WO2009039712A1 - Procédé et système pour obtenir des secteurs de couverture en utilisant des unités radios énantiomorphes - Google Patents

Procédé et système pour obtenir des secteurs de couverture en utilisant des unités radios énantiomorphes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009039712A1
WO2009039712A1 PCT/CN2008/000194 CN2008000194W WO2009039712A1 WO 2009039712 A1 WO2009039712 A1 WO 2009039712A1 CN 2008000194 W CN2008000194 W CN 2008000194W WO 2009039712 A1 WO2009039712 A1 WO 2009039712A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
unit
signal
radio frequency
digital
downlink
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Application number
PCT/CN2008/000194
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Meiling Ding
Linjiang Chen
Jufeng Gu
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Zte Corporation
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Publication date
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Publication of WO2009039712A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009039712A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24—Cell structures
    • H04W16/28—Cell structures using beam steering

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a partition coverage technique based on a baseband unit (BBU) and a radio frequency unit (RRU) structure in a mobile communication system, and more particularly to a method and system for implementing partition coverage using a mirrored RRU.
  • BBU baseband unit
  • RRU radio frequency unit
  • Partition coverage of wireless communication systems is a basic requirement for providing continuous services. Due to the wireless signal propagation characteristics of the coverage area and the limited power amplifier of the wireless system, multi-channel technology has become an important means of solving the coverage of the partition.
  • the smart antenna is also called The array antenna is capable of adaptively beamforming the mobile user signal and tracking the motion of the user; another prior art technique is to place different antennas on different floors to provide indoor coverage, as shown in FIG.
  • a baseband unit can be connected to a plurality of radio frequency units (RRUs) to fully utilize the processing capabilities of the BBU.
  • each antenna needs to have a separate uplink channel processing unit in the baseband and intermediate frequency parts, so the number of channels occupied is larger; and the downlink power is equally distributed to multiple antennas. Can cause signal distortion and shorten the antenna coverage distance.
  • each antenna corresponds to a separate uplink and downlink channel processing unit; and if a coupler is used to combine multiple antenna analog signals into one channel processing unit, it is not conducive to multi-antenna management.
  • the analog signal may be distorted during the transmission process, the signal coverage distance of the uplink and downlink RRUs may be shortened, and the smart antenna technology may not be utilized.
  • partition coverage in a wireless communication system faces various challenges. On the one hand, it is desirable to cover as much as possible. On the other hand, it is desirable to occupy the least amount of uplink and downlink channel processing resources while ensuring normal signal processing. If the system can achieve equalization in channel processing power and antenna processing capability, it will play an important role in system application and performance improvement.
  • the transmission of digital signals between the baseband processing section and the RF processing section will increase the reliability and flexibility of signal transmission and reduce the complexity of the construction, especially for wireless communication systems employing multiple antenna techniques.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and system for realizing partition coverage by using a mirrored radio unit, which not only expands the coverage capability of the cell but also increases the requirement for the BBU processing capability.
  • the present invention provides a method for implementing partition coverage by using a mirrored radio unit, including:
  • radio frequency units are cascaded and connected to the baseband unit. Except for the farthest radio frequency unit, the other radio frequency units are mirrored radio frequency units;
  • Each of the radio frequency units independently converts the uplink analog signal received from the corresponding coverage area into a digital signal, and the far-end radio frequency unit transmits the obtained digital signal to the mirrored radio frequency unit of the next stage;
  • Each level of the mirrored RF unit superimposes the digital signal transmitted from the upper-level RF unit with the locally sampled digital signal and then transmits it to the next stage, so that it is transmitted step by step until the last mirrored RF unit will superimpose the number.
  • the signal is transmitted to the baseband unit for baseband processing.
  • the baseband unit separately transmits downlink digital signals to each of the cascaded radio frequency units, and each radio frequency unit independently converts the downlink digital signals into analog signals and transmits the signals to the corresponding coverage areas. Further, the digital signal transmission adopts a single channel transmission manner.
  • the radio frequency unit adopts multiple antennas, and adopts multi-channel transmission mode in digital signal transmission; in the uplink direction, each cascaded mirror radio frequency unit correspondingly receives signals of multiple antennas from corresponding coverage areas.
  • the analog-to-digital conversion is performed on each signal channel, and the digital signals transmitted from the upper-level radio frequency unit are superimposed and superimposed according to the identifiers of the respective signal channels, and are transmitted to the next stage until the last-level mirrored radio frequency unit is superposed on the alignment.
  • the digital signals are transmitted to respective corresponding signal channels in the baseband unit for baseband processing.
  • the superimposing the digital signal transmitted from the upper-level radio frequency unit and the digital signal obtained by the local sampling is a saturated superposition method.
  • the baseband unit separately transmits the downlink digital signals from the respective signal channels to the respective radio frequency units, and each of the radio frequency units independently converts the downlink digital signals into analog signals and Each antenna corresponding to each signal channel is separately transmitted to a corresponding coverage area.
  • the radio frequency unit independently performs power calibration in the associated coverage area.
  • the cascaded plurality of radio frequency units include at least two radio frequency units, and each of the two radio frequency units is respectively connected to a set of linear array smart antennas, and the two sets of linear array smart antennas are respectively oriented in different directions.
  • the mirror beam shaping method is adopted, and when the user passes the intersection of two sectors corresponding to the two radio frequency units, the main beams of the two sets of beams face the same position.
  • the present invention further provides a system for realizing partition coverage by using a mirrored radio unit, the system comprising a plurality of cascaded radio frequency units, and a baseband unit connected to one of the radio frequency units, the cascade Except for the most remote primary RF unit, the rest of the RF units are mirrored RF units, where:
  • the baseband unit is configured to receive, in an uplink direction, an uplink digital signal transmitted by a mirrored radio frequency unit of a first level and perform baseband processing;
  • the main radio unit is configured to convert the received analog signal into a digital signal in an uplink direction, and transmit the signal to the mirror radio unit of the next stage;
  • the mirrored radio unit is configured to convert the received analog signal into a digital value in an uplink direction
  • the signal is superimposed with the digital signal obtained by the local sampling and transmitted to the mirrored radio unit or baseband unit of the next stage.
  • the baseband unit is further configured to separately transmit downlink digital signals to the cascaded radio frequency units in a downlink direction;
  • the primary radio frequency unit and the mirrored radio frequency unit are further configured to independently convert the downlink digital signal into an analog signal in a downlink direction and transmit the signal to the corresponding coverage area.
  • the primary radio unit includes an antenna unit, an uplink signal conversion unit, and a downlink signal conversion unit, where:
  • the antenna unit is configured to send the downlink signal output by the downlink signal conversion unit in a corresponding coverage area, and receive an uplink signal in a corresponding coverage area and output the signal to the uplink signal conversion unit;
  • the uplink signal conversion unit is configured to convert an analog signal received by the antenna unit into a digital signal, and output the image to a mirrored radio frequency unit of a next stage;
  • the downlink signal conversion unit is configured to convert the digital signal transmitted by the baseband unit into an analog signal, and output the signal to the antenna unit;
  • the mirrored radio unit includes an antenna unit, an uplink signal conversion unit, a downlink signal conversion unit, and a digital synthesis unit, where:
  • the antenna unit is configured to send the downlink signal output by the downlink signal conversion unit in a corresponding coverage area, and receive an uplink signal in a corresponding coverage area and output the signal to the uplink signal conversion unit;
  • the uplink signal conversion unit is configured to convert an analog signal received by the antenna unit into a digital signal, and output the signal to a digital synthesis unit;
  • the downlink signal conversion unit is configured to convert the digital signal transmitted by the baseband unit into an analog signal, and output the signal to the antenna unit;
  • the digital synthesizing unit is configured to superimpose the digital signal transmitted by the upper-level radio frequency unit and the digital signal output by the uplink signal converting unit.
  • the radio frequency unit uses a plurality of antennas; the uplink signal conversion unit performs analog-to-digital conversion on signals corresponding to the plurality of antennas from the corresponding coverage areas, and inputs And outputting to the digital synthesizing unit; the digital synthesizing unit superimposes the digital signal transmitted from the upper-level radio frequency unit and the digital signal outputted by the uplink signal converting unit according to the identification of each signal channel and transmits to the next stage; The unit performs baseband processing on each downlink signal channel signal;
  • the baseband unit separately transmits downlink digital signals from its respective signal channels to the respective radio frequency units; the downlink signal conversion unit converts the downlink digital signals transmitted by the baseband unit into analog signals and respectively through respective antennas corresponding to the respective signal channels. Send to the appropriate coverage area.
  • the superposition performed by the mirrored radio frequency unit adopts a saturated superposition manner.
  • the cascaded plurality of radio frequency units include at least two radio frequency units, and each of the two radio frequency units is respectively connected to a set of linear array smart antennas, and the two sets of linear array smart antennas are respectively oriented in different directions. And adopting the mirror beamforming manner, when the user passes the intersection of two sectors corresponding to the two radio frequency units, the main beams of the two sets of beams face the same position.
  • the mirrored RRU is also applicable to some special networking scenarios, such as applying to highway/railway coverage scenarios to reduce dropped call drops, and applying to indoor coverage scenarios to support more coverage areas with fewer BBU channels. Wait.
  • the mirrored RRU is changed to the primary RRU, and the RRU signal is processed independently in the BBU to achieve the purpose of capacity expansion.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional smart antenna in road coverage
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an existing indoor coverage based on BBU plus RRU; 3 is a structural diagram of a system for implementing partition coverage by using a mirrored RRU according to the present invention;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a multi-mirror RRU according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of applying a mirrored RRU to a highway coverage according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of applying a mirrored RRU to an indoor coverage according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the primary RRU refers to the most remote RRU
  • the mirrored RRU refers to each RRU that is cascaded in the uplink direction to the primary RRU or to another mirrored RRU.
  • the BBU transmits a downlink digital signal to each of the cascaded RRUs, and each RRU independently acquires and converts the downlink digital signal into an analog signal and transmits it to the corresponding coverage area through the antenna.
  • the primary RRU and each mirrored RRU obtain the same downlink data from the same signal transmitted from the BBU.
  • each cascaded mirrored RRU converts the signal received by the antenna from the corresponding coverage area into an analog signal, and superimposes the digital signal transmitted by the upper stage RU with the locally sampled digital signal.
  • the superposition may adopt a saturated superposition method, that is, whether the digital signal transmitted from the upper RRU and the locally sampled digital signal are added to exceed the maximum threshold value, and if the superposition is exceeded, the superposition result is the maximum threshold value, if If there is no more than the superimposed result is the actual sum of the digital signals. Since the digital signals are superimposed, the bandwidth of the data transmission in the uplink and downlink directions is independent of the number of RRUs.
  • each antenna connected to each RRU can achieve independent power calibration.
  • the mirrored RRU technology can also be used in combination with traditional multi-channel technology. At this time, each RRU implements independent antenna correction. Conducive to the application of smart antennas.
  • the solution of mirroring RRU technology combined with multi-channel technology is as follows:
  • the BBU transmits downlink digital signals from its respective signal channels to the cascaded RRUs, and each RRU independently converts the downlink digital signals into analog signals and passes each The antennas corresponding to the signal channels are respectively sent to the corresponding coverage areas.
  • each cascaded RRU performs analog-to-digital conversion on signals corresponding to the plurality of antennas from the respective coverage areas, and the digital signals transmitted from the upper-level RUs are in accordance with the respective signal channels.
  • the identifier is superimposed and transferred to the next stage until the last stage mirror RU transmits the digital signal after the bit superposition to each corresponding signal channel in the BBU for baseband processing.
  • the digital signals are composed of the split signals on the respective signal channels, and the processing of each of the split signals is treated as the processing of the above one signal, so each RRU is locally sampled.
  • the obtained digital signal is superposed with the digital signal transmitted by the upper-level RU according to the channel number, that is, the sampling signal of the channel N is superimposed with the channel N signal transmitted by the previous stage, and the superposition method may adopt a saturated superposition.
  • the superposition method can also be an unsaturated superposition, but the unsaturated superposition complexity is low, which is suitable for the case where the signal superposition is unsaturated.
  • This alignment is beneficial to the use of smart antennas, but introduces certain uplink noise, which amplifies the thermal noise of the RRU coverage area of the user and has a certain negative impact on the system capacity, but introduces relatively few interference sources. Therefore, it is suitable for applications where capacity is not limited.
  • each RRU in the uplink direction, includes an antenna unit and an uplink signal conversion unit, and each of the mirrored RRUs further includes a digital synthesis unit.
  • each RRU in the downlink direction, includes a downlink signal conversion unit. among them:
  • the antenna unit on each RRU is configured to send the downlink signal outputted by the downlink signal conversion unit in the corresponding coverage area, and receive the uplink signal in the corresponding coverage area and output to the uplink signal conversion unit, which is composed of one or more antennas. ;
  • An uplink signal conversion unit on each RRU is configured to convert an uplink signal received by the antenna unit from an analog signal to a digital signal, and the uplink signal conversion unit may be composed of an analog-to-digital converter (A/D converter), A/D The number of converters is equal to the number of signal channels;
  • a digital synthesizing unit on each of the mirrored RRUs for superimposing the digital signal transmitted by the upper-level RRU with the digital signal obtained by the local sampling (that is, output by the uplink signal converting unit), and the digital synthesizing unit may be added by an adder or Similar to the device composition, the number of adders is equal to the number of signal channels;
  • a downlink signal conversion unit on each RRU is configured to convert the digital signal transmitted by the BBU into an analog signal output to the antenna unit, and the downlink signal conversion unit may be composed of a digital-to-analog converter (D/A converter), D/ The number of A converters is equal to the number of signal channels.
  • D/A converter digital-to-analog converter
  • Embodiment 1 is a scenario in which the technical solution of the present invention is applied to a cell covering multiple areas to reduce the network construction cost, as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the antennas of the N independent areas are respectively connected to the respective RRUs.
  • the BBU transmits the baseband digital domain signal that needs to be transmitted to the RRU, to N
  • the signal sent by the RRU is exactly the same; in the uplink direction, the RRU processes the received signal of the antenna independently, and outputs the baseband digital domain signal.
  • the mirrored RRU digitally superimposes the signal transmitted by the previous RRU and the local sampled signal according to the identifier of the signal channel. The superimposed signal is subjected to baseband processing by the BBU.
  • the RRU independently performs power calibration in the coverage area, so that one cell can cover N different coverage areas, thereby achieving wide coverage, reducing the need for BBU processing capability, and saving network construction cost.
  • the RRU (including the primary RRU and the mirrored RRU) directly outputs signals to the BBU, that is, no signal superposition is performed in the middle to form a multi-cell signal, and the corresponding baseband needs to separately process the multiple signals, and appropriately increase Transmission bandwidth between the BBU and the RRU.
  • N different coverage areas belonging to the same cell can be split into N or N different cells, thereby achieving the purpose of improving network capacity. Therefore, the mirrored RRU technology has good scalability.
  • Embodiment 2 is a scenario in which the technical solution of the present invention is applied to highway coverage, as shown in FIG. Taking TD-SCDMA technology as an example, it is assumed that each group consists of two sets of linear array smart antennas including M antennas, which are respectively oriented in two directions of the highway, and each set of smart antennas is respectively connected to one RRU.
  • the orientation of each set of antennas is different.
  • the orientation of the antenna itself corresponds to different coverage areas, but due to the directional shaping, the signal can follow
  • the weight changes direction.
  • the shield is used to enlarge the coverage area, and at the same time, the effect of simultaneously forming the overlapping area can be achieved.
  • the RRU performs power calibration and antenna correction on the respective smart antennas.
  • the digital baseband signal output by the BBU is simultaneously transmitted to the cascaded RRU, and the two RRUs acquire the same baseband signal and perform subsequent downlink signal processing; in the uplink direction, each RRU pair
  • the signals received on the M antennas are independently processed in the corresponding M signal channels, and the baseband data of the M antennas are sampled, and the mirrored RRUs transmit the digital signals and the local sampled signals transmitted by the upper RRU according to the signal channels.
  • the identifier is superimposed and transmitted to the next-level RRU, and finally the B-band performs the baseband signal processing of the M-channel, including the processing related to the smart antenna, and M is greater than or equal to 1.
  • the above-mentioned alignment superposition means that the signals of the first antenna of the first set of smart antenna antennas and the signals of the first antenna of the second set of smart antennas are superimposed, or, finally, the baseband
  • the first channel of the resulting signal is the sum of the signals of the first antennas of all smart antennas
  • the second channel is the sum of the signals of the second antennas of all smart antennas, and so on. It can be seen from Fig.
  • the smart antenna array composed of M ⁇ L antennas has the same data input from the RRU channel, so that the two sets of downlink beams are exactly the same, that is, the mirror beam is shaped.
  • the main beams of the two sets of beams face the same position (ie, the position where the user is located), which is the edge covered by the two sets of smart antennas, and the signal quality is poor, so the two sets of antennas At the same time, the position is shaped to enhance the signal shield, thereby reducing the dropped calls in the overlapping area.
  • Embodiment 3 is a scenario in which the technical solution of the present invention is applied to indoor coverage, as shown in FIG. 6. Taking WCDMA technology as an example, it is assumed that each antenna covers different areas separately, and each antenna is connected to one RRU.
  • the digital baseband signal output by the BBU is transmitted to all the cascaded RRUs, and each RRU acquires the same baseband signal and performs subsequent downlink signal processing; in the uplink direction, each RRU receives the signal independently on the antenna, And sample the antenna baseband data, and then The data transmitted by the previous RU is saturated and superimposed with the local antenna sample data, and transmitted to the next RRU. The last stage RRU transfers the superimposed data to the BBU for baseband processing.
  • the mirrored R U technology is used in multiple unrelated areas to obtain multiple coverage zones of the same cell, which meets the network coverage requirements, reduces the need for processing power of the baseband processing unit, and reduces the network construction cost.
  • the mirrored RRU is also applicable to some special networking scenarios, such as applying to highway/railway coverage scenarios to reduce dropped call drops, and applying to indoor coverage scenarios to support more coverage areas with fewer BBU channels. Wait.
  • the method and system of the present invention can obtain multiple coverage zones of the same cell, satisfy the network coverage requirements, reduce the need for the processing capability of the baseband processing unit, and reduce the network construction cost; the method and method of the present invention
  • the system is also suitable for some special networking scenarios, such as applying to highway/railway coverage scenarios to reduce dropped call drops, to indoor coverage scenarios to support more coverage areas with fewer BBU channels.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention propose un procédé et un système pour obtenir des secteurs de couverture en utilisant des unités radios énantiomorphes. Le procédé comprend les opérations suivantes : une pluralité d'unités radios sont connectées à une unité en bande de base après que les unités radios ont été concaténées entre elles, à l'exception de l'unité radio la plus éloignée, les autres unités radios étant toutes les unités radios énantiomorphes ; chaque unité radio énantiomorphe convertit indépendamment des signaux analogiques de liaison montante reçus en provenance du secteur de couverture correspondant en signaux numériques, l'unité radio la plus éloignée transfère les signaux numériques obtenus à l'unité radio énantiomorphe d'étage suivant, chaque unité radio énantiomorphe d'étage ajoute les signaux numériques transférés par l'unité radio énantiomorphe d'étage supérieur aux signaux numériques obtenus par échantillonnage local, puis transfère les signaux numériques ajoutés à l'étage suivant, le transfert étage par étage se poursuivant ainsi jusqu'à ce que la dernière unité radio énantiomorphe transfère les signaux numériques ajoutés à l'unité en bande de base pour effectuer des traitements en bande de base. En utilisant le procédé de la présente invention, une pluralité de secteurs couverts dans une même cellule pourraient être obtenus pour satisfaire au besoin de couverture pour un réseau, pour réduire le besoin de capacité de traitement de l'unité de traitement en bande de base et pour réduire les coûts d'établissement du réseau.
PCT/CN2008/000194 2007-09-25 2008-01-28 Procédé et système pour obtenir des secteurs de couverture en utilisant des unités radios énantiomorphes WO2009039712A1 (fr)

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CNA2007101546925A CN101141778A (zh) 2007-09-25 2007-09-25 利用镜像射频单元实现分区覆盖的方法和系统
CN200710154692.5 2007-09-25

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US8565193B2 (en) * 2008-10-16 2013-10-22 Elektrobit Wireless Communications Oy Beam forming method, apparatus and system
US8892094B2 (en) * 2010-06-15 2014-11-18 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Cell search and measurement in heterogeneous networks
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CN107517503B (zh) * 2016-06-17 2020-06-09 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种处理装置、bbu、rru及天线校正方法

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