WO2009012853A1

WO2009012853A1 - Container for accommodating a heat-storing medium.

Info

Publication number: WO2009012853A1
Application number: PCT/EP2008/004913
Authority: WO
Inventors: Georg Haase
Original assignee: Hydro-Energy
Priority date: 2007-07-24
Filing date: 2008-06-19
Publication date: 2009-01-29
Also published as: DE202007010809U1; DE102007034511A1; EP2167897A1

Abstract

The invention relates to the construction or planning of individual components of a conventional container for storing a medium in such fashion that the container can be erected or retrofitted even in rooms in which the size of the access openings is limited. According to the invention, this objective is achieved by limiting the size of each individual planar element (110), from which the container is assembled, to a specified, standard size.

Description

Container for storing a heat-storing medium

The invention relates to a container, in particular a long-term water heat storage, for storing a heat-storing medium, in particular water.

Such containers have been known for a long time especially for the process water treatment. As a large-capacity long-term water storage heat these containers contribute significantly in the use of fossil fuels for heating purposes, in the use of renewable energy, such as solar energy, wind and water power, in the operation of block heating power plants and in the use of industrial and commercial waste heat for energy saving and emission reduction. From the German patent DE 41 16 375 C2 it is known that such bulky containers are traditionally made of sheet steel. They are transported as prefabricated modules in buildings and where appropriate coupled with other modules.

Based on this prior art, the present invention seeks to construct the items for such containers so or to dimension that the container in rooms with limited - large access openings, such. B. standard doors or can be retrofitted.

This object is solved by the subject matter of patent claim 1. This is characterized in that the size of each one of the surface elements of the container does not exceed a predetermined normal surface. By this claimed limitation in the dimensioning of the individual surface elements of the container, it is advantageously possible, these surface elements in rooms with limited - large access openings, such. B. introduce standard doors, provided that at least the width or the length of this standard area allows transport of the surface element through the access opening. Another advantage is that the surface elements can be manufactured in automatic mass production.

According to a first embodiment of the invention, the container is cuboid shaped in order to achieve the greatest possible space utilization. The surface elements are then floor, ceiling and wall elements. Advantageously, then the area of each of these floor, ceiling and wall elements is smaller than a predetermined normal area. By way of example, the width of the floor and ceiling elements is 1500 mm and the width of the wall elements 1000 mm, so that a transverse transport of these elements through a standard door with a height of 2000 mm is easily possible.

According to a further embodiment, the wall elements on at least one of its longitudinal sides a fold, which preferably extends over the entire longitudinal side of the respective wall element. During the later operation of the container, especially when it is filled with water, the wall elements are loaded with a high internal pressure of the container and must withstand this. In order to prevent or at least reduce undesirable large deformations, in particular bulges, of the wall elements, these folds serve as stiffening of the walls.

The bends preferably protrude into the interior of the container. On the one hand, this has the advantage that the container of maximum size or maximum volume can be dimensioned according to the available room size; the volume of the container does not have to be smaller, because survive on the outside of the container. In addition, a risk of injury in the outer region of the container by the inwardly projecting into the container bends is not given.

An additional stiffening of the wall elements against the internal pressure can be achieved by V-profiles, at the free, d. H. away from the wall are attached end of the fold.

So that the container can fulfill its function as a heat storage, it is necessary that heat energy can be introduced into the container and removed from it again. For this purpose, it is advantageous if at least one of the surface elements of the container has one or more openings for installation and connection of an energy source or energy sink, for example a heat exchanger, in / on the container.

Such containers are particularly effective as heat storage, if they are as large as possible. The larger the storage volume, the greater the degree of utilization of the heat generators used and the greater the use of renewable energy, in particular solar energy.

From the point of view of building the largest possible container, it is advantageous if originally smaller containers are subsequently expandable. For this purpose, it is advantageous that the surface elements are welded or glued at their edges and that these compounds are preferably detachable or reproducible with each other.

For the benefit of the containers according to the invention, especially when they are filled with large volumes, the following is carried out: Very large influence on the soot formation and pollutant emission has the annual number of burners for boilers, which is due to the oversizing in 80% of all buildings and because of their very low water content, up to 40 000; According to the Federal Environment Agency, it is responsible for 50% of the total pollutant emissions. Even when using the container according to the invention as a water storage with a storage volume of 2000 I, the burner starts would be reduced to 500 and less. As a result, the chimney, operating and standby losses, which are known to lie between 20% and 60%, depending on the type of installation, are minimized in such a way that a primary energy saving of 30% to 70% and thus an emission reduction of C0 ₂ of 30% to 70% % would result. An oversizing of boilers would have virtually no effect on the annual efficiency of the boiler when using the container according to the invention. It merely causes the operating time to be somewhat shorter. In operation burners and boilers operate with their highest possible efficiency, so that the combustion efficiency stated by the manufacturer corresponds approximately to the actual plant efficiency.

The soot layer formation in boilers, which results particularly from the high initial burner number, is only about 5% of the usual Rußschichtbildung using the container according to the invention, which in turn would lead to a reduced primary energy use. Due to the low starting number results in a very long burner life, on the one hand prevents a fireplace screeding, on the other hand would lead to a significant fuel savings. As a rule, an oil or gas burner reaches its so-called stationary operating state only after about 6 minutes after switching on. Only then does the measurement of the efficiency and pollutant emissions usually take place.

Fire chambers for oil and gas burners, the zzt. almost all are designed for low-temperature operation with all its disadvantages, container according to the invention again be adapted to the well-tried high-temperature technology. This would result in a further emission reduction, which can be rated at 50% for CKW and 30% for Co. In addition, boilers in high-temperature technology can be made considerably simpler and therefore more cost-effective.

Solar energy, as it is currently. In 99% of all cases, only domestic hot water is used, because heating and heating systems in conventional heating systems lack connectivity and storage facilities. The annual utilization rate is given to It. Statistical surveys for the m ² with 200 kWh. However, if the solar energy supplied to a container according to the invention with a storage volume of about 6000 I and also be used for heating purposes by using this container or heat storage, the annual utilization rate would rise to about 800 kWh / m ² . If even larger storage volumes were used, an even larger proportion of the solar energy would be available for heating the building.

The invention is a total of three figures attached, wherein

1 shows a container according to the invention with the cover removed,

Figure 2 is a plan or a bottom plate of the container according to the invention of Figure 1; and

3 shows the base plate or the floor plan for an expanded container according to the invention

shows. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the mentioned figures. In all figures, the same mechanical elements are designated by the same reference numerals.

FIG. 1 shows the container 100 according to the invention with the cover removed. In particular, the wall elements 110-n with n = 1-N can be seen, which are each cut at right angles and with their narrow side perpendicular to the bottom 120 of the container. Individual of the wall elements 110 have openings 116, in particular in the form of flange openings for installation and connection of, for example, a heat exchanger 200. The heat exchanger allows both the introduction of energy into a heat-storing medium, eg. As water, inside the container 100, as well as the removal of energy from this medium. So z. B. district heating through the opening and the heat exchanger are introduced into the heat-storing medium and some time later, if necessary, the heat could be removed by connecting the heat exchanger to a local heating system again.

The wall elements are according to the invention in their width and height not greater than a predetermined normal area, for example, 1000 mm x 2000 mm. The floor and ceiling elements are subordinate in their width and length of a predetermined normal area and amount in size, for example, to 1500 mm x 3000 mm. All surface elements are connected together during assembly of the container, d. H. Depending on the material welded or glued together. In any case, the connection between the elements must be formed close to the heat-storing medium used. Not just the wall elements, but all surface elements, d. H. also the bottom and cover elements can be made of plastic or metal.

FIG. 2 shows a plan view or the base plate 120 for the container according to FIG. 1. It can be seen that at least some of the wall elements 110 abut have their longitudinal sides right-angled bends 112-n with n = 1, 2, .... These bends serve, in particular when they extend over the entire height of the container, a stiffening of the wall elements against the pressure exerted by the heat-storing medium pressure from the inside against the wall elements. An even further stiffening of the wall elements is achieved by the attached to the free or far wall ends of the folds V-profiles 114-n with n = 1, 2 .... The mentioned connections between the individual surface elements need not extend over the entire surface between two immediately adjacent bends; Rather, it is usually sufficient if the surface elements z. B. are welded together with a single weld.

Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of the container according to the invention, wherein the storage volume was compared to the containers shown in Figures 1 and 2 doubled. The original outer walls 110- (n-1) to 110-N (see Fig.1) form in the expansion shown in Figure 3, a partition between the two chambers I and Il of the extended memory. However, a separation of the two chambers is undesirable in terms of efficient use of the heat storage, because this must have the largest possible contiguous storage volume. In the extension, this is simply realized by z. B. in the wall element 110-N possible large openings 118 (see Fig. 1) are introduced as possible at different heights, so that the two chambers I and II can communicate with each other. These openings 118 with large clear width ensure even with a battery of many individual communicating with each other chambers that sets an undisturbed temperature stratification solely by the difference in weight of the above warmer water and the lower colder water. The water in the two chambers I and II then forms a homogeneous heat-storing medium, which is de facto not separated by the intermediate wall. In principle, a first chamber I can be expanded not only, as shown by way of example in FIG. 3, with one, but with any number of chambers with the same or a different base.

If in a battery of several chambers I ₁ Il, the heat-storing medium heated only in one of the chambers by an introduced heat exchanger, the heated water rises by natural convection up, while the lower area remains cold for the time being. However, the heated water is then distributed in the upper layer of the medium even without mechanical assistance over the entire storage battery, ie, over all chambers, provided they communicate with each other via the openings 116-x. The distribution of the heated water is up to a point at any height, in which z. B. can provide a temperature sensor for an end of the load. This effect continues until the entire battery in all chambers is charged to this point and has a consistently uniform temperature distribution. If heat is subsequently removed by means of an upper heat exchanger, the same effect occurs in reverse order.

The automatic distribution of the heated water just described is due to natural convection.

Claims

claims

1. A container (100) for storing a heat-storing medium, in particular water, wherein the container is assembled from a plurality of surface elements (110); characterized in that the size of each one of the surface elements (110) is a predetermined one

Normal area does not exceed.

2. Container (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the container (100) is cuboidal and it is in the surface elements to bottom, cover and wall elements (110).

3. Container (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that the standard area for the bottom and cover elements is 1500 mm x 3000 mm.

4. Container (100) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the standard area for the wall elements is 1000 mm x 2000 mm.

5. Container (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the wall elements (110) are rectangular cut and have at least one of its longitudinal sides a fold (112), which preferably extends over the entire longitudinal side of the wall elements.

6. Container (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that the fold (112) protrudes into the interior of the container.

7. Container (100) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that a V-profile is attached to the free wall-distal end of the fold, which preferably extends over the entire length of the fold (112).

8. Container (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the surface elements (110) of the container has one or more openings (116) for installation and connection of an energy source or an energy sink, such as a heat exchanger, in / on the container (100).

9. Container (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface elements (110) made of plastic or metal, in particular standard sheet metal parts are made.

10. Container (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface elements (110) connectable at their edges, for. B. are welded or glued.