WO2009050151A1 - Parafoudre avec au moins un élément de dérivation, en particulier une varistance, et avec un dispositif sectionneur - Google Patents

Parafoudre avec au moins un élément de dérivation, en particulier une varistance, et avec un dispositif sectionneur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009050151A1
WO2009050151A1 PCT/EP2008/063764 EP2008063764W WO2009050151A1 WO 2009050151 A1 WO2009050151 A1 WO 2009050151A1 EP 2008063764 W EP2008063764 W EP 2008063764W WO 2009050151 A1 WO2009050151 A1 WO 2009050151A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
surge arrester
arrester according
varistor
conductive element
stop
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2008/063764
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Arnd Ehrhardt
Stefanie Schreiter
Original Assignee
Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102008049472A external-priority patent/DE102008049472A1/de
Application filed by Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg filed Critical Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg
Priority to AT08838567T priority Critical patent/ATE451742T1/de
Priority to EP08838567A priority patent/EP2070169B1/fr
Priority to DE502008000245T priority patent/DE502008000245D1/de
Publication of WO2009050151A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009050151A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/14—Means structurally associated with spark gap for protecting it against overload or for disconnecting it in case of failure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors
    • H01C7/126—Means for protecting against excessive pressure or for disconnecting in case of failure

Definitions

  • Surge arrester with at least one diverting element, in particular a varistor, as well as with a disconnecting device
  • the invention relates to an overvoltage arrester having at least one diverting element, in particular a varistor, as well as a disconnecting device for disconnecting and / or shorting the diverting element or elements, wherein the diverting device comprises a melting point, in particular soldering point, which enters the electrical connection path inside the diverter Ableiters is involved, wherein on the melting a movable conductor portion with the respective Ableitelement on the one hand and the conductor portion on the other hand connected to a first outer terminal, and a biasing force generating means, in particular a spring, wherein the force vector acts directly or indirectly on the conductor portion in the separation direction , further comprising a conductive element whose first end is in communication with a second external electrical connection and whose second end is brought into contact with the conductor section, according to the preamble of the patent claims chs 1.
  • the diverting device comprises a melting point, in particular soldering point, which enters the electrical connection path inside the diverter Ableiters is involved, wherein on the
  • Surge arresters based on varistors generally have an internal disconnecting device in the low-voltage range.
  • This separation device often consists of a combination of a thermal separation device and a predetermined breaking point for higher currents.
  • the thermal separation function is often realized here by a solder connection between the varistor and a movable, spring-loaded connector.
  • the relatively small leakage currents lead to an undue heating of the varistor, whereby the Lotstelle melts and the varistor is separated by the movement of the movable connector from the network.
  • arrangements are known in which the varistor can be separated from the network by an external or internal switch. Reference is made here, for example, to EP 1 447 831 A1 or EP 0 862 255 A1.
  • disconnecting devices with short-circuit function wherein in the separated or triggered switching state of the separator of the current path through the defective diverter is in short circuit such that the current commutates from the diverter to a switched bypass, are known.
  • the low-impedance short circuit path connected in this way can be z. B. be used to operate an existing switching element, which is set to the short-circuit current of the network concerned, or to generate a defined continuous short circuit, which is defined in certain applications as a so-called fail-safe state.
  • the switching element is a changeover contact.
  • the changeover contact closes the varistor circuit in a known manner via a soldering point. If the switching element is triggered, another contact is closed, which can be connected as either an internal or external defect indicator or just via a corresponding external connection as a short circuit.
  • a fuse for the case that fails after a failure of a first varistor switched redundant second varistor is, according to DE 41 24 321 C2 therein, the redundant varistor either by opening a switch in the cross-current path or by opening the switch in the longitudinal current path of the voltage to separate. This will be simultaneous the system to be protected is disconnected from the mains and protected against harmful overvoltages. Alternatively, it should also be possible to bridge the cross-current path by shorting an additional switch, so that ultimately the protected system is short-circuited. The opening of this necessary switch can be done synchronously via a common operation.
  • a further developed surge arrester with at least one diverting element, in particular a varistor, as well as with a separating device, on the one hand a thermally realizable separation of the at least one diverting element can be made, but also the possibility of further energetic , in particular thermal load to cause the short circuit case.
  • the overvoltage arrester should hereby have a simple and inexpensive construction and still ensure high security for different applications.
  • the separation device should disconnect the Matternapssabieiter automatically and as needed in the event of a fault or bring about a desired short circuit without pre-activation measures such. B. a manual intervention or the like must be made.
  • the core idea of the invention is that in the path of movement of the movable conductor section between the melting point, in particular a solder joint, and a conductive element forming a mating contact a thermally triggered stopper is located, which realizes a staggered operation in terms of separation and shorting of the respective diverter.
  • the geometric distance from the fixed outer terminal of the varistor is sufficient for the usual separation. If there is an error case in which the separating device can not safely interrupt the current and an arc between the fixed terminal of the varistor and the movable switching tongue, ie the conductor portion arises or remains, which corresponds to an additional heat input, the stopping effect is lifted and the movable Ladder section can move to the final position.
  • This end position consists of the conductive element, i. H. from a potentialed mating contact, causing the varistor and disconnecting device to be shorted.
  • the shutdown of the short circuit and thus the separation of the surge arrester from the network takes over in a conventional manner an upstream overcurrent protection device, in particular a fuse.
  • the Matternapssabieiter can thus be protected from mechanical destruction or fire, even with heavy overloading and a possible excessive demand of its separation device. In such cases of failure, the response of an overcurrent protection device and even the loss of the mains supply to a potentially severe damage to electrical equipment is acceptable.
  • the stop means may be thermally conductively connected to the respective discharge element and made of a temperature-sensitive material, such as solder, wax or plastic.
  • stop device on or on the conductor section and / or the conductive element, in this case made of an insulating material.
  • the stopping means may, in one embodiment of the invention, be in the form of a bolt, a cone, a truncated cone, a sphere or a pyramid or the like of a similar geometrical shape.
  • the stop means may be located on the conductive element in one embodiment of the invention, wherein the conductor portion has a stop or a guide opening.
  • the guide opening may here have a diameter which is smaller than the average diameter of the cone, truncated cone or the diagonal of the pyramid.
  • the stopper may also consist of a film or a film layer, which is z. B. is located on the conductor portion and / or the conductive element and melts at thermal load and thus produces a conductive connection.
  • the film can be under mechanical prestress, so that in the case of thermal stress, a fast and safe removal of the film is possible.
  • the conductor section has a thermally sensitive constriction or a predetermined separation point.
  • the conductor section melts at this constriction or predetermined separation point and can immediately and thus quickly bypass the stopper and thus a connection between conductor portion and conductive element, d. H. produce the desired short circuit.
  • the stop device itself can consist of a thermally sensitive material or be fastened to the respective discharge device by means of such a material.
  • the stopping means and / or the fixing material for this device has a higher heat capacity or a higher melting point than the melting point for the thermal separating device designed according to the known state of the art.
  • FIG. 1 shows an electrical connection of a separating device and a mechanical embodiment of such a separating device according to the prior art
  • FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of the invention with a stop device as a movement-limiting element which is in thermal contact with a varistor;
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the stop device in the form of a thermally sensitive insulating film, which is arranged on the conductive element;
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the stop device in the form of a
  • Isolation cone located on the conductive element
  • Fig. 5 is a solution similar to that of FIG. 1, but with additional constriction or predetermined separation point in the movable conductor section for the case of extreme overloads and
  • Fig. 6 shows an embodiment with a movable conductor portion, which additionally has a bimetallic function for movement support.
  • a varistor 1 is connected in series with a separating device 2.
  • the separating device 2 consists of a movable connecting piece or a movable conductor section 3.
  • the movable conductor section 3 comprises a constriction 4 and a fusible link 5 toward a terminal contact 6.
  • the reference numeral 7 denotes a varistor connection.
  • a force vector F acts on the movable conductor section 3. If the temperature of the varistor 1 in the region of its terminal 6 reaches the temperature corresponding to the melting temperature of the solder at the soldering point 5, then the conductor section 3 moves away from the terminal 6 and interrupts the current flow through the varistor 1, which is the dashed position of the switch according to FIG. 1, left part, corresponds.
  • the Fig. 2 shows an example of a first embodiment of the teaching according to the invention with a stop device 9 which is located in the path of movement between the conductor section 3 and a conductive element 10.
  • the conductive element 10 is electrically connected to the mating contact 7.1 of the varistor 1.
  • the stopper 9 may consist in one embodiment of a blocking pin which is fixed with a temperature-sensitive material on the surface of the varistor 1.
  • the sequence of images from left to right according to FIGS. 2 to 6 shows, on the one hand, the position in the normal state of the surge arrester, the position with the disconnector (ATV) open and, finally, the position in the event of a short circuit.
  • the varistor 1 If the varistor 1 is thermally overloaded, first the melting or soldering point 5 opens and there is a movement of the movable conductor section 3 up to the point of contact with the stop device 9 using the force F.
  • the stop device on the one hand itself may consist of a temperature-sensitive material, for. B. designed as a film of low-melting plastic or formed as a conical stopper of a low-melting plastic or wax.
  • any element with low heat capacity which has been attached by a temperature-sensitive material, can be used.
  • conductive element 10 contact piece
  • the separating device behaves in a known manner.
  • the solder connection is opened by melting between the movable conductor section and the fixed varistor connection, as a result of the heating of the varistor 1.
  • the conductor section 3 moves as far as the stop device 9 as a result of the spring force F, producing a safe separation point.
  • the separating device is now not overloaded in terms of their switching capacity.
  • the realization of a short circuit or the further movement of the switching tongue is not necessary. In this case, a pure fail-open behavior of the varistor is sufficient.
  • the switching capacity of the separating device is not sufficient to safely extinguish a resulting arc, further measures are necessary.
  • the behavior of the varistor automatically changes from a fail-open to a fail-short behavior.
  • the range of movement of the conductor section can be extended and on the other hand the force effect on the stop device according to the invention or an insulating intermediate layer or foil can be increased.
  • the additional power system may alternatively used to move the conductor portion also for movement of the stopper or the film (not shown). Again, only the ongoing current flow with corresponding heating is used.
  • the staggering can now be carried out so that the thermally sensitive material of the separation device (melting point 5) has a lower heat capacity and / or a lower melting temperature than that of the stop device 9.
  • the separating device first opens. In a further increase to a temperature which is greater than the first temperature, then melts the temperature-sensitive material, which fixes the stopper 9. The stopper then loses its mechanical connection to the varistor and clears the way for further execution of the movement of the conductor portion.
  • the energy required for melting the connection between the stop device 9 and the varistor 1 can arise on the one hand by a further heating of the varistor, but also by the arc which has arisen due to the opening between the varistor connection 6 and the movable conductor section 3.
  • the separating device due to the spring force F can get to the opposite pole contact piece 10 (conductive element) and contact this.
  • the resulting short-circuit causes the arc to be extinguished and the upstream overcurrent protection device can safely switch off the fault current.
  • the staggered behavior of the separating device can be realized not only via a stop device but also via a stop device insulating film 11, which is located directly on the conductive element 10.
  • a stop device By the force of the spring is then the separating device or the conductor section 3 to the opposite pole contact piece, d. H. the conductive element 10 moves.
  • the film 11 thereon ensures sufficient insulation. Upon further energy input, the film melts and releases the conductive element 10, so that the desired short circuit can occur. This energy input can either continue to be supplied through the varistor or through an arc.
  • the elimination of the insulating film can also by aids such. As melting waxes, bimetals or the like, which support a pulling or pushing away of the film can be accelerated. Also, the film itself can be biased by means of a spring force.
  • Fig. 4 shows an embodiment in which a lower energy input is sufficient to release the movement of the conductor section 3.
  • an insulating cone 12 is located on the conductive element 10.
  • the conductor section 3 first strikes the tip of the insulating cone 12 If a safe separation point could not be produced and a further energy input takes place, the insulation cone 12 or a temperature-sensitive surface coating arranged on it melts. This reduces the diameter of the insulating cone 12 and the residual volume of the insulating cone 12 can pass through the aforementioned opening, whereby in the end a short circuit between the conductor section 3 and the conductive element 10 can be produced again.
  • the use of the effect of a Lichtbogenabbrands based on the conductor section 3 will be exemplified. If, in the event of a fault, the separating device opens and a significant arc erosion occurs due to a large fault current, the conductive element 10 can also be designed such that the remaining part of the conductor section 3 that has not yet been burned off forms a short-circuit directly.
  • the conductor section 3 can be provided with further functional aids, which allow an analogous function.
  • the conductor section 3 here has a current-sensitive or thermally sensitive constriction 4, which allows for a further heating due to the current flow, the arc and so on a defined separation of the conductor section 3 in order to realize the short circuit with the remaining portion.
  • the separating device or the conductor section 3, but also the stop device can have a bimetallic function, which on the one hand allows the cancellation of the stop function and on the other hand supports the movement of the conductor section. Also, another force can be abruptly applied to the ladder section to overcome the effect of the stopper. This can be z. B. via a prestressed spring whose force is released only upon further heating of the varistor or heating in certain areas of the arrester or the leads.
  • the functional stop function is determined by reaching the end position of the spring 13.
  • the conductor section 3 is further deflected due to the bimetallic properties to the potential-charged mating contact (conductive element 10) and thus forms the short circuit.
  • the short-circuit path can also have an activation independent of the disconnecting arm and additionally use heat generated in the region of the separating device.
  • attachment of a retaining wire to the stop device 9 would be possible.
  • the turn-off characteristic of the separating device varies depending on the error intensity.
  • an opening function takes place up to a first position. Only with a further input of energy then the movable conductor section is transferred to a second position, whereby a short circuit of the arrester can be realized.
  • the additional energy input can be introduced by further heating of the varistor directly and / or by a resulting arc.
  • the conductor section 3 can immediately go into short-circuit with the conductive element 12, for which purpose a bottleneck or predetermined separation point is provided in or on the conductor section.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un parafoudre comprenant au moins un élément de dérivation, en particulier une varistance, et un dispositif sectionneur pour isoler le ou les éléments de dérivation du réseau et/ou pour les court-circuiter. Le dispositif sectionneur comprend : un point de fusion, notamment un point de soudure, qui est inclus dans le trajet de connexion électrique à l'intérieur du parafoudre, sachant que par l'intermédiaire du point de fusion, d'une part une section mobile de conducteur est reliée à l'élément de dérivation respectif, et d'autre part la section de conducteur est reliée à un premier branchement extérieur; et un moyen produisant une force de précontrainte, notamment un ressort, le vecteur de force agissant indirectement ou directement sur la section de conducteur dans la direction de sectionnement. Le dispositif sectionneur comprend en outre un élément conducteur, dont la première extrémité est reliée à un deuxième branchement électrique extérieur et dont la deuxième extrémité peut être amenée en contact avec la section de conducteur. Selon l'invention, un dispositif d'arrêt à déclenchement thermique se trouve dans le trajet de déplacement de la section de conducteur entre le point de fusion et l'élément conducteur, dispositif qui réalise un mode de fonctionnement échelonné concernant l'isolement et le court-circuitage de l'élément de dérivation respectif.
PCT/EP2008/063764 2007-10-16 2008-10-14 Parafoudre avec au moins un élément de dérivation, en particulier une varistance, et avec un dispositif sectionneur WO2009050151A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT08838567T ATE451742T1 (de) 2007-10-16 2008-10-14 Überspannungsableiter mit mindestens einem ableitelement, insbesondere einem varistor, sowie mit einer abtrennvorrichtung
EP08838567A EP2070169B1 (fr) 2007-10-16 2008-10-14 Parafoudre avec au moins un element de derivation, en particulier une varistance, et avec un dispositif sectionneur
DE502008000245T DE502008000245D1 (de) 2007-10-16 2008-10-14 Überspannungsableiter mit mindestens einem ableitelement, insbesondere einem varistor, sowie mit einer abtrennvorrichtung

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007049567 2007-10-16
DE102007049567.8 2007-10-16
DE102008049472.0 2008-09-29
DE102008049472A DE102008049472A1 (de) 2007-10-16 2008-09-29 Überspannungsableiter mit mindestens einem Ableitelement, insbesondere einem Varistor, sowie mit einer Abtrennvorrichtung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009050151A1 true WO2009050151A1 (fr) 2009-04-23

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ID=40149684

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PCT/EP2008/063764 WO2009050151A1 (fr) 2007-10-16 2008-10-14 Parafoudre avec au moins un élément de dérivation, en particulier une varistance, et avec un dispositif sectionneur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2070169B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009050151A1 (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3228471A1 (de) * 1982-07-30 1984-02-09 Dehn + Söhne GmbH + Co KG, 8500 Nürnberg Ueberspannungsschutzgeraet
DE3318588A1 (de) * 1983-05-21 1984-11-22 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Varistorsicherungselement

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3228471A1 (de) * 1982-07-30 1984-02-09 Dehn + Söhne GmbH + Co KG, 8500 Nürnberg Ueberspannungsschutzgeraet
DE3318588A1 (de) * 1983-05-21 1984-11-22 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Varistorsicherungselement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2070169A1 (fr) 2009-06-17
EP2070169B1 (fr) 2009-12-09

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