WO2009039666A1 - Module solaire souple et procédé pour sa fabrication - Google Patents

Module solaire souple et procédé pour sa fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009039666A1
WO2009039666A1 PCT/CA2008/001729 CA2008001729W WO2009039666A1 WO 2009039666 A1 WO2009039666 A1 WO 2009039666A1 CA 2008001729 W CA2008001729 W CA 2008001729W WO 2009039666 A1 WO2009039666 A1 WO 2009039666A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solar cell
light
cell chips
area
flexible
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2008/001729
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Adrian Howard Kitai
Wei Zhang
Yanxia Zhu
Original Assignee
Mcmaster University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mcmaster University filed Critical Mcmaster University
Publication of WO2009039666A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009039666A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/0445—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells including thin film solar cells, e.g. single thin film a-Si, CIS or CdTe solar cells
    • H01L31/046—PV modules composed of a plurality of thin film solar cells deposited on the same substrate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S30/00—Structural details of PV modules other than those related to light conversion
    • H02S30/20—Collapsible or foldable PV modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

  • Applicants' teachings relate to a method and apparatus to provide a flexible sheet having solar cells. Moreover, applicants' teachings are directed towards a method and apparatus to produce a flexible solar module consisting of many small cells that are interconnected to one another.
  • the invention provides, in one aspect, a flexible solar module comprising: a plurality of interconnected solar cell chips arranged in an array, each solar cell chip having a light receiving surface and two or more electrodes; and a plurality of optical elements, each having a light receiving area and a light emitting area, the light emitting area of each optical element being adhered to the light receiving surface of the plurality of solar cell chips with no air gaps between the light emitting area of each optical element and the light receiving surface to which it is adhered, each light collecting area receiving light incident upon the light collecting area and directing the light to the light receiving surface of the plurality of solar cell chips, so that the light collecting area can receive light over a wide range of angles.
  • the invention provides that the light receiving surface of each of the plurality of solar cell chips has a first surface area, the light collecting area of each of the plurality of optical elements has a second surface area and the second surface area is greater than the first surface area.
  • the invention provides that the plurality of optical elements are inverted truncated pyramids.
  • the invention provides that the plurality of optical elements are transparent plates.
  • the invention provides that the flexible solar module further comprises a light reflecting layer deposited on surfaces of the optical element other than the light collecting area and the light emitting area.
  • the invention provides that the plurality of solar cell chips are silicon.
  • the invention provides that the electrodes of the plurality of solar cell chips are electrically connected to two or more wires.
  • the invention provides that the two or more wires are any one of: silver wires and copper wires.
  • the invention provides that the solar module further comprises one or more flexible electrode substrates having conductive stripes, wherein each of the plurality of solar cell chips has an electrode pattern on a first side and the plurality of solar cell chips are interconnected by adhering the solar cell chips to the first side of the one or more flexible electrode substrates such that the electrode pattern of each of the plurality of solar cell chips aligns with the conductive stripes.
  • the invention provides that the conductive stripes are copper.
  • the invention provides a method of fabricating a flexible solar module, the method comprising: aligning a plurality of interconnected solar cell chips in an array, each solar cell chip having a light receiving surface and two or more electrodes; and adhering one of a plurality of optical elements to the light receiving surface of each of the plurality of solar cell chips with no air gaps between each optical element and the light receiving surface to which it is adhered, each optical element having a light collecting area which receives light incident upon the light collecting area and directs the light to the light receiving surface of the plurality of solar cell chips, so that the light collecting area can receive light over a range of angles.
  • the invention provides that the light receiving surface of each of the plurality of solar cell chips has a first surface area, the light collecting area of each of the plurality of optical elements has a second surface area and the second surface area is greater than the first surface area.
  • the invention provides that the plurality of optical elements are inverted truncated pyramids.
  • the invention provides that the plurality of optical elements are transparent plates.
  • the invention provides that the method further comprises depositing a light reflecting layer onto surfaces of the optical element other than the light collecting surface and the light emitting surface.
  • the invention provides that the solar cell chips are silicon.
  • the invention provides that the electrodes of the plurality of solar cell chips are electrically connected to two or more wires.
  • the invention provides that the two or more wires are any one of: silver wires and copper wires.
  • the invention provides that the plurality of solar cell chips have an electrode pattern on a first side and the method further comprises adhering two or more flexible electrode substrates having conductive stripes to the first side of the plurality of solar cell chips where the electrode pattern aligns with the conductive stripes.
  • the invention provides that the conductive stripes are copper.
  • Figure 1a is a cross-sectional view representative of some embodiments of a flexible solar module according to applicants' teachings
  • Figure 1b is a top and side view of an optical element of the flexible solar module of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 2a is a cross-sectional view representative of some further embodiments of the flexible solar module according to applicants' teachings
  • Figure 2b is a top and side view of an optical element of the flexible solar module of Figure 2a;
  • Figures 3 to 8b are top and bottom views showing a method of making the flexible solar module of Figure 1 according to some embodiments of applicants' teachings;
  • Figures 9 to 12 are top and bottom views showing a second method of making a flexible solar module according to some embodiments of the applicants' teachings.
  • Figures 13 and 14 are cross-sectional views of the solar module fabricated according to the second method.
  • Figure 15 is a graph showing the output power of a solar cell chip versus angle of incident light for two examples of optical elements mounted on solar cell chips according to some embodiments of the applicants' teachings.
  • Applicants' teachings relate to a method and apparatus to provide a flexible sheet having solar cell chips. Moreover, applicants' teachings are directed towards a method and apparatus to produce a flexible solar module consisting of many small cells that are interconnected to one another.
  • the flexible solar module can have a high conversion efficiency (of the order of about 20%) and output power. Further, the flexibility allows for greater portability and ease of mounting of the solar module compared to conventional solar power devices.
  • the flexible solar modules of applicants' teachings may be bent or rolled, and may be bonded to a variety of curved surfaces including, for example, but not limited to, roofs and vehicle panels.
  • optical elements explained below, in some embodiments of the applicants' teaching, increase the amount of light incident on each solar cell chip and decrease the required size of each chip.
  • the resulting flexible solar module does not require tracking the sun over the course of the day. Tracking mechanisms can add to the cost and size of solar cell installations. Examples of systems using optical elements or mounts that do require tracking are given in U. S. Publication No. 2008/0123313 to Home et al., U. S. Publication No. 2006/0274439 to Gordon et al, and U. S. Publication No. 2007/0089778 to Home et al. In these examples, as well as many other concentrator designs, incoming light is focused to a small spot. Designs of this nature work only over a small range of incident light angles, and do not generally perform well in cloudy conditions.
  • optical element designs that may achieve a degree of concentration while simultaneously allowing incident light to be varied over a wide range of angles. This removes the requirement for tracking and, on cloudy days, permits effective operation even when light is scattered over a wide range of incident angles.
  • FIG. 1a is an illustration of some embodiments of applicants' teachings showing a flexible solar module 10 constructed in accordance with some methods of applicants' teachings, as will hereinafter be described.
  • flexible solar module 10 utilizes proven materials and processes for its production.
  • flexible solar module 10 comprises interconnected solar cell chips 12.
  • these solar cell chips 12 can be interconnected by top wires 17 and bottom wires 19, as will hereinafter be described in Example A.
  • the solar cell chips may be interconnected using a flexible electrode substrate, as will hereinafter be described in Example B.
  • Each solar cell chip 12 has a light receiving surface 14.
  • solar cell chips 12 are, for example, but not limited to, silicon cells.
  • Single crystal and multi-crystalline silicon for example, are suitable solar cell materials having both proven stability and performance in the field. Silicon technology is also relatively efficient, currently yielding about 14% to about 20% conversion efficiency.
  • Other suitable materials can include, for example, but not limited to, cadmium telluride (CdTe) and gallium arsenide (GaAs) or the solar cells may be triple junction solar cells having germanium substrates.
  • the solar cell chips 12 may be diced from larger silicon cells.
  • solar cell chips used in the following examples are square, it is to be understood that the solar cell chips could be any shape such as, but not limited to, round or hexagonal.
  • An optical element 16 as shown in Figure 1b, can be mounted on each solar cell chip 12 to direct and concentrate light onto the light receiving surfaces 14 of the solar cell chips 12 and thereby increase the power generated.
  • Each optical element 16 has a light collecting area 22 and a light emitting area 24.
  • the surface area of the light collecting area 22 of each optical element 16 is greater than the surface area of the light receiving surface 14 of the solar cell chips 12.
  • the optical element depicted in Figure 1b is in the form of an inverted truncated pyramid such that the area of the end of the optical element attached to the solar cell chip is smaller than the area of the opposite side from which light is collected, see for example, Figure 1a.
  • the truncated pyramid directs light onto the solar cell chip and increases the power generated from a given chip, and moreover is able to accept sunlight over a wide range of incident angles.
  • the surfaces of the sloping faces 20 of the optical element 16 in Figure 1b may be curved or flat.
  • the shape of the optical element 16 may vary according to the shape of the solar cell chip 12. For example, if the solar cells chips 12 were round, the optical element 16 may be in the form of a truncated cone
  • the optical elements may be transparent support plates 18, as shown in Figure 2b, mounted on the cells 12 to provide additional mechanical strength while allowing light incident over a wide range of angles to reach the said cells 12
  • optical elements 16,18 are preferably adhered directly to the solar cell chips 12 such that there are no air gaps between the light receiving surface 14 of the solar cell chips 12 and the light emitting area 24 of the optical element 16,18
  • the solar cell chips 12 have both front and rear electrodes.
  • each chip has dimensions of 8.2 mm by 8.2 mm, yielding a light receiving surface 14 of 67.2 mm 2 .
  • the top wires 17 are first soldered onto temporary copper tapes 11 to hold them straight and ready for attachment onto the solar cell chips 12 as shown in Figure 3. This should preferably be done above a smooth flat working surface.
  • the copper tapes 11 are, for example, but not limited to, SPI #05012 AB Copper tape.
  • the wires 17 may be thin silver wires, such as, but not limited to, Alfa Aesar 00303.
  • the solar cell chips 12 are then placed underneath the top wires 17 facing upwards, as shown in Figure 4.
  • the top wires 17 are soldered onto areas of the cells 12 where the wires 17 intersect with the front electrodes of the cells 12. This can be accomplished by, for example, applying solder paste (for example, but not limited to, Indium 3.2 as made by Indium Corporation), baking the unit until the solder paste melts and then cooling the unit to room temperature.
  • solder paste for example, but not limited to, Indium 3.2 as made by Indium Corporation
  • optical elements 16 can be adhered directly to the solar cell chips 12 using, for example, UV curable glue such as, but not limited to Type J-91 Summers Optical Lens bond. This substantially strengthens the solar cell chip so as to prevent chip breakage.
  • the optical elements can be cut from, for example, but not limited to, 0.2 mm thick Thermo Scientific microscope cover glass or 1.1 mm thick Eagle XG Corning Glass or 4 mm thick Solite 2000 AGC flat glass.
  • the optical elements 16 used in this example, shown in Figure 1b could be 4 mm in thickness and be cut from 4 mm thick Solite 2000 flat glass.
  • the light collecting area 22 of each optical element 16 in this example could measure 12.8 mm by 12.8 mm, yielding a light collecting area 22 of 163.8 mm 2 .
  • the light emitting area 24 of each optical element in this example could measure 8.2 mm by 8.2 mm, yielding a light emitting area 24 of 67.2 mm 2 .
  • the relative performance of the optical elements is illustrated in Figure 15, referred to below.
  • flat transparent plates 18, as shown in Figure 2b may be mounted on the front of the solar cell chips 12, as shown in Figure 2a.
  • the whole unit can then be cured under a UV lamp for, in this example, approximately ten minutes.
  • the wires 17 can be cut from the copper tapes 11.
  • a Gel Pack such as Gel-Film PF-20X120-X4, can be placed above the solar cell chips 12.
  • the jointed solar cell chips 12 can then be removed from the working surface and flipped over to expose the back side of the solar cell chips 12.
  • a single wire 19 is adhered to the back side of the solar cell chips 12 using, for example, a silver epoxy such as, but not limited to, Epoxy Technology H20S.
  • the wire 19 may be a thin silver wire, such as, but not limited to, Alfa Aesar 00303.
  • EVA Ethylene-vinyl acetate
  • the EVA is, for example, but not limited to, EncapsolarTM PV- 135D (as made by Stevens Urthane). The whole unit is then laminated under heat and pressure.
  • FIG. 8a and 8b show back views of a representative flexible solar cell chip arrays according to this exemplary method.
  • Figure 8a shows a parallel connection example in which the current from each row of solar cells chips is added together to produce a low voltage, high current output. In the case of silicon solar chips, the total output voltage is approximately 0.5 volts.
  • Figure 8b shows a series connection example, in which the voltage from each row of solar cell chips is added together. In the case of silicon solar cell chips, the total voltage available between the two electrodes 40, 42 will be approximately 3.5 volts.
  • the flexible solar cell chip array may optionally be provided with encapsulation.
  • This encapsulation may be provided by a DuPont Tefzel front sheet bonded to the front of the array with EVA in a vacuum lamination process, for example. Encapsulation materials must be carefully selected to avoid negatively affecting the optical performance of optical elements.
  • a light reflecting layer may optionally be added to those surfaces of the optical element other than the light collecting areas 22 and the light emitting areas 24.
  • the flexible solar module 10 as illustrated in Figures 1a and 2a, can then have a suitable load applied through leads connected to the copper tapes 21.
  • Optical element A comprises an optical element 18 made of flat 0.2 mm thick Thermo Scientific microscope cover glass, as detailed in Figure 2b, having a length and width of 8.2 mm.
  • Optical element B comprises an optical element 16 that is 4 mm in thickness and is cut from 4 mm thick Solite 2000 flat glass, as detailed in Figure 1b.
  • Optical element B has a light collecting area measuring 12.8 mm by 12.8 mm, yielding a light collecting area of 163.8 mm 2 , and a light emitting area measuring 8.2 mm by 8.2 mm, yielding a light emitting area of 67.2 mm 2 . It can be observed from the graph of Figure 15 that the power available from the solar cell chip increases when optical element B is used. It can also be seen that, for either optical element A or optical element B, output power may be obtained over a wide range of incident angles of light.
  • the optical elements 16,18 in these examples can utilize light from about 20 degrees to about 160 degrees (the graph in Figure 15 shows the angle of incident light from about 20 degrees to about 90 degrees, the incident light from about 90 degrees to about 160 degrees, which is not shown, would be a mirror image thereof).
  • FIG. 9 Another method of producing the flexible solar modules 10 is now described with reference to Figures 9 to 14.
  • conductive paths are created by patterning the copper layer of a flexible electrode substrate 30.
  • the solar cells required for this embodiment differ from the cells used in the previous example in that they have electrodes on the back side only. There are no electrodes on the front side of the solar cells.
  • the solar cell chips 12, diced from the original solar cells as described previously, are therefore suitable for mounting with solder onto the flexible electrode substrate 30.
  • a solar cell is diced along the electrode pattern into squares, as shown in Figure 9.
  • the solar cell is, for example, but not limited to, a SunPower A300.
  • a flexible electrode substrate 30 having an electrode pattern which matches the back side of the chips is then prepared, as shown in Figure 10.
  • This flexible electrode substrate 30 is, for example, but not limited to, a copper-clad Kapton sheet (as made by Strataflex Corp.). Solder paste is then applied to the flexible electrode substrate 30 by a screen printing method (such as service from Laytec Design and consulting Inc.)
  • the back sides of the solar cell chips 12 can then be placed onto the solder locations of the flexible electrode substrate 30 with the electrodes 25 of the solar cell chips 12 in alignment with the electrodes 32 on the flexible electrode substrate 30.
  • Figures 11 and 12 show top views of the flexible electrode substrate 30 with the mounted solar cell chips 12.
  • the solder paste can be melted in, for example, a belt furnace, to secure the positions of the solar cell chips 12 on the flexible electrode substrate 30, producing a solder layer 36 between the solar cell chips 12 and the flexible electrode substrate 30.
  • optical elements such as flat transparent glass plates 34
  • other optical elements, such as lenses 16 may be adhered to the solar cell chips 12 to improve light collection.
  • the flexible solar cell chip array may optionally be provided with encapsulation. This encapsulation may be provided by a Tefzel front sheet bonded to the front of the array with EVA in a vacuum lamination process, for example. Encapsulation materials must be carefully selected to avoid negatively affecting the optical performance of optical elements.
  • the flexible solar module using smaller solar cell chips arranged in an array, but connected together, allows the outputs of the various solar cell chips to be added together to produce the flexible solar module 10 having high conversion efficiency (and about 14-20% conversion efficiency where silicon chips are used for the solar cell chips in the examples provided) and long term stability (over 25 years continuous service, again where silicon chips are used for the solar cell chips).
  • the solar module is flexible, lightweight and thin.
  • the flexible solar module of applicants' teachings can be useful for, for example, but not limited to, portable battery chargers for marine, RV and recreational use, flexible laminates for integration into size-limited applications such as bus shelters, automotive applications, and building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV).
  • a flexible solar module constructed in accordance with applicants' teachings, and as provided in the above examples, does not include a continuous glass plate. Without a glass plate, there is no need for a frame to prevent damage to the glass (for example, an aluminum frame, which can be 1.5 to 2 inches deep). Without a frame, such as aluminum, the module is thinner and flexible allowing for greater portability and ease of mounting of the solar module compared to conventional rigid panel solar power devices.
  • the flexible solar modules of applicants' teachings may be bent or rolled, and may be bonded to a variety of curved surfaces including, for example, but not limited to, roofs and vehicle panels.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un module solaire flexible comportant une pluralité de puces de cellule solaire électriquement interconnectées et agencées en une batterie de capteurs, et une pluralité d'éléments optiques qui adhèrent directement à chacune de la pluralité de puces de cellule solaire et qui dirigent la lumière vers la pluralité de puces de cellule solaire. Les éléments optiques adhèrent aux puces de cellule solaire de sorte qu'il n'existe aucun espace d'air entre la pluralité de puces de cellule solaire et la pluralité d'éléments optiques. L'aire de la zone de captage de la lumière de chacun de la pluralité d'éléments optiques peut être égale ou supérieure à l'aire du dessus de chacune des puces de cellule solaire.
PCT/CA2008/001729 2007-09-28 2008-09-29 Module solaire souple et procédé pour sa fabrication WO2009039666A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US97612207P 2007-09-28 2007-09-28
US60/976,122 2007-09-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009039666A1 true WO2009039666A1 (fr) 2009-04-02

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010099620A1 (fr) * 2009-03-06 2010-09-10 Mcmaster University Capteur solaire et appareil de régulation de la lumière
WO2012168700A2 (fr) 2011-06-06 2012-12-13 Inside2Outside Limited Cellule solaire en tension, procédé de fabrication, appareil et système
WO2014052861A1 (fr) * 2012-09-27 2014-04-03 Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc. Ensemble photovoltaïque et procédés associés
CN114694518A (zh) * 2022-04-20 2022-07-01 武汉华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 拼接显示屏

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5959787A (en) * 1995-06-06 1999-09-28 The Boeing Company Concentrating coverglass for photovoltaic cells
US6091017A (en) * 1999-08-23 2000-07-18 Composite Optics Incorporated Solar concentrator array
US20030121542A1 (en) * 2000-03-30 2003-07-03 Wolfgang Harneit Method for producing a solar module with thin-film solar cells which are series-connected in an integrated manner and solar modules produced according to the method, especially using concentrator modules
US20030201007A1 (en) * 2002-04-24 2003-10-30 Fraas Lewis M. Planar solar concentrator power module

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5959787A (en) * 1995-06-06 1999-09-28 The Boeing Company Concentrating coverglass for photovoltaic cells
US6091017A (en) * 1999-08-23 2000-07-18 Composite Optics Incorporated Solar concentrator array
US20030121542A1 (en) * 2000-03-30 2003-07-03 Wolfgang Harneit Method for producing a solar module with thin-film solar cells which are series-connected in an integrated manner and solar modules produced according to the method, especially using concentrator modules
US20030201007A1 (en) * 2002-04-24 2003-10-30 Fraas Lewis M. Planar solar concentrator power module

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010099620A1 (fr) * 2009-03-06 2010-09-10 Mcmaster University Capteur solaire et appareil de régulation de la lumière
WO2012168700A2 (fr) 2011-06-06 2012-12-13 Inside2Outside Limited Cellule solaire en tension, procédé de fabrication, appareil et système
WO2014052861A1 (fr) * 2012-09-27 2014-04-03 Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc. Ensemble photovoltaïque et procédés associés
CN114694518A (zh) * 2022-04-20 2022-07-01 武汉华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 拼接显示屏
CN114694518B (zh) * 2022-04-20 2023-07-25 武汉华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 拼接显示屏

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