WO2009003872A2 - Machine électrique - Google Patents
Machine électrique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009003872A2 WO2009003872A2 PCT/EP2008/058006 EP2008058006W WO2009003872A2 WO 2009003872 A2 WO2009003872 A2 WO 2009003872A2 EP 2008058006 W EP2008058006 W EP 2008058006W WO 2009003872 A2 WO2009003872 A2 WO 2009003872A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pole
- permanent magnet
- poles
- exciter
- electrical machine
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/02—Details
- H02K21/04—Windings on magnets for additional excitation ; Windings and magnets for additional excitation
- H02K21/042—Windings on magnets for additional excitation ; Windings and magnets for additional excitation with permanent magnets and field winding both rotating
- H02K21/044—Rotor of the claw pole type
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electric machine, in particular a Klauenpol- generator, with a rotor and there arranged excitation poles, which have between them in Pol fundamental council permanent magnets, which counteract a leakage flux between adjacent and opposite polarity excitation poles.
- This effect has the advantage that an existing without permanent magnet stray flux between the opposite polarity poles now becomes useful flow and flooded a stator and a winding introduced there. The performance of the machine is thereby effectively increased.
- the object is to further improve the material used in terms of its design to achieve the task to optimize the material consumption and thereby reduce the inertia and concomitant energy consumption, especially in the spin range, with the same performance.
- the electrical machine with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that the material consumption is significantly lessened with respect to the permanent magnets used. This will produce three different results.
- the adaptation of the permanent magnets to the excitation poles reduces the mass of the permanent magnets and thus the mass of the rotor. This initially leads to a reduced rotational inertia, which is particularly reduced during acceleration processes (speed increase of the electric machine in conjunction with a speed increase of the driving internal combustion engine) of the fuel consumption.
- the bending load of the exciter poles is reduced, so that an expansion of the claw poles is reduced radially outward.
- flank depths of the permanent magnet are adapted to the flank depths of the excitation poles such that the permanent magnets each cover 75% to 95%, preferably up to 100%, of the usable flank depth of the exciter poles.
- the adaptation is particularly effective when the two excitation poles overlap on the one hand over a cover length and at the same time the adaptation of the edges of the permanent magnet to the pole edges of the exciter poles extends over at least 50% of the overlap length.
- the section of the adaptation of the flanks of the permanent magnets to the pole flanks of the exciter poles should extend symmetrically around the middle (axial center) of the overlap length.
- the adaptation of the permanent magnets to the exciter poles is particularly effective when the material thickness of the permanent magnet at one, oriented in the direction of the interpolation gap end is formed such that the material thickness transversely to the direction of the Pol collectraums from a pole edge of a field to the other, opposite polarity pole edge of another exciter pole decreases while the material thickness of the permanent magnet at the other, in Direction of the interpolation space oriented end is formed such that the material thickness increases transversely to the direction of the interpolar space from a poled pole edge to the other pole pole pole opposite pole.
- the permanent magnet in the direction of the interpolar space in its center as a whole has a smaller radial height or material thickness than at its ends oriented in the direction of the interpolar space (absolute height).
- Height or material thickness of the permanent magnet should be less than 0.7, to further achieve good material utilization at maximum power.
- both the permanent magnet and a correspondingly adapted excitation pole can be produced favorably.
- the permanent magnet non-parallel side surfaces for example trapezoidally facing side surfaces
- the permanent magnet non-parallel side surfaces can be achieved with appropriate orientation of the side surfaces in particular a self-locking of the permanent magnet in the pole space radially outward and thereby attachment, for example, without additional holding elements but for example with a Realize adhesives.
- the holding element is introduced by means of a plate-shaped section in mutually opposite grooves in two opposite-pole excitation poles, a very good holder results radially inward and radially outward for the permanent magnet.
- FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through an electrical machine, designed as a generator
- FIG. 2 shows in a three-dimensional representation a rotor of the abovementioned electric machine
- FIG. 3a and FIG. 3b show, by way of example, an exciter pole in two views
- FIG. 4 shows a side view of an excitation pole
- FIG. 5 shows an enlargement of a section of FIG. 4,
- Figure 6 shows schematically two overlapping, adjacent
- Figure 7 shows schematically in a spatial view two adjacent
- FIG. 8 shows in a spatial view a permanent magnet
- FIG. 9 shows an overview of a spatial view of two adjacent exciter poles with an intermediate permanent magnet
- FIG. 10 shows a pole plate corresponding thereto
- FIGS. 11 to 18 show various exemplary embodiments of the arrangement of permanent magnets between exciter poles
- FIG. 19 shows a holding element without permanent magnets in a spatial view
- FIG. 20 shows the holding element from FIG. 19 with a permanent magnet retained in a form-fitting manner
- FIG. 21 shows the holding element from FIG. 20 in a transverse view.
- Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through an electric machine 10 (alternator), which is designed for example as an alternator for motor vehicles, shown.
- This has u. a. a two-part housing 13, which consists of a first bearing plate 13.1 and a second bearing plate
- the bearing plate 13.1 and the bearing plate 13.2 take in a stator 16, with an annular laminated core 17, in which inwardly open and axially extending grooves, a stator winding 18 is inserted.
- the annular stator 16 with its radially inwardly directed surface O, surrounds an electromagnetically excited rotor 20, which is designed as a claw-pole rotor.
- the rotor 20 consists, inter alia, of two claw-pole plates 22 and 23, on the outer circumference of which exciter poles (claw-pole fingers) 24 and 25 extending in the axial direction are arranged.
- Both claw pole boards 22 and 23 are arranged in the rotor 20 such that their excitation poles 24, 25 extending in the axial direction alternate at the periphery of the rotor as north and south poles. This results in magnetically required interpolar spaces between the oppositely magnetized exciter poles 24 and 25, which extend slightly oblique to the machine axis 26 because of the excitation poles 24 and 25 tapering towards their free ends.
- the rotor 20 is rotatably supported in the respective end shields 13.1 and 13.2, respectively, by means of a shaft 27 and one respective rolling bearing 28 located on a rotor side.
- fans 30.1 and 30.2 essentially consist of a plate-shaped or disk-shaped section from which fan blades originate in a known manner.
- These fans 30.1 and 30.2 serve to allow openings 40 in the bearing plates 13.1 and 13.2 an air exchange between the outside and the interior of the electric machine 10.
- the openings 40 are provided at the axial ends of the bearing plates 13.1 and 13.2, via which by means of the fan 30.1 and 30.2 cooling air is sucked into the interior of the electric machine 10.
- FIG. 2 shows parts of the rotor 20 of the electric machine 10 shown in FIG. 1 in a three-dimensional representation.
- the lateral surface 60 of the rotor is formed by two by six excitation poles 24, 25, which are arranged circumferentially alternately. Between each exciter pole 24 and an excitation pole 25 is a pole gap 63, which is limited by excitation pole edges 65 of the exciter poles 24, 25. In each case one pole groove 67, 68, which extends over the entire length of the excitation pole 24, is located in the excitation pole edges 65. 25 extends. In each of the interpolar spaces 63, a permanent magnet 60 can be introduced, which is held by a holding element 80 between the exciter poles 24, 25.
- a strip-shaped edge 76 of the holding element 80 engages on both sides in the Polnuten 67, 68.
- the permanent magnets 70 serve to compensate for the magnetic leakage flux between the mutually magnetized exciter poles 24, 25.
- the leakage flux compensation increases the power output.
- the permanent magnets 70 are magnetized in a manner such that the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet 70 and the exciter pole 24 or 25 directly adjacent to the magnetic pole have the same name during operation of the electrical machine 10.
- actuations 78 may be applied to the exciter poles 24, 25 on their edges running and / or running with respect to the direction of rotation.
- Each excitation pole 24, 25 has both an excitation pole base 34 and 35 (claw pole root), with which the exciter poles to the claw pole boards 22, 23 in the
- the exciter pole (claw fingers) 24, 25 tapers in each case from the exciter pole base 34, 35 to the exciter pole tip 32, 33.
- FIG. 3a schematically shows a side view of the exciter pole 24,
- FIG. 3b shows a sectional illustration, as indicated in FIG. 3a.
- Figure 3a is a
- Extension direction x E p shown. Depending on this extension direction x E p, one edge depth T E p is obtained, see also FIG. 3 b.
- This flank depth T E p can be seen in its projection in FIG. 3 a and designated there as T EPi P.
- the flank depth T EP is directed essentially radially inwards, wherein the flank depth T EP is perpendicular in a plane to the machine axis 26
- FIG. 4 once again schematically shows an exciter pole 24, in which case an edge of a permanent magnet 60 is shown schematically on the excitation pole edge 65, as it could, for example, be present at the exciter pole 24.
- the flank 100 is arranged on the exciter pole 24 in such a way that in each case a slight distance 103 results radially inward and also radially outwardly,
- flank 100 of the permanent magnet 70 has the flank depth Tp M.
- flank depth T E p of the exciter pole 24 is entered. It can be seen here that, at the length section outlined here in the direction of the machine axis 26 of the exciter pole 24, the flank 100 of the permanent magnet 70 is substantially matched with its flank depth T PM to the flank depth T E p of the exciter pole 24.
- an electric machine 10 with a stator 16 and a rotor 20 with mutually adjacent to the stator 16 periphery of the rotor 20 arranged differently polarizable excitation poles 24, 25, in particular claw poles disclosed.
- the exciter poles 24, 25 have pole flanks 65, wherein pole flanks 65 of different excitable, adjacent exciter poles 24, 25 face each other.
- the pole flanks 65 of the excitation poles 24, 25 have in their extension direction x E p (in the direction of the machine axis 26) and for each position in the extension direction x E p an at least substantially radially inwardly directed flank depth T EP .
- Between the exciter poles 24, 25 pole interspaces 63 are arranged, wherein in at least one pole gap 63 at least one permanent magnet 70 is arranged, which counteracts a scattering flux between its adjacent exciter poles 24, 25 during operation.
- Permanent magnet 70 has flanks 100, wherein an edge 100 of an excitation pole edge 65 of a field pole 24 and the other edge 100 of an excitation pole edge 65 of another exciter pole 25 faces.
- the two excitation poles 24 and 25 are adjacent and differently polarizable, wherein the flanks 100 of the permanent magnet 70 in the extension direction x EP and for each position in
- Extending direction x EP have an at least substantially radially inwardly directed flank depth T PM .
- the flanks 100 of the permanent magnet 70 facing the two differently polarizable excitation poles 24 and 25 are substantially adapted at least in sections with their flank depths T PM to the flank depths T EP of the exciter poles 24, 25. It is with this It is provided that the adjustments of the flank depths T PM of the permanent magnet 70 to the flank depths T E p of the exciter poles 24, 25 are such that the flank depths T PM of the permanent magnet 70 are 75% to 95%, preferably also up to 100%, of the usable flank depth Cover T E p of exciter poles 24, 25 ü.
- FIG. 6 shows, in a repeated, schematic illustration, an overlap of two adjacent antipole exciter poles 24 and 25.
- the overlap is denoted by an overlap length Lu and also extends here in the direction of the machine axis 26.
- a permanent magnet 70 is sketched whose shape initially does not immediately opens up.
- FIG. 8 which immediately discloses the special design of the permanent magnet 70, with particular reference being made here to the radially inwardly directed side 74 of the permanent magnet 70.
- the two excitation poles 24 and 25 In relation to the required overlap length Lu, it is desired for the two excitation poles 24 and 25 to overlap over an overlap length Lu and for the flanks of the permanent magnet or magnets 70 to be adapted to the pole flanks 65 of the exciter poles 24 and 25 over at least 50% of the overlap length Lu are.
- the portion of the adjustments of the flanks 100 of the permanent magnets 70 to the pole edges 65 of the excitation poles 24, 25 over at least 80% preferably extends to 100% of the overlap length Lu.
- the portion of the adjustments of the flanks 100 of the or the permanent magnet 70 to the pole edges 65 of the exciter poles 24, 25 symmetrically about the center 103 of the overlap length Lu extend.
- FIG 7 two exciter poles 24 and 25 are shown schematically in sections. The representation of adjacent areas and areas has been omitted here, since the relationship clearly results from this and the following drawings.
- the exciter poles 24 and 25 each have a pole tip 32 and 33 and a pole base 34 and 35, respectively.
- the pole base 34 or 35 is the section of the excitation pole 24 and 25, respectively, which is closest to a pole plate 22 or 23 and is also integrally connected there.
- In the pole edges 65 are each a Polnut 67 and 68, which extends over the entire length of the exciter pole 24, 25.
- Figure 8 shows a three-dimensional view of a permanent magnet 70, which is adapted with its flanks 100 to the respective pole edge 65 of the adjacent exciter poles 24 and 25 respectively.
- These flanks 100 of the permanent magnet 70 essentially cover the pole flanks 65, but do not project beyond them in the radial direction.
- the flanks 100 of the permanent magnet 70 have the shape of a special
- the flanks 100 of the permanent magnet 70 shown here are parallel to one another. As can be clearly seen, the permanent magnet 70 is not parallelepipedic.
- the underside 74 of the permanent magnet 70 has an angle between + 20 ° ( ⁇ l) and -20 ° ( ⁇ 2) with respect to the outer side of the permanent magnet (radially outward plane).
- a material thickness H of the permanent magnet 70 is formed at an end oriented in the direction of the interpolar space 63 such that the material thickness H transversely to the direction of the interpolar space 63, i. in the circumferential direction - of a pole edge 65 of the
- the material thickness H of the permanent magnet 70 at the other in the direction of the pole gap 63 oriented end is formed such that the material thickness H transverse to the direction of the Pol disregardraums 63 from a poled pole edge 65 to another ge genpoligen Polflanke increases ( Figure 9, the end shown in the background).
- the permanent magnet 70 in the direction of the interpolar space 63 at its center as a whole has a smaller radial height H than at its ends oriented in the direction of the interpolar space 63.
- the bottom 74 of the permanent magnet 70 is not flat.
- the permanent magnet 70 can be introduced, which is held by a holding element 80 between the exciter poles 24, 25, Figure 9.
- a strip-shaped projection 76 engages in a respective Polnut 67, 68 a.
- FIG. 10 shows a sectional view through three adjacent exciter poles 24 and 25 with permanent magnets 70 arranged therebetween in the sense of the invention.
- the permanent magnet 70 is held indirectly by means of a non-magnetic holding element 80 between two mutually opposite exciter poles 24, 25.
- Figure 11 illustrates the term "usable flank depth T E p."
- the permanent magnet 70 is also secured via a retaining element 80 in grooves 67 and 68, respectively. Rather, this only applies to a usable edge depth, which results here as a distance between the lower edge 150 of the excitation pole 24 or 25 and radially inner end of the groove 67 and 68, respectively.
- FIG. 12 shows a detail of another embodiment of a permanent magnet 70, which is held by means of a holding element 80 between the two exciter poles 24 and 25.
- the flanks 100 of the permanent magnet 70 which are directed towards the pole flanks 65 of an exciter pole 24 or 25 are not parallel to one another.
- the holding member 80 has a plate-shaped portion 82 which is directed radially outwardly and protrudes on both sides in the circumferential direction over the permanent magnet 70, wherein each supernatant 76 in a groove 67 and 68 of an excitation pole 24 and an exciter pole 25 introduced is and the protrusions 76 preferably insertion chamfers 120 (Figure 19) for facilitated insertion between the exciter poles 24 and 25, respectively.
- the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 13 again shows two exciter poles 24 and 25, which in this case have mutually facing strip areas 130 which are arranged on overhangs 133.
- the holding element 80 has a plate-shaped section 82, which is directed radially outward and is held under a radially outer exciter pole-side strip surface 130 of the exciter poles 24 and 25.
- Figure 14 shows a modification of the embodiment of Figure 13, which has no holding element 80.
- Figure 15 shows that the holding member 80 has a plate-shaped portion 82 which is directed radially outward and is supported with the permanent magnet 70 between a exciter pole-side outer strip surface 133 and a exciter pole-side inner strip surface 136 of the exciter poles 24 and 25.
- FIG. 16 shows a permanent magnet 70 which has a further radial longitudinal extension which projects between the inner strip surfaces. (The permanent magnet could also be purely cuboid here.) Accordingly, FIG. 18 shows a modification of FIG. 16 likewise with an extension of the permanent magnet 70 between the inner strips 160.
- FIG. 19 shows a holding element 80 with a plate-shaped section 82, starting from tabs 84, which in the region of the end act as a permanent magnet 70 in the groove longitudinal direction with a compressive force and connect either positively (FIG. 20) or non-positively to the holding element 80.
- the plate-shaped portion 82 is perforated and thus has holes 86, Figure 20.
- an adhesive 140 adhesively bonding the permanent magnet 70 to the plate-shaped portion 82.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne une machine électrique pourvue d'un stator (16) et d'un rotor (20) présentant des pôles à excitation (24, 25), notamment des pôles à griffes, placés de manière adjacente sur le pourtour du rotor (20) faisant face au stator (16) et pouvant être polarisés de manière différente, les pôles à excitation (24, 25) présentant des flancs (65) et les flancs (65) de pôles à excitation adjacents (24, 25), qui peuvent être excités de manière différente, étant placés face à face, les flancs (65) des pôles à excitation (24, 25) présentant, dans leur direction d'extension (XEP) et pour chaque position dans la direction d'extension (XEP), une profondeur de flanc (TEP) orientée au moins sensiblement vers l'intérieur dans le sens radial, des espaces (63) étant ménagés entre les pôles à excitation (24, 25) et au moins un aimant permanent (70) étant placé dans au moins un espace interpolaire (63), lequel aimant s'oppose à un flux de dispersion passant entre ses pôles à excitation adjacents (24, 25), lorsque la machine est en marche, et présente des flancs (100) dont l'un fait face à un flanc (65) d'un pôle à excitation (24, 25) et l'autre fait face à un flanc (65) d'un autre pôle à excitation (24, 25), les deux pôles à excitation (24, 25) étant adjacents et pouvant être polarisés de manière différente, les flancs (100) de l'aimant permanent (70) présentant, dans la direction d'extension (XEP) et pour chaque position dans la direction d'extension (XEP), une profondeur de flanc (TPM) orientée au moins sensiblement vers l'intérieur dans le sens radial. Selon l'invention, les flancs (100) de l'aimant permanent (70), qui font face aux deux pôles à excitation (24, 25) pouvant être polarisés de manière différente, sont sensiblement adaptés, au moins en partie par leurs profondeurs de flanc (TPM), aux profondeurs de flanc (TEP) des pôles à excitation (24, 25).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007032140A DE102007032140A1 (de) | 2007-06-30 | 2007-06-30 | Elektrische Maschine |
DE102007032140.8 | 2007-06-30 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2009003872A2 true WO2009003872A2 (fr) | 2009-01-08 |
WO2009003872A3 WO2009003872A3 (fr) | 2009-05-28 |
Family
ID=40076087
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2008/058006 WO2009003872A2 (fr) | 2007-06-30 | 2008-06-24 | Machine électrique |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE102007032140A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2009003872A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2977405B1 (fr) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-07-12 | Jeumont Electric | Rotor d'une machine electrique synchrone multipolaire a poles saillants |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0762617A1 (fr) * | 1995-08-11 | 1997-03-12 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Alternateur pour véhicule |
US5747913A (en) * | 1995-05-12 | 1998-05-05 | General Motors Corporation | Rotor for hybrid generator having improved magnet retention |
DE19951115A1 (de) * | 1999-10-23 | 2001-05-03 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Elektrische Maschine |
US20040032183A1 (en) * | 2002-03-12 | 2004-02-19 | Denso Corporation | Rotating electric machine |
FR2861511A1 (fr) * | 2003-10-27 | 2005-04-29 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Rotor pour une machine electrique tournante |
FR2865322A1 (fr) * | 2004-01-19 | 2005-07-22 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Machine dynamoelectrique a courant alternatif |
JP2006340556A (ja) * | 2005-06-06 | 2006-12-14 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | 埋め込み磁石型回転電機用永久磁石部材および回転電機 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4959577A (en) * | 1989-10-23 | 1990-09-25 | General Motors Corporation | Alternating current generator |
JP3709590B2 (ja) * | 1995-11-02 | 2005-10-26 | 株式会社デンソー | 車両用交流発電機 |
JP3752770B2 (ja) * | 1997-03-21 | 2006-03-08 | 株式会社デンソー | ランデルコア型回転電機 |
DE29801184U1 (de) | 1998-01-26 | 1999-05-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 70469 Stuttgart | Synchronmaschine, insbesondere Generator für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
FR2784248B1 (fr) * | 1998-10-02 | 2000-12-22 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | Alternateur pour vehicule avec rattrapage de jeu sur les aimants interpolaires |
-
2007
- 2007-06-30 DE DE102007032140A patent/DE102007032140A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-06-24 WO PCT/EP2008/058006 patent/WO2009003872A2/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5747913A (en) * | 1995-05-12 | 1998-05-05 | General Motors Corporation | Rotor for hybrid generator having improved magnet retention |
EP0762617A1 (fr) * | 1995-08-11 | 1997-03-12 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Alternateur pour véhicule |
DE19951115A1 (de) * | 1999-10-23 | 2001-05-03 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Elektrische Maschine |
US20040032183A1 (en) * | 2002-03-12 | 2004-02-19 | Denso Corporation | Rotating electric machine |
FR2861511A1 (fr) * | 2003-10-27 | 2005-04-29 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Rotor pour une machine electrique tournante |
FR2865322A1 (fr) * | 2004-01-19 | 2005-07-22 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Machine dynamoelectrique a courant alternatif |
JP2006340556A (ja) * | 2005-06-06 | 2006-12-14 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | 埋め込み磁石型回転電機用永久磁石部材および回転電機 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102007032140A1 (de) | 2009-01-02 |
WO2009003872A3 (fr) | 2009-05-28 |
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