WO2009005449A1 - Multistorey building with shaft - Google Patents

Multistorey building with shaft Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009005449A1
WO2009005449A1 PCT/SE2008/050747 SE2008050747W WO2009005449A1 WO 2009005449 A1 WO2009005449 A1 WO 2009005449A1 SE 2008050747 W SE2008050747 W SE 2008050747W WO 2009005449 A1 WO2009005449 A1 WO 2009005449A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
modular unit
elements
load
building
modular
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2008/050747
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Sten Nilsson
Original Assignee
Peab Pgs Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Peab Pgs Ab filed Critical Peab Pgs Ab
Publication of WO2009005449A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009005449A1/en

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/3483Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of metal
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/04Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stone-like material
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/20Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34869Elements for special technical purposes, e.g. with a sanitary equipment
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F17/00Vertical ducts; Channels, e.g. for drainage
    • E04F17/08Vertical ducts; Channels, e.g. for drainage for receiving utility lines, e.g. cables, pipes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multistorey building according to the preamble to patent claim 1.
  • the present invention relates especially to the construction industry.
  • Construction systems comprising bathroom modules which are factory- prefabricated and are fitted in multistorey buildings currently exist. These bathroom modules, however, acquire an unnecessarily low ceiling height, since they are placed on the floor structures of an existing storey and space for installations (such as heating, water and sanitary installations) is located in the bathroom itself.
  • the floor structure element on which the bathroom module is fitted is furnished with a recess (following fitting of the floor structure element in the building) in which the bathroom module is fitted, within the region of this recess the floor structure element having to be reinforced with underlying beams.
  • This solution for achieving taller ceiling height in the bathroom is costly and space- consuming.
  • floor structure elements are cut/sawn on the basis of the measurements of the bathroom module, which adds to the cost of construction of the multistorey building.
  • One object of the present invention is to produce a multistorey building comprising bathroom modules, wherein the work on constructing the multistorey building is streamlined, at the same time as the bathrooms acquire internally as tall a ceiling height as possible.
  • the object of the present invention is also to produce a multistorey building comprising construction parts in a modular system comprising floor structure elements and bathroom modules having predetermined area sizes in the horizontal plane (corresponding [storey]) and can thus be geometrically fitted in relative to one another according to requirement, without the floor structure elements needing to be cut to size at the construction site prior to fitting.
  • the aim is therefore to reduce the designing requirement and to create a less complicated production of multistorey buildings, at the same time as the production is realized in a more cost-effective manner.
  • the object of the invention is also to reduce the labor at the construction site itself in terms of installing heating, water and sanitary installations.
  • the object is also to eliminate the need for holes to be made in floor structure elements lying next to the shaft.
  • the object is also to produce a stiffening unit for the multistorey building.
  • the modular unit can support itself and above-standing modular units and can also bear surrounding and adjoining floor structure elements in the building.
  • the modular unit preferably has predetermined measurements in the horizontal plane, such as width and depth, which measurements correspond, for example, to the width of an individual floor structure element or the width of two neighboring floor structure elements.
  • the modular units can expediently be stacked one upon the other and in direct contact with one another.
  • the framework is expediently of metal, but can likewise be made of other materials.
  • each modular unit is constituted by pillars comprising an adjusting device for adjusting the respective modular unit in the vertical direction.
  • Each modular unit which is stacked upon another can thus be adjusted for height and, at the same time, can be aligned plumb relative to the building.
  • Each pillar expediently consists of a composite profile comprising a homogeneous square profile with hole for an adjusting device.
  • the upper end of the pillar preferably comprises a top part consisting of a plate having a threaded screw tap.
  • the pillars are dimensioned to be able to support the modular units of eight storeys, as well as load from surrounding floor structure elements up to 7.5 meter span.
  • the adjusting device comprises a threadable guide dowel which can be fitted into the bottom part of the modular unit arranged above.
  • the guide dowels are preferably four in number and are placed one in each corner of the modular unit.
  • the adjusting device is expediently constituted by a lathe-turned dowel with guide cone, support and threaded sleeve for fitting on the threaded screw tap in order to "zero out” an above-situated modular unit.
  • the guide cones are leveled for each storey in order to even out tolerances.
  • each modular unit comprises a floor element comprising a concrete floor panel supported by a metal load-bearing structure.
  • a floor for bathrooms can be factory- finished for the modular unit, comprising barrier layers and surface layers.
  • slopes in the bathroom floor can be cast into the floor panel.
  • the load-bearing elements of each modular unit are coupled to the floor element.
  • a bottom has thus been realized, which at the same time as this, with fastenings for the load-bearing elements with predetermined spacings between the fastenings, creates a uniform extent for the modular unit in the horizontal plane.
  • the bottom can advantageously be provided with barrier and surface layers for bathrooms and is furnished with slopes and holes for installations, such as heating, water and sanitary installations.
  • each modular unit for floor structure elements is incorporated in a metal load-bearing structure forming a module ceiling.
  • the module ceiling can comprise a concrete panel having a secondary load-bearing structure of expanded metal, welded into a U-prof ⁇ le.
  • the module ceiling is expediently factory-produced before the modular unit is fitted in the building. Insulation and installations in the module ceiling for waste air and water supply are likewise preferably factory pre- fitted.
  • each modular unit comprises wall elements.
  • the wall is expediently constructed with framework and plasterboards.
  • a secondary space extending between the storeys is arranged in the respective modular unit, which secondary space is in communication with the secondary space of the next adjacent modular unit, which latter secondary space, too, extends between the following storeys.
  • the secondary space expediently constitutes a second shaft for installations, separated from the primary shaft (such as the bathroom) by means of a partition wall, and can be coupled to an above-situated and/or below-situated secondary space of an adjacent modular unit.
  • a shaft for trunks has been realized, extending through the building beside and adjacent to the bathrooms of the building.
  • Pipe lines and conduits are expediently factory pre- fitted in the secondary space of the respective modular unit, prior to transport of the modular unit to the construction site.
  • each modular unit has an upper installation space in the top part and a lower installation space in the bottom part, the upper installation space of a modular unit being arranged adjacent to the lower installation space of a modular unit stacked on top.
  • a heating, water and sanitary installation can be pre-fitted in the respective modular unit.
  • the upper and lower installation spaces of two modular units stacked one upon the other can be coupled to each other and expediently form a common space substantially of a height conforming to the thickness of the floor structure elements.
  • the creation of an installation space at a place where space is otherwise taken by floor structure elements for the respective storey allows the remaining space of each modular unit, that is to say the bathroom itself, to be realized with as large a ceiling height as possible, without the multistorey building needing to be built higher.
  • prefabricated bathrooms comprising factory-fitted installations can be realized, which bathrooms are fitted for each storey individually as the multistorey building is constructed.
  • fig. Ia-Ih show an example of the construction of a multistorey building comprising bathroom modular units in perspective
  • fig. 2 shows a modular unit according to one embodiment
  • fig. 3 shows a further modular unit similar to that shown in fig. 2, stacked on the modular unit in fig. 2
  • fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional section through a multistorey building having three storeys comprising bathroom modules
  • fig. 5 shows a top view of the division of the floor structure elements on one storey and two modular units tailored for use in a modular system
  • fig. 6 shows two modular units stacked one upon the other, comprising a secondary space each and upper and lower installation spaces
  • fig. 7 shows modular units stacked one upon the other to form a lift shaft; fig.
  • fig. 8 shows a floor panel supported on a steel load-bearing structure to form a floor in a bathroom module
  • fig. 9a-9c shows a load-bearing element in the form of a pillar
  • fig. 10 shows a ceiling panel screwed to a primary load-bearing structure, to be supplemented by insulation and installations
  • fig. 11 shows a guide dowel for adjusting the modular unit in the vertical direction
  • fig. 12 shows wall elements fitted to the framework of the bathroom module, as well as the secondary space for heating, water and sanitary installations
  • fig. 13 shows a bathroom module in cross-section with pre-fitted heating, water and sanitary installation.
  • Fig. Ia-Ih show an example of the construction of a multistorey building 1 according to one embodiment.
  • Fig. Ia illustrates how a foundation plate 3 has been constructed with recesses 5 containing fastening plates for coupling members 7 for pillars 8 in the gables 9 of the building 1.
  • recesses 5 have been made in the foundation plate 3 for structural internal wall elements 11 (see fig. Id).
  • the pillars 8 and the internal wall elements 11 are intended to support above-situated floor structure elements 13 (see fig. If) enclosed by an edge beam 15 (see fig. Ie).
  • the edge beam 15 is made of cold-bent plate of 12 mm thickness.
  • a frame edge portion 17 see fig.
  • Ig is defined by the peripheral region of a building frame 18 in the building, which peripheral region supports the edge beam 15 enclosing the floor structure elements 13, 13', that is to say the frame edge portion 17 supports the floor structure elements 13, 13' of the building 1 and comprises the pillars 8 supporting floor structure elements 13.
  • Fig. Ib illustrates how a guide dowel 19 has been applied to the fastening plates, and in fig. Ic the pillars 8 have also been fitted along the gable ends of the foundation plate 3.
  • the structural internal wall elements 11 are shown in fig. Id mounted upright with their lower edges furnished with recesses for fitting into the guide dowels 19.
  • the guide dowels 19 have one and the same dimension, both for the internal wall elements 11 and for the pillars 8. After this, the edge beam 15 for the floor structure elements 13 is laid out and fastened to the frame edge portion 17, as is shown in fig. Ie.
  • a recess 20 realized in the foundation plate 3.
  • the recess comprises a guide dowel 22 (of the same type as the guide dowels 19) for f ⁇ tting-in of the lower part of the load-bearing elements of a bathroom module 24 (see fig. Ie), also referred to as vertical pillars 26 for a bathroom module 24, which pillars 26 will be described in greater detail below.
  • the bathroom module unit 24 is likewise fitted in the recess 20.
  • the bathroom module is delivered from the factory to the construction site fully equipped with barrier layers, heating, water and sanitary installations, etc.
  • each floor structure element 13 within the region of the frame edge portion 17 rests against the edge beam 15, which in turn rests against the pillars 8 as well as against nearest- situated structural internal wall elements 11.
  • the more centrally situated floor structure elements 13' rest only against the structural internal wall elements 11 or partially against the upper part of the bathroom module unit 24, that is to say against the top part 28 of the load-bearing elements (the pillars 26 of the bathroom module unit 24).
  • the floor structure elements rest against the upper part of the bathroom module unit with their edges in such a way that a recess 30 is formed in the plane of the floor structure elements.
  • the bathroom module unit 24 supports itself and above-standing bathroom module units 24 and also bears surrounding and adjoining floor structure elements 13, 13' of the building 1.
  • the bathroom module unit 24 preferably has predetermined measurements in the horizontal plane, such as width and depth, which measurements correspond to the width of two neighboring floor structure elements 13'.
  • the upper and lower installation spaces of two modules stacked one upon the other can be coupled to each other and expediently form a common space substantially of a height conforming to the thickness of the floor structure elements 13, 13'.
  • edge beam 15 bears against end portions 21 of the outer structural internal wall elements 11, and the floor structure elements 13 here rest firstly against the edge beam 15 and secondly against the structural internal wall elements 11.
  • Guide dowels 19 of the upper end 23 of the pillars 8 and of the upper edge 25 of the structural internal wall elements 11 are of such a length that they exceed the thickness of the floor structure elements 13, so that the next set of pillars 8 and structural internal wall elements 11 can be guided into place by means of the said guide dowels 19.
  • a bathroom module unit 24 is newly stacked on top of the bathroom module unit 24 situated directly below. That is to say, the pillars 26 for bathrooms for two bathroom module units 24 stacked one upon the other are coupled together to absorb vertical load.
  • a building frame 18 having three storeys (ground floor, first floor, second floor) comprising three bathroom module units 24 is shown.
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically from the side the metal frame 41 of a bathroom module unit 24.
  • the load-bearing elements, in the form of pillars 26, extend the whole of the distance substantially corresponding to the height of the bathroom module on the outside.
  • the pillars 26 have the said top part 28 and a bottom part 43.
  • the top part 28 is provided by means of bolting with a support 45 or shoulder for the supporting of floor structure elements 13, 13' (see fig. 3).
  • the support 45 for floor structure elements 13, 13' forms part of a metal load-bearing structure forming a module ceiling 51 (see fig. 10).
  • the bathroom module unit 24 has an upper installation space 47 in the top part 28 and a lower installation space 49 in the bottom part 43, the upper installation space 47 of a bathroom module unit 24 being arranged adjacent to the lower installation space 49 of a modular unit stacked on top of it (see fig. 3). In this way, a heating, water and sanitary installation can be pre-fitted in the respective modular unit.
  • the upper and lower installation spaces of two modular units stacked one upon the other can be coupled to each other and expediently form a common space G substantially of a height conforming to the thickness t of the floor structure elements.
  • the top part 28 of the pillars 26 for the bathroom module unit 24 is furnished with an adjusting device 53 for adjusting the bathroom module unit 24 in the vertical direction and for aligning it plumb.
  • the adjusting device 53 comprises the threadable guide dowel 22, which can be fitted into the bottom part 43 of the above-arranged bathroom module unit 24. That is to say, the guide dowel 22 is fitted into a guide hole 55 in the bottom part 43 for the guide-in and adjustment of the bathroom module units 24 relative to each other.
  • the guide dowels 22 are four (only two are visible) in number and are placed one in each corner of the bathroom module unit 24.
  • the guide dowel 22 is a lathe-turned dowel with guide cone 57 (see also fig. 11).
  • Fig. 3 illustrates schematically how the floor structure elements 13' of the first storey of the building rest against the supports 45 of the underlying (the first- fitted) bathroom module unit 24 (designed for the lower storey).
  • the first- fitted bathroom module unit 24 is fitted in the recess 20 of the foundation plate 3.
  • the floor structure elements 13' rest against the supports 45 and form a recess 30 in which the top part 28 or the bottom part 43 is accommodated.
  • Fig. 4 shows schematically a part of the multistorey building 1 comprising the shaft 32, which shaft 32 is divided into bathroom module units 24', 24", 24'", 24"” each designed for each storey A. B, C and D.
  • the bathroom module units 24', 24", 24" ', 24" " can be stacked one upon the other to form the said shaft 32 and the shaft 32 extends through the four storeys A, B, C and D.
  • the bathroom module units 24', 24", 24'", 24”” comprise the metal framework 41 having load-bearing elements 26 extending between two storeys. By means of the load-bearing elements 26, each bathroom module unit can support itself and at the same time bear surrounding and adjoining floor structure elements 13' in the building 1.
  • the top parts 28 of the load-bearing elements 26 are provided with the supports 45 for supporting the floor structure elements 13' of an adjoining above-situated storey.
  • the realization of a recess 30 by means of the modular units, which recess 30 does not have material for floor structure elements (which now surround the modular units), serves firstly to create space for installations and secondly to create a modular system in which different floor structure elements with predetermined lengths and widths are tailored to the measurements of standard mass-produced modular units in the horizontal plane.
  • a storey of a building is shown schematically from above. The building has two shafts 32 centrally located in the building.
  • the width B of the modular units 24 corresponds to the width of each floor structure element 13, 13', 13".
  • the length L of the modular unit 24 is half the length of the most commonly occurring floor structure element.
  • the construction system comprises floor structure elements also of the length L and thus the respective storey can be designed and constructed in a simple and cost-effective manner according to a modular system.
  • Each modular unit comprises trunk spaces, so that no drillings or feed-throughs need to be executed in floor structure elements 13, 13" surrounding the modular unit.
  • FIG. 6 In fig. 6 are shown examples of bathroom module units 24', 24" in the multistorey building 1, comprising a secondary space 57 extending between the storeys.
  • the secondary space 57 of one bathroom module unit 24' is in communication with the secondary space 57 of an adjacent bathroom module unit 24".
  • the bearing of the bathroom module unit 24' by floor structure elements 13' is supplemented by means of neighboring load-bearing internal wall elements 11 (see also fig. Ie).
  • Heating, water and sanitary installations 59 are illustrated schematically in fig. 6.
  • the lower installation space 49 of the bathroom module unit 24" which is stacked on top of the bathroom module unit 24' situated immediately below it and directly coupled thereto is openly connected to the upper installation space 47 of the lower bathroom module unit 24'.
  • the lower 49 and the upper 47 installation space together constitute the common space for a heating, water and sanitary installation.
  • the connection between the heating, water and sanitary installation 59 in this space and the secondary space 57 is realized by means of openings and piping/ducting is arranged between the spaces.
  • the vertically extending secondary spaces 57 of the respective bathroom module unit 24', 24" together constitute the shaft of the building 1 for trunks.
  • Conduits 61 are pre-fitted in the respective bathroom module unit 24', 24" and the conduits are connected to one another as the bathroom module units 24 are fitted in the building 1.
  • a partition wall 63 constituting one wall side of the bathroom, separates the secondary space 57 from the bathroom 60.
  • Fig. 7 shows a further embodiment in which modular units 44 are stacked one upon the other to form a lift shaft 46 for a lift 64.
  • Each modular unit 44 comprises a metal framework 41 with supports 45 for floor structure elements 13'.
  • the metal framework 41 comprises sound-insulating walls.
  • the lift module unit 44 forming the lift shaft serves as a stiffening part for the building 1.
  • the modular units 44 have a width and length in the horizontal plane tailored to the width and length of the floor structure elements 13, in the same way as described in connection with fig. 5 above. Designing and assembly of the building can thus be made more cost-effective.
  • Fig. 8 illustrates schematically a floor element 65 for the bathroom module unit 24.
  • the floor element 65 comprises a floor panel 67 laid on a steel load- bearing structure. Liner and clinker 69 are fitted in advance. Locally and globally, slopes are cast into the floor panel 67 and holes for installations are 8 050747
  • pillars 26 constituting the above-described load-bearing elements are mounted.
  • the pillar 26 which consists of a composite profile with homogeneous square bars, is shown.
  • the top part 28 consists of a plate with a thread screw tap.
  • the pillar 26 is dimensioned, for example, to bear up to eight storeys with bathrooms, as well as load from surrounding floor structure elements.
  • Fig. 9b shows a detail of the adjusting device 53 on the bottom part 43, constituting a guide hole 55.
  • the top part 28 shown in fig. 9c comprises a guide dowel 22 for fitting into guide holes 55 of an above- standing pillar 26.
  • Fig. 10 shows the ceiling element 51 for the bathroom module unit 24.
  • This comprises a ceiling panel with embedded load-bearing structure of expanded metal welded into a U-profile, and further comprises a main load-bearing structure 73, which also serves as a support 45 for floor structure elements.
  • the ceiling panel is screwed to the main load-bearing structure 73 and is supplemented by insulation and recesses for heating, water and sanitary installations.
  • the secondary space 57 (see fig. 6) comprises an opening 75 in the ceiling panel for communication with an adjacent secondary space of the next bathroom module unit 24.
  • FIG 11 shows the support of the adjusting device 53 for an above-standing pillar 26 and a threaded sleeve (guide cone 58) for fitting on the threaded screw tap to "zero out” an above-situated bathroom module unit 24.
  • the guide cones 58 are leveled for each storey in order to even out tolerances.
  • Fig. 12 shows in perspective a virtually finished bathroom module unit 24 comprising wall elements 77 and pillars (not yet factory-fitted module ceiling with supports and installations).
  • the trunk for wiring, forming the secondary space 57 is also illustrated.
  • Fig. 13 shows in perspective a cross-section through the bathroom module unit 24 in fig. 12.
  • the installation 59 is illustrated in the respective upper and lower installation spaces 47, 49.
  • the realization of modular units comprising load-bearing elements for bearing modular units standing one upon the other and also load-bearing surrounding floor structure elements, the edge region of which forms an interspace between the modular units (forming a shaft) and the floor structure elements, means that a space is created in which the said installations can be placed, while the ceiling height in the actual bathroom of the modular unit can be kept as high as possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a multistorey building comprising a shaft (32, 46) divided into modular units (24, 44), each one designed for each storey. The modular units (24, 44) can be stacked one upon the other to form the said shaft (32, 46), which shaft extends through at least one storey. Each modular unit (24, 44) comprises a framework (41) having load-bearing elements (26) extending between two storeys. The load-bearing elements (26) comprise a top part (28) and a bottom part (43). The top part (28) is provided with a support (45) for supporting the floor structure elements (13, 13', 13') of an adjoining storey.

Description

Multistorey building with shaft
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a multistorey building according to the preamble to patent claim 1. The present invention relates especially to the construction industry.
BACKGROUND ART
It is currently known to use various techniques to construct multistorey buildings utilizing prefabricated construction elements. Normally, load-bearing wall elements are mounted upright on the floor structure for each storey. On top of a mounted wall element is applied the floor structure of the next storey, whereafter the next wall element is placed on the floor structure of this second storey, and so on. Wall elements can have pillars arranged within them to support vertical loads from wall elements standing on top. In multistorey buildings, bathroom modules are fitted according to the prior art on the floor structure elements of the storey for floors utilizing prefabricated construction elements. Likewise, shafts for lifts, etc. are constructed by the mounting of wall elements according to the principle embodied in the above-stated prior art.
Construction systems comprising bathroom modules which are factory- prefabricated and are fitted in multistorey buildings currently exist. These bathroom modules, however, acquire an unnecessarily low ceiling height, since they are placed on the floor structures of an existing storey and space for installations (such as heating, water and sanitary installations) is located in the bathroom itself. In order to achieve greater ceiling height in the bathroom, the floor structure element on which the bathroom module is fitted is furnished with a recess (following fitting of the floor structure element in the building) in which the bathroom module is fitted, within the region of this recess the floor structure element having to be reinforced with underlying beams. This solution for achieving taller ceiling height in the bathroom is costly and space- consuming. Likewise, floor structure elements (often made of concrete) are cut/sawn on the basis of the measurements of the bathroom module, which adds to the cost of construction of the multistorey building.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
One object of the present invention is to produce a multistorey building comprising bathroom modules, wherein the work on constructing the multistorey building is streamlined, at the same time as the bathrooms acquire internally as tall a ceiling height as possible.
The object of the present invention is also to produce a multistorey building comprising construction parts in a modular system comprising floor structure elements and bathroom modules having predetermined area sizes in the horizontal plane (corresponding [storey]) and can thus be geometrically fitted in relative to one another according to requirement, without the floor structure elements needing to be cut to size at the construction site prior to fitting. The aim is therefore to reduce the designing requirement and to create a less complicated production of multistorey buildings, at the same time as the production is realized in a more cost-effective manner.
The object of the invention is also to reduce the labor at the construction site itself in terms of installing heating, water and sanitary installations. The object is also to eliminate the need for holes to be made in floor structure elements lying next to the shaft.
The object is also to produce a stiffening unit for the multistorey building.
The above-stated problems have been solved with the aid of the multistorey building described in the introduction, by virtue of the distinctive features defined in the characterizing part of patent claim 1. Other aims and advantages of the invention can be read from the accompanying independent claims.
In this way, the modular unit can support itself and above-standing modular units and can also bear surrounding and adjoining floor structure elements in the building. The modular unit preferably has predetermined measurements in the horizontal plane, such as width and depth, which measurements correspond, for example, to the width of an individual floor structure element or the width of two neighboring floor structure elements. The modular units can expediently be stacked one upon the other and in direct contact with one another. The framework is expediently of metal, but can likewise be made of other materials.
Alternatively, the load-bearing elements of each modular unit are constituted by pillars comprising an adjusting device for adjusting the respective modular unit in the vertical direction.
Each modular unit which is stacked upon another can thus be adjusted for height and, at the same time, can be aligned plumb relative to the building. Each pillar expediently consists of a composite profile comprising a homogeneous square profile with hole for an adjusting device. The upper end of the pillar preferably comprises a top part consisting of a plate having a threaded screw tap. Expediently, the pillars are dimensioned to be able to support the modular units of eight storeys, as well as load from surrounding floor structure elements up to 7.5 meter span.
Expediently, the adjusting device comprises a threadable guide dowel which can be fitted into the bottom part of the modular unit arranged above.
In this way, a user- friendly handling and cost-effective fitting of the modular units one upon the other can be realized. The guide dowels are preferably four in number and are placed one in each corner of the modular unit. The adjusting device is expediently constituted by a lathe-turned dowel with guide cone, support and threaded sleeve for fitting on the threaded screw tap in order to "zero out" an above-situated modular unit. The guide cones are leveled for each storey in order to even out tolerances.
Preferably, each modular unit comprises a floor element comprising a concrete floor panel supported by a metal load-bearing structure.
In this way, a floor for bathrooms can be factory- finished for the modular unit, comprising barrier layers and surface layers. Likewise, locally and globally, slopes in the bathroom floor can be cast into the floor panel.
Expediently, the load-bearing elements of each modular unit are coupled to the floor element.
For the modular unit a bottom has thus been realized, which at the same time as this, with fastenings for the load-bearing elements with predetermined spacings between the fastenings, creates a uniform extent for the modular unit in the horizontal plane. The bottom can advantageously be provided with barrier and surface layers for bathrooms and is furnished with slopes and holes for installations, such as heating, water and sanitary installations.
Alternatively, the support of each modular unit for floor structure elements is incorporated in a metal load-bearing structure forming a module ceiling.
In this way, a ceiling for the modular unit has been realized, wherein the load- bearing elements, at the same time as they support the ceiling of the modular unit, also support above-stacked modular units and support surrounding floor structure elements. The module ceiling can comprise a concrete panel having a secondary load-bearing structure of expanded metal, welded into a U-profϊle. The module ceiling is expediently factory-produced before the modular unit is fitted in the building. Insulation and installations in the module ceiling for waste air and water supply are likewise preferably factory pre- fitted.
Expediently, each modular unit comprises wall elements.
In this way, a fully made-up modular unit is realized in the factory prior to the modular unit being fitted in the building. The wall is expediently constructed with framework and plasterboards.
Preferably, a secondary space extending between the storeys is arranged in the respective modular unit, which secondary space is in communication with the secondary space of the next adjacent modular unit, which latter secondary space, too, extends between the following storeys. The secondary space expediently constitutes a second shaft for installations, separated from the primary shaft (such as the bathroom) by means of a partition wall, and can be coupled to an above-situated and/or below-situated secondary space of an adjacent modular unit. In this way, a shaft for trunks has been realized, extending through the building beside and adjacent to the bathrooms of the building. Pipe lines and conduits are expediently factory pre- fitted in the secondary space of the respective modular unit, prior to transport of the modular unit to the construction site.
Alternatively, each modular unit has an upper installation space in the top part and a lower installation space in the bottom part, the upper installation space of a modular unit being arranged adjacent to the lower installation space of a modular unit stacked on top.
In this way, a heating, water and sanitary installation can be pre-fitted in the respective modular unit. The upper and lower installation spaces of two modular units stacked one upon the other can be coupled to each other and expediently form a common space substantially of a height conforming to the thickness of the floor structure elements. The creation of an installation space at a place where space is otherwise taken by floor structure elements for the respective storey allows the remaining space of each modular unit, that is to say the bathroom itself, to be realized with as large a ceiling height as possible, without the multistorey building needing to be built higher.
A multistorey building as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the modular unit constitutes a bathroom. Apart from the realization of a lift shaft by stacking of modular units which can be stacked one upon the other, prefabricated bathrooms comprising factory-fitted installations can be realized, which bathrooms are fitted for each storey individually as the multistorey building is constructed.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The present invention will be explained in greater detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which, in schematic representation:
fig. Ia-Ih show an example of the construction of a multistorey building comprising bathroom modular units in perspective; fig. 2 shows a modular unit according to one embodiment; fig. 3 shows a further modular unit similar to that shown in fig. 2, stacked on the modular unit in fig. 2; fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional section through a multistorey building having three storeys comprising bathroom modules; fig. 5 shows a top view of the division of the floor structure elements on one storey and two modular units tailored for use in a modular system; fig. 6 shows two modular units stacked one upon the other, comprising a secondary space each and upper and lower installation spaces; fig. 7 shows modular units stacked one upon the other to form a lift shaft; fig. 8 shows a floor panel supported on a steel load-bearing structure to form a floor in a bathroom module; fig. 9a-9c shows a load-bearing element in the form of a pillar; fig. 10 shows a ceiling panel screwed to a primary load-bearing structure, to be supplemented by insulation and installations; fig. 11 shows a guide dowel for adjusting the modular unit in the vertical direction; fig. 12 shows wall elements fitted to the framework of the bathroom module, as well as the secondary space for heating, water and sanitary installations; and fig. 13 shows a bathroom module in cross-section with pre-fitted heating, water and sanitary installation.
MODE(S) FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The present invention will now be described by way of illustrative embodiments. For the sake of clarity, components of no importance to the invention have been omitted from the drawing. The same details shown in a number of figures may in certain cases have no reference symbol, yet can correspond to those which do have a reference symbol.
Fig. Ia-Ih show an example of the construction of a multistorey building 1 according to one embodiment. Fig. Ia illustrates how a foundation plate 3 has been constructed with recesses 5 containing fastening plates for coupling members 7 for pillars 8 in the gables 9 of the building 1. Likewise, recesses 5 have been made in the foundation plate 3 for structural internal wall elements 11 (see fig. Id). The pillars 8 and the internal wall elements 11 are intended to support above-situated floor structure elements 13 (see fig. If) enclosed by an edge beam 15 (see fig. Ie). The edge beam 15 is made of cold-bent plate of 12 mm thickness. A frame edge portion 17 (see fig. Ig) is defined by the peripheral region of a building frame 18 in the building, which peripheral region supports the edge beam 15 enclosing the floor structure elements 13, 13', that is to say the frame edge portion 17 supports the floor structure elements 13, 13' of the building 1 and comprises the pillars 8 supporting floor structure elements 13. Fig. Ib illustrates how a guide dowel 19 has been applied to the fastening plates, and in fig. Ic the pillars 8 have also been fitted along the gable ends of the foundation plate 3.
The structural internal wall elements 11 are shown in fig. Id mounted upright with their lower edges furnished with recesses for fitting into the guide dowels 19. The guide dowels 19 have one and the same dimension, both for the internal wall elements 11 and for the pillars 8. After this, the edge beam 15 for the floor structure elements 13 is laid out and fastened to the frame edge portion 17, as is shown in fig. Ie.
In fig. Ia-Ic is shown a recess 20 realized in the foundation plate 3. The recess comprises a guide dowel 22 (of the same type as the guide dowels 19) for fϊtting-in of the lower part of the load-bearing elements of a bathroom module 24 (see fig. Ie), also referred to as vertical pillars 26 for a bathroom module 24, which pillars 26 will be described in greater detail below.
In the erection of load-bearing internal walls, the bathroom module unit 24 is likewise fitted in the recess 20. The bathroom module is delivered from the factory to the construction site fully equipped with barrier layers, heating, water and sanitary installations, etc.
Once the edge beam 15 is fixed around the whole of the frame edge portion 17, the floor structure elements 13 are fitted. Each floor structure element 13 within the region of the frame edge portion 17 rests against the edge beam 15, which in turn rests against the pillars 8 as well as against nearest- situated structural internal wall elements 11. The more centrally situated floor structure elements 13' rest only against the structural internal wall elements 11 or partially against the upper part of the bathroom module unit 24, that is to say against the top part 28 of the load-bearing elements (the pillars 26 of the bathroom module unit 24). The floor structure elements rest against the upper part of the bathroom module unit with their edges in such a way that a recess 30 is formed in the plane of the floor structure elements. In this recess 30 is accommodated the upper part, with installations, of the below-standing bathroom module unit, as well as the thereon stacked lower part, with installations, of the next bathroom module unit. In this way, heating, water and sanitary installations for the bathroom module units are accommodated in the recess 30, at the same time as the bathroom module unit 24 supports itself and above-standing bathroom module units 24 and also bears surrounding and adjoining floor structure elements 13, 13' of the building 1. The bathroom module unit 24 preferably has predetermined measurements in the horizontal plane, such as width and depth, which measurements correspond to the width of two neighboring floor structure elements 13'. The upper and lower installation spaces of two modules stacked one upon the other can be coupled to each other and expediently form a common space substantially of a height conforming to the thickness of the floor structure elements 13, 13'. By creating installation space at a place where space is taken up by floor structure elements for the respective storey, the remaining space of each modular unit, such as the bathroom itself, can be realized with greater ceiling height without the multistorey building needing to be built taller.
On the long side L of the building 1, the edge beam 15 bears against end portions 21 of the outer structural internal wall elements 11, and the floor structure elements 13 here rest firstly against the edge beam 15 and secondly against the structural internal wall elements 11. Guide dowels 19 of the upper end 23 of the pillars 8 and of the upper edge 25 of the structural internal wall elements 11 are of such a length that they exceed the thickness of the floor structure elements 13, so that the next set of pillars 8 and structural internal wall elements 11 can be guided into place by means of the said guide dowels 19.
The procedure for the construction of the multistorey building 1 continues until the desired number of storeys has been realized. In each storey construction, a bathroom module unit 24 is newly stacked on top of the bathroom module unit 24 situated directly below. That is to say, the pillars 26 for bathrooms for two bathroom module units 24 stacked one upon the other are coupled together to absorb vertical load.
In fig. Ig, a building frame 18 having three storeys (ground floor, first floor, second floor) comprising three bathroom module units 24 is shown.
In fig. Ih, external wall elements 27 are fitted. It is clear that the frame edge section 17 comprises pillars 8 as well as load-bearing internal walls 11 supporting floor structure elements 13, outside of which pillars 8 the external wall elements 27 standing one upon the other are disposed. The external wall elements 27 have been furnished with supporting elements 29, in the form of vertically upright stays 31, extending from the lower edge 33 of the external wall element 27 to its upper edge 35. External wall elements 27 are therefore fitted outside the building frame 18, unlike in a traditional infill wall. This leads, inter alia, to more effective assembly and results in radiator paths (not shown) being able to be pre-fitted in the external wall elements 27, thereby obviating the need to drill through the floor structure elements 13. By means of the bathroom module units 24 stacked one upon the other and coupled together, a shaft 32 is formed, which extends through the three storeys. At the same time, therefore, a stiffening unit (the shaft 23) has been realized for the multistorey building 1.
Fig. 2 shows schematically from the side the metal frame 41 of a bathroom module unit 24. The load-bearing elements, in the form of pillars 26, extend the whole of the distance substantially corresponding to the height of the bathroom module on the outside. The pillars 26 have the said top part 28 and a bottom part 43. The top part 28 is provided by means of bolting with a support 45 or shoulder for the supporting of floor structure elements 13, 13' (see fig. 3). The support 45 for floor structure elements 13, 13' forms part of a metal load-bearing structure forming a module ceiling 51 (see fig. 10).
The bathroom module unit 24 has an upper installation space 47 in the top part 28 and a lower installation space 49 in the bottom part 43, the upper installation space 47 of a bathroom module unit 24 being arranged adjacent to the lower installation space 49 of a modular unit stacked on top of it (see fig. 3). In this way, a heating, water and sanitary installation can be pre-fitted in the respective modular unit. The upper and lower installation spaces of two modular units stacked one upon the other can be coupled to each other and expediently form a common space G substantially of a height conforming to the thickness t of the floor structure elements. The top part 28 of the pillars 26 for the bathroom module unit 24 is furnished with an adjusting device 53 for adjusting the bathroom module unit 24 in the vertical direction and for aligning it plumb. The adjusting device 53 comprises the threadable guide dowel 22, which can be fitted into the bottom part 43 of the above-arranged bathroom module unit 24. That is to say, the guide dowel 22 is fitted into a guide hole 55 in the bottom part 43 for the guide-in and adjustment of the bathroom module units 24 relative to each other.
In this way, a user-friendly handling and cost-effective fitting of the modular units one upon the other can be realized. The guide dowels 22 are four (only two are visible) in number and are placed one in each corner of the bathroom module unit 24. The guide dowel 22 is a lathe-turned dowel with guide cone 57 (see also fig. 11).
Fig. 3 illustrates schematically how the floor structure elements 13' of the first storey of the building rest against the supports 45 of the underlying (the first- fitted) bathroom module unit 24 (designed for the lower storey). The first- fitted bathroom module unit 24 is fitted in the recess 20 of the foundation plate 3. The floor structure elements 13' rest against the supports 45 and form a recess 30 in which the top part 28 or the bottom part 43 is accommodated.
Fig. 4 shows schematically a part of the multistorey building 1 comprising the shaft 32, which shaft 32 is divided into bathroom module units 24', 24", 24'", 24"" each designed for each storey A. B, C and D. The bathroom module units 24', 24", 24" ', 24" " can be stacked one upon the other to form the said shaft 32 and the shaft 32 extends through the four storeys A, B, C and D. The bathroom module units 24', 24", 24'", 24"" comprise the metal framework 41 having load-bearing elements 26 extending between two storeys. By means of the load-bearing elements 26, each bathroom module unit can support itself and at the same time bear surrounding and adjoining floor structure elements 13' in the building 1. The top parts 28 of the load-bearing elements 26 are provided with the supports 45 for supporting the floor structure elements 13' of an adjoining above-situated storey. The realization of a recess 30 by means of the modular units, which recess 30 does not have material for floor structure elements (which now surround the modular units), serves firstly to create space for installations and secondly to create a modular system in which different floor structure elements with predetermined lengths and widths are tailored to the measurements of standard mass-produced modular units in the horizontal plane. In fig. 5, a storey of a building is shown schematically from above. The building has two shafts 32 centrally located in the building. The width B of the modular units 24 corresponds to the width of each floor structure element 13, 13', 13".
The length L of the modular unit 24 is half the length of the most commonly occurring floor structure element. The construction system comprises floor structure elements also of the length L and thus the respective storey can be designed and constructed in a simple and cost-effective manner according to a modular system. Each modular unit comprises trunk spaces, so that no drillings or feed-throughs need to be executed in floor structure elements 13, 13" surrounding the modular unit.
In fig. 6 are shown examples of bathroom module units 24', 24" in the multistorey building 1, comprising a secondary space 57 extending between the storeys. The secondary space 57 of one bathroom module unit 24' is in communication with the secondary space 57 of an adjacent bathroom module unit 24". According to this embodiment, the bearing of the bathroom module unit 24' by floor structure elements 13' is supplemented by means of neighboring load-bearing internal wall elements 11 (see also fig. Ie). Heating, water and sanitary installations 59 are illustrated schematically in fig. 6. The lower installation space 49 of the bathroom module unit 24" which is stacked on top of the bathroom module unit 24' situated immediately below it and directly coupled thereto is openly connected to the upper installation space 47 of the lower bathroom module unit 24'. The lower 49 and the upper 47 installation space together constitute the common space for a heating, water and sanitary installation. The connection between the heating, water and sanitary installation 59 in this space and the secondary space 57 is realized by means of openings and piping/ducting is arranged between the spaces. The vertically extending secondary spaces 57 of the respective bathroom module unit 24', 24" together constitute the shaft of the building 1 for trunks. Conduits 61 are pre-fitted in the respective bathroom module unit 24', 24" and the conduits are connected to one another as the bathroom module units 24 are fitted in the building 1. A partition wall 63, constituting one wall side of the bathroom, separates the secondary space 57 from the bathroom 60.
Fig. 7 shows a further embodiment in which modular units 44 are stacked one upon the other to form a lift shaft 46 for a lift 64. Each modular unit 44 comprises a metal framework 41 with supports 45 for floor structure elements 13'. The metal framework 41 comprises sound-insulating walls. The lift module unit 44 forming the lift shaft serves as a stiffening part for the building 1. The modular units 44 have a width and length in the horizontal plane tailored to the width and length of the floor structure elements 13, in the same way as described in connection with fig. 5 above. Designing and assembly of the building can thus be made more cost-effective.
Fig. 8 illustrates schematically a floor element 65 for the bathroom module unit 24. The floor element 65 comprises a floor panel 67 laid on a steel load- bearing structure. Liner and clinker 69 are fitted in advance. Locally and globally, slopes are cast into the floor panel 67 and holes for installations are 8 050747
16
cast into it. A marginal zone against a wall is provided in the assembly and is supplemented after bathroom walls and bathroom ceiling have been fitted. In the corners 71, pillars 26 constituting the above-described load-bearing elements are mounted. In fig. 9a, the pillar 26, which consists of a composite profile with homogeneous square bars, is shown. The top part 28 consists of a plate with a thread screw tap. The pillar 26 is dimensioned, for example, to bear up to eight storeys with bathrooms, as well as load from surrounding floor structure elements. Fig. 9b shows a detail of the adjusting device 53 on the bottom part 43, constituting a guide hole 55. The top part 28 shown in fig. 9c comprises a guide dowel 22 for fitting into guide holes 55 of an above- standing pillar 26.
Fig. 10 shows the ceiling element 51 for the bathroom module unit 24. This comprises a ceiling panel with embedded load-bearing structure of expanded metal welded into a U-profile, and further comprises a main load-bearing structure 73, which also serves as a support 45 for floor structure elements. The ceiling panel is screwed to the main load-bearing structure 73 and is supplemented by insulation and recesses for heating, water and sanitary installations. The secondary space 57 (see fig. 6) comprises an opening 75 in the ceiling panel for communication with an adjacent secondary space of the next bathroom module unit 24. Fig. 11 shows the support of the adjusting device 53 for an above-standing pillar 26 and a threaded sleeve (guide cone 58) for fitting on the threaded screw tap to "zero out" an above-situated bathroom module unit 24. The guide cones 58 are leveled for each storey in order to even out tolerances.
Fig. 12 shows in perspective a virtually finished bathroom module unit 24 comprising wall elements 77 and pillars (not yet factory-fitted module ceiling with supports and installations). Here the trunk for wiring, forming the secondary space 57, is also illustrated.
Fig. 13 shows in perspective a cross-section through the bathroom module unit 24 in fig. 12. Here the installation 59 is illustrated in the respective upper and lower installation spaces 47, 49. The realization of modular units comprising load-bearing elements for bearing modular units standing one upon the other and also load-bearing surrounding floor structure elements, the edge region of which forms an interspace between the modular units (forming a shaft) and the floor structure elements, means that a space is created in which the said installations can be placed, while the ceiling height in the actual bathroom of the modular unit can be kept as high as possible.
The present invention should not be deemed to be limited to the above- described illustrative embodiments, but rather modifications and combinations thereof can occur within the scope of the present invention. For example, modular units of a kind other than bathroom module units and lift shaft module units can be used, such as, for example, simply shafts for trunking between storeys in the multistorey building.

Claims

1. A multistorey building comprising a shaft (32, 46) divided into modular units (24, 44), each one designed for each storey, characterized in that - the modular units (24, 44) can be stacked one upon the other to form the said shaft (32, 46), which shaft extends through at least one storey,
- each modular unit (24, 44) comprises a framework (41) having load-bearing elements (26) extending between two storeys,
- the load-bearing elements (26) comprise a top part (28) and a bottom part (43),
- the top part (28) is provided with a support (45) for supporting the floor structure elements (13, 13', 13") of an adjoining storey.
2. The multistorey building as claimed in claim 1, wherein the load- bearing elements (26) of each modular unit (24, 44) are constituted by pillars comprising an adjusting device (53) for adjusting the respective modular unit (24, 44) in the vertical direction.
3. The multistorey building as claimed in claim 2, wherein the adjusting device comprises a threadable guide dowel (22, 58) which can be fitted into the bottom part (43) of the modular unit (24, 44) arranged above.
4. The multistorey building as claimed in any of claims 1-3, wherein each modular unit (24) comprises a floor element (65) comprising a concrete floor panel (67) supported by a metal load-bearing structure.
5. The multistorey building as claimed in claim 4, wherein the load- bearing elements (26) of each modular unit (24) are coupled to the floor element (65).
6. The multistorey building as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the support (45) of each modular unit (24) for floor structure elements (13, 13', 13") is incorporated in a metal load-bearing structure forming a module ceiling (51).
7. The multistorey building as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein each modular unit (24) comprises wall elements (77).
8. The multistorey building as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein a secondary space (57) extending between the storeys is arranged in the respective modular unit (24), which secondary space (57) is in communication with the secondary space (57) of an adjacent modular unit.
9. The multistorey building as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein each modular unit (24) has an upper installation space (47) in the top part (28) and a lower installation space (49) in the bottom part (43), the upper installation space (47) of a modular unit (24) being arranged adjacent to the lower installation space of a modular unit stacked on top.
10. The multistorey building as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the modular unit (24) constitutes a bathroom.
PCT/SE2008/050747 2007-06-29 2008-06-23 Multistorey building with shaft WO2009005449A1 (en)

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WO2015101710A1 (en) * 2013-12-31 2015-07-09 Arkkitehtitoimisto Karin Krokfors Oy Building concept, vertical duct element and method for arranging spaces in a flexible manner within the building
FR3030672A1 (en) * 2014-12-22 2016-06-24 Tbi CONNECTING NETWORKS
GB2576442A (en) * 2019-10-25 2020-02-19 Laing Orourke Plc Riser system
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WO2012021055A3 (en) * 2010-08-11 2012-07-12 Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Building assembly system
WO2015101710A1 (en) * 2013-12-31 2015-07-09 Arkkitehtitoimisto Karin Krokfors Oy Building concept, vertical duct element and method for arranging spaces in a flexible manner within the building
CN106030001A (en) * 2013-12-31 2016-10-12 卡林克鲁克福什建筑公司 Building concept, vertical duct element and method for arranging spaces in flexible manner within the building
RU2677504C2 (en) * 2013-12-31 2019-01-17 Арккитехтитоймисто Карин Крокфорс Ой Building concept, vertical duct element and method for arranging spaces in a flexible manner within building
US10287782B2 (en) 2013-12-31 2019-05-14 Arkkitehtitoimisto Karin Krokfors Oy Building concept, vertical duct element and method for arranging spaces in a flexible manner within the building
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US11739521B2 (en) 2014-04-07 2023-08-29 Nxt Building System Pty Ltd Building system
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FR3030671A1 (en) * 2014-12-22 2016-06-24 Tbi CONNECTING NETWORKS
AT522517A3 (en) * 2019-05-10 2020-11-15 Timber Homes Gmbh & Co Kg Room module with installations
AT522517B1 (en) * 2019-05-10 2021-12-15 Timber Homes Gmbh & Co Kg Room module with installations
GB2576442A (en) * 2019-10-25 2020-02-19 Laing Orourke Plc Riser system
GB2576442B (en) * 2019-10-25 2022-06-01 Laing Orourke Plc Riser system
US20220290423A1 (en) * 2019-12-02 2022-09-15 Binder Beteiligungs AG Room modules for buildings
US12049754B2 (en) * 2019-12-02 2024-07-30 Binder Beteiligungs AG Room modules for buildings
US20240093482A1 (en) * 2022-09-16 2024-03-21 A&C Future Inc Method for building a frame structure prefabricated with electrical wiring, plumbing, and hvac system

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