WO2009016453A2 - Drill pipe with tool joints - Google Patents

Drill pipe with tool joints Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009016453A2
WO2009016453A2 PCT/IB2008/001923 IB2008001923W WO2009016453A2 WO 2009016453 A2 WO2009016453 A2 WO 2009016453A2 IB 2008001923 W IB2008001923 W IB 2008001923W WO 2009016453 A2 WO2009016453 A2 WO 2009016453A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coating
joints
drill pipe
phosphate
tool
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2008/001923
Other languages
French (fr)
Russian (ru)
Other versions
WO2009016453A3 (en
Inventor
Aleksandr Vladimirovich Getiman
Svetlana Sevyonovna Stepanova
Yuriy Alekseevich Trifonov
Original Assignee
Zakrytoe Akcionernoe Obschestvo 'kompaniya 'temerso'
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zakrytoe Akcionernoe Obschestvo 'kompaniya 'temerso' filed Critical Zakrytoe Akcionernoe Obschestvo 'kompaniya 'temerso'
Priority to CN200880000961.5A priority Critical patent/CN101558215B/en
Priority to US12/211,415 priority patent/US7686343B2/en
Publication of WO2009016453A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009016453A2/en
Publication of WO2009016453A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009016453A3/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
    • E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
    • E21B17/042—Threaded
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/322—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer only coatings of metal elements only
    • C23C28/3225—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer only coatings of metal elements only with at least one zinc-based layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/347—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with layers adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
    • E21B17/1085—Wear protectors; Blast joints; Hard facing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B33/00—Features common to bolt and nut
    • F16B33/06—Surface treatment of parts furnished with screw-thread, e.g. for preventing seizure or fretting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to drilling equipment, more specifically to drill pipes used in exploration, oil or gas wells.
  • a drill pipe consists of the pipe itself - a relatively long and almost non-machined element, and threaded connecting lock parts (hereinafter: locks, or connecting locks) located at the ends of the pipe and made integral with the pipe body or forming an integral connection with it.
  • locks or connecting locks
  • the term “batter” will mean exactly such a product.
  • the term “pipe” will mean only the drill pipe blank, without locking parts.
  • Locks are used to connect drill pipes to the drill string and are an element with an external tapered thread (hereinafter: the nipple), or an element with an internal tapered thread (hereinafter: the coupling).
  • the nipple an element with an external tapered thread
  • the coupling an element with an internal tapered thread
  • locks in the manufacture are subject to rather complex machining. Therefore, it is more profitable to make relatively short locks separately, and then connect them by welding with the ends of the pipes.
  • a significant part of the drill pipe is made with welded joints. To increase the area of the welded joint and reduce stress, the ends of the pipes are expanded - planted.
  • friction welding is used (see, for example, Russian patent .Na 2291904 according to class C21D 9/08).
  • Known drill pipe with welded tool joints wear is uneven, and the durability of the body of the drill pipe is much higher than that of the weld joint.
  • the locking thread wears out faster than the pipe body, and therefore the locks are designed and manufactured with a margin that allows them to be repaired at least once.
  • the end of the castle is cut to a height of 20 ... 40 mm.
  • the presence of stock leads to increased consumption of metal, increases the bending stiffness of the drill string and the dimensions of the castle joints. Repair is possible only in conditions of pipe bases and therefore, the cost of transporting pipes from the rig to the base and vice versa is added to the cost of repair.
  • Coatings are applied to at least the threaded portions of the drill pipe tool joints. Coatings are applied to increase the corrosion resistance of the parts, wear resistance, or both.
  • Threaded connections are known, in particular for tubing and drill pipes, on the threaded surface of which a layer of plastic copper-containing alloy is mechanically applied (Chinan patent N ° 2214478 according to class C23C 26/00).
  • the coating is applied individually to each hardened part by pressing a rubbing rod against the surface of the rotating part while simultaneously wetting the contact zone with a liquid of a certain composition.
  • This coating provides corrosion resistance and increases the wear resistance of threaded joints.
  • the disadvantage of such coatings is the complexity of the process of applying them.
  • the parameters of the coating have a wide scatter from part to part, due to the fact that the coating is applied to each part individually, and the criterion for completing the process is “the appearance of a sharp whistling sound,” that is, a very subjective indicator.
  • the closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result are drill pipes, couplings and adapters, on the threaded surfaces of which there is a two-layer protective coating consisting of a zinc layer 10 ... 14 ⁇ m thick, deposited by thermal diffusion galvanizing, and phosphate coated on it films 2 ... 3 ⁇ m thick (RF patent for utility model N ° 38498 according to class F 16Ll 5/08).
  • the technology of thermal diffusion galvanizing is the most suitable for large-scale production and provides good coating quality.
  • the purpose of applying an additional phosphate coating is to enhance the reliability of the thermal diffusion zinc coating, which with a thickness of less than 15 microns does not have guaranteed continuity.
  • Such a two-layer coating protects the connection elements from corrosion during storage and transportation. However, it is abraded during the very first screw-unscrew cycles, after a maximum of ten cycles, then the metal of the thread itself begins to abrade. Therefore, the known coating does not increase the durability of the locks.
  • the technical result achieved by this proposal is to increase the wear resistance of the drill pipe tool joints.
  • thermodiffusion powder galvanizing 0.09 ... 0, 13 K, where K is the taper of the thread, is to increase the wear resistance, or durability, of the locking joints, measured by the number of screwing cycles unscrewing.
  • the technical result from the application of phosphate coating is to increase the corrosion resistance of the castle, especially in areas without zinc coating.
  • drawing l shows the end of the proposed drill pipe with a welded lock.
  • the drill pipe consists of the body of the pipe 1, connected at the ends through a permanent connection 2 (weld) with connecting locking parts (locks) 3 having a tapered thread, external or internal.
  • a permanent connection 2 welding
  • locking parts (locks) 3 having a tapered thread, external or internal.
  • the drawing shows a lock 3 with an external thread (nipple).
  • the second end of the pipe having a lock with an internal thread is not shown in the drawing.
  • a coating 5 deposited by the method of powder thermal diffusion galvanizing.
  • the thickness ⁇ of the coating 5 is 0.09 ... 0.13 K, where K is the taper of the thread of the locks. This ratio has been experimentally established for taper values ranging from 1/6 to 1/4, that is, for all the most commonly used tapered lock threads.
  • a protective phosphate coating (phosphate film) is applied on top of the coating 5. In the manufacture of the locks, it is applied to section 4 and the end part.
  • the thickness of the phosphate coating 6 is 1 ... 3 ⁇ m, as is customary for phosphate anti-corrosion coatings. Better when it is 2 ... 3 microns.
  • the dashed line 8 for comparison shows the dimension of a known castle connection.
  • the manufacturing technology of the proposed drill pipe is as follows.
  • pipe bodies 1 are made in the form of pipe segments with upset ends.
  • Lock details 3 are made, on which coating 4 is applied by the method of powder thermal diffusion galvanizing.
  • the coating mode is set so that its final thickness is in the above ratio with the taper of the thread K of the lock 3.
  • the zinc coating 4 is removed from the end of the castle, intended for welding with the pipe body 1 and from the adjacent portion of the side surface of the castle 3 , length 15 ... 25 mm.
  • the entire surface of the locking part 3 phosphates to form a phosphate film 6 on it with a thickness of 1 ... 3 mm.
  • the locking part 3 is connected to the body of the pipe 1 by friction welding.
  • the loss of length is usually 10 ... 15 mm per connection.
  • the zinc coating intermetallics do not fall into the weld zone and do not impair its strength characteristics.
  • the length of the section 4 of the side surface of the locking part 3, free of zinc coating 5, is less than 15 mm, the strength characteristics of the weld become unstable due to the ingress of zinc coating intermetallics into the welding zone.
  • the increase in the length of the specified section 4 in excess of 25 mm does not increase the quality of the seam, but increases the surface unprotected by zinc coating 5, which reduces the durability of the product.
  • Phosphate coating 6 protects surfaces from corrosion during storage. It is not necessary to remove it before welding, since at the specified thickness it does not affect the quality of the welded joint. After welding operations, stripping, mechanical and heat treatment of the welding zone, it disappears. The welding site for corrosion protection, like the entire pipe, is covered with a layer 7 of protective varnish.
  • the coating thickness 4 is higher than the upper of the stated limits, i.e., when ⁇ > ODZK, the increment of the interference fit due to the presence of coating begins to exceed the permissible norms, which can lead to the rejection of suitable drill pipes directly in the field of operation.

Abstract

The engineering problem of the claimed invention is to enhance wear- resistance of drill pipe tool joints. The proposed drill pipe consists of a body with upset ends and tool joints connected by means of friction welding, having tapered thread and a double coating, the first layer being applied by means of thermo-diffusion zincing and the second one, by means phosphate treatment. Enhancement of tool joint life, as compared to the tool joints with phosphate coating only, allows no overdimension to be stipulated for future repair purposes, which saves up to several kilos of metal per tool joint, decreasing the drill string weight by several tons. With a view to increasing the joints' durability and reliability of welding seams the thickness δ of the first coating layer as function of thread conicity K is adjusted according to the following formula: δ = 0,09...0,13 K. The segment at 15 to 25 mm from the welding spot on joints is coated with phosphate only.

Description

БУРИЛЬНАЯ ТРУБА С СОЕДИНИТЕЛЬНЫМИ ЗАМКАМИ DRILL PIPE WITH CONNECTING LOCKS
Изобретение относится к буровой технике, точнее к бурильным трубам, используемым в геологоразведочных, нефтяных или газовых скважинах.The invention relates to drilling equipment, more specifically to drill pipes used in exploration, oil or gas wells.
Бурильная труба состоит из собственно трубы - сравнительно длинного и почти не подвергаемого механической обработке элемента, и резьбовых соединительных замковых деталей (далее: замков, или соединительных замков), расположенных по концам трубы и выполненных заодно с телом трубы, либо образующих с ним неразъёмное соединение. Далее термином «бypильнaя тpyбa» будет обозначаться именно такое изделие. Термином же «тpyбa» будет обозначаться только заготовка бурильной трубы, без замковых деталей.A drill pipe consists of the pipe itself - a relatively long and almost non-machined element, and threaded connecting lock parts (hereinafter: locks, or connecting locks) located at the ends of the pipe and made integral with the pipe body or forming an integral connection with it. Hereinafter, the term “batter” will mean exactly such a product. The term “pipe” will mean only the drill pipe blank, without locking parts.
Замки служат для соединения бурильных труб в буровую колонну и представляют собой элемент с наружной конической резьбой (далее: ниппель), либо элемент с внутренней конической резьбой (далее: муфта). В отличие от труб, замки при изготовлении подвергаются довольно сложной механической обработке. Поэтому выгоднее изготавливать сравнительно короткие замки отдельно, а потом соединять их сваркой с торцами труб. В настоящее время значительная часть бурильных труб изготавливается с приварными замками. Для увеличения площади сварного соединения и снижения напряжений концы труб выполняются расширенными - высаживаются. Для соединения отдельно изготовленных замков с концами труб используется сварка трением (см., например, патент России .Na 2291904 по кл. C21D 9/08).Locks are used to connect drill pipes to the drill string and are an element with an external tapered thread (hereinafter: the nipple), or an element with an internal tapered thread (hereinafter: the coupling). Unlike pipes, locks in the manufacture are subject to rather complex machining. Therefore, it is more profitable to make relatively short locks separately, and then connect them by welding with the ends of the pipes. Currently, a significant part of the drill pipe is made with welded joints. To increase the area of the welded joint and reduce stress, the ends of the pipes are expanded - planted. To connect separately made locks with pipe ends, friction welding is used (see, for example, Russian patent .Na 2291904 according to class C21D 9/08).
Бурильные трубы изнашиваются в процессе бурения. У известных бурильных труб с приварными замками износ происходит неравномерно, и долговечность тела бурильной трубы намного выше, чем у приварного замка. Замковая резьба изнашивается быстрее тела труб, и потому замки проектируются и изготавливаются с запасом, позволяющим их ремонтировать, хотя бы один раз. Для ремонта торец замка подрезается на высоту 20...40 мм. Наличие запаса приводит к повышенному расходу металла, увеличивает изгибную жёсткость буровой колонны и габариты замковых соединений. Ремонт возможен только в условиях трубных баз и поэтому к стоимости ремонта добавляется и стоимость перевозки труб с буровой на базу и обратно. На, по меньшей мере, резьбовые части замков бурильных труб наносятся покрытия. Покрытия наносятся для повышения коррозионной стойкости частей, износостойкости или того и другого вместе.Drill pipes wear out during drilling. Known drill pipe with welded tool joints wear is uneven, and the durability of the body of the drill pipe is much higher than that of the weld joint. The locking thread wears out faster than the pipe body, and therefore the locks are designed and manufactured with a margin that allows them to be repaired at least once. For repair, the end of the castle is cut to a height of 20 ... 40 mm. The presence of stock leads to increased consumption of metal, increases the bending stiffness of the drill string and the dimensions of the castle joints. Repair is possible only in conditions of pipe bases and therefore, the cost of transporting pipes from the rig to the base and vice versa is added to the cost of repair. Coatings are applied to at least the threaded portions of the drill pipe tool joints. Coatings are applied to increase the corrosion resistance of the parts, wear resistance, or both.
Известны резьбовые соединения, в частности, для насосно- компрессорных и буровых труб, на резьбовой поверхности которых механическим способом нанесён слой пластичного медьсодержащего сплава (патент России N° 2214478 по кл. C23C 26/00). Покрытие наносится индивидуально на каждую упрочняемую деталь посредством прижатия к поверхности вращающейся детали натирающего прутка с одновременным смачиванием зоны контакта жидкостью определённого состава. Такое покрытие обеспечивает коррозионную стойкость и повышает износостойкость резьбовых соединений. Недостатком таких покрытий является сложность процесса их нанесения. Кроме того, параметры покрытия имеют большой разброс от детали к детали, связанный с тем, что покрытие наносится на каждую деталь индивидуально, а критерием завершения процесса является «пoявлeниe резкого свистящего звyкa», то есть очень субъективный показатель.Threaded connections are known, in particular for tubing and drill pipes, on the threaded surface of which a layer of plastic copper-containing alloy is mechanically applied (Russian patent N ° 2214478 according to class C23C 26/00). The coating is applied individually to each hardened part by pressing a rubbing rod against the surface of the rotating part while simultaneously wetting the contact zone with a liquid of a certain composition. This coating provides corrosion resistance and increases the wear resistance of threaded joints. The disadvantage of such coatings is the complexity of the process of applying them. In addition, the parameters of the coating have a wide scatter from part to part, due to the fact that the coating is applied to each part individually, and the criterion for completing the process is “the appearance of a sharp whistling sound,” that is, a very subjective indicator.
Наиболее близкими к предложенным по технической сущности и достигаемому результату являются бурильные трубы, соединительные муфты и переходники, на резьбовых поверхностях которых имеется двухслойное защитное покрытие, состоящее из цинкового слоя толщиной 10...14 мкм, нанесённого способом термодиффузионного цинкования, и нанесённой на него фосфатной плёнки толщиной 2...3 мкм (патент РФ на полезную модель N° 38498 по кл. F 16Ll 5/08). Технология термодиффузионноrо цинкования является наиболее пригодной для крупносерийного производства и обеспечивает хорошее качество покрытия. Цель нанесения дополнительного фосфатного покрытия состоит в усилении надёжности термодиффузионного цинкового покрытия, которое при толщине менее 15 мкм не имеет гарантированной непрерывности. Такое двухслойное покрытие обеспечивает защиту элементов соединения от коррозии при хранении и транспортировке. Однако оно истирается при первых же циклах свинчивание-развинчивание, максимум после десяти циклов, далее начинает истираться металл самой резьбы. Поэтому известное покрытие не повышает долговечности замков.The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result are drill pipes, couplings and adapters, on the threaded surfaces of which there is a two-layer protective coating consisting of a zinc layer 10 ... 14 μm thick, deposited by thermal diffusion galvanizing, and phosphate coated on it films 2 ... 3 μm thick (RF patent for utility model N ° 38498 according to class F 16Ll 5/08). The technology of thermal diffusion galvanizing is the most suitable for large-scale production and provides good coating quality. The purpose of applying an additional phosphate coating is to enhance the reliability of the thermal diffusion zinc coating, which with a thickness of less than 15 microns does not have guaranteed continuity. Such a two-layer coating protects the connection elements from corrosion during storage and transportation. However, it is abraded during the very first screw-unscrew cycles, after a maximum of ten cycles, then the metal of the thread itself begins to abrade. Therefore, the known coating does not increase the durability of the locks.
Технический результат, достигаемый настоящим предложением, состоит в повышении износостойкости замковых соединений бурильных труб. Указанный результат достигается тем, что у бурильной трубы с приваренными соединительными замками, имеющими коническую резьбу и двухслойное покрытие, первый слой которого нанесён методом термодиффузионного порошкового цинкования, а второй - методом фосфатирования, толщина δ (мкм) первого слоя покрытия связана с конусностью К резьбы соотношением δ = 0,09...0,13K, а на участке протяжённостью 15-25 мм от места сварки на замках имеется только фосфатное покрытие.The technical result achieved by this proposal is to increase the wear resistance of the drill pipe tool joints. This result is achieved by the fact that for a drill pipe with welded joint locks having a conical thread and a two-layer coating, the first layer of which is deposited by thermodiffusion powder galvanizing and the second by phosphating, the thickness δ (μm) of the first coating layer is related to the taper of the thread by the ratio δ = 0.09 ... 0.13K, and in the area with a length of 15-25 mm from the place of welding on the locks there is only phosphate coating.
Технический результат от того, что толщина δ покрытия, нанесённого методом термодиффузионного порошкового цинкования, составляет 0,09...0, 13 К, где К - конусность резьбы, состоит в повышении износостойкости, или долговечности, замковых соединений, измеряемой числом циклов свинчивание- развинчивание.The technical result from the fact that the thickness δ of the coating deposited by thermodiffusion powder galvanizing is 0.09 ... 0, 13 K, where K is the taper of the thread, is to increase the wear resistance, or durability, of the locking joints, measured by the number of screwing cycles unscrewing.
Технический результат от нанесения фосфатного покрытия состоит в повышении коррозионной стойкости замка, в особенности, на участках, не имеющих цинкового покрытия.The technical result from the application of phosphate coating is to increase the corrosion resistance of the castle, especially in areas without zinc coating.
Технический результат от того, что на участке замка протяжённостью 15-25 мм от' места сварки имеется только фосфатное покрытие состоит в повышении долговечности бурильной трубы за счёт увеличения надёжности сварного соединения замка с телом трубы.The technical result from the fact that in the section of the lock with a length of 15-25 mm from the welding site there is only a phosphate coating consists in increasing the durability of the drill pipe by increasing the reliability of the welded joint of the lock with the pipe body.
Существо предложения поясняется чертежом фиг.l, на котором изображён конец предложенной бурильной трубы с приваренным замком.The essence of the proposal is illustrated by drawing l, which shows the end of the proposed drill pipe with a welded lock.
Бурильная труба состоит из тела трубы 1 , соединённого по концам через неразъёмное соединение 2 (сварной шов) с соединительными замковыми деталями (замками) 3, имеющими коническую резьбу, наружную или внутреннюю. Для примера, на чертеже изображён замок 3 с наружной резьбой (ниппель). Второй конец трубы, имеющий замок с внутренней резьбой, на чертеже не показан. Относящиеся к предлагаемому техническому решению признаки для него совершенно аналогичны.The drill pipe consists of the body of the pipe 1, connected at the ends through a permanent connection 2 (weld) with connecting locking parts (locks) 3 having a tapered thread, external or internal. For example, the drawing shows a lock 3 with an external thread (nipple). The second end of the pipe having a lock with an internal thread is not shown in the drawing. The features related to the proposed technical solution are completely similar to it.
На всей поверхности замковых деталей, исключая участок 4 протяжённостью 15...25 мм от зоны сварки, имеется покрытие 5, нанесённое методом порошкового термодиффузионного цинкования. Толщина δ покрытия 5 составляет 0,09...0,13 К, где К - конусность резьбы замков. Это соотношение экспериментально установлено для значений конусности, лежащих в пределах от 1/6 до 1/4, то есть для всех наиболее часто применяемых конических замковых резьб. Поверх покрытия 5 нанесено защитное фосфатное покрытие (фосфатная плёнка) 6. При изготовлении замков оно наносится и на участок 4 и торцевую часть. Толщина фосфатного покрытия 6 составляет 1...3 мкм, как обычно принято для фосфатных антикоррозионных покрытий. Лучше, когда она составляет 2...3 мкм.On the entire surface of the locking parts, except for section 4 with a length of 15 ... 25 mm from the welding zone, there is a coating 5, deposited by the method of powder thermal diffusion galvanizing. The thickness δ of the coating 5 is 0.09 ... 0.13 K, where K is the taper of the thread of the locks. This ratio has been experimentally established for taper values ranging from 1/6 to 1/4, that is, for all the most commonly used tapered lock threads. A protective phosphate coating (phosphate film) is applied on top of the coating 5. In the manufacture of the locks, it is applied to section 4 and the end part. The thickness of the phosphate coating 6 is 1 ... 3 μm, as is customary for phosphate anti-corrosion coatings. Better when it is 2 ... 3 microns.
На чертеже фиг. 1 штриховой линией 8 для сравнения показан габарит известного замкового соединения.In the drawing of FIG. 1, the dashed line 8 for comparison shows the dimension of a known castle connection.
Технология изготовления предложенных бурильных труб такова.The manufacturing technology of the proposed drill pipe is as follows.
Сначала изготавливаются тела труб 1, в виде отрезков труб с высаженными концами. Изготавливаются замковые детали 3, на которые наносится покрытие 4 методом порошкового термодиффузионного цинкования. Режим нанесения покрытия устанавливается таким, чтобы его конечная толщина находилась в указанном выше соотношении с конусностью резьбы К замка 3. Далее, цинковое покрытие 4 удаляется с торцевой части замка, предназначенной для сварки с телом трубы 1 и с прилегающего к ней участка боковой поверхности замка 3, протяжённостью 15...25 мм. После этого вся поверхность замковой детали 3 фосфатируется до образования на ней фосфатной плёнки 6 толщиной 1...3 мм.First, pipe bodies 1 are made in the form of pipe segments with upset ends. Lock details 3 are made, on which coating 4 is applied by the method of powder thermal diffusion galvanizing. The coating mode is set so that its final thickness is in the above ratio with the taper of the thread K of the lock 3. Next, the zinc coating 4 is removed from the end of the castle, intended for welding with the pipe body 1 and from the adjacent portion of the side surface of the castle 3 , length 15 ... 25 mm. After that, the entire surface of the locking part 3 phosphates to form a phosphate film 6 on it with a thickness of 1 ... 3 mm.
Затем замковая деталь 3 соединяется с телом трубы 1 посредством сварки трением. При этом потеря длины обычно составляет 10...15 мм на соединение.Then the locking part 3 is connected to the body of the pipe 1 by friction welding. In this case, the loss of length is usually 10 ... 15 mm per connection.
Благодаря отсутствию цинкового покрытия 4 на торцевой и прилегающей к ней боковой части замковой детали 3 интерметаллиды цинкового покрытия не попадают в зону сварного соединения и не ухудшают его прочностных характеристик. При длине участка 4 боковой поверхности замковой детали 3, свободной от цинкового покрытия 5, менее 15 мм прочностные характеристики сварного шва становятся нестабильными из-за попадания интерметаллидов цинкового покрытия в зону сварки. Увеличение длины указанного участка 4 сверх 25 мм не повышает качества шва, но увеличивает незащищённую цинковым покрытием 5 поверхность, что снижает долговечность изделия.Due to the absence of zinc coating 4 on the end and adjacent side part of the locking part 3, the zinc coating intermetallics do not fall into the weld zone and do not impair its strength characteristics. When the length of the section 4 of the side surface of the locking part 3, free of zinc coating 5, is less than 15 mm, the strength characteristics of the weld become unstable due to the ingress of zinc coating intermetallics into the welding zone. The increase in the length of the specified section 4 in excess of 25 mm does not increase the quality of the seam, but increases the surface unprotected by zinc coating 5, which reduces the durability of the product.
Фосфатное покрытие 6 защищает поверхности от коррозии во время хранения. Удалять его перед сваркой нет необходимости, так как при указанной толщине оно не влияет на качество сварного соединения. После операций сварки зачистки, механической и термической обработки зоны сварки оно пропадает. Место сварки для защиты от коррозии, как и вся труба, покрывается слоем 7 защитного лака. При толщинах δ термодиффузионного цинкового покрытия 4 ниже нижнего из заявленных пределов, то есть при δ < 0,09K не обеспечивается сплошность цинкового покрытия, нельзя гарантировать заявленное увеличение ресурса бурильной трубы. При толщинах покрытия 4 выше верхнего из заявленных пределов, то есть при δ > ОДЗК величина приращения натяга соединения, обусловленного наличием покрытия, начинает превышать допустимые нормы, что может привести к отбраковке годных бурильных труб непосредственно в местах эксплуатации.Phosphate coating 6 protects surfaces from corrosion during storage. It is not necessary to remove it before welding, since at the specified thickness it does not affect the quality of the welded joint. After welding operations, stripping, mechanical and heat treatment of the welding zone, it disappears. The welding site for corrosion protection, like the entire pipe, is covered with a layer 7 of protective varnish. When the thicknesses δ of the thermal diffusion zinc coating 4 are lower than the lower of the declared limits, that is, when δ <0.09 K, the continuity of the zinc coating is not ensured, the claimed increase in the drill pipe life cannot be guaranteed. When the coating thickness 4 is higher than the upper of the stated limits, i.e., when δ> ODZK, the increment of the interference fit due to the presence of coating begins to exceed the permissible norms, which can lead to the rejection of suitable drill pipes directly in the field of operation.
Диапазон толщин цинкового покрытия был установлен в ходе продолжительных и дорогостоящих испытаний на предельное число циклов свинчивание-развинчивание с максимальным рабочим моментом затяжки соединения. При испытаниях предложенных бурильных труб установлено, что при толщине покрытия, связанной с конусностью соединения указанным выше соотношением, оно сохраняется ещё после 200...300 циклов, тогда как долговечность покрытия известных замковых соединений не превышает десяти циклов. Ресурс замкового соединения по сравнению с соединениями, имеющими только фосфатное покрытие, повышается до 2000...3000 циклов. Это приблизительно равно долговечности тела бурильной трубы. Такое повышение ресурса замковых соединений устраняет необходимость как в ремонте, так и в связанной с ним необходимости перевозки бурильных труб на трубные базы и обратно: полностью и одновременно изношенная по всем элементам бурильная труба просто отправляется в металлолом.The range of thicknesses of the zinc coating was established during lengthy and costly tests for the maximum number of screw-unscrew cycles with a maximum working torque of the connection. When testing the proposed drill pipe, it was found that with a coating thickness related to the taper of the joint as indicated above, it remains after 200 ... 300 cycles, while the durability of the coating of known tool joints does not exceed ten cycles. The resource of the castle compound in comparison with compounds having only a phosphate coating increases to 2000 ... 3000 cycles. This is approximately equal to the durability of the body of the drill pipe. Such an increase in the resource of tool joints eliminates the need for repair, as well as for the need to transport drill pipes to pipe bases and vice versa: a drill pipe that is completely worn down over all elements is simply sent to scrap.
Кроме того, такое повышение ресурса позволяет не предусматривать в замковых деталях запаса металла на ремонт (ср. габариты предложенного замка с габаритами известного, показанными штриховой линией 8 на чертеже фиг. 1), что экономит до нескольких килограммов металла на одно замковое соединение, снижая тем самым массу буровых колонн на несколько тонн. Уменьшение габаритов замкового соединения за счёт исключения запасаемого для ремонта металла уменьшает изгибную жёсткость колонны бурильных труб, повышая тем самым условия прохождения криволинейных участков скважин, упрощает условия «зapeзки» вторых стволов при капитальном ремонте скважин. In addition, such an increase in the resource allows not to provide a reserve of metal for repairs in the locking parts (cf. the dimensions of the proposed lock with the dimensions of the known one, shown by dashed line 8 in the drawing of Fig. 1), which saves up to several kilograms of metal per lock connection, thereby reducing the most weight of drill columns is several tons. Reducing the dimensions of the tool joint due to the exclusion of metal stocked for repair reduces the bending stiffness of the drill pipe string, thereby increasing the conditions for passing curved sections of the wells, simplifies the conditions for “freezing” the second shafts during well overhaul.

Claims

ФОРМУЛА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ CLAIM
Бурильная труба с соединительными замками, имеющими коническую резьбу и двухслойное покрытие, первый слой которого нанесён методом термодиффузионного порошкового цинкования, а второй - методом фосфатирования, отличающаяся тем, что на торцевой поверхности, предназначенной для сварки, и на прилегающей к ней части цилиндрической поверхности протяжённостью 15 - 25 мм имеется только фосфатное покрытие, причем толщина δ (мкм) первого слоя покрытия связана с конусностью К резьбы соотношением δ = 0,09...0,13K. A drill pipe with connecting locks having a tapered thread and a two-layer coating, the first layer of which is applied by thermodiffusion powder galvanizing, and the second by phosphating, characterized in that on the end surface intended for welding and on the adjacent part of the cylindrical surface with a length of 15 - 25 mm there is only a phosphate coating, and the thickness δ (μm) of the first coating layer is associated with the taper of the thread by the ratio δ = 0.09 ... 0.13 K.
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CN101558215B (en) 2012-11-07
WO2009016453A3 (en) 2009-06-18

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