WO2009052885A1 - Procédé de connexion d'une roue de turbine à un arbre d'un turbocompresseur au moyen d'un processus de soudage par décharge de condensateur - Google Patents

Procédé de connexion d'une roue de turbine à un arbre d'un turbocompresseur au moyen d'un processus de soudage par décharge de condensateur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009052885A1
WO2009052885A1 PCT/EP2008/006668 EP2008006668W WO2009052885A1 WO 2009052885 A1 WO2009052885 A1 WO 2009052885A1 EP 2008006668 W EP2008006668 W EP 2008006668W WO 2009052885 A1 WO2009052885 A1 WO 2009052885A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shaft
turbine wheel
connection region
geometry
connection
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2008/006668
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Holzschuh
Original Assignee
Borgwarner Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Borgwarner Inc. filed Critical Borgwarner Inc.
Publication of WO2009052885A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009052885A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/24—Electric supply or control circuits therefor
    • B23K11/26—Storage discharge welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/16—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating taking account of the properties of the material to be welded
    • B23K11/20—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating taking account of the properties of the material to be welded of different metals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/025—Fixing blade carrying members on shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/06—Rotors for more than one axial stage, e.g. of drum or multiple disc type; Details thereof, e.g. shafts, shaft connections
    • F01D5/066—Connecting means for joining rotor-discs or rotor-elements together, e.g. by a central bolt, by clamps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
    • F16D1/06—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end
    • F16D1/064—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end non-disconnectable
    • F16D1/068—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end non-disconnectable involving gluing, welding or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/001—Turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05B2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F05B2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
    • F05B2230/232—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding
    • F05B2230/239—Inertia or friction welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F05D2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F05D2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
    • F05D2230/232—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for connecting a turbine wheel and a shaft of an exhaust gas turbocharger according to claim 1.
  • a further disadvantage of the above-mentioned friction welding process is that the process times of rotor production, taking into account the necessary shaft geometries (blanks with turning and grinding allowance), are uneconomically long, which has a negative effect, especially with small rotor sizes.
  • An improvement is only partially achieved by using an electron-welding process (EB welding). Due to the comparatively high heat development and one-sided heat input of the electron beam, relatively high distortions and stresses occur in the component at the welded components. Remedy can be by special clamping devices or by a careful component preparation of the components to be welded shaft and turbine wheel (fit between the components) create. The latter have a negative influence on the production costs. Furthermore, a high degree of cleanliness of the components is required for error-free electron beam welding.
  • EB welding electron-welding process
  • a turbine wheel made of a high-temperature non-metal alloy such as titanium aluminide
  • a shaft made of steel by means of high-temperature soldering using soldering pads made of a nickel or silver alloy, which require high demands on the component preparation.
  • the components are not interconnected today as a hollow cross-section; a known embodiment has a survey on the side of the turbine wheel and a recess on the shaft side.
  • the resistance-pressure welding method on which this invention is based in the form of capacitor discharge welding, has the advantage that this method is accompanied by locally narrow heating of the welding region. Therefore occur when using this method negligible distortion of the workpieces. Furthermore, this method allows a wide range of different combinations of materials to be combined in a protective gas-free manner. Furthermore, in contrast to fusion welding, the resistance pressure welding method does not provide a welding path in the true sense of the word, along which a welding head would have to be guided; Therefore, when using a material-displacing welding process, the rotational symmetry of the rotor to be produced can be used to achieve very simple and therefore cost-effective, highly accurate relative positioning of the individual parts in the welding device used.
  • the turbine wheel and shaft workpieces to be welded are clamped in the welding device in such a way that the two workpieces touch one another along an annular contact region. Due to the (due to the discharge of the capacitor) flowing high currents turbine wheel and shaft are welded together in this contact area, so that an annular, continuous connecting web between the two workpieces is formed.
  • connection of the connection areas of the components of the exhaust gas turbocharger by a capacitor discharge welding process initially results in the advantage of a reduced force for generating the necessary joining temperature and joining energy. Because of the applied with this connection process short discharge flash allows a relatively uniform heat input into the joining partners, which allows a uniform solidification of the joining partners.
  • Resistance heating I 2 'Rt
  • a high-current impulse ⁇ 0.2 s, up to 72 kA
  • the axial contact force of the joining partners is in the range of 2-20 kN and is adjustable.
  • the welding time is advantageously extremely short, since the duration of the current pulse is only up to 0.2 s. Including the lead time and retention time of 0.3 s each, an even shorter cycle time is achieved than with friction welding. Furthermore, the Bauwelinespecially compared to the friction welding is easier, because only an axial feed movement (without rotation) must be performed and the contact pressure is lower.
  • the component holder conducts with well electrically conductive copper electrodes the current advantageously as close as possible to the connection zone symmetrically.
  • the rotor preferably has a turbine wheel of a nickel-based alloy and a shaft of steel or of a nickel-based alloy.
  • the rotor comprises a turbine wheel made of a high-temperature non-metal alloy, in particular a titanium aluminide alloy or iron aluminide alloy, and a shaft made of steel or a nickel-based alloy.
  • the preferred workpiece geometry has a hollow cross-section in the components to be joined. According to the invention, a large-scale production method for this rotor or lightweight motor is also provided.
  • Figure 1 is a schematically simplified view of a turbine wheel and a shaft of an exhaust gas turbocharger to explain the basic principles of the connection method according to the invention.
  • Fig.6 simplified representation of turbine wheel and shaft in a welding device
  • FIG. 1 a turbine wheel 1 of an exhaust-gas turbocharger (not shown in its entirety) is illustrated in a schematically simplified representation.
  • the turbine wheel 1 has an attachment region 2, which in the exemplary case is designed as a hollow cross section.
  • the hollow cross section in the form of a heat choke between the components is the preferred connection cross section between the shaft 3 and turbine wheel 1 with respect to the heat input into the shaft.
  • the hollow cross-section may assume various embodiments.
  • a shaft 3 is shown in a simplified schematic representation, which has a connection region 4, which is also formed in the example case as a hollow cross-section.
  • connection region 4 which is also formed in the example case as a hollow cross-section.
  • FIGS. 2-4. 2 shows a turbine wheel 1 and a shaft 3 of an exhaust gas turbocharger with the turbine-side connection region 2 and the shaft-side connection region 4.
  • the turbine wheel 1 can consist of a high-temperature nickel-based alloy as well as a high-temperature light metal alloy, such as titanium aluminide.
  • the hub 2 is advantageously designed as a hollow cross-section, which represents an annular projection geometry (5-7) on the turbine wheel 1, which is advantageous for the joining method described below.
  • connection areas 2 and 4 are connected by a capacitor discharge welding process, which is symbolized by the arrow KS and the double arrow F in FIG. 1, the double arrow F representing the axial contact pressure.
  • connection of the connection regions of the components of the exhaust gas turbocharger by a capacitor discharge welding process initially results in the advantage of a reduced force to generate the necessary joining temperature and joining energy. Because of the applied with this connection process short discharge flash allows a relatively uniform heat input into the joining partner 1.3, which allows a uniform solidification of the joining partner 1.3.
  • the geometry variants 5-7 shown in FIGS. 2-5 relate to the turbine wheel 1 and represent so-called "ring hump geometries”.
  • FIG. 6 shows a simplified illustration of the arrangement of the components 1, 3 in the welding device 15 before the welding process. corridor.
  • the lateral surface 12 of the shaft 3 ensures a large contact surface 13 with a welding sleeve 14 of the capacitor discharge welding device 15th
  • a symmetrical current introduction into the weld areas is achieved by drilled, slotted and resilient copper electrodes. If required, advantageously, the contact can be improved by an additional clamping device (clamp).
  • the contact surface 13 is substantially larger than the abutment surface formed between the end face geometries of the components 5-7 and 8-10, it is ensured that the material heating and plasticizing during welding process reliably takes place at the projection geometry of the shaft 8-10.
  • connection geometry of the mating partners shaft 3 and turbine wheel 1 of an exhaust gas turbocharger with a turned annular shaft boss 8 on the shaft 3 with a point angle in the range> 1 ° and ⁇ 90 ° described in FIG. 2 provided the most favorable geometry variant according to the experiments carried out in the context of the invention represents.
  • the required current concentration for a high current density is advantageously achieved by the smallest possible contact cross-section at the start of the process, for which purpose it is possible according to the invention to provide the connection regions with different geometries.
  • the height 16 of the hump geometry 5 on the turbine wheel 1 is advantageously to be designed so that after the welding process on the two components 1 and 3, an annular, continuous connecting web between the two workpieces (1 and 3) is formed, for the optimized heat input into the shaft.
  • 3 has an insulating residual gap between the interior 17 of the shaft 3 and the interior 18 of the turbine wheel 1, as in Fig. 7 simplified illustrated by the example of the connection geometry of Fig. 2.
  • the axial force is transmitted centrally to the flat tube end face of the turbine wheel 1, without radial forces.
  • the contact conditions do not change.
  • the initially linear contact increases on an annular contact surface, radially inward and outward.
  • contact should be made on the entire face of the turbine wheel 1.
  • connection geometry described in FIG. 2 is a favorable geometry variant, particularly with regard to the use of high-temperature light metal alloys, such as, for example, a titanium aluminide alloy or an iron aluminide alloy.
  • connection made by capacitor discharge welding is characterized by a very straight joint line and a much narrower and uniformly formed diffusion zone. Without the streaks with intermetallic phase, which are pronounced during friction welding, this also prevents connected microcracks.
  • hump geometry 5 in the turbine wheel 1 is in addition to the known mechanical processing methods (with geometriech certain and indefinite Cutting edge) by using an ECM (Electro Chemical Milling) method or a PECM (Precision Electrochemical Milling) method.
  • ECM Electro Chemical Milling
  • PECM Precision Electrochemical Milling
  • connection region 2 of the turbine wheel 1 or the projection geometries 5-7 of the turbine wheel 1 favor the preparation of the connection region 2 of the turbine wheel 1 or the projection geometries 5-7 of the turbine wheel 1 when using a high-temperature non-metal alloy, such as, for example, a Titanaluminidle- alloy as a material for the turbine wheel.
  • a high-temperature non-metal alloy such as, for example, a Titanaluminidle- alloy
  • the application of the ECM and PECM methods does not cause any burr formation on the component and no negative material influence, such as eg. Residual stresses in the surface due to high cutting forces. This ensures that the relatively pure at room temperature turbine wheel material Titanaluminid is prepared relatively gently and absolutely dimensionally stable for connection.
  • FIGS. 1-7 In addition to the above written disclosure of the invention, reference is hereby explicitly made to the drawings in FIGS. 1-7.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de connexion d'une roue de turbine (1) à un arbre (3) d'un turbocompresseur, avec les étapes suivantes: création d'une zone de liaison (2) sur la roue de turbine (1); création d'une zone de liaison (4) sur l'arbre (3); et connexion des zones de liaison (2 et 4) au moyen d'un processus de soudage par décharge de condensateur (KS, F).
PCT/EP2008/006668 2007-10-24 2008-08-13 Procédé de connexion d'une roue de turbine à un arbre d'un turbocompresseur au moyen d'un processus de soudage par décharge de condensateur WO2009052885A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007050841.9 2007-10-24
DE102007050841 2007-10-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009052885A1 true WO2009052885A1 (fr) 2009-04-30

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PCT/EP2008/006668 WO2009052885A1 (fr) 2007-10-24 2008-08-13 Procédé de connexion d'une roue de turbine à un arbre d'un turbocompresseur au moyen d'un processus de soudage par décharge de condensateur

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2009052885A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106271298A (zh) * 2015-06-03 2017-01-04 襄阳三鹏航空科技有限公司 飞机涡轮蜗壳喷嘴连接环焊接夹具
WO2020164985A1 (fr) * 2019-02-14 2020-08-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procédé pour réaliser une liaison arbre-moyeu
EP4249758A1 (fr) 2022-03-21 2023-09-27 Anton Häring KG - Werk für Präzisionstechnik Arbre assemblé et procédé de fabrication d'un arbre assemblé

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4339508A1 (de) * 1992-11-25 1994-05-26 Keiper Recaro Gmbh Co Bauteilverbindung bei Stellvorrichtungen von Sitzen, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeugsitzen
DE9320666U1 (de) * 1993-08-11 1995-01-05 Bolzenschweißtechnik Heinz Soyer GmbH, 82237 Wörthsee Verbindungselement zur Verwendung beim Widerstands-Impulsschweißen nach dem Kondensator-Entladungsprinzip
EP0816007A2 (fr) * 1996-06-25 1998-01-07 Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Procédé de soudage par friction d'un arbre à un rotor de turbine en aluminiure de titane
US20060005792A1 (en) * 2002-03-05 2006-01-12 Daimler Chrysler Lightweight valve
US20060225280A1 (en) * 2005-04-06 2006-10-12 Trw Airbag Systems Gmbh Method for manufacturing a gas generator
US20070181539A1 (en) * 2003-08-08 2007-08-09 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Apparatus and method for joining a rotor blade to a rotor mount of a gas turbine rotor

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4339508A1 (de) * 1992-11-25 1994-05-26 Keiper Recaro Gmbh Co Bauteilverbindung bei Stellvorrichtungen von Sitzen, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeugsitzen
DE9320666U1 (de) * 1993-08-11 1995-01-05 Bolzenschweißtechnik Heinz Soyer GmbH, 82237 Wörthsee Verbindungselement zur Verwendung beim Widerstands-Impulsschweißen nach dem Kondensator-Entladungsprinzip
EP0816007A2 (fr) * 1996-06-25 1998-01-07 Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Procédé de soudage par friction d'un arbre à un rotor de turbine en aluminiure de titane
US20060005792A1 (en) * 2002-03-05 2006-01-12 Daimler Chrysler Lightweight valve
US20070181539A1 (en) * 2003-08-08 2007-08-09 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Apparatus and method for joining a rotor blade to a rotor mount of a gas turbine rotor
US20060225280A1 (en) * 2005-04-06 2006-10-12 Trw Airbag Systems Gmbh Method for manufacturing a gas generator

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CRAMER H ET AL: "WELDING OF STEELS WITH HIGHER CARBON CONTENTS BY MEANS OF CAPACITOR DISCHARGE WELDING AND MEDIUM-FREQUENCY WELDING", WELDING AND CUTTING, DVS GERMAN WELDING SOCIETY, DUSSELDORF, DE, no. 6, 1 January 2005 (2005-01-01), pages 328 - 333, XP001238847, ISSN: 1612-3433 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106271298A (zh) * 2015-06-03 2017-01-04 襄阳三鹏航空科技有限公司 飞机涡轮蜗壳喷嘴连接环焊接夹具
WO2020164985A1 (fr) * 2019-02-14 2020-08-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procédé pour réaliser une liaison arbre-moyeu
EP4249758A1 (fr) 2022-03-21 2023-09-27 Anton Häring KG - Werk für Präzisionstechnik Arbre assemblé et procédé de fabrication d'un arbre assemblé

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