WO2009056701A2

WO2009056701A2 - Method for displacing the aeromotor assembly of an aerogenerator

Info

Publication number: WO2009056701A2
Application number: PCT/FR2008/001183
Authority: WO
Inventors: Marc Vergnet
Original assignee: Vergnet Sa
Priority date: 2007-08-10
Filing date: 2008-08-08
Publication date: 2009-05-07
Also published as: FR2919903B1; WO2009056701A3; FR2919903A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for displacing the aeromotor assembly (10) of an aerogenerator, comprising a step of disconnecting or connecting a system for driving the electric generator, a step of holding the blades (100) using a control system, a step of lowering or raising the aeromotor assembly (10) between an erect position and a position close to the ground (3), and a step of fixing blades (100) to two respective holders (31, 32) for lowering the assembly, enabling anticyclonic safety measures and/or maintenance operations. An aerogenerator comprises an aeromotor assembly (10) consisting of: a propeller (100) rotationally mounted in a bearing frame (104), a driving system which connects the rotor to an electric generator mounted in a nacelle (11) and can be unfixed or fixed by a fixing system, displacement means, a system for controlling the position of the blades (100), and a guiding system.

Description

Method of moving the wind turbine assembly of an aerogenerator

The present invention relates to the field of renewable energies in isolated rural and peri-urban areas and proposes in particular a method of moving the entire wind turbine engine and a system for carrying out the method.

In fact, wind turbines are erected on support poles in these isolated rural and peri-urban areas. These support poles are very often long to install and are composed of a large number of elements that are difficult to transport. The aerogenerator is installed at the top of the support mast when it is in a vertical position by means of a hoist, very often cranes of very high capacity, which do not exist on the market of countries with low logistics and infrastructure.

In addition, wind turbines are erected on support poles in regions affected by cyclones, including French overseas departments and territories and most regions where trade winds blow (South Pacific, Caribbean, Indian Ocean, etc.). ). Cyclones are extreme but inevitable phenomena. It is therefore necessary to take them into account when investing in a wind turbine installation.

Documents JP58192977 and JP57062973 teach a wind turbine whose body is traversed by a mast around which it pivots and along which the wind turbine can slide. The wind turbine is moved along the mast through a cable that passes through a pulley attached to the upper end of the mast. The entire turbine of the wind turbine is moved by sliding along the mast during the landing of the wind turbine. However, such a device has the disadvantage of not allowing assembly / disassembly of the entire structure that is fast and easy.

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome these drawbacks of the prior art by proposing a method of moving the aeromotor assembly of an aerogenerator fixed on a support mast allowing ensure the anticyclonic safety of the entire wind turbine, facilitate the maintenance and exchange of components, and maintain the performance of the aerodynamic profile by regular cleaning of the blades.

To achieve this goal, the method of moving the wind turbine assembly, between an erected position and a low position of storage on the ground, of a turbine-type turbine with rotating blades of a drive system of a generator electrical device implanted in a nacelle, rotatably mounted at a so-called upper end of a support mast so that the drive axis of a rotor of the blade propeller is substantially perpendicular to the support mast and the end said bass of the support mast anchored to the ground, characterized in that it comprises:

- A step of connection or disconnection of the wind turbine assembly of the drive system of the electric generator via a fastening system;

a step of maintaining, during the descent or elevation operation, the blades horizontally and along an axis perpendicular to the support mast, in particular to stabilize the blades by offering the least resistance to the wind during the descent or the elevation of the the entire turbine engine by means of a control system, the blades remaining perpendicular to the support mast for the duration of the descent or the elevation of the entire turbine engine;

a step of separating or securing the entire turbine engine to the nacelle which remains mounted on the support mast;

a step of lowering or raising the wind turbine assembly between the low position of ground storage and the erected position; the steps being carried out according to a corresponding order for the operation of descent of the entire turbine to the disconnection, then the maintenance of the blades, the separation and finally, the descent, and for the upward climb operation, the maintenance blades, solidarization, and finally the connection; and the step of connecting or disconnecting the drive system of the electric generator is not to be performed in the case where the drive system is a drive shaft directly connecting the rotor of the blade propeller to the electric generator and where the wind turbine assembly comprises the electric generator.

According to another feature, the support mast can be held vertically by a plurality of stay cables anchored to the ground by a first end and connected to the support mast by a second end.

According to another particular feature, in the case of a guyed support mast, the step of lowering or raising the wind turbine assembly comprises: a step of lowering or raising the wind turbine assembly requiring the use of displacement means and rails between the erected position and a connection point of the stays on the support mast; then, a step of lowering or raising the wind turbine assembly between at least three supports anchored to the ground and the connection point of the stays on the support mast, this second step of descent or climb requiring the use of guide cables and moving means.

According to another particularity, in the case of a support mast without a stay, the step of raising or lowering the wind turbine assembly takes place along rails arranged parallel to the axis of symmetry of the support mast and of length corresponding to that of the support mast, using the displacement means.

According to another feature, the descent of the wind turbine assembly comprises a step of fixing the blades on at least two respective supports by means of respective flanges.

According to another particularity, the step of connecting and disconnecting the drive system of the electric generator consists in connecting or disconnecting the fixing system situated close to the output of the multiplier, in the case of a drive system with a multiplier, and to connect or disconnect the fastening system located near the entrance of the electric generator, in the case of a drive system without a multiplier and a wind turbine assembly without an electric generator.

Another object of the present invention is to propose an aerogenerator for implementing the method of moving the aeromotor assembly.

To achieve this goal, the aerogenerator allowing the implementation of the method of moving the wind turbine assembly according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises a wind turbine assembly consisting of a propeller with blades rotatably mounted in a frame support, a drive system which connects the rotor of the blade propeller to an electric generator installed in a nacelle rotatably mounted at one end of a support pole, the drive system of the electric generator being adapted for to be detachable or securable from the wind turbine assembly via a fastening system, means for moving the wind turbine assembly detached from the nacelle which is held positioned at the end of the support mast, a system for controlling the position of the blades , and a guide system cooperating to bring the wind turbine assembly from the upper link position of the wind turbine to a low storage position on the ground.

According to another feature, the displacement means consist of a bracket fixed to the nacelle and positioned above the center of gravity of the wind turbine assembly, a hauling system attached to the end of the stem, and a winch disposed inside and at the lower end of the support mast, the winch and the hauling system cooperating with cables whose one end is fixed to the support frame and a second end to the winch to bring the assembly wind turbine from the upper link position of the wind turbine to a low position of ground storage.

According to another particularity, the aerogenerator comprises a pair of parallel rails arranged from the so-called high end to a level of the connection point of the stays on the guyed support mast and to the ground for a support pole without stays, at the least one guide wire stretched and arranged in the extension of the rails for a guyed support mast, the rails and the guide wire (s) being secured (s) to the support mast at a distance corresponding to the distance from the support frame to guide the support frame during the moving the wind turbine assembly, the first end of the cable or cable (s) being fixed to the guyed support mast and the second end anchored to the ground in the alignment of the anchoring points of the two guys located below the blades.

Advantageously, the means of movement and guidance of the entire turbine engine also allow the first installation of the wind turbine assembly for assembly with the nacelle mounted on the support mast without the use of lifting gear.

According to another feature, the blade control system comprises small section cables held in tension by a set of return pulleys and winches fixed to the ground, or by a set of return pulleys and counterweight moving to the inside the support mast of the aerogenerator, the other end of the cables being fixed at the level of the rotor, the cables being inserted into a tube located in each blade over part of the length of the blade so that the cables small section are pushed from the accessible portion of the rotor in a tube to open near the end of the blade to control the effects of wind on the entire wind turbine and stabilize the entire wind turbine when moving.

According to another feature, the drive system of the electric generator comprises a slow shaft-type drive shaft which connects the rotor of the blade propeller either to a multiplier connected to the electric generator by a fast shaft or directly to the electric generator. .

According to another feature, the fastening system comprising flanges and bolts is disposed on the fast shaft near the output of the multiplier, in the case of a drive system with multiplier, and on the axis of drive near the input of the electric generator, in the case of a drive system without a multiplier and a wind turbine assembly without an electric generator. According to another feature, the drive system does not include a fastening system, in the case of a drive system without a multiplier and a wind turbine assembly with an electric generator.

Another object of the invention is to provide a system for implementing the method of moving the entire wind turbine and the use of the wind turbine during the descent operation.

To achieve this goal, a system allowing the implementation of the displacement method during a descent operation is characterized in that it comprises the wind turbine and in an axis parallel or coaxial with the anchorages of the stays occurring below the blades at least three supports whose size and positioning of the supports are studied so that the central support receives the support frame, each of the other two supports for receiving a blade.

According to another feature, each support comprises a flange for holding the blades on their respective supports.

The invention will be better understood and other objects, characteristics, details and advantages thereof will appear more clearly in the following explanatory description given with reference to the appended figures given as non-limiting examples in which: Figure 1 shows the wind turbine in its position erected on a support mast with stays; Figure 2 shows a schematic view of the blades provided with the control system; Figure 3 illustrates the drive system of the electric generator of the wind turbine; FIG. 4 illustrates the displacement method according to the invention during the lowering operation of the wind turbine assembly from the erected position to the level of the connection point of the stays, this step being broken down according to FIGS. 4a, 4b and 4c; FIG. 5 illustrates the displacement method according to the invention during the lowering operation of the wind turbine assembly from the point of connecting the stays to the three supports anchored to the ground, this step being decomposed according to Figures 5a, 5b and 5c; FIG. 6a illustrates the method of displacement according to the invention during the stage of fixing the blades on their respective supports allowing the anticyclonic safety setting and / or the carrying out of maintenance operations, and FIG. 6b representing a zoomed view this step; Figure 7 shows the wind turbine provided with displacement means for lowering or raising the entire wind turbine.

The present invention relates to a method of moving the wind turbine assembly (10) of an aerogenerator (1) and applies in particular to wind power plants located in isolated rural and peri-urban cyclonic areas. Indeed, the present invention allows on the one hand the anticyclonic safety setting of the wind turbine (1) and in particular of the wind turbine assembly (10) in a time estimated at about three hours. In strong winds, this wind turbine assembly (10) can be damaged but can also become a potential risk for its environment that must be prevented. Furthermore, the method of moving the aeromotor assembly (10) also makes it possible to facilitate the maintenance and the exchange of components and to maintain the performance of the aerodynamic profile by regular cleaning of this aeromotor assembly (10). and in particular blades (100).

With reference to FIGS. 1 and 3, the aerogenerator (1) is of two-blade type (100) integral with rotation of a drive system of an electric generator (111) implanted in a nacelle (11).

In a preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the drive system of the electric generator (111) comprises a slow shaft-type drive shaft (102) which connects a rotor (101) to a multiplier (103), itself connected by a fast shaft (110) to the electric generator (111). In an alternative embodiment not shown, the drive system consists of a slow shaft type drive shaft which connects the rotor (101) directly to the electric generator (111).

The blades (100) are mounted on the slow shaft-type drive shaft (102), the rotor hub (101) of which is rotatably mounted relative to a support frame (104).

A fastening system (12) consisting of two flanges held by bolts may be provided on the drive system of the electric generator (111).

In the case of a drive system with multiplier (103), the fastening system (12) is arranged on the fast shaft (110) close to the output of the multiplier (103) to allow a connection between the a wind turbine assembly (10) and the electric generator (111), this fastening can then be disassembled to allow the lowering of the wind turbine assembly (10) from a high position of connection of the wind turbine (1) to a low position storage device (3) via displacement means, the wind turbine assembly (10) being constituted, in this case, of the blades (100) and their rotor (101) forming a blade propeller, of the axis d said slow-shaft drive (102), the multiplier (103) and the support frame (104).

In the case of a drive system without a multiplier (103) (not shown), the fastening system (12) is arranged on the drive shaft near the input of the electric generator (111) to enable a connection between the wind turbine assembly (10) and the electric generator (111), this fastening can then be disassembled to allow the lowering of the wind turbine assembly (10) of a high position of connection of the wind turbine (1 ) at a low position of ground storage (3) via moving means, the wind turbine assembly (10) called "wind turbine assembly (10) without electric generator (111)" being constituted, in this case, blades (100 ) and their rotor (101) forming a blade propeller, the drive shaft said slow shaft, and the support frame (104). In the case of a drive system without a multiplier (103) (not shown), an alternative embodiment without a fastening system (12) is conceivable. Indeed, the electric generator (111) can be detached or secured by a system of flanges and bolts from / to the nacelle (11) remaining mounted on the support mast (2) to respectively allow the lowering or raising of the aeromotor assembly (10) called "a wind turbine assembly (10) with an electric generator (111)" consisting, in this case, of blades (100) and their rotor (101) forming a blade propeller, of the axle of said slow shaft drive, electrical generator (111) and support frame (104).

The nacelle (11) is rotatably mounted at a so-called upper end of a support mast (2), in a preferred embodiment, guyed (20) so that the drive shaft of the rotor (101) the blade propeller (100) is substantially perpendicular to the support mast (2). With reference to FIG. 7, the nacelle (11) in which the electric generator (111) is implanted maintains a bracket (112) positioned above the center of gravity of the wind turbine assembly (10) and at the end of which is positioned a hauling system (113) consisting of two mittens. During the lowering or raising of the wind turbine assembly (10), this hauling system (113) guides, in a direction parallel to the support mast (2), cables (4) whose first end is fixed to the frame support (104) and a second end attached to a winch (5) disposed inside and at the so-called lower end of the support mast (2). Such an arrangement of the hauling system (113) and the winch (5) makes it possible to avoid having large winches housed in the nacelle (11) and makes it possible to have the entire height of the support mast (2) for the movement of the cables (4). The means of movement of the wind turbine assembly (10) thus consist of the stem (112), the hauling system (113) and the winch (5) which cooperate with the cables (4). In the example shown, the cables (4) are two in number.

During a descent operation as illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 6, the winch (5) thus allows the unwinding of the cables (4) after disconnection of the fastening system (12) on the drive system of the generator electrical (111) and disconnection of the entire aeromotor (10) to the nacelle (11) and gradually descend the entire air motor (10) to a level of the support mast (2) located at the connection point of the stays (20) on the support mast (2). During this descent operation, the support frame (104) of the aeromotor assembly (10) is guided by a pair of rails (21) parallel and integral with the support mast (2), arranged in a direction parallel to the support mast (2). ), and whose length of the rails (21) extends from the so-called upper end of the support mast (2) to the connection point of the stays (20). The unwinding of the cables (4) by the winch (5) after disconnection of the fastening system (12) on the drive system of the electric generator (111) and disconnection of the wind turbine assembly (10) to the nacelle (11) then allows the entire turbine engine (10) to be guided by at least one guide cable (22) which lie substantially in the same plane as the two shrouds (20) below the blades (100). This or these cable (s) (22) guide whose first end is fixed to the support mast (2) and the second end anchored to the ground (3) in the alignment of the anchor points of the two shrouds (20) is presenting below the blades (100) are respectively disposed in the extension of the two rails (21) to continuously accompany the descent of the entire wind turbine (10) to its ground storage position (3). In a preferred embodiment, the guide cables (22) are two in number and substantially parallel and surround the support frame (104). It should be noted that the rails (21) and the guide cable (s) (22) are secured to the support mast (2) at a distance corresponding to the distance from the support frame (104) to allow the frame to be guided. support (104) during the descent of the wind turbine assembly (10).

The so-called lower end of the support mast (2) is anchored to the ground (3) and the support mast (2) is held vertically by a plurality of stays (20) anchored to the ground (3) at one end and connected to the mast. support (2) by a second end. In the example shown, the support mast (2) is held vertically by four stays (20) anchored to the ground (3) symmetrically with respect to the support mast (2) and connected to the support mast (2) at the connection point by a second end. In the example shown, the second end of the stays (20) is fixed at a height of about 2/3 of the height of the support mast (2). It should be noted that the support mast (2) is erected by a known lifting system, either by the method of the hinged mast hinged or by means of a device comprising a special crane that "ramps" along the support mast ( 2) so as to associate the different constituent elements of the support mast (2) one above the other.

With reference to FIG. 2, the descent of the wind turbine assembly (10) is also controlled by a blade position control system (100) consisting of cables (6) of small section held in tension by a set of pulleys. and ground-mounted winches (3) disposed at the anchorages of the stays (20) below the blades (100) or by a set of idlers and counterweights moving within the mast support (2) of the aerogenerator (1), the other end of the cables (6) of small section being fixed at the rotor (101). The cables (6) of small section are inserted respectively into tubes (7) of polyethylene or other material located in each blade (100) over a portion of the length of the blade (100) so that each cable ( 6) of small section is pushed from the accessible portion of the rotor (101) in the tubes (7) to open near the end of the blade (100). In the example shown, the cables (6) of small section are two in number and open at a distance of about 20 meters from the rotor (101) of the blades (100), each blade (100) having a length of about 30 meters. The arrangement of these cables (6) of small section held in tension by the winches or the respective counterweight can control the effects of wind on the entire wind turbine (10) and stabilize the entire wind turbine (10) during its displacement , in the example shown during its descent. It should be noted that there may be 2 or 4 cables (6) of small section controlled respectively by 1, 2 or 4 winches fixed to the ground (3) or by 1 or 2 counterweight moving inside the support mast (2). Moreover, number of guide cables (22) is a function of the number of cables (6) of small section at the end of the blades (2).

With reference to FIG. 3, the first step of the displacement process during a lowering operation of the wind turbine assembly (10) consists in stopping the wind turbine generator (1) upon receipt of the anticyclonic alert or when a maintenance operation is to be performed. For this, the drive system of the electric generator (111) of the wind turbine assembly (10) is disconnected. This disconnection is carried out by an authorized operator located in the nacelle (11) and consists of unbolting the fastening system (12) consisting of flanges and bolts, and arranged, in the case of a drive system with multiplier (103), in the vicinity of the output of the multiplier (103) and, in the case of a drive system without multiplier (103) and a wind turbine assembly (10) without an electric generator (111), close to the input of the electric generator (111).

This connection and disconnection step not being performed for a drive system without a multiplier (103) and a wind turbine assembly (10) with an electric generator (111).

The second step of the displacement method during a lowering operation of the wind turbine assembly (10) consists of positioning the blades (100) horizontally to offer the least wind resistance and along an axis perpendicular to the support mast (2). ) to stabilize the blades (100) during the descent of the wind turbine assembly (10), the blades (100) remaining perpendicular to the support mast (2) throughout the duration of the descent of the wind turbine assembly (10). This horizontal positioning of the blades has the advantage of facilitating their positioning on the ground surface, when the blades arrive in the lower part of the mast. This horizontal holding also prevents rotation of the blades of the wind turbine which could hinder the descent of the wind turbine (10), resulting in an accident or damage to the device during movement.

For this, an authorized operator located in the nacelle (11) inserts respectively each cable (6) of small section into the tube (7) of each blade (100) from the accessible portion of the rotor (101) so that the first end of the cables (6) of small section is fixed to the rotor (101) and the second end of the cables (6) of small section is fixed respectively winches lying on the ground (3) at the anchors of the stays (20) and below the blades (100) or the counterweight moving within the support mast (2). The cables (6) of small section being tensioned by means of these winches or counterweights in order to control the effects of the wind on the wind turbine assembly (10) and to stabilize the wind turbine assembly (10) during its movement.

The third step of the displacement process during a descent operation consists in separating the entire turbine engine (10) from the nacelle (11) which remains mounted on the support mast (2). This step requires appropriate loosening tools since the entire turbine engine (10) is fixed by a bolt-type fastening system to the nacelle (11).

The fourth step of the method of moving during a descent operation consists in lowering the wind turbine assembly (10) from its erected position to the low position of ground storage (3) and is broken down into two stages: with reference in FIG. 4, a descent of the wind turbine assembly (10) from the erected position to the level of the connection point of the stays (20) on the support mast (2) via the displacement means which consist of the stem (112), the winch (5) and the hauling system (113) cooperating with the two cables (4), the support frame (104) being guided by the two rails (21) located on the support mast (2) ; then, with reference to FIG. 5, a descent of the wind turbine assembly (10) requiring the displacement means described above and the at least one guide cable (s) (22) arranged in the extension of the rails (21) to avoid a discontinuity in the descent of the wind turbine assembly (10). The cable (s) (22) surround the support frame (104) of the wind turbine assembly (10) to guide it, the first end of the cable (s) (22) being attached to the support mast (2) and the second end anchored to the ground

(3) in the alignment of the anchor points of the stays (20) and being below the blades (100). In this way, the aeromotor assembly (10) descends to at least three supports (30, 31,

32) anchored to the ground (3) in line with the anchor points of the stays (20), the anchorage points of the cable (s) (22) and the winches or counterweights of the position control system blades (100). To do this, the size and positioning of the three supports (30, 31, 32) are studied so that the central support (30) receives the support frame (104) of the wind turbine assembly (10), the first support (31) receives the first blade

(100) and the second support (32) receives the second blade (100).

Finally, with reference to FIG. 6, the fifth step consists in keeping the two blades (100) on their respective supports (31, 32) by means of flanges (310, 320): the first flange (310) makes it possible to maintain the first blade (100) on the first support (31) and the second flange (320) for maintaining the second blade (100) on the second support (32). In this way, the air motor assembly (10) is set to high pressure and / or maintenance operations can be performed.

It should be noted that the support mast (2), the shrouds (20), the three supports (30, 31, 32) and the guide cable (s) (22) are anchored to the ground (3) by the intermediate of an anchoring system. The anchoring system consists of a low-thickness concrete base anchored by metal rods sealed in boreholes made in the ground (3).

The method of moving the wind turbine assembly (10) also raises the wind turbine assembly (10) from a ground position (3) to an erected position. For example, the first installation of the wind turbine assembly (10) for assembly with the nacelle (11) is performed without the use of a heavy and bulky hoist, such as including large capacity cranes. Indeed, the constituent elements of the wind turbine assembly (10), depending on the different embodiments, that is to say in the case of a drive system with or without a multiplier (103), are assembled on the ground (3). The winch (5) and the hauling system (113) disposed at the end of the stem (112) thus allow the winding of the cables (4) and progressively raise the wind turbine assembly (10) to a level of the support mast (2) located approximately at the point of connection of the stays (20) on the support mast (2). During this raising or raising operation, the support frame (104) of the aero-motor assembly (10) is guided by the guide wire (s) (22) to then enable the wind turbine assembly (10). to be guided by the two rails (21) without discontinuity to the nacelle (11) rotatably mounted on the support mast (2). The blades (100) remain perpendicular to the support mast (2) during the whole duration of the raising operation of the wind turbine assembly (10) thanks to the tension applied to the cables (6) of small section by means of the winches or counterweight of the blade position control system (100). According to the different embodiments described above, the wind turbine assembly (10) is connected to the drive system of the electric generator (111) by means of the fastening system (12) consisting of flanges and bolts or this step is not realized. And the wind turbine assembly (10) is secured to the nacelle (11) by a screw-bolt type fastening system. The aerogenerator (1) can be installed anywhere in the world after these components have been transported on trucks of normal size, and especially the assembly or elevation is done without the need for large capacity cranes that do not necessarily exist in the market of countries with low logistics and infrastructure and yet they must save the oil that is used to produce electricity.

An alternative to this method of displacement of the aero-motor assembly (10) previously described is also proposed. Indeed, the support mast (2) can be maintained vertically without shrouds (20) and be embedded in deep foundations in the ground (3). In this variant, it is therefore no longer necessary to have the cable (s) (22) guide. The step of raising or lowering the wind turbine assembly (10) takes place along rails (21) arranged parallel to the axis of symmetry of the mast. support (2) and of length corresponding to that of the support mast (2), using the previously described displacement means.

One of the advantages of the invention is that the method of moving the aeromotor assembly (10) of an aerogenerator (1) according to the invention allows the anticyclonic safety of this aero-motor assembly (10) thus avoiding any risk of wind accidents and damage to the wind turbine system and / or the performance of maintenance operations.

It should be obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention allows embodiments in many other specific forms without departing from the scope of the invention as claimed. Therefore, the present embodiments should be considered by way of illustration, but may be modified within the scope defined by the scope of the appended claims, and the invention should not be limited to the details given above.

Claims

A method of moving the wind turbine assembly (10), between an erected position and a low ground storage position (3), of a wind turbine (1) of the blade type (100) integral with rotation of a driving system of an electric generator (111) implanted in a nacelle (11), rotatably mounted at a so-called upper end of a support mast (2) so that the drive shaft of a rotor (101) of the blade propeller (100) is substantially perpendicular to the support mast (2) and the so-called lower end of the support mast (2) anchored to the ground (3), characterized in that it comprises:

- A step of connection or disconnection of the wind turbine assembly (10) of the drive system of the electric generator (111) via a fastening system (12);

a step of maintaining, during the descent or elevation operation, the blades (100) horizontally and along an axis perpendicular to the support mast (2), in particular to stabilize the blades (100) by offering the least resistance to wind during descent or elevation of the wind turbine assembly (10) by means of a control system, the blades (100) remaining perpendicular to the support mast (2) during the entire duration of the descent or elevation the wind turbine assembly (10);

a step of separating or securing the entire turbine engine (10) to the nacelle (11) which remains mounted on the support mast (2);

a step of lowering or raising the wind turbine assembly (10) between the low ground storage position (3) and the erected position; the steps being carried out according to a corresponding order for the operation of descent of the wind turbine assembly (10) at the disconnection, then the maintenance of the blades (100), the separation and finally, the descent, and for the operation climbing to the climb, the maintenance of the blades (100), the joining, and finally the connection; and the step of connecting or disconnecting the drive system of the electric generator (111) not being performed in the case where the drive system is a drive shaft directly connecting the rotor (101) of the blade propeller (100) to the electric generator (111) and wherein the wind turbine assembly (10) comprises the electric generator (111).

2. Method of displacement according to claim 1, characterized in that the support mast (2) can be held vertically by a plurality of stays (20) anchored to the ground (3) by a first end and connected to the support mast (2) by a second end.

3. Method of displacement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the case of a guyed support mast, the step of lowering or raising of the wind turbine assembly (10) comprises:

a step of lowering or raising the wind turbine assembly (10) requiring the use of displacement means and rails (21) between the erected position and a connection point of the stays (20) on the support mast (2); );

- Then, a step of descent or rise of the entire air motor (10) between at least three supports (30, 31, 32) anchored to the ground (3), and the connection point of the stays (20) on the mast support (2), this second descent or climb step requiring the use of guide cables (22) and moving means.

4. A method of displacement according to claim 1, characterized in that in the case of a support mast (2) without stays, the step of raising or lowering the entire wind turbine (10) is carried along rails (21) arranged parallel to the axis of symmetry of the support mast (2) and of length corresponding to that of the support mast (2), using the displacement means.

5. Method of displacement according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the descent of the entire wind turbine (10) comprises a step of fixing the blades (100) on the two supports (31, 32) respectively by means of respective flanges (310, 320).

6. A method of displacement according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of connecting and disconnecting the drive system of the electric generator (111) comprises connecting or disconnecting the fastening system (12) located in the vicinity of the output of the multiplier (103), in the case of a drive system with a multiplier (103), and to connect or disconnect the fastening system (12) located near the input of the electric generator (111) , in the case of a drive system without a multiplier (103) and a power unit (10) without an electric generator (111).

7. Aerogenerator (1) for implementing the method of moving the wind turbine assembly (10) according to one of claims 1 to 6 characterized in that it comprises a wind turbine assembly (10) consisting of a blade propeller (100) rotatably mounted in a support frame (104), a drive system which connects the rotor (101) of the blade propeller (100) to an electric generator (111) implanted in a nacelle (11). ) rotatably mounted at one end of a support mast (2), the drive system of the electric generator (111) being adapted to be detachable or securable from the wind turbine assembly (10) via a fastening system (12) , means for moving the wind turbine assembly (10) detached from the nacelle (11) which is maintained positioned at the end of the support mast, a system for controlling the position of the blades (100), and a control system. cooperating guide to bring the wind turbine assembly (10) of the p high wind turbine linkage (1) at a low ground storage position (3).

8. Aerogenerator (1) according to claim 7 characterized in that the displacement means consist of a bracket (112) fixed to the nacelle (11) and positioned above the center of gravity of the assembly aeromotor (10), a hauling system (113) fixed to the end of the bracket (112), and a winch (5) disposed inside and at the lower end of the support mast (2). ), the winch (5) and the hauling system (113) cooperating with cables (4) whose one end is fixed to the support frame (104) and a second end to the winch (5) to bring the aeromotor assembly (10) from the upper linkage position of the aerogenerator (1) to a low ground storage position (3).

Aerogenerator (1) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the aerogenerator (1) comprises a pair of parallel rails (21) arranged from the so-called high end to a level of the connection point of the stays ( 20) on the support mast (2) stayed (20) and down to the ground (3) for a support mast (2) without shrouds, at least one guide cable (22) stretched and arranged in the extension of the rails (21). ) for a guyed support mast (2), the rails (21) and the guide wire (s) (22) being secured to the support mast (2) at a distance corresponding to the distance of the support mast (2). support frame (104) for guiding the support frame (104) during the movement of the aeromotor assembly (10), the first end of the cable (s) (22) being fixed to the guyed support pole (2) ( 20) and the second end anchored to the ground (3) in alignment with the anchoring points of the two stays (20) below the blades (100).

10. Aerogenerator (1) according to one of claims 7 to 9 characterized in that the blade control system (100) comprises cables (6) of small section held in tension by a set of return pulleys and winches fixed to the ground (3), or by a set of return pulleys and counterweight moving inside the mast (2) support of the wind turbine (1), the other end of the cables (6) being fixed at the level of rotor (101), the cables (6) being inserted into a tube (7) in each blade (100) over a portion of the length of the blade (100) so that the cables (6) of small section are pushed from the accessible portion of the rotor (101) into a tube (7) to open near the end of the blade (100) in order to controlling the effects of the wind on the wind turbine assembly (10) and stabilizing the wind turbine assembly (10) during its movement.

11. A turbogenerator (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the drive system of the electric generator (111) comprises a drive shaft (102) of slow shaft type which connects the rotor (101) of the propeller blade (100) is a multiplier (103) connected to the electric generator (111) by a fast shaft (110) or directly to the electric generator (111).

Wind turbine (1) according to one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the fastening system (12) having flanges and bolts is arranged on the fast shaft (110) near the output of the multiplier (103). ), in the case of a drive system with multiplier (103), and on the drive shaft (102) near the input of the electric generator (111), in the case of a drive system with drive without multiplier (103) and a power unit (10) without an electric generator (111).

Wind turbine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the drive system does not have a fastening system (12), in the case of a drive system without a multiplier (103) and a wind turbine assembly (10) with an electric generator (111).

14. System for implementing the method of displacement during a descent operation according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises the wind turbine (1) and in an axis parallel or coaxial with the anchors of shrouds (20) and / or below the blades (100) at least three supports (30, 31, 32) whose size and the positioning of the supports (30, 31, 32) are studied so that the central support ( 30) receives the support frame (101), each of the two other supports (31, 32) for receiving a blade (100).

15. System according to claim 14, characterized in that each support (31, 32) comprises a flange (310, 320) for holding the blades (100) on their respective supports (31, 32).