WO2009056816A9 - Système de chauffage régénérateur - Google Patents

Système de chauffage régénérateur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009056816A9
WO2009056816A9 PCT/GB2008/003649 GB2008003649W WO2009056816A9 WO 2009056816 A9 WO2009056816 A9 WO 2009056816A9 GB 2008003649 W GB2008003649 W GB 2008003649W WO 2009056816 A9 WO2009056816 A9 WO 2009056816A9
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heated water
pipe
water
return
flow
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2008/003649
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English (en)
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WO2009056816A1 (fr
Inventor
Edward Guy
Original Assignee
Edward Guy
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Publication date
Application filed by Edward Guy filed Critical Edward Guy
Publication of WO2009056816A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009056816A1/fr
Publication of WO2009056816A9 publication Critical patent/WO2009056816A9/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/0078—Recirculation systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/0078—Recirculation systems
    • F24D17/0084—Coaxial tubings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/08—Hot-water central heating systems in combination with systems for domestic hot-water supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/14—Solar energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a heating system for a building in which heat transfer fluid, generally water, is heated by a boiler and supplied to radiators, domestic hot water storage vessels and other heat dispensing devices through pipe circuits which return fluid, not only to the boiler but also to a storage vessel, for recycling.
  • heat transfer fluid generally water
  • Modern heating circuits generally comprise at least one pump, usually electrically driven, to provide forced circulation of fluid through the pipes.
  • the need to provide such a pump increases the cost of the installation and increases the power
  • thermo-siphon (unforced) systems of this nature can only work satisfactorily if the radiators are at a much higher vertical level than the boiler. If the radiators are at or near the same level as the boiler, or below it, cooling of the fluid by the radiators causes a pressure difference between the inlet and outlet pipes extending above the radiator which opposes and cancels the pressure difference generated by the boiler.
  • thermo-siphon room heating system necessitated the use of large bulky pipes and radiators to circulate large volumes of water around the system making it unsuitable for smaller family homes and restricting its use to larger and taller buildings.
  • the present invention is intended to provide a heating system of variable output, using regenerative heating principles instead of a pump to provide circulation, while using similar size pipes and radiators as used in present pump driven systems, and in which the radiators or other heat dispensing devices may be at the same level as, or even below, the boiler.
  • the present invention is intended to also provide hot water for immediate use at a tap by using the regenerative principles as described herein.
  • a system using regenerative heat exchange devices to create drculation of heated water in closed drcuits comprising a hot water storage tank containing a sealed heating coil fed by heated water from a boiler, a downwardly extending feed line to the water storage tank, a co-axial return annulus formed by a feed line to the tank and a return pipe to the tank for returning pre-heated water previously circulated to a connection adjacent to a closed tap, an upwardly extending supply pipe from the storage tank connecting with a horizontally extending regenerative heat exchange device comprising separate supply and return channels of the circuit for circulation of pre-heated water to and from a closed tap, a downwardly extending regenerative heat exchange device comprising separate supply and return channels to enable contra-f low circulation of pre-heated water from the closed tap position back to the tank for recycling via the coaxial return annulus.
  • Different types of separate supply and return channels for the regenerative device may be arranged as described herein.
  • the heat dispenser or other heat exchange means may be positioned below or level with the boiler and may comprise a radiator, a coil for indirect heating of water in a tank or other devices intended to discharge heat.
  • a heat sink such as a radiator or coil for indirect heating of water may be provided for withdrawing heat from the return pipe at a point between the downwardly extending part of the boiler.
  • the regenerative system can comprise a circuit, which, with tap(s) closed, is a 'closed- loop', enabling pre heated water to circulate around the system, but once a tap is opened to atmosphere it then converts to a 'open circuit', allowing pre-heated water to flow immediately from the open tap(s).
  • the water being discharged from the tap(s) uses channels previously used to circulate pre heated water between the storage tank and the closed tap(s) position.
  • the regenerative system can also provide comfortable, non-fluctuating, room temperatures in single storey buildings using regenerative principles of circulation, as described herein, while using the same conventional low water content panel type radiators connected to extended horizontal pipe runs as used in pump driven systems, with mains heights of below 4m .
  • thermo-siphon type systems In older thermo-siphon type systems the horizontal mains usually provided a neutral gravity effect whereas incorporation of regenerative effects using separate adjacent supply and return channels provides a beneficial circulatory effect in horizontal mains at any height.
  • the regenerative heating system described herein can be driven by any source of energy, whether it be of a fossil or non-fossil type fuel, including solar.
  • Boilers of simple design, like wood burning appliances, with thermostatic controls will be preferable for use with the regenerative system described herein in preference to the more complicated pump driven boilers, however, they may also be used if desired but, their use will override the natural effects of regenerative circulation.
  • Solar heat collectors and solar photovoltaic panels may be used in known manner to provide heat to domestic water systems and to provide a source of electricity for domestic use.
  • a combination of collector and photovoltaic panels may be used as described herein to drive regenerative circuits for supplying heat and electricity for instant use in buildings or for the purpose of storing heat during summer months for use during winter months.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically a heating system for a single storey building
  • Figs. 2, 4 and 6 show schematically heat exchanger's for use in the system of Fig 1 ,
  • Fig. 3 and Figs 7 and 8 show alternative cross-sections of the exchanger's of Figs. 2, 4 and 6 respectively,
  • Fig. 9 shows a heating system in a two storey house
  • Fig. 10 shows another heating system
  • Fig. 11 shows part of the system of Fig. 10,
  • Fig. 12 is a part perspective view of a panel radiator
  • Fig. 13 is a partial horizontal cross-section of the top of the radiator of Fig. 12
  • Fig 14 is a partial cut away perspective view of another and tubular radiator
  • Fig. 15 is a partial horizontal cross-section of the top of the radiator of Fig. 14
  • Fig. 16 is a partial perspective view of another panel radiator
  • Fig. 17 is a partial perspective view of a square tubular radiator
  • Fig.18 is a partial perspective view of another tubular radiator
  • Fig. 19 shows another heating system arrangement
  • Fig. 20 shows, by way of example, a system in which contra-flow circulation within separate adjacent channels or co-axial pipes is used to supply pre-heated water from a storage tank to a closed tap for immediate use, according to the invention
  • Fig 20a shows an extension to the system in Fig 20 to make pre-heated water available to a multiple number of closed taps, according to the invention
  • Figs. 21 and 21a show systems at Figs.20 and 20a when supplying a flow of pre-heated water to one or more open taps, according to the invention
  • Fig. 22 shows another system similar to Fig. 20 with check valves embodied for making pre-heated water available at a closed tap, according to the invention
  • Fig. 22a shows an extension to the system in Fig.22 to make pre-heated water available to a multiple number of closed taps, according to the invention
  • Fig. 23 shows the system at Figs. 22 and 22a when supplying a flow of pre-heated water to one or more open taps, according to the invention
  • Fig. 24 shows another system for making pre-heated water available to more than one closed tap via a manifold device, according to the invention
  • Fig.24a shows a cross section through the manifold device for the system in Fig 24, according to the invention
  • Fig. 25 shows the system at Figs 24 and 24a when supplying a flow of pre-heated water to more than one open tap, according to the invention
  • Fig. 26 shows another system similar to Figs. 24 and 24a wherein it embodies check valves for making pre heated water available at more than one closed tap, according to the invention
  • Fig. 27 shows the system at Fig. 26 when providing a flow of pre-heated water to more than one open tap, according to the invention
  • Figs. 28, 29 and 30 show, by way of example, check valves using a ball and seat method to control circulation and flow of pre-heated water through the systems, according to the invention
  • Fig. 28 shows the positions of ball valves 112 and 113 and the direction of circulation of the pre-heated water when tap 106 is closed, according to the invention
  • Fig. 29 shows the positions of ball valves 112 and 113 and the direction of flow of pre-heated water when tap 106 is open, according to the invention
  • Fig. 30 shows an enlarged view of a ball valve in the open position on its seat allowing circulation of pre-heated water around the ball for tap(s) closed
  • Fig. 31 shows a water storage tank 13a with multiple connections for several water feed lines and several supply and return pipes for the provision of separate circuits, for the systems of the invention. This arrangement provides a choice of circuit
  • Figs. 32, 33, 34 and 35 show a system which uses solar energy to drive a regenerative circuit for the purpose of providing heat to a building either for instant use or for storing heat during summer for later use in winter,
  • Figs 36 and 37 show alternative methods for negotiating a bend or for making connections between horizontal and vertical pipes
  • Fig. 38 shows more than one tap installed in series in a annulus supply line similar to those shown in Figs. 20 to 27 and 34.
  • Figures 1 to 19 do not show the invention.
  • Fig.1 shows a heating circuit in a single storey building comprising a boiler for heating water which is fed from the boiler to feed pipe 2 to a radiator in another room of the building.
  • the water is returned from the radiator 3 to the boiler through return pipe 4.
  • the boiler may be of simple conventional type and the circuit may be provided with an expansion tank and device for replenishing the water in the system in known manner.
  • the feed and return pipes extend upwardly above the boiler and downwardly towards the radiator, which is substantially at the same level as the boiler.
  • the downwardly extending parts 2a and 4a of the feed and return pipes are arranged as a heat exchanger so that heat is transferred from the water in pipe part 2a to the water in return pipe part 4a before the water fed through pipe 2 reaches the radiator.
  • the effect of this heat transfer is to remove or substantially reduce the difference in temperature between the pipe parts 2a and 4a.
  • the difference in water density between these pipe parts, which would otherwise oppose circulation of water through the pipes in the desired direction, is accordingly removed or reduced.
  • Return pipe 4 as shown also has connections to a radiator 5 in conventional manner in the downwardly extending part of pipe 4b.
  • This radiator may be positioned in another room of the building and gives a reduction in the temperature of water returning to the boiler. As the hotter water in part 2b has a less density than the
  • the thermal effect may be adequate to
  • a multiple return drop such as several pipes 4b may provide some assistance to the circulation of water within the system up to a limited extent.
  • a pump or other circulating device can be inserted into the system in known manner, if desired.
  • Figs. 2, 4 and 6 show different types of heat exchange arrangement between parts 2a and 4a of the pipes.
  • the pipe parts 2a and 4a are arranged parallel and both are surrounded by a water-filled jacket 6 so that heat is transferred from part 2a to part 4a through the water in the jacket.
  • the jacket may be supplied with water from an external source, or supplied through orifices 8 (see below).
  • pipe parts 2a and 4a may have the same diameter as the remainder of pipes in the circuit, and resistance to flow of the water through the pipes is not restricted in any way.
  • the heat exchanger may be constructed entirely of standard pipes and fittings and the external water jacket, surrounding pipe parts 2a and 4a completely, gives good heat transfer characteristics. This type of heat exchanger may be used with advantage in factories and offices where bulk is not a problem and in which the pipes of the heating circuit are commonly in enclosed ducts.
  • Figs. 4 and 5 show an alternative type of heat exchanger in which part 4a is surrounded by a coaxial part 2a. This arrangement is less bulky than that of Fig. 2, a high wetted area of heat exchange is still obtained and standard pipe components may again be used. In this arrangement however the resistance to flow through the exchanger may be higher.
  • the parts 2a and 4a together form a single pipe.
  • the single pipe is divided by partition 7 through which heat is conducted, partition 7 dividing the pipe into pipe parts 2a and 4a.
  • the cross section of the single pipe shown is circular but may be square.
  • the Fig.8 arrangement has a greater area available for heat transfer than the Fig. 7 arrangement.
  • the heat exchanger's shown in Figs. 2, 4 and 6 can be constructed from tubing other than having a round cross section. For instance a square cross section can be used.
  • the materials used for components through which heat passes should be good heat conductors and it is preferable for the outer surfaces of the heat exchanger to be insulating. This may be achieved by making all internal components of copper, generally copper standard pipe, and by lagging the external surfaces. Alternatively, insulating materials may be used for the external surfaces.
  • Fig.9 shows diagrammatically a possible arrangement for a three storey house.
  • the water is impelled around the piping circuit by the temperature difference in the feed and return pipes leading upwardly from the boiler and the pipes extending downwardly down to radiators 10 and 11 are provided with heat exchanger's as described above to cancel the pressure differences opposing the circulation of water.
  • Radiator 12 and tank 13 act as heat sinks on the return pipe. In the arrangement shown the radiators are at floor level but they may alternatively be positioned at ceiling level, the heat being radiated downwardly.
  • Fig. 10 shows another arrangement in which a number of radiators are fed with water by means of a ring main.
  • the boiler 1 supplies hot water through upwardly extending pipe 21 to a horizontal ring main 22 which, as shown in Fig. 11 , comprises
  • the horizontal main may be installed below a floor of a building to be heated, or behind the skirting at floor level.
  • Radiators 27 at substantially the same level as the horizontal main may be of the parallel type in which water is withdrawn from and returned to a continuous pipe and radiator 24, below the level of the horizontal main, is of the series type taking water from the horizontal feed pipe of the ring main and
  • Downwardly extending pipes 25 connected to radiator 24 are also joined by a internal heat- conducting partition 23.
  • pipe 21 from the boiler supplies hot water to the horizontal feed pipe of the ring main and pipe 26 withdraws water from the return pipe of the main to deliver it to the coil of hot water tank 28 acting as a heat sink.
  • Cold water is returned to the boiler by pipe 29 and the water is impelled around the circuit by the temperature difference between pipes 21 and 26 containing hot water and pipe 29 containing colder water.
  • heat exchange takes place not only in pipe 25 but also in the horizontal pipes 22.
  • the horizontal ring main may be at, above or below the level of the boiler and more than one ring main may be installed to heat more than one floor. It is possible to use this system to provide under floor heating.
  • Figs. 12 and 13 show a panel type radiator 30 having vertical exterior walls 31 and 32 and an internal central dividing wall 33 extending from the top 39 of the radiator to a point above the expanded bottom 34 of the radiator so as to provide a downwards flow channel 35 interconnected at bottom 34 to an upwards flow channel 36.
  • a horizontal inlet channel 37 is formed which is connected to the downwards flow channel 35 and alongside channel 37 an outlet channel 38 is formed which is connected to the upwards flow channel 36 in the expanded top 39 of the radiator.
  • Radiator inlet and outlets are connected to the respective channels 37 and 38.
  • Figs. 14 and 15 show a tubular radiator 40 with an upper horizontal tube 41 divided into an outlet and inlet channel by means of a plate 42. Below tube 41 is a lower undivided horizontal tube 43.
  • the horizontal tubes are interconnected with vertical tubes 44 divided by plates 45 so that flow is induced from a radiator inlet 46 in tube 41 down each downwards flow channel 47 into lower tube 43 and up each upwards flow channel 48 to upper tube 41 and radiator outlet 49.
  • radiators are shown in figs.16, 17 and 18. These radiators are designed to provide a more effective heat exchange between radiator inlets and outlets than those in Figs 12 to 14 where only a single divider plate is provided.
  • Fig. 16 shows a radiator 50 with outer walls 51 and 52, an upper expanded portion 53 and a lower expanded portion 54.
  • Two divider plates 55 and 56 are mounted vertically between walls 51 and 52 to define a single upper horizontal channel 53 * which continues into an inner downwards flow channel 57 and two outer outlet channels 53" which continue into outer upwards flow channels 58.
  • a radiator inlet is connected to inlet channel 53' and a radiator outlet is connected to outlet channels 53" either at the same end of the radiator or at the other end of the radiator.
  • Fig.17 shows at 60 a radiator formed from square cross sectional tubing.
  • the upper horizontal tube 61 is divided by plate 62 to provide a horizontal inlet channel 63 and a horizontal outlet channel 64.
  • Outer square vertical tube 65 has an inner coaxial vertical tube 66 which provides a downwards flow channel 67connected to channel 63 and an upwards flow channel 68 connected to channel 64.
  • a radiator inlet and outlet is connected at the same or opposite ends of channels 63 and 64.
  • the radiator has a common undivided horizontal lower tube (not shown) connected to the bottom of vertical tubes 65 and 66 to provide an interconnection between channels 67 and 68.
  • Fig. 18 shows at 70 a radiator formed from circular cross sectional tubing.
  • the connections are similar to those shown in Fig. 17 with an upper horizontal tube 71 divided by a horizontal plate 72 to provide a horizontal inlet channel 73 and a horizontal outlet channel 74.
  • An outer vertical tube 75 has an inner coaxial vertical tube 76 providing a downwards flow channel 77 connected to channel 73 and an upwards flow channel 78 connected to channel 74.
  • a common undivided horizontal lower tube 79 is connected to the bottom tubes 75 and 76.
  • a horizontal plate 80 in tube 79 supports the lower end of tubes 76 and perforations 82 in plate 80 provide interconnections between channels 77 and 78.
  • Fig. 19 shows a possible installation for radiators shown in Figs. 12 to 18 in rooms defined upwardly by ceiling 90 and by floor 91.
  • Vertical panel divided radiator 92 is connected by coaxial heat exchange pipes 93 and 94 to horizontal feed and return mains pipes 89 and 95.
  • Low panel radiator 96 is similarly connected via heat exchange pipe 97 and 98. Either one or both upper corners of radiators 92 and 96 can be connected on each radiator to the feed and return mains.
  • Radiator 99 is a similar radiator to 92 but is connected conventionally to pipes 89 and 95.
  • a boiler 100 is connected by an upwardly extending feed pipe 101 to the feed mains 89 and an upwardly extending return pipe 102 is connected to the return mains 95.
  • 102 may be a single pipe or more than one pipe.
  • Regenerative principles used to provide circulation in heating systems can also be used to supply pre heated domestic water to tap outlets, as shown in figures 20 to 27 and figure 38.
  • a co-axial pipe arrangement (fig 5) is the example shown in these figures for exchanging heat between supply and return channels.
  • other co-axial pipe arrangement (fig 5) is the example shown in these figures for exchanging heat between supply and return channels.
  • Fig. 20 shows a system in which regenerative circulation is used to make pre heated water available at a tap 106 while closed, according to the invention.
  • the circuit comprises a boiler 1 used to heat radiators and also a water storage tank 13 for supplying taps with hot water.
  • the circuit consists of similar
  • the coil 1 a transfers heat from the boiler to the storage tank 13 causing circulation of the pre-heated water through the upwardly extending pipe 104 through the horizontally extending pipe 104a, which, by way of example, is a coaxially arranged part of the horizontally extending heat exchanger formed by pipes 104a and 105a, through to the downwardly extending co-axial pipe part 104b of the downwardly extending heat exchange device to the outlet point 106a adjacent to the closed tap 106, upwardly through the annulus of the heat exchange device formed by pipes 104b and 105b, to the annulus of the horizontally extending heat exchange device formed by pipes 104a and 105a, through pipe part 105c connecting to the upwardly extending annulus between the tank feed pipe 103 and pipe 105 down to the storage tank return point 'a' for re-circulating. Water returning to the tank via the annulus around pipe
  • pipe 103 may pre-heat the feed water to the tank 13, similarly pipe 103 may have a cooling effect on the returning water in the annulus and assist circulation.
  • Fig 20a shows the means by which the system in Fig 20 can supply a multiple number of closed taps with a circulation of pre-heated water by extending pipe 104, and the annulus between pipe 103 and 105.
  • Fig. 21 shows a circuit identical in arrangement to that in Fig. 20, but is used to provide a flow of pre-heated water to an open tap 106 through pipes previously
  • feed water enters tank 13 through pipe 103 at point 'a' impelling pre heated water in tank 13 through both the upwardly extending pipe 104 and the annulus between pipe 103 and pipe 105.
  • the pre-heated water flows upwardly through the vertically extending pipe 104, through the horizontally extending coaxial pipe 104a, which forms part of the horizontally extending heat exchanger, to the downwardly extending pipe 104b, which forms part of the downwardly extending heat exchanger, to the open tap 106 outlet. Simultaneously a flow of pre heated water to tap 106 will occur from point at tank 13 through the upwardly extending annulus between pipe 103 and pipe 105 to the horizontally extending annulus between pipes 104a and 105a, via pipe 105c, to the downwardly extending annulus between pipes 104b and 105b to the tap outlet.
  • the pre-heated water flowing into the annulus from the tank at point f ' will be cooled to some extent on entering the annulus between pipes 103 and 105 by the
  • the amount of cooling will depend on the ratio of the cross sectional areas of the annulus between pipe 103 and pipe 105, and pipe 103, and, possibly, also on the rate of flow of water into the tank; this may, to some extent be controlled at the
  • Fig. 21 a shows the means by which the system shown in Fig 21 can supply a multiple number of open taps with a flow of pre-heated water by extending pipe 104 and the annulus arrangement between pipes 103 and 105.
  • Fig. 22 shows a system which is identical to Figs. 20 and 20a except for the embodiment of check valves 108 in pipe 107, and 109 in pipe 110.
  • Fig 22a shows the means by which a multiple number of closed taps can be supplied with a circulation of pre-heated water by extending the pipes 104 and 107 and the annulus between the pipes 103 and 105 shown in Fig.22.
  • Fig. 23 shows a system which is identical to Fig. 21 except for the inclusion of check valves 108 in pipe 107 and 109 in pipe 110.
  • the ball 112 of check valve 108 (Fig.29), with one or more taps 106 open, is lifted by water flowing into the tank 13 at point 'a' to the open position to ensure water flows through pipe 107 to the open tap(s) via the horizontal annulus between pipes 104a and 105a, and not through the
  • Figs. 24 and 24a show another heating system for circulating pre-heated water as described in Fig.20, but with a manifold device embodied comprising of items 118,119 and 120.
  • Item 118 is a distribution chamber for circulating water from the storage tank13 to a multiple number of closed taps106.
  • Item 119 is a collection chamber for water circulating back from a multiple number of closed taps106 to the storage tank13.
  • Item 120 separates the flow and return circulation chambers.
  • manifold device is shown as square in section but may be round or of any preferred shape.
  • Fig.25 shows a system identical in arrangement to that in Figs.24 and 24a but is used to provide a flow of pre-heated water to open tap(s) 106 through pipes previously used for the drculation of pre-heated water as shown in Fig 24 and 24a.
  • Chamber 118 collects the flow of pre-heated water from pipe 104 and chamber 119 collects the flow of pre-heated water from the annulus between pipes 103 and 105 via pipe 114. Both chambers then distribute the flow of heated water to the open tap(s) 106 via the horizontal pipes 104a and the annulus between pipes 104a and 105a.
  • Fig. 26 shows a heating system identical to that in Fig. 24 except for the inclusion of check valves 108 in pipe 107 and 109 in pipe 110.
  • the function of the check valves 108 and 109 with taps 106 closed is as described for Fig.28, according to the invention.
  • Fig. 27 shows a heating system which is identical in arrangement to Fig. 26 when used for supplying a flow of pre-heated water to more than one open tap106.
  • the function of the check valves 108 and 109 with taps 106 open is as described in Fig.29
  • Fig. 31 shows a type of storage tank that can enable multiple numbers of taps to be individually connected to it to ensure each closed tap will receive uninterrupted circulation of pre-heated water; this will not be the case when sharing a supply line 104 and/or a return annulus in pipe 105.
  • 'a' is the water inlet point to the tank
  • 'b' is a shut/ off /flow control valve
  • 'c' is the system drain point
  • 'd' is a shut-off valve
  • 'e' is possible air venting/expansion position, and is the system's water inlet point at the storage tank.
  • Fig. 28 shows the positions of ball valves 112 and 113, and the direction of water drculation, for taps closed condition.
  • Ball valve 112 is shown in the closed position and ball valve 113 in the open position, according to the invention; (ref Fig. 22).
  • Fig. 29 shows the positions of ball valves 112 and 113, and the direction of water flow for taps open condition.
  • Ball valve 112 is shown in the open position and ball valve 113 in the closed position, according to the invention; (ref Fig.23).
  • Fig.30 shows an enlarged view of ball valve 113 in its open position, ( allowing water to circulate around the ball), when taps are closed; (ref Figs.22, 26).
  • Fig. 31 shows a storage tank 13a suitable for providing several separate supply and return lines for the purpose of, re-circulating pre-heated water between the tank and taps106 when closed, and for supplying a flow of pre-heated water to taps 106 when opened.
  • Individual pipe runs can be arranged for each circuit where the feed line 103 supplying water to the tank will use connections at position 123, the supply pipes 104 for the circuits will use connections at positions 125 and the system return line 105 will use connections at positions 124.
  • Connections shown at 128, connect the coil in the tank to the supply pipe 126 from the boiler and the return pipe 127to the boiler.
  • any Individual pipe run can dispense with the annulus between pipes 103 and 105 if desired by connecting pipe 105c directly to positions 124 and pipe 103 to positions 123 for Figs. 20 and 21 and Figs. 22 and 23.
  • a similar arrangement can be made for Figs 24 to Fig 27 by connecting pipe 114 directly to positions 124 and pipe 103 to positions 123.
  • this arrangement will avoid the cooling effect of pipe 103 on the water in the annulus between pipe 103 and 105, as described in Fig. 21a, it may also remove possible assistance to flow from the heat exchange process between pipe 103 and the annulus between pipe 103 and 105, as described for Fig. 20.
  • a manifold arrangement with or without check valves, can still be used with an annulus type connection to tank 13a, to distribute water to separate taps in individual pipe runs in similar manner to that shown in Figs. 24, 24a and 25, 26, 27.
  • circulation of pre-heated water to closed taps will cease when another tap is opened.
  • Fig. 38 when one tap is open heated water will be available to any one of the closed taps.
  • Fig. 32,33,34 and 35 show diagrammatically a system arrangement for using solar power to drive a regenerative heating system using solar collectors and photovoltaic panels.
  • heat transfer between supply and return channels of the system may be arranged as described in the examples shown in figures 3, 7 and 8 as well as the co-axial arrangement of fig 5, as shown in Fig. 32
  • the circuit diagram shown in Fig. 32 comprises, by way of example, 4 solar collectors 132 and 4 photovoltaic panels 133 for a roof installation which is connected to a regenerative circuit similar to those described in the preceding figures.
  • the circuit can be used to provide heat to a large mass, which could be part of the fabric of the building, and also to a domestic water supply tank similar ,or identical, to 13 or 13a as shown in Fig. 34.
  • the circuit could also be used for under-floor heating in known manner.
  • Heat is circulated up through the solar collectors 132 via pipe 104 to the highest panel and to the horizontally extending pipe 104a, which is part of the horizontally
  • Extending heat exchanger formed by pipe 104a, which, by way of example, is, co- co-axially arranged in pipe 105a
  • pipe 104a connects to a downwardly extending pipe 104b, which is part of the downwardly extending heat exchanger, formed by pipe 104b being co-axially arranged in pipe 105b, to the lowest point 106a (Figs. 32 and 35) for recycling through the annulus formed by pipe 104b and pipe 105b, back to the high horizontally arranged extending annulus of the heat exchanger, formed by pipe 104a and pipe 105a, via pipe 105c to connect with the upwardly extending pipe 105 down to the return inlet of the lowest solar panel at point ⁇ for re-cycling.
  • Additional heat can be generated in the circuit by installing heating elements 134 which are powered by the photovoltaic panels 133. Where it is required to provide assistance for circulation, particularly when the system is required to be used in buildings with more than one storey, a circulation device 135 driven by a
  • photovoltaic panel may be installed. This device can either be installed in parallel, or in series as shown in Figs.32 and 33.
  • Circulation may also be assisted by installing a similar arrangement to that shown in previous circuits by combining a water feed pipe 103 with the return line of the system 105 to form an annulus around pipe 103 to obtain some benefit from the heat exchange process, as described for Fig. 20 and Fig.34.
  • Heat supplied by the system can be stored during summer months for use during cold winter days by storing it in a large mass, possibly in the fabric of the building.
  • the diagram in Fig. 32 shows, by way of example, a section through an interior wall 130 comprised of a heat absorbing mass which divides two rooms, an air gap 131 , insulation lining 129 and air vents 128.
  • the heat to be stored is transferred to the heat absorbing massl 30 from the outer diameter of the downwardly extending heat exchanger which, by way of example, is formed by pipes 104b and 105b.
  • Several heat exchange units can be inserted into the heat absorbing mass to facilitate even distribution of heat to the mass.
  • a high mass at low temperature is capable of supplying or storing as much heat as a low mass of higher temperature. It may also be possible to provide a more even distribution of heat into the mass 130 by means of connecting the outside diameters of each of the vertically extending external pipes 105b of the heat exchanger to good conducting ties which extend horizontally along the mass 130 or, by the use of other heat exchange devices such as those shown in Figs.12 or 14 or 16 to 18.
  • the insulation lining 129 is intended to prevent heat from the mass 130 being transferred to the rooms either side of the mass during the summer days.
  • the thermal gradient across the insulating material should be such as to maintain comfortable room temperatures during summer days. The temperature difference between the mass and the room at a comfortable temperature will determine the thickness of insulation to be used. It is also important for the external walls and Surfaces of the building to be suitably insulated to gain the greatest benefit.
  • the room temperature can be controlled by adjusting the vent 136 opening.
  • An alternative heat store of high mass could be a solid floor with under-floor heating installed in known manner using the principles and methods of the regenerative system as described by this invention.
  • Figs. 36 and 37 show alternative methods of negotiating bends, or making connections, between horizontal and vertical pipe runs.
  • the method shown in Fig. 36 is suitable for pipe material which is more flexible than the usual rigid tubing and has suitable thermal properties.
  • Fig. 37 is most suitable for rigid pipes also with good thermal qualities.
  • Fig. 38 shows a number of taps installed in series in an annulus arrangement similar to the arrangements shown previously in Figs 20 to 27.
  • the figure shows the flow-path with three taps 106 open.
  • the water to the taps will be drawn from the annulus but the flow of water to the taps will be from opposite directions.
  • water flows from the direction of the tank and also from the open end 106a of pipe 104a.
  • This arrangement may ensure a more evenly balanced flow to all taps when opened and can be used to supply a multiple number of taps in hot or cold water supply lines, either from a storage tank or direct from the mains supply.
  • Pre-heated water will circulate around the circuit when all taps are closed (as in systems shown in Figs.
  • heated water will still be available for all the taps shown in Fig. 38, even when a tap is opened.
  • This arrangement may be used with a variety of other different circuits using storage tank 13a, as is described for Fig.31 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de chauffage central dans lequel la gravité et les effets thermiques sont utilisés pour créer une différence de pression afin d'entraîner un fluide chauffé autour d'un circuit. Le circuit comprend une chaudière (1), une pompe de circulation facultative (6), des tuyaux montants d'alimentation et de retour (2b et 4b), et un échangeur thermique à contre-courant formé d'un canal d'alimentation à écoulement descendant (2a) et d'un canal de retour à écoulement ascendant (4a). De préférence, l'échangeur thermique est une construction coaxiale. L'extrémité inférieure de l'échangeur thermique est raccordée à un distributeur thermique (3), qui peut être un radiateur. La présente invention concerne un certain nombre de formes différentes de radiateurs à panneaux ou à tubes séparés pouvant être utilisées pour optimiser les caractéristiques d'écoulement dans le système et intégrer un écoulement similaire induit au moyen d'un canal d'alimentation à écoulement descendant (35, figure 12) et d'un canal de retour à écoulement ascendant (36, figure 12). Dans un autre mode de réalisation, un circuit qui comprend un réservoir de stockage d'eau (13, figure 20) permettant d'alimenter des robinets en eau chaude peut utiliser une circulation régénératrice similaire pour amener de l'eau préchauffée au niveau d'un robinet fermé (106, figure 20). De préférence, le système comporte des collecteurs solaires (132, figure 32) et des panneaux photovoltaïques (133, figure 32).
PCT/GB2008/003649 2007-11-03 2008-10-29 Système de chauffage régénérateur WO2009056816A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0721635A GB2448384C2 (en) 2007-11-03 2007-11-03 Regenerative heating system
GB0721635.1 2007-11-03

Publications (2)

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WO2009056816A1 WO2009056816A1 (fr) 2009-05-07
WO2009056816A9 true WO2009056816A9 (fr) 2017-01-05

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Cited By (1)

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RU2818407C2 (ru) * 2022-01-12 2024-05-02 Михаил Иванович Голубенко Способ работы отопительного котла в системе отопления

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DE202009001030U1 (de) * 2009-01-27 2010-06-24 Gebr. Kemper Gmbh & Co. Kg Metallwerke Trink- oder Brauchwassersystem
CN101818924A (zh) * 2010-04-02 2010-09-01 河南省建筑科学研究院有限公司 管中管回水的给水和回水管路系统
GB201601848D0 (en) * 2016-02-02 2016-03-16 Equitherm Ltd Water systems
RU2652974C1 (ru) * 2017-05-23 2018-05-03 Евгений Александрович Оленев Способ работы отопительного котла в системе горячего водоснабжения
CN109611944A (zh) * 2018-01-13 2019-04-12 陈奎宏 一种热水循环系统

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DE591772C (de) * 1931-03-31 1934-01-26 Ludwig Schuster Etagenwarmwasserheizungsanlage mit Schwerkraftumlauf
NL171491C (nl) * 1974-05-10 1983-04-05 Vliet Cors Van Warmwatervoorziening.
US4628902A (en) * 1985-06-03 1986-12-16 Comber Cornelius J Hot water distribution system
GB8825507D0 (en) * 1988-11-01 1988-12-07 Guy E J Heating systems
GB9814585D0 (en) * 1998-07-07 1998-09-02 Ray Neville G Deadleg circulation system
DE19932436C2 (de) * 1999-07-12 2002-02-28 Gewofag Gemeinnuetzige Wohnung Trinkwarmwasserleitungsanlage
DE10008427A1 (de) * 2000-02-23 2001-08-30 Johann Wilfer Umwälzinjektor für zentrale Warmwasser-Versorgungsanlagen
DE10054822A1 (de) * 2000-11-04 2002-05-08 Wolfgang Schmitter Koax-Pressfitting

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2818407C2 (ru) * 2022-01-12 2024-05-02 Михаил Иванович Голубенко Способ работы отопительного котла в системе отопления

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GB2448384C2 (en) 2010-12-01
GB2448384A (en) 2008-10-15
GB0721635D0 (en) 2007-12-12
WO2009056816A1 (fr) 2009-05-07
GB2448384B (en) 2009-11-18

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