WO2009013314A1 - Method for intercepting radioelectric signals and instantaneous broadband compact receiver - Google Patents

Method for intercepting radioelectric signals and instantaneous broadband compact receiver Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009013314A1
WO2009013314A1 PCT/EP2008/059661 EP2008059661W WO2009013314A1 WO 2009013314 A1 WO2009013314 A1 WO 2009013314A1 EP 2008059661 W EP2008059661 W EP 2008059661W WO 2009013314 A1 WO2009013314 A1 WO 2009013314A1
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Prior art keywords
signal
processing means
signals
channel
digitized
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PCT/EP2008/059661
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French (fr)
Inventor
Joël FILLATRE
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Thales
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Publication of WO2009013314A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009013314A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/021—Auxiliary means for detecting or identifying radar signals or the like, e.g. radar jamming signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
    • G01S7/285—Receivers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for intercepting radio signals with a compact digital instantaneous broadband receiver.
  • the invention applies to digital receivers for interception of radar signals, either for self-protection purposes or for tactical situation-keeping purposes.
  • the receivers on board a carrier such as an aircraft for example, must in particular allow interception, characterization and identification of radar signals of all types. These various functions are used for example to trigger an alert to protect the carrier of the receiver: then in such a case is called self-protection receiver. These functions can still be implemented to establish a tactical situation to control the environment of the carrier: it is in this case a tactical situation holding receiver.
  • the installation and implementation of these receivers is a compromise between the interception efficiency and the constraints of volume, mass, energy consumption and cost of the device.
  • FIG. 1 represents a block diagram of an instantaneous broadband receiver according to the state of the art.
  • the receiver comprises n channels, each channel comprising an antenna 1 and an envelope detection functional block 2 of the pulses received on each antenna 1.
  • an amplified RF analog radio frequency signal corresponding to the radiofrequency signal intercepted by the antenna 1 is output.
  • a video signal corresponding to the envelope detected by the envelope detection functional block 2 is output, the envelope being extracted from the radio frequency signal intercepted by the antenna 1.
  • the receiver further comprises a centralized functional block
  • the frequency measurement functional block 4 receives as input either the sum of the signals RF amplified RF radio frequencies, possibly delayed by broadband delay lines 5, or a selection of one of these signals.
  • pulse descriptors are sent on a data bus.
  • the frequency measurement functional block 4 in the receiver is pooled for all the channels in the centralized functional block 3. This choice is dictated by the great complexity and the high cost of the functional block of frequency measurement 4.
  • the sharing of the frequency measurement functional block 4 does not allow the simultaneous measurement of signals coming from different channels.
  • the sharing of this resource induces degradation on the performance of the receiver, such as a loss of sensitivity if the sharing is done by summation.
  • the distribution of microwave links also adds a factor of loss of sensitivity and increase of mass and ultimately of cost.
  • the frequency measurement functional block 4 receives as input a selection of one of the amplified RF analog radio frequency signals, a level measurement must be carried out in advance in order to switch the switch on the right track. .
  • This problem can be solved either by limiting the minimum duration of the measured pulses, or by delaying the amplified RF analog radio frequency signal at the input of the frequency measurement functional block 4 requiring the introduction of broadband delay lines 5, thus to the detriment performs.
  • the subject of the invention is an instantaneous broadband receiver, for example greater than 10 GHz, comprising a number n of radio signal interception channels and a central processing means.
  • Each channel comprises digital means adapted to the extraction of the information included in the intercepted signals and / or in their envelopes.
  • Each channel includes a data link conveying the generated information to the central processing means.
  • the central processing means is adapted to the generation of a pulse bus characterizing the impulses intercepted by the channels.
  • each channel comprises an antenna adapted to interception of radio signals, the intercepted signals being directed towards: • an amplifier and then a digitization means delivering a digitized signal, and;
  • Each channel comprises a local processing means receiving the digitized RF signal and the digitized signal of its envelope.
  • the local processing means delivers on the data link information included in the digitized signal and the digitized envelope signal.
  • the local processing means from the digital data from the scanners extracts the parameters of the following received signals:
  • the local processing means is for example made within the same programmable logic component, integrating the elements necessary for the extraction of information.
  • the simultaneous collection of the information from the two scanners by this unique component thus makes it more robust to extract the parameters of the received signal through a reciprocal exchange of information.
  • Figure 1 a block diagram, an instant wideband receiver according to the state of the art
  • FIG. 2 by a block diagram, an instantaneous broadband receiver according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 by a block diagram, a method according to the invention for intercepting radio signals.
  • FIG. 2 represents, by a block diagram, an instantaneous broadband receiver according to the invention. Elements identical to the elements already presented in the other figures bear the same references.
  • the device according to the invention comprises a number n of radio signal interception channels, and in particular interception of radio signals from radar transmitters comprising pulses.
  • Each channel implements in particular digital means adapted to the extraction of the information included in the intercepted signals and / or in their envelopes. Among the information, one can for example quote the level of a pulse, its arrival time, its duration, the frequency of the carrier, the type and the parameters of modulation.
  • Each route conveys the information thus generated to a central means of processing.
  • the central processing means is adapted to the generation of a pulse bus characterizing the impulses intercepted by the channels.
  • the device according to the invention comprises a number n of channels comprises an antenna 1 adapted to the interception of radio signals.
  • the intercepted signals are then amplified by an amplifier 12 so as to saturate the radiofrequency signal corresponding to the carrier of the pulse emitted by the radar.
  • the latter signal is routed to a digitization means 10 delivering a digitized signal.
  • a known technique for digitizing such a signal is described in particular in French Patent Document No. 06 01 205.
  • the digitized signal is processed by a local processing means 1 1 adapted to the extraction of the information included in this signal, in particular, its frequency and possibly its intra-pulse modulation parameters.
  • each channel comprises one or several diodes 13 adapted to the envelope detection of the signal received on the antenna 1.
  • the video signals from these diodes 13 are then digitized by a scanning means 10 delivering a digitized envelope signal.
  • a known technique for digitizing such a signal is described in particular in French Patent Document No. 05 12 521.
  • the digitized envelope signal is processed by the local processing means 11 in order to extract in particular the information included in FIG. the envelope, in particular, the amplitude and its possible modulation, the instant of arrival of the pulse, and its duration.
  • the methods for extracting these parameters are known to those skilled in the art and are described in particular in French patents Nos. 05 12 521 and 06 01 205.
  • the information produced is outputted on a link. fast digital 14 to a central processing means 7 common to all channels.
  • the fast digital link 14 may be supported for example by electrical or optical lines.
  • the local processing means 11 can access the information (included in the digitized radiofrequency signal and in the envelope) from the different digitization means 10 included in the same channel. This is made possible by the localization within each channel of the local processing means 1 1. These mutual accesses to locally calculated information make it possible to improve the extraction of the parameters by means of complementary processing, such as for example assistance with lifting. ambiguity of frequency measurement using the level measurement or the indication of presence of simultaneous signals that can alter the level measurement.
  • the local processing means 11 may in particular receive instructions issued by the central processing means 7 via the fast digital link 14. These instructions allow in particular to improve the behavior of the reception channels.
  • a setpoint can be a prohibition order of interception of a signal having particular characteristics, such as for example a signal that can hinder the interception of other signals.
  • the local processing means 11 may in particular be implemented within the same programmable logic component, integrating the elements necessary for the implementation of the parameter extraction methods. This embodiment makes it possible in particular to reduce the size of the device and to make the best use of the complementarity of the measurements.
  • An instant broadband receiver may comprise a number n of channels, depending on the needs and configuration of the carrier, and the central processing means 7.
  • the central processing means 7 receives via the fast digital links 14 the information from each way.
  • the central processing means 7 can be composed of one or more data processors. It collects all the information transmitted by the channels. From this information, composed of the received signal parameters, it generates a pulse bus. This pulse bus characterizes each pulse received by the antennas 1.
  • the pulse bus may comprise a measurement of the arrival direction of the signals by using an amplitude direction finding method implemented by the central processing means 7.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates by a block diagram a method for intercepting radio signals.
  • the method may in particular be implemented by the device according to the invention described in FIG. 2.
  • the method according to the invention comprises a first step 100 for intercepting radio signals, in particular radio signals emitted by radars and comprising pulses.
  • the intercepted signals are then amplified in a step 101 so as to saturate the radiofrequency signal corresponding to the carrier of the pulse transmitted by the radar, and then digitized in a step 103.
  • a digitized signal is obtained.
  • the envelope of the intercepted signal is calculated in a step 102, then digitized in the step 104.
  • a digitized envelope signal is obtained.
  • the information included in the amplified and digitized signal from step 103 and in the digitized envelope signal from step 104 are extracted.
  • the information included in the envelope is, in particular, the amplitude and its possible modulation, the time of arrival of the pulse, and its duration.
  • the information included in the digitized amplified signal is, in particular, its frequency and possibly its intra-pulse modulation parameters.
  • Steps 100, 101, 102, 103, 104 and 105 are common for a receive channel. Also, in parallel, all of these steps can be repeated for a given number of lanes.
  • step 106 is collected for each channel all the information produced at the end of step 105. From this information, composed of the received signal parameters, a pulse bus is generated. This pulse bus characterizes each pulse received.
  • the pulse bus may comprise a direction of arrival of the signals using an amplitude direction finding method implemented during step 106.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an instantaneous broadband compact digital receiver that comprises a number n of radioelectric signal interception paths and a central processing means. Each path includes digital means (10, 11) adapted for extracting information included in the intercepted signals or the envelopes thereof. Each path includes a data link (14) conveying information generated toward the central processing means (7). The central processing means is adapted for a pulse bus characterising the pulses intercepted by the paths. The invention also relates to a method for intercepting radioelectric signals. The invention is particularly intended for digital receivers for intercepting radar signals either for self-protection purposes or for tactical situation maintenance purposes.

Description

PROCEDE D'INTERCEPTION DE SIGNAUX RADIOELECTRIQUES ET RECEPTEUR COMPACT LARGE BANDE INSTANTANEE METHOD OF INTERCEPTING RADIO SIGNALS AND INSTANT BROADBAND COMPACT RECEIVER
L'invention concerne un procédé d'interception de signaux radioélectrique avec un récepteur numérique compact large bande instantanée. En particulier, l'invention s'applique aux récepteurs numériques pour l'interception de signaux radars, soit à des fins d'autoprotection, soit à des fins de tenue de situation tactique.The invention relates to a method for intercepting radio signals with a compact digital instantaneous broadband receiver. In particular, the invention applies to digital receivers for interception of radar signals, either for self-protection purposes or for tactical situation-keeping purposes.
Les récepteurs, embarqués sur un porteur comme un aéronef par exemple, doivent notamment permettre une interception, une caractérisation et une identification de signaux radar de tous types. Ces différentes fonctions sont utilisées par exemple pour déclencher une alerte visant à protéger le porteur du récepteur : on parle alors dans un tel cas de récepteur d'autoprotection. Ces fonctions peuvent encore être mises en œuvre afin d'établir une situation tactique permettant de contrôler l'environnement du porteur : il s'agit dans ce cas d'un récepteur de tenue de situation tactique. L'installation et la mise en œuvre de ces récepteurs est un compromis entre l'efficacité d'interception et les contraintes de volume, de masse, de consommation énergétique et de coût du dispositif.The receivers, on board a carrier such as an aircraft for example, must in particular allow interception, characterization and identification of radar signals of all types. These various functions are used for example to trigger an alert to protect the carrier of the receiver: then in such a case is called self-protection receiver. These functions can still be implemented to establish a tactical situation to control the environment of the carrier: it is in this case a tactical situation holding receiver. The installation and implementation of these receivers is a compromise between the interception efficiency and the constraints of volume, mass, energy consumption and cost of the device.
La figure 1 représente par un schéma bloc un récepteur large bande instantanée selon l'état de l'art. Le récepteur comporte n voies, chaque voie comportant une antenne 1 et un bloc fonctionnel de détection d'enveloppe 2 des impulsions reçues sur chaque antenne 1. Pour chaque voie, un signal radiofréquence analogique RF amplifié, correspondant au signal radiofréquence intercepté par l'antenne 1 , est délivré en sortie. De même, pour chaque voie, est délivré en sortie un signal VIDEO correspondant à l'enveloppe détectée par le bloc fonctionnel de détection d'enveloppe 2, l'enveloppe étant extraite du signal radiofréquence intercepté par l'antenne 1. Le récepteur comporte encore un bloc fonctionnel centraliséFIG. 1 represents a block diagram of an instantaneous broadband receiver according to the state of the art. The receiver comprises n channels, each channel comprising an antenna 1 and an envelope detection functional block 2 of the pulses received on each antenna 1. For each channel, an amplified RF analog radio frequency signal, corresponding to the radiofrequency signal intercepted by the antenna 1, is output. Similarly, for each channel, a video signal corresponding to the envelope detected by the envelope detection functional block 2 is output, the envelope being extracted from the radio frequency signal intercepted by the antenna 1. The receiver further comprises a centralized functional block
3 regroupant notamment un bloc fonctionnel de mesure de fréquence 4, des moyens de numérisation 6 des signaux VIDEO et des moyens de traitements centraux 7, comme par exemple un processeur de données, adapté à l'extraction des paramètres des signaux interceptés. Le bloc fonctionnel de mesure de fréquence 4 reçoit en entrée soit la somme des signaux radiofréquences analogiques RF amplifiés, éventuellement différé par des lignes à retard large bande 5, soit une sélection de l'un de ces signaux. En sortie du bloc fonctionnel centralisé 3, des descripteurs d'impulsions sont envoyés sur un bus de données.3 comprising in particular a frequency measurement functional block 4, digitizing means 6 of the VIDEO signals and central processing means 7, such as for example a data processor, adapted to the extraction of the parameters of the intercepted signals. The frequency measurement functional block 4 receives as input either the sum of the signals RF amplified RF radio frequencies, possibly delayed by broadband delay lines 5, or a selection of one of these signals. At the output of the centralized function block 3, pulse descriptors are sent on a data bus.
Le bloc fonctionnel de mesure de fréquence 4 dans le récepteur selon l'état de l'art est mutualisé pour l'ensemble des voies dans le bloc fonctionnel centralisé 3. Ce choix est dicté par la grande complexité et le coût élevé du bloc fonctionnel de mesure de fréquence 4. Or, le partage du bloc fonctionnel de mesure de fréquence 4 ne permet pas la mesure simultanée de signaux provenant de voies différentes. En outre, le partage de cette ressource induit des dégradations sur les performances du récepteur, comme par exemple une perte de sensibilité si le partage se fait par sommation. Enfin, la distribution de liaisons hyperfréquences ajoute également un facteur de perte de sensibilité et d'augmentation de masse et in fine de coût. En outre, dans le cas où le bloc fonctionnel de mesure de fréquence 4 reçoit en entrée une sélection de l'un des signaux radiofréquences analogiques RF amplifiés, une mesure de niveau doit être réalisée au préalable afin d'aiguiller le commutateur sur la bonne voie. Ce problème peut être résolu soit en limitant la durée minimale des impulsions mesurées, soit en retardant le signal radiofréquence analogique RF amplifiés en entrée du bloc fonctionnel de mesure de fréquence 4 nécessitant la mise en place de lignes à retard large bande 5, donc au détriment des performances.The frequency measurement functional block 4 in the receiver according to the state of the art is pooled for all the channels in the centralized functional block 3. This choice is dictated by the great complexity and the high cost of the functional block of frequency measurement 4. However, the sharing of the frequency measurement functional block 4 does not allow the simultaneous measurement of signals coming from different channels. In addition, the sharing of this resource induces degradation on the performance of the receiver, such as a loss of sensitivity if the sharing is done by summation. Finally, the distribution of microwave links also adds a factor of loss of sensitivity and increase of mass and ultimately of cost. Furthermore, in the case where the frequency measurement functional block 4 receives as input a selection of one of the amplified RF analog radio frequency signals, a level measurement must be carried out in advance in order to switch the switch on the right track. . This problem can be solved either by limiting the minimum duration of the measured pulses, or by delaying the amplified RF analog radio frequency signal at the input of the frequency measurement functional block 4 requiring the introduction of broadband delay lines 5, thus to the detriment performs.
L'invention a notamment pour but de pallier les inconvénients précités. A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un récepteur large bande instantanée, par exemple supérieure à 10 GHz, comportant un nombre n de voies d'interception de signaux radioélectriques et un moyen central de traitement. Chaque voie comporte des moyens numériques adaptés à l'extraction des informations comprises dans les signaux interceptés et/ou dans leurs enveloppes. Chaque voie comporte une liaison de données véhiculant les informations générées vers le moyen central de traitement. Le moyen central de traitement est adapté à la génération d'un bus impulsion caractérisant les impulsions interceptées par les voies. Dans un mode de réalisation, chaque voie comporte une antenne adaptée à l'interception de signaux radioélectriques, les signaux interceptés étant dirigés vers : • vers un amplificateur puis un moyen de numérisation délivrant un signal numérisé, et ;The purpose of the invention is in particular to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks. To this end, the subject of the invention is an instantaneous broadband receiver, for example greater than 10 GHz, comprising a number n of radio signal interception channels and a central processing means. Each channel comprises digital means adapted to the extraction of the information included in the intercepted signals and / or in their envelopes. Each channel includes a data link conveying the generated information to the central processing means. The central processing means is adapted to the generation of a pulse bus characterizing the impulses intercepted by the channels. In one embodiment, each channel comprises an antenna adapted to interception of radio signals, the intercepted signals being directed towards: • an amplifier and then a digitization means delivering a digitized signal, and;
• vers une ou plusieurs diodes adaptées à la détection d'enveloppe dudit signal reçu, puis un moyen de numérisation délivrant un signal numérisé d'enveloppe. Chaque voie comporte un moyen local de traitements recevant le signal RF numérisé et le signal numérisé de son enveloppe. Le moyen local de traitements délivre sur la liaison de données des informations comprises dans le signal numérisé et le signal numérisé d'enveloppe.To one or more diodes adapted to the envelope detection of said received signal, then to a digitization means delivering a digitized envelope signal. Each channel comprises a local processing means receiving the digitized RF signal and the digitized signal of its envelope. The local processing means delivers on the data link information included in the digitized signal and the digitized envelope signal.
Pour chaque voie, le moyen local de traitement à partir des données numériques issues des numériseurs extrait les paramètres des signaux reçus suivants :For each channel, the local processing means from the digital data from the scanners extracts the parameters of the following received signals:
La fréquence centrale du signal RF reçu La caractérisation de la modulation de ce signal L'instant d'arrivéeThe central frequency of the received RF signal The characterization of the modulation of this signal The arrival time
La durée Le niveau.Duration The level.
Le moyen local de traitement est par exemple réalisé au sein d'un même composant à logique programmable, intégrant les éléments nécessaires à l'extraction des informations. La collecte simultanée des informations issues des deux numériseurs par ce composant unique rend ainsi plus robuste l'extraction des paramètres du signal reçu grâce à un échange réciproque des informations.The local processing means is for example made within the same programmable logic component, integrating the elements necessary for the extraction of information. The simultaneous collection of the information from the two scanners by this unique component thus makes it more robust to extract the parameters of the received signal through a reciprocal exchange of information.
L'invention a notamment pour avantages qu'elle permet d'améliorer la sensibilité, d'intercepter de nombreux signaux en environnement électromagnétiquement dense. L'invention permet encore de simplifier le câblage, de réduire la masse, le volume et le coût, et donc in fine de simplifier l'intégration sur le porteur. D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à l'aide de la description qui suit faite en regard des dessins annexés qui représentent :The advantages of the invention include that it makes it possible to improve the sensitivity, to intercept many signals in an electromagnetically dense environment. The invention also makes it possible to simplify the wiring, to reduce the mass, the volume and the cost, and therefore ultimately to simplify the integration on the carrier. Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent with the aid of the following description made with reference to the appended drawings which represent:
• la figure 1 , par un schéma bloc, un récepteur large bande instantanée selon l'état de l'art ;• Figure 1, a block diagram, an instant wideband receiver according to the state of the art;
• la figure 2, par un schéma bloc, un récepteur large bande instantanée selon l'invention ;FIG. 2, by a block diagram, an instantaneous broadband receiver according to the invention;
• la figure 3, par un synoptique, un procédé selon l'invention d'interception de signaux radioélectriques.FIG. 3, by a block diagram, a method according to the invention for intercepting radio signals.
La figure 2 représente, par un schéma bloc, un récepteur large bande instantanée selon l'invention. Les éléments identiques aux éléments déjà présentés sur les autres figures portent les mêmes références. Le dispositif selon l'invention comporte un nombre n de voies d'interception de signaux radioélectriques, et notamment d'interception des signaux radioélectriques issus d'émetteurs radars comportant des impulsions. Chaque voie met notamment en œuvre des moyens numériques adaptés à l'extraction des informations comprises dans les signaux interceptés et/ou dans leurs enveloppes. Parmi les informations, on peut par exemple citer le niveau d'une impulsion, son instant d'arrivée, sa durée, la fréquence de la porteuse, le type et les paramètres de modulation. Chaque voie véhicule les informations ainsi générées vers un moyen central de traitement. Le moyen central de traitement est adapté à la génération d'un bus impulsion caractérisant les impulsions interceptées par les voies.FIG. 2 represents, by a block diagram, an instantaneous broadband receiver according to the invention. Elements identical to the elements already presented in the other figures bear the same references. The device according to the invention comprises a number n of radio signal interception channels, and in particular interception of radio signals from radar transmitters comprising pulses. Each channel implements in particular digital means adapted to the extraction of the information included in the intercepted signals and / or in their envelopes. Among the information, one can for example quote the level of a pulse, its arrival time, its duration, the frequency of the carrier, the type and the parameters of modulation. Each route conveys the information thus generated to a central means of processing. The central processing means is adapted to the generation of a pulse bus characterizing the impulses intercepted by the channels.
Le dispositif selon l'invention comporte un nombre n de voies comporte une antenne 1 adaptée à l'interception de signaux radioélectriques. Les signaux interceptés sont alors amplifiés par un amplificateur 12 de manière à saturer le signal radiofréquence correspondant à la porteuse de l'impulsion émise par le radar. Ce dernier signal acheminé vers un moyen de numérisation 10 délivrant un signal numérisé. Une technique connue pour numériser un tel signal est notamment décrite dans le document de brevet français n°06 01 205. Le signal numérisé est trait é par un moyen local de traitements 1 1 adapté à l'extraction des informations comprises dans ce signal, notamment, sa fréquence et éventuellement ses paramètres de modulation intra-pulse. Les procédés d'extraction des paramètres issus de ces signaux numérisés sont connus de l'homme du métier et sont décrit notamment dans les brevets français N°05 12 521 et N°06 01 205. D'autre part, chaque voie comporte une ou plusieurs diodes 13 adaptés à la détection d'enveloppe du signal reçu sur l'antenne 1. Les signaux vidéos issus de ces diodes 13 sont ensuite numérisés par un moyen de numérisation 10 délivrant un signal numérisé d'enveloppe. Une technique connue pour numériser un tel signal est notamment décrite dans le document de brevet français n°05 12 521. Le signal numéris é d'enveloppe est traité par le moyen local de traitements 1 1 afin d'en extraire notamment les informations comprises dans l'enveloppe, notamment, l'amplitude et sa modulation éventuelle, l'instant d'arrivée de l'impulsion, et sa durée. Les procédés d'extraction de ces paramètres sont connus de l'homme du métier et sont décrit notamment dans les brevets français N°05 12 521 et N°06 01 205. Pour chaque voie, les informations produites sont acheminées en sortie sur une liaison numérique rapide 14 vers un moyen central de traitement 7 commun à l'ensemble des voies. Le calcul des paramètres des signaux au plus près de l'antenne sur chaque voie permet d'améliorer de manière significative les performances en sensibilité. La liaison numérique rapide 14 peut être supporté par exemple par des lignes électriques ou optiques.The device according to the invention comprises a number n of channels comprises an antenna 1 adapted to the interception of radio signals. The intercepted signals are then amplified by an amplifier 12 so as to saturate the radiofrequency signal corresponding to the carrier of the pulse emitted by the radar. The latter signal is routed to a digitization means 10 delivering a digitized signal. A known technique for digitizing such a signal is described in particular in French Patent Document No. 06 01 205. The digitized signal is processed by a local processing means 1 1 adapted to the extraction of the information included in this signal, in particular, its frequency and possibly its intra-pulse modulation parameters. The methods for extracting the parameters resulting from these digitized signals are known to a person skilled in the art and are described in particular in French patents Nos. 05 12 521 and 06 01 205. On the other hand, each channel comprises one or several diodes 13 adapted to the envelope detection of the signal received on the antenna 1. The video signals from these diodes 13 are then digitized by a scanning means 10 delivering a digitized envelope signal. A known technique for digitizing such a signal is described in particular in French Patent Document No. 05 12 521. The digitized envelope signal is processed by the local processing means 11 in order to extract in particular the information included in FIG. the envelope, in particular, the amplitude and its possible modulation, the instant of arrival of the pulse, and its duration. The methods for extracting these parameters are known to those skilled in the art and are described in particular in French patents Nos. 05 12 521 and 06 01 205. For each channel, the information produced is outputted on a link. fast digital 14 to a central processing means 7 common to all channels. By calculating the signal parameters as close to the antenna as possible on each channel, the sensitivity performance can be significantly improved. The fast digital link 14 may be supported for example by electrical or optical lines.
En outre, le moyen local de traitement 11 peut accéder aux informations (comprise dans le signal radiofréquence numérisé et dans l'enveloppe) issues des différents moyens de numérisation 10 compris dans une même voie. Cela est rendu possible par la localisation au sein de chaque voie du moyen local de traitements 1 1. Ces accès mutuels aux informations calculées localement permettent d'améliorer l'extraction des paramètres au moyen de traitements complémentaires, comme par exemple une assistance à la levée d'ambiguïté de mesure de fréquence à l'aide de la mesure de niveau ou encore l'indication de présence de signaux simultanés pouvant altérer la mesure de niveau. Pour chaque voie, le moyen local de traitement 11 peut notamment recevoir des consignes émises par le moyen central de traitement 7 via la liaison numérique rapide 14. Ces consignes permettent notamment d'améliorer le comportement des voies de réception. A titre d'exemple, une consigne peut être un ordre d'interdiction d'interception d'un signal ayant des caractéristiques particulières, comme par exemple un signal pouvant gêner l'interception d'autres signaux.In addition, the local processing means 11 can access the information (included in the digitized radiofrequency signal and in the envelope) from the different digitization means 10 included in the same channel. This is made possible by the localization within each channel of the local processing means 1 1. These mutual accesses to locally calculated information make it possible to improve the extraction of the parameters by means of complementary processing, such as for example assistance with lifting. ambiguity of frequency measurement using the level measurement or the indication of presence of simultaneous signals that can alter the level measurement. For each channel, the local processing means 11 may in particular receive instructions issued by the central processing means 7 via the fast digital link 14. These instructions allow in particular to improve the behavior of the reception channels. By way of example, a setpoint can be a prohibition order of interception of a signal having particular characteristics, such as for example a signal that can hinder the interception of other signals.
Le moyen local de traitement 1 1 peut notamment être réalisé au sein d'un même composant à logique programmable, intégrant les éléments nécessaires à la mise en œuvre des procédés d'extraction des paramètres. Ce mode de réalisation permet notamment de réduire l'encombrement du dispositif et d'exploiter au mieux la complémentarité des mesures.The local processing means 11 may in particular be implemented within the same programmable logic component, integrating the elements necessary for the implementation of the parameter extraction methods. This embodiment makes it possible in particular to reduce the size of the device and to make the best use of the complementarity of the measurements.
Un récepteur large bande instantanée selon l'invention peut comporter un nombre n de voies, selon les besoins et la configuration du porteur, et le moyen central de traitement 7. Le moyen central de traitement 7 reçoit via les liaisons numériques rapides 14 les informations issues de chaque voie. Le moyen central de traitement 7 peut être composé d'un ou plusieurs processeurs de données. Il collecte l'ensemble des informations transmises par les voies. A partir de ces informations, composées des paramètres de signaux reçus, il génère un bus impulsion. Ce bus impulsion caractérise chaque impulsion reçue par les antennes 1. Le bus impulsion peut comporter une mesure de direction d'arrivée des signaux en utilisant un procédé de goniométrie d'amplitude mis en œuvre par le moyen central de traitement 7.An instant broadband receiver according to the invention may comprise a number n of channels, depending on the needs and configuration of the carrier, and the central processing means 7. The central processing means 7 receives via the fast digital links 14 the information from each way. The central processing means 7 can be composed of one or more data processors. It collects all the information transmitted by the channels. From this information, composed of the received signal parameters, it generates a pulse bus. This pulse bus characterizes each pulse received by the antennas 1. The pulse bus may comprise a measurement of the arrival direction of the signals by using an amplitude direction finding method implemented by the central processing means 7.
Le récepteur large bande instantanée selon l'invention a la capacité à traiter des signaux de fréquence différente arrivant simultanément sur des voies différentes. Ceci est rendu possible grâce à la présence de moyens de mesure de fréquence dans chaque voie. L'absence de liaisons hyperfréquences entre les voies et un bloc fonctionnel centralisé 3 permet une réduction significative des contraintes d'installation du système de réception. La figure 3 illustre par un synoptique un procédé d'interception de signaux radioélectrique. Le procédé peut notamment être mis en œuvre par le dispositif selon l'invention décrit sur la figure 2. Le procédé selon l'invention comporte une première étape 100 d'interception de signaux radioélectriques, en particulier des signaux radioélectriques émis par des radars et comportant des impulsions. Les signaux interceptés sont alors amplifiés dans une étape 101 de manière à saturer le signal radiofréquence correspondant à la porteuse de l'impulsion émise par le radar, puis numérisé dans une étape 103. A l'issue de l'étape 103, un signal numérisé est obtenu. Parallèlement aux étapes 101 et 103, l'enveloppe du signal intercepté est calculée dans une étape 102, puis numérisée au cours de l'étape 104. A l'issue de l'étape 104, un signal numérisé d'enveloppe est obtenu. Puis dans une étape 105, les informations comprises dans le signal amplifié et numérisé issu de l'étape 103 et dans le signal d'enveloppe numérisé issu de l'étape 104 sont extraites. A titre d'exemple, les informations comprises dans l'enveloppe sont, notamment, l'amplitude et sa modulation éventuelle, l'instant d'arrivée de l'impulsion, et sa durée. A titre d'exemple, les informations comprises dans le signal amplifié numérisé sont, notamment, sa fréquence et éventuellement ses paramètres de modulation intra-pulse. Les étapes 100, 101 , 102, 103, 104 et 105 sont communes pour une voie en réception. Aussi, en parallèle, l'ensemble de ces étapes peut être répété pour un nombre n donné de voie.The instant broadband receiver according to the invention has the ability to process signals of different frequencies arriving simultaneously on different paths. This is made possible by the presence of frequency measuring means in each channel. The absence of microwave links between the channels and a centralized functional block 3 makes it possible to significantly reduce the installation constraints of the reception system. FIG. 3 illustrates by a block diagram a method for intercepting radio signals. The method may in particular be implemented by the device according to the invention described in FIG. 2. The method according to the invention comprises a first step 100 for intercepting radio signals, in particular radio signals emitted by radars and comprising pulses. The intercepted signals are then amplified in a step 101 so as to saturate the radiofrequency signal corresponding to the carrier of the pulse transmitted by the radar, and then digitized in a step 103. At the end of step 103, a digitized signal is obtained. In parallel with the steps 101 and 103, the envelope of the intercepted signal is calculated in a step 102, then digitized in the step 104. At the end of the step 104, a digitized envelope signal is obtained. Then in a step 105, the information included in the amplified and digitized signal from step 103 and in the digitized envelope signal from step 104 are extracted. By way of example, the information included in the envelope is, in particular, the amplitude and its possible modulation, the time of arrival of the pulse, and its duration. By way of example, the information included in the digitized amplified signal is, in particular, its frequency and possibly its intra-pulse modulation parameters. Steps 100, 101, 102, 103, 104 and 105 are common for a receive channel. Also, in parallel, all of these steps can be repeated for a given number of lanes.
Une fois les informations extraites, pour chaque voie, ces dernières sont transmises et traitées dans une étape 106 de construction d'un bus impulsion. Aussi, au cours de l'étape 106, est collecté pour chaque voie l'ensemble des informations produites à la fin de l'étape 105. A partir de ces informations, composées des paramètres de signaux reçus, un bus impulsion est généré. Ce bus impulsion caractérise chaque impulsion reçue. Le bus impulsion peut comporter une mesure de direction d'arrivée des signaux en utilisant un procédé de goniométrie d'amplitude mis en œuvre au cours de l'étape 106. Once the information extracted, for each channel, the latter are transmitted and processed in a step 106 of construction of a pulse bus. Also, during step 106, is collected for each channel all the information produced at the end of step 105. From this information, composed of the received signal parameters, a pulse bus is generated. This pulse bus characterizes each pulse received. The pulse bus may comprise a direction of arrival of the signals using an amplitude direction finding method implemented during step 106.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Récepteur large bande instantanée comportant un nombre n de voies d'interception de signaux radioélectriques et un moyen central de traitement (7), chaque voie comportant des moyens numériques (10, 11 ) adaptés à l'extraction des informations comprises dans les signaux interceptés et/ou dans leurs enveloppes, chaque voie comportant une liaison de données (14) véhiculant les informations générées vers le moyen central de traitement (7), le moyen central de traitement (7) étant adapté à la génération d'un bus impulsion caractérisant les impulsions interceptées par les voies.An instant broadband receiver having a number n of radio signal interception channels and a central processing means (7), each channel having digital means (10, 11) adapted to extract the information included in the signals. intercepted and / or in their envelopes, each channel comprising a data link (14) conveying the generated information to the central processing means (7), the central processing means (7) being adapted to the generation of a pulse bus characterizing the impulses intercepted by the channels.
2. Récepteur selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que chaque voie comporte une antenne (1 ) adaptée à l'interception de signaux radioélectriques, les signaux interceptés étant dirigés vers :2. Receiver according to claim 1 characterized in that each channel comprises an antenna (1) adapted to the interception of radio signals, the intercepted signals being directed to:
• vers un amplificateur (12) puis un moyen de numérisation (10) délivrant un signal numérisé, et ; • vers une ou plusieurs diodes (13) adaptées à la détection d'enveloppe dudit signal reçu, puis un moyen de numérisation (10) délivrant un signal numérisé d'enveloppe; chaque voie comportant un moyen local de traitements (1 1 ) recevant le signal numérisé et le signal numérisé d'enveloppe, le moyen local de traitements (11 ) délivrant sur la liaison de données (14) les informations comprises dans le signal numérisé d'enveloppe.To an amplifier (12) then a digitizing means (10) delivering a digitized signal, and; To one or more diodes (13) suitable for detecting the envelope of said received signal, then digitizing means (10) delivering a digitized envelope signal; each channel comprising a local processing means (1 1) receiving the digitized signal and the digitized envelope signal, the local processing means (11) delivering on the data link (14) the information included in the digitized signal of envelope.
3. Récepteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 2 caractérisé en ce que, pour chaque voie, le moyen local de traitement (11 ) à partir des données numériques issues des numériseurs extrait les paramètres des signaux reçus suivants :3. Receiver according to any one of claims 1 to 2 characterized in that, for each channel, the local processing means (11) from the digital data from the scanners extracts the parameters of the following received signals:
- La fréquence centrale du signal RF reçu ;- The center frequency of the received RF signal;
- La caractérisation de la modulation de ce signal ;- The characterization of the modulation of this signal;
- L'instant d'arrivée ; - La durée ;- the instant of arrival; - The duration ;
- Le niveau.- Level.
4. Récepteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3 caractérisé en ce que le moyen local de traitement (1 1 ) est réalisé au sein d'un même composant à logique programmable, intégrant les éléments nécessaires à l'extraction des informations. 4. Receiver according to any one of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that the local processing means (1 1) is made within a single component with programmable logic, integrating the elements necessary for the extraction of information.
PCT/EP2008/059661 2007-07-24 2008-07-23 Method for intercepting radioelectric signals and instantaneous broadband compact receiver WO2009013314A1 (en)

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