WO2009014295A1

WO2009014295A1 - Multirole combustion equipment for solid fuel combustion of cycle resource

Info

Publication number: WO2009014295A1
Application number: PCT/KR2008/001036
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jae-Soon Kim; Jeom-Ryong Kang
Original assignee: Jae-Soon Kim; Jeom-Ryong Kang
Priority date: 2007-07-24
Filing date: 2008-02-22
Publication date: 2009-01-29
Also published as: KR100808140B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to multi-functional combustion equipment for burning solid fuel of recycling resources including: a solid fuel supply device for supplying solid fuel; a combustion chamber body for burning the solid fuel supplied therein; and a combustion ash discharge device for discharging the ashes of the solid fuel after the combustion to the outside, the combustion chamber body having a plurality of high pressure combustion air nozzles mounted in the middle portion of the inner periphery thereof and a hourglass-shaped combustion chamber formed at the inside thereof, the combustion chamber having a cylindrical stairs- integrated type pyrolysis combustion device provided along the inner lower periphery thereof and a plurality of half triangular combustion nozzles spaced apart from each other along the upper end of each stair of the pyrolysis combustion device.

Description

MULTIROLE COMBUSTION EQUIPMENT FOR SOLID FUEL COMBUSION OF CYCLE RESOURCE

Technical Field

[1] The present invention relates to multi-functional combustion equipment for burning solid fuel of recycling resources, and more particularly, to multi-functional combustion equipment for burning solid fuel of recycling resources that can utilize the solid fuel having high calorie as a useful energy wherein the melting of the solid fuel does not occur in a solid fuel supply device, a combustion device is strongly resistant to high temperature and high heat, complete combustion is conducted, the heat load is reduced in a combustion chamber, the environmental pollution caused by exhaust gas is greatly decreased, and the high temperature and high heat energy generated from the combustion chamber is utilized by energy recovery equipment connected to an exhaust gas discharge outlet of the combustion chamber so as to multi-functionally utilize the energy. Background Art

[2] The solid fuel of recycling resources largely is divided into two types of products, for example, refuse plastic fuel (RPF) products and combustible refuse derived fuel (RDF) products according to 'enforcement regulations of a law for the saving of resources and the promotion of the recycling' announced by the Ministry of Environment on August 2006 in Korea.

[3] According to the regulations, the slid fuel is molded of a round pellet having a diameter of 30 mm and a length of 100mm, and the combustible municipal waste should have a calorie value of 3,500 kcal/kg or more, while the waste plastic solid fuel should have a calorie value of 6,000 kcal/kg.

[4] In the materials generated from the combustion of the solid fuel of the recycling resources, there exist a large quantity of materials having high calorie and thermoplastic and thermosetting properties.

[5] So as to burn them, thus, there is a need for the preparation of special pyrolysis combustion device and combustion chamber.

[6] If they are not provided, however, incomplete combustion is caused to generate a large quantity of pollutants and even dioxin, thereby losing the value as the solid fuel having high calorie in the recycling resources.

[7] Many studies have been made so as to overcome the problems the renewable energy combustion devices have had.

[8] First, there are disclosed Korean Utility Model Registration No.0407477 entitled 'renewable energy combustion device having a fuel discharge outlet formed on a burner¹ and Korean Patent No.0691504 entitled 'renewable energy combustion device for producing fuel to be used for combustion by using heat generated during combustion', as filed by the same applicant as in the present invention, wherein a fuel feed opening is formed at the center of the burner such that fuel is fed from the top end thereof, and a combustion nozzle is formed of an elongated bar- like pipe protruded from the combustion device.

[9] It is however found that the conventional combustion devices have had some problems.

[10] That is, the solid fuel feed opening is formed at the center of the burner, such that if the burner is raised at a temperature during the combustion process, the solid fuel being supplied vertically to the fuel feed opening is severely melt and hardened along the inner periphery of a screw by means of the combustion heat generated around the burner.

[11] Thus, while the solid fuel is not being supplied to the upper portion of the discharge outlet thereof, the screw and the solid fuel are melt with each other and hardened, and as the screw is deformed, further, the power and rotation load of the screw becomes increased to cause the rotary movement to halt, which results in the loss of the functions as the solid fuel supply device and the combustion device.

[12] Even when such the melting does not occur in the initial combustion process, however, the combustion nozzle protruded inwardly from the top portion of the combustion device are oxidized and melted by means of the high heat generated during the pyrolysis process of the solid fuel fed to the upper portion of the combustion device, such that the combustion air producing pyrolysis gas is not gently supplied, which causes the functions of the combustion nozzle and the pyrolysis combustion device to be deteriorated.

[13] Further, the pyrolysis combustion is not completely carried out by means of the oxidization and melting of the nozzle pipe protruded from the combustion device, and a large quantity of unburnt gas lifts upwardly such that the injection nozzle pipe protruded vertically inwardly from the center of the combustion device is damaged by high temperature and high heat, which causes its oxidization and melting.

[14] Eventually, this causes the functions of decatalytic combustion device and the pyrolysis combustion device to be lost.

[15] Further, there is disclosed Korean Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No.

20-0319121 (entitled 'combustor for waste solid fuel') wherein the combustor includes: a waste solid fuel supply device; a first combustion chamber for burning the waste solid fuel; second and third combustion chambers defined by a fire-resistant wall at one side of the first combustion chamber and adapted to extend the residence time of the combustion gas generated from the first combustion chamber stays; first and second combustion air supply pipes disposed in the first combustion chamber and adapted to supply combustion air to the waste solid fuel being conveyed; and an ash discharge device adapted to discharge the ashes of the waste solid fuel burnt in the first combustion chamber to the outside.

[16] However, the above-mentioned prior art is an improvement of the chain fire grate stoker device for burning block coal as developed in the United Kingdom in the 1960's, wherein the combustion air supplied under the fire grate is necessarily required so as to burn the block coal and all combustion materials have different combustion conditions depending upon the combustion air supplied.

[17] The above-mentioned combustion device is invented to burn the refuse derived fuel

(RDF) which is compressed and molded from general waste, and according to the features of the fuel, it contains most waste plastic materials, such that when the fuel is burnt, the conventional combustion device has lots of problems because of the thermoplastic and thermosetting properties of the fuel.

[18] That is, the chain stoker is rotated only when a connection loop is mounted between the chains.

[19] The plastic materials having the thermoplastic and thermosetting properties are accumulated between the connecting portions between the connection loops, such that the burnt materials are stacked and hardened between the chains and on the bottom of the chains, which keeps the rotary motions of the chains from being carried out and also keeps the supply of fuel from being not gently carried out.

[20] Eventually, this undesirably causes the combustion operation to abruptly stop.

[21] So as to solve these problems, if the combustion air is supplied under the fire grate, the entire chain stoker is heated to a high temperature such that the connection loop connecting the chains may be thermally deformed, with a result of escaping from the fixed position and being damaged.

[22] This prevents the combustion process from being kept gently.

[23] In order to solve this problem, thus, the conventional combustion device partially supplies secondary combustion air above the fire grate, while not supplying the combustion air under the fire grate, which undesirably causes the incomplete combustion result and severe smoke.

[24] Thus, oil as auxiliary fuel is additionally used in the second combustion chamber so as to raise the temperature of the smoke or the pollutants and burn them.

[25] However, when it is considered that the RDF is utilized to cope with the era of high oil prices, it is not desirable that the conventional combustion device makes the use of oil. Disclosure of Invention

Technical Problem

[26] To solve these problems, accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide multi-functional combustion equipment for burning solid fuel of recycling resources so as to utilize the solid fuel having high calorie as a useful energy in the ear of high oil prices.

[27] It is another object of the present invention to provide multi-functional combustion equipment for burning solid fuel of recycling resources that can utilize the solid fuel having high calorie as a useful energy wherein the melting of the solid fuel does not occur in a solid fuel supply device, a combustion device is strongly resistant to high temperature and high heat, extends combustion residence time, conducts complete combustion and reduces the heat load in a combustion chamber, the environmental pollution caused by exhaust gas is greatly decreased, and only a small quantity of fuel is used for igniting the solid fuel at an initial operation, while having no secondary oil supply for raising the temperature in the combustion chamber and burning the solid fuel, such that the high temperature and high heat energy generated from the combustion chamber can be multi-functionally used in the era of high oil prices. Technical Solution

[28] To achieve the above objects, there is provided multi-functional combustion equipment for burning solid fuel of recycling resources includes: a solid fuel supply device for supplying solid fuel having high calorie; a combustion chamber body for burning the solid fuel supplied therein, and a combustion ash discharge device for discharging the ashes of the solid fuel after the combustion to the outside, the combustion chamber body having a hourglass-shaped combustion chamber formed at the inside thereof so as to burn unburnt pyrolysis combustible gas lifting to the upper side thereof in a strong tornado combustion technique, a cylindrical stairs-integrated type pyrolysis combustion device provided at the lower end of the inside of the combustion chamber and having a plurality of half triangular combustion nozzles spaced apart from each other along the upper end of each stair thereof and an ignition burner mounted at the lower end of the combustion chamber, a decatalytic oxidation combustion device extended vertically from the top end portion of the center of the combustion chamber to the middle portion thereof and having a screw type impeller having a four-angled wing formed around the outer periphery thereof, the impeller having a nozzle hole exposed at the distal end thereof, a cyclone type exhaust gas discharge outlet formed on one side of the upper periphery of the combustion chamber, and an ash outlet formed on one side of the lower periphery of the combustion chamber. [29] In most of conventional solid fuel of the recycling resources, a large quantity of thermoplastic and thermosetting materials are contained during the combustion, and so as to burn them, thus, there is a need for the preparation of special pyrolysis combustion device and combustion chamber.

[30] If they are not provided, however, incomplete combustion is caused to generate a large quantity of pollutants and even dioxin, thereby losing the value as the solid fuel having high calorie in the recycling resources.

[31] The present inventors have made various studies to solve the above problems and as a result, they have proposed multi-functional combustion equipment that utilizes solid fuel having a high calorie value of the recycling resources as a useful energy, wherein the melting of the solid fuel does not occur in a solid fuel supply device, a combustion device is strongly resistant to high temperature and high heat, completely burns the combustible gas produced in solid-phase, liquid-phase and gasification pyrolysis processes, and reduces the heat load in a combustion chamber, the environmental pollution caused by exhaust gas is greatly decreased, and only a small quantity of fuel is used for igniting the solid fuel at an initial operation, while having no secondary oil supply for raising the temperature in the combustion chamber and burning the solid fuel, such that the high temperature and high heat energy generated from the combustion chamber can be multi-functionally used.

[32] In order to utilize the solid fuel having a high calorie value of the recycling resources as a useful energy, first, the present inventors have developed that a solid fuel supply device supplying the solid fuel to the combustion chamber is exposed to the outside, thereby preventing the solid fuel from being melted in the solid fuel supply device by means of the high heat generated therein.

[33] In order to excellently pyrolyze the solid fuel having the thermoplastic and thermosetting properties, further, the cylindrical stairs-integrated type pyrolysis combustion device made of heat-resistant cast steels resistant to high temperature and high heat is mounted on the inside lower end of the combustion chamber, wherein the solid fuel flows from the top end stair thereof toward the bottom end stair thereof via solid-phase, liquid-phase and gasification processes by the high heat formed on the stair surface thereof, and the plurality of half triangular combustion nozzles spaced apart from each other along the upper end of each stair thereof are made of heat- resistant cast steels resistant to high temperature and high heat like the cylindrical stairs-integrated type pyrolysis combustion device.

[34] Moreover, the combustion chamber is hourglass- shaped so as to burn the incompletely burnt flame lifting vertically to high temperature and high heat in two- stages by means of a tornado combustion technique using a pressure difference between the incompletely burnt high temperature gas produced from the pyrolysis combustion device at the lower end thereof when the solid fuel is pyrolyzed and the cold air supplied from the top portion thereof, and a plurality of high pressure combustion air boxes are mounted along the inner periphery of the combustion chamber body so as to supply high pressure combustion air to extend combustion residence time, thereby enabling the tornado combustion to be conducted, wherein the high pressure combustion air nozzles are disposed orthogonal to each other at the upper and lower portions of the combustion chamber in such a manner as to be placed in a tangential direction of a diagonal line of 75 ⁰C.

[35] In order to advantageously utilize the high temperature and high heat energy using the solid fuel having a high calorie value of the recycling resources and so as to greatly reduce the environmental pollution caused by exhaust gas, the decatalytic oxidation combustion device is extended vertically from the top end portion of the center of the combustion chamber to the middle portion thereof, having the screw type impeller having a four-angled wing formed around the outer periphery thereof and a nozzle hole exposed at the distal end of the impeller, wherein the decatalytic oxidation combustion device is made of a cast alloy of heat-resisting steel and vanadium so as to be resistant to a high temperature.

[36] A large quantity of cold air and a great small quantity of ammonia are simultaneously fed to the interior of the decatalytic oxidation combustion device, such that the nitrogen oxides (NOx) of organic matters produced at a high temperature become cool and degraded by means of the cold air, and the sulfur oxides (SOx) of inorganic matters are attached as a film to the surface of the decatalytic oxidation combustion device by means of the temperature difference between the cold air supplied to the interior of the decatalytic oxidation combustion device and the high temperature steam generated in the combustion chamber, separated by its own weight therefrom as it is formed as an oxidation shear layer by the temperature difference according to the thickness of the inorganic matters and the attaching time, and freely drop to the combustion ash discharge opening as the unburnt gas is completely burnt through the decatalytic oxidation combustion device and at the same time the incombustible wandering particles of the rapidly oxidized inorganic matters strike the inner periphery of the combustion chamber by means of the inertia force of the tornado flame and flow along the inner periphery thereof, whereby only clean exhaust gas is discharged through the exhaust gas discharge outlet of the combustion chamber, thereby greatly reducing the environmental pollution.

[37] Further, the exhaust gas discharge outlet has a cyclone type such that it is rotated at a high speed in one direction to rapidly discharge the exhaust gas, without any resistance, and the load at the inside of the combustion chamber is reduced, thereby enabling the fire-resistant material of the inner periphery of the combustion chamber to be used for a substantially long period of time, enabling the loss of the high temperature and high heat emitted to the outside to be suppressed, and enabling the high temperature and high heat energy generated from the combustion chamber to be utilized as a multipurpose energy in the era of high oil prices.

[38] Now, an explanation on the multifunctional combustion equipment for burning solid fuel of recycling resources according to the present invention will be in more detail given.

[39] The multi-functional combustion equipment for burning solid fuel of recycling resources according to the present invention includes a solid fuel supply device 100 for supplying solid fuel having high calorie, a combustion chamber body 200 for burning the solid fuel supplied therein, and a combustion ash discharge device 500 for discharging the ashes of the solid fuel after the combustion to the outside.

[40] First, the solid fuel supply device 100 is composed of a solid fuel storage hopper 10, a bucket elevator 11, a screw-type horizontal feeder 13 and vertical feeder 14 for conveying an amount of supply of solid fuel by means of the control of the variable speed of a geared motor 28 according to the combustion speed and temperature of the solid fuel, and a solid fuel feed opening 12.

[41] In the solid fuel supply device 10, that is, the solid fuel conveyed from the outside is continuously stored from the bucket elevator 11 to the interior of the solid fuel storage hopper 10, and if the screw-type horizontal feeder 13 is activated, an amount of supply of solid fuel that is determined by means of the control of the variable speed of the geared motor 28 according to the combustion speed and temperature of the solid fuel is conveyed to the vertical feeder 14 to continuously supply it to the solid fuel feed opening 12.

[42] The lower end of the solid fuel feed opening 12 is located at a distance between 75 cm and 95 cm from the uppermost end of the cylindrical stairs-integrated type pyrolysis combustion device 20, while having an angle between 35 degrees and 40 degrees thereto, such that the solid fuel conveyed from the vertical feeder 14 drops with minimum gravity to the upper portion of the cylindrical stairs-integrated type pyrolysis combustion device 20.

[43] The combustion chamber body 200 has a hourglass-shaped combustion chamber 30 provided at the inside thereof, the cylindrical stairs-integrated type pyrolysis combustion device 20 provided on the inner lower end of the combustion chamber, a plurality of half triangular combustion nozzles 23 spaced apart from each other at a given distance on the top end of each stair of the pyrolysis combustion device 20, an ignition burner 26 provided on one side of the lower periphery of the combustion chamber 30, a decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41 provided to a vertical cylindrical shape from the top end of the center of the combustion chamber to the middle portion thereof, a cyclone type exhaust gas discharge outlet 45 provided on one side of the upper periphery of the combustion chamber 30, and a combustion ash discharge opening 29 provided on one side of the lower periphery of the combustion chamber 30.

[44] At this time, the pyrolysis combustion device 20 is mounted on the inside lower periphery of the combustion chamber and is made of heat-resistant cast steels resistant to high temperature and high heat.

[45] The pyrolysis combustion device 20 has a cylindrical stairs-integrated type such that the entire body can be rotated.

[46] The solid fuel fed to the solid fuel feed opening 12 freely drops on the top end stair of the pyrolysis combustion device 20 and melts and flows in a screw direction from the top end stair toward the bottom end stair via solid-phase, liquid-phase and gasification processes by the high heat formed on the stair surface, thereby producing a large quantity of combustible pyrolysis gas.

[47] At this time, so as to burn the solid fuel of the recycling resources well, the combustion chamber and the exhaust gas discharge outlet 45 are raised to a temperature of 800 ⁰C at an initial process, and also, the rotating cylindrical stairs- integrated type pyrolysis combustion device 20 is evenly preheated around the peripheries thereof.

[48] Further, the ignition burner 26 is provided on one side of the lower periphery of the combustion chamber 30 so as to ignite the solid fuel having high calorie.

[49] The ignition burner 26 automatically stops if the solid fuel is ignited to a given temperature.

[50] The rotating cylindrical stairs-integrated type pyrolysis combustion device 20 has the plurality of half triangular combustion nozzles 23 spaced apart from each other by a given distance along the top end of each stair thereof so as to produce the pyrolysis gas therefrom, a plurality of V-shaped retainers 24 spaced apart from each other by a given distance along the outer periphery thereof so as to allow a small quantity of unburnt combustible materials to be completely burnt, and a plurality of combustion ash scrapers 25 provided on the underside of the lowermost stair thereof so as to rotate the ashes remaining after combustion and the fines dropped during the combustion to convey them to the combustion ash discharge opening 29.

[51] In addition, the combustion chamber body 200 has the hourglass-shaped combustion chamber 30 and a plurality of high pressure combustion air nozzles 31.

[52] The combustion chamber 30 is hourglass-shaped so as to burn the solid fuel having the high calorie by means of a tornado technique using a pressure difference between the incompletely burnt high temperature gas produced when the solid fuel is pyrolyzed and the cold air supplied from the top portion thereof. [53] The cold air supplied from the top end of the decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41 and the incompletely burnt compatible high temperature gas generated from the pyrolysis combustion device 20 on the lower end of the combustion chamber 30 are lifted as swirling flame to collide against each other in the middle region of the hourglass-shaped combustion chamber 30, and at this time, a very small quantity of steam is momentarily generated to form a fuel layer region where hydrogen and oxygen are dissociated from each other.

[54] As the combustion material is expanded in the fuel layer region, the plurality of high pressure combustion air boxes 32 are mounted along the inner periphery of the middle portion of the combustion chamber body 200 and adapted to store a large quantity of high pressure combustion air therein so as to facilitate the high temperature combustion in the combustion chamber 30 and to extend combustion residence time, and the plurality of high pressure combustion air nozzles 31 are mounted at each of the plurality of high pressure combustion air boxes 32 so as to supply combustion air in one direction in such a manner as to be placed in a tangential direction of a diagonal line of 75 to be orthogonal with respect to the upper and lower portions of the combustion chamber 30, thereby conducting tornado swirling combustion.

[55] In order to burn the unburnt exhaust gas in the combustion chamber 30 of the combustion chamber body 200 again or so as to neutralize the pollutants produced therefrom, moreover, the decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41 is provided having an ammonia feed opening 42 and a cold air feed opening 43 mounted thereon, and so as to rapidly discharge the high temperature and high heat clean gas produced after the complete combustion process, the cyclone type exhaust gas discharge outlet 45 is provided at the right side of the top periphery of the combustion chamber 30 in such a manner as to be rotated at a high speed in one direction.

[56] At this time, the decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41 is located to a vertical cylindrical shape from the top end portion of the center of the combustion chamber 30 to the middle portion thereof and has a screw type impeller having a four-angled wing formed around the outer periphery thereof.

[57] The impeller has a nozzle hole exposed at the distal end thereof.

[58] The decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41 is made of a cast alloy of heat- resisting steel and vanadium so as to be resistant to a high temperature.

[59] A great small quantity of ammonia and a large quantity of cold air are simultaneously fed through the ammonia feed opening 42 and the cold air feed opening 43 of the decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41, such that the nitrogen oxides (NOx) of organic matters produced at a high temperature become cool and degraded by means of the cold air, and the sulfur oxides (SOx) of inorganic matters are attached as a film to the surface of the decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41 by means of the temperature difference between the cold air supplied to the interior of the decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41 and the high temperature steam generated in the combustion chamber 30, and separated by its own weight therefrom as it is formed as an oxidation shear layer by the temperature difference according the thickness of the inorganic matters and the attaching time.

[60] On the other hand, the unburnt gas is completely burnt by means of the decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41, and at the same time, the rapidly oxidized incombustible wandering particles strike the inner periphery of the combustion chamber 30 by means of the inertia force of the tornado combustion flames and freely drop along the wall surface of the combustion chamber to the lowermost end thereof, while being swirled.

[61] The dropped fine particles are discharged together with the ashes remaining after the combustion by means of the combustion ash scrapers 25 mounted on the underside of the pyrolysis combustion device 20 to the combustion ash discharge opening 29, and only clean exhaust gas is discharged through the cyclone type exhaust gas discharge outlet 45 mounted at one side of the upper periphery of the combustion chamber.

[62] Also, the combustion equipment of this invention includes the combustion ash discharge device 500 for discharging the ashes produced after the combustion.

[63] The combustion ash discharge device 500 conveys the ashes discharged from the combustion ash discharge opening 29 formed at one side of the lower periphery of the combustion chamber body 200 by means of a combustion ash discharge conveyor 52 and stores the conveyed ashes in a combustion ash storage box 53.

[64] That is, the inorganic ashes after the production of the pyrolysis gas are rotated together with the fines on the bottom portion of the pyrolysis combustion device 20 rotating slowly, and they are discharged to the combustion ash discharge outlet by means of the combustion ash scrapers 25.

[65] The discharged ashes are continuously conveyed to the combustion ash discharge conveyor 52 mounted on the combustion ash discharge outlet, and the discharged ashes are finally stored in the combustion ash storage box 53.

[66] By using the multifunctional combustion equipment for burning the solid fuel of recycling resources according to the present invention, if the solid fuel having high calorie is completely burnt via the cylindrical stairs-integrated type pyrolysis combustion device 20, the hourglass-shaped combustion chamber 30 and the decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41, only the high temperature and high heat clean gas is continuously swirled in the tornado combustion flame shape in the combustion chamber, and so as to reduce the load at the inside of the combustion chamber, the exhaust gas is rapidly discharged through the cyclone type exhaust gas discharge outlet 45, such that the fire-resistant material of the inner periphery of the combustion chamber can be used for a substantially long period of time, the loss of the high temperature and high heat emitted to the outside can be suppressed, and the high temperature and high heat energy generated from the combustion chamber can be utilized as a multipurpose energy.

[67] The high temperature and high heat energy that has been discharged through the exhaust gas discharge outlet 45 is used for a steam boiler, a hot water boiler or heat transfer oil heat exchanger equipment mounted at the rear end of the exhaust gas discharge outlet 45, which can be usefully applied to the oil replacement equipment in the era of high oil prices.

[68] On the other hand, the combustion equipment of this invention is not a structure where the solid fuel in a general combustion furnace is forcedly burnt, but a structure where the production of pyrolysis gas is facilitated to greatly recover energy, and the arrangement and shape of a representative gas production response device are made by using a natural principle adopting a tornado combustion technique, which is different from the conventional forced combustion technique.

[69] The combustion equipment of this invention is more advantageous than the general burning systems in that while the solid fuel is not burnt forcedly, it produces the pyrolysis gas via the solid-phase, liquid-phase and gasification processes and thus the incompletely burnt flame vertically lifting by using the pressure difference between the low temperature air on the top portion of the combustion chamber thereof and the high temperature air on the bottom portion thereof is burnt having extended combustion residence time by using the tornado type natural technique.

[70] Next, the unburnt gas is burnt again at high temperature and high heat by means of the high pressure combustion air nozzles 31 in the combustion chamber 30, and the unburnt gas that has not been completely burnt in the combustion chamber 30 is completely burnt again by means of the decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41 mounted in a vertical cylinder shape from the top end of the center of the combustion chamber, thereby reducing the discharging of the pollutants.

[71] Other advantages of the multifunctional combustion equipment for burning solid fuel of recycling resources according to the present invention will be described.

[72] A quantity of combustion air supplied to the interior of the pyrolysis combustion device 20 mounted along the inner lower periphery of the combustion chamber 30 is minimized to induce incomplete combustion, such that during the incomplete combust ion, combustible gas is produced by a large amount and the pyrolysis combustion device 20 and the half triangular combustion nozzles 23 spaced apart from each other on each top stair of the pyrolysis combustion device 20 are not oxidized and melted at high temperature and high heat to maintain a long period of lifetime. [73] When the pressure difference between the large amount of incomplete high temperature combustion gas produced at the bottom end of the combustion chamber and the cold air supplied from the top end thereof is used, the incomplete combustion flames vertically lifting in the combustion chamber are swirled at a high speed according to the tornado combustion principle.

[74] By using the tornado combustion principle, the high temperature gas swirling in one direction collides against the cold air supplied from the decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41 in the combustion chamber, and at this time, a very small quantity of steam is momentarily generated to form the fuel layer region where hydrogen and oxygen are dissociated from each other.

[75] As the combustion material is expanded in the fuel layer region, the plurality of high pressure combustion air boxes 32 are mounted along the inner periphery of the middle portion of the combustion chamber body 200 and adapted to store a large quantity of high pressure combustion air therein so as to facilitate the high temperature combustion in the combustion chamber 30 and to extend combustion residence time, and the plurality of high pressure combustion air nozzles 31 are mounted at each of the plurality of high pressure combustion air boxes 32 so as to supply combustion air in one direction in such a manner as to be placed in a tangential direction of a diagonal line of 75 to be orthogonal with respect to the upper and lower portions of the combustion chamber 30, thereby conducting tornado swirling combustion.

[76] Thus, so as to facilitate the high temperature combustion by using the tornado technique, the combustion equipment according to the present invention includes the plurality of high pressure combustion air nozzles 31.

[77] A quantity of combustion air supplied to the interior of the pyrolysis combustion device 20 is possibly reduced, and even though the air ratio of the quantity of combustion air supplied from the decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41 mounted at the top portion of the combustion chamber is exceeded, it is not greatly influenced by the contents of CO in the gasification process, thereby advantageously maintaining the complete combustion and the high temperature.

[78] The clean exhaust gas after the combustion process is conveyed through the cyclone type exhaust gas discharge outlet 45 to the energy recovery equipment.

[79] The heat load by the high temperature and high heat is substantially increased in the combustion chamber 30, and if the heat load is not rapidly discharged, the fire-resistant insulating material is melted by the high temperature and high heat in the combustion chamber, or explosion occurs therein. In the combustion equipment according to the present invention, a safety explosion door 44 is mounted so as to prepare the gas explosion in the combustion chamber.

[80] In general combustion equipment, the exhaust gas discharge outlet of the combustion chamber is formed protrudedly in a round or square shape on the center of the top periphery of the combustion chamber, such that the flow of the exhaust gas is not rapid and still stays, thereby causing the lifetime of the fire-resistant material not to be extended longer and causing the explosion in the combustion chamber.

[81] Thus, the conventional general combustion equipment does not adopt any tornado combustion technique in the present invention where the cyclone type exhaust gas discharge outlet is rotated in one direction.

[82] According to the multifunctional combustion equipment of this invention, the high temperature and high heat clean gas is continuously swirled in the tornado combustion flame shape in the pyrolysis combustion chamber 21 and the combustion chamber 30, and so as to reduce the heat load at the inside of the combustion chamber 30, there is provided the cyclone type exhaust gas discharge outlet 45 adapted to induce the high speed rotation of the exhaust gas in one direction, thereby rapidly discharging the exhaust gas.

[83] Thus, the fire-resistant material of the inner periphery of the combustion chamber

30 can be used for a substantially long period of time, and the loss of the high temperature and high heat emitted to the outside can be suppressed. Advantageous Effects

[84] According to the present invention, there is provided multi-functional combustion equipment for burning solid fuel of recycling resources that can replace oil plants in the era of high oil prices.

[85] According to the present invention, a solid fuel supply device supplying the solid fuel to the combustion chamber is exposed to the outside, thereby preventing the solid fuel from being melted in the solid fuel supply device by means of the high heat generated therein; the cylindrical stairs-integrated type pyrolysis combustion device that is made of heat-resistant cast steels resistant to high temperature and high heat is mounted so as to excellently pyrolyze the solid fuel having the thermoplastic and thermosetting properties, wherein the solid fuel flows in a liquid shape from the top end stair thereof toward the bottom end stair thereof; and the plurality of half triangular combustion nozzles that are spaced apart from each other along each stair on the upper end of the pyrolysis combustion device are made of heat-resistant cast steels resistant to high temperature and high heat, thereby extending the combustion residence time and accomplishing the complete combustion by using the tornado combustion technique.

[86] Further, as the unburnt gas is completely burnt through the decatalytic oxidation combustion device and at the same time the incombustible wandering particles of the rapidly oxidized inorganic matters strike the inner periphery of the combustion chamber and flow along the inner periphery thereof to drop to the combustion ash discharge opening, whereby only clean exhaust gas is discharged through the exhaust gas discharge outlet.

[87] Additionally, the cyclone type exhaust gas discharge outlet is provided to rapidly discharge the exhaust gas, such that the fire-resistant material of the inner periphery of the combustion chamber can be used for a substantially long period of time, the loss of the high temperature and high heat emitted to the outside can be suppressed, and the high temperature and high heat energy generated from the combustion chamber can be utilized as a multipurpose energy. Brief Description of the Drawings

[88] FIG.1 is a schematic sectional view showing multi-functional combustion equipment for burning solid fuel according to the present invention.

[89] FIG.2 is a schematic plan view showing a hourglass-shaped two-stage combustion chamber and high pressure combustion air nozzles in the multi-functional combustion equipment according to the present invention.

[90] FIGS.3 A and 3B are partly enlarged views showing a cyclone type exhaust gas discharge outlet adapted to allow exhaust gas to gently flow, while having a tornado combustion process for the exhaust gas burnt, wherein FIG.3A shows a plan view of the exhaust gas discharge outlet and FIG.3B shows a front sectional state of the exhaust gas discharge outlet.

[91] FIGS.4 A and 4B are schematic views showing a cylindrical stairs -integrated type pyrolysis combustion device and a plurality of half triangular combustion nozzles adapted to sequentially facilitate the production of the pyrolysis gas of the solid fuel, wherein FIG.4A shows a plan view thereof and FIG.4B shows a front sectional view thereof. Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[92] Now, an explanation on the multifunctional combustion equipment for burning solid fuel of recycling resources will be given in detail with reference to the attached drawings, which is not limited to the scope of this invention.

[93] The multifunctional combustion equipment for burning solid fuel of recycling resources according to the present invention includes a solid fuel supply device 100 for supplying solid fuel having high calorie, a combustion chamber body 200 for burning the solid fuel supplied therein, and a combustion ash discharge device 500 for discharging the ashes of the solid fuel after the combustion to the outside.

[94] The solid fuel supply device 100 is composed of a solid fuel storage hopper 10, a bucket elevator 11, a screw-type horizontal feeder 13 and vertical feeder 14 adapted to allow a solid fuel feed speed to be varied by means of a geared motor 28, and a solid fuel feed opening 12.

[95] The solid fuel storage hopper 10 is provided to gently supply the solid fuel of the recycling resources to the interior of the combustion chamber, by a given quantity, and the bucket elevator 11 is provided to convey the solid fuel mechanically, not by the power of an operator.

[96] In order to smoothly convey the solid fuel having standard sizes and to variably control the combustion speed of the solid fuel stored in the solid fuel storage hopper 10, the screw horizontal feeder 13 is provided having a round screw having an inside diameter of 120 mm, and so as to convey the solid fuel to the solid fuel feed opening 12, the screw vertical feeder 14 is provided such that the solid fuel is supplied to the interior of the combustion chamber.

[97] At this time, the lower end of the solid fuel feed opening 12 is located at a distance of 87.4 cm from the uppermost end of the cylindrical stairs -integrated type pyrolysis combustion device 20, while having an angle of 40 degrees thereto.

[98] The solid fuel fed to the solid fuel feed opening 12 freely drops on the top end stair of the pyrolysis combustion device 20 and flows from the top end stair toward the bottom end stair via solid-phase, liquid-phase and gasification processes by the high heat formed on the stair surface, thereby producing combustible pyrolysis gas.

[99] The gas produced by means of a plurality of half triangular combustion nozzles 23 lifts upwardly to continuously conduct the tornado swirling combustion.

[100] The combustion chamber body 200 has the cylindrical stairs-integrated type pyrolysis combustion device 20 provided along the inner lower periphery of the combustion chamber, the plurality of half triangular combustion nozzles 23 spaced apart from each other by a given distance along the top end of each stair of the pyrolysis combustion device 20, an ignition burner 26 provided on one side of the lower periphery of the combustion chamber so as to ignite the solid fuel at an initial step, and the hourglass-shaped combustion chamber 30 provided at the inside thereof so as to burn combustible gas after incomplete combustion produced and lifted from the pyrolysis combustion device 20 by means of the tornado combustion technique.

[101] Further, a decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41 is provided to a vertical cylindrical shape from the top end of the center of the combustion chamber to the middle portion thereof, a cyclone type exhaust gas discharge outlet 45 is provided on one side of the upper periphery of the combustion chamber, and a combustion ash discharge opening 29 is provided on one side of the lower periphery of the combustion chamber.

[102] At this time, the pyrolysis combustion device 20 is mounted along the inside lower periphery of the combustion chamber and is made of heat-resistant cast steels resistant to high temperature and high heat. [103] The pyrolysis combustion device 20 has a cylindrical stairs-integrated type such that the entire body can be rotated.

[104] The solid fuel fed to the solid fuel feed opening 12 freely drops on the top end stair of the pyrolysis combustion device 20 and flows in a screw direction from the top end stair toward the bottom end stair via solid-phase, liquid-phase and gasification processes by the high heat formed on the stair surface, thereby producing a large quantity of combustible pyrolysis gas.

[105] In order to excellently burn the solid fuel, the ignition burner 26 is provided on one side of the lower periphery of the combustion chamber 30 such that the combustion chamber 30 and the exhaust gas discharge outlet 45 are preheated to a temperature of 800 ⁰C at the initial step.

[106] The cylindrical stairs-integrated type pyrolysis combustion device 20 has the plurality of half triangular combustion nozzles 23 spaced apart from each other by a given distance along the top end of each stair of the pyrolysis combustion device so as to produce the pyrolysis gas therefrom, a plurality of V-shaped retainers 24 spaced apart from each other by a given distance along the outer periphery thereof so as to allow a small quantity of remaining unburnt combustible materials to be completely burnt, and a plurality of ash scrapers 25 provided on the underside of the lowermost stair thereof so as to rotate the ashes remaining after combustion and to convey them to the combustion ash discharge opening 29.

[107] In addition, the combustion chamber body 200 has the hourglass-shaped combustion chamber 30 and a plurality of high pressure combustion air nozzles 31.

[108] The combustion chamber 30 is hourglass-shaped so as to burn the solid fuel having the high calorie in the tornado technique using a pressure difference between the incompletely burnt high temperature gas produced when the solid fuel is pyrolyzed and the cold air supplied from the top portion thereof.

[109] The cold air supplied from the top end of the decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41 and the incompletely burnt combustible high temperature gas generated from the pyrolysis combustion device 20 are lifted as swirling flame to collide against each other in the middle region of the hourglass-shaped combustion chamber 30, and at this time, a very small quantity of steam is momentarily generated to form a fuel layer region where hydrogen and oxygen are dissociated from each other.

[110] As the combustion material is expanded in the fuel layer region, a plurality of high pressure combustion air boxes 32 are mounted along the inner periphery of the middle portion of the combustion chamber body 200 and adapted to store a large quantity of high pressure combustion air therein so as to facilitate the high temperature combustion in the combustion chamber 30 and to extend combustion residence time, and the plurality of high pressure combustion air nozzles 31 are mounted at each of the plurality of high pressure combustion air boxes 32 so as to supply combustion air in one direction in such a manner as to be placed in a tangential direction of a diagonal line of 75 to be orthogonal with respect to the upper and lower portions of the combustion chamber 30, thereby conducting tornado swirling combustion.

[I l l] In order to burn the lifting unburnt exhaust gas in the combustion chamber 30 of the combustion chamber body 200 again or so as to neutralize the pollutants produced therefrom, moreover, the decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41 is provided having an ammonia feed opening 42 and a cold air feed opening 43 mounted thereon.

[112] At this time, the decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41 has a vertical cylindrical shape extended from the top end portion of the center of the combustion chamber 30 to the middle portion thereof and has a screw type impeller having a four- angled wing formed around the outer periphery thereof.

[113] The impeller has a nozzle hole exposed at the distal end thereof.

[114] The decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41 is made of a cast alloy of heat- resisting steel and vanadium so as to be resistant to a high temperature.

[115] A great small quantity of ammonia and a large quantity of cold air are simultaneously fed through the ammonia feed opening 42 and the cold air feed opening 43 of the decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41, such that the nitrogen oxides (NOx) of organic matters produced at a high temperature become cool and degraded by means of the ammonia and the cold air, and the sulfur oxides (SOx) of inorganic matters are attached as a film to the surface of the decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41 by means of the temperature difference between the cold air supplied to the interior of the decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41 and the high temperature steam generated in the combustion chamber 30, separated by its own weight therefrom as it is formed as an oxidation shear layer by the temperature difference according to the thickness of the inorganic matters and the attaching time, and discharged to the combustion ash discharge opening 29, whereby as the concentration of NOx and SOx discharged to the air is near Oppm, only clean exhaust gas is discharged to the air.

[116] In order to rapidly discharge the high temperature and high heat clean gas produced after the complete combustion process, the cyclone type exhaust gas discharge outlet 45 is provided at the right side of the top periphery of the combustion chamber 30 in such a manner as to be rotated at a high speed in one direction.

[117] As the pyrolysis combustion device 20 is rotated, the inorganic matter ashes and fines remaining after the production of the pyrolysis gas are collected and moved by the ash scrapers 25 and discharged through the combustion ash discharge opening 29.

[118] Then, the discharged ashes are continuously conveyed on a combustion ash discharge conveyor 52 and stored in a combustion ash storage box 53, thereby finishing the configuration of the multifunctional combustion equipment for burning the solid fuel of recycling resources according to the present invention. Industrial Applicability According to the present invention, since the high temperature and high heat exhaust gas generated through the multifunctional combustion equipment can be combined and applied to a steam boiler, a hot water boiler and a heat medium boiler in energy recovery equipment, the multifunctional combustion equipment is multi- functionally used to supply heat to sludge dry equipment, glass and vinyl houses at farms, oil-replacement equipment in various industrial fields, power plant equipment for power production and the like.

Claims

[1] Multi-functional combustion equipment for burning solid fuel of recycling resources comprising: a solid fuel supply device 100 for supplying solid fuel; a combustion chamber body 200 for burning the solid fuel supplied therein; and a combustion ash discharge device 500 for discharging the ashes of the solid fuel after the combustion to the outside, wherein the combustion chamber body 200 has a plurality of high pressure combustion air nozzles 31 mounted in the middle portion of the inner periphery thereof and a hourglass-shaped combustion chamber 30 formed at the inside thereof, the combustion chamber 30 having a cylindrical stairs-integrated type pyrolysis combustion device 20 provided along the inner lower periphery thereof, a plurality of half triangular combustion nozzles 23 spaced apart from each other along the upper end of each stair of the pyrolysis combustion device 20, an ignition burner 26 mounted at one side of the lower periphery thereof, a decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41 extended vertically from the top end portion of the center of the combustion chamber to the middle portion thereof, a cyclone type exhaust gas discharge outlet 45 formed on one side of the upper periphery thereof, and a combustion ash discharge opening 29 formed on one side of the lower periphery thereof.

[2] The multi-functional combustion equipment according to claim 1, wherein the solid fuel supply device 100 comprises a bucket elevator 11 for conveying the solid fuel, a solid fuel storage hopper 10 for storing the solid fuel conveyed through the bucket elevator 11, a horizontal feeder 13 for variably controlling an amount of solid fuel feeding according to the heating value, shape and size of the solid fuel conveyed to the solid fuel storage hopper 10, a vertical feeder 14 for conveying the solid fuel conveyed from the horizontal feeder 13 from the bottom end thereof to the top end thereof so as to freely drop the solid fuel by gravity to an entrance of the combustion chamber 30, and a solid fuel feed opening 12 for feeding the solid fuel conveyed from the vertical feeder 14 to the interior of the combustion chamber 30.

[3] The multi-functional combustion equipment according to claim 2, wherein the lower end of the solid fuel feed opening 12 is located at a distance between 75 cm and 95 cm from the uppermost end of the cylindrical stairs-integrated type pyrolysis combustion device 20, while having an angle between 35 degrees and 40 degrees thereto, such that the solid fuel conveyed from the vertical feeder 14 drops with minimum gravity to the upper portion of the cylindrical stairs- integrated type pyrolysis combustion device 20.

[4] The multi-functional combustion equipment according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical stairs-integrated type pyrolysis combustion device 20 is provided along the inner lower periphery of the combustion chamber and is made of is made of heat-resistant cast steels resistant to high temperature and high heat such that the entire body is rotated, the pyrolysis combustion device 20 having the plurality of half triangular combustion nozzles 23 spaced apart from each other by a given distance along the top end of each stair thereof so as to produce the pyrolysis gas therefrom, a plurality of V-shaped retainers 24 spaced apart from each other by a given distance along the outer periphery thereof so as to allow a small quantity of unburnt combustible materials to be completely burnt, and a plurality of combustion ash scrapers 25 provided on the underside of the lowermost stair thereof so as to rotate the ashes remaining after combustion to convey them to the combustion ash discharge opening 29.

[5] The multi-functional combustion equipment according to claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber 30 is hourglass-shaped to have upper and lower stages and a connection portion having a relatively small width connected between the upper and lower stages, such that vertically lifting incompletely burnt flame generated by means of a tornado combustion technique using a pressure difference between the incompletely burnt high temperature gas produced from the pyrolysis combustion device 20 at the lower end thereof when the solid fuel is pyrolyzed and the cold air supplied from the decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41 formed on the upper portion of the combustion chamber 30 is burnt to high temperature and high heat in two stages.

[6] The multi-functional combustion equipment according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of high pressure combustion air boxes 32 are mounted along the inner periphery of the middle portion of the combustion chamber body 200 and adapted to store a large quantity of high pressure combustion air therein so as to facilitate the high temperature combustion in the combustion chamber 30 and to extend combustion residence time, and the plurality of high pressure combustion air nozzles 31 are mounted at each of the plurality of high pressure combustion air boxes 32 so as to supply combustion air in one direction in such a manner as to be placed in a tangential direction of a diagonal line of 75 to be orthogonal with respect to the upper and lower portions of the combustion chamber 30, thereby conducting tornado swirling combustion.

[7] The multi-functional combustion equipment according to claim 1, wherein the decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41 has a vertical cylindrical shape extended from the top end portion of the center of the combustion chamber 30 to the middle portion thereof, having a screw type impeller having a four- angled wing formed around the outer periphery thereof and a nozzle hole exposed at the distal end of the impeller, the decatalytic oxidation combustion device being made of a cast alloy of heat-resisting steel and vanadium so as to be resistant to a high temperature, and wherein ammonia and cold air are simultaneously fed through an ammonia feed opening 42 and the cold air feed opening 43 mounted on the top end of the decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41, such that the nitrogen oxides (NOx) of organic matters produced at a high temperature become cool and degraded by means of the cold air, and the sulfur oxides (SOx) of inorganic matters are attached as a film to the surface of the decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41 by means of the temperature difference between the cold air supplied to the interior of the decatalytic oxidation combustion device 41 and the high temperature steam generated in the combustion chamber 30, separated by its own weight therefrom as it is formed as an oxidation shear layer by the temperature difference according to the thickness of the inorganic matters and the attaching time, and discharged to the combustion ash discharge opening 29, whereby clean gas is discharged to the air.

[8] The multi-functional combustion equipment according to claim 1, wherein the cyclone type exhaust gas discharge outlet 45 is formed at one side of the top periphery of the combustion chamber in such a manner as to be rotated at a high speed in one direction to induce the flow of exhaust gas without any resistance, thereby enabling the exhaust gas to be rapidly discharged.