1/fr
Publication of WO2009058138A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009058138A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/005—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting using a power saving mode
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to adaptive power supply voltage regulation for integrated circuits to control leakage current.
  • IDDQ leakage current also known as quiescent Idd or quiescent power-supply current
  • quiescent Idd or quiescent power-supply current refers to the steady-state current (current when all switching transients have settled) from the power supply to the CMOS circuitry, which, for the ideal case, should be zero static current.
  • Leakage current in a defect-free circuit should be negligible, but a defect, such as a gate-oxide short circuit or a short circuit between metal lines, forms a conduction path from the power supply to ground that causes the circuit to dissipate relatively high current as leakage current. As geometry is reduced, the likelihood and number of such defects increases, causing an undesirable increase in IDDQ leakage current.
  • IDDQ leakage current varies with varying temperature of i) the IC and ii) the corresponding power source that drives the IC.
  • the leakage current drift when temperature increases from 25 C to 60 C is approximately 2-4 times increase in leakage current.
  • Leakage current drift in an IC translates into battery current drift for a battery power source supplying power to the IC. Excessive battery current drift shortens battery life, which is undesirable for applications such as mobile phones or other common portable consumer electronics products.
  • SMPS switched-mode power supply
  • LDOs low drop-out linear regulators
  • An SMPS is an electronic power supply unit (PSU) that incorporates a switching regulator, which is an internal control circuit with rapidly- switched power transistors (such as MOSFETs), employed to stabilize the output voltage or current.
  • PSU electronic power supply unit
  • MOSFETs rapidly- switched power transistors
  • SMPSs may be used as replacements for linear regulators when higher efficiency, lower loss through heat, and smaller size are required.
  • SMPSs have low power factors when compared to LDOs, and so a given design typically employs two-stage power/voltage regulation to obtain the benefits of both SMPSs and LDOs.
  • the present invention allows for control of leakage current supplied from a power supply by monitoring a temperature of the power supply; generating an enable signal indicating whether the temperature of the power supply has reached a threshold, wherein the threshold is based on a temperature related to the leakage current supplied from the power supply to at least one of a voltage regulator and core circuitry; and coupling, based upon the enable signal, the power supply to the core circuitry either through i) a first stage and a second stage of the voltage regulator if the temperature of the power supply has reached the threshold or ii) through the second stage of the voltage regulator bypassing the first stage.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • temperature sensing is employed within a device to enable one or more modes of operation of a switched-mode power supply (SMPS) coupled between i) core circuitry of, for example, an integrated circuit (IC) and ii) a power source when threshold temperatures corresponding to the modes of operation are detected.
  • SMPS switched-mode power supply
  • a temperature-enabled SMPS might provide the advantage of reducing overall temperature drift of the IC device's standby current, providing a corresponding increase in power supply efficiency of, for example, a battery used to power the IC in a mobile phone, laptop computer, music player, gps, radio receiver, or other types of consumer electronics devices incorporating battery power.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • System 100 includes core circuitry 101, power supply 102, voltage regulator 103, and temperature detector 104.
  • Core circuitry 101 might be included in an IC and might comprise CMOS-based circuitry having temperature-varying IDDQ leakage current that leads to varying quiescent battery current. While the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described for CMOS-based circuitry, the present invention is not so limited and might be applied to other types of semiconductor devices with temperature-varying leakage current.
  • Power supply 102 comprises battery 110 and temperature sensor 111.
  • Battery 110 supplies power with output voltage V bat - Temperature sensor 111, which might be implemented with a thermistor, provides output signal S Temp , which might be the voltage across, or current through, the thermistor, that indicates a relative temperature of battery 110, IC core circuitry 101, and/or system 100.
  • Voltage regulator 103 comprises switch 120, switched-mode power supply (SMPS) 121, and low drop-out linear regulator (LDO) 122.
  • Switch 120 based on signal EN, applies either the battery voltage V bat or output voltage V SMPS from SMPS 121 to LDO 122.
  • SMPS 121 converts voltage V bat of battery 110 to output voltage V SMPS - LDO 122, in turn, regulates either i) the battery voltage V bat or ii) the output voltage V SMPS SO as to provide output voltage V LDO that is employed to drive, for example, CMOS-based circuitry at voltage node Vic ⁇ re of core circuitry 101. While a single LDO 122 is shown in FIG. 1, one skilled in the art will realize that one or more LDOs might typically be employed in a given implementation, and, thus, LDO 122 of FIG. 1 represents a function that might be spread over many similar devices.
  • Temperature detector 104 comprises signal detector 130, which might be an analog-to- digital converter (ADC), and logic 131.
  • Signal detector 130 receives signal S Temp and samples the signal to provide a sampled, quantized signal S T e mP [n].
  • Logic 131 compares the signal S T e mP [n] to a specified threshold value, TH, and based on this comparison generates switch-enable signal EN when the threshold value TH is reached (e.g., when the threshold TH is met or exceeded). While the present invention is described with respect to comparison of the signal S Temp [n] to a single threshold, the present invention might be extended to generate multiple enable signals based on multiple thresholds for control of, for example, multiple SMPSs. In addition, while the described exemplary embodiment shows sampling of the signal S TemP and comparison to one or more thresholds in the digital domain, other implementations might simply use comparators in the analog domain to provide threshold-crossing information.
  • core circuitry 101 is inactive and, for example, the temperature of battery 110 is approximately ambient or room temperature, around 25° C.
  • switch 120 is in bypass mode (switch 120 is in position "1" and conducts so as to bypass SMPS 121).
  • Battery voltage, V bat is applied to the LDO 122 that regulates the voltage V bat to V LDO - Voltage V LDO , in turn, is applied to the ICs power supply rails as Vic ⁇ re to power core circuitry 101.
  • SMPS 121 is bypassed when system 100 is in low-power standby mode (when the circuitry is in an inactive mode) because, although less efficient with respect to power transfer, in standby mode, using LDO 122 to regulate power supply voltage is beneficial since current drawn by core circuitry 101 is negligible when not in operation, but SMPS 121, which might typically be implemented in CMOS technology, might typically exhibit relatively large IDDQ leakage current. Thus, in bypass mode, SMPS 121 is not coupled to, and does not draw IDDQ leakage current from, battery 110. For one exemplary implementation, IDDQ leakage current of an SMPS might be on the order of 400 ⁇ A.
  • the threshold temperature selected to switch from bypass to active modes might be influenced by several factors including conversion of i) current delivered at voltage node Vic ⁇ re to drive the ICs core circuitry 101 to ii) battery current delivered at voltage node V bat of battery 110. Such conversion occurs with differing relative efficiency of SMPS 121 when compared to relative efficiency of LDO 122. Such conversion might be a factor since conversion by SMPS 121 is more efficient than conversion by LDO 122, yielding lower loss through heat and, consequently, less overhead current drawn at battery 110.
  • circuits including possible implementation as a single integrated circuit, a multi-chip module, a single card, or a multi-card circuit pack
  • the present invention is not so limited.
  • various functions of circuit elements may also be implemented as processing blocks in a software program.
  • Such software may be employed in, for example, a digital signal processor, micro-controller, or general purpose computer.
  • the present invention can be embodied in the form of methods and apparatuses for practicing those methods.
  • the present invention can also be embodied in the form of program code embodied in tangible media, such as magnetic recording media, optical recording media, solid state memory, floppy diskettes, CD-ROMs, hard drives, or any other machine-readable storage medium, wherein, when the program code is loaded into and executed by a machine, such as a computer, the machine becomes an apparatus for practicing the invention.
  • the present invention can also be embodied in the form of program code, for example, whether stored in a storage medium, loaded into and/or executed by a machine, or transmitted over some transmission medium or carrier, such as over electrical wiring or cabling, through fiber optics, or via electromagnetic radiation, wherein, when the program code is loaded into and executed by a machine, such as a computer, the machine becomes an apparatus for practicing the invention.
  • the program code segments When implemented on a general-purpose processor, the program code segments combine with the processor to provide a unique device that operates analogously to specific logic circuits.
  • the present invention can also be embodied in the form of a bitstream or other sequence of signal values electrically or optically transmitted through a medium, stored magnetic -field variations in a magnetic recording medium, etc., generated using a method and/or an apparatus of the present invention.
  • Couple means "couple,” “coupling,” “coupled,”
  • connection refers to any manner known in the art or later developed in which energy is allowed to be transferred between two or more elements, and the interposition of one or more additional elements is contemplated, although not required. Conversely, the terms “directly coupled,” “directly connected,” etc., imply the absence of such additional elements.
  • Signals and corresponding nodes or ports may be referred to by the same name and are interchangeable for purposes here.

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur une détection de température employée dans un dispositif pour permettre un ou plusieurs modes d'une alimentation en mode commuté (SMPS) couplée entre un circuit intégré (CI) et une source d'énergie lorsque des températures de seuil correspondantes sont détectées. Une alimentation en mode commuté à température régulée pourrait fournir l'avantage de réduire la dérive de température globale du courant d'attente du dispositif CI, fournissant une augmentation correspondante de l'efficacité d'alimentation électrique d'une batterie utilisée pour alimenter le CI dans un téléphone mobile, par exemple. Durant un mode de veille basse puissance, l'alimentation en mode commuté est désactivée et la source d'énergie est directement couplée à un régulateur de tension qui entraîne les circuits centraux du circuit intégré du dispositif. Lorsque le dispositif passe en un mode actif, le signal provenant d'un capteur de température incorporé dans l'alimentation électrique est surveillé et, lorsqu'un seuil est atteint, l'alimentation en mode commuté est activée et couplée à un régulateur de tension qui entraîne les circuits centraux du circuit intégré du dispositif. La mesure de température permet une régulation de la sortie d'alimentation électrique utilisée pour entraîner l'alimentation en mode commuté et les circuits centraux du CI du dispositif de façon à réduire les effets d'un courant de fuite variant avec la température, par exemple.
PCT/US2007/083137 2007-10-31 2007-10-31 Alimentation en mode commuté selon la température WO2009058138A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2007/083137 WO2009058138A1 (fr) 2007-10-31 2007-10-31 Alimentation en mode commuté selon la température

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2007/083137 WO2009058138A1 (fr) 2007-10-31 2007-10-31 Alimentation en mode commuté selon la température

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009058138A1 true WO2009058138A1 (fr) 2009-05-07

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WO (1) WO2009058138A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014204511A (ja) * 2013-04-02 2014-10-27 オムロン株式会社 センサ装置およびモニタリングシステム
US8963620B2 (en) 2013-07-23 2015-02-24 International Business Machines Corporation Controlling circuit voltage and frequency based upon location-dependent temperature
EP2437385A3 (fr) * 2010-09-30 2015-06-03 Nxp B.V. Circuit d'alimentation électrique et procédé d'exploitation d'un circuit d'alimentation électrique
WO2016130999A3 (fr) * 2015-02-15 2016-11-17 Skyworks Solutions, Inc. Convertisseur survolteur possédant une entrée de tension d'alimentation à réduction de tension

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2310570A (en) * 1996-02-21 1997-08-27 Motorola Israel Ltd Subscriber unit with power supply operable in linear and switched modes; portable radio data packet modem
US20010022513A1 (en) * 2000-03-17 2001-09-20 Erkki Nokkonen Method and device for decreasing the voltage over a dissipation-type voltage regulator
DE10149282A1 (de) * 2001-10-05 2003-04-24 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer Versorgungsspannung in einem Kraftfahrzeug

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2310570A (en) * 1996-02-21 1997-08-27 Motorola Israel Ltd Subscriber unit with power supply operable in linear and switched modes; portable radio data packet modem
US20010022513A1 (en) * 2000-03-17 2001-09-20 Erkki Nokkonen Method and device for decreasing the voltage over a dissipation-type voltage regulator
DE10149282A1 (de) * 2001-10-05 2003-04-24 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer Versorgungsspannung in einem Kraftfahrzeug

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2437385A3 (fr) * 2010-09-30 2015-06-03 Nxp B.V. Circuit d'alimentation électrique et procédé d'exploitation d'un circuit d'alimentation électrique
JP2014204511A (ja) * 2013-04-02 2014-10-27 オムロン株式会社 センサ装置およびモニタリングシステム
EP2983269A4 (fr) * 2013-04-02 2017-03-08 Omron Corporation Dispositif de capteur et système de surveillance
US9787181B2 (en) 2013-04-02 2017-10-10 Omron Corporation Sensor device and monitoring system
US8963620B2 (en) 2013-07-23 2015-02-24 International Business Machines Corporation Controlling circuit voltage and frequency based upon location-dependent temperature
WO2016130999A3 (fr) * 2015-02-15 2016-11-17 Skyworks Solutions, Inc. Convertisseur survolteur possédant une entrée de tension d'alimentation à réduction de tension

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