WO2009026688A1 - Commande optique à distance de circuits électriques - Google Patents

Commande optique à distance de circuits électriques Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2009026688A1
WO2009026688A1 PCT/CA2008/001499 CA2008001499W WO2009026688A1 WO 2009026688 A1 WO2009026688 A1 WO 2009026688A1 CA 2008001499 W CA2008001499 W CA 2008001499W WO 2009026688 A1 WO2009026688 A1 WO 2009026688A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
optical
optical path
mechanical switch
receiver
transmitter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2008/001499
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
George Dinca
Original Assignee
George Dinca
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US11/849,105 external-priority patent/US7786428B2/en
Priority claimed from CA2614920A external-priority patent/CA2614920C/fr
Application filed by George Dinca filed Critical George Dinca
Publication of WO2009026688A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009026688A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
    • G02B6/351—Optical coupling means having switching means involving stationary waveguides with moving interposed optical elements
    • G02B6/353—Optical coupling means having switching means involving stationary waveguides with moving interposed optical elements the optical element being a shutter, baffle, beam dump or opaque element
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4298—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements coupling with non-coherent light sources and/or radiation detectors, e.g. lamps, incandescent bulbs, scintillation chambers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/965—Switches controlled by moving an element forming part of the switch
    • H03K17/968—Switches controlled by moving an element forming part of the switch using opto-electronic devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/32—Optical coupling means having lens focusing means positioned between opposed fibre ends
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/3833—Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture
    • G02B6/3847—Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture with means preventing fibre end damage, e.g. recessed fibre surfaces

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to safe remote control of electrical circuits such as circuits driving electric motors, electric heaters and the like.
  • an electrical motor starter to remotely start and stop a primary motor.
  • remote actuation is achieved through an electrical circuit having a STOP / START actuator at the remote site and an electrical circuit connecting the STOP / START actuator to a motor energizing circuit at the primary motor site.
  • the STOP / START actuator may consist of one or more pushbuttons.
  • the remote START / STOP actuator is typically enclosed in a sealed explosion-proof enclosure so as to reduce the chance of an explosion occurring if any spark results from arcing between switch contacts.
  • a control system for electrical apparatus comprising: an electro-optic interface having a first optical transmitter for producing an optical output signal in response to an electrical input signal, an optical receiver for producing an output electric signal in response to an optical input signal, and a second optical transmitter for producing an optical output signal in the visible range of light in response to an electric input signal; a first optical path extending from said second optical transmitter to said optical receiver through a control module and a second optical path extending from said second optical transmitter to said control module, said control module comprising a mechanical switch arranged for selectively interrupting said first optical path and a light magnifying lens terminating said second optical path.
  • a method of controlling an electrical system with an optical system comprising: at a first station connected to said electrical system, continuously supplying light to a control station on a first optical path and supplying light to said control station on a second optical path only where a given component of said electrical system is activated.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optically controlled remote motor starter arrangement in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of a pushbutton control station in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view along the lines Ill-Ill of FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view through a STOP pushbutton made in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 5A and 5B are diagrams showing, respectively, an optical switching area of the STOP pushbutton when not actuated and the STOP pushbutton when actuated,
  • FIGS. 6A is a side view of a plunger of the STOP pushbutton
  • FIG. 6B is a side view of a plunger of a START pushbutton in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view through a fiber optic indicator light made in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optically controlled remote motor starter arrangement in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the arrangement includes a motor and starter circuit 10, an electro-optic interface module 12 and a pushbutton control station 14.
  • the interface module 12 is in a protected area whereas the pushbutton control station 14 may be positioned in a hazardous area.
  • the motor and starter circuit 10 has a motor 16 connected to the mains 18 through breaker 20, starter contacts 22, and overload relay 24. Taps 26 from the mains supply the primary side of a step-down control power transformer 28.
  • the secondary side of the transformer provides a first current loop through a normally closed overload contact 29, starter contactor 30, local start button 32, local stop button 34 and an interface contact 36 of the interface module 12.
  • the secondary side of the transformer 28 also provides a second current loop through overload contact 29, starter contactor 30, a parallel path through either seal-in starter contact 38 or interface contact 40, and interface contact 36.
  • the motor and starter circuit 10 also has a starter contact 42 that is connected to interface module 12.
  • the interface module 12 has a step-down transformer 44 with a primary side connected to the secondary side of transformer 28 of motor and starter circuit 10.
  • the secondary side of transformer 44 powers an AC/DC converter 46.
  • the DC output of converter 46 is incorporated in a first current loop including starter contact 42 of motor and starter circuit 10 and a current limiting resistor 48 and a high intensity optical transmitter 50 emitting at a visible wavelength (e.g. 650 nm).
  • the DC output is also incorporated in a second current loop which loop has a parallel path through a first current limiting resistor 52a and a first infrared (e.g., 850 nm) transmitter 58a and through a second current limiting resistor 52b and a second infrared (e.g., 850 nm) transmitter 58b.
  • Transmitters 58a, 58b may be, for example, OPTEK type OPF1414 transmitters.
  • the positive side of the DC output is also connected to the serial connection of a first DC relay 60a, (noise cancelling) Schmitt trigger 62a, and receiver 64a and a second DC relay 60b, (noise cancelling) Schmitt trigger 62b, and receiver 64b.
  • Receivers 64a, 64b may be, for example, OPTEK type OPF2416 receivers.
  • An optical cable 66 connects the interface module 12 to pushbutton control station 14.
  • DC relay 60a controls interface module contact 40 and
  • the pushbutton control station 14 has an indicator light 68 connected to high intensity transmitter 50 of interface module 12 through optical fibre 66-1 of cable 66.
  • Station 14 also has a STOP pushbutton 70 connected in an optical loop between transmitter 58a and receiver 64a of the interface module 12 by optical fibres 66-2, 66-3 of cable 66 and a START pushbutton 72 connected in an optical loop between transmitter 58b and receiver 64b of the interface module 12 by further optical fibres 66-4, 66-5 of cable 66.
  • Station 14 is non-active, that is, it has no components which use electrical power.
  • the pushbutton control station 14 shown in front elevation in FIG. 2 and in sectional view in FIG. 3, is typically installed in the field and has a weatherproof enclosure 74 rated at a National Electrical Manufacturers Association 3R, 4 or 4X rating.
  • the enclosure 74 houses optical STOP and START pushbuttons 70, 72 and fiber optic indicator light 68, all of which are designed to limit the ingress of dust and other substances to enable deployment in harsh industrial environments.
  • the enclosure has a front panel 82 at which the START and STOP pushbuttons 70, 72 and the indicator light 68 are accessible.
  • Optical cable 66 enters the bottom of the enclosure 74 via a cable connector 88.
  • the enclosure 74 is dimensioned so as to accommodate optical fibers 66-1 to 66-5 of cable 66 without their being subjected to such a tight bending radius as to cause light loss or damage.
  • the fiber optic cable 66 is a standard cable adapted to be deployed in outdoor installations on cable trays, duct banks or to be directly buried (not shown).
  • the cable has six multimode, step-index optical fibers having a 125 micron diameter cladding and a 62.5 diameter micron core, the fibers being contained within interlocked steel armoured, tight buffered, single jacket Canadian Standards Association rated FT-4 cable.
  • the optical STOP pushbutton 70 has a cap 90 and a plunger 92 and is mounted for reciprocal motion within a housing 94.
  • the plunger 92 is shown in elevation view in FIG. 6A.
  • Housing 94 is mounted to an optical connector shown generally at 96.
  • An O-ring seal 98 is held in place around the plunger 92 by a press fit installed washer 100.
  • a spring pin 102 sealed at its ends with silicone plugs 104 to prevent ingress of dust, is mounted in a bore 105 through the housing 94. The spring pin 102 prevents the plunger 92 from rotating and limits the plunger's travel.
  • a compression spring 106 mounted around a medial portion of the plunger 92 is operable to bias the plunger back to a home position after it is depressed.
  • the plunger terminates in a solid blade 93.
  • the surfaces of the blade 93 are rough and black to minimize light back reflection into the fiber.
  • the optical connector 96 is of a known ST connector design.
  • Each of the fibers 66-2 and 66-3 connected to the STOP push button has an end portion mounted within a ferrule 111.
  • Split sleeves 114 align each of the ferrules 111 with a respective ball lens 116.
  • a centre split sleeve 118 aligns the two split sleeves 114.
  • O-rings seal around the respective fibers 66-2, 66-3 to prevent ingress of dust and other contaminants into the central connector section.
  • FIG. 4 shows the STOP button in a vertical orientation, it can be mounted in any convenient orientation.
  • the optical START button is identical to the just described STOP button with one exception: the blade of the plunger of the START button is longer than the blade of the STOP button and it has an aperture.
  • the plunger of the START button is depicted in FIG. 6B. Turing to FIG. 6B, it will be seen that the plunger 112 of the START button has a blade 113 with an aperture 115. By comparing FIG. 6A with FIG. 6B, it will be seen that blade 113 of the START button is longer than blade 93 of the STOP button.
  • the START button is, similarly to the STOP button, normally biased by a corresponding compression spring (not shown) to a retracted position.
  • the longer blade of the START button bars the passage of light from the transmitter fiber to the receiver fiber.
  • the aperture 115 becomes aligned with the light beam emitted from the transmitter fiber so that the light passes from the transmitter fiber into the receiver fiber.
  • the fiber optic indicator light 68 has a body 120.
  • a locknut 122 fixes the body 120 in the front panel 82 of the enclosure 74 (FIG. 3) with a sealing gasket 124 preventing ingress of dust and other contaminants.
  • a standard ST female fiber optic connector 126 is mounted in sealing engagement with body 120.
  • Optical fiber 66-1 is clamped in place by the elements of the ST male connector including a ferrule 132 surrounding an end portion of the fiber 66-1.
  • the end of the fiber 66-1 faces one end of a hollow cylindrical chamber 134 axially aligned with the fiber and formed in body 120.
  • the opposite end of chamber 134 is open and receives a plano-convex lens 136.
  • the lens 136 is dimensioned and positioned so that its focal point is located on the end face of the optical fiber 66-1.
  • a diffuser glass 140 is mounted to the body 120 over lens 136 and acts to evenly spread light emitted from the body 120 of indicator light 68 and to protect the lens 136.
  • the fiber optic indicator light 68 acts to magnify light produced by the high intensity fiber optic transmitter 50 (FIG. 1) of interface module 12 which is transmitted through optical fiber 66-1 and emit this light through diffuser glass 140.
  • the light is therefore magnified by the lens and strikes the diffuser plate 140 so that diffuse light emerges from the open end of the body 120 of indicator light 68 indicating the RUN status of the primary motor 16.
  • Starter contact 38 when closed, by-passes contact 40. Therefore, the starter contact 38 acts as a seal-in contact, maintaining a complete circuit path through starter contactor 30 after the START pushbutton is released to cut power to relay 60b and open contact 40.
  • the circuit path including starter contactor 30 may also be completed by depressing local start button 32 in order to energise the primary motor 16. And the circuit path including contactor 30 may be interrupted by depressing local stop button 34. This provides an alternate method of starting and stopping the primary motor.
  • the local start and stop buttons are optional and are only advisable where they can be positioned in a non-hazardous area.
  • overload relay 24 senses an overload current, it will open overload contact 29 which will result in de-energising the starter contactor 30 and, therefore, the primary motor 16.
  • the pushbutton control station 14 can be installed in hazardous areas without the need to be rated as explosion proof because there is no risk of the optical STOP and START pushbuttons 70, 72 or indicator light 68 producing sparks when actuated.
  • Both the STOP and START pushbuttons 70, 72 and the fiber optic indicator light 68 have switch and fiber mounting elements which are metallic. These may be grounded through dedicated grounding conductors (not shown) to limit any build up of static electricity and so prevent static discharges from occurring.
  • control circuit could be arranged so that the short bladed switch of FIG. 6A acts as a START switch rather than as a STOP switch and the long bladed switch of FIG. 6B acts as a STOP switch.
  • This alternate arrangement might be achieved, for example, by interposing an inverter between the output of each of relays 60a, 60b and their respective contacts 40, 36. However, with this arrangement fail safe operation is not achieved.
  • actuation of operator controlled remote, non-electrical STOP and START pushbuttons functions to cause a pressure drop or increase in the hydraulic or pneumatic circuit.
  • Pressure changes may be detected by pressure sensors occupying positions corresponding to the optical receivers of the optical embodiment described above.
  • Valves connected to an hydraulic or pneumatic pump occupy positions corresponding to the light emitters of the optical embodiment described above.
  • the hydraulic or pneumatic sensors and valves are connected through a hydraulic- electrical or pneumatic-electrical interface to allow a similar remote STOP / START actuation of the controlled electrical circuit.

Abstract

Un circuit de commande optique et un circuit électrique asservi tel qu'un circuit de commande moteur sont interconnectés par une interface électro-optique. Un commutateur optique passif situé dans le circuit optique à une position distante du circuit électrique est actionné physiquement afin de générer un changement dans l'état de transmission optique du circuit optique. Dans l'interface électro-optique, le changement dans l'état de transmission optique du circuit optique est détecté et déclenche un changement dans l'état de transmission électrique du circuit électrique. Une paire de ces commutateurs optiques passifs sous la forme de boutons-poussoirs arrêt (STOP) et démarrage (START) à une position distante du circuit électrique permet de réduire le risque que l'actionnement des circuits de commande moteur et similaire provoque la formation d'un arc et, dans des environnements dangereux, une explosion.
PCT/CA2008/001499 2007-08-31 2008-08-20 Commande optique à distance de circuits électriques WO2009026688A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/849,105 2007-08-31
US11/849,105 US7786428B2 (en) 2007-08-31 2007-08-31 Remote optical control of electrical circuits having a control module with a mechanical switch and a light magnifying lens
CA2614920A CA2614920C (fr) 2008-01-31 2008-01-31 Telecommande optique de circuits electriques
CA2,614,920 2008-01-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009026688A1 true WO2009026688A1 (fr) 2009-03-05

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PCT/CA2008/001499 WO2009026688A1 (fr) 2007-08-31 2008-08-20 Commande optique à distance de circuits électriques

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WO (1) WO2009026688A1 (fr)

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102035177A (zh) * 2010-10-12 2011-04-27 东莞市华鹰电子有限公司 无源远程控制系统及其控制方法
WO2012106513A1 (fr) * 2011-02-02 2012-08-09 Corning Cable Systems Llc Connecteurs de fibres optiques denses à obturateur et ensembles connecteurs aptes à établir des liaisons optiques pour des fonds de paniers optiques dans des baies d'équipements
TWI423177B (zh) * 2011-07-19 2014-01-11 Pixart Imaging Inc 光學遙控系統
US8879881B2 (en) 2010-04-30 2014-11-04 Corning Cable Systems Llc Rotatable routing guide and assembly
US8913866B2 (en) 2010-03-26 2014-12-16 Corning Cable Systems Llc Movable adapter panel
US8953924B2 (en) 2011-09-02 2015-02-10 Corning Cable Systems Llc Removable strain relief brackets for securing fiber optic cables and/or optical fibers to fiber optic equipment, and related assemblies and methods
US8965168B2 (en) 2010-04-30 2015-02-24 Corning Cable Systems Llc Fiber management devices for fiber optic housings, and related components and methods
US8989547B2 (en) 2011-06-30 2015-03-24 Corning Cable Systems Llc Fiber optic equipment assemblies employing non-U-width-sized housings and related methods
US8985862B2 (en) 2013-02-28 2015-03-24 Corning Cable Systems Llc High-density multi-fiber adapter housings
US8995812B2 (en) 2012-10-26 2015-03-31 Ccs Technology, Inc. Fiber optic management unit and fiber optic distribution device
US8992099B2 (en) 2010-02-04 2015-03-31 Corning Cable Systems Llc Optical interface cards, assemblies, and related methods, suited for installation and use in antenna system equipment
US9008485B2 (en) 2011-05-09 2015-04-14 Corning Cable Systems Llc Attachment mechanisms employed to attach a rear housing section to a fiber optic housing, and related assemblies and methods
US9020320B2 (en) 2008-08-29 2015-04-28 Corning Cable Systems Llc High density and bandwidth fiber optic apparatuses and related equipment and methods
US9022814B2 (en) 2010-04-16 2015-05-05 Ccs Technology, Inc. Sealing and strain relief device for data cables
US9038832B2 (en) 2011-11-30 2015-05-26 Corning Cable Systems Llc Adapter panel support assembly
US9042702B2 (en) 2012-09-18 2015-05-26 Corning Cable Systems Llc Platforms and systems for fiber optic cable attachment
US9075217B2 (en) 2010-04-30 2015-07-07 Corning Cable Systems Llc Apparatuses and related components and methods for expanding capacity of fiber optic housings
US9213161B2 (en) 2010-11-05 2015-12-15 Corning Cable Systems Llc Fiber body holder and strain relief device
US9250409B2 (en) 2012-07-02 2016-02-02 Corning Cable Systems Llc Fiber-optic-module trays and drawers for fiber-optic equipment
US9279951B2 (en) 2010-10-27 2016-03-08 Corning Cable Systems Llc Fiber optic module for limited space applications having a partially sealed module sub-assembly
US9519118B2 (en) 2010-04-30 2016-12-13 Corning Optical Communications LLC Removable fiber management sections for fiber optic housings, and related components and methods
US10094996B2 (en) 2008-08-29 2018-10-09 Corning Optical Communications, Llc Independently translatable modules and fiber optic equipment trays in fiber optic equipment
US11294135B2 (en) 2008-08-29 2022-04-05 Corning Optical Communications LLC High density and bandwidth fiber optic apparatuses and related equipment and methods

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Patent Citations (1)

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US11092767B2 (en) 2008-08-29 2021-08-17 Corning Optical Communications LLC High density and bandwidth fiber optic apparatuses and related equipment and methods
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US11294135B2 (en) 2008-08-29 2022-04-05 Corning Optical Communications LLC High density and bandwidth fiber optic apparatuses and related equipment and methods
US10120153B2 (en) 2008-08-29 2018-11-06 Corning Optical Communications, Llc Independently translatable modules and fiber optic equipment trays in fiber optic equipment
US10094996B2 (en) 2008-08-29 2018-10-09 Corning Optical Communications, Llc Independently translatable modules and fiber optic equipment trays in fiber optic equipment
US9910236B2 (en) 2008-08-29 2018-03-06 Corning Optical Communications LLC High density and bandwidth fiber optic apparatuses and related equipment and methods
US9020320B2 (en) 2008-08-29 2015-04-28 Corning Cable Systems Llc High density and bandwidth fiber optic apparatuses and related equipment and methods
US11086089B2 (en) 2008-08-29 2021-08-10 Corning Optical Communications LLC High density and bandwidth fiber optic apparatuses and related equipment and methods
US8992099B2 (en) 2010-02-04 2015-03-31 Corning Cable Systems Llc Optical interface cards, assemblies, and related methods, suited for installation and use in antenna system equipment
US8913866B2 (en) 2010-03-26 2014-12-16 Corning Cable Systems Llc Movable adapter panel
US9022814B2 (en) 2010-04-16 2015-05-05 Ccs Technology, Inc. Sealing and strain relief device for data cables
US9075217B2 (en) 2010-04-30 2015-07-07 Corning Cable Systems Llc Apparatuses and related components and methods for expanding capacity of fiber optic housings
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US8965168B2 (en) 2010-04-30 2015-02-24 Corning Cable Systems Llc Fiber management devices for fiber optic housings, and related components and methods
CN102035177A (zh) * 2010-10-12 2011-04-27 东莞市华鹰电子有限公司 无源远程控制系统及其控制方法
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US9645317B2 (en) 2011-02-02 2017-05-09 Corning Optical Communications LLC Optical backplane extension modules, and related assemblies suitable for establishing optical connections to information processing modules disposed in equipment racks
WO2012106513A1 (fr) * 2011-02-02 2012-08-09 Corning Cable Systems Llc Connecteurs de fibres optiques denses à obturateur et ensembles connecteurs aptes à établir des liaisons optiques pour des fonds de paniers optiques dans des baies d'équipements
US10481335B2 (en) 2011-02-02 2019-11-19 Corning Optical Communications, Llc Dense shuttered fiber optic connectors and assemblies suitable for establishing optical connections for optical backplanes in equipment racks
CN103403594A (zh) * 2011-02-02 2013-11-20 康宁光缆系统有限责任公司 适用于为设备机架中的光学底板建立光学连接的稠密的光阀遮蔽的光纤连接器及总成
US9008485B2 (en) 2011-05-09 2015-04-14 Corning Cable Systems Llc Attachment mechanisms employed to attach a rear housing section to a fiber optic housing, and related assemblies and methods
US8989547B2 (en) 2011-06-30 2015-03-24 Corning Cable Systems Llc Fiber optic equipment assemblies employing non-U-width-sized housings and related methods
US9148689B2 (en) 2011-07-19 2015-09-29 Pixart Imaging Inc. Optical remote control system
TWI423177B (zh) * 2011-07-19 2014-01-11 Pixart Imaging Inc 光學遙控系統
US8953924B2 (en) 2011-09-02 2015-02-10 Corning Cable Systems Llc Removable strain relief brackets for securing fiber optic cables and/or optical fibers to fiber optic equipment, and related assemblies and methods
US9038832B2 (en) 2011-11-30 2015-05-26 Corning Cable Systems Llc Adapter panel support assembly
US9250409B2 (en) 2012-07-02 2016-02-02 Corning Cable Systems Llc Fiber-optic-module trays and drawers for fiber-optic equipment
US9042702B2 (en) 2012-09-18 2015-05-26 Corning Cable Systems Llc Platforms and systems for fiber optic cable attachment
US8995812B2 (en) 2012-10-26 2015-03-31 Ccs Technology, Inc. Fiber optic management unit and fiber optic distribution device
US8985862B2 (en) 2013-02-28 2015-03-24 Corning Cable Systems Llc High-density multi-fiber adapter housings

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