WO2009049244A1 - Chaussure de patin - Google Patents

Chaussure de patin Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2009049244A1
WO2009049244A1 PCT/US2008/079630 US2008079630W WO2009049244A1 WO 2009049244 A1 WO2009049244 A1 WO 2009049244A1 US 2008079630 W US2008079630 W US 2008079630W WO 2009049244 A1 WO2009049244 A1 WO 2009049244A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tendon guard
foot portion
tendon
skate
ankle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2008/079630
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Scott Van Horne
David Cruikshank
Original Assignee
Dasc Skating Llc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dasc Skating Llc filed Critical Dasc Skating Llc
Publication of WO2009049244A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009049244A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes
    • A43B5/16—Skating boots
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B3/00—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use
    • A43B3/34—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use with electrical or electronic arrangements
    • A43B3/35—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use with electrical or electronic arrangements with electric heating arrangements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B3/00—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use
    • A43B3/34—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use with electrical or electronic arrangements
    • A43B3/38—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use with electrical or electronic arrangements with power sources
    • A43B3/42—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use with electrical or electronic arrangements with power sources where power is generated by conversion of mechanical movement to electricity, e.g. by piezoelectric means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes
    • A43B5/16—Skating boots
    • A43B5/1666—Skating boots characterised by the upper
    • A43B5/1691—Skating boots characterised by the upper characterised by the higher part of the upper, e.g. surrounding the ankle, by the quarter or cuff
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43C—FASTENINGS OR ATTACHMENTS OF FOOTWEAR; LACES IN GENERAL
    • A43C11/00—Other fastenings specially adapted for shoes
    • A43C11/002—Fastenings using stretchable material attached to cuts in the uppers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to ice skates and more specifically to the construction of the skate boot.
  • Skating locomotion is based on propulsion through a glide technique.
  • the skate blade that is performing the push glides at a right angle to the direction of the push force (Boer et al., 1986; Boer et al., 1989; van Ingen Schenua et al., 1980; van Ingen Schenua et al., 1985, van Ingen Schenua at al., 1987).
  • This causes the trajectory of the body to look like a sine wave (Boer et al., 1986; Deloij et al., 1986).
  • the motion of one leg during skating involves a glide phase, a push phase, and a recovery phase (Allinger and Motl, 2000).
  • the push phase is the only phase where the generation of velocity occurs.
  • a skate boot in one embodiment, includes a foot portion configured to receive and secure a foot of a wearer.
  • the skate boot includes a first tendon guard positioned proximal an Achilles tendon of a wearer of the skate boot, the first tendon guard being connected to the foot portion at a first articulation point and adjacent the foot portion along a medial abutment line and a lateral abutment line.
  • the skate boot may optionally include a second tendon guard connected to the foot portion at a second articulation point and to the first tendon guard, the second tendon guard covering the first articulation point.
  • an elastomeric band is connected to the foot portion and to the first tendon guard and configured to bias the first tendon guard to a closed position.
  • an electrical generator is provided to heat an ice skate interconnected to the skate boot.
  • each of the expressions "at least one of A, B and C", “at least one of A, B, or C", “one or more of A, B, and C", “one or more of A, B, or C" and "A, B, and/or C" means A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, or A, B and C together.
  • FIG. IA illustrates an embodiment of an articulating tendon guard from a sagittal view according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. IB is a rear view of the articulating tendon guard illustrated in
  • FIG. IA is a diagrammatic representation of FIG. IA.
  • FIG. 2A is a top view of the primary tendon guard and neoprene strap of the embodiment of FIG. IA.
  • FIG. 2B is a sagittal view of the primary tendon guard and neoprene strap of the embodiment of FIG. IA.
  • FIG. 3A illustrates a an articulating tendon guard from a sagittal view according to a further embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 3B is a rear view of the articulating tendon guard illustrated in
  • FIG. 3A is a diagrammatic representation of FIG. 3A.
  • FIG. 3C is another sagittal view of the embodiment of FIG. 3A.
  • FIG. 3 C the skate boot is illustrated with the tendon guards in an ankle plantar flexed position.
  • FIG. 4A illustrates an articulating tendon guard according to another example embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 4B is a sagittal view of the articulating tendon guard of FIG. 4A with the tendon guards in an ankle plantar flexed position.
  • FIG. 4C is a sagittal view of the articulating tendon guard of FIG. 4A with the tendon guards in an ankle dorsi flexed position.
  • FIG. 5 is a photograph of the Graf Supra 703 (left), and the CCM 952
  • FIG. 6 is a photograph of the Graf Supra 703 modified for the ankle extension (left), and the CCM 952 Super Tacks modified with a removed upper tendon guard (right), showing maximal ankle extension (plantar flexion).
  • the ankle joint axis is marked by a dot 18, and the knee joint axis is marked by a dot 19.
  • FIG. 7 is a photograph of a bare foot showing three successive ankle extension positions. The ankle axis of rotation is marked by a dot 18.
  • FIG. 8 is a photograph of a VH stock custom speed skate showing maximal ankle extension (plantar flexion).
  • the ankle joint axis is marked by a dot 18, and the knee joint axis is marked by a dot 19.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic of a speed skating push with the pivot point positioned in the same place as the end of the hockey skate blade, and a schematic of a hockey skating push.
  • Rigid links were created between the hip joint, knee joint, ankle joint, and the point where rotation of the foot occurs (pivot point) for biomechanical analysis.
  • FIG. 10 is photographs showing the data collection set up in the laboratory.
  • FIG. 11 is a graph showing the final center of mass velocity for a simulated skating push with a conventional hockey skate and the ankle extension skate. Data presented are averages with 95% confidence intervals for ten subjects.
  • FIG. 12 is a graph showing the ankle energy generated during the explosive push phase for a simulated skating push with a conventional hockey skate and the ankle extension conversion skate. Data presented are averages with 95% confidence intervals for ten subjects.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram of the gliding direction of the pushing skate, final
  • CM velocity vector and the component of the CM velocity vector in the direction of forward motion for the ankle extension conversion skate and the traditional hockey skate.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram representing the movement of two hypothetical hockey players skating maximally towards a puck 12.27m away.
  • Player 1 represents a player wearing the ankle extension conversion skate.
  • Player 2 represents a player wearing a traditional hockey skate.
  • FIG. 15 is photographs of the Graf Supra 703 unmodified, and modified for the ankle extension, during maximal eversion and inversion of the ankle joint. Photographs were taken from the frontal view. The center of the ankle joint axis is marked by a dot 18, and the center of the knee joint axis is marked by a dot 19.
  • an articulating tendon guard uses a neoprene lower leg strap 5 to connect the articulating tendon guard to the lower leg of a wearer.
  • the skate boot has two cuts 2 angled distally towards the ankle axis of rotation, forming the tendon guard 1 between them.
  • the two cuts meet approximately 20mm shy of each other at the point of articulation 3.
  • the point of articulation is along the same horizontal axis as the ankle joint center and therefore allows complete unrestricted plantar flexion of the ankle joint.
  • An elastomeric band 4 is inserted between the inner and outer layers of the upper and sewn in place.
  • the elastomeric band 4 crosses the cut 2 and provides recoil of the tendon guard 1, after ankle extension.
  • a lower leg strap 5, which may be made of neoprene for example, is preferably adhered and stitched 6 to the tendon guard.
  • the strap 5 fastens to the lower leg by a hook and loop attachment 7 on the anterior side of the leg (shin), as illustrated in FIGS. 2A and 2B.
  • the tendon guard is formed by modifying an existing skate boot by cutting the skate boot at cuts 2 and adding the lower leg strap 5 and elastomeric band 4.
  • the tendon guard is formed separately from the skate boot and attached thereto at articulation point 3 by a method known in the art of connecting the selected materials.
  • FIGS. 1 Another example embodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIGS.
  • a lower leg strap 5 may optionally be omitted while a secondary tendon guard 10 is added to help protect the articulation 3 of the primary tendon guard 1.
  • the secondary tendon guard 10 is also preferably biased to assist in recoil of the primary tendon.
  • the secondary tendon guard 10 articulates at a point 8 that is between 1 cm and 5 cm below the articulation of the primary tendon guard 3.
  • the secondary tendon guard 10 is attached to the primary tendon guard 1 at point 9 with a connector such as a rivet, bolt and t-nut, and the like.
  • electrical generation components are added to moving parts in the skate boot so that current can be conducted to the blade where resisters will convert the electric current into heat. It has been shown that heated blades glide 50-75% better than non- heated blades due to reduced ice friction. Electrical generation component 12 generates a current when component 13 slides over it as the tendon guards are extended and then recoiled. Electrical generation component 15 also generates a current when component 14 slides over it as the tongue is flexed forward and then recoiled. The current that is generated is conducted along the wire 16 and is converted into heat by the resistors 17 that lie in small recesses in the skate blade.
  • the skate boot embodiment analyzed in this testing has a tendon guard that allows a much larger range of motion at the ankle joint than what is currently allowed with conventional hockey skate boots.
  • the ankle extension allows for a larger range of motion through increased ankle extension. It was speculated that this increased ankle joint extension would result in higher energy generation and a slight elongation of the push, resulting in increased acceleration and maximal skating velocity.
  • FIG. 5 shows an ankle extension angle of 106.5°. This angle was believed to be the common extension angle with conventional hockey skates.
  • FIG. 6 shows an extension angle of 122° for the ankle extension. Even in FIG. 6 where the upper tendon guard is removed from CCM 952 Super Tacks an extension angle of only 110.5° could be achieved. The reason for the 11.5° larger extension angle can be clearly seen in FIG. 7, where rotation occurs through the ankle axis. The ankle axis of rotation runs approximately through the malleoli (ankle bones). It can be clearly seen that any rigid structure extending vertically above the ankle axis will inhibit ankle extension, and prematurely end the skating push. Therefore, even with the upper tendon guard cut (FIG.
  • FIG. 8 shows an ankle extension angle of 137°, the maximum allowable with a speed skate. This information was used to extrapolate a skating push with a conventional hockey skate and a hockey skate with the ankle extension from the data. Subjects
  • Angular energetics and center of mass (CM) movements were determined on all ten subjects while using their own klap speed skates.
  • the klap skate pivot point point of foot rotation was positioned in the same place as the end of the hockey skate blade, to create similar pushing mechanics (FIG. 9).
  • the push phase was analyzed on a modified slide board apparatus to greatly reduce the errors associated with on-ice kinetic and kinematic testing; exact testing methodology used by Van Home and Stefanyshyn.
  • the modified slide board model was set up as follows: a 20 foot by 4 foot melamin sheet had a small block of wood at one end where the subject performed the simulated skating push, from this point the subject slid along the board until friction stopped him.
  • the slide board was bolted to a force platform, and was surrounded by seven high-speed digital cameras, at the location of the board where the pushes occurred.
  • the pushing foot was in a speed skate that had a protective low resistance material under the blade, so that the blade and slide board was not damaged.
  • the contrilateral foot was clad in a running shoe covered with a wool sock. Ten maximal pushes were executed by each subject. [0054]
  • the start of the push phase was defined as the instant when the knee angular velocity exceeded 90deg/s, a value previously used in the literature to identify the start of the explosive push phase (Houdijk et al., 2002).
  • a two-dimensional sagittal plane analysis was performed after smoothing both the video data (fourth-order low-pass Butterworth filter with a cutoff frequency of 10 Hz) and the force data (fourth-order low-pass Butterworth filter with a cutoff frequency of 100 Hz).
  • Resultant joint moments were determined using inverse dynamics and then used to calculate joint power by taking the product of the resultant joint moment and the joint angular velocity (Winter, 1987).
  • Energy was determined by integration of the joint power curve. Energy absorption occurs when the resultant joint moment is opposite in direction to the angular velocity. Energy production occurs when the resultant joint moment is in the same direction as the joint angular velocity.
  • the ankle extension conversion skate had a final CM velocity of 2.83 (+ 0.045) m/s.
  • the conventional hockey skate had a final CM velocity of 2.66 (+ 0.045) m/s.
  • the ankle extension allowed for a 15.5° larger range of ankle joint motion than the traditional hockey skate through increased ankle extension. Through simulations, this increased ankle extension was shown to allow a skater to generate 9.67 J more energy at the ankle joint during the push phase. This translated into a higher final center of mass velocity during the push phase. In a hypothetical scenario where two players were racing for a puck 12.27m away the player with the ankle extension skate reached the puck 0.04 seconds sooner than the player with traditional hockey skates. A 0.04 second time advantage at a velocity of 8.52 m/s translates into a distance of 34 cm, more than enough distance to gain control of the puck.
  • the ankle extension is a tendon guard with the addition of a neoprene lower leg strap (FIG. IA, IB, 2A, and 2B).
  • the tendon guard [1] has two cuts [2] angled distally towards the ankle axis of rotation. The two cuts meet approximately 20mm shy of each other at the point of bending [3].
  • An elostomeric band [4] that is inserted between the inner and outer layers of the upper and sewn in place, crosses the cut [2] and provides recoil of the tendon guard [1], after ankle extension.
  • a neoprene lower leg strap [5] is adhered and stitched [6] to the tendon guard.
  • the neoprene strap [5] fastens to the lower leg by a hook and loop attachment [7], on the anterior side of the leg (shin).
  • the advantage of the ankle extension over previous embodiments is simplicity, effectiveness, and comfort. Very little adjustment to the traditional manufacturing process is needed to build the new skate into a traditional hockey skate: two cuts and four stitch-lines need to be added.
  • the new skate allows for increased ankle joint extension without any detriment to support or stability. With the addition of the neoprene lower leg strap the wearer feels increased comfort, and the tendon guard stays within a closer proximity to the achilles tendon throughout the range of motion, increasing protection.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une chaussure de patin incluant une partie de pied configurée pour recevoir et fixer le pied d'un utilisateur. La chaussure de patin inclut un premier protège-tendon positionné à proximité du tendon d'Achille d'un utilisateur de la chaussure de patin, le premier protège-tendon étant raccordé à la partie de pied au niveau d'un premier point d'articulation et adjacent à la partie de pied le long d'une ligne de butée médiane et d'une ligne de butée latérale. La chaussure de patin peut éventuellement inclure un second protège-tendon raccordé à la partie de pied au niveau d'un second point d'articulation et au premier protège-tendon, le second protège-tendon couvrant le premier point d'articulation. Dans au moins un mode de réalisation, une bande élastomère est raccordée à la partie de pied et au premier protège-tendon et est configurée pour solliciter le premier protège-tendon vers une position fermée. Dans au moins un mode de réalisation, un générateur électrique est prévu pour chauffer un patin à glace interconnecté à la chaussure.
PCT/US2008/079630 2007-10-10 2008-10-10 Chaussure de patin WO2009049244A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US97875807P 2007-10-10 2007-10-10
US60/978,758 2007-10-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009049244A1 true WO2009049244A1 (fr) 2009-04-16

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PCT/US2008/079630 WO2009049244A1 (fr) 2007-10-10 2008-10-10 Chaussure de patin

Country Status (2)

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US (1) US20090243238A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009049244A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

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EP2777415A1 (fr) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-17 Bauer Hockey Corp. Chaussure de patin ayant un protège-tendon avec un évidement
US9408435B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2016-08-09 Bauer Hockey, Inc. Skate boot having a tendon guard with a recess

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US10974123B2 (en) 2016-12-22 2021-04-13 Bauer Hockey Llc Ice skate blade
US11071903B2 (en) 2016-12-22 2021-07-27 Bauer Hockey Llc Ice skate blade
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