WO2009034365A1 - Systems of total capture and recycling of used organic and inorganic matter of selfsustainable human habitations - Google Patents
Systems of total capture and recycling of used organic and inorganic matter of selfsustainable human habitations Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009034365A1 WO2009034365A1 PCT/GB2008/003597 GB2008003597W WO2009034365A1 WO 2009034365 A1 WO2009034365 A1 WO 2009034365A1 GB 2008003597 W GB2008003597 W GB 2008003597W WO 2009034365 A1 WO2009034365 A1 WO 2009034365A1
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- filter
- fluid
- carbon dioxide
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- solids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/84—Biological processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Definitions
- Fluid purification systems to enable the long-term recycling and reuse of the fluids involved in the power generation and used within human habitats.
- Testimony for this is the continued serious pollution of the global waterways despite the application of the best state of the art technology overseen by the world's governmental pollution control authorities.
- Disclosed is a combination of interconnected innovative technologies to enable the realization of self-sustainable communities largely independent of outside man-made energy and potable water combined with ZERO fluid emissions into the environment that point the way to a sustainable solution of the global warming problem comprising large scale cyclic photosynthetic carbon capture and associated fluid purification systems with fluid recycling and solids' recovery systems.
- RgJ. Cyclic photopower generation with carbon capture and recycling (anaerobic digestion).
- Fig.2 High efficiency photosynthetic power generation with carbon / hydrogen / oxygen capture and recycling (anaerobic fermentation).
- Fi ⁇ .3 3-tier photo-bioreactor unit according to the invention.
- Fi ⁇ .4 innovative system for recycling waste biomass from domestic, agro/horticultural and animal origins
- Fig.8 Power from recycled carbohydrates with desalination of saline water.
- Fi ⁇ .9 Alternative system for the photo-desalination ofseawater.
- Fig.13 Shuttle expanded surface fluid purification apparatus .
- Fig.14 Counter-current filter media regeneration of the invention
- Fig.15 Selfsustainable human settlements
- Fig.16 Global settlements based on potable water from seawater
- Fig.17 Essential innovative ancillary apparatus of the invention.
- US 6667171 discloses a biologically based CO2 absorption apparatus and method for reducing emissions from fossil burning units consisting of contained inclined framed membranes over which both flue gas and aqueous nutrient solution are caused to flow whereby photosynthesizing organisms such as algae and cyanobacteria grow on and adhere to the membranes. It is proposed to remove the layers of microorganisms at intervals by increasing the rate of flow of the impinging solution.
- a closed loop system for liquid and biomass transport that appears to be essentially a batch-wise operation is disclosed.
- a method and means for the total purification and retrieval of the flue gas is not disclosed.
- the gas upon passing through the photobioreactors is treated by the algae or other photosynthetic organisms therein to remove one or more pollutants therefrom, for example, CO2 and/or NOx.
- NOx than the flue gas is released from gas outlets and in one embodiment is vented to the atmosphere.
- the photosynthetic organisms subsequently harvested from the bioreactor are processed and utilized as a fuel source for a combustion device such as a power plant generator or incinerator.
- Figs.1-19 illustrate schematically the principles of the present invention, whereby carbon gases emitted from conventional power stations and other combustion processes are converted by photosynthesis to carbohydrates then hydrocarbons and recycled as fuel in captive closed systems thus completely eliminating emissions of green house gases to the atmosphere as well as providing the precondition for the establishment of selfsustainable human settlements.
- CO2 emitted from the combustion unit is reduced to carbohydrates and oxygen in the photosynthesizing bioreactor units.
- the carbohydrates are converted to hydrocarbons in anaerobic digesters and fermenters.
- a constant quantity and ratio of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nutrients are thereby captured and recycled under near-sterile conditions to a power station forming a closed looped system with zero fluid emissions to the environment operating continuously and fully automatically.
- Fig.1 illustrates a cyclic power generating system based on fuel provided by the photosynthesis of carbohydrates by the photo-fixation of carbon from the carbon dioxide in the flue gas of the power generator.
- the captive cyclic process is expressed by the following cyclic set of chain reactions:
- the compact photobioreactor of the present invention operates in a continuous manner as apposed to the batch-wise operation of the state of the art thus reducing the crop area for power stations from square kilometers required by conventional farming to hectares with the method according to the invention.
- stacked photosynthesis batteries Figs.1, 2, 3 provide a surface for photosynthesis in a translucent temperature controlled sealed space of 200 x 100 x10 m equivalent to a conventional "pond" area of 1 X 1 square kilometer - a ratio of 1: 50. Operation
- Hot gaseous emissions from the power station are first subjected to corona discharge (Fig.5) to electrically charge particulate matter after which they are removed by oppositely charged shuttle packed beds (Fig.12).
- the cleaned cooled gases are pumped under positive pressure to seeding-bioreactors to which aqueous nutrients are recycled from anaerobic digesters by pumps through to the Miller universal fluid purifying plant.
- C02 under continued positive pressure is absorbed and the seeding of photosynthesizing algal and/or bacterial microorganisms takes place.
- the seeded liquid is continuously transported by pumps under positive pressure through the photosynthesizing batteries first to storage settling tanks where the harvested photosynthesized microorganisms are recovered as a thick layer of slurry sediment.
- the clarified liquid is recycled to the seeding vessel for further growth of carbohydrates in the photobioreactor
- the thickened slurry is transferred to anaerobic digesters where the carbohydrate sediment is first comminuted and fluidized by hydrolysis (pH/enzymes) and then subjected to accelerated anaerobic biological decomposition for conversion to methane and carbon dioxide.
- the turbid liquid is clarified with the aid of flocculating material.
- the issued methane (CH4) from the anaerobic digestion is first purified in the universal fluid purification plant and fed to the power generator with recycled oxygen from the photosynthesis for combustion.
- Fig.2 illustrates a further captive cyclic process whereby carbon dioxide emitted from the combustion unit is reduced to carbohydrates and oxygen in the photosynthesizing unit.
- the carbohydrates are converted to alcohol in anaerobic fermenters.
- a constant quantity and ratio of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nutrients are thereby captured and recycled under sterile conditions to a power station forming a closed looped system with zero emissions to the environment operating continuously and fully automatically according to the following set of cyclic chemical reactions: photosynthesis carbon dioxide wafer glucose oxygen
- the liquid nutrient employed must be recycled and at least reused on a semi-permanent basis.
- Many attempts at large scale production have failed because of the unsustainable conditions of sanitation of the nutrient fluids and the long periods, often weeks and even months, required for the anaerobic digestion process.
- the advantage of the CAPTIVE GLUCOSE-ALCOHOL POWER CYCLE lies in the minimal danger of contamination from damaging extraneous microorganisms in the nutrient solution of the captive cyclic process and the prospect of the conversion of the carbohydrates to hydrocarbons in hours instead of weeks.
- the harvest from the photobioreactor first undergoes sedimentation whereby the clarified supernatant nutrient is purified in the fluid purifying system and recycled to the seeding vessel of the photobioreactor and the thickened slurry layer of micro-algae is subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis where the algae mass is liquefied.
- the liquefied algae in the hydrolizer after purification in the fluid purification system is transferred to fermenters where fermentation of the saccharides with yeast is carried out.
- the yeast is finally subjected to sedimentation and the evolved carbon dioxide after passing through the fluid purification system is recycled to the photobioreactor.
- the clarified supernatant in the fermenters with an alcohol concentration of +10% is transferred to the distillation feed tank. Distillation is carried out to produce high percentage purified ethyl alcohol for use as fuel with high purity oxygen from the photobioreactor.
- the high degree of purity of the fluids at all stages of the process ensures the success of the process in long-term operation.
- Fig.3 illustrates the preferred embodiment of stacked photo-batteries of the invention.
- a battery consists of layers of stacked serpentine transparent conduits with lower inlet and upper outlet manifolds, the whole contained in transparent or internally reflecting housing. The individual batteries are designed for ease of dismantling for purposes of maintenance.
- the gases emitted and collected in the individual photo-batteries collect in upper contained spaces fitted with liquid level controllers allowing evolved gas from the batteries composed of oxygen and some residual carbon dioxide to be intermittently vented to the gas main from where it is pumped to the combustion chamber of the power generator.
- Fig.4 This embodiment illustrates Carbon and Nutrient Recycling of Biowaste generated from human communities and concomitant agricultural and horticultural activities.
- Biowaste carbonaceous matter of contemporary human communities is causing an increasing embarrassment to industrialized societies. Incineration and landsite filling with the associated emission of polluting gases are ecologically unacceptable.
- Biowaste of diverse origins is sorted, disintegrated and if necessary converted chemically for processing in bioreactors to carbon gases for forwarding to the power plant for energy production where the products of combustion are again purified, cooled and fed to contained agricultural facilities for photosynthesizing food crops wherewith the purified aqueous phase with captive nutrients of the process are recycled as irrigation.
- This system is also the basis for the conversion of conventional carbon burning and carbon gas emitting power plants to carbon recycling systems the sustainability of which is also in large part dependent on the purification capability of the universal fluid purification system.
- carbonaceous biomass from photo- bioreactors represented in the following cyclic reactions as chains of glucose molecules, Is directly combusted to produce power in a cyclic manner according to the following chemical reactions:
- Biomass from the photo-bioreactor is retrieved in the filter/pressA/acuum drier (Fig.17) that produces algal solid fuel for the power station.
- the exhaust combustion gases in this case contain entrained ash and particulate matter as well as NOx, SOx gases from the solid fuel combustion process requiring searching purification techniques including corona discharge, caustic washing procedures using both shuttle packed beds and shuttle expanded membrane elements before purified carbon dioxide and nutrient liquid from the filter press-drier are recycled to the photo- bioreactor for the photosynthesis of biomass.
- Fluid purification systems to enable the long-term recycling and reuse of all fluid streams generated and used within human habitats.
- Fig.11 illustrates a selection of state of the art filtration equipment used in processed liquid purification, e.g. beverages, food, water, chemicals, etc. These are all multi-surface packets of varying design and types of media contained in pressure vessels many of which have been used for more than a century. It must be kept in mind however that such equipment can achieve a high degree of purity and sterility. The daunting problem with all however is filter medium regeneration. These attempts are always accompanied by large volumes of polluted regenerating liquids that are inevitably drained to some form of "effluent treatment" plant or direct to sewage systems.
- Effective media regeneration requires the possibility of the application of a large variety of effective optional processes including high pressure jets of washing fluids, backwashing, chemical cleaning procedures, vibration and ultrasonics. Because of the dangers of product contamination the choice of possible in situ regeneration procedures with state of the art filter equipment is extremely limited.
- the filter packs after the filtration/purification operation are moved to specially designed regeneration zones while simultaneously a freshly regenerated pack is positioned by the common belt in the "purification zone” to continue the operation.
- Fig.6 a/b is a schematic representation of a large-scale universally applicable fluid purification system according to the present invention:
- Stage 1 is a shuttle unit consisting of twin regenerative mobile electro-charged packed beds for the purification of both liquids and gases in the range >0.01 micron. Liquids are generally pre-dosed with flocculating or coagulating substances whereas gases are pre-radiated with corona-discharge or its equivalent. Operation :
- the central purification chamber 605, reserved for fluid purification, contains a regenerated packed bed from the previous cycle transferred on the belt from the bed regeneration chamber 606.
- Chamber 604 contains the exhausted packed bed for regeneration previously in 605.
- Liquid for purification dosed with flocculating or coagulating material from 608 or gas pre-radiated with corona discharge or its equivalent to electrostatically charge aerosols and suspended particulate matter is pumped by 607 through the bed in 605 in an oppositely charged state and delivered as purified or partially purified fluid to 610 in Stage 2 for more intensive final purification.
- Bed regeneration Simultaneously the exhausted bed in 604 is subjected to backwashing with recycled purified liquid from vessel 615 in Stage 3.
- Stage 2 is a shuttle unit consisting of a twin regenerative mobile sets of extended surface filter elements Fig.13 fitted with membranous or woven media for the separation of particulate matter in the size range often acting as support for powdered or granular layers of pre-coated material such as kieselguhr, silica, perlite, glass fibre, cellulose fibres, etc. with a mean particulate size range of 30 micron often with the addition of finely ground purification material such as activated carbon, ion-exchange resins, etc. with a size range at least a factor of 5 below the main pre-coated material to facilitate its removal from the precoat regeneration in unit 612.
- Stage 1 with packed bed members can also act as support for pre-coated material whereby separation of particulate matter in the size range 0.001-0.1 micron for certain operations is possible.
- External unfiltered fluid or partially purified fluid filtrate from 605 is delivered to the shuttle filter chamber 610 through regenerated filter elements fitted with membranous medium or through layers of regenerated surface-charged powdered or granular material covering the membranous filter elements.
- the purified fluid filtrate now in a sterile condition, is delivered to its destination through conduit 613.
- the previously exhausted shuttle element now in 609 is subjected to a variety of regeneration options including jets of high-pressure fluid, vibration, ultra-sonic generation, chemical treatment and back-washing.
- Stage 4 is the preferred apparatus and method of the present invention for the regeneration of precoated granular purification media for both Stage 1 and Stage 2 described above.
- the filter beds from zone A are removed in either chamber B or C by high pressure jets of liquid and collected in regeneration vessel D (Stage 4). Decant-liquid in (1) from the previous batch is transferred to D into which, with agitation, the bed is discharged as a slurry from Stagel or 2. The contents of D after pH- adjustment and dosing with purification agents are vigorously agitated for a set period.
- the supernatant liquid containing most of the dislodged adsorbed and trapped impurities in the bed material, is decanted to the turbid liquid purifier J.
- the contents of 2 are transferred to D where the bed is reslurried again by means of agitation. After a set time agitation ceases and the bed settles in the base and the supernatant liquid is transferred to 1.
- the contents of 3 are transferred to D where the bed is again reslurried by means of agitation. After a set time agitation ceases and the bed settles in the base of D and the supernatant liquid is transferred to 2.
- the contents of 4 are transferred to D where the bed is again reslurried by means of agitation. After a set time agitation ceases and the bed settles in the base and the supernatant liquid is transferred to 3.
- this batch-wise counter-current regeneration operation can be carried out with any number of (n) stages.
- the final n th reslurrying operation uses the stored purified liquid from J.. Purification and recycling of the 1 st decant liquid in J:
- the regenerated powdered or granular media after reslurrying in 612 and pH adjustment to recharge the bed media, are recycled on 610 (or on 605) for redepositing on the surfaces of the purification members.
- Stage 3 consists of a fluid residue purification apparatus 614:- a moveable filter band arranged to move intermittently between two or more separately located sealing elements and two or more plane, pervious support member, a gas pump 616 and filtrate recycling apparatus 615 and a source of expendable non-woven filter material in roll form. Solids residue as well as product solids are recovered from suspension in this unit and collected in 618. Liquid suspensions from the regeneration of shuttle fluid purification members are purified and recycled to Stage 1 and Stage 2_from this stage for further member regeneration purposes thus achieving an essentially captive cyclic process.
- Packed beds containing granular activated carbon, silica gel, "Bentonite", etc. are used for adsorptive fluid purification followed by bed regeneration.
- the overriding advantage is that the separation of purification and regeneration facilities enables a more thorough regeneration with the avoidance of product contamination and environmental pollution.
- Fig.7 illustrates a simplified version of a photosynthetic carbon captive power generating scheme indicating how carbohydrate generated by photosynthesis from carbon dioxide by the action of solar radiation is converted to hydrocarbons by anaerobic digestion and recycled to the power plant as fuel from where carbon dioxide and water vapor as products of combustion are returned to the photosynthesis process to complete the closed cycle.
- Fig. 8 is schematic illustration of the preferred embodiment of the general carbon capturing and recycling system that achieves desalination of saline water used as the liquid carrier in the photobioreactor. OPERATION
- the Photo-Bioreactor delivers photosynthesized biomass to the bioreactors where after dosing with polyelectrolytes or other suitable flocculating material the carbohydrates in suspension settle forming a thickened suspension at the base of the reactors.
- the upper layer of liquid is delivered to Stage 2 (membrane purification) whereby the filtrate is forwarded to RECYCLED PURIFIED SALINE WATER storage vessel for feeding to the Seeding Vessel of the Photo-Bioreactor.
- Vented gas comprising O 2 from the PHOTO-BIOREACTOR is stored in a pressure vessel for feeding to the combustion chamber of the POWER STATION.
- the gaseous products of combustion (CO2+ H2O) from the POWER STATION are cooled in a heat exchanger whereby condensed water is collected and CO2 is passed through to Stage 1 (packed beds) for purification and forwarded to the CO2 storage vessel for feeding to the Photo-Bioreactor.
- the used SHUTTLE PACKED BEDS are regenerated by backwashing whereby the regenerating liquid is purified in the SOLIDS RECOVERY section.
- the SHUTTLE EXPANDED ELEMENTS are washed whereby the used filter bed is regenerated in the FILTER AID REGENERATION section for recycling to the SHUTTLE EXPANDED ELEMENTS for reuse as described above.
- a photodesalination system is illustrated in Fig.9 for the production of potable water from saline water with the photobioreactors fitted internally with arrays of fiber optical sets (Fig.3) with emissions in the range 400-700 nm encased and sealed in light reflecting containers the plant can potentially produce potable water independent of solar radiation. This widens the geographical potential for human settlements to areas of minimal solar exposure especially within the northern and southern hemispheres.
- Sea or brackish water with carbon dioxide are passed through a photo-bioreactor whereby oxygen is emitted, purified and recycled as oxidizing agent for combustion in the power plant.
- Biomass produced in the photo-bioreactor is fed to anaerobic bioreactors from which carbon gases such as methane and carbon dioxide are emitted, purified and recycled as fuel for combustion in the power plant.
- the electric energy generated in the power plant is transmitted to the photosynthesizing unit in which artificial lighting units are embedded to activate the photosynthesizing process in the absence of solar radiation input.
- the water vapor generated by the combustion process of the power plant is condensed in heat exchangers that preheat the emitted gases from photosynthesis and anaerobic digestion and fermentation fed as fuel to the power station.
- the water vapor generated by the combustion process of the power plant is condensed in heat exchangers that preheat the emitted gases from photosynthesis and anaerobic digestion and fermentation fed as fuel to the power station.
- Fig.16a Over half of the earths's land mass is unsuited for human habitation. The nearest available water is saline and unusable for conventions! sTiculturs! n ur n oses. Much of this territory including North and South Africa, the Middle East, West America, southern Europe, Australia during daylight hours is almost continually bathed in sunshine. Sunlight, seawater and carbon dioxide is the concoction of nature that led to success. !t was from this combination th?*t Ufe on ⁇ rth evolved 5>. ⁇ d thrived. and b v building on and boosting nature's accomplishment civilization can assure its future successful existence.
- the depicted large costal and inland areas show how sea (red) and saline artesian water (blue dots) could transform the situation.
- Fig.16b (Middle East): Existing settlements in these areas are forced to import much of thp p ⁇ pntial fnnH ⁇ ti iff ⁇ nften inrli irlin ⁇ nntahlp ⁇ watpr
- the ringed areas on the map of the world could be transformed into a mosaic of accors mmnlptpK/ inrlpnpndpnt of pytprnal siinnlips of essential raw materials
- FIG.10 A schematic representation of an innovative system is illustrated in Fig.10 for contained agriculture with purification and captive recycling and reuse of circulated fluids including fertilizers, nutrients as well as carbon dioxide.
- the crops are completely sealed off from the external environment as well as the earth strata on which they rest which is covered and sealed by an impervious layer such as concrete.
- the plant root systems are embedded in a resistant aggregate with a suitable range of grain sizes to provide the necessary root support and access to fluid nutrients continuously fed to and distributed throughout the entire aggregate layer
- the crops are sealed under removable translucent hinged covers.
- Conditioned purified carbon dioxide originating from the power generating facilities after purification is continually circulated through and over the growing crops and maintained at a constant temperature and carbon dioxide and moisture concentration by conventional conditioning systems while bleeding off a controlled fraction of the circulating gas and replenishing with a high percentage concentration of carbon dioxide.
- An important food commodity in the human habitats of the invention is from fish farming.
- Habitats in the vicinity of seawater are ideally situated to for carrying out extensive fish breeding and farming that can render such settlements independent of outside supplies of protein.
- Fig.17 illustrates disclosures of innovations in this field whereby one or more separately n , nsitinn p rl u _n r n ⁇ —pr plompnts with rp — ⁇ n , prt t —n nnp n _r. mnrp _ Inw/pr n , lan» n , —pn/ini i ⁇ ⁇ —i in r i n —nrt . members are moveable by means of bands or belts consisting of
- One or more separately positioned elements moveable with respect to one or mnrp nprx/irme Qi innnrt mpmhPrn fnrmin ⁇ cpalpH rhamhpr ⁇ s whPrphv in a fiirthpr separately sealed chamber heated gas is circulated to dry deposited beds lying on stationary sections of a moveable filter band supported by pervious support members entitled FILTER TUNNEL DRIER.
- the tunnel drier is ideal for a wide variety of nnpratinns in human spttlpiripnts inrlnrtin ⁇ al ⁇ al spnaratinn anri rlrvin ⁇ anaerobic digestion sludge filtration and many other duties in the production facilities of the universal fluid processing plant of this invention.
- Fig. 18 illustrates a comparison of the space occupied by state fo the art and method of the nnmfint in ⁇ /e*ntinn fnr nrnwirtin ⁇ nntahlp u/ator frnm mpHium m ialitv Qi irfarp w/atpr fnr a population of 1 million.
- the ratio of the surface area taken up is approx.: State of the art vs Universal system of the invention ⁇ 10 / 1.
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Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE112008004043T DE112008004043T5 (en) | 2007-09-10 | 2008-10-24 | Methods and systems of total capture and recovery of used organic and inorganic matter from self-sustaining human settlements |
GB0917964A GB2460982B (en) | 2007-09-10 | 2008-10-24 | Systems of total capture and recycling of used organic and inorganic matter of self sustainable human settlements |
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0717551A GB0717551D0 (en) | 2007-09-10 | 2007-09-10 | Universal fluid purification systems |
GB0717551.6 | 2007-09-10 | ||
GB0802048A GB0802048D0 (en) | 2008-02-05 | 2008-02-05 | Recycling systems for selfsustainable human settlements |
GB0802048.9 | 2008-02-05 | ||
GB0805655A GB0805655D0 (en) | 2008-03-28 | 2008-03-28 | Carbon neutral communities with water desalination |
GB0805655.8 | 2008-03-28 | ||
GB0810342A GB0810342D0 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2008-06-06 | Systems of total recycling of used carbonaceous and fluidic materials of the earth's enviroment |
GB0810342.6 | 2008-06-06 |
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WO2009034365A1 true WO2009034365A1 (en) | 2009-03-19 |
WO2009034365A4 WO2009034365A4 (en) | 2009-05-28 |
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GB (1) | GB2460982B (en) |
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US9745895B2 (en) | 2011-05-18 | 2017-08-29 | Fortum Oyj | Method and an apparatus for producing energy by recycling materials during a fuel combustion process |
WO2013001259A1 (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-01-03 | Peter Anthony Miller | Global recycling of the earth's natural resources |
EP2946012A4 (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2016-12-28 | Pond Biofuels Inc | Process for managing photobioreactor exhaust |
US10876728B2 (en) | 2013-01-17 | 2020-12-29 | Pond Technologies Inc. | Process for managing photobioreactor exhaust |
US10947492B2 (en) | 2015-06-10 | 2021-03-16 | Brisa International, Llc | System and method for biomass growth and processing |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE112008004043T5 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
GB2460982A (en) | 2009-12-23 |
GB0917964D0 (en) | 2009-11-25 |
WO2009034365A4 (en) | 2009-05-28 |
GB2460982B (en) | 2011-05-11 |
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