WO2009006747A1 - Elément optique, système d'éclairage et procédé de conception d'un élément optique - Google Patents

Elément optique, système d'éclairage et procédé de conception d'un élément optique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009006747A1
WO2009006747A1 PCT/CH2008/000305 CH2008000305W WO2009006747A1 WO 2009006747 A1 WO2009006747 A1 WO 2009006747A1 CH 2008000305 W CH2008000305 W CH 2008000305W WO 2009006747 A1 WO2009006747 A1 WO 2009006747A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
optical
optical element
structures
front surface
microstructures
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CH2008/000305
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Daniel Dias
Ville Kettunen
Martin Salt
Markus Rossi
Original Assignee
Heptagon Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heptagon Oy filed Critical Heptagon Oy
Publication of WO2009006747A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009006747A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0038—Linear indentations or grooves, e.g. arc-shaped grooves or meandering grooves, extending over the full length or width of the light guide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/002—Refractors for light sources using microoptical elements for redirecting or diffusing light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
    • G02B5/1876—Diffractive Fresnel lenses; Zone plates; Kinoforms
    • G02B5/188—Plurality of such optical elements formed in or on a supporting substrate
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B15/00—Special procedures for taking photographs; Apparatus therefor
    • G03B15/02—Illuminating scene
    • G03B15/03—Combinations of cameras with lighting apparatus; Flash units
    • G03B15/05—Combinations of cameras with electronic flash apparatus; Electronic flash units
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F19/00—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for
    • G09F19/12—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for using special optical effects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0066—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
    • G02B6/0073—Light emitting diode [LED]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B2215/00—Special procedures for taking photographs; Apparatus therefor
    • G03B2215/05—Combinations of cameras with electronic flash units
    • G03B2215/0564—Combinations of cameras with electronic flash units characterised by the type of light source
    • G03B2215/0571—With second light source
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B2215/00—Special procedures for taking photographs; Apparatus therefor
    • G03B2215/05—Combinations of cameras with electronic flash units
    • G03B2215/0589—Diffusors, filters or refraction means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an optical element whose surface is structured by means of optical structures, e.g. diffraction and/or refraction type optical microstructures or classical optical element, that represent a predetermined optical function.
  • the invention further relates to an illumination system comprising at least one light source such as an electroluminescent element and at least one optical element whose surface is structured by means of such optical structures, in particular microstructures.
  • the invention further relates to a method of designing an optical element.
  • optical elements that provide a predetermined optical function by means of optical structures, such as classical optical structures (e.g. convex/concave lenses) or optical microstructures, on at least one of its surfaces are known.
  • the optical element comprises a layer of an at least partially transparent material whose thickness is generally much smaller than its extent in the other two dimensions.
  • Optical structures are arranged on the front surface or the back surface or both surfaces.
  • the layer may be a glass substrate with a thin layer of epoxy attached thereto, the epoxy having a surface profile representing said structures, in particular but not necessarily microstructures.
  • Optical microstructures comprise fine structures that are such that the wave nature of the light has to be taken into account and participates in the effect the optical element having such microstructures on one of its surfaces has upon radiation, in particular by refraction and/or diffraction.
  • the optical microstructures have characteristic profile depths and profile widths of the order of a few wavelengths up to a few tens of wavelengths for refractive optics and of about one wavelength up to a few wavelengths for diffractive optics.
  • the characteristic depths/heights and often also widths are of typically a few micrometers, for example of 0.5 ⁇ m - 200 ⁇ m, typically around 20 ⁇ m.
  • Such optical microstructures have, for example, the shape of a series of micro-ridges or micro-grooves arranged in an otherwise unstructured planar surface.
  • corresponding micro-optical elements have structures such that the phase relation of radiation present at different neighboring places on the structure is well-defined. This is opposed to classical, purely refractive optical elements, where the behavior of the radiation at different elements of the structure can be described in a geometrical optics model, and the wave nature is disregarded.
  • Optical elements with optical microstructures have the potential to shape the initially emitted light in almost any manner. This may be achieved by choosing for different areas of the optical element different types of microstructures and/or different characteristic depths/widths/distances of the microstructures.
  • the overall profile can be calculated such that the overall optical element has a predetermined optical function, which is represented by the optical microstructures.
  • Such an optical element and a corresponding design method are described in WO 2004/044995, for example, which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • Optical elements with optical microstructures are especially beneficial in combination with one or more LED(s) as a light source, as the LED is an extended light source and cannot be regarded as a point source. This makes it especially difficult to achieve a good collimation with conventional optics.
  • optical elements can be essentially flat, as the microstructures do not significantly add to its thickness.
  • a typical thickness of the optical element is 0.5 mm, a preferred range is 300 ⁇ m to 1.1 mm.
  • Such optical elements can be manufactured in a mass process, e.g. by imprinting the desired profile on a transparent layer, e.g. of a plastic material or a resin, attached to a substrate, e.g. a glass wafer.
  • a product comprising an optical element, e.g. such a mobile phone with a flash light, decorative and/or informative elements, e.g. a company's logo, a security label that ensures authenticity of the product, certain color effects, and the like.
  • decorative and/or informative elements e.g. a company's logo, a security label that ensures authenticity of the product, certain color effects, and the like.
  • Such elements generally have to be applied to the product in a separate manufacturing step.
  • the optical element comprises an at least partially transparent layer having a front surface and a back surface, wherein at least one of said front surface and back surface comprises optical structures, such as optical microstructures or one or more classical optical elements, said optical structures representing a predetermined optical function of the optical element.
  • This optical function is generally a beam shaping function: A light beam emitted by a light source is shaped to achieve a predetermined output distribution, e.g. with predetermined divergence angle(s).
  • These optical structures required to provide the basic optical function of the optical element for generating a required output beam shape will also be designated as optically effective structures. If these structures are optical microstructures, they will be designated as optically effective microstructures.
  • at least one of said front surface and back surface comprises further optical structures, in particular microstructures, wherein said further optical structures generate at least one informative and/or decorative element that is visible on or through the front surface at least under predetermined illumination conditions.
  • the invention generates an informative and/or decorative effect on an optical element visible on or through its front surface by introducing a further variation in the surface profile of the front and/or back surface in addition to the surface profile required for generating the desired beam shaping effect, i.e. for fulfilling the main function of the optical element.
  • optical structures in particular microstructures
  • added value in different areas can be provided while not directly or not significantly contributing to the basic optical function of the optical element and without increasing the manufacturing costs.
  • the informative and/or decorative element may be a security feature, e.g. to assure that the product carrying the optical element or the optical element itself is genuine. Generally, structures that are only visible under special lighting conditions are preferred.
  • the informative and/or decorative element may also carry branding information, e.g. be a company's logo visible on the optical element in order to identify the product as coming from that company. This element is preferably visible under all lightning conditions.
  • the informative and/or decorative element may have a decorative effect, e.g.
  • the informative and/or decorative element may include design aspects from the rest of the device into which the optical element is installed, in order to carry through the overall design theme and/or to have more aesthetic impact, or to achieve a new visual effect for the device. Any further optical microstructure may fulfill any or all of the above functions at the same time.
  • the further optical structures can be spatially separated from the optically effective structures, or can be arranged in a spatially overlapping relationship, e.g. by superimposing a small modulation on the surface profile of the optically effective structures.
  • the optically effective structures are generally designed to shape a light beam emitted by a light source arranged at a predetermined location in the direct vicinity of the optical element; light source and optical element form an illumination system.
  • the further structures are generally designed not to affect light emitted from this light source but to affect light emitted from a further light source, which will mostly be located outside the illumination system as such.
  • This further light source may be diffuse ambient light or a light source brought in a certain spatial relationship with respect to the illumination system.
  • the optically active structures are preferably diffraction and/or refraction type microstructures. It is preferred that they have characteristic features as discussed in the introductory portion of this application, i.e. characteristic depths/heights and often also widths of typically a few or a few ten micrometers, for example of 0.5 ⁇ m - 200 ⁇ m, preferably around 20 ⁇ m.
  • the optically active microstructures are designed to collimate light emitted by a light source.
  • the further optical (micro-)structures are generally in the same size range as the optically effective (micro-)structures. Only if overlaid directly on the optically active structures they are shallower, from 50 ran up to 10 ⁇ m such that the optical function of these structures is not adversely affected. In this case the widths are preferably similar to those of the optically active structures.
  • the further optical structure has none or a low visibility under illumination with a first range of incidence angles, and has an increased visibility under illumination with a second range of incidence angles.
  • This can be achieved by one or more microgrooves arranged in the front or back surface of the layer, for example. They have generally a low visibility but light up when illuminated under a given incidence angle, e.g. by a laser.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the invention comprises a further optical structure that has none or a low visibility under illumination with light incident on the front surface or the back surface of the partially transparent layer, and has an increased visibility under illumination with light entering through a side face of the at least partially transparent layer.
  • Such "outcoupling" arrangements are especially preferred in connection with security features.
  • the corresponding illumination system may comprise an additional light source for directing light into the side face of the optical element.
  • these further optical structures are microstructures that are intended to be weakly visible under ambient light and more strongly visible under very bright illumination, or illumination by laser.
  • These further microstructures are created by a depth modulation of the profile of the optically effective structures.
  • the original optically effective structures are designed to achieve a specified beam shaping effect, such as camera flash illumination or some other special beam shape.
  • the typical depth of such a microstructure is in the tens of microns range.
  • a second microstructure modulation of a much lower depth is overlaid onto the first, i.e. the optically effective structure.
  • One key aspect of such an approach is that decorative or informative features can be added to the optically active part of the optical element without significantly influencing the output beam shape of the optical element.
  • optically effective structures are arranged in the back surface and the further structures are arranged on the front surface of the optical element, but overlap one another as seen in a direction perpendicular to the optical element. 2. Structures written outside the active optical area of the optical element with varying degrees of visibility and visual effects. These further structures are generally intended to be clearly visible. These further microstructures can be of different types:
  • a random-type microstructuring of the surface leads to decoration that is visible from almost any angle under ambient light.
  • the depth of the microstructure dictates visibility. Special effects such as variable depth across the decoration allows for varying visibility for different parts of the decoration.
  • Grating structures Periodic microstructuring for creating variable visibility with viewing angle and iridescent (color or "rainbow") effects. Microgrooves are spaced with a defined period and diffractive effects create decorations that vary with viewing angle and/or position on the decoration/security feature.
  • TMs Determining an optical function of the optical element.
  • TMs is, for example done by taking into account the emission characteristics of a light source that is to be used in conjunction with the optical element, and the desired output beam shape.
  • - Determining an additional function of the optical element, i.e. appearance of the informative/decorative element, e.g. a logo, decoration or a security feature, under a certain angle of incidence or certain range of incidence angles.
  • optical element according to the invention is preferably manufactured in a wafer-scale replication process, which is known per se and comprises the following steps:
  • Tooling by laser beam writing.
  • the optically effective and the further microstructures are written into a photoresist layer on a substrate using an intensity modulated laser beam.
  • the photoresist layer is then developed to yield a surface relief structure.
  • the laser intensity can be modulated with 65000 different values, for example, allowing highly precise, continuous surface relief to be created. All the required decoration/security features are included at this stage, along with the optical microstructures representing the beam shaping function of the optical element.
  • Tooling An inverted copy (tool) of the master is made by pouring a deformable material that can be hardened, e.g. a silicone material, e.g.
  • PDMS Poly Dimethyl Siloxane
  • Wafer-scale replication The tool is then used as a mold in a wafer scale replication process, e.g. in a process as described in Preferred manufacturing methods are described in the co-pending US patent applications No. 10/541,008 (published as US 2006/0113701 and WO 2004/068198), 11/384,562, 11/384,563, 11/384,537, and 11/384,558 which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • a thin layer of replication material in a deformable state e.g. UV curable liquid epoxy, is placed onto a glass wafer.
  • the tool is pressed into the replication material and exposed to UV light.
  • the liquid solidifies under the UV, and the tool is separated, leaving an exact copy of the surface relief in the epoxy layer - a replicated wafer. Thereby a plurality of optical elements are produced simultaneously.
  • the final parts can then be diced out of the wafer.
  • optical elements can also be made by injection molding.
  • the replicated wafer from the process as discussed above is electroplated with Nickel.
  • the Nickel is grown on top of the microstructured surface to a particular thickness, and is then separated from the wafer.
  • the result is typically a Nickel plate or foil with an inverse copy of the microstructures on one side.
  • This metallic copy is then inserted into an injection molding tool to provide the microstructure for the final molded part.
  • the inserted Nickel part is often called the 'insert' or 'shim'.
  • Electron beam lithography with the structure either in photoresist or etched into a substrate (e.g. glass, silicon); photolithography, with the structure either in photoresist or etched into a substrate (e.g. glass, silicon), diamond turning/ruling.
  • Nickel shim For injection molding, certain structures and features could also be added directly to the Nickel shim by mechanical machining (e.g. precision drilling/grinding - rather for simple, large features), diamond ruling, sink erosion or photolithography (followed by chemical etch).
  • optically active microstructures as well as the further microstructures in one single step, and preferably to produce a plurality of optical elements simultaneously on wafer scale.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic drawing of an optical element especially for collimating light emitted by one or more LEDs without decorative/informative design features
  • Figure 2 shows the optical element as shown in Fig. 1 with decorative/informative design features for branding purposes according to the invention
  • Figure 3 shows an optical element according to the invention with low- visibility security features on the active area of the optical element
  • Figure 4a+b show schematically an example of adding a new decorative effect using optical microstructures with different visibilities under different lightning conditions
  • Figure 5a shows an original surface structure of an optical element, for providing a specified beam shape
  • Figure 5b shows a theoretical profile of a further optical microstructure to be superimposed on the surface structure of Fig. 5a
  • Figure 5c shows the surface structure as shown in Fig. 5a with addition of the further optical microstructure as shown in Fig. 5b for the decoration/security feature
  • the dotted lines show profile of original structure before addition of the modulation
  • Figure 6 shows a sectional view of an optical element showing the profile of a microgroove type further microstructures for outline type decoration
  • Figure 7 shows a sectional view of an optical element showing the profile of random further microstructures for diffusive decoration
  • Figure 8 shows a sectional view of an optical element showing the profile of periodic further microstructures for a decoration with color and visibility effects that change with viewing angle;
  • Figure 9a-c show examples of the light outcoupling effect by the further microstructures with illumination from the side, from below, and from above.
  • Fig. 1 shows a plan view of an optical element 10 comprising a planar at least partially transparent layer 10' with a front surface 12 normally directed to a viewer, a back surface 14 normally directed to a light source, and side surfaces 16.
  • the layer 10' is generally rectangular with length and width of some millimeters.
  • the front surface 12 and/or back surface 14 is structured by means of optical microstructures 20 having the shape of circular microgrooves concentrically arranged around two symmetry centers A, B. In an alternative embodiment, there could be more or less symmetry centers, or even no symmetry.
  • the microgrooves can also be elliptical or have even more complex shapes.
  • the optical microstructures 20 constitute a Fresnel- type lens, for example.
  • the microstructures 20 collimate light emitted by an extended light source, such as one or more LEDs, arranged behind the optical element 10, e.g. next to the back surface 14.
  • the optical element 10 may be a collimating lens as part of a flash light of a digital camera, e.g. one of a mobile phone.
  • optically effective microstructures 20 cover only a part of the front surface 12 of the optical element 10. This part is also designated as optically active area 18 of the optical element 10.
  • Fig. 2 shows the optical element 10 of Fig. 1 with additional informative/decorative elements 32 visible in the periphery 19 of the optical element 10.
  • the informative/decorative elements 32 are produced by further microstructures 30 on the optical element 10, e.g. microstructures of the types shown in Fig. 6, 7 or 8. These microstructures 30 may be arranged directly in the front surface 12, or they may be arranged in the back surface 14 such that they are visible on the front surface 12. For example, they might be visible as such through the layer 10', or an outcoupling arrangement as shown in Fig. 9a-c with visibility only under certain lightning conditions may be used.
  • the informative/decorative elements 32 serve for branding purposes, for example. As they can be manufactured in the same process as the optically active microstructures 20, branding information can be added without additional manufacturing steps.
  • Fig. 3 shows an optical element 10 similar to that of Fig. 1 with optically effective microstructures 20 on its front surface 12 and with further optical microstructures 30 superimposed on the optically effective microstructures 20 leading to low-visibility security features 32, here the word "logo", on the active area 18 of the optical element 10.
  • the further microstructures 30 may be represented by a modulation of the optically effective microstructures 20, e.g. as shown in Fig. 5a-c. Alternatively, they may be arranged on the back surface 14 of the optical element 10, e.g. in an outcoupling arrangement as shown in Fig. 9a-c.
  • informative/decorative elements 32 acting as security features generally have a low visibility. Under certain illumination conditions, for example illumination under a predetermined angle of incidence, the visibility is preferably increased.
  • Fig. 5a shows schematically a sectional view of an optical element 10 with a front surface 12 comprising optically effective microstructures 20 and an unstructured back surface 14.
  • the microstructures 20 are schematically shown as saw-tooth like profile, but could have any other shape suited for achieving the required optical function.
  • the typical profile depths d are in the range of some ten micrometers, preferably around 20 ⁇ m.
  • the typical profile lengths 1, e.g. the distances between two microgrooves, are in the range of 10 to 200 ⁇ m.
  • the typical widths w (full width at half maximum) of the microstructures are in the range of .5 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • Fig. 5b shows a profile of further optical microstructures 30 that generate decorative or security design elements 32.
  • This profile is superimposed on the profile of the microstructures 20 as shown in Fig. 5a and leads to an overall profile as shown in Fig. 5c.
  • the further optical microstructures 30 cause, in a microscopic view, a modulation of the surface structure of the microstructures 20 as shown in Fig. 5c, and generate macroscopically visible decorative or security design elements 32 in the optically active area 18 of the optical element 10.
  • the superimposed microstructures 30 comprise rectangular grooves with a depth d' and a profile length 1' (length of one groove plus length of one protrusion between two grooves).
  • the profile depth d' is smaller than the profile depth d of the original profile, e.g. d' in the range of 50 nm to 10 ⁇ m.
  • Fig. 6 shows an example for producing a informative/decorative element 32 of a line type, here the outline of the letter "R".
  • a microgroove 31 with here rectangular cross-section is a highly effective microstructure.
  • the microgroove 31 could be arranged in the front surface 12 (as shown here) or in the back surface 14 (not shown) and in or outside the optically active area of the optical element 10. Such an outline is generally of low visibility under most lightning conditions.
  • Fig. 7 shows an example for producing a informative/decorative element 32 of a two- dimensional type, here the full area of the letter "R".
  • the profile of the corresponding microstructures 30 comprises a diffusive texture, e.g. a plurality of grooves 31 ' or depressions arranged randomly in the front surface 12 of the optical element 10. This kind of profile generates a diffusive decoration that is visible under ambient light from all perspectives.
  • the depth d of the microstructure 30 determines visibility.
  • the microstructure 30 could be arranged in the front surface 12 (as shown here) or in the back surface 14 (not shown) and in or outside the optically active area of the optical element 10.
  • Fig. 8 shows an example for producing a informative/decorative element 32 of a two- dimensional type, here the full area of the letter "R", with an additional iridescent effect, i.e. color and visibility effects that change with viewing angle (indicated by two different fillings of the letter R appearing under different viewing angles).
  • the profile of the microstructure 30 is periodic and acts thus as a grating. For example, it comprises a plurality of grooves 31 arranged with constant spacing.
  • the microstructure 30 could be arranged in the front surface 12 (as shown here) or in the back surface 14 (not shown) and in or outside the optically active area of the optical element 10.
  • Fig. 9a-c show different examples for an outcoupling arrangement.
  • the optical element 10 is shown in a sectional view with a light source 40 arranged next to its back surface 14 and optically effective microstructures 20 on its front surface 12.
  • Light is emitted by the light source 40 in the general direction of an optical axis 50 running generally perpendicular to the front and back surface 12, 14.
  • the light beam 52 emitted by the light source and shaped by the optical element is shown in dashed lines.
  • the back surface 14 (Fig. 9a+b) or the front surface 12 (Fig. 9c) comprises further microstructures 30 that do or not significantly not affect light emitted from the light source 40.
  • These further microstructures 30 are designed to direct light emitted by a further light source 42 in the general direction of the optical axis 50, i.e. towards a viewer.
  • the further light source 42 is arranged such that light is coupled into the optical element 10 via a side face 16. The light is guided through the optical element 10 by total internal reflection at the front and back surface 12, 14. The further microstructures at the back surface 14 change the angle of the reflected/scattered light such that at least part of it leaves the optical element 10 via the front surface 12 under a small angle with respect to the optical axis 50.
  • the further light source 42 may be a part of the illumination system or may be an external light source.
  • Fig. 9b the same effect is achieved by arranging the further light source 42 such that light emitted thereby falls onto the back surface 14 under a small angle with respect to the plane of the back surface 14.
  • the further microstructures 30 at the back surface 14 are designed such that light is directed into the layer under a small angle with respect to the optical axis 50 and at least part of it leaves the optical element 10 via the front surface 12 under a small angle with respect to the optical axis 50.
  • the further microstructures 30 are arranged on the front surface 12.
  • the further light source 42 is arranged such that light emitted thereby falls onto the front surface 12 under a small angle with respect to the surface.
  • the further microstructures 30 at the front surface 12 are designed such that light is directed towards the viewer under a small angle with respect to the optical axis 50 without entering the optical element 10.
  • the further light source 42 can preferably be switched on and off in order to selectively "activate" (i.e. make visible) the informative/design element generated by the further microstructures 30.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
  • Marketing (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément optique (10) qui comprend une couche transparente au moins en partie comportant une surface frontale et une surface arrière, au moins l'une desdites surface frontale et surface arrière comprenant des structures optiques, par ex. des éléments de lentilles classiques ou des microstructures optiques (20), lesdites structures optiques représentant une fonction optique prédéterminée de l'élément optique, par ex. en général une fonction de mise en forme de faisceau. Au moins l'une desdites surface frontale et surface arrière comprenant des structures optiques supplémentaires, de préférence des microstructures (30), lesdites structures optiques supplémentaires générant au moins un élément informatif et/ou décoratif (32) qui est visible sur ou à travers la surface frontale au moins (dans des conditions d'éclairage prédéterminées). Comme ces structures supplémentaires peuvent être fabriquées dans la même étape que les structures optiques en assurant une fonction optique de base, il est possible de donner une valeur ajoutée à un élément optique sans compliquer le procédé de fabrication ou augmenter les coûts.
PCT/CH2008/000305 2007-07-12 2008-07-08 Elément optique, système d'éclairage et procédé de conception d'un élément optique WO2009006747A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US94934407P 2007-07-12 2007-07-12
US60/949,344 2007-07-12

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WO2009006747A1 true WO2009006747A1 (fr) 2009-01-15

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PCT/CH2008/000305 WO2009006747A1 (fr) 2007-07-12 2008-07-08 Elément optique, système d'éclairage et procédé de conception d'un élément optique

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TWI511106B (zh) * 2013-06-11 2015-12-01 Interface Optoelectronic Shenzhen Co Ltd 徽標結構及使用該徽標結構的電子裝置
EP3396504A1 (fr) * 2017-04-28 2018-10-31 LG Display Co., Ltd. Affichage intégré de capteur d'empreintes digitales au moyen d'un élément optique holographique

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EP0653651A1 (fr) * 1993-11-15 1995-05-17 Hughes Aircraft Company Feu de stop holographique, monté en position haute centrale, à double image diffuse
US5938308A (en) * 1996-06-25 1999-08-17 Digital Opitcs Corporation Projection pointer
US5926293A (en) * 1997-09-11 1999-07-20 Polaroid Corporation Holographic transflector
WO2002006858A2 (fr) * 2000-07-18 2002-01-24 Optaglio Limited Diffracteur
WO2002048760A1 (fr) * 2000-12-15 2002-06-20 De La Rue International Limited Reflecteur diffusant et procede correspondant
EP1561246A1 (fr) * 2002-11-13 2005-08-10 Heptagon OY Dispositif emetteur de lumiere
EP1533646A1 (fr) * 2003-11-21 2005-05-25 Heptagon OY Appareil pour générer des motifs optiques
US20060092491A1 (en) * 2004-10-28 2006-05-04 Bwt Property, Inc. Optical pattern projection for lighting, marking and demarcation enhancement
US20070139777A1 (en) * 2005-12-21 2007-06-21 Intel Corporation Reconfigurable zone plate lens
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI511106B (zh) * 2013-06-11 2015-12-01 Interface Optoelectronic Shenzhen Co Ltd 徽標結構及使用該徽標結構的電子裝置
EP3396504A1 (fr) * 2017-04-28 2018-10-31 LG Display Co., Ltd. Affichage intégré de capteur d'empreintes digitales au moyen d'un élément optique holographique
US10747175B2 (en) 2017-04-28 2020-08-18 Lg Display Co., Ltd. Fingerprint sensor integrated display using holographic optical element

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